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children ::: Math (facts), Math (formulas)
branches ::: Math, Savitri maths

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object:Math
class:subject
class:Language

MATH TRICKS
percentages are reversable.
8% of 25 = 2
25% of 8 = 2

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now begins generated list of local instances, definitions, quotes, instances in chapters, wordnet info if available and instances among weblinks


OBJECT INSTANCES [2] - TOPICS - AUTHORS - BOOKS - CHAPTERS - CLASSES - SEE ALSO - SIMILAR TITLES

TOPICS
Math_(facts)
Math_(formulas)
SEE ALSO


AUTH
Eratosthenes
Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz
Hemachandra
Johannes_Kepler
Lalla
Lewis_Carroll
Niels_Bohr
Norbert_Wiener
Omar_Khayyam
Plato
Sir_Roger_Penrose
Thomas_Carlyle
Wang_Zhenyi

BOOKS
Al-Fihrist
Full_Circle
Heart_of_Matter
How_to_Practice_Shamatha_Meditation__The_Cultivation_of_Meditative_Quiescene
Infinite_Library
Liber_157_-_The_Tao_Teh_King
Life_without_Death
Modern_Man_in_Search_of_a_Soul
Moral_Disengagement__How_Good_People_Can_Do_Harm_and_Feel_Good_About_Themselves
My_Burning_Heart
Mysticism_and_Logic
Plotinus_-_Complete_Works_Vol_01
Process_and_Reality
Savitri
Synergetics_-_Explorations_in_the_Geometry_of_Thinking
The_Act_of_Creation
The_Ever-Present_Origin
The_Principia__Mathematical_Principles_of_Natural_Philosophy
The_Principles_of_Mathematics
The_Republic
The_Use_and_Abuse_of_History
The_Wit_and_Wisdom_of_Alfred_North_Whitehead
The_World_as_Will_and_Idea
The_Yoga_Sutras
Three_Books_on_Occult_Philosophy
Toward_the_Future
Vishnu_Purana

IN CHAPTERS TITLE
1.jk_-_To_George_Felton_Mathew

IN CHAPTERS CLASSNAME

IN CHAPTERS TEXT
0_0.01_-_Introduction
00.01_-_The_Approach_to_Mysticism
000_-_Humans_in_Universe
0.00_-_INTRODUCTION
0.00_-_The_Book_of_Lies_Text
0.00_-_THE_GOSPEL_PREFACE
0.00_-_The_Wellspring_of_Reality
0.06_-_INTRODUCTION
01.07_-_Blaise_Pascal_(1623-1662)
01.08_-_Walter_Hilton:_The_Scale_of_Perfection
0.10_-_Letters_to_a_Young_Captain
0_1958-05-01
0_1958-11-08
0_1961-01-31
0_1961-02-11
0_1961-04-29
0_1962-02-13
0_1962-05-15
0_1962-06-09
0_1962-07-21
0_1963-02-23
0_1963-05-11
0_1964-01-04
0_1964-08-08
0_1965-07-21
0_1966-12-17
0_1967-02-18
0_1967-07-26
0_1969-05-21
0_1969-11-29
0_1971-05-15
0_1971-05-26
0_1971-10-06
02.02_-_Lines_of_the_Descent_of_Consciousness
02.05_-_The_Godheads_of_the_Little_Life
02.07_-_India_One_and_Indivisable
02.10_-_The_Kingdoms_and_Godheads_of_the_Little_Mind
02.11_-_The_Kingdoms_and_Godheads_of_the_Greater_Mind
03.02_-_The_Gradations_of_Consciousness__The_Gradation_of_Planes
03.05_-_Some_Conceptions_and_Misconceptions
03.09_-_Buddhism_and_Hinduism
03.14_-_Mater_Dolorosa
03.15_-_Towards_the_Future
04.02_-_Human_Progress
04.07_-_Matter_Aspires
05.05_-_In_Quest_of_Reality
05.06_-_Physics_or_philosophy
05.07_-_The_Observer_and_the_Observed
05.08_-_An_Age_of_Revolution
05.09_-_The_Changed_Scientific_Outlook
05.12_-_The_Soul_and_its_Journey
05.28_-_God_Protects
05.31_-_Divine_Intervention
09.11_-_The_Supramental_Manifestation_and_World_Change
09.13_-_On_Teachers_and_Teaching
100.00_-_Synergy
1.00a_-_Introduction
1.00d_-_Introduction
1.00_-_Preface
10.17_-_Miracles:_Their_True_Significance
1.01_-_Adam_Kadmon_and_the_Evolution
1.01_-_Archetypes_of_the_Collective_Unconscious
1.01_-_Economy
1.01_-_Historical_Survey
1.01_-_Introduction
1.01_-_MAPS_OF_EXPERIENCE_-_OBJECT_AND_MEANING
1.01_-_MASTER_AND_DISCIPLE
1.01_-_Newtonian_and_Bergsonian_Time
1.01_-_THE_STUFF_OF_THE_UNIVERSE
1.01_-_What_is_Magick?
1.024_-_Affiliation_With_Larger_Wholes
1.025_-_Sadhana_-_Intensifying_a_Lighted_Flame
1.02_-_Groups_and_Statistical_Mechanics
1.02_-_In_the_Beginning
1.02_-_IN_THE_COMPANY_OF_DEVOTEES
1.02_-_THE_NATURE_OF_THE_GROUND
1.02_-_The_Pit
1.02_-_The_Three_European_Worlds
1.02_-_THE_WITHIN_OF_THINGS
10.32_-_The_Mystery_of_the_Five_Elements
10.37_-_The_Golden_Bridge
1.03_-_Hieroglypics__Life_and_Language_Necessarily_Symbolic
1.03_-_Preparing_for_the_Miraculous
1.03_-_.REASON._IN_PHILOSOPHY
1.03_-_THE_GRAND_OPTION
1.03_-_The_House_Of_The_Lord
1.03_-_The_Phenomenon_of_Man
1.03_-_The_Sephiros
1.03_-_Time_Series,_Information,_and_Communication
1.04_-_ADVICE_TO_HOUSEHOLDERS
1.04_-_Feedback_and_Oscillation
1.04_-_Religion_and_Occultism
1.04_-_SOME_REFLECTIONS_ON_PROGRESS
1.04_-_The_Conditions_of_Esoteric_Training
1.04_-_The_Paths
1.04_-_The_Qabalah__The_Best_Training_for_Memory
1.05_-_BOOK_THE_FIFTH
1.05_-_Computing_Machines_and_the_Nervous_System
1.05_-_Problems_of_Modern_Psycho_therapy
1.05_-_Qualifications_of_the_Aspirant_and_the_Teacher
1.05_-_THE_HOSTILE_BROTHERS_-_ARCHETYPES_OF_RESPONSE_TO_THE_UNKNOWN
1.05_-_The_Universe__The_0_=_2_Equation
1.05_-_War_And_Politics
1.060_-_Tracing_the_Ultimate_Cause_of_Any_Experience
1.06_-_Being_Human_and_the_Copernican_Principle
1.06_-_Dhyana
1.06_-_Quieting_the_Vital
1.06_-_The_Literal_Qabalah
1.06_-_THE_MASTER_WITH_THE_BRAHMO_DEVOTEES
1.06_-_The_Three_Schools_of_Magick_1
1.07_-_A_Song_of_Longing_for_Tara,_the_Infallible
1.07_-_On_Our_Knowledge_of_General_Principles
1.07_-_The_Farther_Reaches_of_Human_Nature
1.081_-_The_Application_of_Pratyahara
1.08a_-_The_Ladder
1.08_-_SOME_REFLECTIONS_ON_THE_SPIRITUAL_REPERCUSSIONS_OF_THE_ATOM_BOMB
1.08_-_The_Change_of_Vision
1.09_-_Sri_Aurobindo_and_the_Big_Bang
1.09_-_The_Secret_Chiefs
11.05_-_The_Ladder_of_Unconsciousness
1.10_-_Aesthetic_and_Ethical_Culture
1.10_-_BOOK_THE_TENTH
1.10_-_Harmony
1.10_-_On_our_Knowledge_of_Universals
1.10_-_The_descendants_of_the_daughters_of_Daksa_married_to_the_Rsis
1.10_-_THE_MASTER_WITH_THE_BRAHMO_DEVOTEES_(II)
11.15_-_Sri_Aurobindo
1.11_-_BOOK_THE_ELEVENTH
1.11_-_FAITH_IN_MAN
1.11_-_On_Intuitive_Knowledge
1.11_-_WITH_THE_DEVOTEES_AT_DAKSHINEWAR
1.11_-_Woolly_Pomposities_of_the_Pious_Teacher
1.12_-_Dhruva_commences_a_course_of_religious_austerities
1.12_-_God_Departs
1.12_-_The_Superconscient
1.12_-_Truth_and_Knowledge
1.13_-_Under_the_Auspices_of_the_Gods
1.14_-_INSTRUCTION_TO_VAISHNAVS_AND_BRHMOS
1.14_-_The_Limits_of_Philosophical_Knowledge
1.14_-_The_Structure_and_Dynamics_of_the_Self
1.15_-_Index
1.15_-_LAST_VISIT_TO_KESHAB
1.15_-_The_Supramental_Consciousness
1.15_-_The_Suprarational_Good
1.15_-_The_Value_of_Philosophy
1.16_-_WITH_THE_DEVOTEES_AT_DAKSHINESWAR
1.17_-_M._AT_DAKSHINEWAR
1.18_-_FAITH
1.18_-_M._AT_DAKSHINESWAR
1.18_-_Mind_and_Supermind
1.19_-_ON_THE_PROBABLE_EXISTENCE_AHEAD_OF_US_OF_AN_ULTRA-HUMAN
1.19_-_THE_MASTER_AND_HIS_INJURED_ARM
1.201_-_Socrates
12.01_-_This_Great_Earth_Our_Mother
12.02_-_The_Stress_of_the_Spirit
1.21_-_A_DAY_AT_DAKSHINESWAR
1.22_-_ADVICE_TO_AN_ACTOR
1.22_-_Tabooed_Words
1.22_-_THE_END_OF_THE_SPECIES
1.23_-_FESTIVAL_AT_SURENDRAS_HOUSE
1.25_-_ADVICE_TO_PUNDIT_SHASHADHAR
1.26_-_FESTIVAL_AT_ADHARS_HOUSE
1.27_-_AT_DAKSHINESWAR
1.29_-_What_is_Certainty?
13.05_-_A_Dream_Of_Surreal_Science
1.31_-_Adonis_in_Cyprus
1.32_-_How_can_a_Yogi_ever_be_Worried?
1.39_-_Prophecy
1.40_-_Coincidence
1.42_-_This_Self_Introversion
1.44_-_Serious_Style_of_A.C.,_or_the_Apparent_Frivolity_of_Some_of_my_Remarks
1.49_-_Ancient_Deities_of_Vegetation_as_Animals
1.49_-_Thelemic_Morality
15.08_-_Ashram_-_Inner_and_Outer
1.53_-_The_Propitation_of_Wild_Animals_By_Hunters
1.58_-_Do_Angels_Ever_Cut_Themselves_Shaving?
1.65_-_Man
1.66_-_Vampires
1.72_-_Education
1.77_-_Work_Worthwhile_-_Why?
1.83_-_Epistola_Ultima
1917_03_27p
1951-03-12_-_Mental_forms_-_learning_difficult_subjects_-_Mental_fortress_-_thought_-_Training_the_mind_-_Helping_the_vital_being_after_death_-_ceremonies_-_Human_stupidities
1953-06-24
1953-07-22
1953-09-30
1954-06-02_-_Learning_how_to_live_-_Work,_studies_and_sadhana_-_Waste_of_the_Energy_and_Consciousness
1954-10-20_-_Stand_back_-_Asking_questions_to_Mother_-_Seeing_images_in_meditation_-_Berlioz_-Music_-_Mothers_organ_music_-_Destiny
1955-03-23_-_Procedure_for_rejection_and_transformation_-_Learning_by_heart,_true_understanding_-_Vibrations,_movements_of_the_species_-_A_cat_and_a_Russian_peasant_woman_-_A_cat_doing_yoga
1955-08-03_-_Nothing_is_impossible_in_principle_-_Psychic_contact_and_psychic_influence_-_Occult_powers,_adverse_influences;_magic_-_Magic,_occultism_and_Yogic_powers_-Hypnotism_and_its_effects
1955-12-07_-_Emotional_impulse_of_self-giving_-_A_young_dancer_in_France_-_The_heart_has_wings,_not_the_head_-_Only_joy_can_conquer_the_Adversary
1956-01-04_-_Integral_idea_of_the_Divine_-_All_things_attracted_by_the_Divine_-_Bad_things_not_in_place_-_Integral_yoga_-_Moving_idea-force,_ideas_-_Consequences_of_manifestation_-_Work_of_Spirit_via_Nature_-_Change_consciousness,_change_world
1956-10-03_-_The_Mothers_different_ways_of_speaking_-_new_manifestation_-_new_element,_possibilities_-_child_prodigies_-_Laws_of_Nature,_supramental_-_Logic_of_the_unforeseen_-_Creative_writers,_hands_of_musicians_-_Prodigious_children,_men
1956-11-14_-_Conquering_the_desire_to_appear_good_-_Self-control_and_control_of_the_life_around_-_Power_of_mastery_-_Be_a_great_yogi_to_be_a_good_teacher_-_Organisation_of_the_Ashram_school_-_Elementary_discipline_of_regularity
1956-11-21_-_Knowings_and_Knowledge_-_Reason,_summit_of_mans_mental_activities_-_Willings_and_the_true_will_-_Personal_effort_-_First_step_to_have_knowledge_-_Relativity_of_medical_knowledge_-_Mental_gymnastics_make_the_mind_supple
1956-12-12_-_paradoxes_-_Nothing_impossible_-_unfolding_universe,_the_Eternal_-_Attention,_concentration,_effort_-_growth_capacity_almost_unlimited_-_Why_things_are_not_the_same_-_will_and_willings_-_Suggestions,_formations_-_vital_world
1957-01-02_-_Can_one_go_out_of_time_and_space?_-_Not_a_crucified_but_a_glorified_body_-_Individual_effort_and_the_new_force
1958-09-24_-_Living_the_truth_-_Words_and_experience
1958-11-05_-_Knowing_how_to_be_silent
1960_06_29
1969_09_17
1.bs_-_Love_Springs_Eternal
1f.lovecraft_-_At_the_Mountains_of_Madness
1f.lovecraft_-_Deaf,_Dumb,_and_Blind
1f.lovecraft_-_In_the_Walls_of_Eryx
1f.lovecraft_-_Pickmans_Model
1f.lovecraft_-_Poetry_and_the_Gods
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Case_of_Charles_Dexter_Ward
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Colour_out_of_Space
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Descendant
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Dreams_in_the_Witch_House
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Electric_Executioner
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Haunter_of_the_Dark
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Horror_in_the_Museum
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Last_Test
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Little_Glass_Bottle
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Loved_Dead
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Lurking_Fear
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Picture_in_the_House
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Secret_Cave
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Shadow_out_of_Time
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Shadow_over_Innsmouth
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Thing_on_the_Doorstep
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Trap
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Unnamable
1f.lovecraft_-_The_Whisperer_in_Darkness
1f.lovecraft_-_Through_the_Gates_of_the_Silver_Key
1f.lovecraft_-_Till_A_the_Seas
1.fs_-_The_Gods_Of_Greece
1.jk_-_To_George_Felton_Mathew
1.jr_-_God_is_what_is_nearer_to_you_than_your_neck-vein,
1.jr_-_I_regard_not_the_outside_and_the_words
1.jr_-_Rise,_Lovers
1.kbr_-_I_Burst_Into_Laughter
1.kbr_-_I_burst_into_laughter
1.lb_-_Exile's_Letter
1.lb_-_Lament_of_the_Frontier_Guard
1.lb_-_Leave-Taking_Near_Shoku
1.lb_-_Poem_by_The_Bridge_at_Ten-Shin
1.lb_-_South-Folk_in_Cold_Country
1.lb_-_Taking_Leave_of_a_Friend_by_Li_Po_Tr._by_Ezra_Pound
1.lb_-_The_City_of_Choan
1.lb_-_The_River_Song
1.lovecraft_-_Fungi_From_Yuggoth
1.pbs_-_Letter_To_Maria_Gisborne
1.poe_-_Eureka_-_A_Prose_Poem
1.poe_-_The_Power_Of_Words_Oinos.
1.rb_-_A_Toccata_Of_Galuppi's
1.rwe_-_Seashore
1.wby_-_Blood_And_The_Moon
1.whitman_-_Eidolons
1.whitman_-_Song_of_Myself
1.whitman_-_Song_Of_Myself-_XXIII
1.whitman_-_Song_Of_The_Redwood-Tree
1.ww_-_The_Excursion-_VII-_Book_Sixth-_The_Churchyard_Among_the_Mountains
2.01_-_AT_THE_STAR_THEATRE
2.01_-_Indeterminates,_Cosmic_Determinations_and_the_Indeterminable
2.01_-_On_Books
2.01_-_THE_ADVENT_OF_LIFE
2.01_-_The_Therapeutic_value_of_Abreaction
2.01_-_The_Yoga_and_Its_Objects
2.02_-_Brahman,_Purusha,_Ishwara_-_Maya,_Prakriti,_Shakti
2.02_-_Habit_2__Begin_with_the_End_in_Mind
2.02_-_On_Letters
2.03_-_On_Medicine
2.03_-_THE_ENIGMA_OF_BOLOGNA
2.04_-_ADVICE_TO_ISHAN
2.05_-_Apotheosis
2.06_-_WITH_VARIOUS_DEVOTEES
2.07_-_On_Congress_and_Politics
2.07_-_The_Cup
2.08_-_ALICE_IN_WONDERLAND
2.09_-_On_Sadhana
2.09_-_SEVEN_REASONS_WHY_A_SCIENTIST_BELIEVES_IN_GOD
2.09_-_The_Pantacle
2.0_-_THE_ANTICHRIST
2.1.03_-_Man_and_Superman
2.10_-_THE_MASTER_AND_NARENDRA
2.11_-_WITH_THE_DEVOTEES_IN_CALCUTTA
2.12_-_THE_MASTERS_REMINISCENCES
2.12_-_The_Origin_of_the_Ignorance
2.13_-_On_Psychology
2.13_-_THE_MASTER_AT_THE_HOUSES_OF_BALARM_AND_GIRISH
2.1.4.2_-_Teaching
2.1.4.4_-_Homework
2.14_-_AT_RAMS_HOUSE
2.14_-_The_Unpacking_of_God
2.1.5.5_-_Other_Subjects
2.15_-_CAR_FESTIVAL_AT_BALARMS_HOUSE
2.15_-_On_the_Gods_and_Asuras
2.15_-_Reality_and_the_Integral_Knowledge
2.17_-_December_1938
2.17_-_THE_MASTER_ON_HIMSELF_AND_HIS_EXPERIENCES
2.18_-_January_1939
2.18_-_SRI_RAMAKRISHNA_AT_SYAMPUKUR
2.19_-_THE_MASTER_AND_DR._SARKAR
2.2.01_-_Work_and_Yoga
2.20_-_THE_MASTERS_TRAINING_OF_HIS_DISCIPLES
2.21_-_IN_THE_COMPANY_OF_DEVOTEES_AT_SYAMPUKUR
2.22_-_Rebirth_and_Other_Worlds;_Karma,_the_Soul_and_Immortality
2.22_-_THE_MASTER_AT_COSSIPORE
2.23_-_THE_MASTER_AND_BUDDHA
2.24_-_The_Evolution_of_the_Spiritual_Man
2.25_-_AFTER_THE_PASSING_AWAY
2.3.01_-_The_Planes_or_Worlds_of_Consciousness
23.10_-_Observations_II
24.03_-_Notes_on_Savitri_II
24.05_-_Vision_of_Dante
29.03_-_In_Her_Company
3.00_-_Introduction
3.00_-_The_Magical_Theory_of_the_Universe
3.01_-_THE_BIRTH_OF_THOUGHT
3.03_-_THE_MODERN_EARTH
3.04_-_LUNA
3.07_-_The_Formula_of_the_Holy_Grail
3.08_-_Of_Equilibrium
3.09_-_Of_Silence_and_Secrecy
31.06_-_Jagadish_Chandra_Bose
3.10_-_The_New_Birth
3.12_-_Of_the_Bloody_Sacrifice
3.18_-_Of_Clairvoyance_and_the_Body_of_Light
32.07_-_The_God_of_the_Scientist
3.2.08_-_Bhakti_Yoga_and_Vaishnavism
3.21_-_Of_Black_Magic
33.01_-_The_Initiation_of_Swadeshi
33.03_-_Muraripukur_-_I
33.07_-_Alipore_Jail
33.08_-_I_Tried_Sannyas
3.4.03_-_Materialism
3.5.01_-_Aphorisms
3-5_Full_Circle
37.05_-_Narada_-_Sanatkumara_(Chhandogya_Upanishad)
3.7.1.01_-_Rebirth
3.7.1.12_-_Karma_and_Justice
3.7.2.01_-_The_Foundation
3.7.2.03_-_Mind_Nature_and_Law_of_Karma
3_-_Commentaries_and_Annotated_Translations
4.01_-_THE_COLLECTIVE_ISSUE
4.01_-_The_Presence_of_God_in_the_World
4.02_-_BEYOND_THE_COLLECTIVE_-_THE_HYPER-PERSONAL
4.02_-_Humanity_in_Progress
4.0_-_The_Path_of_Knowledge
41.03_-_Bengali_Poems_of_Sri_Aurobindo
4.1_-_Jnana
5.01_-_ADAM_AS_THE_ARCANE_SUBSTANCE
5.1.03_-_The_Hostile_Forces_and_Hostile_Beings
5.4.01_-_Notes_on_Root-Sounds
5.4.01_-_Occult_Knowledge
6.0_-_Conscious,_Unconscious,_and_Individuation
7.08_-_Sincerity
7.10_-_Order
7_-_Yoga_of_Sri_Aurobindo
9.99_-_Glossary
Aeneid
APPENDIX_I_-_Curriculum_of_A._A.
Avatars_of_the_Tortoise
Blazing_P3_-_Explore_the_Stages_of_Postconventional_Consciousness
BOOK_III._-_The_external_calamities_of_Rome
BOOK_II._--_PART_I._ANTHROPOGENESIS.
BOOK_II._--_PART_III._ADDENDA._SCIENCE_AND_THE_SECRET_DOCTRINE_CONTRASTED
BOOK_II._--_PART_II._THE_ARCHAIC_SYMBOLISM_OF_THE_WORLD-RELIGIONS
BOOK_I._--_PART_I._COSMIC_EVOLUTION
BOOK_I._--_PART_III._SCIENCE_AND_THE_SECRET_DOCTRINE_CONTRASTED
BOOK_I._--_PART_II._THE_EVOLUTION_OF_SYMBOLISM_IN_ITS_APPROXIMATE_ORDER
Book_of_Genesis
BOOK_V._-_Of_fate,_freewill,_and_God's_prescience,_and_of_the_source_of_the_virtues_of_the_ancient_Romans
BOOK_XXI._-_Of_the_eternal_punishment_of_the_wicked_in_hell,_and_of_the_various_objections_urged_against_it
BS_1_-_Introduction_to_the_Idea_of_God
Conversations_with_Sri_Aurobindo
COSA_-_BOOK_IV
Cratylus
ENNEAD_01.03_-_Of_Dialectic,_or_the_Means_of_Raising_the_Soul_to_the_Intelligible_World.
ENNEAD_02.01_-_Of_the_Heaven.
ENNEAD_02.09_-_Against_the_Gnostics;_or,_That_the_Creator_and_the_World_are_Not_Evil.
ENNEAD_03.01_-_Concerning_Fate.
ENNEAD_03.07_-_Of_Time_and_Eternity.
ENNEAD_04.02_-_How_the_Soul_Mediates_Between_Indivisible_and_Divisible_Essence.
ENNEAD_04.03_-_Psychological_Questions.
ENNEAD_06.01_-_Of_the_Ten_Aristotelian_and_Four_Stoic_Categories.
ENNEAD_06.02_-_The_Categories_of_Plotinos.
ENNEAD_06.05_-_The_One_and_Identical_Being_is_Everywhere_Present_In_Its_Entirety.345
Gorgias
Jaap_Sahib_Text_(Guru_Gobind_Singh)
Liber
Liber_111_-_The_Book_of_Wisdom_-_LIBER_ALEPH_VEL_CXI
Liber_46_-_The_Key_of_the_Mysteries
Liber_71_-_The_Voice_of_the_Silence_-_The_Two_Paths_-_The_Seven_Portals
LUX.06_-_DIVINATION
Meno
MoM_References
Phaedo
r1912_07_19
r1913_11_18
r1914_03_26
r1914_07_28
r1914_08_20
r1915_01_10
r1915_05_21
Sayings_of_Sri_Ramakrishna_(text)
Sophist
Symposium_translated_by_B_Jowett
Tablets_of_Baha_u_llah_text
Talks_With_Sri_Aurobindo_1
Talks_With_Sri_Aurobindo_2
The_Act_of_Creation_text
Theaetetus
The_Anapanasati_Sutta__A_Practical_Guide_to_Mindfullness_of_Breathing_and_Tranquil_Wisdom_Meditation
The_Book_of_Job
The_Book_of_Joshua
The_Book_of_the_Prophet_Isaiah
The_Dwellings_of_the_Philosophers
The_Gospel_According_to_John
The_Gospel_According_to_Luke
The_Gospel_According_to_Mark
The_Gospel_According_to_Matthew
The_Logomachy_of_Zos
The_Lottery_in_Babylon
The_Monadology
The_Riddle_of_this_World
The_Shadow_Out_Of_Time
Timaeus
Verses_of_Vemana

PRIMARY CLASS

Language
Math
subject
SIMILAR TITLES
God and MATHEMATICS
How to Practice Shamatha Meditation The Cultivation of Meditative Quiescene
Math
Math (facts)
Math (formulas)
Savitri maths
The Principia Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
The Principles of Mathematics

DEFINITIONS


TERMS STARTING WITH

Mathadhipati (Sanskrit) Maṭhādhipati [from maṭha a seat of learning, instruction, or training + adhipati chief or ruler] The head or chief of a center of mystical instruction and training; hence also the principal of a college.

