TERMS STARTING WITH
dictionary 1. {data dictionary}. 2. {associative array}. 3. {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}.
dictionary: A collection of terms and their definitions collated into one source.
dictionary flame ::: [Usenet] An attempt to sidetrack a debate away from issues by insisting on meanings for key terms that presuppose a desired conclusion or smuggle in an implicit premise. A common tactic of people who prefer argument over definitions to disputes about reality. Compare spelling flame.[Jargon File]
dictionary flame [{Usenet}] An attempt to sidetrack a debate away from issues by insisting on meanings for key terms that presuppose a desired conclusion or smuggle in an implicit premise. A common tactic of people who prefer argument over definitions to disputes about reality. Compare {spelling flame}. [{Jargon File}]
dictionary ::: n. --> A book containing the words of a language, arranged alphabetically, with explanations of their meanings; a lexicon; a vocabulary; a wordbook.
Hence, a book containing the words belonging to any system or province of knowledge, arranged alphabetically; as, a dictionary of medicine or of botany; a biographical dictionary.
Dictionary APL ::: Sharp APL
Dictionary APL {Sharp APL}
Dictionary.com gives us these definitions.
Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures ::: (algorithm) (DADS) A dictionary by Paul Black. .(2001-03-26)
Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures "algorithm" (DADS) A dictionary of {algorithms}, algorithmic techniques, {data structures}, archetypal problems and related definitions started by Paul Black in 1998. {(https://xlinux.nist.gov/dads/)}. (2019-04-26)
Dictionary of Computing ::: Free On-line Dictionary of Computing
Dictionary of Computing {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}
Dictionary of Islam, “Angels.”] Also, an angel in
Dictionary of Islam, “Angels.”]
Dictionary of Islam, A. See Hughes.
Dictionary of Miracles, A. See Brewer.
Dictionary of Miracles, p. 504.]
Dictionary of Mysticism ; Redfield, Gods IA Diction¬
Dictionary of Mysticism. See Gaynor.
Dictionary of Mysticism
Dictionary of Mythology Folklore and Symbols. See Jobes.
Dictionary of Mythology Folklore and Symbols.]
Dictionary of Mythology, Folklore and Symbols.]
Dictionary of Phrase and Fable estimates that the
Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, p. 537.] It was in the
DICTIONARY OF SRI AUROBINDO’S YOGA
Dictionary of Terms from http://integralyoga-auroville.com/interactive/dictionarysee also Glossary of Sri Aurobindo's Terms
Dictionary of the Bible, A. See Hastings; Schaff.
Dictionary of the Bible, p. 67.
Dictionary of the Bible.
Dictionary of the Bible.]
Dictionary of the Bible, “Tabor.”] The Commentary
Dictionary of the Bible) to read: “when two sit
Dictionary of the Deities of All Lands.]
Dictionary of the Holy Bible (American Tract
Dictionary of the Holy Bible, A. New York: American
Dictionary of the Targumin, Talmud Bahli and Yerusalmi, and the Midrashim Literature.
TERMS ANYWHERE
aard-wolf ::: n. --> A carnivorous quadruped (Proteles Lalandii), of South Africa, resembling the fox and hyena. See Proteles. html{color:
abridge ::: v. t. --> To make shorter; to shorten in duration; to lessen; to diminish; to curtail; as, to abridge labor; to abridge power or rights.
To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense; as, to abridge a history or dictionary.
To deprive; to cut off; -- followed by of, and formerly by from; as, to abridge one of his rights.
achillean ::: a. --> Resembling Achilles, the hero of the Iliad; invincible. html{color:
Acknowledgements "introduction" Many thanks to the thousands of {contributors (contributors.html)} and especially to the Guest Editors, mirror site maintainers and the maintainers of the following resources from which some entries originate: Mike Sendall's STING Software engineering glossary "sendall@dxpt01.cern.ch", 1993-10-13, Bill Kinnersley's {Language List (http://people.ku.edu/~nkinners/LangList/Extras/langlist.htm)} v2.2, 1994-01-15, Mark Hopkins' catalogue of Free Compilers and Interpreters v6.4, 1994-02-28, The on-line hacker {Jargon File} v3.0.0, 1993-07-27, Internet Users' Glossary (RFC 1392, FYI 18), Jan 1993. John Cross's computer glossary, 1994-11-01. John Bayko's Great Microprocessors of the Past and Present, v4.0.0, 1994-08-18. {Electronic Commerce Dictionary}. (2014-09-11)
acronym "jargon" An identifier formed from some of the letters (often the initials) of a phrase and used as an abbreviation. A {TLA} is a {meta}-acronym, i.e. an acronym about acronyms. {This dictionary (FOLDOC)} contains a great many acronyms; see {the contents page (/contents/all.html)} for a list. (2014-08-14)
adagio ::: a. & adv. --> Slow; slowly, leisurely, and gracefully. When repeated, adagio, adagio, it directs the movement to be very slow. ::: n. --> A piece of music in adagio time; a slow movement; as, an adagio of Haydn. html{color:
addendum ::: n. --> A thing to be added; an appendix or addition. html{color:
adder ::: n. --> One who, or that which, adds; esp., a machine for adding numbers.
A serpent.
A small venomous serpent of the genus Vipera. The common European adder is the Vipera (/ Pelias) berus. The puff adders of Africa are species of Clotho.
In America, the term is commonly applied to several harmless snakes, as the milk adder, puffing adder, etc. html{color:
adding ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of Add html{color:
A Dictionary of Words and Terms in Sri Aurobindo"s SavitriLexicon of an Infinite MindNarad (Richard Eggenberger)
aiblins ::: adv. --> Alt. of Ablins html{color:
AIDA "language" 1. A {functional} dialect of {Dictionary APL} by M. Gfeller. ["APL Arrays and Their Editor", M. Gfeller, SIGPLAN Notices 21(6):18-27 (June 1986) and SIGAPL Conf Proc]. 2. An intermediate representation language for {Ada} developed at the {University of Karlsruhe} in 1980. AIDA was merged with {TCOL.Ada} to form {Diana}. ["AIDA Introduction and User Manual", M. Dausmann et al, U Karlsruhe, Inst fur Inform II, TR Nr 38/80]. ["AIDA Reference Manual", ibid, TR Nr 39/80, Nov 1980]. (1995-04-12)
aimless ::: a. --> Without aim or purpose; as, an aimless life. html{color:
(a) In metaphysics: Theory which admits in any given domain, two independent and mutually irreducible substances e.g. the Platonic dualism of the sensible and intelligible worlds, the Cartesian dinlism of thinking and extended substances, the Leibnizian dualism of the actual and possible worlds, the Kantian dualism of the noumenal and the phenomenal. The term dualism first appeared in Thomas Hyde, Historia religionis veterum Persarum (1700) ch. IX, p. 164, where it applied to religious dualism of good and evil and is similarly employed by Bayle m his Dictionary article "Zoroaster" and by Leibniz in Theodicee. C. Wolff is responsible for its use in the psycho-physical sense, (cf. A. Lalande, Vocabulaire de la Philosophie. Vol. I, p. 180, note by R. Eucken.)
alectoromancy ::: n. --> See Alectryomancy. html{color:
alength ::: adv. --> At full length; lengthwise. html{color:
algorithm "algorithm, programming" A detailed sequence of actions to perform to accomplish some task. Named after the Iranian, Islamic mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and geographer, {Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi}. Technically, an algorithm must reach a result after a {finite} number of steps, thus ruling out {brute force} search methods for certain problems, though some might claim that brute force search was also a valid (generic) algorithm. The term is also used loosely for any sequence of actions (which may or may not terminate). {Paul E. Black's Dictionary of Algorithms, Data Structures, and Problems (http://nist.gov/dads/)}. (2002-02-05)
alleyway ::: n. --> An alley. html{color:
all-possessed ::: a. --> Controlled by an evil spirit or by evil passions; wild. html{color:
all saints ::: --> Alt. of All Saints&
American Standard Code for Information Interchange "character, standard" The basis of {character sets} used in almost all present-day computers. {US-ASCII} uses only the lower seven {bits} ({character points} 0 to 127) to convey some {control codes}, {space}, numbers, most basic punctuation, and unaccented letters a-z and A-Z. More modern {coded character sets} (e.g., {Latin-1}, {Unicode}) define extensions to ASCII for values above 127 for conveying special {Latin characters} (like accented characters, or {German} ess-tsett), characters from non-Latin writing systems (e.g., {Cyrillic}, or {Han characters}), and such desirable {glyphs} as distinct open- and close-{quotation marks}. ASCII replaced earlier systems such as {EBCDIC} and {Baudot}, which used fewer bytes, but were each {broken} in their own way. Computers are much pickier about spelling than humans; thus, {hackers} need to be very precise when talking about characters, and have developed a considerable amount of verbal shorthand for them. Every character has one or more names - some formal, some concise, some silly. Individual characters are listed in this dictionary with alternative names from revision 2.3 of the {Usenet} ASCII pronunciation guide in rough order of popularity, including their official {ITU-T} names and the particularly silly names introduced by {INTERCAL}. See {V} {ampersand}, {asterisk}, {back quote}, {backslash}, {caret}, {colon}, {comma}, {commercial at}, {control-C}, {dollar}, {dot}, {double quote}, {equals}, {exclamation mark}, {greater than}, {hash}, {left bracket}, {left parenthesis}, {less than}, {minus}, {parentheses}, {oblique stroke}, {percent}, {plus}, {question mark}, {right brace}, {right brace}, {right bracket}, {right parenthesis}, {semicolon}, {single quote}, {space}, {tilde}, {underscore}, {vertical bar}, {zero}. Some other common usages cause odd overlaps. The "
amzel ::: n. --> The European ring ousel (Turdus torquatus). html{color:
anthomania ::: n. --> A extravagant fondness for flowers. html{color:
aristotelic ::: a. --> Pertaining to Aristotle or to his philosophy. html{color:
asquint ::: adv. --> With the eye directed to one side; not in the straight line of vision; obliquely; awry, so as to see distortedly; as, to look asquint. html{color:
as sensible as a dictionary "humour" In Lewis Carroll's {Through the Looking Glass and what Alice found there (http://www.Germany.EU.net/books/carroll/alice.html)}, in the chapter {The Garden of Live Flowers (http://www.Germany.EU.net/books/carroll/alice_21.html
assimilation ::: a quiet settling in of what has come down. [Dictionary] ::: "Assimilation is very important and periods necessary for it should not be regarded with impatience as stoppages of the yoga." [S24:1186]
associative array "programming" (Or "hash", "map", "dictionary") An {array} where the {indices} are not just {integers} but may be arbitrary strings. {awk} and its descendants (e.g. {Perl}) have associative arrays which are implemented using {hash coding} for faster look-up. (2007-10-02)
bacharach ::: n. --> Alt. of Backarack html{color:
ballista ::: n. --> An ancient military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used for hurling large missiles. html{color:
barkentine ::: n. --> A threemasted vessel, having the foremast square-rigged, and the others schooner-rigged. [Spelled also barquentine, barkantine, etc.] See Illust. in Append. html{color:
based ::: imp. & p. p. --> of Base ::: a. --> Having a base, or having as a base; supported; as, broad-based. ::: n. html{color:
basylous ::: a. --> Pertaining to, or having the nature of, a basyle; electro-positive; basic; -- opposed to chlorous. html{color:
baz /baz/ The third {metasyntactic variable} "Suppose we have three functions: FOO, BAR, and BAZ. FOO calls BAR, which calls BAZ..." (See also {fum}). Occasionally appended to {foo} to produce "foobaz". Early versions of the Hacker Jargon dictionary derived "baz" as a Stanford corruption of {bar}. However, Pete Samson (compiler of the {TMRC} lexicon) reports it was already current when he joined TMRC in 1958. He says "It came from "Pogo". Albert the Alligator, when vexed or outraged, would shout "Bazz Fazz!" or "Rowrbazzle!" The club layout was said to model the (mythical) New England counties of Rowrfolk and Bassex (Rowrbazzle mingled with Norfolk/Suffolk/Middlesex/ Essex)." [{Jargon File}] (2008-06-30)
dictionary 1. {data dictionary}. 2. {associative array}. 3. {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}.
dictionary flame [{Usenet}] An attempt to sidetrack a debate away from issues by insisting on meanings for key terms that presuppose a desired conclusion or smuggle in an implicit premise. A common tactic of people who prefer argument over definitions to disputes about reality. Compare {spelling flame}. [{Jargon File}]
dictionary ::: n. --> A book containing the words of a language, arranged alphabetically, with explanations of their meanings; a lexicon; a vocabulary; a wordbook.
Hence, a book containing the words belonging to any system or province of knowledge, arranged alphabetically; as, a dictionary of medicine or of botany; a biographical dictionary.
bean trefoil ::: --> A leguminous shrub of southern Europe, with trifoliate leaves (Anagyris foetida). html{color:
beggable ::: a. --> Capable of being begged. html{color:
benedictionary ::: n. --> A collected series of benedictions.
bilingual ::: a. --> Containing, or consisting of, two languages; expressed in two languages; as, a bilingual inscription; a bilingual dictionary.
(b) In epistemology and psychology, the term is applied to knowledge, e.g. memory, which lies dormant in the mind but is capable of becoming actual and explicit (see W. Hamilton, Lectures on Metaphysics, xviii, cited by J. M. Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, Vol. I, p. 628). Latency in this restricted sense, designates phenomena now embraced by the term subconscious. See Subconscious. -- L.W.
birching ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of Birch html{color:
bish ::: n. --> Same as Bikh. html{color:
blindly ::: adv. --> Without sight, discernment, or understanding; without thought, investigation, knowledge, or purpose of one&
boilingly ::: adv. --> With boiling or ebullition. html{color:
book titles "publication" There is a tradition in hackerdom of informally tagging important textbooks and standards documents with the dominant colour of their covers or with some other conspicuous feature of the cover. Many of these are described in {this dictionary} under their own entries. See {Aluminum Book}, {Blue Book}, {Cinderella Book}, {Devil Book}, {Dragon Book}, {Green Book}, {Orange Book}, {Pink-Shirt Book}, {Purple Book}, {Red Book}, {Silver Book}, {White Book}, {Wizard Book}, {Yellow Book}, {bible}, {rainbow series}. [{Jargon File}] (1996-12-03)
boyism ::: n. --> Boyhood.
