Accius, Lucius 170-86 BC W ::: Lucius Accius, or Lucius Attius, was a Roman tragic poet and literary scholar. The son of a freedman and a freedwoman, Accius was born at Pisaurum in Umbria, in 170 BC. The year of his death is unknown, but he must have lived to a great age, since Cicero writes of having conversed with him on literary matters. ~ Wikipedia Aeschylus (Author) ::: 525-456 BC; Aeschylus was an ancient Greek author of Greek tragedy, and is often described as the father of tragedy. Academics' knowledge of the genre begins with his work, and understanding of earlier Greek tragedy is largely based on inferences made from reading his surviving plays. ~ Wikipedia Aesop (Greek fabulist) ::: fl. c. 550 BC; Aesop was a Greek fabulist and storyteller credited with a number of fables now collectively known as Aesop's Fables. ~ Wikipedia Agathon (Poet) ::: c. 448-400 BC; Agathon was an Athenian tragic poet whose works have been lost. He is best known for his appearance in Plato's Symposium, which describes the banquet given to celebrate his obtaining a prize for his first tragedy at the Lenaia in 416. He is also a prominent character in Aristophanes' comedy the Thesmophoriazusae. Wikipedia
Agesilaus, 444-400 BC
Agis, 5th century BC
Alcaeus, c. 625-c. 575 BC
Alexander the Great, 356-323 BC
Amenemope, c. 11th century BC
Anacharsis, fl. c. 600 BC Anacreon (Lyric Poet) ::: c. 570-c. 480 BC; Anacreon was a Greek lyric poet, notable for his drinking songs and erotic poems. Later Greeks included him in the canonical list of Nine Lyric Poets. ~ W Anaxagoras (Greek philosopher) ::: c. 500-428 BC; Anaxagoras was a Pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Born in Clazomenae at a time when Asia Minor was under the control of the Persian Empire, Anaxagoras came to Athens. ~ Wikipedia
Antigonus, c. 382-301 BC
Antiphanes, c. 388-c. 311 BC
Apelles, fl. 325 BC
Aratus, c. 315-240 BC
Archilochus, early 7th century BC Archimedes (Greek mathematician) ::: c. 287-212 BC; Archimedes of Syracuse was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Wikipedia
Aristophanes, c. 450-385 BC Aristotle (Greek philosopher) ::: 384-322 BC; Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Lyceum, the Peripatetic school of philosophy, and the Aristotelian tradition. Wikipedia
Aten, The Great Hymn to the, c. 1350 BC
Augustus Caesar, 63 BC-AD 14
Bhagavad Gita, 250 BC-AD 250
Bias, 6th century BC
Bion, c. 325-c. 255 BC
Book of Changes, The [I Ching], c. 12th century BC
Book of the Dead, The, c. 1700-1000 BC
Caecilius Statius, 220-168 BC
Caesar, [Gaius] Julius, 100-44 BC
Callimachus, c. 300-240 BC
Cato the Censor], 234-149 BC Catullus, Gaius Valerius (Poet) ::: 87-c. 54 BC; Gaius Valerius Catullus, often referred to simply as Catullus, was a Latin poet of the late Roman Republic who wrote chiefly in the neoteric style of poetry, focusing on personal life rather than classical heroes. His surviving works are still read widely and continue to influence poetry and other forms of art. Wikipedia
Chilon, 6th century BC See Chuang-tzu (Chinese Philosopher) ::: 369-286 BC; Zhuang Zhou, commonly known as Zhuangzi, was an influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BC during the Warring States period, a period corresponding to the summit of Chinese philosophy, the Hundred Schools of Thought. Wikipedia Cicero, Marcus Tullius (Roman statesman) ::: 106-43 BC; Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher and Academic Skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. Wikipedia
Cleanthes, c. 330-232 BC
Cleobulus, 6th century BC See Confucius (Chinese philosopher) ::: 551-479 BC; Confucius was a Chinese philosopher and politician of the Spring and Autumn period who was traditionally considered the paragon of Chinese sages. Confucius's teachings and philosophy formed the basis of East Asian culture and society, and continues to remain influential across China and East Asia as of today. Wikipedia
Crassus, Marcus Licinius, fl. 70 BC Democritus (Greek philosopher) ::: c. 460-c. 370 BC; Democritus was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher primarily remembered today for his formulation of an atomic theory of the universe. Democritus was born in Abdera, Thrace, around 460 BC, although there are disagreements about the exact year. Wikipedia Demosthenes (Greek statesman) ::: c. 384-322 BC; Demosthenes was a Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens. His orations constitute a significant expression of contemporary Athenian intellectual prowess and provide an insight into the politics and culture of ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. Wikipedia