Mathakasa: Space bounded by a temple or a house or a room.

Matha (Sanskrit) Maṭha A seat of learning or instruction and training, especially for young Brahmins; or occasionally a temple. Also a hut or cottage, particularly of an ascetic, as a center of mystical training.

Mathcad ::: A symbolic mathematics environment.

Mathcad A {symbolic mathematics} environment.

Mathematical Analysis without Programming (MAP) An On-line system for mathematics under {CTSS}. [Sammet 1969, p. 240]. (1995-02-10)

Mathematical Analysis without Programming ::: (MAP) An On-line system for mathematics under CTSS.[Sammet 1969, p. 240]. (1995-02-10)

Mathematical Analyzer, Numerical Integrator and Computer "computer, history" (MANIAC, Or "Mathematical Analyzer, Numerator, Integrator, and Computer") An early computer, built for the {Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory}. MANIAC began operation in March 1952. Typical of early computers, it ran its own propriatery language. It was succeeded by {MANIAC II} in 1957. A {MANIAC III} was built at the University of Chicago in 1964. Contrary to legend, MANIAC did not run {MAD} ({Michigan Algorithm Decoder}), which was not invented until 1959. (2013-05-05)

Mathematical Point. See POINT; PRIMORDIAL POINT

Mathematica "tool, mathematics" A popular {symbolic mathematics} and graphics system, developed in 1988 by Stephen Wolfram and sold by {Wolfram Research}. The language emphasises rules and {pattern-matching}. The name was suggested by {Steve Jobs}. {(http://wri.com/mathematica/)}. {Stanford FTP (ftp://otter.stanford.edu/)}, {NCSA FTP (ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/)}. Mailing list: mathgroup-request@yoda.ncsa.uiuc.edu. {Usenet} newsgroup: {news:comp.soft-sys.math.mathematica}. ["Mathematica: A System for Doing Mathematics by Computer", Stephen Wolfram, A-W 1988]. (1995-05-01)

Mathematica ::: (tool, mathematics) A popular symbolic mathematics and graphics system, developed in 1988 by Stephen Wolfram and sold by Wolfram Research. The language emphasises rules and pattern-matching. The name was suggested by Steve Jobs. . .Mailing list: Usenet newsgroup: comp.soft-sys.math.mathematica.[Mathematica: A System for Doing Mathematics by Computer, Stephen Wolfram, A-W 1988]. (1995-05-01)

Mathematics in Recognizable Form Automatically Compiled "language" (MIRFAC) An early interactive system resembling {BASIC} using typewriter output with special mathematical symbols. [Sammet 1969, pp. 281-284]. (1997-08-01)

Mathematics in Recognizable Form Automatically Compiled ::: (language) (MIRFAC) An early interactive system resembling BASIC using typewriter output with special mathematical symbols.[Sammet 1969, pp. 281-284]. (1997-08-01)

Mathematics: The traditional definition of mathematics as "the science of quantity" or "the science of discrete and continuous magnitude" is today inadequate, in that modern mathematics, while clearly in some sense a single connected whole, includes many branches which do not come under this head. Contemporary accounts of the nature of mathematics tend to characterize it rather by its method than by its subject matter.

Mathers. [Rf. Westcott, The Study of the Kabalah,

Mathers, S. L. MacGregor (ed.). The Almadel of Solomon

Mathers, The Greater Key of Solomon; also the

Mathers, The Greater Key of Solomon, p. 112, and

Mathers, The Greater Key of Solomon, p. 63. In

Mathers, The Greater Key of Solomon, p. 80.]

Mathers, The Greater Key of Solomon .]

Mathers, The Greater Key of Solomon.

Mathers, The Greater Key of Solomon.]

Mathers, The Greater Key of Solomon .] Yahel is also

Mathers, The Kabbalah Unveiled.] In the tables

Mathers was published in London, 1887, by George

Mathey, then the presiding spirit is Sammael.

Math fab Mathonwy was a famous enchanter; in the mabinogi he is the teacher of Gwydion. Men are “enchanted by Math before” they “become immortal,” then by Gwydion the Initiator.

Mathiel— in de Abano, The Heptameron,

Mathiel is an angel serving in the 5th Heaven. He

MathJax "mathematics, web" A {JavaScript} {library} for rendering {mathematical symbols} in {web browsers} using {CSS} with {web fonts} or {SVG}. Input can be in {MathML}, {TeX} or {ASCIImath}. {MathJax Home (https://www.mathjax.org/)}. (2019-01-27)

Mathlai is a resident of the 2nd Heaven, and in¬

Mathlai —one of the spirits of the planet

Mathurā. [alt. Madhurā] (T. Bcom rlag; C. Motouluo; J. Machura; K. Mat'ura 摩偸羅). North central Indian city on the Yamunā River, located approximately thirty miles (fifty kms.) north of Agra, and renowned as the birthplace of Kṛsna. During the time of the Buddha, it was the capital of surasena and was ruled by King Avantiputra. The Buddha seems to have visited the city but did not preach there. Indeed, he seems to have disliked it; in the Madhurasutta, he enumerates its five disadvantages: uneven ground, excessive dust, fierce dogs, bestial spirits (YAKsA), and difficulty in obtaining alms. Buddhism gained favor there in later years, and Mathurā became one of the major scholastic centers of the SARVĀSTIVĀDA and/or MuLASARVĀSTIVĀDA school; both FAXIAN and XUANZANG describe it as a flourishing Buddhist city.

Mathura ::: [a town near Agra in North India, the birth-place of Krsna].

Mathura (Sanskrit) Mathurā The birthplace of Krishna, situated in the province of Agra on the right bank of the Yamuna River.

Mathurā

MathWorks {The MathWorks, Inc.}

matha ::: [monastery, hermitage].

mathematical ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to mathematics; according to mathematics; hence, theoretically precise; accurate; as, mathematical geography; mathematical instruments; mathematical exactness.

mathematical equations, to wit: Haniel = Anael = Anfiel = Aniyel = Anafiel = Onoel =

mathematical optimization

mathematic ::: a. --> See Mathematical.

mathematician ::: n. --> One versed in mathematics.

mathematics and can make men invisible. He

mathematics. He can render people invisible;

mathematics ::: n. --> That science, or class of sciences, which treats of the exact relations existing between quantities or magnitudes, and of the methods by which, in accordance with these relations, quantities sought are deducible from other quantities known or supposed; the science of spatial and quantitative relations.

mathematises ::: to reduce to or as if to mathematical formulas.

mather ::: n. --> See Madder.

mathesis ::: n. --> Learning; especially, mathematics.

mathes ::: n. --> The mayweed. Cf. Maghet.

MATHLAB ::: Symbolic math system, MITRE, 1964. Later version: MATHLAB 68 (PDP-6, 1967).[The Legacy of MATHLAB 68, C. Engelman, Proc 2nd Symp on Symbolic and Algebraic Manip, ACM (Mar 1971)].[Sammet 1969, p. 498].

MATHLAB Symbolic math system, MITRE, 1964. Later version: MATHLAB 68 (PDP-6, 1967). ["The Legacy of MATHLAB 68", C. Engelman, Proc 2nd Symp on Symbolic and Algebraic Manip, ACM (Mar 1971)]. [Sammet 1969, p. 498].

MATH-MATIC or MATHMATIC ::: Alternate name for AT-3. Early, pre-Fortran language for UNIVAC I or II. Sammet 1969.

MATH-MATIC or MATHMATIC Alternate name for AT-3. Early, pre-Fortran language for UNIVAC I or II. Sammet 1969.

math ::: n. --> A mowing, or that which is gathered by mowing; -- chiefly used in composition; as, an aftermath.

math-out (Possibly from "white-out", the blizzard variety) A paper or presentation so encrusted with mathematical or other formal notation as to be incomprehensible. This may be a device for concealing the fact that it is actually {content-free}. See also {numbers}, {social science number}. [{Jargon File}] (1994-12-14)

math-out ::: (Possibly from white-out, the blizzard variety) A paper or presentation so encrusted with mathematical or other formal notation as to be incomprehensible. This may be a device for concealing the fact that it is actually content-free.See also numbers, social science number.[Jargon File] (1994-12-14)

math&

mathurin ::: n. --> See Trinitarian.

mathusian ::: n. --> A follower of Malthus.


TERMS ANYWHERE

1-p ::: 1. A notation in Integral Mathematics that represents a first-person mode or perspective. 2. The inside view of any holon.

1p ::: A notation in Integral Mathematics that represents an actual but nonspecific first person.

2. A mathematical expectation is the value of any chance which depends upon some contingent event. Thus, if a person is to receive an amount of money upon the occurrence of an event which has an equal chance of happening or failing, the expectation is worth half that amount. The mathematical expectation of life is the average duration of life (of an individual or a group) after a given age, as determined by computation from the mortality tables.

2. In Logic and Mathematics, a collection, a manifold, a multiplicity, a set, an ensemble, an assemblage, a totality of elements (usually numbers or points) satisfying a given condition or subjected to definite operational laws. According to Cantor, an aggregate is any collection of separate objects of thought gathered into a whole; or again, any multiplicity which can be thought as one; or better, any totality of definite elements bound up into a whole by means of a law. Aggregates have several properties: for example, they have the "same power" when their respective elements can be brought into one-to-one correspondence; and they are "enumerable" when they have the same power as the aggregate of natural numbers. Aggregates may be finite or infinite; and the laws applying to each type are different and often incompatible, thus raising difficult philosophical problems. See One-One; Cardinal Number; Enumerable. Hence the practice to isolate the mathematical notion of the aggregate from its metaphysical implications and to consider such collections as symbols of a certain kind which are to facilitate mathematical calculations in much the same way as numbers do. In spite of the controversial nature of infinite sets great progress has been made in mathematics by the introduction of the Theory of Aggregates in arithmetic, geometry and the theory of functions. (German, Mannigfaltigkeit, Menge; French, Ensemble).

2p ::: A notation in Integral Mathematics that represents an actual but nonspecific second person.

2-p ::: A notation in Integral Mathematics that represents a second-person mode or perspective.

(3) In any proposition of form 'aRb', where R is a propositional function of two variables, a is termed the referent by contrast with the relatum b. (Due to Whitehead and Russell, Principia Mathematica). -- M.B.

3. In mathematical theory, prediction is an inference regarding an unknown or future event, from calculations involving probabilities and in particular the computation of correlations. Statistical predictions are usually made by means of regression coefficients and regression lines, which indicate the amount of change of one variable which accompanies a given amount of change in the other variable. The process of predicting values within the range of known data is called interpolation, and the process of predicting values beyond the range of known data is called extrapolation. The reliability of these predictions varies on the basis of the known variables, and of their limits. -- T.G.

3-p ::: 1. A notation in Integral Mathematics that represents a third-person mode or perspective. 2. The outside view of any holon.

3p ::: A notation in Integral Mathematics that represents an actual but nonspecific third person.

3. Syntactics. Theory of the formal relations (see Formal 2) among signs. Logical Syntax is syntactics applied to theoretical language (language of science); it contains the theory of formal calculi (q.v.), including formalized logic. Compare C. W. Morris, Foundations of the Theory or Signs, 1938; R. Carnap, Foundations of Logic and Mathematics, 1939. -- R.C.

A-0 "language" (Or A0) A language for the {UNIVAC I} or II, using {three-address code} instructions for solving mathematical problems. A-0 was the first language for which a {compiler} was developed. It was produced by {Grace Hopper}'s team at {Remington Rand} in 1952. Later internal versions were A-1, A-2, A-3, AT-3. AT-3 was released as {MATH-MATIC}. ["The A-2 Compiler System", Rem Rand, 1955]. [Sammet 1969, p. 12]. (1995-12-03)

ABC ALGOL "language" An extension of {ALGOL 60} with arbitrary data structures and user-defined operators, for {symbolic mathematics}. ["ABC ALGOL, A Portable Language for Formula Manipulation Systems", R.P. van de Riet, Amsterdam Math Centrum 1973]. (1994-10-28)

AberMUD "games" The first popular {open source} {MUD}. The first version of AberMUD, named after Aberystwyth, UK, was written in {B} by Alan Cox, Richard Acott, Jim Finnis, and Leon Thrane, at University of Wales, Aberystwyth for an old {Honeywell} {mainframe} and opened in 1987. The gameplay was heavily influenced by {MUD1}, written by Roy Trubshaw and Richard Bartle, which Alan Cox had played at the University of Essex. In late 1988, Alan Cox ported AberMUD to {C} so it could run under {UNIX} on Southampton University's Maths machines. This version was named AberMUD2. Various other versions followed. (2008-11-24)

abscissa "mathematics" The horizontal or x coordinate on an (x, y) graph; the input of a function against which the output is plotted. The vertical or y coordinate is the "{ordinate}". See {Cartesian coordinates}. (1997-07-08)

Abstract Machine Notation "language" (AMN) A language for specifying {abstract machines} in the {B-Method}, based on the mathematical theory of {Generalised Substitutions}. (1995-03-13)

aca-pramatha (pisacha-pramatha; pisacha pramatha; pisachopramatha) ::: the combination of pisaca and pramatha, which evolves in the asura type in the third manvantara of the sixth pratikalpa.

According to a view which is widely held by mathematicians, it is characteristic of a mathematical discipline that it begins with a set of undefined elements, properties, functions, and relations, and a set of unproved propositions (called axioms or postulates) involving them; and that from these all other propositions (called theorems) of the discipline are to be derived by the methods of formal logic. On its face, as thus stated, this view would identify mathematics with applied logic. It is usually added, however, that the undefined terms, which appear in the role of names of undefined elements, etc., are not really names of particulars at all but are variables, and that the theorems are to be regarded as proved for any values of these variables which render the postulates true. If then each theorem is replaced by the proposition embodying the implication from the conjunction of the postulates to the theorem in question, we have a reduction of mathematics to pure logic. (For a particular example of a set of postulates for a mathematical discipline see the article Arithmetic, foundations of.)

accuracy "mathematics" How close to the real value a measurement is. Compare {precision}. (1998-04-19)

A. Church, review of the preceding, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 4l (1935), pp. 498-603.

A consistency proof evidently loses much of its significance unless the methods employed in the proof are in some sense less than, or less dubitable than, the methods of proof which the logistic system is intended to formalize. Hilbert required that the methods employed in a consistency proof should be finitary -- a condition more stringent than that of intuitionistic acceptability. See Intuitionism (mathematical).

Active Language I "tool, mathematics" An early interactive mathematics system for the {XDS 930} at the {University of California at Berkeley}. ["Active Language I", R. de Vogelaere in Interactive Systems for Experimental Applied Mathematics, A-P 1968]. (1994-11-08)

additive "mathematics" A function f : X -" Y is additive if for all Z "= X f (lub Z) = lub { f z : z in Z } (f "preserves {lubs}"). All additive functions defined over {cpos} are {continuous}. (""=" is written in {LaTeX} as {\subseteq}, "lub" as \sqcup ). (1995-02-03)

affine transformation "mathematics" A {linear transformation} followed by a {translation}. Given a {matrix} M and a {vector} v, A(x) = Mx + v is a typical affine transformation. (1995-04-10)

aftergrass ::: n. --> The grass that grows after the first crop has been mown; aftermath.

aftermath ::: n. --> A second moving; the grass which grows after the first crop of hay in the same season; rowen.

Aftermath of descent: Whenever there .is a descent of the higher consciousness in the adhara: (1) Part of it is stored up in the frontal consdousness and remains there. (2) Part of it goes behind and remains as a support to the active part of the being. (3) Part flows out into the universal Nature. (4) Part is" absorbed by the inconsdent and lost to the individual cons- dousness and its action.

Agner Krarup Erlang "person" (1878-1929) A Danish mathematician. {Erlang} the language and unit were named after him. Interested in the theory of {probability}, in 1908 Erlang joined the Copenhagen Telephone Company where he studied the problem of waiting times for telephone calls. He worked out how to calculate the fraction of callers who must wait due to all the lines of an exchange being in use. His formula for loss and waiting time was published in 1917. It is now known as the "Erlang formula" and is still in use today. {Biography (http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Erlang.html)}, {Biography (http://pass.maths.org.uk/issue2/erlang/index.html)}. (2005-02-26)

A. Heyting, Mathematische Grundlagen-forschung, Intuitionismus, Beweistheorie, Berlin, 1934. Intuitionism (philosophical):

A. Heyting, Mathematische Grundlagenforschung, Intuitionismus, Beweistheorie, Berlin, 1934.

A. Heyting, Die intuitionistische Grundlegung der Mathematik. ibid., pp. 106-115.

aks.asa (pramatha-rakshasa) ::: the combination of pramatha and raks.asa, which evolves in the asura type in the fifth manvantara of the sixth pratikalpa.

ALADIN 1. "language" {A Language for Attributed Definitions}. 2. "tool" An interactive mathematics system for the {IBM 360}. ["A Conversational System for Engineering Assistance: ALADIN", Y. Siret, Proc Second Symp Symb Algebraic Math, ACM Mar 1971]. (1995-04-13)

ALAM "language" A language for {symbolic mathematics}, especially General Relativity. See also {CLAM}. ["ALAM Programmer's Manual", Ray D'Inverno, 1970]. (1994-10-28)

Alan Turing "person" Alan M. Turing, 1912-06-22/3? - 1954-06-07. A British mathematician, inventor of the {Turing Machine}. Turing also proposed the {Turing test}. Turing's work was fundamental in the theoretical foundations of computer science. Turing was a student and fellow of {King's College Cambridge} and was a graduate student at {Princeton University} from 1936 to 1938. While at Princeton Turing published "On Computable Numbers", a paper in which he conceived an {abstract machine}, now called a {Turing Machine}. Turing returned to England in 1938 and during World War II, he worked in the British Foreign Office. He masterminded operations at {Bletchley Park}, UK which were highly successful in cracking the Nazis "Enigma" codes during World War II. Some of his early advances in computer design were inspired by the need to perform many repetitive symbolic manipulations quickly. Before the building of the {Colossus} computer this work was done by a roomful of women. In 1945 he joined the {National Physical Laboratory} in London and worked on the design and construction of a large computer, named {Automatic Computing Engine} (ACE). In 1949 Turing became deputy director of the Computing Laboratory at Manchester where the {Manchester Automatic Digital Machine}, the worlds largest memory computer, was being built. He also worked on theories of {artificial intelligence}, and on the application of mathematical theory to biological forms. In 1952 he published the first part of his theoretical study of morphogenesis, the development of pattern and form in living organisms. Turing was gay, and died rather young under mysterious circumstances. He was arrested for violation of British homosexuality statutes in 1952. He died of potassium cyanide poisoning while conducting electrolysis experiments. An inquest concluded that it was self-administered but it is now thought by some to have been an accident. There is an excellent biography of Turing by Andrew Hodges, subtitled "The Enigma of Intelligence" and a play based on it called "Breaking the Code". There was also a popular summary of his work in Douglas Hofstadter's book "Gödel, Escher, Bach". {(http://AlanTuring.net/)}. (2001-10-09)

aleph 0 "mathematics" The {cardinality} of the first {infinite} {ordinal}, {omega} (the number of {natural numbers}). Aleph 1 is the cardinality of the smallest {ordinal} whose cardinality is greater than aleph 0, and so on up to aleph omega and beyond. These are all kinds of {infinity}. The {Axiom of Choice} (AC) implies that every set can be {well-ordered}, so every {infinite} {cardinality} is an aleph; but in the absence of AC there may be sets that can't be well-ordered (don't posses a {bijection} with any {ordinal}) and therefore have cardinality which is not an aleph. These sets don't in some way sit between two alephs; they just float around in an annoying way, and can't be compared to the alephs at all. No {ordinal} possesses a {surjection} onto such a set, but it doesn't surject onto any sufficiently large ordinal either. (1995-03-29)