The nature of a boy; childishness. html{color:
brigge ::: n. --> A bridge. html{color:
brontobyte "unit, data" A proposed unit of {data} equal to 10^27 {bytes}. A brontobyte is 1000^9 bytes or 1000 {yottabytes}. "Bronto-" is not an official prefix and the term brontobyte is generally attributed to the IBM Dictionary of Computing. One brontobyte would be enough data to store a three-dimensional map of the Earth with one byte for each {voxel} of a one-centimetre grid. See {prefix}. [Where did IBM get it from?] (2013-11-04)
buchu ::: n. --> A South African shrub (Barosma) with small leaves that are dotted with oil glands; also, the leaves themselves, which are used in medicine for diseases of the urinary organs, etc. Several species furnish the leaves. html{color:
bug "programming" An unwanted and unintended property of a {program} or piece of {hardware}, especially one that causes it to malfunction. Antonym of {feature}. E.g. "There's a bug in the editor: it writes things out backward." The identification and removal of bugs in a program is called "{debugging}". Admiral {Grace Hopper} (an early computing pioneer better known for inventing {COBOL}) liked to tell a story in which a technician solved a {glitch} in the {Harvard Mark II machine} by pulling an actual insect out from between the contacts of one of its relays, and she subsequently promulgated {bug} in its hackish sense as a joke about the incident (though, as she was careful to admit, she was not there when it happened). For many years the logbook associated with the incident and the actual bug in question (a moth) sat in a display case at the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC). The entire story, with a picture of the logbook and the moth taped into it, is recorded in the "Annals of the History of Computing", Vol. 3, No. 3 (July 1981), pp. 285--286. The text of the log entry (from September 9, 1947), reads "1545 Relay
bulky ::: a. --> Of great bulk or dimensions; of great size; large; thick; massive; as, bulky volumes. html{color:
bull-necked ::: a. --> Having a short and thick neck like that of a bull. html{color:
bunodonts ::: n. pl. --> A division of the herbivorous mammals including the hogs and hippopotami; -- so called because the teeth are tuberculated. html{color:
but ::: adv. & conj. --> Except with; unless with; without.
Except; besides; save.
Excepting or excluding the fact that; save that; were it not that; unless; -- elliptical, for but that.
Otherwise than that; that not; -- commonly, after a negative, with that.
Only; solely; merely.
On the contrary; on the other hand; only; yet; html{color:
camwood ::: n. --> See Barwood. html{color:
case 1. "programming" {switch statement}. 2. "character" Whether a character is a capital letter ("upper case" - ABC..Z) or a small letter ("lower case" - abc..z). The term case comes from the printing trade when the use of moving type was invented in the early Middle Ages (Caxton or Gutenberg?) and the letters for each {font} were stored in a box with two sections (or "cases"), the upper case was for the capital letters and the lower case was for the small letters. The Oxford Universal Dictionary of Historical Principles (Feb 1993, reprinted 1952) indicates that this usage of "case" (as the box or frame used by a compositor in the printing trade) was first used in 1588. (1996-03-01)
casus ::: n. --> An event; an occurrence; an occasion; a combination of circumstances; a case; an act of God. See the Note under Accident. html{color:
catnip ::: n. --> Alt. of Catmint html{color:
charger ::: n. --> One who, or that which charges.
An instrument for measuring or inserting a charge.
A large dish.
A horse for battle or parade. html{color:
charge ::: v. t. --> To lay on or impose, as a load, tax, or burden; to load; to fill.
To lay on or impose, as a task, duty, or trust; to command, instruct, or exhort with authority; to enjoin; to urge earnestly; as, to charge a jury; to charge the clergy of a diocese; to charge an agent.
To lay on, impose, or make subject to or liable for.
To fix or demand as a price; as, he charges two dollars html{color:
charlatanry ::: n. --> Undue pretensions to skill; quackery; wheedling; empiricism. html{color:
chef ::: n. --> A chief of head person.
The head cook of large establishment, as a club, a family, etc.
Same as Chief. html{color:
chrisom ::: n. --> A white cloth, anointed with chrism, or a white mantle thrown over a child when baptized or christened.
A child which died within a month after its baptism; -- so called from the chrisom cloth which was used as a shroud for it. html{color:
chuckling ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of Chuckle html{color:
codebook {data dictionary}
colstaff ::: n. --> A staff by means of which a burden is borne by two persons on their shoulders. html{color:
communication system "communications" A system or facility for transfering data between persons and equipment. The system usually consists of a collection of individual communication {networks}, transmission systems, relay stations, tributary stations and {terminal} equipment capable of interconnection and interoperation so as to form an integrated whole. These individual components must serve a common purpose, be technically compatible, employ common procedures, respond to some form of control and generally operate in unison. ["Communications Standard Dictionary", 2nd Edition, Martin H. Weik]. (1995-02-06)
computer dictionary {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}
computing dictionary {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}
consult ::: v. i. --> To seek the opinion or advice of another; to take counsel; to deliberate together; to confer. ::: v. t. --> To ask advice of; to seek the opinion of; to apply to for information or instruction; to refer to; as, to consult a physician; to consult a dictionary.
contour ::: n. --> The outline of a figure or body, or the line or lines representing such an outline; the line that bounds; periphery.
The outline of a horizontal section of the ground, or of works of fortification. html{color:
cornicular ::: n. --> A secretary or clerk. html{color:
covinous ::: a. --> Deceitful; collusive; fraudulent; dishonest. html{color:
cowpea ::: n. --> The seed of one or more leguminous plants of the genus Dolichos; also, the plant itself. Many varieties are cultivated in the southern part of the United States. html{color:
cran ::: n. --> Alt. of Crane html{color:
crazy ::: a. --> Characterized by weakness or feebleness; decrepit; broken; falling to decay; shaky; unsafe.
Broken, weakened, or dissordered in intellect; shattered; demented; deranged.
Inordinately desirous; foolishly eager. html{color:
crouton ::: n. --> Bread cut in various forms, and fried lightly in butter or oil, to garnish hashes, etc. html{color:
cucking stool ::: --> A kind of chair formerly used for punishing scolds, and also dishonest tradesmen, by fastening them in it, usually in front of their doors, to be pelted and hooted at by the mob, but sometimes to be taken to the water and ducked; -- called also a castigatory, a tumbrel, and a trebuchet; and often, but not so correctly, a ducking stool. html{color:
DADS {Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures}
dangling pointer "programming" A reference that doesn't actually lead anywhere. In {C} and some other languages, a pointer that doesn't actually point at anything valid. Usually this happens because it formerly pointed to something that has moved or disappeared, e.g. a {heap}-allocated block which has been freed and reused. Used as jargon in a generalisation of its technical meaning; for example, a local phone number for a person who has since moved is a dangling pointer. {This dictionary} contains many dangling pointers - cross-references to non-existent entries, as explained in {the Help page (help.html)}. [{Jargon File}] (2014-09-20)
database administrator "job" A person responsible for the design and management of one or more {databases} and for the evaluation, selection and implementation of {database management systems}. In smaller organisations, the data administrator and database administrator are often one in the same; however, when they are different, the database administrator's function is more technical. The database administrator would implement the database software that meets the requirements outlined by the organisation's data administrator and {systems analysts}. Tasks might include controling an organisation's data resources, using {data dictionary} software to ensure {data integrity} and security, recovering corrupted data and eliminating data redundancy and uses tuning tools to improve database performance. (2004-03-11)
data dictionary "database" A data structure that stores {metadata}, i.e. data about {data}. The term "data dictionary" has several uses. Most generally it is a set of {data descriptions} that can be shared by several applications. Usually it means a {table} in a {database} that stores the names, {field} {types}, length, and other characteristics of the fields in the database tables. An active data dictionary is automatically updated as changes occur in the database. A passive data dictionary must be manually updated. In a {DBMS}, this functionality is performed by the {system catalog}. The data dictionary is a more general software utility used by designers, users, and administrators for {information resource management}. The data dictionary may maintain information on system hardware, software, documentation, users, and other aspects. Data dictionaries are also used to document the database design process itself and can accumulate metadata ready to feed into the system catalog. [Does anybody call them "codebooks"?] (2001-04-24)
data dictionary file "database" (DDF) A set of files describing the structure of a {database} file. DDFs define {database tables} and include information about file locations, field layouts and indexes. DDFs are the standard method for defining field and index characteristics for {Btrieve} files. (1997-06-03)
data structure "data, programming" Any method of organising a collection of {data} to allow it to be manipulated effectively. It may include {meta} data to describe the properties of the structure. Examples data structures are: {array}, {dictionary}, {graph}, {hash}, {heap}, {linked list}, {matrix}, {object}, {queue}, {ring}, {stack}, {tree}, {vector}. (2003-09-11)
DD 1. "storage" {double density}. 2. "database" {data dictionary}. 3. "programming" {Deployment Descriptor}. (2005-01-26)
deas ::: n. --> See Dais. html{color:
deep-waisted ::: a. --> Having a deep waist, as when, in a ship, the poop and forecastle are much elevated above the deck. html{color:
dendritic ::: a. --> Alt. of Dendritical html{color:
Denis Howe "person" Denis B. Howe (1960 -) Editor of the {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}. (2008-03-26)
devi ::: n. --> ; fem. of Deva. A goddess. html{color:
di- ::: --> A prefix, signifying twofold, double, twice
denoting two atoms, radicals, groups, or equivalents, as the case may be. See Bi-, 2.
A prefix denoting through; also, between, apart, asunder, across. Before a vowel dia-becomes di-; as, diactinic; dielectric, etc. html{color:
dictionaries ::: pl. --> of Dictionary
Dictionary APL {Sharp APL}
Dictionary.com gives us these definitions.
Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures "algorithm" (DADS) A dictionary of {algorithms}, algorithmic techniques, {data structures}, archetypal problems and related definitions started by Paul Black in 1998. {(https://xlinux.nist.gov/dads/)}. (2019-04-26)
Dictionary of Computing {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}
Dictionary of Sri Aurobindo's Yoga, Compiled by Late Sri M.P.Pandit, Published by Lotus Light Publications,USA
DICTIONARY OF SRI AUROBINDO’S YOGA
Dictionary of Terms from http://integralyoga-auroville.com/interactive/dictionarysee also Glossary of Sri Aurobindo's Terms
Digital Lempel Ziv 1 "algorithm" (DLZ1) A {Lempel-Ziv compression} {algorithm} which maps variable length input strings to variable length output symbols. During compression, the algorithm builds a dictionary of strings which is accessed by means of a {hash table}. Compression occurs when input data matches a string in the table and is replaced with the output symbol. DLZ1 is used on {Digital Linear Tape}. (1997-04-05)
dike To remove or disable a portion of something, as a wire from a computer or a subroutine from a program. A standard slogan is "When in doubt, dike it out". (The implication is that it is usually more effective to attack software problems by reducing complexity than by increasing it.) The word "dikes" is widely used among mechanics and engineers to mean "diagonal cutters", especially the heavy-duty metal-cutting version, but may also refer to a kind of wire-cutters used by electronics technicians. To "dike something out" means to use such cutters to remove something. Indeed, the TMRC Dictionary defined dike as "to attack with dikes". Among hackers this term has been metaphorically extended to informational objects such as sections of code. [{Jargon File}]
diplanar ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to two planes. html{color:
dipped ::: imp. & p. p. --> of Dip html{color:
Direct Inward Dialing "communications" (DID) A service offered by telephone companies which allows the last 3 or 4 digits of a phone number to be transmitted to the destination {exchange}. For example, a company could have 10 incoming lines, all with the number 234 000. If a caller dials 234 697, the call is sent to 234 000 (the company's exchange), and the digits 697 are transmitted. The company's exchange then routes the call to extension 697. This gives the impression of 1000 direct dial lines, whereas in fact there are only 10. Obviously, only 10 at a time can be used. This system is also used by {fax servers}. Instead of an exchange at the end of the 234 000 line, a computer running fax server software and {fax modem} cards uses the last three digits to identify the recipient of the fax. This allows 1000 people to have their own individual fax numbers, even though there is only one 'fax machine'. {Dictionary of PC Hardware and Data Communications Terms (http://ora.com/reference/dictionary/terms/D/Direct_Inward_Dialing.htm)}. (1997-06-29)
dispersive ::: a. --> Tending to disperse. html{color:
doffing ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of Doff html{color:
dogwash /dog'wosh/ (A quip in the "urgency" field of a very optional software change request, ca. 1982. It was something like "Urgency: Wash your dog first") A project of minimal priority, undertaken as an escape from more serious work. Many games and much {freeware} get written this way, including {this dictionary}. [{Jargon File}] (1994-12-08)
douter ::: n. --> An extinguisher for candles. html{color:
dout ::: v. t. --> To put out. html{color:
dove plant ::: --> A Central American orchid (Peristeria elata), having a flower stem five or six feet high, with numerous globose white fragrant flowers. The column in the center of the flower resembles a dove; -- called also Holy Spirit plant. html{color:
dragomans ::: pl. --> of Dragoman html{color:
drank ::: imp. --> of Drink.
of Drink ::: n. --> Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. html{color:
duchess ::: n. --> The wife or widow of a duke; also, a lady who has the sovereignty of a duchy in her own right. html{color:
duchy ::: n. --> The territory or dominions of a duke; a dukedom. html{color:
dziggetai ::: n. --> The kiang, a wild horse or wild ass of Thibet (Asinus hemionus). E () The fifth letter of the English alphabet. html{color:
Eksi Sozluk "web" ("Sour Dictionary") An online, Turkish, colaborative, hypertext dictionary. {Eksi Sozluk Home (http://sourtimes.org/)}. (2006-11-02)
electronic commerce "application, communications" (EC) The conducting of business communication and transactions over networks and through computers. As most restrictively defined, electronic commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services, and the transfer of funds, through digital communications. However EC also includes all inter-company and intra-company functions (such as marketing, finance, manufacturing, selling, and negotiation) that enable commerce and use {electronic mail}, {EDI}, file transfer, fax, {video conferencing}, {workflow}, or interaction with a remote computer. Electronic commerce also includes buying and selling over the {web} and the {Internet}, {electronic funds transfer}, {smart cards}, {digital cash} (e.g. Mondex), and all other ways of doing business over digital networks. [{Electronic Commerce Dictionary}]. (1995-10-08)
Electronic Commerce Dictionary "publication" A lexicon of {electronic commerce} terms. It includes over 900 terms and acronyms, and over 200 {website} addresses. It has entries on commerce over the {World-Wide Web}, {Internet} payment systems, The {National Information Infrastructure}, {Electronic Data Interchange}, {Electronic Funds Transfer}, {Public Key Cryptography}, {smart cards} and {digital cash}, computer and network security for commerce, marketing through electronic media. {(http://tedhaynes.com/haynes1/intro.html)}. (1999-03-24)
electronic data interchange "application, communications" (EDI) The exchange of standardised document forms between computer systems for business use. EDI is part of {electronic commerce}. EDI is most often used between different companies ("trading partners") and uses some variation of the {ANSI X12} {standard} (USA) or {EDIFACT} (UN sponsored global standard). [{Electronic Commerce Dictionary}]. (1995-10-06)
electronic mail "messaging" (e-mail) Messages automatically passed from one computer user to another, often through computer {networks} and/or via {modems} over telephone lines. A message, especially one following the common {RFC 822} {standard}, begins with several lines of {headers}, followed by a blank line, and the body of the message. Most e-mail systems now support the {MIME} {standard} which allows the message body to contain "{attachments}" of different kinds rather than just one block of plain {ASCII} text. It is conventional for the body to end with a {signature}. Headers give the name and {electronic mail address} of the sender and recipient(s), the time and date when it was sent and a subject. There are many other headers which may get added by different {message handling systems} during delivery. The message is "composed" by the sender, usually using a special program - a "{Mail User Agent}" (MUA). It is then passed to some kind of "{Message Transfer Agent}" (MTA) - a program which is responsible for either delivering the message locally or passing it to another MTA, often on another {host}. MTAs on different hosts on a network often communicate using {SMTP}. The message is eventually delivered to the recipient's {mailbox} - normally a file on his computer - from where he can read it using a mail reading program (which may or may not be the same {MUA} as used by the sender). Contrast {snail-mail}, {paper-net}, {voice-net}. The form "email" is also common, but is less suggestive of the correct pronunciation and derivation than "e-mail". The word is used as a noun for the concept ("Isn't e-mail great?", "Are you on e-mail?"), a collection of (unread) messages ("I spent all night reading my e-mail"), and as a verb meaning "to send (something in) an e-mail message" ("I'll e-mail you (my report)"). The use of "an e-mail" as a count noun for an e-mail message, and plural "e-mails", is now (2000) also well established despite the fact that "mail" is definitely a mass noun. Oddly enough, the word "emailed" is actually listed in the Oxford English Dictionary. It means "embossed (with a raised pattern) or arranged in a net work". A use from 1480 is given. The word is derived from French "emmailleure", network. Also, "email" is German for enamel. {The story of the first e-mail message (http://pretext.com/mar98/features/story2.htm)}. {How data travels around the world (http://www.akita.co.uk/movement-of-data)} (2014-10-07)
elmen ::: a. --> Belonging to elms. html{color:
entozoon ::: n. --> One of the Entozoa. html{color:
etymologicon ::: n. --> An etymological dictionary or manual.