Diogenes the Cynic, c. 400-c. 325 BC Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Greek historian) ::: c. 54-c. 7 BC; Dionysius of Halicarnassus was a Greek historian and teacher of rhetoric, who flourished during the reign of Augustus Caesar. His literary style was atticistic imitating Classical Attic Greek in its prime. Wikipedia
Empedocles, c. 490-c. 430 BC Ennius, Quintus (Writer) ::: 239-169 BC; Quintus Ennius was a writer and poet who lived during the Roman Republic. He is often considered the father of Roman poetry. He was born in Rudiae, formerly a small town located near modern Lecce in the heel of Italy, and could speak Oscan as well as Latin and Greek. ~ Wikipedia Epicurus (Greek philosopher) ::: 341-270 BC; Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher and sage who founded Epicureanism, a highly influential school of philosophy. He was born on the Greek island of Samos to Athenian parents. Wikipedia
Epimenides, 6th century BC Euclid (Greek mathematician) ::: fl. 300 BC; Euclid, sometimes called Euclid of Alexandria to distinguish him from Euclid of Megara, was a Greek mathematician, often referred to as the "founder of geometry" or the "father of geometry". He was active in Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy I. Wikipedia Euripides (Tragedian) ::: c. 485-406 BC; Euripides was a tragedian of classical Athens. Along with Aeschylus and Sophocles, he is one of the three ancient Greek tragedians for whom any plays have survived in full. Some ancient scholars attributed ninety-five plays to him, but the Suda says it was ninety-two at most. Wikipedia
Fabius Maximus, Quintus, c. 275-203 BC 86
Han Wu-ti, 157-87 BC Heraclitus (Greek philosopher) ::: c. 540-c. 480 BC; Heraclitus of Ephesus was an Ancient Greek, pre-Socratic, Ionian philosopher and a native of the city of Ephesus, which was then part of the Persian Empire. His paradoxical philosophy and appreciation for wordplay and cryptic utterances has earned him the epithet "The Obscure" since antiquity. Wikipedia
Herodotus, c. 485-c. 425 BC
Hesiod, c. 700 BC
Hillel, fl. 30 BC-AD 10 Hippocrates (Greek physician) ::: c. 460-377 BC; Hippocrates of Kos, also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician of the Age of Pericles, who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine. Wikipedia Homer (Author) ::: c. 700 BC; Homer is the reputed author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, the two epic poems that are the foundational works of ancient Greek literature. He is regarded as one of the greatest and most influential writers of all time. Wikipedia Huai-nan Tzu [known also as Liu An] (author) ::: 2nd century BC; Li n was a Han dynasty Chinese prince, ruling the Huainan Kingdom, and an advisor to his nephew, Emperor Wu of Han. He is best known for editing the Huainanzi compendium of Daoist, Confucianist, and Legalist teachings and is credited for inventing tofu. Wikipedia
Hymn to the Aten, The Great, c. 1350 BC Horace [Quintus Horatius Flaccus] (Roman poet) ::: 658 BC; Quintus Horatius Flaccus, known in the English-speaking world as Horace, was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus. Wikipedia
Ibycus, c. 580 BC
I Ching [The Book of Changes], c. 12th century BC
Iphicrates, c. 419-348 BC
Laberius, Decimus, 105-43 BC
Lacydes, fl. c. 241 BC Lao-tzu (Chinese philosopher) ::: c. 604-c. 531 BC; Lao Tzu, also rendered as Laozi and Lao-Tze, was an ancient Chinese philosopher and writer. He is the reputed author of the Tao Te Ching, the founder of philosophical Taoism, and a deity in religious Taoism and traditional Chinese religions. Wikipedia
Leonidas of Tarentum, c. 290-c. 220 BC 85 Livy [Titus Livius] (Roman historian) ::: 59 BC-AD 17; Titus Livius, known as Livy in English, was a Roman historian. He wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people, titled Ab Urbe Condita, ''From the Founding of the City'', covering the period ... Wikipedia
Love Songs of the New Kingdom, c. 15501080 BC Lucretius [Titus Lucretius Carus] (Poet) ::: 99-55 BC; Titus Lucretius Carus was a Roman poet and philosopher. His only known work is the philosophical poem De rerum natura, a didactic work about the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism, and which usually is translated into English as On the Nature of Things. Wikipedia
Lycurgus, fl. 820 BC
Maharbal [Barca the Carthaginian], fl. 210 BC
Meleager, 1st century BC