Algebraic Manipulation Package "mathematics, tool" (AMP) A {symbolic mathematics} program written in {Modula-2}, seen on {CompuServe}. (1994-10-19)

algebraic structure "mathematics" Any formal mathematical system consisting of a set of objects and operations on those objects. Examples are {Boolean algebra}, numerical algebra, set algebra and matrix algebra. [Is this the most common name for this concept?] (1997-02-25)

algebra "mathematics, logic" 1. A loose term for an {algebraic structure}. 2. A {vector space} that is also a {ring}, where the vector space and the ring share the same addition operation and are related in certain other ways. An example algebra is the set of 2x2 {matrices} with {real numbers} as entries, with the usual operations of addition and matrix multiplication, and the usual {scalar} multiplication. Another example is the set of all {polynomials} with real coefficients, with the usual operations. In more detail, we have: (1) an underlying {set}, (2) a {field} of {scalars}, (3) an operation of scalar multiplication, whose input is a scalar and a member of the underlying set and whose output is a member of the underlying set, just as in a {vector space}, (4) an operation of addition of members of the underlying set, whose input is an {ordered pair} of such members and whose output is one such member, just as in a vector space or a ring, (5) an operation of multiplication of members of the underlying set, whose input is an ordered pair of such members and whose output is one such member, just as in a ring. This whole thing constitutes an `algebra' iff: (1) it is a vector space if you discard item (5) and (2) it is a ring if you discard (2) and (3) and (3) for any scalar r and any two members A, B of the underlying set we have r(AB) = (rA)B = A(rB). In other words it doesn't matter whether you multiply members of the algebra first and then multiply by the scalar, or multiply one of them by the scalar first and then multiply the two members of the algebra. Note that the A comes before the B because the multiplication is in some cases not commutative, e.g. the matrix example. Another example (an example of a {Banach algebra}) is the set of all {bounded} {linear operators} on a {Hilbert space}, with the usual {norm}. The multiplication is the operation of {composition} of operators, and the addition and scalar multiplication are just what you would expect. Two other examples are {tensor algebras} and {Clifford algebras}. [I. N. Herstein, "Topics in Algebra"]. (1999-07-14)

algebra ::: n. --> That branch of mathematics which treats of the relations and properties of quantity by means of letters and other symbols. It is applicable to those relations that are true of every kind of magnitude.
A treatise on this science.


algebra ::: the branch of mathematics that deals with general statements of relations, utilizing letters and other symbols to represent specific sets of numbers, values, vectors, etc., in the description of such relations. 2. Any special system of notation adapted to the study of a special system of relationship.

algorithm "algorithm, programming" A detailed sequence of actions to perform to accomplish some task. Named after the Iranian, Islamic mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and geographer, {Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi}. Technically, an algorithm must reach a result after a {finite} number of steps, thus ruling out {brute force} search methods for certain problems, though some might claim that brute force search was also a valid (generic) algorithm. The term is also used loosely for any sequence of actions (which may or may not terminate). {Paul E. Black's Dictionary of Algorithms, Data Structures, and Problems (http://nist.gov/dads/)}. (2002-02-05)

ALgorIthmic ASsembly language "language" (ALIAS) A machine oriented variant of {BLISS}. ALIAS was implemented in {BCPL} for the {PDP-9}. ["ALIAS", H.E. Barreveld, Int Rep, Math Dept, Delft U Tech, Netherlands, 1973]. (1997-03-13)

Algorithmic Model "programming" A method of estimating software cost using mathematical {algorithms} based on the parameters which are considered to be the major cost drivers. These estimate of effort or cost are based primarily on the size of the software or {Delivered Source Instructions} (DSI)s, and other productivity factors known as {Cost Driver Attributes}. See also {Parametric Model}. (1996-05-28)

Algorithm (or, less commonly, but etymologlcally more correctly, algorism): In its original usage, this word referred to the Arabic system of notation for numbers and to the elementary operations of arithmetic as performed in this notation. In mathematics, the word is used for a method or process of calculation with symbols (often, but not necessarily, numerical symbols) according to fixed rules which yields effectively the, solution of any given problem of some class of problems. -- A.C. Al

ALGY "language" An early language for {symbolic mathematics}. [Sammet 1969, p. 520]. (1995-04-12)

A like result may be obtained for the functional calculus of order omega (theory of types) by utilizing a representation of it within the Zermelo set theory. It is thus in a certain sense impossible to postulate the non-enumerable infinite: any set of postulates designed to do so will have an unintended interpretation within the enumerable. Usual sets of mathematical postulates for the real number system (see number) have an appearance to the contrary only because they are incompletely formalized (i.e., the mathematical concepts are formalized, while the underlying logic remains unformalized and indefinite).

Alonzo Church "person" A twentieth century mathematician and logician, and one of the founders of computer science. Church invented the {lambda-calculus} and posited a version of the {Church-Turing thesis}. (1995-03-25)

ALPS "language" 1. An interpreted {algebraic language} for the {Bendix G15} developed by Dr. Richard V. Andree (? - 1987), Joel C. Ewing and others of the {University of Oklahoma} from Spring 1966 (possibly 1965). Dale Peters "dpeters@theshop.net" reports that in the summer of 1966 he attended the second year of an {NSF}-sponsored summer institute in mathematics and computing at the University of Oklahoma. Dr. Andree's computing class mostly used the language GO-GO, later renamed ALPS. The language changed frequently during the class, which was occasionally disorienting. Dale believes it was also used in Summer 1965 and that it was about this time that {John G. Kemeny} (one of the designers of {Dartmouth BASIC}, 1963) saw it during a visit. Dr. Andree's January 1967 class mimeo notes on ALPS begin: "ALPS is a new programming language designed and perfected by Mr. Harold Bradbury, Mr. Joel Ewing and Mr. Harold Wiebe, members of the O.U. Mathematics Computer Consultants Group under the direction of Dr. Richard V. Andree. ALPS is designed to be used with a minimum of training to solve numerical problems on a computer with typewriter stations and using man-computer cooperation by persons who have little familiarity with advanced mathematics." The initial version of what evolved into ALPS was designed and implemented by Joel Ewing (a pre-senior undergrad) in G15 {machine language} out of frustration with the lack of applications to use the G15's dual-case alphanumeric I/O capabilities. Harold Wiebe also worked on the code. Others, including Ralph Howenstine, a member of the O.U. Math Computer Consultants Group, contributed to the design of extensions and Dr. Andree authored all the instructional materials, made the outside world aware of the language and encouraged work on the language. (2006-10-10) 2. A parallel {logic language}. ["Synchronization and Scheduling in ALPS Objects", P. Vishnubhotia, Proc 8th Intl Conf Distrib Com Sys, IEEE 1988, pp. 256-264]. (1994-11-24)

AM 1. "communications" {Amplitude Modulation}. 2. "artificial intelligence" A program by {Doug Lenat} to discover concepts in elementary mathematics. AM was written in 1976 in {Interlisp}. From 100 fundamental concepts and about 250 {heuristics} it discovered several important mathematical concepts including subsets, disjoint sets, sets with the same number of elements, and numbers. It worked by filling slots in {frames} maintaining an agenda of resource-limited prioritised tasks. AM's successor was {Eurisko}. {(http://homepages.enterprise.net/hibou/aicourse/lenat.txt)}. (1999-04-19)

AMBIT/G "language" {AMBIT} for graphs. ["An Example of the Manipulation of Directed Graphs in the AMBIT/G Programming Language", C. Christensen, in Interactive Systems for Experimental Applied Mathematics, M. Klerer et al, eds, Academic Press 1968, pp. 423-435]. (1994-12-08)

AMP 1. "mathematics, tool" {Algebraic Manipulation Package}. 2. "networking, tool" {Active Measurement Project}.

AMTRAN {Automatic Mathematical TRANslation}

A. M. Turing, On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem, Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, ser. 2 vol. 42 (1937), pp. 230-265, and Correction, ibid., ser. 2 vol. 43 (1937), pp. 544-546.

Analogy: Originally a mathematical term, Analogia, meaning equality of ratios (Euclid VII Df. 20, V. Dfs. 5, 6), which entered Plato's philosophy (Republic 534a6), where it also expressed the epistemological doctrine that sensed things are related as their mathematical and ideal correlates. In modern usage analogy was identified with a weak form of reasoning in which "from the similarity of two things in certain particulars, their similarity in other particulars is inferred." (Century Dic.) Recently, the analysis of scientific method has given the term new significance. The observable data of science are denoted by concepts by inspection, whose complete meaning is given by something immediately apprehendable; its verified theory designating unobservable scientific objects is expressed by concepts by postulation, whose complete meaning is prescribed for them by the postulates of the deductive theory in which they occur. To verify such theory relations, termed epistemic correlations (J. Un. Sc. IX: 125-128), are required. When these are one-one, analogy exists in a very precise sense, since the concepts by inspection denoting observable data are then related as are the correlated concepts by postulation designating unobservable scientific objects. -- F.S.C.N. Analogy of Pythagoras: (Gr. analogia) The equality of ratios, or proportion, between the lengths of the strings producing the consonant notes of the musical scale. The discovery of these ratios is credited to Pythagoras, who is also said to have applied the principle of mathematical proportion to the other arts, and hence to have discovered, in his analogy, the secret of beauty in all its forms. -- G.R.M.

Analysis (mathematical): The theory of real numbers, of complex numbers, and of functions of real and complex numbers. See number; continuity; limit. -- A. C.

Andrei Markov "person" 1856-1922. The Russian mathematician, after who {Markov chains} were named. {Biography (http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Markov.html)}. [Other contributions?] (1995-10-06)

An expression A introduced by contextual definition -- i.e., by a definition which construes particular kinds of expressions containing A, as abbreviations or substitutes for certain expressions not containing A, but provides no such construction for A itself -- is an incomplete symbol in this sense. In Principia Mathematica, notations for classes, and descriptions (more correctly, notations which serve some of the purposes that would be served by notations for classes and by descriptions) are introduced in this way by contextual definition. -- A. C.

An important mathematical example of continuous order is afforded by the real numbers, ordered by the relation not greater than. According to usual geometric postulates, the points on a straight line also have continuous order, and, indeed, have the same order type as the real numbers.

antichain "mathematics" A subset S of a {partially ordered set} P is an antichain if, for all x, y in S, x "= y =" x = y I.e. no two different elements are related. (""=" is written in {LaTeX} as {\subseteq}). (1995-02-03)

antisymmetric "mathematics" A {relation} R is antisymmetric if, for all x and y, x R y and y R x =" x == y. I.e. no two different elements are mutually related. {Partial orders} and {total orders} are antisymmetric. If R is also {symmetric}, i.e. x R y =" y R x then x R y =" x == y I.e. different elements are not related. (1995-04-18)

A. N. Whitehead. An Introduction to Mathematics, London, 1911, and New York, 1911.

a person who is practised in or who studies geometry, the branch of mathematics that deals with the deduction of the properties, measurement, and relationships of points, lines, angles, and figures in space from their defining conditions by means of certain assumed properties of space. World-Geometer"s.

apple-touch-icon-precomposed "programming" An alternative form of {apple-touch-icon} that is not subject to automatic modification (rounding, drop-shadow, reflective shine) as applied by {iOS} versions prior to iOS 7. A {web page} specifies a pre-composed icon by including an element in the "head" like: "link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"" The icon can be provided in various different resolutions for different screen sizes and resolutions, e.g. apple-touch-icon-152x152-precomposed.png for {retina iPad} with {iOS7}. {Everything you always wanted to know about touch icons (https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/touch-icons)}. (2018-08-19)

A Programming Language "language" (APL) A programming language designed originally by Ken Iverson at Harvard University in 1957-1960 as a notation for the concise expression of mathematical {algorithms}. It went unnamed (or just called Iverson's Language) and unimplemented for many years. Finally a subset, APL\360, was implemented in 1964. APL is an interactive array-oriented language and programming environment with many innovative features. It was originally written using a non-standard {character set}. It is {dynamically typed} with {dynamic scope}. APL introduced several functional forms but is not {purely functional}. Dyalog APL/W and Visual APL are recognized .{NET} languages. Dyalog APL/W, APLX and APL2000 all offer {object-oriented} extensions to the language. ISO 8485 is the 1989 standard defining the language. Commercial versions: APL SV, VS APL, Sharp APL, Sharp APL/PC, APL*PLUS, APL*PLUS/PC, APL*PLUS/PC II, MCM APL, Honeyapple, DEC APL, {APL+Win, APL+Linux, APL+Unix and VisualAPL (http://www.apl2000.com/)}, {Dyalog APL (http://www.dyalog.com/)}, {IBM APL2 (http://www-306.ibm.com/software/awdtools/apl/)}, {APLX (http://www.microapl.co.uk/apl/)}, {Sharp APL (http://www.soliton.com/services_sharp.html)} Open source version: {NARS2000 (http://www.nars2000.org/)}. {APL wiki (http://aplwiki.com/)}. See also {Kamin's interpreters}. {APLWEB (http://www.microapl.co.uk/apl/)} translates {WEB} to APL. ["A Programming Language", Kenneth E. Iverson, Wiley, 1962]. ["APL: An Interactive Approach", 1976]. (2009-08-11)

arc 1. "file format, tool" An old {archive} format for {IBM PC}. The format is now so obscure that it is only likely to be supported by jack-of-all-trades decompression programs such as {WINZIP}. 2. "mathematics, data" An {edge} in a {tree}. "{branch}" is a generally more common synonym. (1998-12-29)

argument "programming" (Or "arg") A value or reference passed to a {function}, {procedure}, {subroutine}, command or program, by the caller. For example, in the function definition square(x) = x * x x is the {formal argument} or "parameter", and in the call y = square(3+4) 3+4 is the {actual argument}. This will execute the function square with x having the value 7 and return the result 49. There are many different conventions for passing arguments to functions and procedures including {call-by-value}, {call-by-name}, {call-by-reference}, {call-by-need}. These affect whether the value of the argument is computed by the caller or the callee (the function) and whether the callee can modify the value of the argument as seen by the caller (if it is a variable). Arguments to functions are usually, following mathematical notation, written in parentheses after the function name, separated by commas (but see {curried function}). Arguments to a program are usually given after the command name, separated by spaces, e.g.: cat myfile yourfile hisfile Here "cat" is the command and "myfile", "yourfile", and "hisfile" are the arguments. (2006-05-27)

Aristotle's Illusion: See Aristotle's Experiment. Arithmetic, foundations of: Arithmetic (i.e., the mathematical theory of the non-negative integers, 0, 1, 2, . . .) may be based on the five following postulates, which are due to Peano (and Dedekind, from whom Peano's ideas were partly derived): N(0) N(x) ⊃x N(S(x)). N(x) ⊃x [N(y) ⊃y [[S(x) = S(y)] ⊃x [x = y]]]. N(x) ⊃x ∼[S(x) = 0]. F(0)[N(x)F(x) ⊃x F(S(x))] ⊃F [N(x) ⊃x F(x)] The undefined terms are here 0, N, S, which may be interpreted as denoting, respectively, the non-negative integer 0, the propositional function to be a non-negative integer, and the function +1 (so that S(x) is x+l). The underlying logic may be taken to be the functional calculus of second order (Logic, formal, § 6), with the addition of notations for descriptions and for functions from individuals to individuals, and the individual constant 0, together with appropriate modifications and additions to the primitive formulas and primitive rules of inference (the axiom of infinity is not needed because the Peano postulates take its place). By adding the five postulates of Peano as primitive formulas to this underlying logic, a logistic system is obtained which is adequate to extant elementary number theory (arithmetic) and to all methods of proof which have found actual employment in elementary number theory (and are normally considered to belong to elementary number theory). But of course, the system, if consistent, is incomplete in the sense of Gödel's theorem (Logic, formal, § 6).

arithmetic mean "mathematics" The {mean} of a list of N numbers calculated by dividing their sum by N. The arithmetic mean is appropriate for sets of numbers that are added together or that form an {arithmetic series}. If all the numbers in the list were changed to their arithmetic mean then their total would stay the same. For sets of numbers that are multiplied together, the {geometric mean} is more appropriate. (2007-03-20)

Ars Combinatoria: (Leibniz) An art or technique of deriving or inventing complex concepts by a combination of a relatively few simple ones taken as primitive. This technique was proposed as a valuable subject for study by Leibniz in De Arte Combinatoria (1666) but was never greatly developed by him. Leibniz's program for logic consisted of two main projects: (1) the development of a universal characteristic (characteristica universalis), and (2) the development of a universal mathematics (mathesis universalis (q.v.). The universal characteristic was to be a universal language for scientists and philosophers. With a relatively few basic symbols for the ultimately simple ideas, and a suitable technique for constructing compound ideas out of the simple ones, Leibniz thought that a language could be constructed which would be much more efficient for reasoning and for communication than the vague, complicated, and more or less parochial languages then available. This language would be completely universal in the sense that all scientific and philosophical concepts could be expressed in it, and also in that it would enable scholars m all countries to communicate over the barriers of their vernacular tongues. Leibniz's proposals in this matter, and what work he did on it, are the grand predecessors of a vast amount of research which has been done in the last hundred years on the techniques of language construction, and specifically on the invention of formal rules and procedures for introducing new terms into a language on the basis of terms already present, the general project of constructing a unified language for science and philosophy. L. Couturat, La Logique de Leibniz, Paris, 1901; C. I. Lewis, A Survey of Symbolic Logic, Berkeley, 1918. -- F.L.W.

Ars magna Raymundi: A device by which Raymundus Lullus, Ramon Lul, thought to arrive at all possible conclusions from certain given principles or notions. A very imperfect precursor of Leibniz's mathesis universalis. See Lullic art. -- R.A.

artificial neural network "artificial intelligence" (ANN, commonly just "neural network" or "neural net") A network of many very simple processors ("units" or "neurons"), each possibly having a (small amount of) local memory. The units are connected by unidirectional communication channels ("connections"), which carry numeric (as opposed to symbolic) data. The units operate only on their local data and on the inputs they receive via the connections. A neural network is a processing device, either an {algorithm}, or actual hardware, whose design was inspired by the design and functioning of animal brains and components thereof. Most neural networks have some sort of "training" rule whereby the weights of connections are adjusted on the basis of presented patterns. In other words, neural networks "learn" from examples, just like children learn to recognise dogs from examples of dogs, and exhibit some structural capability for generalisation. Neurons are often elementary non-linear signal processors (in the limit they are simple threshold discriminators). Another feature of NNs which distinguishes them from other computing devices is a high degree of interconnection which allows a high degree of parallelism. Further, there is no idle memory containing data and programs, but rather each neuron is pre-programmed and continuously active. The term "neural net" should logically, but in common usage never does, also include biological neural networks, whose elementary structures are far more complicated than the mathematical models used for ANNs. See {Aspirin}, {Hopfield network}, {McCulloch-Pitts neuron}. {Usenet} newsgroup: {news:comp.ai.neural-nets}. (1997-10-13)

Ashmedai "tool" A {symbolic mathematics} package by Michael Levine "levine@cpwsca.psc.edu" that influenced {SMP} and {FORM}. There are versions for the {Univac 1108} and {VAX}/{VMS}. (1995-03-21)

A

assignment problem "mathematics, algorithm" (Or "linear assignment") Any problem involving minimising the sum of C(a, b) over a set P of pairs (a, b) where a is an element of some set A and b is an element of set B, and C is some function, under constraints such as "each element of A must appear exactly once in P" or similarly for B, or both. For example, the a's could be workers and the b's projects. The problem is "linear" because the "cost function" C() depends only on the particular pairing (a, b) and is independent of all other pairings. {(http://forum.swarthmore.edu/epigone/comp.soft-sys.matlab/bringhyclu)}. {(http://soci.swt.edu/capps/prob.htm)}. {(http://mat.gsia.cmu.edu/GROUP95/0577.html)}. {(http://informs.org/Conf/WA96/TALKS/SB24.3.html)}. [Algorithms?] (1999-07-12)

assignment "programming" Storing the value of an expression in a {variable}. This is commonly written in the form "v = e". In {Algol} the assignment operator was ":=" (pronounced "becomes") to avoid mathematicians qualms about writing statements like x = x+1. Assignment is not allowed in {functional languages}, where an {identifier} always has the same value. See also {referential transparency}, {single assignment}, {zero assignment}. (1996-08-19)

Association for Computing "body" (ACM, before 1997 - "Association for Computing Machinery") The largest and oldest international scientific and educational computer society in the industry. Founded in 1947, only a year after the unveiling of {ENIAC}, ACM was established by mathematicians and electrical engineers to advance the science and application of {Information Technology}. {John Mauchly}, co-inventor of the ENIAC, was one of ACM's founders. Since its inception ACM has provided its members and the world of computer science a forum for the sharing of knowledge on developments and achievements necessary to the fruitful interchange of ideas. ACM has 90,000 members - educators, researchers, practitioners, managers, and engineers - who drive the Association's major programs and services - publications, special interest groups, chapters, conferences, awards, and special activities. The ACM Press publishes journals (notably {CACM}), book series, conference proceedings, {CD-ROM}, {hypertext}, {video}, and specialized publications such as curricula recommendations and self-assessment procedures. {(http://info.acm.org/)}. (1998-02-24)

Assumption: A proposition which is taken or posed in order to draw inferences from it; or the act of so taking, posing, or assuming a proposition. The motive for an assumption may be (but need not necessarily be) a belief in the truth, or possible truth, of the proposition assumed; or the motive may be an attempt to refute the proposition by reductio ad absurdum (q.v.). The word assumption has also sometimes been used as a synonym of axiom, or postulate (see the article Mathematics). -- A.C.

AT-3 "language" The original name of {MATH-MATIC}. [Sammet 1969, p. 135]. (2000-02-24)

Atanasoff-Berry Computer "computer" (ABC) An early design for a binary calculator, one of the predecessors of the {digital computer}. The ABC was partially constructed between 1937 and 1942 by Dr. {John Vincent Atanasoff} and Clifford Berry at {Iowa State College}. As well as {binary} arithmetic, it incorporated {regenerative memory}, {parallel processing}, and separation of memory and computing functions. The electronic parts were mounted on a rotating drum, making it hybrid electronic/electromechanical. It was designed to handle only a single type of mathematical problem and was not automated. The results of a single calculation cycle had to be retrieved by a human operator, and fed back into the machine with all new instructions, to perform complex operations. It lacked any serious form of logical control or {conditional} statements. Atanasoff's patent application was denied because he never have a completed, working product. Ideas from the ABC were used in the design of {ENIAC} (1943-1946). {(http://cs.iastate.edu/jva/jva-archive.shtml)}. (2003-09-28)

A. Tarski, Einige Betrachtungen uber die Begriffe der ω-Widerspruchsfreiheit und der ω-Vollstandigkeit, Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik, vol. 40 (1933), pp. 97-112.