extradictionary ::: a. --> Consisting not in words, but in realities.
eyght ::: n. --> An island. See Eyot. html{color:
eyot ::: n. --> A little island in a river or lake. See Ait. html{color:
feathered ::: imp. & p. p. --> of Feather ::: a. --> Clothed, covered, or fitted with (or as with) feathers or wings; as, a feathered animal; a feathered arrow.
Furnished with anything featherlike; ornamented; fringed; as, land feathered with trees. html{color:
feather ::: n. --> One of the peculiar dermal appendages, of several kinds, belonging to birds, as contour feathers, quills, and down.
Kind; nature; species; -- from the proverbial phrase, "Birds of a feather," that is, of the same species.
The fringe of long hair on the legs of the setter and some other dogs.
A tuft of peculiar, long, frizzly hair on a horse.
One of the fins or wings on the shaft of an arrow. html{color:
feat ::: n. --> An act; a deed; an exploit.
A striking act of strength, skill, or cunning; a trick; as, feats of horsemanship, or of dexterity.
Dexterous in movements or service; skillful; neat; nice; pretty. ::: v. t. html{color:
fecundity ::: n. --> The quality or power of producing fruit; fruitfulness; especially (Biol.), the quality in female organisms of reproducing rapidly and in great numbers.
The power of germinating; as in seeds.
The power of bringing forth in abundance; fertility; richness of invention; as, the fecundity of God&
Flash Lights Impressively "programming, humour" (FLI) /FLY/ A joke {assembly language} instruction first documented in the late 1970s in "The Hackers Dictionary". The FLI instruction was frequently referred to by engineers when {minicomputers} such as the DEC {PDP-8}, {PDP-11} and some early {microcomputers} such as the {IMSAI} and {Altair} had dozens of front panel lights. "When the computer is about to do some long I/O operation, stick in a FLI so the accountants won't think the machine has hung again." (2004-08-23)
fnese ::: v. i. --> To breathe heavily; to snort. html{color:
foisty ::: a. --> Fusty; musty. html{color:
FOLDOC {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}
fo ::: n. --> The Chinese name of Buddha. html{color:
foo "jargon" /foo/ A sample name for absolutely anything, especially programs and files (especially {scratch files}). First on the standard list of {metasyntactic variables} used in {syntax} examples. See also {bar}, {baz}, {qux}, quux, {corge}, {grault}, {garply}, {waldo}, {fred}, {plugh}, {xyzzy}, {thud}. The etymology of "foo" is obscure. When used in connection with "bar" it is generally traced to the WWII-era Army slang acronym {FUBAR}, later bowdlerised to {foobar}. However, the use of the word "foo" itself has more complicated antecedents, including a long history in comic strips and cartoons. "FOO" often appeared in the "Smokey Stover" comic strip by Bill Holman. This surrealist strip about a fireman appeared in various American comics including "Everybody's" between about 1930 and 1952. FOO was often included on licence plates of cars and in nonsense sayings in the background of some frames such as "He who foos last foos best" or "Many smoke but foo men chew". Allegedly, "FOO" and "BAR" also occurred in Walt Kelly's "Pogo" strips. In the 1938 cartoon "The Daffy Doc", a very early version of Daffy Duck holds up a sign saying "SILENCE IS FOO!". Oddly, this seems to refer to some approving or positive affirmative use of foo. It has been suggested that this might be related to the Chinese word "fu" (sometimes transliterated "foo"), which can mean "happiness" when spoken with the proper tone (the lion-dog guardians flanking the steps of many Chinese restaurants are properly called "fu dogs"). Earlier versions of this entry suggested the possibility that hacker usage actually sprang from "FOO, Lampoons and Parody", the title of a comic book first issued in September 1958, a joint project of Charles and Robert Crumb. Though Robert Crumb (then in his mid-teens) later became one of the most important and influential artists in underground comics, this venture was hardly a success; indeed, the brothers later burned most of the existing copies in disgust. The title FOO was featured in large letters on the front cover. However, very few copies of this comic actually circulated, and students of Crumb's "oeuvre" have established that this title was a reference to the earlier Smokey Stover comics. An old-time member reports that in the 1959 "Dictionary of the TMRC Language", compiled at {TMRC} there was an entry that went something like this: FOO: The first syllable of the sacred chant phrase "FOO MANE PADME HUM." Our first obligation is to keep the foo counters turning. For more about the legendary foo counters, see {TMRC}. Almost the entire staff of what became the {MIT} {AI LAB} was involved with TMRC, and probably picked the word up there. Another correspondant cites the nautical construction "foo-foo" (or "poo-poo"), used to refer to something effeminate or some technical thing whose name has been forgotten, e.g. "foo-foo box", "foo-foo valve". This was common on ships by the early nineteenth century. Very probably, hackish "foo" had no single origin and derives through all these channels from Yiddish "feh" and/or English "fooey". [{Jargon File}] (1998-04-16)
fourneau ::: n. --> The chamber of a mine in which the powder is placed. html{color:
fowled ::: imp. & p. p. --> of Fowl html{color:
Free On-line Dictionary {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}
Free On-line Dictionary of Computing "introduction" FOLDOC is a searchable dictionary of acronyms, jargon, programming languages, tools, architecture, operating systems, networking, theory, conventions, standards, mathematics, telecoms, electronics, institutions, companies, projects, products, history, in fact anything to do with computing. Copyright 1985 by Denis Howe Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, Front- or Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "{GNU Free Documentation License}". Please refer to the dictionary as "The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, http://foldoc.org/, Editor Denis Howe" or similar. Please make the URL both text (for humans) and a hyperlink (for Google). You can search the latest version of the dictionary at URL http://foldoc.org/. Where {LaTeX} commands for certain non-{ASCII} symbols are mentioned, they are described in their own entries. "\" is also used to represent the Greek lower-case lambda used in {lambda-calculus}. See {Pronunciation} for how to interpret the pronunciation given for some entries. Cross-references to other entries look {like this}. Note that not all cross-references actually lead anywhere yet, but if you find one that leads to something inappropriate, please let me know. Dates after entries indicate when that entry was last updated. {More about FOLDOC (about.html)}. (2018-05-22)
free software "software" Software that everyone is free to copy, redistribute and modify. That implies free software must be available as {source code}, hence "free open source software" - "FOSS". It is usually also free of charge, though anyone can sell free software so long as they don't impose any new restrictions on its redistribution or use. The widespread acceptance of this definition and free software itself owes a great deal to {Richard Stallman} and the {Free Software Foundation}. There are many other kinds of "free software" in the sense of "free of charge". See "{-ware}". {This dictionary} is free in both senses, though since it is documentation not {software} it is distributed under the {GFDL}. (2007-02-09)
frere ::: n. --> A friar. html{color:
frippery ::: n. --> Coast-off clothes.
Hence: Secondhand finery; cheap and tawdry decoration; affected elegance.
A place where old clothes are sold.
The trade or traffic in old clothes. ::: a. html{color:
friskful ::: a. --> Brisk; lively; frolicsome. html{color:
fromwards ::: prep. --> A way from; -- the contrary of toward. html{color:
frugivorous ::: a. --> Feeding on fruit, as birds and other animals. html{color:
gairishly ::: n. --> Alt. of Gairish/ness html{color:
gazetteer ::: n. --> A writer of news, or an officer appointed to publish news by authority.
A newspaper; a gazette.
A geographical dictionary; a book giving the names and descriptions, etc., of many places.
An alphabetical descriptive list of anything.
genre ::: n. --> A style of painting, sculpture, or other imitative art, which illustrates everyday life and manners. html{color:
Geographic Information System "application" (GIS) A computer system for capturing, storing, checking, integrating, manipulating, analysing and displaying data related to positions on the Earth's surface. Typically, a GIS is used for handling maps of one kind or another. These might be represented as several different layers where each layer holds data about a particular kind of feature (e.g. roads). Each feature is linked to a position on the graphical image of a map. Layers of data are organised to be studied and to perform statistical analysis (i.e. a layer of customer locations could include fields for Name, Address, Contact, Number, Area). Uses are primarily government related, town planning, local authority and public utility management, environmental, resource management, engineering, business, marketing, and distribution. {GIS dictionary (http://geo.ed.ac.uk/root/agidict/html/welcome.html)}. {(http://ncl.ac.uk/~ngraphic/wotzagis.html)}. (1995-12-21)
glabella ::: n. --> The space between the eyebrows, also including the corresponding part of the frontal bone; the mesophryon. ::: pl. --> of Glabellum html{color:
glatified ::: a. --> Pleased; indulged according to desire. html{color:
globigerina ::: n. --> A genus of small Foraminifera, which live abundantly at or near the surface of the sea. Their dead shells, falling to the bottom, make up a large part of the soft mud, generally found in depths below 3,000 feet, and called globigerina ooze. See Illust. of Foraminifera. html{color:
glossary ::: a list of terms in a special subject, field, or area of usage, with accompanying definitions; a partial dictionary.
glossary ::: n. --> A collection of glosses or explanations of words and passages of a work or author; a partial dictionary of a work, an author, a dialect, art, or science, explaining archaic, technical, or other uncommon words.
GNU Free Documentation License "legal" (GFDL) The {Free Software Foundation}'s license designed to ensure the same freedoms for {documentation} that the {GPL} gives to {software}. This dictionary is distributed under the GFDL, see the copyright notice in the {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing} section (at the start of the source file). The full text follows. Version 1.1, March 2000 Copyright 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 0. PREAMBLE The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. 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TERMINATION You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See {here (http://gnu.org/copyleft/)}. Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. End of full text of GFDL. (2002-03-09)
gonotheca ::: n. --> A capsule developed on certain hydroids (Thecaphora), inclosing the blastostyle upon which the medusoid buds or gonophores are developed; -- called also gonangium, and teleophore. See Hydroidea, and Illust. of Campanularian. html{color:
googol "mathematics" The number represented in base-ten by a one with a hundred zeroes after it. According to Webster's Dictionary, the name was coined in 1938 by Milton Sirotta, the nine-year-old nephew of American mathematician, Edward Kasner. See also {googolplex}. (2001-03-29)
gradus ::: n. --> A dictionary of prosody, designed as an aid in writing Greek or Latin poetry.
gravery ::: n. --> The act, process, or art, of graving or carving; engraving. html{color:
gudgeon ::: n. --> A small European freshwater fish (Gobio fluviatilis), allied to the carp. It is easily caught and often used for food and for bait. In America the killifishes or minnows are often called gudgeons.
What may be got without skill or merit.
A person easily duped or cheated.
The pin of iron fastened in the end of a wooden shaft or axle, on which it turns; formerly, any journal, or pivot, or bearing, as the pintle and eye of a hinge, but esp. the end journal of a html{color:
gue ::: n. --> A sharper; a rogue. html{color:
gunstome ::: n. --> A cannon ball; -- so called because originally made of stone. html{color:
gynophore ::: n. --> The pedicel raising the pistil or ovary above the stamens, as in the passion flower.
One of the branches bearing the female gonophores, in certain Siphonophora. html{color:
haily ::: a. --> Of hail. html{color:
haitic ::: a. --> Pertaining to Ham or his descendants. html{color:
hakim ::: n. --> A wise man; a physician, esp. a Mohammedan.
A Mohammedan title for a ruler; a judge. html{color:
hamulus ::: n. --> A hook, or hooklike process.
A hooked barbicel of a feather. html{color:
hanuman ::: n. --> See Hoonoomaun. html{color:
hardy ::: a. --> Bold; brave; stout; daring; resolu?e; intrepid.
Confident; full of assurance; in a bad sense, morally hardened; shameless.
Strong; firm; compact.
Inured to fatigue or hardships; strong; capable of endurance; as, a hardy veteran; a hardy mariner.