Menander, c. 342-292 BC Mencius (Chinese philosopher) ::: 372-289 BC; Mencius; born Mng K; or Mengzi was a Chinese Confucian philosopher who has often been described as the "second Sage", that is, after only Confucius himself. He is part of Confucius' fourth generation of disciples. Mencius inherited Confucius' ideology and developed it further. Wikipedia
Merikare, The Teaching for, c. 2135-2040 BC
Mimnermus, c. 650-c. 590 BC Ovid [Publius Ovidius Naso] (Roman poet) ::: 43 BC-AD c. 18; Pblius Ovidius Ns, known in English as Ovid, was a Roman poet who lived during the reign of Augustus. He was a contemporary of the older Virgil and Horace, with whom he is often ranked as one of the three canonical poets of Latin literature. Wikipedia
Pali Canon, The, c. 500-c. 250 BC
Periander, d. 585 BC See Seven Sages
Pericles, c. 495-429 BC
Phocion, c. 402-317 BC Pindar (Lyric poet) ::: c. 518-c. 438 BC; Pindar was an Ancient Greek lyric poet from Thebes. Of the canonical nine lyric poets of ancient Greece, his work is the best preserved. Wikipedia
Pittacus, c. 650-c. 570 BC Plato (Athenian philosopher) ::: c. 428-348 BC; Plato was an Athenian philosopher during the Classical period in Ancient Greece, founder of the Platonist school of thought and the Academy, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Wikipedia Plautus, Titus Maccius (Roman playwright) ::: 254-184 BC; Titus Maccius Plautus, commonly known as Plautus, was a Roman playwright of the Old Latin period. His comedies are the earliest Latin literary works to have survived in their entirety. He wrote Palliata comoedia, the genre devised by the innovator of Latin literature, Livius Andronicus. Wikipedia
Polybius, c. 200-c. 118 BC
Propertius, Sextus, c. 54 BC-AD 2
Protagoras, c. 485-c. 410 BC
Ptahhotpe, 24th century BC Publilius Syrus (Writer) ::: 1st century BC; Publilius Syrus, was a Latin writer, best known for his sententiae. He was a Syrian from Antioch who was brought as a slave to Roman Italy. Syrus was brought to Rome on the same ship that brought Manilius the astronomer and Staberius Eros the grammarian. Wikipedia
Pyrrhus, c. 318-272 BC Pythagoras (Philosopher) ::: c. 582-500 BC; Pythagoras of Samos was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism. His political and religious teachings were well known in Magna Graecia and influenced the philosophies of Plato, Aristotle, and, through them, Western philosophy. Wikipedia
Pytheas, fl. 330 BC Sappho (Poet) ::: c. 612 BC; Sappho was an Archaic Greek poet from Eresos or Mytilene on the island of Lesbos. Sappho is known for her lyric poetry, written to be sung while accompanied by music. In ancient times, Sappho was widely regarded as one of the greatest lyric poets and was given names such as the "Tenth Muse" and "The Poetess". Wikipedia Seneca, Lucius Annaeus (Roman philosopher) ::: c. 4 BC-AD 65; Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Younger, usually known as Seneca, was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and in one work, satirist, from the post-Augustan age of Latin literature. Seneca was born in Cordoba in Hispania, and raised in Rome, where he was trained in rhetoric and philosophy. Wikipedia
Solon, Thales, c. 650-c. 550 BC
Simonides, c. 556-468 BC Socrates (Philosopher) ::: 469-399 BC; Socrates was a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as a founder of Western philosophy and the first moral philosopher of the ethical tradition of thought. Wikipedia
Solon, c. 638-c. 559 BC
Song of the Harper, The, c. 2650-2600 BC Sophocles (Tragedian) ::: c. 495-406 BC; Sophocles is one of three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived. His first plays were written later than, or contemporary with, those of Aeschylus; and earlier than, or contemporary with, those of Euripides. Wikipedia
Stesichorus, c. 630-c. 555 BC Sun-tzu (Chinese general) ::: c. 4th century BC; Sun Tzu was a Chinese general, military strategist, writer, and philosopher who lived in the Eastern Zhou period of ancient China. Sun Tzu is traditionally credited as the author of The Art of War, an influential work of military strategy that has affected both Western and East Asian philosophy and military thinking. Wikipedia
Suti and Hor, 15th-14th centuries BC
Terence [Publius Terentius Afer], c. 190-159 BC
Thales, c. 640-c. 546 BC
Themistocles, c. 528-c. 462 BC
Theocritus, c. 310-250 BC
Theognis, fl. c. 545 BC
Theophrastus, d. 278 BC
Thucydides, c. 460-400 BC
Tiberius, 42 BC-AD 37
Tibullus, Albius, c. 54-c. 19 BC
Tung Chung-shu, c. 179-c. 104 BC
Upanishads, The, c. 800-500 BC
Varro, Marcus Terentius, 116-27 BC
Xenophanes, c. 570-c. 475 BC
Xenophon, c. 430-c. 355 BC
Zeno, 335-263 BC
Zeuxis, fl. 400 BC
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