Aufklärung: In general, this German word and its English equivalent Enlightenment denote the self-emancipation of man from mere authority, prejudice, convention and tradition, with an insistence on freer thinking about problems uncritically referred to these other agencies. According to Kant's famous definition "Enlightenment is the liberation of man from his self-caused state of minority, which is the incapacity of using one's understanding without the direction of another. This state of minority is caused when its source lies not in the lack of understanding, but in the lack of determination and courage to use it without the assistance of another" (Was ist Aufklärung? 1784). In its historical perspective, the Aufklärung refers to the cultural atmosphere and contrlbutions of the 18th century, especially in Germany, France and England [which affected also American thought with B. Franklin, T. Paine and the leaders of the Revolution]. It crystallized tendencies emphasized by the Renaissance, and quickened by modern scepticism and empiricism, and by the great scientific discoveries of the 17th century. This movement, which was represented by men of varying tendencies, gave an impetus to general learning, a more popular philosophy, empirical science, scriptural criticism, social and political thought. More especially, the word Aufklärung is applied to the German contributions to 18th century culture. In philosophy, its principal representatives are G. E. Lessing (1729-81) who believed in free speech and in a methodical criticism of religion, without being a free-thinker; H. S. Reimarus (1694-1768) who expounded a naturalistic philosophy and denied the supernatural origin of Christianity; Moses Mendelssohn (1729-86) who endeavoured to mitigate prejudices and developed a popular common-sense philosophy; Chr. Wolff (1679-1754), J. A. Eberhard (1739-1809) who followed the Leibnizian rationalism and criticized unsuccessfully Kant and Fichte; and J. G. Herder (1744-1803) who was best as an interpreter of others, but whose intuitional suggestions have borne fruit in the organic correlation of the sciences, and in questions of language in relation to human nature and to national character. The works of Kant and Goethe mark the culmination of the German Enlightenment. Cf. J. G. Hibben, Philosophy of the Enlightenment, 1910. --T.G. Augustinianism: The thought of St. Augustine of Hippo, and of his followers. Born in 354 at Tagaste in N. Africa, A. studied rhetoric in Carthage, taught that subject there and in Rome and Milan. Attracted successively to Manicheanism, Scepticism, and Neo-Platontsm, A. eventually found intellectual and moral peace with his conversion to Christianity in his thirty-fourth year. Returning to Africa, he established numerous monasteries, became a priest in 391, Bishop of Hippo in 395. Augustine wrote much: On Free Choice, Confessions, Literal Commentary on Genesis, On the Trinity, and City of God, are his most noted works. He died in 430.   St. Augustine's characteristic method, an inward empiricism which has little in common with later variants, starts from things without, proceeds within to the self, and moves upwards to God. These three poles of the Augustinian dialectic are polarized by his doctrine of moderate illuminism. An ontological illumination is required to explain the metaphysical structure of things. The truth of judgment demands a noetic illumination. A moral illumination is necessary in the order of willing; and so, too, an lllumination of art in the aesthetic order. Other illuminations which transcend the natural order do not come within the scope of philosophy; they provide the wisdoms of theology and mysticism. Every being is illuminated ontologically by number, form, unity and its derivatives, and order. A thing is what it is, in so far as it is more or less flooded by the light of these ontological constituents.   Sensation is necessary in order to know material substances. There is certainly an action of the external object on the body and a corresponding passion of the body, but, as the soul is superior to the body and can suffer nothing from its inferior, sensation must be an action, not a passion, of the soul. Sensation takes place only when the observing soul, dynamically on guard throughout the body, is vitally attentive to the changes suffered by the body. However, an adequate basis for the knowledge of intellectual truth is not found in sensation alone. In order to know, for example, that a body is multiple, the idea of unity must be present already, otherwise its multiplicity could not be recognized. If numbers are not drawn in by the bodily senses which perceive only the contingent and passing, is the mind the source of the unchanging and necessary truth of numbers? The mind of man is also contingent and mutable, and cannot give what it does not possess. As ideas are not innate, nor remembered from a previous existence of the soul, they can be accounted for only by an immutable source higher than the soul. In so far as man is endowed with an intellect, he is a being naturally illuminated by God, Who may be compared to an intelligible sun. The human intellect does not create the laws of thought; it finds them and submits to them. The immediate intuition of these normative rules does not carry any content, thus any trace of ontologism is avoided.   Things have forms because they have numbers, and they have being in so far as they possess form. The sufficient explanation of all formable, and hence changeable, things is an immutable and eternal form which is unrestricted in time and space. The forms or ideas of all things actually existing in the world are in the things themselves (as rationes seminales) and in the Divine Mind (as rationes aeternae). Nothing could exist without unity, for to be is no other than to be one. There is a unity proper to each level of being, a unity of the material individual and species, of the soul, and of that union of souls in the love of the same good, which union constitutes the city. Order, also, is ontologically imbibed by all beings. To tend to being is to tend to order; order secures being, disorder leads to non-being. Order is the distribution which allots things equal and unequal each to its own place and integrates an ensemble of parts in accordance with an end. Hence, peace is defined as the tranquillity of order. Just as things have their being from their forms, the order of parts, and their numerical relations, so too their beauty is not something superadded, but the shining out of all their intelligible co-ingredients.   S. Aurelii Augustini, Opera Omnia, Migne, PL 32-47; (a critical edition of some works will be found in the Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum, Vienna). Gilson, E., Introd. a l'etude de s. Augustin, (Paris, 1931) contains very good bibliography up to 1927, pp. 309-331. Pope, H., St. Augustine of Hippo, (London, 1937). Chapman, E., St. Augustine's Philos. of Beauty, (N. Y., 1939). Figgis, J. N., The Political Aspects of St. Augustine's "City of God", (London, 1921). --E.C. Authenticity: In a general sense, genuineness, truth according to its title. It involves sometimes a direct and personal characteristic (Whitehead speaks of "authentic feelings").   This word also refers to problems of fundamental criticism involving title, tradition, authorship and evidence. These problems are vital in theology, and basic in scholarship with regard to the interpretation of texts and doctrines. --T.G. Authoritarianism: That theory of knowledge which maintains that the truth of any proposition is determined by the fact of its having been asserted by a certain esteemed individual or group of individuals. Cf. H. Newman, Grammar of Assent; C. S. Peirce, "Fixation of Belief," in Chance, Love and Logic, ed. M. R. Cohen. --A.C.B. Autistic thinking: Absorption in fanciful or wishful thinking without proper control by objective or factual material; day dreaming; undisciplined imagination. --A.C.B. Automaton Theory: Theory that a living organism may be considered a mere machine. See Automatism. Automatism: (Gr. automatos, self-moving) (a) In metaphysics: Theory that animal and human organisms are automata, that is to say, are machines governed by the laws of physics and mechanics. Automatism, as propounded by Descartes, considered the lower animals to be pure automata (Letter to Henry More, 1649) and man a machine controlled by a rational soul (Treatise on Man). Pure automatism for man as well as animals is advocated by La Mettrie (Man, a Machine, 1748). During the Nineteenth century, automatism, combined with epiphenomenalism, was advanced by Hodgson, Huxley and Clifford. (Cf. W. James, The Principles of Psychology, Vol. I, ch. V.) Behaviorism, of the extreme sort, is the most recent version of automatism (See Behaviorism).   (b) In psychology: Psychological automatism is the performance of apparently purposeful actions, like automatic writing without the superintendence of the conscious mind. L. C. Rosenfield, From Beast Machine to Man Machine, N. Y., 1941. --L.W. Automatism, Conscious: The automatism of Hodgson, Huxley, and Clifford which considers man a machine to which mind or consciousness is superadded; the mind of man is, however, causally ineffectual. See Automatism; Epiphenomenalism. --L.W. Autonomy: (Gr. autonomia, independence) Freedom consisting in self-determination and independence of all external constraint. See Freedom. Kant defines autonomy of the will as subjection of the will to its own law, the categorical imperative, in contrast to heteronomy, its subjection to a law or end outside the rational will. (Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals, § 2.) --L.W. Autonomy of ethics: A doctrine, usually propounded by intuitionists, that ethics is not a part of, and cannot be derived from, either metaphysics or any of the natural or social sciences. See Intuitionism, Metaphysical ethics, Naturalistic ethics. --W.K.F. Autonomy of the will: (in Kant's ethics) The freedom of the rational will to legislate to itself, which constitutes the basis for the autonomy of the moral law. --P.A.S. Autonymy: In the terminology introduced by Carnap, a word (phrase, symbol, expression) is autonymous if it is used as a name for itself --for the geometric shape, sound, etc. which it exemplifies, or for the word as a historical and grammatical unit. Autonymy is thus the same as the Scholastic suppositio matertalis (q. v.), although the viewpoint is different. --A.C. Autotelic: (from Gr. autos, self, and telos, end) Said of any absorbing activity engaged in for its own sake (cf. German Selbstzweck), such as higher mathematics, chess, etc. In aesthetics, applied to creative art and play which lack any conscious reference to the accomplishment of something useful. In the view of some, it may constitute something beneficent in itself of which the person following his art impulse (q.v.) or playing is unaware, thus approaching a heterotelic (q.v.) conception. --K.F.L. Avenarius, Richard: (1843-1896) German philosopher who expressed his thought in an elaborate and novel terminology in the hope of constructing a symbolic language for philosophy, like that of mathematics --the consequence of his Spinoza studies. As the most influential apostle of pure experience, the posltivistic motive reaches in him an extreme position. Insisting on the biologic and economic function of thought, he thought the true method of science is to cure speculative excesses by a return to pure experience devoid of all assumptions. Philosophy is the scientific effort to exclude from knowledge all ideas not included in the given. Its task is to expel all extraneous elements in the given. His uncritical use of the category of the given and the nominalistic view that logical relations are created rather than discovered by thought, leads him to banish not only animism but also all of the categories, substance, causality, etc., as inventions of the mind. Explaining the evolution and devolution of the problematization and deproblematization of numerous ideas, and aiming to give the natural history of problems, Avenarius sought to show physiologically, psychologically and historically under what conditions they emerge, are challenged and are solved. He hypothesized a System C, a bodily and central nervous system upon which consciousness depends. R-values are the stimuli received from the world of objects. E-values are the statements of experience. The brain changes that continually oscillate about an ideal point of balance are termed Vitalerhaltungsmaximum. The E-values are differentiated into elements, to which the sense-perceptions or the content of experience belong, and characters, to which belongs everything which psychology describes as feelings and attitudes. Avenarius describes in symbolic form a series of states from balance to balance, termed vital series, all describing a series of changes in System C. Inequalities in the vital balance give rise to vital differences. According to his theory there are two vital series. It assumes a series of brain changes because parallel series of conscious states can be observed. The independent vital series are physical, and the dependent vital series are psychological. The two together are practically covariants. In the case of a process as a dependent vital series three stages can be noted: first, the appearance of the problem, expressed as strain, restlessness, desire, fear, doubt, pain, repentance, delusion; the second, the continued effort and struggle to solve the problem; and finally, the appearance of the solution, characterized by abating anxiety, a feeling of triumph and enjoyment.   Corresponding to these three stages of the dependent series are three stages of the independent series: the appearance of the vital difference and a departure from balance in the System C, the continuance with an approximate vital difference, and lastly, the reduction of the vital difference to zero, the return to stability. By making room for dependent and independent experiences, he showed that physics regards experience as independent of the experiencing indlvidual, and psychology views experience as dependent upon the individual. He greatly influenced Mach and James (q.v.). See Avenarius, Empirio-criticism, Experience, pure. Main works: Kritik der reinen Erfahrung; Der menschliche Weltbegriff. --H.H. Averroes: (Mohammed ibn Roshd) Known to the Scholastics as The Commentator, and mentioned as the author of il gran commento by Dante (Inf. IV. 68) he was born 1126 at Cordova (Spain), studied theology, law, medicine, mathematics, and philosophy, became after having been judge in Sevilla and Cordova, physician to the khalifah Jaqub Jusuf, and charged with writing a commentary on the works of Aristotle. Al-mansur, Jusuf's successor, deprived him of his place because of accusations of unorthodoxy. He died 1198 in Morocco. Averroes is not so much an original philosopher as the author of a minute commentary on the whole works of Aristotle. His procedure was imitated later by Aquinas. In his interpretation of Aristotelian metaphysics Averroes teaches the coeternity of a universe created ex nihilo. This doctrine formed together with the notion of a numerical unity of the active intellect became one of the controversial points in the discussions between the followers of Albert-Thomas and the Latin Averroists. Averroes assumed that man possesses only a disposition for receiving the intellect coming from without; he identifies this disposition with the possible intellect which thus is not truly intellectual by nature. The notion of one intellect common to all men does away with the doctrine of personal immortality. Another doctrine which probably was emphasized more by the Latin Averroists (and by the adversaries among Averroes' contemporaries) is the famous statement about "two-fold truth", viz. that a proposition may be theologically true and philosophically false and vice versa. Averroes taught that religion expresses the (higher) philosophical truth by means of religious imagery; the "two-truth notion" came apparently into the Latin text through a misinterpretation on the part of the translators. The works of Averroes were one of the main sources of medieval Aristotelianlsm, before and even after the original texts had been translated. The interpretation the Latin Averroists found in their texts of the "Commentator" spread in spite of opposition and condemnation. See Averroism, Latin. Averroes, Opera, Venetiis, 1553. M. Horten, Die Metaphysik des Averroes, 1912. P. Mandonnet, Siger de Brabant et l'Averroisme Latin, 2d ed., Louvain, 1911. --R.A. Averroism, Latin: The commentaries on Aristotle written by Averroes (Ibn Roshd) in the 12th century became known to the Western scholars in translations by Michael Scottus, Hermannus Alemannus, and others at the beginning of the 13th century. Many works of Aristotle were also known first by such translations from Arabian texts, though there existed translations from the Greek originals at the same time (Grabmann). The Averroistic interpretation of Aristotle was held to be the true one by many; but already Albert the Great pointed out several notions which he felt to be incompatible with the principles of Christian philosophy, although he relied for the rest on the "Commentator" and apparently hardly used any other text. Aquinas, basing his studies mostly on a translation from the Greek texts, procured for him by William of Moerbecke, criticized the Averroistic interpretation in many points. But the teachings of the Commentator became the foundation for a whole school of philosophers, represented first by the Faculty of Arts at Paris. The most prominent of these scholars was Siger of Brabant. The philosophy of these men was condemned on March 7th, 1277 by Stephen Tempier, Bishop of Paris, after a first condemnation of Aristotelianism in 1210 had gradually come to be neglected. The 219 theses condemned in 1277, however, contain also some of Aquinas which later were generally recognized an orthodox. The Averroistic propositions which aroused the criticism of the ecclesiastic authorities and which had been opposed with great energy by Albert and Thomas refer mostly to the following points: The co-eternity of the created word; the numerical identity of the intellect in all men, the so-called two-fold-truth theory stating that a proposition may be philosophically true although theologically false. Regarding the first point Thomas argued that there is no philosophical proof, either for the co-eternity or against it; creation is an article of faith. The unity of intellect was rejected as incompatible with the true notion of person and with personal immortality. It is doubtful whether Averroes himself held the two-truths theory; it was, however, taught by the Latin Averroists who, notwithstanding the opposition of the Church and the Thomistic philosophers, gained a great influence and soon dominated many universities, especially in Italy. Thomas and his followers were convinced that they interpreted Aristotle correctly and that the Averroists were wrong; one has, however, to admit that certain passages in Aristotle allow for the Averroistic interpretation, especially in regard to the theory of intellect.   Lit.: P. Mandonnet, Siger de Brabant et l'Averroisme Latin au XIIIe Siecle, 2d. ed. Louvain, 1911; M. Grabmann, Forschungen über die lateinischen Aristotelesübersetzungen des XIII. Jahrhunderts, Münster 1916 (Beitr. z. Gesch. Phil. d. MA. Vol. 17, H. 5-6). --R.A. Avesta: See Zendavesta. Avicehron: (or Avencebrol, Salomon ibn Gabirol) The first Jewish philosopher in Spain, born in Malaga 1020, died about 1070, poet, philosopher, and moralist. His main work, Fons vitae, became influential and was much quoted by the Scholastics. It has been preserved only in the Latin translation by Gundissalinus. His doctrine of a spiritual substance individualizing also the pure spirits or separate forms was opposed by Aquinas already in his first treatise De ente, but found favor with the medieval Augustinians also later in the 13th century. He also teaches the necessity of a mediator between God and the created world; such a mediator he finds in the Divine Will proceeding from God and creating, conserving, and moving the world. His cosmogony shows a definitely Neo-Platonic shade and assumes a series of emanations. Cl. Baeumker, Avencebrolis Fons vitae. Beitr. z. Gesch. d. Philos. d. MA. 1892-1895, Vol. I. Joh. Wittman, Die Stellung des hl. Thomas von Aquino zu Avencebrol, ibid. 1900. Vol. III. --R.A. Avicenna: (Abu Ali al Hosain ibn Abdallah ibn Sina) Born 980 in the country of Bocchara, began to write in young years, left more than 100 works, taught in Ispahan, was physician to several Persian princes, and died at Hamadan in 1037. His fame as physician survived his influence as philosopher in the Occident. His medical works were printed still in the 17th century. His philosophy is contained in 18 vols. of a comprehensive encyclopedia, following the tradition of Al Kindi and Al Farabi. Logic, Physics, Mathematics and Metaphysics form the parts of this work. His philosophy is Aristotelian with noticeable Neo-Platonic influences. His doctrine of the universal existing ante res in God, in rebus as the universal nature of the particulars, and post res in the human mind by way of abstraction became a fundamental thesis of medieval Aristotelianism. He sharply distinguished between the logical and the ontological universal, denying to the latter the true nature of form in the composite. The principle of individuation is matter, eternally existent. Latin translations attributed to Avicenna the notion that existence is an accident to essence (see e.g. Guilelmus Parisiensis, De Universo). The process adopted by Avicenna was one of paraphrasis of the Aristotelian texts with many original thoughts interspersed. His works were translated into Latin by Dominicus Gundissalinus (Gondisalvi) with the assistance of Avendeath ibn Daud. This translation started, when it became more generally known, the "revival of Aristotle" at the end of the 12th and the beginning of the 13th century. Albert the Great and Aquinas professed, notwithstanding their critical attitude, a great admiration for Avicenna whom the Arabs used to call the "third Aristotle". But in the Orient, Avicenna's influence declined soon, overcome by the opposition of the orthodox theologians. Avicenna, Opera, Venetiis, 1495; l508; 1546. M. Horten, Das Buch der Genesung der Seele, eine philosophische Enzyklopaedie Avicenna's; XIII. Teil: Die Metaphysik. Halle a. S. 1907-1909. R. de Vaux, Notes et textes sur l'Avicennisme Latin, Bibl. Thomiste XX, Paris, 1934. --R.A. Avidya: (Skr.) Nescience; ignorance; the state of mind unaware of true reality; an equivalent of maya (q.v.); also a condition of pure awareness prior to the universal process of evolution through gradual differentiation into the elements and factors of knowledge. --K.F.L. Avyakta: (Skr.) "Unmanifest", descriptive of or standing for brahman (q.v.) in one of its or "his" aspects, symbolizing the superabundance of the creative principle, or designating the condition of the universe not yet become phenomenal (aja, unborn). --K.F.L. Awareness: Consciousness considered in its aspect of act; an act of attentive awareness such as the sensing of a color patch or the feeling of pain is distinguished from the content attended to, the sensed color patch, the felt pain. The psychologlcal theory of intentional act was advanced by F. Brentano (Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkte) and received its epistemological development by Meinong, Husserl, Moore, Laird and Broad. See Intentionalism. --L.W. Axiological: (Ger. axiologisch) In Husserl: Of or pertaining to value or theory of value (the latter term understood as including disvalue and value-indifference). --D.C. Axiological ethics: Any ethics which makes the theory of obligation entirely dependent on the theory of value, by making the determination of the rightness of an action wholly dependent on a consideration of the value or goodness of something, e.g. the action itself, its motive, or its consequences, actual or probable. Opposed to deontological ethics. See also teleological ethics. --W.K.F. Axiologic Realism: In metaphysics, theory that value as well as logic, qualities as well as relations, have their being and exist external to the mind and independently of it. Applicable to the philosophy of many though not all realists in the history of philosophy, from Plato to G. E. Moore, A. N. Whitehead, and N, Hartmann. --J.K.F. Axiology: (Gr. axios, of like value, worthy, and logos, account, reason, theory). Modern term for theory of value (the desired, preferred, good), investigation of its nature, criteria, and metaphysical status. Had its rise in Plato's theory of Forms or Ideas (Idea of the Good); was developed in Aristotle's Organon, Ethics, Poetics, and Metaphysics (Book Lambda). Stoics and Epicureans investigated the summum bonum. Christian philosophy (St. Thomas) built on Aristotle's identification of highest value with final cause in God as "a living being, eternal, most good."   In modern thought, apart from scholasticism and the system of Spinoza (Ethica, 1677), in which values are metaphysically grounded, the various values were investigated in separate sciences, until Kant's Critiques, in which the relations of knowledge to moral, aesthetic, and religious values were examined. In Hegel's idealism, morality, art, religion, and philosophy were made the capstone of his dialectic. R. H. Lotze "sought in that which should be the ground of that which is" (Metaphysik, 1879). Nineteenth century evolutionary theory, anthropology, sociology, psychology, and economics subjected value experience to empirical analysis, and stress was again laid on the diversity and relativity of value phenomena rather than on their unity and metaphysical nature. F. Nietzsche's Also Sprach Zarathustra (1883-1885) and Zur Genealogie der Moral (1887) aroused new interest in the nature of value. F. Brentano, Vom Ursprung sittlicher Erkenntnis (1889), identified value with love.   In the twentieth century the term axiology was apparently first applied by Paul Lapie (Logique de la volonte, 1902) and E. von Hartmann (Grundriss der Axiologie, 1908). Stimulated by Ehrenfels (System der Werttheorie, 1897), Meinong (Psychologisch-ethische Untersuchungen zur Werttheorie, 1894-1899), and Simmel (Philosophie des Geldes, 1900). W. M. Urban wrote the first systematic treatment of axiology in English (Valuation, 1909), phenomenological in method under J. M. Baldwin's influence. Meanwhile H. Münsterberg wrote a neo-Fichtean system of values (The Eternal Values, 1909).   Among important recent contributions are: B. Bosanquet, The Principle of Individuality and Value (1912), a free reinterpretation of Hegelianism; W. R. Sorley, Moral Values and the Idea of God (1918, 1921), defending a metaphysical theism; S. Alexander, Space, Time, and Deity (1920), realistic and naturalistic; N. Hartmann, Ethik (1926), detailed analysis of types and laws of value; R. B. Perry's magnum opus, General Theory of Value (1926), "its meaning and basic principles construed in terms of interest"; and J. Laird, The Idea of Value (1929), noteworthy for historical exposition. A naturalistic theory has been developed by J. Dewey (Theory of Valuation, 1939), for which "not only is science itself a value . . . but it is the supreme means of the valid determination of all valuations." A. J. Ayer, Language, Truth and Logic (1936) expounds the view of logical positivism that value is "nonsense." J. Hessen, Wertphilosophie (1937), provides an account of recent German axiology from a neo-scholastic standpoint.   The problems of axiology fall into four main groups, namely, those concerning (1) the nature of value, (2) the types of value, (3) the criterion of value, and (4) the metaphysical status of value.   (1) The nature of value experience. Is valuation fulfillment of desire (voluntarism: Spinoza, Ehrenfels), pleasure (hedonism: Epicurus, Bentham, Meinong), interest (Perry), preference (Martineau), pure rational will (formalism: Stoics, Kant, Royce), apprehension of tertiary qualities (Santayana), synoptic experience of the unity of personality (personalism: T. H. Green, Bowne), any experience that contributes to enhanced life (evolutionism: Nietzsche), or "the relation of things as means to the end or consequence actually reached" (pragmatism, instrumentalism: Dewey).   (2) The types of value. Most axiologists distinguish between intrinsic (consummatory) values (ends), prized for their own sake, and instrumental (contributory) values (means), which are causes (whether as economic goods or as natural events) of intrinsic values. Most intrinsic values are also instrumental to further value experience; some instrumental values are neutral or even disvaluable intrinsically. Commonly recognized as intrinsic values are the (morally) good, the true, the beautiful, and the holy. Values of play, of work, of association, and of bodily well-being are also acknowledged. Some (with Montague) question whether the true is properly to be regarded as a value, since some truth is disvaluable, some neutral; but love of truth, regardless of consequences, seems to establish the value of truth. There is disagreement about whether the holy (religious value) is a unique type (Schleiermacher, Otto), or an attitude toward other values (Kant, Höffding), or a combination of the two (Hocking). There is also disagreement about whether the variety of values is irreducible (pluralism) or whether all values are rationally related in a hierarchy or system (Plato, Hegel, Sorley), in which values interpenetrate or coalesce into a total experience.   (3) The criterion of value. The standard for testing values is influenced by both psychological and logical theory. Hedonists find the standard in the quantity of pleasure derived by the individual (Aristippus) or society (Bentham). Intuitionists appeal to an ultimate insight into preference (Martineau, Brentano). Some idealists recognize an objective system of rational norms or ideals as criterion (Plato, Windelband), while others lay more stress on rational wholeness and coherence (Hegel, Bosanquet, Paton) or inclusiveness (T. H. Green). Naturalists find biological survival or adjustment (Dewey) to be the standard. Despite differences, there is much in common in the results of the application of these criteria.   (4) The metaphysical status of value. What is the relation of values to the facts investigated by natural science (Koehler), of Sein to Sollen (Lotze, Rickert), of human experience of value to reality independent of man (Hegel, Pringle-Pattlson, Spaulding)? There are three main answers:   subjectivism (value is entirely dependent on and relative to human experience of it: so most hedonists, naturalists, positivists);   logical objectivism (values are logical essences or subsistences, independent of their being known, yet with no existential status or action in reality);   metaphysical objectivism (values   --or norms or ideals   --are integral, objective, and active constituents of the metaphysically real: so theists, absolutists, and certain realists and naturalists like S. Alexander and Wieman). --E.S.B. Axiom: See Mathematics. Axiomatic method: That method of constructing a deductive system consisting of deducing by specified rules all statements of the system save a given few from those given few, which are regarded as axioms or postulates of the system. See Mathematics. --C.A.B. Ayam atma brahma: (Skr.) "This self is brahman", famous quotation from Brhadaranyaka Upanishad 2.5.19, one of many alluding to the central theme of the Upanishads, i.e., the identity of the human and divine or cosmic. --K.F.L.