Able to withstand the cold of winter. html{color:
harslet ::: n. --> See Haslet. html{color:
hearselike ::: a. --> Suitable to a funeral. html{color:
hemuse ::: n. --> The roebuck in its third year. html{color:
hoboy ::: n. --> A hautboy or oboe. html{color:
hodgepodge ::: n. --> A mixed mass; a medley. See Hotchpot. html{color:
hoful ::: a. --> Careful; wary. html{color:
hook-billed ::: a. --> Having a strongly curved bill. html{color:
hoplite ::: n. --> A heavy-armed infantry soldier. html{color:
hoult ::: n. --> A piece of woodland; a small wood. [Obs.] See Holt. html{color:
href "web" ({hypertext} reference) The attribute of an {HTML} "a" (anchor or link) tag, whose value gives the {URL} of the {web page} or other resource that the link points to. For example, "a href="http://foldoc.org/""FOLDOC href definition"/a" would display an anchor pointing to this dictionary. (2008-02-22)
https://allpsych.com/dictionary/
hunks ::: n. --> A covetous, sordid man; a miser; a niggard. html{color:
hypertext link "hypertext" (Or "{hyperlink}", "button", formerly "span", "region", "extent") A pointer from within the content of one {hypertext} {node} (e.g. a {web page}) to another node. In {HTML} (the language used to write web pages), the source and destination of a {link} are known as "anchors". A source anchor may be a word, phrase, image or the whole node. A destination anchor may be a whole node or some position within the node. A {hypertext browser} displays source anchors in some distinctive way. When the user activates the link (e.g. by clicking on it with the {mouse}), the browser displays the destination anchor to which the link refers. Anchors should be recognisable at all times, not, for example, only when the mouse is over them. Originally links were always underlined but the modern preference is to use {bold} text. In {HTML}, anchors are created with "a..".."/a" anchor elements. The opening "a" tag of a source anchor has an "href" (hypertext reference) {attribute} giving the destination in the form of a {URL} - usually a whole "page". E.g. "a href="http://foldoc.org/"" Free On-line Dictionary of Computing"/a" Destination anchors can be used in HTML to name a position within a page using a "name" attribute. E.g. "a name="chapter3"" The name or "fragment identifier" is appended to the URL of the page after a "
hythe ::: n. --> A small haven. See Hithe. I () I, the ninth letter of the English alphabet, takes its form from the Phoenician, through the Latin and the Greek. The Phoenician letter was probably of Egyptian origin. Its original value was nearly the same as that of the Italian I, or long e as in mete. Etymologically I is most closely related to e, y, j, g; as in dint, dent, beverage, L. bibere; E. kin, AS. cynn; E. thin, AS. /ynne; E. dominion, donjon, dungeon. html{color:
IBM PC "computer" International Business Machines Personal Computer. IBM PCs and compatible models from other vendors are the most widely used computer systems in the world. They are typically single user {personal computers}, although they have been adapted into multi-user models for special applications. Note: "IBM PC" is used in this dictionary to denote IBM and compatible personal computers, and to distinguish these from other {personal computers}, though the phrase "PC" is often used elsewhere, by those who know no better, to mean "IBM PC or compatible". There are hundreds of models of IBM compatible computers. They are based on {Intel}'s {microprocessors}: {Intel 8086}, {Intel 8088}, {Intel 80286}, {Intel 80386}, {Intel 486} or {Pentium}. The models of IBM's first-generation Personal Computer (PC) series have names: IBM PC, {IBM PC XT}, {IBM PC AT}, Convertible and Portable. The models of its second generation, the Personal System/2 ({PS/2}), are known by model number: Model 25, Model 30. Within each series, the models are also commonly referenced by their {CPU} {clock rate}. All IBM personal computers are software compatible with each other in general, but not every program will work in every machine. Some programs are time sensitive to a particular speed class. Older programs will not take advantage of newer higher-resolution {display standards}. The speed of the {CPU} ({microprocessor}) is the most significant factor in machine performance. It is determined by its {clock rate} and the number of bits it can process internally. It is also determined by the number of bits it transfers across its {data bus}. The second major performance factor is the speed of the {hard disk}. {CAD} and other graphics-intensive {application programs} can be sped up with the addition of a mathematics {coprocessor}, a chip which plugs into a special socket available in almost all machines. {Intel 8086} and {Intel 8088}-based PCs require {EMS} (expanded memory) boards to work with more than one megabyte of memory. All these machines run under {MS-DOS}. The original {IBM PC AT} used an {Intel 80286} processor which can access up to 16 megabytes of memory (though standard {MS-DOS} applications cannot use more than one megabyte without {EMS}). {Intel 80286}-based computers running under {OS/2} can work with the maximum memory. Although IBM sells {printers} for PCs, most printers will work with them. As with display hardware, the software vendor must support a wide variety of printers. Each program must be installed with the appropriate {printer driver}. The original 1981 IBM PC's keyboard was severely criticised by typists for its non-standard placement of the return and left shift keys. In 1984, IBM corrected this on its AT keyboard, but shortened the backspace key, making it harder to reach. In 1987, it introduced its Enhanced keyboard, which relocated all the function keys and placed the control key in an awkward location for touch typists. The escape key was relocated to the opposite side of the keyboard. By relocating the function keys, IBM made it impossible for software vendors to use them intelligently. What's easy to reach on one keyboard is difficult on the other, and vice versa. To the touch typist, these deficiencies are maddening. An "IBM PC compatible" may have a keyboard which does not recognize every key combination a true IBM PC does, e.g. shifted cursor keys. In addition, the "compatible" vendors sometimes use proprietary keyboard interfaces, preventing you from replacing the keyboard. The 1981 PC had 360K {floppy disks}. In 1984, IBM introduced the 1.2 megabyte floppy disk along with its AT model. Although often used as {backup} storage, the high density floppy is not often used for interchangeability. In 1986, IBM introduced the 720K 3.5" microfloppy disk on its Convertible {laptop computer}. It introduced the 1.44 megabyte double density version with the PS/2 line. These disk drives can be added to existing PCs. Fixed, non-removable, {hard disks} for IBM compatibles are available with storage capacities from 20 to over 600 megabytes. If a hard disk is added that is not compatible with the existing {disk controller}, a new controller board must be plugged in. However, one disk's internal standard does not conflict with another, since all programs and data must be copied onto it to begin with. Removable hard disks that hold at least 20 megabytes are also available. When a new peripheral device, such as a {monitor} or {scanner}, is added to an IBM compatible, a corresponding, new controller board must be plugged into an {expansion slot} (in the bus) in order to electronically control its operation. The PC and XT had eight-bit busses; the AT had a 16-bit bus. 16-bit boards will not fit into 8-bit slots, but 8-bit boards will fit into 16-bit slots. {Intel 80286} and {Intel 80386} computers provide both 8-bit and 16-bit slots, while the 386s also have proprietary 32-bit memory slots. The bus in high-end models of the PS/2 line is called "{Micro Channel}". {EISA} is a non-IBM rival to Micro Channel. The original IBM PC came with {BASIC} in {ROM}. Later, Basic and BasicA were distributed on floppy but ran and referenced routines in ROM. IBM PC and PS/2 models PC range Intro CPU Features PC Aug 1981 8088 Floppy disk system XT Mar 1983 8088 Slow hard disk XT/370 Oct 1983 8088 IBM 370 mainframe emulation 3270 PC Oct 1983 8088 with 3270 terminal emulation PCjr Nov 1983 8088 Floppy-based home computer PC Portable Feb 1984 8088 Floppy-based portable AT Aug 1984 286 Medium-speed hard disk Convertible Apr 1986 8088 Microfloppy laptop portable XT 286 Sep 1986 286 Slow hard disk PS/2 range Intro CPU Features Model 1987-08-25 8086 PC bus (limited expansion) Model 1987-04-30 8086 PC bus Model 30 1988-09-286 286 PC bus Model 1987-04-50 286 Micro Channel bus Model 50Z Jun 1988 286 Faster Model 50 Model 55 SX May 1989 386SX Micro Channel bus Model 1987-04-60 286 Micro Channel bus Model 1988-06-70 386 Desktop, Micro Channel bus Model P1989-05-70 386 Portable, Micro Channel bus Model 1987-04-80 386 Tower, Micro Channel bus IBM PC compatible specifications CPU CPU Clock Bus Floppy Hard bus speed width RAM disk disk OS bit Mhz bit byte inch byte Mbyte 8088 16 4.8-9.5 8 1M* 5.25 360K 10-40 DOS 3.5 720K 3.5 1.44M 8086 16 6-12 16 1M* 20-60 286 16 6-25 16 1-8M* 5.25 360K 20-300 DOS 5.25 1.2M OS/2 386 32 16-33 32 1-16M** 3.5 720K Unix 3.5 1.44M 40-600 386SX 32 16-33 16 1-16M** 40-600 *Under DOS, RAM is expanded beyond 1M with EMS memory boards **Under DOS, RAM is expanded beyond 1M with normal "extended" memory and a memory management program. See also {BIOS}, {display standard}. (1995-05-12)
idioticon ::: n. --> A dictionary of a peculiar dialect, or of the words and phrases peculiar to one part of a country; a glossary.
In articles in this dictionary by the present writer the word proposition is to be understood in sense (b) above. This still leaves an element of ambiguity, since common usage does not always determine of two sentences whether they are strictly synonymous or merely logically equivalent. For a particular language or logistic system, this ambiguity may be resolved in various ways. -- A.C.
infobot "chat" A {bot} that serves as a common database of information (often noteworthy {URLs}) for users on a {chat} system. Infobots often have a simple {chatbot interface}, responding to key-phrases, as well as to direct queries. Here, in a real conversation, the bot Purl's first response is triggered by the phrase "just tell me", and its second response is triggered by being directly asked "perlfunc?": "eesh" can someone tell me what: $num9 = substr($number,9,1); means "Tkil" eesh -- man perlfunc, look at "substr". "eesh" just tell me "purl" Didn't your momma ever tell you, "Go look it up in the dictionary"?! "Tkil" eesh -- no. that's all we'll tell you. read the documentation. "Tkil" eesh -- if you haven't man pages or perldoc, you can read them on the 'net. "Tkil" purl, perlfunc? "purl" well, perlfunc is Perl builtin functions, at man perlfunc or http://perl.com/CPAN-local/doc/manual/html/pod/perlfunc.html {(http://cs.cmu.edu/~lenzo/infobot.html/)}. (1998-10-30)
Information Innovation A group of companies with offices in Amsterdam and New York which acts as an information filter for the {web}. They analyse what happens in the Web community and organise the Web's information so that it is accessible and efficient to use. Information Innovation provides: "The Management Guide" - a guide for managers in the information age. The Guide consists of 22 parts, each concentrating on a particular technology or issue facing managers. Topics range from {Artificial Intelligence} and Telecommunications to Finance and Marketing. Each part contains references to additional valuable information, including {CD ROMs}, conferences, magazines, articles and books. "The Hypergraphic Matrix" - a "hypergraphic" matrix of 250 graphics discussing the interrelationships between technology, change, business functions and specific industries. "Dictionary" - the largest Internet dictionary on management and technology. "The Delphi Oracle" - a comprehensive guide to the latest management ideas and issues. Over 500 articles and books have been read, analysed, rated and catalogued. "Management Software" - a guide to software which is useful to managers. Both Web software, Internet software and commecial products are included in this guide. "The Web Word" - an information service about the Web. It includes a regular newsletter and databases about Web resources, news, interviews with Web personalities and, of course, the most comprehensive guide to sites. "Web Bibliography" - a guide to the latest Web information printed. Over 150 articles, magazines, market research reports and books are catalogued. "The Power Launch Pad" - our own list of useful sites on the Web. Also includes links to our own lists of special subjects such as Finance, Telecommunications, Manufacturing, Technology and so forth. {(http://euro.net/innovation/WelcomeHP.html)}. E-mail: "innovation@euronet.nl". (1994-10-27)
INTERCAL "language, humour" /in't*r-kal/ (Said by the authors to stand for "Compiler Language With No Pronounceable Acronym"). Possibly the most elaborate and long-lived joke in the history of programming languages. It was designed on 1972-05-26 by Don Woods and Jim Lyons at Princeton University. INTERCAL is purposely different from all other computer languages in all ways but one; it is purely a written language, being totally unspeakable. The INTERCAL Reference Manual, describing features of horrifying uniqueness, became an underground classic. An excerpt will make the style of the language clear: It is a well-known and oft-demonstrated fact that a person whose work is incomprehensible is held in high esteem. For example, if one were to state that the simplest way to store a value of 65536 in a 32-bit INTERCAL variable is: DO :1 "-
In this article we explore definitions of the words ‘artifice’ and ‘artificer’ from various dictionary sources, their use in two poems, one by Marge Percy, The Bonsai Tree and the other, Sailing to Byzantium by William Butler Yeats, followed by all the brilliant uses by Sri Aurobindo in his magnum opus, Savitri.
IRDS Information Resource Dictionary System. A set of ISO standards for CASE repositories. It governs the definition of data dictionaries to be implemented on top of relational databases (see repository, data dictionary).
irvingite ::: n. --> The common designation of one a sect founded by the Rev. Edward Irving (about 1830), who call themselves the Catholic Apostolic Church. They are highly ritualistic in worship, have an elaborate hierarchy of apostles, prophets, etc., and look for the speedy coming of Christ. html{color:
jackmen ::: pl. --> of Jackman html{color:
jamdani ::: n. --> A silk fabric, with a woven pattern of sprigs of flowers. html{color:
James' definition of pragmatism, written for Baldwin's Dictionary of Philosophy, is simply a restatement, or "exegesis", of Peirce's definition (see first definition listed above) appearing in the same place. The resemblance between their positions is illustrated by their common insistence upon the feasibility and desirability of resolving metaphysical problems by practical distinctions, unprejudiced by dogmatic presuppositions, their willingness to put every question to the test. "The pragmatic method", says James, "tries to interpret each notion by tracing its respective practical consequences. . . . If no practical difference whatever can be traced", between two alternatives, they "mean practically the same thing, and all dispute is idle". (Pragmatism, p. 45. See also Chapters III and IV.)
Jargon File "jargon, publication, humour" The on-line hacker Jargon File maintained by {Eric S. Raymond}. A large collection of definitions of computing terms, including much wit, wisdom, and history. {Many definitions (/contents/jargon.html)} in {this dictionary} are from v3.0.0 of 1993-07-27. {Jargon File Home (http://catb.org/jargon/)}. See also {Yellow Book, Jargon}. (2014-08-14)
jargon "human language, jargon" Language specific to some field of human endeavour, in this case, computing, that might not be understood by those outside that area. {This dictionary} contains many {examples of jargon (/contents/jargon.html)}. The {Jargon File} is the definitive collection of computing jargon. (2014-09-01)
Jean E. Sammet "person" Author of several surveys of early programming languages, refererred to in many entries in this dictionary. E-mail: sammet@vtvm1.cc.vt.edu Relevant publications include: [Sammet, Jean E., "Programming Languages: History and Fundamentals", P-H 1969. QA76.5 .S213]. The definitive work on early computer language development. [Sammet, Jean E., "Programming Languages: History and Future", CACM 15(7):601-610, Jul 1972]. [Sammet, Jean E., "Roster of Programming Languages" Computers & Automation 16(6):80-82, June 1967; Computers & Automation 17(6):120-123, June 1968; Computers & Automation 18(7):153-158, June 1969; Computers & Automation 19(6B):6-11, 30 Nov 1970; Computers & Automation 20(6B):6-13, 30 Jun, 1971; Computers & Automation 21(6B), 30 Aug 1972; Computing Reviews 15(4): 147-160, April 1974; CACM 19(12):655-669, Dec 1976; SIGPLAN Notices 13(11):56, Nov 1978]. (1998-10-03)
jet-black ::: a. --> Black as jet; deep black. html{color:
jetsam ::: n. --> Alt. of Jetson html{color:
jetty ::: a. --> Made of jet, or like jet in color. ::: n. --> A part of a building that jets or projects beyond the rest, and overhangs the wall below.
A wharf or pier extending from the shore.