Austin Kyoto Common Lisp "language" (AKCL) A collection of ports, bug fixes, and performance improvements to {KCL} by William Schelter "wfs@cli.com", "wfs@math.utexas.edu", University of Texas. Version 1-615 includes ports to {Decstation} 3100, {HP9000}/300, {i386}/{Sys V}, {IBM-PS2}/{AIX}, {IBM-RT}/{AIX}, {SGI}, {Sun-3}/{Sunos} 3 or 4, {Sun-4}, {Sequent Symmetry}, {IBM370}/{AIX}, {VAX}/{BSD VAX}/{Ultrix}, {NeXT}. {(ftp://rascal.ics.utexas.edu/pub/akcl-1-609.tar.Z)}. (1992-04-29)

autodidact ::: n. --> One who is self-taught; an automath.

AUTOmated GRouPing system "tool, mathematics" (AUTOGRP) An interactive statistical analysis system, an extension of {CML}. ["AUTOGRP: An Interactive Computer System for the Analysis of Health Care Data", R.E. Mills et al, Medical Care 14(7), Jul 1976]. (1994-11-07)

AUTOMATH "language, mathematics" A very high level language for writing proofs, from Eindhoven, Netherlands. ["The Mathematical Language AUTOMATH, Its Usage and Some of its Extensions", N.G. deBruijn, in Symp on Automatic Demonstration, LNM 125, Springer 1970]. (2001-07-09)

automath ::: n. --> One who is self-taught.

Automatic Mathematical TRANslation "mathematics, tool" (AMTRAN) A system developed by NASA in Huntsville in 1966 for the {IBM 1620}, based on the {Culler-Fried} System. It required a special terminal. ["AMTRAN: An Interactive Computing System", J. Reinfelds, Proc FJCC 37:537- 542, AFIPS (Fall 1970)]. (1995-11-14)

automaton "robotics, mathematics, algorithm" (Plural automata) A machine, {robot}, or {formal system} designed to follow a precise sequence of instructions. Automata theory, the invention and study of automata, includes the study of the capabilities and limitations of computing processes, the manner in which systems receive input, process it, and produce output, and the relationships between behavioural theories and the operation and use of automated devices. See also {cellular automaton}, {finite state machine}. (1996-04-23)

A view of the nature of mathematics which is widely different from any of the above is held by the school of mathematical intuitionism (q. v.). According to this school, mathematics is "identical with the exact part of our thought." "No science, not even philosophy or logic, can be a presupposition for mathematics. It would be circular to apply any philosophical or logical theorem as a means of proof in mathematics, since such theorems already presuppose for their formulation the construction of mathematical concepts. If mathematics is to be in this sense presupposition-free, then there remains for it no other source than an intuition which presents mathematical concepts and inferences to us as immediately clear. . . . [This intuition] is nothing else than the ability to treat separately certain concepts and inferences which regularly occur in ordinary thinking." This is quoted in translation from Heyting, who, in the same connection, characterizes the intuitionittic doctrine as asserting the existence of mathematical objects (Gegenstände), which are immediately grasped by thought, are independent of experience, and give to mathematics more than a mere formal content. But to these mathematical objects no existence is to be ascribed independent of thought. Elsewhere Heyting speaks of a relationship to Kant in the apriority ascribed to the natural numbers, or rather to the underlying ideas of one and the process of adding one and the indefinite repetition of the latter. At least in his earlier writings, Brouwer traces the doctrine of intuitionism directly to Kant. In 1912 he speaks of "abandoning Kant's apriority of space but adhering the more resolutely to the apriority of time" and in the same paper explicitly reaffirms Kant's opinion that mathematical judgments are synthetic and a priori.

axiomatic set theory "theory" One of several approaches to {set theory}, consisting of a {formal language} for talking about sets and a collection of {axioms} describing how they behave. There are many different {axiomatisations} for set theory. Each takes a slightly different approach to the problem of finding a theory that captures as much as possible of the intuitive idea of what a set is, while avoiding the {paradoxes} that result from accepting all of it, the most famous being {Russell's paradox}. The main source of trouble in naive set theory is the idea that you can specify a set by saying whether each object in the universe is in the "set" or not. Accordingly, the most important differences between different axiomatisations of set theory concern the restrictions they place on this idea (known as "comprehension"). {Zermelo Fränkel set theory}, the most commonly used axiomatisation, gets round it by (in effect) saying that you can only use this principle to define subsets of existing sets. NBG (von Neumann-Bernays-Goedel) set theory sort of allows comprehension for all {formulae} without restriction, but distinguishes between two kinds of set, so that the sets produced by applying comprehension are only second-class sets. NBG is exactly as powerful as ZF, in the sense that any statement that can be formalised in both theories is a theorem of ZF if and only if it is a theorem of ZFC. MK (Morse-Kelley) set theory is a strengthened version of NBG, with a simpler axiom system. It is strictly stronger than NBG, and it is possible that NBG might be consistent but MK inconsistent. {NF (http://math.boisestate.edu/~holmes/holmes/nf.html)} ("New Foundations"), a theory developed by Willard Van Orman Quine, places a very different restriction on comprehension: it only works when the formula describing the membership condition for your putative set is "stratified", which means that it could be made to make sense if you worked in a system where every set had a level attached to it, so that a level-n set could only be a member of sets of level n+1. (This doesn't mean that there are actually levels attached to sets in NF). NF is very different from ZF; for instance, in NF the universe is a set (which it isn't in ZF, because the whole point of ZF is that it forbids sets that are "too large"), and it can be proved that the {Axiom of Choice} is false in NF! ML ("Modern Logic") is to NF as NBG is to ZF. (Its name derives from the title of the book in which Quine introduced an early, defective, form of it). It is stronger than ZF (it can prove things that ZF can't), but if NF is consistent then ML is too. (2003-09-21)

AXIOM "language" A commercially available subset of the {Scratchpad}, {symbolic mathematics} system from {IBM}. ["Axiom - The Scientific Computing System", R. Jenks et al, Springer 1992]. [Relationship with {AXIOM*}?] (1995-02-21)

AXIOM* "mathematics, tool" A {symbolic mathematics} system. {A

Axiom of Choice "logic" (AC, or "Choice") An {axiom} of {set theory}: If X is a set of sets, and S is the union of all the elements of X, then there exists a function f:X -" S such that for all non-empty x in X, f(x) is an element of x. In other words, we can always choose an element from each set in a set of sets, simultaneously. Function f is a "choice function" for X - for each x in X, it chooses an element of x. Most people's reaction to AC is: "But of course that's true! From each set, just take the element that's biggest, stupidest, closest to the North Pole, or whatever". Indeed, for any {finite} set of sets, we can simply consider each set in turn and pick an arbitrary element in some such way. We can also construct a choice function for most simple {infinite sets} of sets if they are generated in some regular way. However, there are some infinite sets for which the construction or specification of such a choice function would never end because we would have to consider an infinite number of separate cases. For example, if we express the {real number} line R as the union of many "copies" of the {rational numbers}, Q, namely Q, Q+a, Q+b, and infinitely (in fact uncountably) many more, where a, b, etc. are {irrational numbers} no two of which differ by a rational, and Q+a == {q+a : q in Q} we cannot pick an element of each of these "copies" without AC. An example of the use of AC is the theorem which states that the {countable} union of countable sets is countable. I.e. if X is countable and every element of X is countable (including the possibility that they're finite), then the sumset of X is countable. AC is required for this to be true in general. Even if one accepts the axiom, it doesn't tell you how to construct a choice function, only that one exists. Most mathematicians are quite happy to use AC if they need it, but those who are careful will, at least, draw attention to the fact that they have used it. There is something a little odd about Choice, and it has some alarming consequences, so results which actually "need" it are somehow a bit suspicious, e.g. the {Banach-Tarski paradox}. On the other side, consider {Russell's Attic}. AC is not a {theorem} of {Zermelo Fränkel set theory} (ZF). Gödel and Paul Cohen proved that AC is independent of ZF, i.e. if ZF is consistent, then so are ZFC (ZF with AC) and ZF(~C) (ZF with the negation of AC). This means that we cannot use ZF to prove or disprove AC. (2003-07-11)

back-propagation (Or "backpropagation") A learning {algorithm} for modifying a {feed-forward} {neural network} which minimises a continuous "{error function}" or "{objective function}." Back-propagation is a "{gradient descent}" method of training in that it uses gradient information to modify the network weights to decrease the value of the error function on subsequent tests of the inputs. Other gradient-based methods from {numerical analysis} can be used to train networks more efficiently. Back-propagation makes use of a mathematical trick when the network is simulated on a digital computer, yielding in just two traversals of the network (once forward, and once back) both the difference between the desired and actual output, and the derivatives of this difference with respect to the connection weights.

Bacon, Roger: (1214-1294) Franciscan. He recognized the significance of the deductive application of principles and the necessity for experimental verification of the results. He was keenly interested in mathematics. His most famous work was called Opus majus, a veritable encyclopaedia of the sciences of his day. -- L.E.D Baconian Method: The inductive method as advanced by Francis Bacon (1561-1626). The purpose of the method was to enable man to attain mastery over nature in order to exploit it for his benefit. The mind should pass from particular facts to a more general knowledge of forms, or generalized physical properties. They are laws according to which phenomena actually proceed. He demanded an exhaustive enumeration of positive instances of occurrences of phenomena, the recording of comparative instances, in which an event manifests itself with greater or lesser intensity, and the additional registration of negative instances. Then experiments should test the observations. See Mill's Methods. -- J.J.R.

Banach algebra "mathematics" An {algebra} in which the {vector space} is a {Banach space}. (1997-02-25)

Banach inverse mapping theorem "mathematics" In a {Banach space} the inverse to a {continuous} {linear mapping} is continuous. (1998-06-25)

Banach space "mathematics" A {complete} {normed} {vector space}. Metric is induced by the norm: d(x,y) = ||x-y||. Completeness means that every {Cauchy sequence} converges to an element of the space. All finite-dimensional {real} and {complex} normed vector spaces are complete and thus are Banach spaces. Using absolute value for the norm, the real numbers are a Banach space whereas the rationals are not. This is because there are sequences of rationals that converges to irrationals. Several theorems hold only in Banach spaces, e.g. the {Banach inverse mapping theorem}. All finite-dimensional real and complex vector spaces are Banach spaces. {Hilbert spaces}, spaces of {integrable functions}, and spaces of {absolutely convergent series} are examples of infinite-dimensional Banach spaces. Applications include {wavelets}, {signal processing}, and radar. [Robert E. Megginson, "An Introduction to Banach Space Theory", Graduate Texts in Mathematics, 183, Springer Verlag, September 1998]. (2000-03-10)

Banach-Tarski paradox "mathematics" It is possible to cut a solid ball into finitely many pieces (actually about half a dozen), and then put the pieces together again to get two solid balls, each the same size as the original. This {paradox} is a consequence of the {Axiom of Choice}. (1995-03-29)

barycentric "mathematics" Centre of gravity, {mean}. (2007-07-10)

base "mathematics" {radix}.

Basic Multilingual Plane "text, standard" (BMP) The first plane defined in {Unicode}/{ISO 10646}, designed to include all {scripts} in active modern use. The BMP currently includes the Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Devangari, hiragana, katakana, and Cherokee scripts, among others, and a large body of mathematical, {APL}-related, and other miscellaneous {characters}. Most of the {Han} {ideographs} in current use are present in the BMP, but due to the large number of ideographs, many were placed in the {Supplementary Ideographic Plane}. {Unicode home (http://unicode.org)}. (2002-03-19)

Bernoulli principle (Or "air foil principle", after Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli, 1700-1782) The law that pressure in a fluid decreases with the rate of flow. It has been applied to a class of {hard disk} drives. See {Bernoulli Box}. (1997-04-15)

Bertrand (Named after the British mathematician Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)). Wm. Leler. Rule-based specification language based on augmented term rewriting. Used to implement constraint languages. The user must explicitly specify the tree-search and the constraint propagation. {(ftp://nexus.yorku.ca/pub/scheme/scm/bevan.shar)}. ["Constraint Programming Languages - Their Specification and Generation", W. Leler, A-W 1988, ISBN 0-201-06243-7].

Bertrand Russell "person" (1872-1970) A British mathematician, the discoverer of {Russell's paradox}. (1995-03-27)

Besides the Zermelo set theory and the functional calculus (theory of types), there is a third method of obtaining a system adequate for mathematics and at the same time -- it is hoped -- consistent, proposed by Quine in his book cited below (1940). -- The last word on these matters has almost certainly not yet been said.

Bezier curve "graphics" A type of curve defined by mathematical formulae, used in {computer graphics}. A curve with coordinates P(u), where u varies from 0 at one end of the curve to 1 at the other, is defined by a set of n+1 "control points" (X(i), Y(i), Z(i)) for i = 0 to n. P(u) = Sum i=0..n [(X(i), Y(i), Z(i)) * B(i, n, u)] B(i, n, u) = C(n, i) * u^i * (1-u)^(n-i) C(n, i) = n!/i!/(n-i)! A Bezier curve (or surface) is defined by its control points, which makes it invariant under any {affine mapping} (translation, rotation, parallel projection), and thus even under a change in the axis system. You need only to transform the control points and then compute the new curve. The control polygon defined by the points is itself affine invariant. Bezier curves also have the variation-diminishing property. This makes them easier to split compared to other types of curve such as {Hermite} or {B-spline}. Other important properties are multiple values, global and local control, versatility, and order of continuity. [What do these properties mean?] (1996-06-12)

Bezier surface "graphics" A surface defined by mathematical formulae, used in {computer graphics}. A surface P(u, v), where u and v vary orthogonally from 0 to 1 from one edge of the surface to the other, is defined by a set of (n+1)*(m+1) "control points" (X(i, j), Y(i, j), Z(i, j)) for i = 0 to n, j = 0 to m. P(u, v) = Sum i=0..n {Sum j=0..m [ (X(i, j), Y(i, j), Z(i, j)) * B(i, n, u) * B(j, m, v)]} B(i, n, u) = C(n, i) * u^i * (1-u)^(n-i) C(n, i) = n!/i!/(n-i)! Bezier surfaces are an extension of the idea of {Bezier curves}, and share many of their properties. (1996-06-12)

Bibliography. The various theories outlined in this article do not exhaust the possible definitions and problems concerning probability, but they give an idea of the trend of the discussions. The following works are selected from a considerable literature of the subject. Laplace, Essai sur les Probabilites. Keynes, A Treatise on Probability. Jeffreys, Theory of Probability. Uspensky, Introduction to Mathematical Probability. Borel, Traite de Calcul des Probabilites (especially the last volume dealing with its philosophical aspects). Mises, Probability, Statistics and Truth. Reichenbach, Les Fondements Logiques du Calcul dcs Probabilites. Frechet, Recherches sur le Calcul des Probabilites. Ville, Essai sur la Theorie des Collectifs. Kolmogoroff, Grundbegriffe der Wahrscheinhchkeitsrechnung. Wald, Die Widerspruchsfreiheit des Kollektivbegriffes. Nagel, The Theory of Probability.

bijection "mathematics" A {function} is bijective or a bijection or a one-to-one correspondence if it is both {injective} (no two values map to the same value) and {surjective} (for every element of the {codomain} there is some element of the {domain} which maps to it). I.e. there is exactly one element of the domain which maps to each element of the codomain. For a general bijection f from the set A to the set B: f'(f(a)) = a where a is in A and f(f'(b)) = b where b is in B. A and B could be disjoint sets. See also {injection}, {surjection}, {isomorphism}, {permutation}. (2001-05-10)

binary 1. "mathematics" {Base} two. A number representation consisting of zeros and ones used by practically all computers because of its ease of implementation using digital electronics and {Boolean algebra}. 2. "file format" {binary file}. 3. "programming" A description of an {operator} which takes two {arguments}. See also {unary}, {ternary}. (2005-02-21)

binary relation "mathematics" A {relation} between two sets or between a set and itself. A {partial order} is a binary relation on a set that satisfies certain criteria. (2019-08-31)

Biometry: The scientific application of mathematical analysis to biological problems (also spoken of as "mathematical biophysics" and "mathematical biochemistry"). The journal Biometrtka was founded by Karl Pearson. -- W.M.M.

blackboard ::: n. --> A broad board painted black, or any black surface on which writing, drawing, or the working of mathematical problems can be done with chalk or crayons. It is much used in schools.

blow up 1. "mathematics" A description of a function that, as its input changes over a finite interval, its output goes from stable (steadily increasing or decreasing) to {unstable} (oscilating wildly between extreme values). The term might also be used for successive elements in a discrete sequence or stepwise approximation of a continuous function. Rather than becoming unstable, the value may simply tend to positive or negative {infinity}. When calculating such a function or sequence, a computer will typically suffer {overflow}. 2. {blow out}. [{Jargon File}] (2019-12-27)

Mathematics: The traditional definition of mathematics as "the science of quantity" or "the science of discrete and continuous magnitude" is today inadequate, in that modern mathematics, while clearly in some sense a single connected whole, includes many branches which do not come under this head. Contemporary accounts of the nature of mathematics tend to characterize it rather by its method than by its subject matter.

Mathura ::: [a town near Agra in North India, the birth-place of Krsna].

B-Method "programming, tool" A system for rigorous or formal development of software using the notion of {Abstract Machines} to specify and design software systems. The B-Method is supported by the {B-Toolkit}. Abstract Machines are specified using the Abstract Machine Notation (AMN) which is in turn based on the mathematical theory of {Generalised Substitutions}. (1995-03-13)

Bolzano, Bernard: (1781-1848) Austrian philosopher and mathematician. Professor of the philosophy of religion at Prague, 1805-1820, he was compelled to resign in the latter year because of his rationalistic tendencies in theology and afterwards held no academic position. His Wissenschaftslehre of 1837, while it is to be classed as a work on traditional logic, contains significant anticipations of many ideas which have since become important in symbolic logic and mathematics. In his posthumously published Paradoxien des Unendlitchen (1851) he appears as a forerunner in some respects of Cantor's theory of transfinite numbers. -- A.C.

Boodin, John Elof: American philosopher born in Sweden in 1869 who emigrated in 1886 to the United States. Studied at the Universities of Colorado, Minnesota, Brown and especially Harvard under Royce with whom he kept a life-long friendship though he was opposed to his idealism. His works (Time and Reality, 1904 -- Truth and Reality, 1912 -- A Realistic Universe, 1916 -- Cosmic Evolution, 1925 -- Three Interpretations of the Universe, 1934 -- God, 1935 -- The Social Mind, 1940) form practically a complete system. His philosophy takes the form of a cosmic idealism, though he was interested for a time in certain aspects of pragmatism. It grew gradually from his early studies when he developed a new concept of a real and non-serial time. The structure of the cosmos is that of a hierarchy of fields, as exemplified in physics, in organisms, in consciousness and in society. The interpenetration of the mental fields makes possible human knowledge and social intercourse. Reality as such possesses five attributes: being (the dynamic stuff of all complexes, the active energy), time (the ground of change and transformation), space (which accounts for extension), consciousness (active awareness which lights up reality in spots; it becomes the self when conative tendencies cooperate as one active group), and form (the ground of organization and structure which conditions selective direction). God is the spirit of the whole. -- T.G.J Boole, George: (1815-1864) English mathematician. Professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork, 1849-1864. While he made contributions to other branches of mathematics, he is now remembered primarily as the founder of the Nineteenth Century algebra of logic and through it of modern symbolic logic. His Mathematical Analysis of Logic appeared in 1847 and the fuller Laws of Thought in 1854. -- A.C.

Boolean algebra "logic" (After the logician {George Boole}) 1. Commonly, and especially in computer science and digital electronics, this term is used to mean {two-valued logic}. 2. This is in stark contrast with the definition used by pure mathematicians who in the 1960s introduced "Boolean-valued {models}" into logic precisely because a "Boolean-valued model" is an interpretation of a {theory} that allows more than two possible truth values! Strangely, a Boolean algebra (in the mathematical sense) is not strictly an {algebra}, but is in fact a {lattice}. A Boolean algebra is sometimes defined as a "complemented {distributive lattice}". Boole's work which inspired the mathematical definition concerned {algebras} of {sets}, involving the operations of intersection, union and complement on sets. Such algebras obey the following identities where the operators ^, V, - and constants 1 and 0 can be thought of either as set intersection, union, complement, universal, empty; or as two-valued logic AND, OR, NOT, TRUE, FALSE; or any other conforming system. a ^ b = b ^ a  a V b = b V a   (commutative laws) (a ^ b) ^ c = a ^ (b ^ c) (a V b) V c = a V (b V c)     (associative laws) a ^ (b V c) = (a ^ b) V (a ^ c) a V (b ^ c) = (a V b) ^ (a V c)  (distributive laws) a ^ a = a  a V a = a     (idempotence laws) --a = a -(a ^ b) = (-a) V (-b) -(a V b) = (-a) ^ (-b)       (de Morgan's laws) a ^ -a = 0  a V -a = 1 a ^ 1 = a  a V 0 = a a ^ 0 = 0  a V 1 = 1 -1 = 0  -0 = 1 There are several common alternative notations for the "-" or {logical complement} operator. If a and b are elements of a Boolean algebra, we define a "= b to mean that a ^ b = a, or equivalently a V b = b. Thus, for example, if ^, V and - denote set intersection, union and complement then "= is the inclusive subset relation. The relation "= is a {partial ordering}, though it is not necessarily a {linear ordering} since some Boolean algebras contain incomparable values. Note that these laws only refer explicitly to the two distinguished constants 1 and 0 (sometimes written as {LaTeX} \top and \bot), and in {two-valued logic} there are no others, but according to the more general mathematical definition, in some systems variables a, b and c may take on other values as well. (1997-02-27)

box ::: n. --> A tree or shrub, flourishing in different parts of the world. The common box (Buxus sempervirens) has two varieties, one of which, the dwarf box (B. suffruticosa), is much used for borders in gardens. The wood of the tree varieties, being very hard and smooth, is extensively used in the arts, as by turners, engravers, mathematical instrument makers, etc.
A receptacle or case of any firm material and of various shapes.


branch 1. "mathematics" An {edge} in a {tree}. 2. "programming" A {jump}.

Brentano, Franz: (1838-1917) Who had originally been a Roman Catholic priest may be described as an unorthodox neo-scholastic. According to him the only three forms of psychic activity, representation, judgment and "phenomena of love and hate", are just three modes of "intentionality", i.e., of referring to an object intended. Judgments may be self-evident and thereby characterized as true and in an analogous way love and hate may be characterized as "right". It is on these characterizations that a dogmatic theory of truth and value may be based. In any mental experience the content is merely a "physical phenomenon" (real or imaginary) intended to be referred to, what is psychic is merely the "act" of representing, judging (viz. affirming or denying) and valuing (i.e. loving or hating). Since such "acts" are evidently immaterial, the soul by which they are performed may be proved to be a purely spiritual and imperishable substance and from these and other considerations the existence, spirituality, as also the infinite wisdom, goodness and justice of God may also be demonstrated. It is most of all by his classification of psychic phenomena, his psychology of "acts" and "intentions" and by his doctrine concerning self-evident truths and values that Brentano, who considered himself an Aristotelian, exercised a profound influence on subsequent German philosophers: not only on those who accepted his entire system (such as A. Marty and C. Stumpf) but also those who were somewhat more independent and original and whom he influenced either directly (as A. Meinong and E. Husserl) or indirectly (as M. Scheler and Nik. Hartmann). Main works: Psychologie des Aristoteles, 1867; Vom Dasein Gottes, 1868; Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkt, 1874; Vom Ursprung sittliches Erkenntnis, 1884; Ueber die Zukunft der Philosophie, 1893; Die vier Phasen der Philos., 1895. -- H.Go. Broad, C.D.: (1887) As a realistic critical thinker Broad takes over from the sciences the methods that are fruitful there, classifies the various propositions used in all the sciences, and defines basic scientific concepts. In going beyond science, he seeks to reach a total view of the world by bringing in the facts and principles of aesthetic, religious, ethical and political experience. In trying to work out a much more general method which attacks the problem of the connection between mathematical concepts and sense-data better than the method of analysis in situ, he gives a simple exposition of the method of extensive abstraction, which applies the mutual relations of objects, first recognized in pure mathematics, to physics. Moreover, a great deal can be learned from Broad on the relation of the principle of relativity to measurement.

brindavan &

Brouwer, Luitzen Egbertus Jan: (1881-) Dutch mathematician. Professor of mathematics at the University of Amsterdam, 1912-. Besides his work in topology, he is known for important contributions to the philosophy and foundations of mathematics. See Mathematics and Intuitionism (mathematical)). -- A.C.

Bruno, Giordano: (1548-1600) A Dominican monk, eventually burned at the stake because of his opinions, he was converted from Christianity to a naturalistic and mystical pantheism by the Renaissance and particularly by the new Copernican astronomy. For him God and the universe were two names for one and the same Reality considered now as the creative essence of all things, now as the manifold of realized possibilities in which that essence manifests itself. As God, natura naturans, the Real is the whole, the one transcendent and ineffable. As the Real is the infinity of worlds and objects and events into which the whole divides itself and in which the one displays the infinite potentialities latent within it. The world-process is an ever-lasting going forth from itself and return into itself of the divine nature. The culmination of the outgoing creative activity is reached in the human mind, whose rational, philosophic search for the one in the many, simplicity in variety, and the changeless and eternal in the changing and temporal, marks also the reverse movement of the divine nature re-entering itself and regaining its primordial unity, homogeneity, and changelessness. The human soul, being as it were a kind of boomerang partaking of the ingrowing as well as the outgrowing process, may hope at death, not to be dissolved with the body, which is borne wholly upon the outgoing stream, but to return to God whence it came and to be reabsorbed in him. Cf. Rand, Modern Classical Philosophers, selection from Bruno's On Cause, The Principle and the One. G. Bruno: De l'infinito, universo e mundo, 1584; Spaccio della bestia trionfante, 1584; La cena delta ceneri, 1584; Deglieroici furori, 1585; De Monade, 1591. Cf. R. Honigswald, Giordano Bruno; G. Gentile, Bruno nella storia della cultura, 1907. -- B.A.G.F. Brunschvicg, Leon: (1869-) Professor of Philosophy at the Ecole Normale in Paris. Dismissed by the Nazis (1941). His philosophy is an idealistic synthesis of Spinoza, Kant and Schelling with special stress on the creative role of thought in cultural history as well as in sciences. Main works: Les etapes de la philosophie mathematique, 1913; L'experience humaine et la causalite physique, 1921; De la connaissance de soi, 1931. Buddhism: The multifarious forms, philosophic, religious, ethical and sociological, which the teachings of Gautama Buddha (q.v.) have produced. They centre around the main doctrine of the catvari arya-satyani(q.v.), the four noble truths, the last of which enables one in eight stages to reach nirvana (q.v.): Right views, right resolve, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration. In the absence of contemporary records of Buddha and Buddhistic teachings, much value was formerly attached to the palm leaf manuscripts in Pali, a Sanskrit dialect; but recently a good deal of weight has been given also the Buddhist tradition in Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Chinese. Buddhism split into Mahayanism and Hinayanism (q.v.), each of which, but particularly the former, blossomed into a variety of teachings and practices. The main philosophic schools are the Madhyamaka or Sunyavada, Yogacara, Sautrantika, and Vaibhasika (q.v.). The basic assumptions in philosophy are a causal nexus in nature and man, of which the law of karma (q.v.) is but a specific application; the impermanence of things, and the illusory notion of substance and soul. Man is viewed realistically as a conglomeration of bodily forms (rupa), sensations (vedana), ideas (sanjna), latent karma (sanskaras), and consciousness (vijnana). The basic assumptions in ethics are the universality of suffering and the belief in a remedy. There is no god; each one may become a Buddha, an enlightened one. Also in art and esthetics Buddhism has contributed much throughout the Far East. -- K.F.L.

B. Russell, Mathematical logic as based on the theory of types, American Journal of Mathematics, vol. 30 (1908), pp. 222- 262.

B. Russell, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, London, 1919. - --

B. Russell, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, London, 1919.

B. Russell, On some difficulties in the theory of transfinite numbers and order types. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, ser 2. vol. 4 (1906), pp 29-53.

B. Russell, The Principles of Mathematics, Cambridge, England, 1903; 2nd edn. London, 1937, and New York, 1938.

B. Russell, The Principles of Mathematics, Cambridge, England, 1903; 2nd edn., London, 1937, and New York, 1938.

B. The Probability-Relation. Considering the general grounds of probability, it is pertinent to analyze the proper characteristics of this concept and the valid conditions of its use in inferential processes. Probability presents itself as a special relation between the premisses and the conclusion of an argument, namely when the premisses are true but not completely sufficient to condition the truth of the conclusion. A probable inference must however be logical, even though its result is not certain, for its premisses must be a true sign of its conclusion. The probability-relation may take three aspects: it is inductive, probable or presumptive. In strict induction, there is an essential connection between the facts expressed in the premisses and in the conclusion, which almost forces a factual result from the circumstances of the predication. This type of probability-relation is prominent in induction proper and in statistics. In strict probability, there is a logical connection between the premisses and the conclusion which does not entail a definite factual value for the latter. This type of probability-relation is prominent in mathematical probability and circumstantial evidence. In strict presumption, there is a similarity of characteristics between the fact expressed in the conclusion and the real event if it does or did exist. This type of probability-relation is prominent in analogy and testimony. A presumptive conclusion should be accepted provisionally, and it should have definite consequences capable of being tested. The results of an inductive inference and of a probable inference may often be brought closer together when covering the same field, as the relations involved are fundamental enough for the purpose. This may be done by a qualitative analysis of their implications, or by a quantitative comparison of their elements, as it is done for example in the methods of correlation. But a presumptive inference cannot be reduced to either of the other two forms without losing its identity, because the connection between its elements is of an indefinite character. It may be said that inductive and probable inferences have an intrinsic reasonableness, while presumptive inferences have an extrinsic reasonableness. The former involve determinism within certain limits, while the latter display indeterminacy more prominently. That is why very poor, misleading or wrong conclusions are obtained when mathematical methods are applied to moral acts, judiciary decisions or indirect testimony The activity of the human will has an intricate complexity and variability not easily subjected to calculation. Hence the degree of probability of a presumptive inference can be estimated only by the character and circumstances of its suggested explanation. In moral cases, the discussion and application of the probability-relation leads to the consideration of the doctrines of Probabilism and Probabiliorism which are qualitative. The probability-relation as such has the following general implications which are compatible with its three different aspects, and which may serve as general inferential principle: Any generalization must be probable upon propositions entailing its exemplification in particular cases; Any generalization or system of generalizations forming a theory, must be probable upon propositions following from it by implication; The probability of a given proposition on the basis of other propositions constituting its evidence, is the degree of logical conclusiveness of this evidence with respect to the given proposition; The empirical probability (p = S/E) of a statement S increases as verifications accrue to the evidence E, provided the evidence is taken as a whole; and Numerical probabilities may be assigned to facts or statements only when the evidence includes statistical data or other numerical information which can be treated by the methods of mathematical probability. C. Mathematical Probability. The mathematical theory of probability, which is also called the theory of chances or the theory of relative possibilities, is concerned with the application of mathematical methods to the determination of the likelihood of any event, when there are not sufficient data to determine with certainty its occurrence or failure. As Laplace remarked, it is nothing more than common sense reduced to calculation. But its range goes far beyond that of common sense for it has not only conditioned the growth of various branches of mathematics, such as the theory of errors, the calculus of variations and mathematical statistics, but it has also made possible the establishment of a number of theories in the natural and social sciences, by its actual applications to concrete problems. A distinction is usually made between direct and inverse probability. The determination of a direct or a priori probability involves an inference from given situations or sets of possibilities numerically characterized, to future events related with them. By definition, the direct probability of the occurrence of any particular form of an event, is the ratio of the number of ways in which that form might occur, to the whole number of ways in which the event may occur, all these forms being equiprobable or equally likely. The basic principles referring to a priori probabilities are derived from the analysis of the various logical alternatives involved in any hypothetical questions such as the following: (a) To determine whether a cause, whose exact nature is or is not known, will prove operative or not in certain circumstances; (b) To determine how often an event happens or fails. The comparison of the number of occurrences with that of the failures of an event, considered in simple or complex circumstances, affords a baisis for several cases of probable inference. Thus, theorems may be established to deal with the probability of success and the probability of failure of an event, with the probability of the joint occurrence of several events, with the probability of the alternative occurrence of several events, with the different conditions of frequency of occurrence of an event; with mathematical expectation, and with similar questions. The determination of an a posteriori or inverse probability involves an inference from given situations or events, to past conditions or causes which rnay have contributed to their occurrence. By definition, an inverse probability is the numerical value assigned to each one of a number of possible causes of an actual event that has already occurred; or more generally, it is the numerical value assigned to hypotheses which attempt to explain actual events or circumstances. If an event has occurred as a result of any one of n several causes, the probability that C was the actual cause is Pp/E (Pnpn), when P is the probability that the event could be produced by C if present, and p the probability that C was present before the occurrence of that event. Inverse probability is based on general and special assumptions which cannot always be properly stated, and as there are many different sets of such assumptions, there cannot be a coercive reason for making a definite choice. In particular, the condition of the equiprobability of causes is seldom if ever fulfilled. The distinction between the two kinds of probability, which has led to some confusion in interpreting their grounds and their relations, can be technically ignored now as a result of the adoption of a statistical basis for measuring probabilities. In particular, it is the statistical treatment of correlation which led to the study of probabilities of concurrent phenomena irrespective of their direction in time. This distinction may be retained, howe\er, for the purpose of a general exposition of the subject. Thus, a number of probability theorems are obtained by using various cases of direct and inverse probability involving permutations and combinations, the binomial theorem, the theory of series, and the methods of integration. In turn, these theurems can be applied to concrete cases of the various sciences.

But all this must not be taken in too rigid and mechanical a sense. It is an immense plastic movement full of the play of possibilities and must be seized by a flexible and subtle tact or sense in the seeing conscioosness. It cannot be reduced to a too rigorous logical or mathematical formula. Two or three points must be pressed in order that this plasticity may not be lost to our view.

But while Peirce thought of pragmatism as akin to the mathematical method, James' motivation and interest was largely moral and religious. Thus in his Will to Believe (New World, 1896) he argues, in line with Pascal's wager, that "we have the right to believe at our own risk any hypothesis that is live enough to tempt our will," i.e. if it is not resolvable intellectually. Speaking of religious scepticism, he says. "We cannot escape the issue by remaining sceptical . . . because, although we do avoid error in that way if religion be untrue, we lose the good, if it be true, just as certainly as if we positively choose to disbelieve". The position of the religious skeptic is: ''Better risk loss of truth than chance of error, . . ." Later, in 1907 in the Lowell Lectures he stated that "on pragmatistic principles, if the hypothesis of God works satisfactorily in the widest sense of the word, it is true", and took a position between absolutism and materialism which he called "pragmatistic or melioristic" theism. In the same lectures he announces that " 'the true', to put it briefly, is only the expedient in the way of thinking, . . ." James also identifies truth with verifiability, thus anticipating both the experimentalism of Dewey and the operationalism of Bridgman and the logical positivists.

Calc "tool, mathematics" An extensible, advanced desk calculator and mathematical tool written in {Emacs Lisp} by Dave Gillespie "daveg@synaptics.com". Calc runs as part of {GNU Emacs}. You can use Calc as only a simple four-function calculator, but it also provides additional features including choice of algebraic or {RPN} ({stack}-based) entry, logarithms, trigonometric and financial functions, {arbitrary precision}, complex numbers, vectors, matrices, dates, times, infinities, sets, algebraic simplification, differentiation, and integration. FTP calc-2.02.tar.z from your nearest {GNU archive site}. (2000-10-20)

calculate ::: v. i. --> To ascertain or determine by mathematical processes, usually by the ordinary rules of arithmetic; to reckon up; to estimate; to compute.
To ascertain or predict by mathematical or astrological computations the time, circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the character or consequences of; as, to calculate or cast one&


calculating ::: p. pr. & vb. n. --> of Calculate ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to mathematical calculations; performing or able to perform mathematical calculations.
Given to contrivance or forethought; forecasting; scheming; as, a cool calculating disposition.


calculus ::: n. --> Any solid concretion, formed in any part of the body, but most frequent in the organs that act as reservoirs, and in the passages connected with them; as, biliary calculi; urinary calculi, etc.
A method of computation; any process of reasoning by the use of symbols; any branch of mathematics that may involve calculation.


Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS) A mathematical model (a formal language) for describing processes, mostly used in the study of {parallelism}. A CCS program, written in {behaviour expressions syntax} denotes a process behaviour. Programs can be compared using the notion of {observational equivalence}. ["A Calculus of Communicating Systems", LNCS 92, Springer 1980]. ["Communication and Concurrency", R. Milner, P-H 1989]. (1994-11-29)

CAMAL "tool" CAMbridge ALgebra system. A {symbolic mathematics} system used in Celestial Mechanics and General Relativity. CAMAL was implemented in {BCPL} on {Titan}. ["CAMAL User's Manual", John P. Fitch, Cambridge U, England (1975)]. ["The Design of the Cambridge Algebra System", S.R. Bourne et al, Proc 2nd Symp of Symb & Alg Manip, SIGSAM 1971]. (1995-02-16)

canonical (Historically, "according to religious law") 1. "mathematics" A standard way of writing a formula. Two formulas such as 9 + x and x + 9 are said to be equivalent because they mean the same thing, but the second one is in "canonical form" because it is written in the usual way, with the highest power of x first. Usually there are fixed rules you can use to decide whether something is in canonical form. Things in canonical form are easier to compare. 2. "jargon" The usual or standard state or manner of something. The term acquired this meaning in computer-science culture largely through its prominence in {Alonzo Church}'s work in computation theory and {mathematical logic} (see {Knights of the Lambda-Calculus}). Compare {vanilla}. This word has an interesting history. Non-technical academics do not use the adjective "canonical" in any of the senses defined above with any regularity; they do however use the nouns "canon" and "canonicity" (not "canonicalness"* or "canonicality"*). The "canon" of a given author is the complete body of authentic works by that author (this usage is familiar to Sherlock Holmes fans as well as to literary scholars). "The canon" is the body of works in a given field (e.g. works of literature, or of art, or of music) deemed worthwhile for students to study and for scholars to investigate. The word "canon" derives ultimately from the Greek "kanon" (akin to the English "cane") referring to a reed. Reeds were used for measurement, and in Latin and later Greek the word "canon" meant a rule or a standard. The establishment of a canon of scriptures within Christianity was meant to define a standard or a rule for the religion. The above non-technical academic usages stem from this instance of a defined and accepted body of work. Alongside this usage was the promulgation of "canons" ("rules") for the government of the Catholic Church. The usages relating to religious law derive from this use of the Latin "canon". It may also be related to arabic "qanun" (law). Hackers invest this term with a playfulness that makes an ironic contrast with its historical meaning. A true story: One Bob Sjoberg, new at the {MIT AI Lab}, expressed some annoyance at the incessant use of jargon. Over his loud objections, {GLS} and {RMS} made a point of using as much of it as possible in his presence, and eventually it began to sink in. Finally, in one conversation, he used the word "canonical" in jargon-like fashion without thinking. Steele: "Aha! We've finally got you talking jargon too!" Stallman: "What did he say?" Steele: "Bob just used "canonical" in the canonical way." Of course, canonicality depends on context, but it is implicitly defined as the way *hackers* normally expect things to be. Thus, a hacker may claim with a straight face that "according to religious law" is *not* the canonical meaning of "canonical". (2002-02-06)

Cantor 1. "person, mathematics" A mathematician. Cantor devised the diagonal proof of the uncountability of the {real numbers}: Given a function, f, from the {natural numbers} to the {real numbers}, consider the real number r whose binary expansion is given as follows: for each natural number i, r's i-th digit is the complement of the i-th digit of f(i). Thus, since r and f(i) differ in their i-th digits, r differs from any value taken by f. Therefore, f is not {surjective} (there are values of its result type which it cannot return). Consequently, no function from the natural numbers to the reals is surjective. A further theorem dependent on the {axiom of choice} turns this result into the statement that the reals are uncountable. This is just a special case of a diagonal proof that a function from a set to its {power set} cannot be surjective: Let f be a function from a set S to its power set, P(S) and let U = { x in S: x not in f(x) }. Now, observe that any x in U is not in f(x), so U != f(x); and any x not in U is in f(x), so U != f(x): whence U is not in { f(x) : x in S }. But U is in P(S). Therefore, no function from a set to its power-set can be surjective. 2. "language" An {object-oriented language} with {fine-grained concurrency}. [Athas, Caltech 1987. "Multicomputers: Message Passing Concurrent Computers", W. Athas et al, Computer 21(8):9-24 (Aug 1988)]. (1997-03-14)

Cantor, Contributions to the Founding of the Theory of Trasfinite Numbers, translated and with an introduction bv P.E.B. Jourdain, Chicago and London, 1915. Whitehead and Russell, Principia Mathematica, vol. 2.

Cantor, Georg (Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp), 1845-1918, (Russian born) German mathematician. Professor of mathematics at Halle, 1872-1913. He is known for contributions to the foundations of (mathematical) analysis, and as the founder of the theory of transfinite cardinal numbers (q.v.) and ordinal numbers (q.v.). See Infinite. -- A.C.

cardinality "mathematics" The number of elements in a set. If two sets have the same number of elements (i.e. there is a {bijection} between them) then they have the same cardinality. A cardinality is thus an {isomorphism class} in the {category} of sets. {aleph 0} is defined as the cardinality of the first {infinite} {ordinal}, {omega} (the number of {natural numbers}). (1995-03-29)

Carl Friedrich Gauss "person" A German mathematician (1777 - 1855), one of all time greatest. Gauss discovered the {method of least squares} and {Gaussian elimination}. Gauss was something of a child prodigy; the most commonly told story relates that when he was 10 his teacher, wanting a rest, told his class to add up all the numbers from 1 to 100. Gauss did it in seconds, having noticed that 1+...+100 = 100+...+1 = (101+...+101)/2. He did important work in almost every area of mathematics. Such eclecticism is probably impossible today, since further progress in most areas of mathematics requires much hard background study. Some idea of the range of his work can be obtained by noting the many mathematical terms with "Gauss" in their names. E.g. {Gaussian elimination} ({linear algebra}); {Gaussian primes} (number theory); {Gaussian distribution} (statistics); {Gauss} [unit] (electromagnetism); {Gaussian curvature} (differential geometry); {Gaussian quadrature} (numerical analysis); {Gauss-Bonnet formula} (differential geometry); {Gauss's identity} ({hypergeometric functions}); {Gauss sums} ({number theory}). His favourite area of mathematics was {number theory}. He conjectured the {Prime Number Theorem}, pioneered the {theory of quadratic forms}, proved the {quadratic reciprocity theorem}, and much more. He was "the first mathematician to use {complex numbers} in a really confident and scientific way" (Hardy & Wright, chapter 12). He nearly went into architecture rather than mathematics; what decided him on mathematics was his proof, at age 18, of the startling theorem that a regular N-sided polygon can be constructed with ruler and compasses if and only if N is a power of 2 times a product of distinct {Fermat primes}. (1995-04-10)

Carnap's work has been devoted especially to formal logic and its applications to problems of epistemology and the philosophy of science. His writings in formal logic include a textbook of mathematical logic and a comprehensive monograph devoted to logical syntax, a new branch of logical research to whose development Carnap has greatly contributed.