A structure of wood or stone extended into the sea to html{color:
johannisberger ::: n. --> A fine white wine produced on the estate of Schloss (or Castle) Johannisberg, on the Rhine. html{color:
jorum ::: n. --> A large drinking vessel; also, its contents. html{color:
kinetogenesis ::: n. --> An instrument for producing curves by the combination of circular movements; -- called also kinescope. html{color:
kluge "jargon" /klooj/, /kluhj/ (From German "klug" /kloog/ - clever and Scottish "{kludge}") 1. A Rube Goldberg (or Heath Robinson) device, whether in {hardware} or {software}. The spelling "kluge" (as opposed to "kludge") was used in connection with computers as far back as the mid-1950s and, at that time, was used exclusively of *hardware* kluges. 2. "programming" A clever programming trick intended to solve a particular nasty case in an expedient, if not clear, manner. Often used to repair bugs. Often involves {ad-hockery} and verges on being a {crock}. In fact, the TMRC Dictionary defined "kludge" as "a crock that works". 3. Something that works for the wrong reason. 4. ({WPI}) A {feature} that is implemented in a {rude} manner. In 1947, the "New York Folklore Quarterly" reported a classic shaggy-dog story "Murgatroyd the Kluge Maker" then current in the Armed Forces, in which a "kluge" was a complex and puzzling artifact with a trivial function. Other sources report that "kluge" was common Navy slang in the WWII era for any piece of electronics that worked well on shore but consistently failed at sea. However, there is reason to believe this slang use may be a decade older. Several respondents have connected it to the brand name of a device called a "Kluge paper feeder" dating back at least to 1935, an adjunct to mechanical printing presses. The Kluge feeder was designed before small, cheap electric motors and control electronics; it relied on a fiendishly complex assortment of cams, belts, and linkages to both power and synchronise all its operations from one motive driveshaft. It was accordingly tempermental, subject to frequent breakdowns, and devilishly difficult to repair - but oh, so clever! One traditional folk etymology of "klugen" makes it the name of a design engineer; in fact, "Kluge" is a surname in German, and the designer of the Kluge feeder may well have been the man behind this myth. {TMRC} and the MIT hacker culture of the early 1960s seems to have developed in a milieu that remembered and still used some WWII military slang (see also {foobar}). It seems likely that "kluge" came to MIT via alumni of the many military electronics projects run in Cambridge during the war (many in MIT's venerable Building 20, which housed {TMRC} until the building was demolished in 1999). [{Jargon File}] (2002-10-02)
kytoplasma ::: n. --> See Karyoplasma. L () L is the twelfth letter of the English alphabet, and a vocal consonant. It is usually called a semivowel or liquid. Its form and value are from the Greek, through the Latin, the form of the Greek letter being from the Phoenician, and the ultimate origin prob. Egyptian. Etymologically, it is most closely related to r and u; as in pilgrim, peregrine, couch (fr. collocare), aubura (fr. LL. alburnus). html{color:
labara ::: pl. --> of Labarum html{color:
ladied ::: a. --> Ladylike; not rough; gentle. html{color:
ladrone ::: n. --> A robber; a pirate; hence, loosely, a rogue or rascal. html{color:
lamasery ::: n. --> A monastery or convent of lamas, in Thibet, Mongolia, etc. html{color:
languaging ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of Language html{color:
larixinic ::: a. --> Of, or derived from, the larch (Larix); as, larixinic acid. html{color:
lavrock ::: n. --> Same as Laverock. html{color:
leontodon ::: n. --> A genus of liguliflorous composite plants, including the fall dandelion (L. autumnale), and formerly the true dandelion; -- called also lion&
lexicographer ::: n. --> The author or compiler of a lexicon or dictionary.
lexicography ::: n. --> The art, process, or occupation of making a lexicon or dictionary; the principles which are applied in making dictionaries.
lexicon ::: n. --> A vocabulary, or book containing an alphabetical arrangement of the words in a language or of a considerable number of them, with the definition of each; a dictionary; especially, a dictionary of the Greek, Hebrew, or Latin language.
libatory ::: a. --> Pertaining to libation. html{color:
lid ::: n. --> That which covers the opening of a vessel or box, etc.; a movable cover; as, the lid of a chest or trunk.
The cover of the eye; an eyelid.
The cover of the spore cases of mosses.
A calyx which separates from the flower, and falls off in a single piece, as in the Australian Eucalypti.
The top of an ovary which opens transversely, as in the fruit of the purslane and the tree which yields Brazil nuts. html{color:
lightning ::: n. --> A discharge of atmospheric electricity, accompanied by a vivid flash of light, commonly from one cloud to another, sometimes from a cloud to the earth. The sound produced by the electricity in passing rapidly through the atmosphere constitutes thunder.
The act of making bright, or the state of being made bright; enlightenment; brightening, as of the mental powers. ::: vb. n. html{color:
liman ::: n. --> The deposit of slime at the mouth of a river; slime. html{color:
linum ::: n. --> A genus of herbaceous plants including the flax (Linum usitatissimum). html{color:
lionly ::: a. --> Like a lion; fierce. html{color:
liza ::: n. --> The American white mullet (Mugil curema). html{color:
llanos ::: pl. --> of Llano html{color:
loess ::: n. --> A quaternary deposit, usually consisting of a fine yellowish earth, on the banks of the Rhine and other large rivers. html{color:
Logical Unit 6.2 "networking" (LU6.2) A type of {logical unit} that governs peer-to-peer {SNA} communications. LU6.2 supports general communication between programs in a distributed processing environment. LU6.2 is characterised by a {peer} relationship between {session partners}, efficient use of a session for multiple {transactions}, comprehensive end-to-end error processing and a generic {application program interface} consisting of {structured verbs} that are mapped into a product inplementation. LU6.2 is used by {IBM}'s {TPF} {operating system}. [IBM Dictionary of Computing, McGraw-Hill 1993]. (1996-08-26)
lough ::: n. --> A loch or lake; -- so spelt in Ireland. ::: obs. strong imp. --> of Laugh. html{color:
love "humour" What some users feel for computers. "There is no truth in the rumour that I love computers, it's just what I tell them to get them to bed." -- Terry Pratchett [What did you expect in a computing dictionary?] (2007-05-11)
lytta ::: n. --> A fibrous and muscular band lying within the longitudinal axis of the tongue in many mammals, as the dog. M () M, the thirteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant, and from the manner of its formation, is called the labio-nasal consonant. See Guide to Pronunciation, // 178-180, 242. html{color:
LZ77 compression The first {algorithm} to use the {Lempel-Ziv} {substitutional compression} schemes, proposed in 1977. LZ77 compression keeps track of the last n bytes of data seen, and when a phrase is encountered that has already been seen, it outputs a pair of values corresponding to the position of the phrase in the previously-seen buffer of data, and the length of the phrase. In effect the compressor moves a fixed-size "window" over the data (generally referred to as a "sliding window"), with the position part of the (position, length) pair referring to the position of the phrase within the window. The most commonly used {algorithms} are derived from the {LZSS} scheme described by James Storer and Thomas Szymanski in 1982. In this the compressor maintains a window of size N bytes and a "lookahead buffer", the contents of which it tries to find a match for in the window: while (lookAheadBuffer not empty) { get a pointer (position, match) to the longest match in the window for the lookahead buffer; if (length " MINIMUM_MATCH_LENGTH) { output a (position, length) pair; shift the window length characters along; } else { output the first character in the lookahead buffer; shift the window 1 character along; } } Decompression is simple and fast: whenever a (POSITION, LENGTH) pair is encountered, go to that POSITION in the window and copy LENGTH bytes to the output. Sliding-window-based schemes can be simplified by numbering the input text characters mod N, in effect creating a circular buffer. The sliding window approach automatically creates the {LRU} effect which must be done explicitly in {LZ78} schemes. Variants of this method apply additional compression to the output of the LZSS compressor, which include a simple variable-length code ({LZB}), dynamic {Huffman coding} ({LZH}), and {Shannon-Fano} coding ({ZIP} 1.x), all of which result in a certain degree of improvement over the basic scheme, especially when the data are rather random and the LZSS compressor has little effect. An algorithm was developed which combines the ideas behind LZ77 and LZ78 to produce a hybrid called {LZFG}. LZFG uses the standard sliding window, but stores the data in a modified {trie} data structure and produces as output the position of the text in the trie. Since LZFG only inserts complete *phrases* into the dictionary, it should run faster than other LZ77-based compressors. All popular archivers ({arj}, {lha}, {zip}, {zoo}) are variations on LZ77. [comp.compression {FAQ}]. (1995-04-07)
LZ78 compression A {substitutional compression} scheme which works by entering phrases into a dictionary and then, when a reoccurrence of that particular phrase is found, outputting the dictionary index instead of the phrase. Several {algorithms} are based on this principle, differing mainly in the manner in which they manage the dictionary. The most well-known Lempel-Ziv scheme is Terry Welch's {Lempel-Ziv Welch} variant of LZ78. [comp.compression {FAQ}].
maian ::: n. --> Any spider crab of the genus Maia, or family Maiadae. html{color:
Management Information System "application" (MIS) A computer system, usually based on a {mainframe} or {minicomputer}, designed to provide management personnel with up-to-date information on an organisation's performance, e.g. inventory and sales. These systems output information in a form that is useable by managers at all levels of the organisation: strategic, tactical, and operational. A good example of an MIS report is an annual report for a stockholder (a scheduled report). [Que's Computer User's Dictionary Second Edition, 1992]. (2001-04-01)
mardi gras ::: n. --> The last day of Carnival; Shrove Tuesday; -- in some cities a great day of carnival and merrymaking. html{color:
marionette ::: n. --> A puppet moved by strings, as in a puppet show.
The buffel duck. html{color:
medical ::: a. --> Of, pertaining to, or having to do with, the art of healing disease, or the science of medicine; as, the medical profession; medical services; a medical dictionary; medical jurisprudence.
Containing medicine; used in medicine; medicinal; as, the medical properties of a plant.
meliaceous ::: a. --> Pertaining to a natural order (Meliacae) of plants of which the genus Melia is the type. It includes the mahogany and the Spanish cedar. html{color:
melon ::: n. --> The juicy fruit of certain cucurbitaceous plants, as the muskmelon, watermelon, and citron melon; also, the plant that produces the fruit.
A large, ornamental, marine, univalve shell of the genus Melo. html{color:
menial ::: n. --> Belonging to a retinue or train of servants; performing servile office; serving.
Pertaining to servants, esp. domestic servants; servile; low; mean.
A domestic servant or retainer, esp. one of humble rank; one employed in low or servile offices.
A person of a servile character or disposition. html{color:
mercat ::: n. --> Market; trade. html{color:
mesal ::: a. --> Same as Mesial. html{color:
mesogastrium ::: n. --> The umbilical region.
The mesogaster. html{color:
mesonotum ::: n. --> The dorsal portion of the mesothorax of insects. html{color:
metadata "data, data processing" /me't*-day`t*/, or combinations of /may'-/ or (Commonwealth) /mee'-/; /-dah`t*/ (Or "meta-data") Data about {data}. In {data processing}, metadata is definitional data that provides information about or documentation of other data managed within an application or environment. For example, metadata would document data about {data elements} or {attributes}, (name, size, data type, etc) and data about {records} or {data structures} (length, fields, columns, etc) and data about data (where it is located, how it is associated, ownership, etc.). Metadata may include descriptive information about the context, quality and condition, or characteristics of the data. A collection of metadata, e.g. in a {database}, is called a {data dictionary}. Myers of {The Metadata Company} claims to have coined the term in 1969 though it appears in the book, "Extension of programming language concepts" published in 1968, by {Philip R. Bagley}. Bagley was a pioneer of computer document retrieval. "A survey of extensible programming languages" by Solntsseff and Yezerski (Annual Review in Automatic Programming, 1974, pp267-307) cites "the notion of 'metadata' introduced by Bagley". (2010-05-15)
mida ::: n. --> The larva of the bean fly. html{color:
Missing definition "introduction" First, this is an (English language) __computing__ dictionary. It includes lots of terms from related fields such as mathematics and electronics, but if you're looking for (or want to submit) words from other subjects or general English words or other languages, try {(http://wikipedia.org/)}, {(http://onelook.com/)}, {(http://yourdictionary.com/)}, {(http://www.dictionarist.com/)} or {(http://reference.allrefer.com/)}. If you've already searched the dictionary for a computing term and it's not here then please __don't tell me__. There are, and always will be, a great many missing terms, no dictionary is ever complete. I use my limited time to process the corrections and definitions people have submitted and to add the {most frequently requested missing terms (missing.html)}. Try one of the sources mentioned above or {(http://techweb.com/encyclopedia/)}, {(http://whatis.techtarget.com/)} or {(http://google.com/)}. See {the Help page (help.html)} for more about missing definitions and bad cross-references. (2014-09-20)! {exclamation mark}!!!Batch "language, humour" A daft way of obfuscating text strings by encoding each character as a different number of {exclamation marks} surrounded by {question marks}, e.g. "d" is encoded as "?!!!!?". The language is named after the {MSDOS} {batch file} in which the first converter was written. {esoteric programming languages} {wiki entry (http://esolangs.org/wiki/!!!Batch)}. (2014-10-25)" {double quote}
mittent ::: a. --> Sending forth; emitting. html{color:
Mnemonics: (Gr. mnemonikos, pertaining to memory) An arbitrary framework or device for assisting the memory, e.g. the mnemonic verses summarizing the logically valid moods and figures of the syllogism. See J. M. Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, II, pp. 87-9. -- L.W.
monitrix ::: n. --> A female monitor. html{color:
monkery ::: n. --> The life of monks; monastic life; monastic usage or customs; -- now usually applied by way of reproach.
A collective body of monks. html{color:
monseigneur ::: n. --> My lord; -- a title in France of a person of high birth or rank; as, Monseigneur the Prince, or Monseigneur the Archibishop. It was given, specifically, to the dauphin, before the Revolution of 1789. (Abbrev. Mgr.) html{color:
mrs. ::: --> The customary abbreviation of Mistress when used as a title of courtesy, in writing and printing. html{color:
naphthyl ::: n. --> A hydrocarbon radical regarded as the essential residue of naphthalene. html{color:
nazirite ::: n. --> A Nazarite. html{color:
neighborhood bike code "humour, programming" A piece of {code} that every programmer at the company has touched. [{Dodgy Coder (http://www.dodgycoder.net/2011/11/yoda-conditions-pokemon-exception.html)}]. [{Urban Dictionary: neighborhood bike (http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=neighborhood+bike)}]. (2014-07-12)
NetLingo "computing" An on-line dictionary of more than 3000 terms, started in 1995 and updated monthly. NetLingo contains simple explanations and comprehensive coverage, including {chat} acronyms and {smilies}. It is also available in {dead tree} form. {NetLingo Home (http://netlingo.com/)}. (2004-09-12)
newtonian ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries. ::: n. --> A follower of Newton. html{color:
nomad ::: n. --> One of a race or tribe that has no fixed location, but wanders from place to place in search of pasture or game. ::: a. --> Roving; nomadic. html{color:
nomenclature ::: n. --> A name.