Cartesian coordinates "mathematics, graphics" (After Renee Descartes, French philosopher and mathematician) A pair of numbers, (x, y), defining the position of a point in a two-dimensional space by its perpendicular projection onto two axes which are at right angles to each other. x and y are also known as the {abscissa} and {ordinate}. The idea can be generalised to any number of independent axes. Compare {polar coordinates}. (1997-07-08)

Cartesianism: The philosophy of the French thinker, Rene Descartes (Cartesius) 1596-1650. After completing his formal education at the Jesuit College at La Fleche, he spent the years 1612-1621 in travel and military service. The reminder of his life was devoted to study and writing. He died in Sweden, where he had gone in 1649 to tutor Queen Christina. His principal works are: Discours de la methode, (preface to his Geometric, Meteores, Dieptrique) Meditationes de prima philosophia, Principia philosophiae, Passions de l'ame, Regulae ad directionem ingenii, Le monde. Descartes is justly regarded as one of the founders of modern epistemology. Dissatisfied with the lack of agreement among philosophers, he decided that philosophy needed a new method, that of mathematics. He began by resolving to doubt everything which could not pass the test of his criterion of truth, viz. the clearness and distinctness of ideas. Anything which could pass this test was to be readmitted as self-evident. From self-evident truths, he deduced other truths which logically follow from them. Three kinds of ideas were distinguished: innate, by which he seems to mean little more than the mental power to think things or thoughts; adventitious, which come to him from without; factitious, produced within his own mind. He found most difficulty with the second type of ideas. The first reality discovered through his method is the thinking self. Though he might doubt nearly all else, Descartes could not reasonably doubt that he, who was thinking, existed as a res cogitans. This is the intuition enunciated in the famous aphorism: I think, therefore I am, Cogito ergo sum. This is not offered by Descartes as a compressed syllogism, but as an immediate intuition of his own thinking mind. Another reality, whose existence was obvious to Descartes, was God, the Supreme Being. Though he offered several proofs of the Divine Existence, he was convinced that he knew this also by an innate idea, and so, clearly and distinctly. But he did not find any clear ideas of an extra-mental, bodily world. He suspected its existence, but logical demonstration was needed to establish this truth. His adventitious ideas carry the vague suggestion that they are caused by bodies in an external world. By arguing that God would be a deceiver, in allowing him to think that bodies exist if they do not, he eventually convinced himself of the reality of bodies, his own and others. There are, then, three kinds of substance according to Descartes: Created spirits, i.e. the finite soul-substance of each man: these are immaterial agencies capable of performing spiritual operations, loosely united with bodies, but not extended since thought is their very essence. Uncreated Spirit, i.e. God, confined neither to space nor time, All-Good and All-Powerful, though his Existence can be known clearly, his Nature cannot be known adequately by men on earth, He is the God of Christianity, Creator, Providence and Final Cause of the universe. Bodies, i.e. created, physical substances existing independently of human thought and having as their chief attribute, extension. Cartesian physics regards bodies as the result of the introduction of "vortices", i.e. whorls of motion, into extension. Divisibility, figurability and mobility, are the notes of extension, which appears to be little more thin what Descartes' Scholastic teachers called geometrical space. God is the First Cause of all motion in the physical universe, which is conceived as a mechanical system operated by its Maker. Even the bodies of animals are automata. Sensation is the critical problem in Cartesian psychology; it is viewed by Descartes as a function of the soul, but he was never able to find a satisfactory explanation of the apparent fact that the soul is moved by the body when sensation occurs. The theory of animal spirits provided Descartes with a sort of bridge between mind and matter, since these spirits are supposed to be very subtle matter, halfway, as it were, between thought and extension in their nature. However, this theory of sensation is the weakest link in the Cartesian explanation of cognition. Intellectual error is accounted for by Descartes in his theory of assent, which makes judgment an act of free will. Where the will over-reaches the intellect, judgment may be false. That the will is absolutely free in man, capable even of choosing what is presented by the intellect as the less desirable of two alternatives, is probably a vestige of Scotism retained from his college course in Scholasticism. Common-sense and moderation are the keynotes of Descartes' famous rules for the regulation of his own conduct during his nine years of methodic doubt, and this ethical attitude continued throughout his life. He believed that man is responsible ultimately to God for the courses of action that he may choose. He admitted that conflicts may occur between human passions and human reason. A virtuous life is made possible by the knowledge of what is right and the consequent control of the lower tendencies of human nature. Six primary passions are described by Descartes wonder, love, hatred, desire, joy and sorrow. These are passive states of consciousness, partly caused by the body, acting through the animal spirits, and partly caused by the soul. Under rational control, they enable the soul to will what is good for the body. Descartes' terminology suggests that there are psychological faculties, but he insists that these powers are not really distinct from the soul itself, which is man's sole psychic agency. Descartes was a practical Catholic all his life and he tried to develop proofs of the existence of God, an explanation of the Eucharist, of the nature of religious faith, and of the operation of Divine Providence, using his philosophy as the basis for a new theology. This attempted theology has not found favor with Catholic theologians in general.

Cartesian product "mathematics" (After Renee Descartes, French philosper and mathematician) The Cartesian product of two sets A and B is the set A x B = {(a, b) | a in A, b in B}. I.e. the product set contains all possible combinations of one element from each set. The idea can be extended to products of any number of sets. If we consider the elements in sets A and B as points along perpendicular axes in a two-dimensional space then the elements of the product are the "{Cartesian coordinates}" of points in that space. See also {tuple}. (1995-03-01)

Cassirer, Ernst: (1874-) Has been chiefly interested in developing the position of the neo-Kantian Philosophy of the Marburg School as it relates to scientific knowledge. Looking at the history of modern philosophy as a progressive formulation of this position, he has sought to extend it by detailed analyses of contemporary scientific developments. Of note are Cassirer's investigations in mathematics, his early consideration of chemical knowledge, and his treatment of Einstein's relativity theory. Main works: Das Erkenntntsprobleme, 3 vols. (1906); Substanz-u-Funktionsbegriff, 1910 (tr. Substance and Function); Philosophie der Symbolischen Forme (1923); Phanom. der Erkenntnis, 1929; Descartes; Leibniz. -- C.K.D.

Category of Unity: Kant: The first of three a priori, quantitative (so-called "mathematical") categories (the others being "plurality" and "totality") from which is derived the synthetic principle, "All intuitions (appearances) are extensive magnitudes." By means of this principle Kant seeks to define the object of experience a priori with reference to its spatial features. See Crit. of pure Reason, B106, B202ff. -- O.F.K Catharsis: (Gr. katharsis) Purification; purgation; specifically the purging of the emotions of pity and fear effected by tragedy (Aristotle). -- G.R.M.

Cauchy sequence "mathematics" A sequence of elements from some {vector space} that converge and stay arbitrarily close to each other (using the {norm} definied for the space). (2000-03-10)

CAYLEY "symbolic mathematics, tool" A {symbolic mathematics} system for {group theory} written by John Cannon of the {University of Sydney}, Australia in 1976. Cayley was used at about 100 sites but has been superseded by a much more general system, {Magma}. ["An Introduction to the Group Theory Language CAYLEY", J. Cannon, Computational Group Theory, M.D. Atkinson ed, Academic Press 1984, pp. 148-183]. (2000-09-03)

CCalc A {symbolic mathematics} system for {MS-DOS}, available from {Simtel}. (1995-04-12)

Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (CWI, Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science) An independent research institute active in the fields of mathematics and computer science. CWI also aims to transfer new knowledge in these fields to society, trade and industry CWI is funded for 70 percent by NWO, the National Organisation for Scientific Research. The remaining 30 percent is obtained through national and international programmes and contract research commissioned by industry. Address: Kruislaan 413, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; P.O.Box 94079, 1090 GB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Telephone: +31 (20) 5929 333. {(http://cwi.nl/)}. {(ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/)}.

cepstrum "mathematics" (Coined in a 1963 paper by Bogert, Healey, and Tukey) The {Fourier transform} of the log-magnitude spectrum: fFt(ln( | fFt(window . signal) | )) This function is used in {speech recognition} and possibly elsewhere. Note that the outer transform is NOT an inverse Fourier transform (as reported in many respectable DSP texts). [What's it for?] (1997-01-07)

Certainty: (Lat. Certus, sure) The alleged indubitability of certain truths, especially of logic and mathematics. -- L.W.

Chalmers University of Technology "body, education" A Swedish university founded in 1829 offering master of science and doctoral degrees. Research is carried out in the main engineering sciences as well as in technology related mathematical and natural sciences. Five hundred faculty members work in more than 100 departments organised in nine schools. Chalmers collaborates with the University of Göteborg. Around 8500 people work and study on the Chalmers campus, including around 500 faculty members and some 600 teachers and doctoral students. About 4800 students follow the master degree programs. Every year 700 Masters of Science in Engineering and in Architecture graduate from Chalmers, and about 190 PhDs and licentiates are awarded. Some 40% of Sweden's engineers and architects are Chalmers graduates. About a thousand research projects are in progress and more than 1500 scientific articles and research reports are published every year. Chalmers is a partner in 80 EC research projects. {(http://chalmers.se/Home-E.html)}. Address: S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden. (1995-02-16)

chaos "mathematics" A property of some {non-linear dynamic systems} which exhibit sensitive dependence on initial conditions. This means that there are initial states which evolve within some finite time to states whose separation in one or more dimensions of {state space} depends, in an average sense, exponentially on their initial separation. Such systems may still be completely {deterministic} in that any future state of the system depends only on the initial conditions and the equations describing the change of the system with time. It may, however, require arbitrarily high precision to actually calculate a future state to within some finite precision. ["On defining chaos", R. Glynn Holt "rgholt@voyager.jpl.nasa.gov" and D. Lynn Holt "lholt@seraph1.sewanee.edu". {(ftp://mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/etext/ippe/preprints/Phil_of_Science/Holt_and_Holt.On_Defining_Chaos)}] Fixed precision {floating-point} arithmetic, as used by most computers, may actually introduce chaotic dependence on initial conditions due to the accumulation of rounding errors (which constitutes a non-linear system). (1995-02-07)

Characteristica Universalis: The name given by Leibniz to his projected (but only partially realized) "universal language" for the formulation of knowledge. This language was to be ideographic, with simple characters standing for simple concepts, and combinations of them for compound ideas, so that all knowledge could be expressed in terms which all could easily learn to use and understand. It represents an adumbration of the more recent and more successful logistic treatment of mathematics and science. It is to be distinguished, however, from the "universal calculus," also projected by Leibniz, which was to be the instrument for the development and manipulation of systems in the universal language. -- W.K.F.

characteristic function "mathematics" The characteristic function of set returns True if its argument is an element of the set and False otherwise. (1995-04-13)

Charles Babbage "person" The British inventor known to some as the "Father of Computing" for his contributions to the basic design of the computer through his {Analytical Engine}. His previous {Difference Engine} was a special purpose device intended for the production of mathematical tables. Babbage was born on December 26, 1791 in Teignmouth, Devonshire UK. He entered Trinity College, Cambridge in 1814 and graduated from Peterhouse. In 1817 he received an MA from Cambridge and in 1823 started work on the Difference Engine through funding from the British Government. In 1827 he published a table of {logarithms} from 1 to 108000. In 1828 he was appointed to the Lucasian Chair of Mathematics at Cambridge (though he never presented a lecture). In 1831 he founded the British Association for the Advancement of Science and in 1832 he published "Economy of Manufactures and Machinery". In 1833 he began work on the Analytical Engine. In 1834 he founded the Statistical Society of London. He died in 1871 in London. Babbage also invented the cowcatcher, the dynamometer, standard railroad gauge, uniform postal rates, occulting lights for lighthouses, Greenwich time signals, and the heliograph opthalmoscope. He also had an interest in cyphers and lock-picking. [Adapted from the text by J. A. N. Lee, Copyright September 1994]. Babbage, as (necessarily) the first person to work with machines that can attack problems at arbitrary levels of {abstraction}, fell into a trap familiar to {toolsmiths} since, as described here by the English ethicist, Lord Moulton: "One of the sad memories of my life is a visit to the celebrated mathematician and inventor, Mr Babbage. He was far advanced in age, but his mind was still as vigorous as ever. He took me through his work-rooms. In the first room I saw parts of the original Calculating Machine, which had been shown in an incomplete state many years before and had even been put to some use. I asked him about its present form. 'I have not finished it because in working at it I came on the idea of my {Analytical Machine}, which would do all that it was capable of doing and much more. Indeed, the idea was so much simpler that it would have taken more work to complete the Calculating Machine than to design and construct the other in its entirety, so I turned my attention to the Analytical Machine.'" "After a few minutes' talk, we went into the next work-room, where he showed and explained to me the working of the elements of the Analytical Machine. I asked if I could see it. 'I have never completed it,' he said, 'because I hit upon an idea of doing the same thing by a different and far more effective method, and this rendered it useless to proceed on the old lines.' Then we went into the third room. There lay scattered bits of mechanism, but I saw no trace of any working machine. Very cautiously I approached the subject, and received the dreaded answer, 'It is not constructed yet, but I am working on it, and it will take less time to construct it altogether than it would have token to complete the Analytical Machine from the stage in which I left it.' I took leave of the old man with a heavy heart." "When he died a few years later, not only had he constructed no machine, but the verdict of a jury of kind and sympathetic scientific men who were deputed to pronounce upon what he had left behind him, either in papers or in mechanism, was that everything was too incomplete of be capable of being put to any useful purpose." [Lord Moulton, "The invention of algorithms, its genesis, and growth", in G. C. Knott, ed., "Napier tercentenary memorial volume" (London, 1915), p. 1-24; quoted in Charles Babbage "Passage from the Life of a Philosopher", Martin Campbell-Kelly, ed. (Rutgers U. Press and IEEE Press, 1994), p. 34]. Compare: {uninteresting}, {Ninety-Ninety Rule}. (1996-02-22)

CHARYBDIS "mathematics, tool" A {Lisp} program to display mathematical expressions. It is related to {MATHLAB}. [Sammet 1969, p. 522]. (1994-11-15)

Chitta ::: Chitta is ordinarily used for the mental consciousness in general, thought, feeling, etc. taken together with a stress now on one side or another, sometimes on the feelings as in citta-pramathı, sometimes on the thought-mind—that is why I translated it [on p. 75 (maccittah. )] "heart and mind" in its wider sense.
   Ref: CWSA Vol. 13, Page: 92


Choice, axiom of, or Zermelo's axiom, is the name given to an assumption of logical or logico-mathematical character which may be stated as follows: Given a class K whose members are non-empty classes, there exists a (one-valued) monadic function f whose range is K, such that f(x) &isin: x for all members x of K. This had often been employed unconsciously or tacitly by mathematicians -- and is apparently necessary for the proofs of certain important mathematical theorems -- but was first made explicit by Zermelo in 1904, who used it in a proof that every class can be well-ordered. Once explicitly stated the assumption was attacked by many mathematicians as lacking in validity or as not of legitimately mathematical character, but was defended by others, including Zermelo.

chrestomathic ::: a. --> Teaching what is useful.

chrestomathy ::: n. --> A selection of passages, with notes, etc., to be used in acquiring a language; as, a Hebrew chrestomathy.

chromatic number "mathematics" The smallest number of colours necessary to colour the nodes of a {graph} so that no two adjacent nodes have the same colour. See also: {four colour map theorem}. {Graph Theory Lessons (http://utc.edu/~cpmawata/petersen/lesson8.htm)}. {Eric Weisstein's World Of Mathematics (http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ChromaticNumber.html)}. {The Geometry Center (http://geom.umn.edu/~zarembe/grapht1.html)}. (2000-03-18)

CIMS PL/I "language" A {PL/I} subset from the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. ["CIMS PL/I", P.W. Abrahams, Courant Inst]. (1997-12-15)

cittapramathi ::: [confusing the mind; exciting passion].

CLAM "mathematics, tool" A system for {symbolic mathematics}, especially General Relativity. It was first implemented in {ATLAS} {assembly language} and later {Lisp}. See also {ALAM}. ["CLAM Programmer's Manual", Ray d'Inverno & Russell-Clark, King's College London, 1971]. (1994-11-08)

clique "mathematics" A {maximal} {totally connected} {subgraph}. Given a {graph} with {nodes} N, a clique C is a {subset} of N where every node in C is directly connected to every other node in C (i.e. C is totally connected), and C contains all such nodes (C is maximal). In other words, a clique contains all, and only, those nodes which are directly connected to all other nodes in the clique. [Is this correct?] (1996-09-22)

CLISP "language" 1. A {Common Lisp} implementation by {Bruno Haible (http://haible.de/bruno/)} of {Karlsruhe University} and {Michael Stoll (http://math.uni-duesseldorf.de/~stoll/)}. of {Munich University}, both in Germany. CLISP includes an {interpreter}, {bytecode compiler}, almost all of the {CLOS} {object system}, a {foreign language interface} and a {socket interface}. An {X11} interface is available through {CLX} and {Garnet}. Command line editing is provided by the {GNU} readline library. CLISP requires only 2 MB of {RAM}. The {user interface} comes in German, English, French, Spanish, Dutch, and Russian and can be changed at {run time}. CLISP is {Free Software} and distributed under the {GPL}. It runs on {microcomputers} ({OS/2}, {Microsoft Windows}, {Amiga}, {Acorn}) as well as on {Unix} workstations ({Linux}, {BSD}, {SVR4}, {Sun4}, {Alpha}, {HP-UX}, {NeXTstep}, {SGI}, {AIX}, {Sun3} and others). {Official web page (http://clisp.cons.org)}. {Mailing list (http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/clisp-list)}. (2003-08-04) 2. {Conversational LISP}. (2019-11-21)

closed interval "mathematics" An {interval} that includes both endpoints. (2019-08-31)

closed set "mathematics" A set S is closed under an operator * if x*y is in S for all x, y in S. (1994-12-16)

coded character set "character, standard" A mapping, generally 1:1, from a set of {integers}, known as {character codes} or {code positions}, to a set of {characters} that may include letters, digits, punctuation, {control codes}, mathematical and typographic symbols. There are several {standard} coded character sets, the most widely used is {ASCII}, generally in its {Latin-1} dialect, with {Unicode} becoming slowly more common; while {EBCDIC} and {Baudot} are extinct except in {legacy systems}. (2009-01-06)

COLASL "mathematics, application" An early system for numerical problems on the {IBM 7030}. It used a special {character set} for input of natural mathematical expressions. [Sammet 1969, pp. 265-271]. (1995-01-04)

combination 1. "mathematics" A {set} containing a certain number of objects selected from another set. The number of combinations of r objects chosen from a set of n is n C r = n! / ((n-r)! r!) where "n C r" is normally with n and r as subscripts or as n above r in parentheses. See also {permutation}. 2. "reduction" In the theory of {combinators}, a combination denotes an expression in which {function application} is the only operation. (1995-04-10)

Combinatory Logic: A branch of mathematical logic, which has been extensively investigated by Curry, and which is concerned with analysis of processes of substitution, of the use of variables generally, and of the notion of a function. The program calls, in particular, for a system of logic in which variables are altogether eliminated, their place being taken by the presence in the system of certain kinds of function symbols. For a more detailed and exact account, reference must be made to the papers cited below. -- A.C.

combinatory logic "logic" A system for reducing the operational notation of {logic}, mathematics or a {functional language} to a sequence of modifications to the input data structure. First introduced in the 1920's by {Schoenfinkel}. Re-introduced independently by {Haskell Curry} in the late 1920's (who quickly learned of Schoenfinkel's work after he had the idea). Curry is really responsible for most of the development, at least up until work with Feys in 1958. See {combinator}. (1995-01-05)

Comma "project" COMputable MAthematics. An {ESPRIT} project at KU {Nijmegen}. (1994-11-30)

complexity "algorithm" The level in difficulty in solving mathematically posed problems as measured by the time, number of steps or arithmetic operations, or memory space required (called time complexity, computational complexity, and space complexity, respectively). The interesting aspect is usually how complexity scales with the size of the input (the "{scalability}"), where the size of the input is described by some number N. Thus an {algorithm} may have computational complexity O(N^2) (of the order of the square of the size of the input), in which case if the input doubles in size, the computation will take four times as many steps. The ideal is a constant time algorithm (O(1)) or failing that, O(N). See also {NP-complete}. (1994-10-20)

complex number "mathematics" A number of the form x+iy where i is the square root of -1, and x and y are {real numbers}, known as the "real" and "imaginary" part. Complex numbers can be plotted as points on a two-dimensional plane, known as an {Argand diagram}, where x and y are the {Cartesian coordinates}. An alternative, {polar} notation, expresses a complex number as (r e^it) where e is the base of {natural logarithms}, and r and t are real numbers, known as the magnitude and phase. The two forms are related: r e^it = r cos(t) + i r sin(t)     = x + i y where x = r cos(t) y = r sin(t) All solutions of any {polynomial equation} can be expressed as complex numbers. This is the so-called {Fundamental Theorem of Algebra}, first proved by Cauchy. Complex numbers are useful in many fields of physics, such as electromagnetism because they are a useful way of representing a magnitude and phase as a single quantity. (1995-04-10)

computed ::: determined by mathematics, especially by numerical methods.

Comte, Auguste: (1798-1857) Was born and lived during a period when political and social conditions in France were highly unstable. In reflecting the spirit of his age, he rose against the tendency prevalent among his predecessors to propound philosophic doctrines in disregard of the facts of nature and society. His revolt was directed particularly against traditional metaphysics with its endless speculations, countless assumptions, and futile controversies. To his views he gave the name of positivism. According to him, the history of humanity should be described in terms of three stages. The first of these was the theological stage when people's interpretation of reality was dominated by superstitions and prejudicesj the second stage was metaphysical when people attempted to comprehend, and reason about, reality, but were unable to support their contentions by facts; and the third and final stage was positive, when dogmatic assumptions began to be replaced by factual knowledge. Accordingly, the history of thought was characterized by a certain succession of sciences, expressing the turning of scholarly interest toward the earthly and human affairs, namely; mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, biology, and sociology. These doctrines were discussed in Comte's main work, Cours de philosophic positive. -- R.B.W.

cone ::: n. --> A solid of the form described by the revolution of a right-angled triangle about one of the sides adjacent to the right angle; -- called also a right cone. More generally, any solid having a vertical point and bounded by a surface which is described by a straight line always passing through that vertical point; a solid having a circle for its base and tapering to a point or vertex.
Anything shaped more or less like a mathematical cone; as, a volcanic cone, a collection of scoriae around the crater of a volcano,


Consequence: (Ger. Konsequenz) In Husserl: The relation of formal-analytic inclusion which obtains between certain noematic senses. Consequence: See Valid. Consequence-logic: (Ger. Konsequenzlogik) Consistency-logic (Logik der Widerspruchslosigkeit); pure apophantic analytics (in a strict sense); a level of pure formal logic in which the only thematic concepts of validity are consequence, inconsequence, and compatibility. Consequence-logic includes the essential content of traditional syllogistics and the disciplines making up formal-mathematical analysis. -- D.C.

Contemporary ideas concerning the abstract nature of mathematics (q. v.) and the status of applied geometry have important historical roots in the discovery of non-Euclidean geometries. -- A.C.

Cournot, Antoine Augustin: (1801-1877) French mathematician, economist, and philosopher, is best known for his interest in probability. His philosophical writings, long neglected, reflect disagreement both with the positivism of his own day and with the earlier French rationalism. His place between the two is manifest in his doctrine that order and contingency, continuity and discontinuity, are equally real. This metaphysical position led him to conclude that man, though he cannot attain certain truth of nature, can by increasing the probable truth of his statements approach this truth. Cournot's mathematical investigations into probability and his mathematical treatment of economics thus harmonize with his metaphysics and epistemology. Main works: Exposition de la theorie des chances et des probabdites, 1843; Essai sur les fondements de la connaissance, 2 vols. 1851; Consid. sur les marches des idees, 1872; Materialisme, Vitalisme, Rationalism, 1875; Traite de l'Enchainement des idees fondamentales dans les sciences et dans l'histoire, 1881.

C. S. Peirce, On the algebra of logic, American Journal of Mathematics, vol. 7 (1885), pp. 180-202; reprinted in his Collected Papers, vol. 3.

Cudworth, Ralph: (1617-1688) Was the leading Cambridge Platonist (q.v.). His writings were devoted to a refutation of Hobbesean materialism which he characterized as atheistic. He accepted a rationalism of the kind advanced by Descartes. He found clear and distinct fundamental notions or categories reflecting universal reason, God's mind, the nature and essence of things and the moral laws, which he held to be as binding on God as the axioms of mathematics. His two most important works are The True Intellectual System of the Universe, and A Treatise concerning Eternal and Immutable Morality. -- L.E.D.

Cusa. Nicholas of: (1401-1464) Born in Cusa (family name: Krebs), educated in the mystical school of Deventer, and at the Universities of Heidelberg, Padua and Cologne. He became a Cardinal in 1448, Bishop of Brixen in 1450, and died at Todi. He was interested in mathematics, astronomy, philosophy and ecclesiastical policy. His thought is Neo-Platonic and mystical, he is critical of Aristotelian Scholasticism. His theories of "learned ignorance" and the "concordance of contraries" have been historically influential. Chief works: De concordantia Catholica, De docta ignorantia, De conjecturis (Opera, Paris, 1514). E. Van Steenberghe, Le Card. N. de Cuse,l'action, la pensee (Paris, 1920). -- V.J.B.