A vocabulary, dictionary, or glossary.
The technical names used in any particular branch of science or art, or by any school or individual; as, the nomenclature of botany or of chemistry; the nomenclature of Lavoisier and his associates.
Notations, logical: There follows a list of some of the logical symbols and notations found in contemporary usage. In each case the notation employed in articles in this dictionary is given first, afterwards alternative notations, if any.
nucha ::: n. --> The back or upper part of the neck; the nape. html{color:
nyula ::: n. --> A species of ichneumon (Herpestes nyula). Its fur is beautifully variegated by closely set zigzag markings. O () O, the fifteenth letter of the English alphabet, derives its form, value, and name from the Greek O, through the Latin. The letter came into the Greek from the Ph/nician, which possibly derived it ultimately from the Egyptian. Etymologically, the letter o is most closely related to a, e, and u; as in E. bone, AS. ban; E. stone, AS. stan; E. broke, AS. brecan to break; E. bore, AS. beran to bear; E. dove, AS. d/fe; E. html{color:
onomasticon ::: n. --> A collection of names and terms; a dictionary; specif., a collection of Greek names, with explanatory notes, made by Julius Pollux about A.D.180.
orthopinacoid ::: n. --> A name given to the two planes in the monoclinic system which are parallel to the vertical and orthodiagonal axes. html{color:
otopathy ::: n. --> A diseased condition of the ear. html{color:
parrock ::: n. --> A croft, or small field; a paddock. html{color:
pexity ::: n. --> Nap of cloth. html{color:
pictorial ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to pictures; illustrated by pictures; forming pictures; representing with the clearness of a picture; as, a pictorial dictionary; a pictorial imagination.
pitmen ::: pl. --> of Pitman html{color:
plim ::: v. i. --> To swell, as grain or wood with water. html{color:
point-blank ::: n. --> The white spot on a target, at which an arrow or other missile is aimed.
With all small arms, the second point in which the natural line of sight, when horizontal, cuts the trajectory.
With artillery, the point where the projectile first strikes the horizontal plane on which the gun stands, the axis of the piece being horizontal. html{color:
Portable Forth Environment "language" (PFE) A highly {portable} {Forth} development system based on the {ANSI} standard for Forth, by Dirk-Uwe Zoller of FHT, Mannheim, Germany. PFE aims to be correct, complete, usable, and simple but it isn't optimised for speed. It supports all {dpANS} {word sets}. It runs on {Linux}, {RS/6000}, and {HP-UX}. {Tektronix} adopted PFE in 1998 and added {modules} and {multithreading}. You can load additional {C} objects at {run time} to extend the Forth {dictionary}. It can be targeted at different embedded environments by changing the terminal driver and initilisation routines. {(http://pfe.sourceforge.net/)}. E-mail: Guido Draheim "guidod@gmx.de". (2000-12-07)
pot-sure ::: a. --> Made confident by drink. html{color:
pounding ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of Pound ::: n. --> The act of beating, bruising, or breaking up; a beating.
A pounded or pulverized substance. html{color:
pounds ::: pl. --> of Pound
of Pound html{color:
precogitate ::: v. t. --> To cogitate beforehand. html{color:
Preface ::: This supplement to the Lexicon of an Infinite Mind, A Dictionary of Words and Terms in Savitri, is a selection of answers to our numerous questions posed to disciples and devotees of Sri Aurobindo and the Mother. It is a rare treasure for generations to come for it provides a profound insight into the understanding of various terms and phrases in Savitri by those who knew Sri Aurobindo and had His darshan many times and a few others with a deep knowledge of specific terms in Savitri.
programming language "language" A {formal language} in which {computer programs} are written. The definition of a particular language consists of both {syntax} (how the various symbols of the language may be combined) and {semantics} (the meaning of the language constructs). Languages are classified as low level if they are close to {machine code} and high level if each language statement corresponds to many machine code instructions (though this could also apply to a low level language with extensive use of {macros}, in which case it would be debatable whether it still counted as low level). A roughly parallel classification is the description as {first generation language} through to {fifth generation language}. The other major classification of languages distinguishes between {imperative languages}, {procedural language} and {declarative languages}. {Programming languages in this dictionary (/contents/language.html)}. {Programming languages time-line/family tree (http://levenez.com/lang/history.html)}. (2004-05-17)
pronouncing ::: a. --> Pertaining to, or indicating, pronunciation; as, a pronouncing dictionary.
Pronunciation In this dictionary slashes (/../) bracket phonetic pronunciations of words not found in a standard English dictionary. The notation, and many of the pronunciations, were adapted from the Hacker's {Jargon File}. Syllables are separated by {dash} or followed {single quote} or {back quote}. Single quote means the preceding syllable is stressed (louder), back quote follows a syllable with intermediate stress (slightly louder), otherwise all syllables are equally stressed. Consonants are pronounced as in English but note: ch soft, as in "church" g hard, as in "got" gh aspirated g+h of "bughouse" or "ragheap" j voiced, as in "judge" kh guttural of "loch" or "l'chaim" s unvoiced, as in "pass" zh as "s" in "pleasure" Uppercase letters are pronounced as their English letter names; thus (for example) /H-L-L/ is equivalent to /aych el el/. /Z/ is pronounced /zee/ in the US and /zed/ in the UK (elsewhere?). Vowels are represented as follows: a back, that ah father, palm (see note) ar far, mark aw flaw, caught ay bake, rain e less, men ee easy, ski eir their, software i trip, hit i: life, sky o block, stock (see note) oh flow, sew oo loot, through or more, door ow out, how oy boy, coin uh but, some u put, foot *r fur, insert (only in stressed syllables; otherwise use just "r") y yet, young yoo few, chew [y]oo /oo/ with optional fronting as in `news' (/nooz/ or /nyooz/) A /*/ is used for the `schwa' sound of unstressed or occluded vowels (often written with an upside-down `e'). The schwa vowel is omitted in unstressed syllables containing vocalic l, m, n or r; that is, "kitten" and "colour" would be rendered /kit'n/ and /kuhl'r/, not /kit'*n/ and /kuhl'*r/. The above table reflects mainly distinctions found in standard American English (that is, the neutral dialect spoken by TV network announcers and typical of educated speech in the Upper Midwest, Chicago, Minneapolis/St.Paul and Philadelphia). However, we separate /o/ from /ah/, which tend to merge in standard American. This may help readers accustomed to accents resembling British Received Pronunciation. Entries with a pronunciation of `//' are written-only. (1997-12-10)
prosopolepsy ::: n. --> Respect of persons; especially, a premature opinion or prejudice against a person, formed from his external appearance. html{color:
proved ::: imp. & p. p. --> of Prove html{color:
pseudofilaria ::: n. --> One of the two elongated vibratile young formed by fission of the embryo during the development of certain Gregarinae. html{color:
purity ::: n. --> The condition of being pure.
freedom from foreign admixture or deleterious matter; as, the purity of water, of wine, of drugs, of metals.
Cleanness; freedom from foulness or dirt.
Freedom from guilt or the defilement of sin; innocence; chastity; as, purity of heart or of life.
Freedom from any sinister or improper motives or views.
Freedom from foreign idioms, or from barbarous or improper html{color:
quintillion 10^30 in Europe (this is called a {nonillion} in the United States and Canada). 10^18 in the United States and Canada (this is called a trillion in Europe). [Collins dictionary].
raglan ::: n. --> A loose overcoat with large sleeves; -- named from Lord Raglan, an English general. html{color:
ravel ::: v. t. --> To separate or undo the texture of; to take apart; to untwist; to unweave or unknit; -- often followed by out; as, to ravel a twist; to ravel out a stocking.
To undo the intricacies of; to disentangle.
To pull apart, as the threads of a texture, and let them fall into a tangled mass; hence, to entangle; to make intricate; to involve. html{color:
reis ::: pl. --> of Rei ::: n. --> The word is used as a Portuguese designation of money of account, one hundred reis being about equal in value to eleven cents.
A common title in the East for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship. html{color:
repository 1. "database" See {data dictionary}. 2. "programming" The core of a {CASE} tool, typically a {DBMS} where all development documents are stored. (1999-04-27)
reviewal ::: n. --> A review. html{color:
revise ::: v. t. --> To look at again for the detection of errors; to reexamine; to review; to look over with care for correction; as, to revise a writing; to revise a translation.
To compare (a proof) with a previous proof of the same matter, and mark again such errors as have not been corrected in the type.
To review, alter, and amend; as, to revise statutes; to revise an agreement; to revise a dictionary.
RFC 1208 "networking, standard" The {RFC} defining many of the network-related terms in this dictionary. {(rfc:1208)}. ["A Glossary of Networking Terms", Jacobsen, O., and D. Lynch, RFC 1208, Interop, Inc., March 1991.] (1996-08-06)
rhotacism ::: n. --> An oversounding, or a misuse, of the letter r; specifically (Phylol.), the tendency, exhibited in the Indo-European languages, to change s to r, as wese to were. html{color:
ropalic ::: a. --> See Rhopalic. html{color:
rosemary ::: n. --> A labiate shrub (Rosmarinus officinalis) with narrow grayish leaves, growing native in the southern part of France, Spain, and Italy, also in Asia Minor and in China. It has a fragrant smell, and a warm, pungent, bitterish taste. It is used in cookery, perfumery, etc., and is an emblem of fidelity or constancy. html{color:
roundhead ::: n. --> A nickname for a Puritan. See Roundheads, the, in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.
rugulose ::: a. --> Somewhat rugose. html{color:
rupellary ::: n. --> Rocky. html{color:
schedule ::: n. --> A written or printed scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease, a statute, etc. ::: v. t. --> To form into, or place in, a schedule. html{color:
schooling ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of School ::: n. --> Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of learning; act of teaching.
Discipline; reproof; reprimand; as, he gave his son a good schooling. html{color:
Schopenhauer, Arthur: (1738-1860) Brilliant, manysided philosopher, at times caustic, who attained posthumously even popular acclaim. His principal work, The World as Will and Idea starts with the thesis that the world is my idea, a primary fact of consciousness implying the inseparableness of subject and object (refutation of materialism and subjectivism). The object underlies the principle of sufficient reason whose fourfold root Schopenhauer had investigated previously in his doctoral dissertation as that of becoming (causality), knowing, being, and acting (motivation). But the world is also obstinate, blind, impetuous will (the word taken in a larger than the dictionary meaning) which objectifies itself in progressive stages in the world of ideas beginning with the forces of nature (gravity, etc.) and terminating in the will to live and the products of its urges. As thing-in-itself, the will is one, though many in its phenomenal forms, space and time serving as principia individuationis. The closer to archetypal forms the ideas (Platonic influence) and the less revealing the will, the greater the possibility of pure contemplation in art in which Schopenhauer found greatest personal satisfaction. Propounding a determinism and a consequential pessimism (q.v.), Schopenhauer concurs with Kant in the intelligible character of freedom, makes compassion (Mitleid; see Pity) the foundation of ethics, and upholds the Buddhist ideal of desirelessness as a means for allaying the will. Having produced intelligence, the will has created the possibility of its own negation in a calm, ascetic, abstinent life.
schrode ::: n. --> See Scrod. html{color:
sham ::: n. --> That which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoint; a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug.
A false front, or removable ornamental covering. ::: a. --> False; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a sham html{color:
Sharp APL "language" (Or "Dictionary APL") ["A Dictionary of the APL Language", K. Iverson, Pub 0402, Sharp Assocs, Toronto, 1985]. {(ftp://watserv1.waterloo.edu/languages/apl/sharp.apl)}. (1997-09-02)
sheeny ::: a. --> Bright; shining; radiant; sheen. html{color:
short-dated ::: a. --> Having little time to run from the date. html{color:
SI prefix "unit, standard" The {standard} metric prefixes used in the {Système International d'Unités} (SI) conventions for scientific measurement. Here are the SI magnifying prefixes, along with the corresponding binary interpretations in common use: prefix abr decimal binary yocto- 1000^-8 zepto- 1000^-7 atto- 1000^-6 femto- f 1000^-5 pico- p 1000^-4 nano- n 1000^-3 micro- * 1000^-2 * Abbreviation: Greek mu milli- m 1000^-1 kilo- k 1000^1 1024^1 = 2^10 = 1,024 mega- M 1000^2 1024^2 = 2^20 = 1,048,576 giga- G 1000^3 1024^3 = 2^30 = 1,073,741,824 tera- T 1000^4 1024^4 = 2^40 = 1,099,511,627,776 peta- 1000^5 1024^5 = 2^50 = 1,125,899,906,842,624 exa- 1000^6 1024^6 = 2^60 = 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 zetta- 1000^7 1024^7 = 2^70 = 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 yotta- 1000^8 1024^8 = 2^80 = 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 "Femto" and "atto" derive not from Greek but from Danish. The abbreviated forms of these prefixes are common in electronics and physics. When used with bytes of storage, these prefixes usually denote multiplication by powers of 1024 = 2^10 (K, M, G and T are common in computing). Thus "MB" stands for megabytes (2^20 bytes). This common practice goes against the edicts of the {BIPM} who deprecate the use of these prefixes for powers of two. The formal SI prefix for 1000 is lower case "k"; some, including this dictionary, use this strictly, reserving upper case "K" for multiplication by 1024 (KB is thus "kilobytes"). Also, in data transfer rates the prefixes stand for powers of ten so, for example, 28.8 kb/s means 28,800 bits per second. The unit is often dropped so one may talk of "a 40K salary" (40000 dollars) or "2 meg of disk space" (2*2^20 bytes). The accepted pronunciation of the initial G of "giga-" is hard, /gi'ga/. Confusing 1000 and 1024 (or other powers of 2 and 10 close in magnitude) - for example, describing a memory in units of 500K or 524K instead of 512K - is a sure sign of the {marketroid}. For example, 3.5" {microfloppies} are often described as storing "1.44 MB". In fact, this is completely specious. The correct size is 1440 KB = 1440 * 1024 = 1474560 bytes. Alas, this point is probably lost on the world forever. In 1993, hacker Morgan Burke proposed, to general approval on {Usenet}, the following additional prefixes: groucho (10^-30), harpo (10^-27), harpi (10^27), grouchi (10^30). This would leave the prefixes zeppo-, gummo-, and chico- available for future expansion. Sadly, there is little immediate prospect that Mr. Burke's eminently sensible proposal will be ratified. (2009-09-01)
snail ::: n. --> Any one of numerous species of terrestrial air-breathing gastropods belonging to the genus Helix and many allied genera of the family Helicidae. They are abundant in nearly all parts of the world except the arctic regions, and feed almost entirely on vegetation; a land snail.
Any gastropod having a general resemblance to the true snails, including fresh-water and marine species. See Pond snail, under Pond, and Sea snail. html{color:
spelling flame "messaging" A {Usenet} posting ostentatiously correcting a previous article's spelling, possibly as a way of casting scorn on the point the article was trying to make, instead of actually responding to that point (compare {dictionary flame}). Of course, people who are more than usually slovenly spellers are prone to think *any* correction is a spelling flame. It's an amusing comment on human nature that spelling flames themselves often contain spelling errors. [{Jargon File}] (1994-11-22)
spicy ::: superl. --> Flavored with, or containing, spice or spices; fragrant; aromatic; as, spicy breezes.
Producing, or abounding with, spices.
Fig.: Piquant; racy; as, a spicy debate. html{color:
standard deviation "statistics" (SD) A measure of the range of values in a set of numbers. Standard deviation is a statistic used as a measure of the dispersion or variation in a distribution, equal to the square root of the {arithmetic mean} of the squares of the deviations from the arithmetic mean. The standard deviation of a random variable or list of numbers (the lowercase greek sigma) is the square of the {variance}. The standard deviation of the list x1, x2, x3...xn is given by the formula: sigma = sqrt(((x1-(avg(x)))^2 + (x1-(avg(x)))^2 + ... + (xn(avg(x)))^2)/n) The formula is used when all of the values in the population are known. If the values x1...xn are a random sample chosen from the population, then the sample Standard Deviation is calculated with same formula, except that (n-1) is used as the {denominator}. [{dictionary.com (http://dictionary.com/)}]. ["Barrons Dictionary of Mathematical Terms, second edition"]. (2003-05-06)
stemmer "information science, human language" A program or {algorithm} which determines the morphological root of a given inflected (or, sometimes, derived) word form -- generally a written word form. A stemmer for English, for example, should identify the {string} "cats" (and possibly "catlike", "catty" etc.) as based on the root "cat", and "stemmer", "stemming", "stemmed" as based on "stem". English stemmers are fairly {trivial} (with only occasional problems, such as "dries" being the third-person singular present form of the verb "dry", "axes" being the plural of "ax" as well as "axis"); but stemmers become harder to design as the morphology, orthography, and {character encoding} of the target language becomes more complex. For example, an Italian stemmer is more complex than an English one (because of more possible verb inflections), a Russian one is more complex (more possible noun declensions), a Hebrew one is even more complex (a {hairy} writing system), and so on. Stemmers are common elements in {query} systems, since a user who runs a query on "daffodils" probably cares about documents that contain the word "daffodil" (without the s). ({This dictionary} has a rudimentary stemmer which currently (April 1997) handles only conversion of plurals to singulars). (1997-04-09)
stum ::: n. --> Unfermented grape juice or wine, often used to raise fermentation in dead or vapid wines; must.
Wine revived by new fermentation, reulting from the admixture of must. ::: v. t. --> To renew, as wine, by mixing must with it and raising a html{color:
system catalog "database" The {data dictionary} of a {DBMS}. The system catalogue stores {metadata} including the {schemas} of the {databases}. It is a mini-database, and is usually stored using the DBMS itself in special {tables} called {system tables}. It maybe referred to as being "on line", as it is active, and can be queried by users like any other table. (1999-04-27)
tablecloth ::: n. --> A cloth for covering a table, especially one with which a table is covered before the dishes, etc., are set on for meals. html{color:
tabler ::: n. --> One who boards.
One who boards others for hire. html{color:
tartary ::: n. --> Tartarus. html{color:
tartufe ::: n. --> A hypocritical devotee. See the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.
tee "tool, operating system" A {Unix} command which copies its {standard input} to its {standard output} (like {cat}) but also to a file given as its argument. tee is thus useful in {pipelines} of {Unix} commands (see {plumbing}) where it allows you to create a duplicate copy of the data stream. E.g. egrep Unix Dictionary | tee /dev/tty | wc -l searches for lines containing the string "Unix" in the file "Dictionary", prints them to the terminal (/dev/tty) and counts them. {Unix manual page}: tee(1). [{Jargon File}] (1996-01-22)
tennu ::: n. --> The tapir. html{color:
The Enochian Dictionary
The Free Dictionary defines artifice as:
The remembrancer of the city of London is parliamentary solicitor to the corporation, and is bound to attend all courts of aldermen and common council when required. Pull. Laws & Cust. Lond. 122. from Black’s Law Dictionary.
thesaurus ::: n. --> A treasury or storehouse; hence, a repository, especially of knowledge; -- often applied to a comprehensive work, like a dictionary or cyclopedia.
this dictionary {Free On-line Dictionary of Computing}
thomite ::: n. --> A Thomaean. html{color:
three-letter acronym "jargon" (TLA) The {canonical}, self-describing {acronym} for the name of a species with which computing terminology is infested. Examples include {MCA}, {FTP}, {SNA}, {CPU}, {MMU}, {DMU}, {FPU}, {TLA}. This dictionary contains many {TLAs}. Sometimes used by extension for any confusing acronym. People who like this looser usage argue that not all TLAs have three letters, just as not all four-letter words have four letters. One also hears of "ETLA" (Extended Three-Letter Acronym) being used to describe four-letter acronyms. The term "SFLA" (Stupid Four-Letter Acronym) has also been reported. See also {YABA}. The self-effacing phrase "TDM TLA" (Too Damn Many...) is used to bemoan the plethora of TLAs in use. In 1989, a random of the journalistic persuasion asked hacker Paul Boutin "What do you think will be the biggest problem in computing in the 90s?" Paul's straight-faced response: "There are only 17,000 three-letter acronyms." (To be exact, there are 26^3 = 17,576.) (2014-08-14)
thriving ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of Thrive html{color:
tigelle ::: n. --> Same as Tigella. html{color:
TLAs "jargon" As of 2014-08-14, {this dictionary} included 1285 {three-letter acronyms}, which is 7% of the 26^3 = 17576 possible. Here's a {grep} command to find them: egrep '^[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z]$' Dictionary or a {GNU} {Emacs} command: (occur "^[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z]$") Here they are: {AAC}, {AAL}, {AAP}, {ABC}, {ABI}, {ABM}, {ABP}, {ABR}, {ACA}, {ACE}, {ACF}, {ACK}, {ACL}, {ACM}, {ACP}, {ACT}, {ADC}, {ADL}, {ADM}, {ADO}, {ADR}, {ADS}, {ADT}, {AED}, {AEP}, {AES}, {AFJ}, {AFK}, {AFP}, {AFS}, {AGL}, {AGP}, {AIA}, {AID}, {AIR}, {AIT}, {AIX}, {AKC}, {AKL}, {ALC}, {ALF}, {ALM}, {ALP}, {ALU}, {AMD}, {AMI}, {AML}, {AMO}, {AMP}, {AMS}, {AND}, {ANI}, {ANL}, {ANR}, {ANS}, {ANU}, {AOL}, {AOP}, {AOS}, {APA}, {APC}, {APE}, {API}, {APL}, {APM}, {APT}, {AQL}, {ARC}, {ARL}, {ARM}, {ARP}, {ARQ}, {ART}, {ASA}, {ASE}, {ASF}, {ASK}, {ASL}, {ASM}, {ASN}, {ASP}, {ASR}, {AST}, {ATA}, {ATK}, {ATM}, {ATS}, {ATX}, {AUI}, {AUP}, {AVC}, {AVI}, {AVS}, {AWE}, {AWG}, {AWT}, {AYT}, {BAD}, {BAL}, {BAP}, {BBC}, {BBL}, {BBS}, {BCC}, {BCD}, {BCL}, {BCS}, {BDC}, {BDL}, {BEA}, {BEG}, {BEL}, {BER}, {BFI}, {BGA}, {BGP}, {BIP}, {BLT}, {BMF}, {BMP}, {BNC}, {BNF}, {BOA}, {BOF}, {BOS}, {BPI}, {BPR}, {BPS}, {BQS}, {BRB}, {BRH}, {BRI}, {BRS}, {BSA}, {BSD}, {BSI}, {BSL}, {BSS}, {BST}, {BTB}, {BTS}, {BTW}, {BWQ}, {CAD}, {CAE}, {CAF}, {CAI}, {CAL}, {CAM}, {CAN}, {CAP}, {CAR}, {CAS}, {CAT}, {CAV}, {CBD}, {CBN}, {CBR}, {CBT}, {CBV}, {CCD}, {CCL}, {CCP}, {CCR}, {CCS}, {CDA}, {CDC}, {CDE}, {CDF}, {CDL}, {CDM}, {CDR}, {CDS}, {CDW}, {CEN}, {CER}, {CFD}, {CFP}, {CGA}, {CGI}, {CGM}, {CHI}, {CID}, {CIF}, {CIL}, {CIM}, {CIO}, {CIR}, {CIS}, {CIX}, {CJK}, {CLI}, {CLM}, {CLP}, {CLR}, {CLU}, {CLV}, {CLX}, {CMA}, {CMC}, {CML}, {CMM}, {CMP}, {CMS}, {CMU}, {CMZ}, {CNC}, {CNI}, {CNN}, {CNR}, {COM}, {COS}, {CPE}, {CPI}, {CPL}, {CPM}, {CPS}, {CPU}, {CRC}, {CRL}, {CRM}, {CRT}, {CSG}, {CSL}, {CSM}, {CSO}, {CSP}, {CSR}, {CSS}, {CSU}, {CSV}, {CTC}, {CTI}, {CTL}, {CTS}, {CTY}, {CUA}, {CUL}, {CUT}, {CVS}, {CWI}, {DAA}, {DAC}, {DAG}, {DAS}, {DAT}, {DAU}, {DBA}, {DBC}, {DBH}, {DCA}, {DCC}, {DCE}, {DCG}, {DCI}, {DCL}, {DCP}, {DCS}, {DCT}, {DDB}, {DDE}, {DDL}, {DDM}, {DDN}, {DDO}, {DDP}, {DDR}, {DDS}, {DDT}, {DDW}, {DEA}, {DEC}, {DED}, {DEK}, {DER}, {DES}, {DEX}, {DFA}, {DFC}, {DFD}, {DFS}, {DFT}, {DGL}, {DIB}, {DID}, {DIL}, {DIM}, {DIN}, {DIP}, {DLC}, {DLE}, {DLG}, {DLL}, {DLM}, {DLP}, {DLT}, {DMA}, {DME}, {DMI}, {DML}, {DMM}, {DMS}, {DMU}, {DMZ}, {DNF}, {DNS}, {DOA}, {DOE}, {DOF}, {DOL}, {DOM}, {DOS}, {DPA}, {DPB}, {DPL}, {DPN}, {DPP}, {DPS}, {DRM}, {DSA}, {DSE}, {DSI}, {DSL}, {DSM}, {DSN}, {DSO}, {DSP}, {DSR}, {DSS}, {DST}, {DSU}, {DSW}, {DTD}, {DTE}, {DTP}, {DTR}, {DTS}, {DUA}, {DVD}, {DVI}, {DXF}, {EAF}, {EAG}, {EAI}, {EAX}, {ECC}, {ECL}, {ECM}, {ECP}, {EDA}, {EDF}, {EDI}, {EDL}, {EDM}, {EDP}, {EDS}, {EER}, {EFF}, {EFI}, {EFL}, {EFT}, {EGA}, {EGP}, {EIA}, {EJB}, {ELF}, {ELI}, {ELP}, {EMA}, {EMC}, {EMI}, {EML}, {EMM}, {EMS}, {EMX}, {ENQ}, {ENS}, {EOF}, {EOL}, {EOR}, {EOT}, {EOU}, {EPL}, {EPP}, {EPS}, {ERA}, {ERC}, {ERD}, {ERM}, {ERP}, {ESA}, {ESC}, {ESD}, {ESF}, {ESI}, {ESL}, {ESP}, {ESR}, {ETB}, {ETC}, {ETL}, {ETM}, {ETX}, {EVE}, {EXE}, {FAC}, {FAD}, {FAP}, {FAQ}, {FAT}, {FCB}, {FCP}, {FCS}, {FDC}, {FDD}, {FDT}, {FEA}, {FEC}, {FED}, {FEL}, {FFP}, {FFT}, {FGL}, {FHS}, {FIR}, {FIX}, {FLI}, {FMQ}, {FMS}, {FMV}, {FNC}, {FOD}, {FPA}, {FPM}, {FPU}, {FQL}, {FRA}, {FRL}, {FSB}, {FSF}, {FSK}, {FSL}, {FSM}, {FSP}, {FTP}, {FTW}, {FTX}, {FUD}, {FXO}, {FXS}, {FYA}, {FYI}, {GAL}, {GAN}, {GAP}, {GAT}, {GCC}, {GCL}, {GCR}, {GCT}, {GDA}, {GDB}, {GDI}, {GEA}, {GEI}, {GEM}, {GFR}, {GFS}, {GHC}, {GIF}, {GIN}, {GIP}, {GIS}, {GKS}, {GLB}, {GLS}, {GLU}, {GMD}, {GMT}, {GNN}, {GNU}, {GOL}, {GOM}, {GPF}, {GPL}, {GPM}, {GPS}, {GPV}, {GPX}, {GRE}, {GRG}, {GSI}, {GSL}, {GSM}, {GSS}, {GTL}, {GUI}, {GVL}, {GWM}, {HAL}, {HCF}, {HCI}, {HCS}, {HDA}, {HDC}, {HDD}, {HDF}, {HDL}, {HDM}, {HEP}, {HFC}, {HID}, {HLL}, {HMA}, {HMP}, {HNC}, {HOL}, {HPF}, {HPL}, {HPR}, {HSB}, {HSC}, {HSM}, {HSV}, {HTH}, {HVD}, {IAB}, {IAD}, {IAL}, {IAM}, {IAP}, {IAR}, {IAS}, {IAW}, {IBM}, {ICA}, {ICE}, {ICI}, {ICL}, {ICQ}, {ICT}, {ICW}, {IDD}, {IDE}, {IDL}, {IEC}, {IEF}, {IEN}, {IFC}, {IFF}, {IFP}, {IFS}, {IFX}, {IGC}, {IGL}, {IGP}, {IGS}, {IGU}, {IHS}, {IHV}, {IIL}, {IIR}, {IIS}, {IIT}, {ILF}, {IMD}, {IML}, {IMO}, {IMP}, {IMR}, {IMS}, {IOI}, {IOS}, {IOW}, {IPA}, {IPC}, {IPE}, {IPL}, {IPS}, {IPT}, {IPX}, {IQL}, {IRC}, {IRL}, {IRM}, {IRQ}, {ISA}, {ISE}, {ISF}, {ISL}, {ISO}, {ISP}, {IST}, {ISV}, {ITP}, {ITS}, {ITU}, {IVR}, {IVY}, {IXC}, {IXO}, {JAD}, {JAZ}, {JCL}, {JCP}, {JDK}, {JES}, {JIT}, {JMS}, {JNI}, {JPL}, {JRE}, {JRL}, {JRN}, {JSA}, {JSF}, {JSP}, {JTB}, {JTC}, {JTS}, {JVM}, {KAP}, {KBS}, {KCL}, {KEE}, {KFX}, {KIS}, {KLB}, {KMS}, {KNI}, {KRC}, {KRL}, {KRS}, {KSL}, {KSR}, {KTH}, {KVM}, {LAN}, {LAP}, {LAT}, {LAU}, {LAX}, {LBA}, {LBE}, {LBL}, {LBX}, {LCC}, {LCD}, {LCF}, {LCL}, {LCP}, {LCS}, {LDB}, {LDL}, {LDP}, {LDT}, {LEC}, {LED}, {LEO}, {LER}, {LGN}, {LIF}, {LIS}, {LKA}, {LLC}, {LLP}, {LML}, {LNF}, {LOC}, {LOL}, {LOM}, {LOP}, {LPC}, {LPF}, {LPG}, {LPI}, {LPL}, {LPS}, {LPT}, {LRC}, {LRU}, {LSA}, {LSB}, {LSE}, {LSL}, {LSP}, {LSR}, {LTL}, {LTR}, {LUG}, {LUN}, {LVD}, {LWP}, {MAC}, {MAD}, {MAL}, {MAN}, {MAO}, {MAP}, {MAS}, {MAU}, {MBS}, {MCA}, {MCC}, {MCI}, {MCL}, {MCP}, {MCS}, {MDA}, {MDF}, {MDI}, {MDL}, {MFC}, {MFE}, {MFM}, {MHS}, {MIB}, {MIF}, {MIG}, {MII}, {MIS}, {MIT}, {MIX}, {MJS}, {MLL}, {MMI}, {MML}, {MMO}, {MMS}, {MMU}, {MMX}, {MNP}, {MOO}, {MOS}, {MPC}, {MPG}, {MPI}, {MPL}, {MPP}, {MPV}, {MPX}, {MQG}, {MRI}, {MRP}, {MRS}, {MSB}, {MSM}, {MSN}, {MSS}, {MSX}, {MTA}, {MTS}, {MTU}, {MUA}, {MUD}, {MUP}, {MVC}, {MVS}, {MXI}, {NAG}, {NAK}, {NAS}, {NAT}, {NAU}, {NBS}, {NBT}, {NCD}, {NCP}, {NCS}, {NDL}, {NDS}, {NEC}, {NFA}, {NFS}, {NFT}, {NGL}, {NIC}, {NIH}, {NII}, {NIL}, {NIS}, {NLM}, {NLP}, {NLS}, {NLX}, {NMI}, {NMU}, {NNI}, {NOC}, {NOL}, {NOR}, {NOS}, {NOT}, {NPC}, {NPL}, {NQS}, {NRZ}, {NSE}, {NSF}, {NSI}, {NSS}, {NTP}, {NTU}, {NVL}, {NVS}, {OAP}, {OBE}, {OBJ}, {OCL}, {OCP}, {OCR}, {OCS}, {OCX}, {ODA}, {ODC}, {ODI}, {ODP}, {ODS}, {ODT}, {OEM}, {OFA}, {OIC}, {OID}, {OIL}, {OLC}, {OLE}, {OMA}, {OMF}, {OMG}, {OMR}, {OMS}, {OMT}, {ONC}, {OOA}, {OOD}, {OOF}, {OOP}, {OPC}, {OPF}, {OPS}, {ORB}, {ORM}, {OSA}, {OSD}, {OSE}, {OSF}, {OSI}, {OSP}, {OTI}, {OTP}, {OTT}, {OWL}, {PAD}, {PAL}, {PAM}, {PAP}, {PAT}, {PAW}, {PBD}, {PBM}, {PBX}, {PCA}, {PCB}, {PCF}, {PCI}, {PCL}, {PCM}, {PCN}, {PCS}, {PCU}, {PDA}, {PDC}, {PDF}, {PDH}, {PDL}, {PDM}, {PDP}, {PDS}, {PDU}, {PEM}, {PEP}, {PER}, {PEX}, {PFE}, {PFL}, {PFP}, {PGA}, {PGP}, {PHP}, {PIC}, {PID}, {PIE}, {PIL}, {PIM}, {PIN}, {PIP}, {PIT}, {PKE}, {PKI}, {PLC}, {PLD}, {PLL}, {PMC}, {PML}, {PMP}, {PNG}, {PNP}, {POA}, {POC}, {POE}, {POM}, {POP}, {POR}, {POS}, {PPC}, {PPD}, {PPL}, {PPM}, {PPN}, {PPP}, {PQS}, {PRA}, {PRI}, {PRL}, {PSA}, {PSD}, {PSF}, {PSI}, {PSK}, {PSL}, {PSN}, {PSO}, {PSU}, {PTF}, {PTI}, {PTN}, {PTT}, {PUB}, {PVC}, {PVM}, {PWM}, {QAM}, {QBE}, {QCA}, {QIC}, {QMW}, {QNX}, {QPE}, {RAD}, {RAL}, {RAM}, {RAS}, {RCC}, {RCL}, {RCS}, {RDF}, {RDI}, {RDL}, {RDP}, {RDS}, {REC}, {REM}, {REP}, {REX}, {RFC}, {RFE}, {RFI}, {RFP}, {RFT}, {RGB}, {RIP}, {RJE}, {RKM}, {RLE}, {RLF}, {RLL}, {RMI}, {RMS}, {RNF}, {ROM}, {RPC}, {RPG}, {RPI}, {RPL}, {RPM}, {RPN}, {RPT}, {RRL}, {RRS}, {RSA}, {RSI}, {RSL}, {RSN}, {RSS}, {RTF}, {RTI}, {RTL}, {RTM}, {RTP}, {RTS}, {RTT}, {RWP}, {SAA}, {SAC}, {SAD}, {SAL}, {SAM}, {SAN}, {SAP}, {SAR}, {SAS}, {SBD}, {SBE}, {SBM}, {SBR}, {SCA}, {SCC}, {SCI}, {SCL}, {SCM}, {SCO}, {SDE}, {SDF}, {SDH}, {SDI}, {SDK}, {SDL}, {SDM}, {SDP}, {SDS}, {SEA}, {SEC}, {SED}, {SEE}, {SEI}, {SEL}, {SEM}, {SEP}, {SET}, {SEX}, {SFA}, {SFL}, {SGI}, {SHA}, {SIA}, {SIG}, {SIL}, {SIM}, {SIP}, {SIR}, {SKU}, {SMB}, {SMG}, {SMI}, {SML}, {SMM}, {SMP}, {SMS}, {SMT}, {SNA}, {SNI}, {SNR}, {SOA}, {SOE}, {SOH}, {SOJ}, {SOL}, {SOM}, {SOS}, {SPC}, {SPD}, {SPE}, {SPG}, {SPI}, {SPL}, {SPM}, {SPS}, {SPX}, {SQE}, {SQL}, {SQR}, {SRI}, {SRL}, {SRP}, {SSA}, {SSD}, {SSE}, {SSI}, {SSL}, {SSO}, {SSR}, {STB}, {STD}, {STP}, {STX}, {SUB}, {SVC}, {SVG}, {SVS}, {SWL}, {SWT}, {SYN}, {TAA}, {TAB}, {TAC}, {TAL}, {TAO}, {TAP}, {TBF}, {TBK}, {TCB}, {TCM}, {TCO}, {TCP}, {TDD}, {TDF}, {TDI}, {TDM}, {TDR}, {TEI}, {TET}, {TFT}, {TGA}, {TIA}, {TIP}, {TLA}, {TLB}, {TLD}, {TLI}, {TLS}, {TMG}, {TNC}, {TNX}, {TOK}, {TOP}, {TOS}, {TPA}, {TPF}, {TPL}, {TPO}, {TPS}, {TPU}, {TPX}, {TRO}, {TRS}, {TSO}, {TSP}, {TSR}, {TSV}, {TTD}, {TTL}, {TTS}, {TUB}, {TUI}, {TXL}, {UAN}, {UAT}, {UAW}, {UBD}, {UCB}, {UCP}, {UCS}, {UCX}, {UDF}, {UDP}, {UFO}, {UIL}, {UIS}, {UKC}, {ULP}, {UMB}, {UML}, {UNC}, {UNI}, {UPS}, {URC}, {URI}, {URL}, {URN}, {USB}, {USE}, {USL}, {USP}, {USR}, {UTC}, {UTF}, {UTP}, {VAL}, {VAN}, {VAR}, {VAX}, {VBA}, {VCD}, {VCL}, {VCR}, {VDL}, {VDM}, {VDT}, {VDU}, {VEE}, {VEL}, {VGA}, {VGX}, {VHE}, {VHS}, {VIF}, {VIM}, {VLB}, {VLM}, {VME}, {VML}, {VMS}, {VOS}, {VPL}, {VPN}, {VQF}, {VRC}, {VSE}, {VSF}, {VSP}, {VSX}, {VTC}, {VTS}, {VTW}, {VUE}, {VUP}, {VXI}, {WAM}, {WAN}, {WAP}, {WBS}, {WCL}, {WDM}, {WEB}, {WEP}, {WFL}, {WFW}, {WGL}, {WIC}, {WLL}, {WMA}, {WMI}, {WML}, {WMV}, {WOM}, {WPA}, {WPG}, {WPI}, {WRT}, {WSL}, {WTF}, {WTH}, {WWW}, {XDL}, {XDR}, {XFS}, {XGA}, {XIE}, {XML}, {XMM}, {XMS}, {XNF}, {XNS}, {XON}, {XPC}, {XPG}, {XPL}, {XRN}, {XSB}, {XSD}, {XSI}, {XSL}, {XTI}, {XTP}, {XUI}, {XUL}, {XVT}, {XXX}, {YSM}, {ZAP}, {ZFC}, {ZIF}, {ZIL}, {ZOG}, {ZUG} (2014-08-14)
TMRC /tmerk'/ The Tech Model Railroad Club at {MIT}, one of the wellsprings of {hacker} culture. The 1959 "Dictionary of the TMRC Language" compiled by Peter Samson included several terms that became basics of the hackish vocabulary (see especially {foo}, {mung}, and {frob}). By 1962, TMRC's legendary layout was already a marvel of complexity (and has grown in the thirty years since; all the features described here are still present). The control system alone featured about 1200 relays. There were {scram switch}es located at numerous places around the room that could be thwacked if something undesirable was about to occur, such as a train going full-bore at an obstruction. Another feature of the system was a digital clock on the dispatch board, which was itself something of a wonder in those bygone days before cheap LEDS and seven-segment displays. When someone hit a scram switch the clock stopped and the display was replaced with the word "FOO"; at TMRC the scram switches are therefore called "foo switches". Steven Levy, in his book "Hackers", gives a stimulating account of those early years. TMRC's Power and Signals group included most of the early {PDP-1} hackers and the people who later bacame the core of the {MIT} {AI Lab} staff. This dictionary accordingly includes a number of entries from the TMRC dictionary (via the Hacker Jargon File). [{Jargon File}] (2008-06-30)
tool 1. "tool" A program used primarily to create, manipulate, modify, or analyse other programs, such as a compiler or an editor or a cross-referencing program. Opposite: {app}, {operating system}. 2. A {Unix} {application program} with a simple, "transparent" (typically text-stream) interface designed specifically to be used in programmed combination with other tools (see {filter}, {plumbing}). 3. "jargon" ({MIT}: general to students there) To work; to study (connotes tedium). The {TMRC} Dictionary defined this as "to set one's brain to the grindstone". See {hack}. 4. "jargon, person" ({MIT}) A student who studies too much and hacks too little. MIT's student humour magazine rejoices in the name "Tool and Die". [{Jargon File}] (1996-12-12)
toxiphobia ::: n. --> An insane or greatly exaggerated dread of poisons. html{color:
tracer ::: n. --> One who, or that which, traces. html{color:
trance ::: degrees of consciousness less and less communicable to the waking mind. [Dictionary]
trichromic ::: a. --> Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, three colors or color sensations.
Containing three atoms of chromium. html{color:
turn-buckle ::: n. --> A loop or sleeve with a screw thread at one end and a swivel at the other, -- used for tightening a rod, stay, etc.
A gravitating catch, as for fastening a shutter, the end of a chain, or a hasp. html{color:
Unix "operating system" /yoo'niks/ (Or "UNIX", in the authors' words, "A weak pun on Multics") Plural "Unices". An interactive {time-sharing} {operating system} invented in 1969 by {Ken Thompson} after {Bell Labs} left the {Multics} project, originally so he could play games on his scavenged {PDP-7}. {Dennis Ritchie}, the inventor of {C}, is considered a co-author of the system. The turning point in Unix's history came when it was reimplemented almost entirely in C during 1972 - 1974, making it the first {source-portable} OS. Unix subsequently underwent mutations and expansions at the hands of many different people, resulting in a uniquely flexible and {developer}-friendly environment. By 1991, Unix had become the most widely used {multi-user} general-purpose operating system in the world. Many people consider this the most important victory yet of hackerdom over industry opposition (but see {Unix weenie} and {Unix conspiracy} for an opposing point of view). Unix is now offered by many manufacturers and is the subject of an international standardisation effort [called?]. Unix-like operating systems include {AIX}, {A/UX}, {BSD}, {Debian}, {FreeBSD}, {GNU}, {HP-UX}, {Linux}, {NetBSD}, {NEXTSTEP}, {OpenBSD}, {OPENSTEP}, {OSF}, {POSIX}, {RISCiX}, {Solaris}, {SunOS}, {System V}, {Ultrix}, {USG Unix}, {Version 7}, {Xenix}. "Unix" or "UNIX"? Both seem roughly equally popular, perhaps with a historical bias toward the latter. "UNIX" is a registered trademark of {The Open Group}, however, since it is a name and not an acronym, "Unix" has been adopted in this dictionary except where a larger name includes it in upper case. Since the OS is {case-sensitive} and exists in many different versions, it is fitting that its name should reflect this. {The UNIX Reference Desk (http://geek-girl.com/unix.html)}. {Spanish fire extinguisher (ftp://linux.mathematik.tu-darmstadt.de/pub/linux/people/okir/unix_flame.gif)}. [{Jargon File}] (2001-05-14)
utopia ::: n. --> An imaginary island, represented by Sir Thomas More, in a work called Utopia, as enjoying the greatest perfection in politics, laws, and the like. See Utopia, in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.
Hence, any place or state of ideal perfection.
vallecula ::: n. --> A groove; a fossa; as, the vallecula, or fossa, which separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum.
One of the grooves, or hollows, between the ribs of the fruit of umbelliferous plants. html{color:
vendition ::: n. --> The act of vending, or selling; sale. <[01;31m[Kh1[m[K>Moved Permanently
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