C. W. Morris, Foundations of the Theory of Signs, International Encyclopedia of Unified Science, vol. 1, no 2, Chicago, 1938. R. Carnap. Foundations of Logic and Mathematics, International Encyclopedia of Unified Science, vol 1, no 3, Chicago, 1939.

D'Alemhert, Jean Le Rond: (1717-1783) Brilliant French geometer. He was for a time an assistant to Diderot in the preparation of the Encyclopaedia and wrote its "Discours Preliminaire." He advanced a noteworthy empirical theory of mathematics in opposition to the stand of Plato or Descartes. He was greatly influenced by Bacon in his presentation of the order and influence of the sciences. He was greatly opposed to organized religion and sceptical as to the existence and nature of God. His ethical views were based on what he characterized as the evidence of the heart and had sympathy as their mainspring. -- L.E.D.

dasa-gavas (dasha-gavas; dashagava) ::: the ten rays; the ten types or dasa-gavas forms of consciousness in the evolutionary scale: the pasu, vanara, pisaca, pramatha, raks.asa, asura, deva, sadhyadeva (or siddhadeva), siddhadeva (or siddhasura) and satyadeva (or siddha purus.a or siddhadeva).

Declarative Memory ::: The part of long-term memory where factual information is stored, such as mathematical formulas, vocabulary, and life events.

Dedekind, (Julius Wilhelm) Richard: (1831-1916) German mathematician. Professor of mathematics at Brunswick, 1862-1894. His contributions to the foundations of arithmetic and analysis are contained in his Stetigkeit und Irrationale Zahlen (1st edn., 1872, 5th edn., 1927) and Was Sind und Was Sollen die Zahlen? (1st edn., 1888, 6th edn., 1930). -- A.C.

De Morgan, Augustus: (1806-1871) English mathematician and logician. Professor of mathematics at University College, London, 1828-1831, 1836-1866. His Formal Logic of 1847 contains some points of an algebra of logic essentially similar to that of Boole (q. v.), but the notation is less adequate than Boole's and the calculus is less fully worked out and applied. De Morgan, however, had the notion of logical sum for arbitrary classes -- whereas Boole contemplated addition only of classes having no members in common. De Morgan's laws (q. v.) -- as they are now known -- were also enunciated in this work. The treatment of the syllogism is original, but has since been susperseded, and does not constitute the author's real claim to remembrance as a logician. (The famous controversy with Sir William Hamilton over the latter's charge of plagiarism in connection with this treatment of the syllogism may therefore be dismissed as not of present interest.)

D. E. Smith, A Source Book in Mathematics, New York and London, 1929.

D. Hilbert, Die Grundlagen der Mathematik, Abhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar der Hamburgischen Universität, vol. 6 ( 1928), pp. 65-85 ; reprinted in Hilbert's Grundlagen der Geometrie, 7th edn.

diagram ::: n. --> A figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement, or facilitate a demonstration; a plan.
Any simple drawing made for mathematical or scientific purposes, or to assist a verbal explanation which refers to it; a mechanical drawing, as distinguished from an artistical one. ::: v. t.


diagraphics ::: n. --> The art or science of descriptive drawing; especially, the art or science of drawing by mechanical appliances and mathematical rule.

diesis ::: n. --> A small interval, less than any in actual practice, but used in the mathematical calculation of intervals.
The mark /; -- called also double dagger.


D. In mathematics, (1) it is a numerical or algebraical index showing the number of times the element it affects must be multiplied by itself; concurrently, it denotes the product arising from the continued mutiplication of a quantity by itself. (2) In the theory of aggregates, the power of a class is the number of its elements, its cardinal number (q.v.). -- T.G.

D. Interpretations of Probability. The methods and results of mathematical probability (and of probability in general) are the subject of much controversy as regards their interpretation and value. Among the various theories proposed, we shall consider the following Probability as a measure of belief, probability as the relative frequency of events, probability as the truth-frequency of types of argument, probability as a primitive notion, probability as an operational concept, probability as a limit of frequencies, and probability as a physical magnitude determined by axioms. I. Probability as a Measure of Belief: According to this theory, probability is the measure or relative degree of rational credence to be attached to facts or statements on the strength of valid motives. This type of probability is sometimes difficult to estimate, as it may be qualitative as well as quantitative. When considered in its mathematical aspects, the measure of probable inference depends on the preponderance or failure of operative causes or observed occurrences of the case under investigation. This conception involves axioms leading to the classic rule of Laplace, namely: The measure of probability of any one of mutually exclusive and apriori equiprobable possibilities, is the ratio of the number of favorable possibilities to the total number of possibilities. In probability operations, this rule is taken as the definition of direct probability for those cases where it is applicable. The main objections against this interpretation are: that probability is largely subjective, or at least independent of direct experience; that equiprobability is taken as an apriori notion, although the ways of asserting it are empirical; that the conditions of valid equiprobability are not stated definitely; that equiprobability is difficult to determine actually in all cases; that it is difficult to attach an adequate probability to a complex event from the mere knowledge of the probabilities of its component parts, and that the notion of probability is not general, as it does not cover such cases as the inductive derivation of probabilities from statistical data. II. Probability as a Relative Frequency. This interpretation is based on the nature of events, and not on any subjective considerations. It deals with the rate with which an event will occur in a class of events. Hence, it considers probability as the ratio of frequency of true results to true conditions, and it gives as its measure the relative frequency leading from true conditions to true results. What is meant when a set of calculations predict that an experiment will yield a result A with probability P, is that the relative frequency of A is expected to approximate the number P in a long series of such experiments. This conception seems to be more concerned with empirical probabilities, because the calculations assumed are mostly based on statistical data or material assumptions suggested by past experiments. It is valuable in so far as it satisfies the practical necessity of considering probability aggregates in such problems. The main objections against this interpretation are: that it does not seem capable of expressing satisfactorily what is meant by the probability of an event being true; that its conclusions are more or less probable, owing to the difficulty of defining a proper standard for comparing ratios; that neither its rational nor its statistical evidence is made clear; that the degree of relevance of that evidence is not properly determined, on account of the theoretical indefinite ness of both the true numerical value of the probability and of the evidence assumed, and that it is operational in form only, but not in fact, because it involves the infinite without proper limitations. III. Probability as Truth-Frequency of Types of Arguments: In this interpretation, which is due mainly to Peirce and Venn, probability is shifted from the events to the propositions about them; instead of considering types and classes of events, it considers types and classes of propositions. Probability is thus the ability to give an objective reading to the relative tiuth of propositions dealing with singular events. This ability can be used successfully in interpreting definite and indefinite numerical probabilities, by taking statistical evaluations and making appropriate verbal changes in their formulation. Once assessed, the relative truth of the propositions considered can be communicated to facts expressed by these propositions. But neither the propositions nor the facts as such have a probability in themselves. With these assumptions, a proposition has a degree of probability, only if it is considered as a member of a class of propositions; and that degree is expressed by the proportion of true propositions to the total number of propositions in the class. Hence, probability is the ratio of true propositions to all the propositions of the class examined, if the class is finite, or to all the propositions of the same type in the long run, if the class is infinite. In the first case, fair sampling may cover the restrictions of a finite class; in the second case, the use of infinite series offers a practical limitation for the evidence considered. But in both cases, probability varies with the class or type chosen, and probability-inferences are limited by convention to those cases where numerical values can be assigned to the ratios considered. It will be observed that this interpretation of probability is similar to the relative frequency theory. The difference between these two theories is more formal than material in both cases the probability refers ultimately to kinds of evidence based on objective matter of fact. Hence the Truth-Frequency theory is open to the sime objections as the Relative-Frequency theory, with proper adjustments. An additional difficulty of this theory is that the pragmatic interpretation of truth it involves, has yet to be proved, and the situation is anything but improved by assimilating truth with probability.

Diorism: The Greek term in Plato's usage signifies division, distinction; in that of Aristotle, distinction, definition, which is also the meaning today. In mathematics, a statement of the conditions needed in order to solve a problem. -- J.J.R.

Distributive law is a name given to a number of laws of the same or similar form appearing in various disciplines -- compare associative law. A distributive law of multiplication over addition appears in arithmetic: x X (y + z) = (x X y) + (x X z). This distributive law holds also in the theory of real numbers, and in many other mathematical disciplines involving two operations called multiplication and addition. In the propositional calculus there are four distributive laws (two dually related pairs): p[p ∨ r] ≡ [pq ∨ pr]. [p ∨ qr] ≡ [p ∨ q][p ∨ r]. p[p + r] ≡ [pq + pr]. [p ∨ [q ≡ r] ≡ [p ∨ q] ≡ [p ∨ r]]. Also four corresponding laws in the algebra of classes. -- A.C.

Divisibility: The property in virtue of which a whole (whether physical, psychical or mathematical) may be divided into parts which do not thereby necessarily sever their relation with the whole. Divisibility usually implies not merely analysis or distinction of parts, but actual or potential resolution into parts. From the beginning philosophers have raised the question whether substances are infinitely or finitely divisible. Ancient materialism conceived of the physical atom as an indivisible substance. Descartes, however, and after him Leibniz, maintained the infinite divisibility of substance. The issue became the basis of Kant's cosmological antinomy (Crit. of pure Reason), from which he concluded that the issue was insoluble in metaphysical terms. In recent decades the question has had to take account of (1) researches in the physical atom, before which the older conception of physical substance has steadily retreated; and (2) the attempt to formulate a satisfactory definition of infinity (q.v.). -- O.F.K.

Dogma: The Greek term signified a public ordinance of decree, also an opinion. A present meaning: an established, or generally admitted, philosophic opinion explicitly formulated, in a depreciative sense; one accepted on authority without the support of demonstration or experience. Kant calls a directly synthetical proposition grounded on concepts a dogma which he distinguishes from a mathema, which is a similar proposition effected by a construction of concepts. In the history of Christianity dogmas have come to mean definition of revealed truths proposed by the supreme authority of the Church as articles of faith which must be accepted by all its members. -- J.J.R.

double first ::: --> A degree of the first class both in classics and mathematics.
One who gains at examinations the highest honor both in the classics and the mathematics.


dromatherium ::: n. --> A small extinct triassic mammal from North Carolina, the earliest yet found in America.

(d) The methodological problem bulks large in epistemology and the solutions of it follow in general the lines of cleavage determined by the previous problem. Rationalists of necessity have emphasized deductive and demonstrative procedures in the acquisition and elaboration of knowledge while empiricists have relied largely on induction and hypothesis but few philosophers have espoused the one method to the complete exclusion of the other. A few attempts have been made to elaborate distinctively philosophical methods reducible neither to the inductive procedure of the natural sciences nor the demonstrative method of mathematics -- such are the Transcendental Method of Kant and the Dialectical Method of Hegel though the validity and irreducibility of both of these methods are highly questionable. Pragmatism, operationalism, and phenomenology may perhaps in certain of their aspects be construed is recent attempts to evaluate new epistemological methods.

eatage ::: n. --> Eatable growth of grass for horses and cattle, esp. that of aftermath.

eddish ::: n. --> Aftermath; also, stubble and stubble field. See Arrish.

E. L. Post, Introduction to a general theory of elementary propositions, American Journal of Mathematics, vol. 43 (1921), pp. 163-181.

(e) The problem of the A PRIORI, though the especial concern of the rationalist, confronts the empiricist also since few epistemologists are prepared to exclude the a priori entirely from their accounts of knowledge. The problem is that of isolating the a priori or non-empirical elements in knowledge and accounting for them in terms of the human reason. Three principal theories of the a priori have been advanced: the theory of the intrinsic A PRIORI which asserts that the basic principles of logic, mathematics, natural sciences and philosophy are self-evident truths recognizable by such intrinsic traits as clarity and distinctness of ideas. The intrinsic theory received its definitive modern expression in the theory of "innate ideas" (q.v.) of Herbert of Cherbury, Descartes, and 17th century rationalism. The presuppositional theory of the a priori which validates a priori truths by demonstrating that they are presupposed either by their attempted denial (Leibniz) or by the very possibility of experience (Kant). The postulational theory of the A PRIORI elaborated under the influence of recent postulational techniques in mathematics, interprets a priori principles as rules or postulates arbitrarily posited in the construction of formal deductive systems. See Postulate; Posit. (f) The problem of differentiating the principal kinds of knowledge is an essential task especially for an empirical epistemology. Perhaps the most elementary epistemological distinction is between non-inferential apprehension of objects by perception, memory, etc. (see Knowledge by Acquaintance), and inferential knowledge of things with which the knowing subject has no direct apprehension. See Knowledge by Description. Acquaintance in turn assumes two principal forms: perception or acquaintance with external objects (see Perception), and introspection or the subject's acquaintance with the "self" and its cognitive, volitional and affective states. See Introspection; Reflection. Inferential knowledge includes knowledge of other selves (this is not to deny that knowledge of other minds may at times be immediate and non-inferential), historical knowledge, including not only history in the narrower sense but also astronomical, biological, anthropological and archaeological and even cosmological reconstructions of the past and finally scientific knowledge in so far as it involves inference and construction from observational data.

euharmonic ::: a. --> Producing mathematically perfect harmony or concord; sweetly or perfectly harmonious.

eulerian ::: a. --> Pertaining to Euler, a German mathematician of the 18th century.

"Everybody now knows that Science is not a statement of the truth of things, but only a language expressing a certain experience of objects, their structure, their mathematics, a coordinated and utilisable impression of their processes — it is nothing more.” Letters on Yoga

“Everybody now knows that Science is not a statement of the truth of things, but only a language expressing a certain experience of objects, their structure, their mathematics, a coordinated and utilisable impression of their processes—it is nothing more.” Letters on Yoga

E. V. Huntington, A set of postulates for real algebra, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 6 (1905), pp. 17-41.

E. V. Huntington, Sets of independent postulates for the algebra of logic, Transactions ot the American Mathematical Societv. vol. 5 (1904), pp. 288-309.

Excluded middle, law of, or tertium non datur, is given by traditional logicians as "A is B or A is not B." This is usually identified with the theorem of the propositional calculus, p ∨ ∼p to which the same name is given. The general validity of the law is denied by the school of mathematical intuitiontsm (q. v.). -- A.C.

Expressive Meaning: See Meaning, Kinds of, 4. Extension: (Lat. ex + tendere, to stretch) Physical space, considered as a single concrete, continuum as contrasted with the abstract conceptual space of mathematics. The distinction between extension and "space" in the abstract sense is clearly drawn by Descartes (1596-1650) in The Principles of Philosophy, part II, Princ. IV-XV. -- L.W.

E. Zermelo, Beweis, dass jede Menge wohlgeord net werden kann, Mathematische Annalen, vol. 59 (1904), pp. 514-516.

E. Zermelo, Neuer Beweis fur die Moglichkeit einer Wohlordnung, Mathematische Annalen, vol. 65 (1908), pp. 107-128.

F. B. Fitch, The consistency of the ramified Principia, The Journal of Symbolic Logic, vol. 3 (1938), pp. 140-149. Ramsey, Frank Plumpton: (1903-1930) In the light of Wittgenstein's work, he proposed several modifications in the Principia Mathematica treatment of functions. These, he urged, made possible the omission of the Axiom of Reducibility, a simplification of the Theory of Types and an improved definition of identity. In stimulating philosophical papers he denied any ultimate distinction between particulars and universals, defended a Wittgensteinian interpretation of general propositions, proposed a subjective theory of probability and a pragmatic view of induction, and offered a theory of theories and a theory of the nature of causal propositions. Most of his work is included in The Foundations of Mathematics, London, Kegan Paul, 1931. -- C.A.B.

Felix Klein, Vorlesungen über die Entwicklung der Mathematik im 19. Jahrhundert, 2 vols., Berlin, 1926-1927.

Fictionism: An extreme form of pragmatism or instrumentalism according to which the basic concepts and principles of natural science, mathematics, philosophy, ethics, religion and jurisprudence are pure fictions which, though lacking objective truth, are useful instruments of action. The theory is advanced under the influence of Kant, by the German philosopher H. Vaihinger in his Philosophie des Als Ob, 1911. Philosophv of the "As If." English translation by C. K. Ogden.) See Fiction, Construction. -- L. W.

Finite: For the notion of finiteness as applied to classes and cardinal numbers, see the article cardinal number. An ordered class (see order) which is finite is called a finite sequence or finite series. In mathematical analysis, any fixed real number (or complex number) is called finite, in distinction from "infinity" (the latter term usually occurs, however, only as an incomplete symbol, in connection with limits, q. v.). Or finite may be used to mean bounded, i.e., having fixed real numbers as lower bound and upper bound. Various physical and geometrical quantities, measured by real numbers, are called finite if their measure is finite in one of these senses. -- A.C.

F. Logos: (Gr. logos) A term denoting either reason or one of the expressions of reason or order in words or things; such as word, discourse, definition, formula, principle, mathematical ratio. In its most important sense in philosophy it refers to a cosmic reason which gives order and intelligibility to the world. In this sense the doctrine first appears in Heraclitus, who affirms the reality of a Logos analogous to the reason in man that regulates all physical processes and is the source of all human law. The conception is developed more fully by the Stoics, who conceive of the world as a living unity, perfect in the adaptation of its parts to one another and to the whole, and animated by an immanent and purposive reason. As the creative source of this cosmic unity and perfection the world-reason is called the seminal reason (logos spermatikos), and is conceived as containing within itself a multitude of logoi spermatikoi, or intelligible and purposive forms operating in the world. As regulating all things, the Logos is identified with Fate (heimarmene); as directing all things toward the good, with Providence (pronoia); and as the ordered course of events, with Nature (physis). In Philo of Alexandria, in whom Hebrew modes of thought mingle with Greek concepts, the Logos becomes the immaterial instrument, and even at times the personal agency, through which the creative activity of the transcendent God is exerted upon the world. In Christian philosophy the Logos becomes the second person of the Trinity and its functions are identified with the creative, illuminating and redemptive work of Jesus Christ. Finally the Logos plays an important role in the system of Plotinus, where it appears as the creative and form-giving aspect of Intelligence (Nous), the second of the three Hypostases. -- G. R.

Florian Cajori, A History of Mathematics, 2nd edn., New York and London, 1922. A History of Elementary Mathematics, revised edn., New York and London, 1917. A History of Mathematical Notations, 2 vols., Chicago, 1928-1929.

Formalism (mathematical) is a name which has been given to any one of various accounts of the foundations of mathematics which emphasize the formal aspects of mathematics as against content or meaning, or which, in whole or in part, deny content to mathematical formulas. The name is often applied, in particular, to the doctrines of Hilbert (see Mathematics), although Hilbert himself calls his method axiomatic, and gives to his syntactical or metamathematical investigations the name Beweistheorie (proof theory, (q. v.). -- A.C.

formula ::: 1. A prescribed form; a rule or model; any fixed or conventional method for doing something. 2. An established form of words or symbols for use in a ceremony or procedure. 3. Math. A general relationship, principle, or rule stated, often as an equation, in the form of symbols. 4. A representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements. formulas.

For the account given by Brouwerian intuitionism of the nature of mathematics, and the asserted priority of mathematics to logic and philosophy, see the article Mathematics. This account, with its reliance on the intuition of ordinary thinking and on the immediate evidence of mathematical concepts and inferences, and with its insistence on intuitively understandable construction as the only method for mathematical existence proofs, leads to a rejection of certain methods and assumptions of classical mathematics. In consequence, certain parts of classical mathematics have to be abandoned and others have to be reconstructed in different and often more complicated fashion.

Free On-line Dictionary of Computing "introduction" FOLDOC is a searchable dictionary of acronyms, jargon, programming languages, tools, architecture, operating systems, networking, theory, conventions, standards, mathematics, telecoms, electronics, institutions, companies, projects, products, history, in fact anything to do with computing. Copyright 1985 by Denis Howe Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, Front- or Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "{GNU Free Documentation License}". Please refer to the dictionary as "The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, http://foldoc.org/, Editor Denis Howe" or similar. Please make the URL both text (for humans) and a hyperlink (for Google). You can search the latest version of the dictionary at URL http://foldoc.org/. Where {LaTeX} commands for certain non-{ASCII} symbols are mentioned, they are described in their own entries. "\" is also used to represent the Greek lower-case lambda used in {lambda-calculus}. See {Pronunciation} for how to interpret the pronunciation given for some entries. Cross-references to other entries look {like this}. Note that not all cross-references actually lead anywhere yet, but if you find one that leads to something inappropriate, please let me know. Dates after entries indicate when that entry was last updated. {More about FOLDOC (about.html)}. (2018-05-22)

Frege, (Friedrich Ludwig) Gottlob, 1848-1925, German mathematician and logician. Professor of mathematics at the University of Jena, 1879-1918. Largely unknown to, or misunderstood by, his contemporaries, he is now regarded by many as "beyond question the greatest logician of the Nineteenth Century" (quotation from Tarski). He must be regarded -- after Boole (q. v.) -- as the second founder of symbolic logic, the essential steps in the passage from the algebra of logic to the logistic method (see the article Logistic system) having been taken in his Begriffsschrift of 1879. In this work there appear tor the first time the propositional calculus in substantially its modern form, the notion of propositional function, the use of quantifiers, the explicit statement of primitive rules of inference, the notion of an hereditary property and the logical analysis of proof by mathematical induction or recursion (q. v.). This last is perhaps the most important element in the definition of an inductive cardinal number (q.v.) and provided the basis for Frege's derivation of arithmetic from logic in his Grundlagen der Anthmetik (1884) and Grundgesetze der Arithmetik, vol. 1 (1893), and vol. 2 (1903). The first volume of Grundgesetze der Arithmetik is the culmination of Frege's work, and we find here many important further ideas. In particular, there is a careful distinction between using a formula to express something else and naming a formula in order to make a syntactical statement about it, quotation marks being used in order to distinguish the name of a formula from the formula itself. In an appendix to the second volume of Grundgesetze , Frege acknowledges the presence of an inconsistency in his system through what is now known as the Russel paradox (see Paradoxes , logical), as had been called to his attention by Russell when the book was nearly through the press. -- A.C.

From the paradox of the greatest cardinal number Russell extracted the simpler paradox concerning the class t of all classes x such that ∼ x∈x. (Is it true or not that t∈t?) At first sight this paradox may not seem to be very relevant to mathematics, but it must be remembered that it was obtained by comparing two mathematical proofs, both seemingly valid, one leading to the conclusion that there is no greatest cardinal number, the other to the conclusion that there is a greatest cardinal number. -- Russell communicated this simplified form of the paradox of the greatest cardinal number to Frege in 1902 and published it in 1903. The sime paradox wis discovered independently by Zermelo before 1903 but not published.

Function: In mathematics and logic, an n-adic function is a law of correspondence between an ordered set of n things (called arguments of the function, or values of the independent variables) and another thing (the value of the function, or value of the dependent variable), of such a sort that, given any ordered set of n arguments which belongs to a certain domain (the range of the function), the value of the function is uniquely determined. The value ot the function is spoken of as obtained by applying the function to the arguments. The domain of all possible values of the function is called the range of the dependent variable. If F denotes a function and X1, X2, . . . , Xn denote the first argument, second argument, etc., respectively, the notation F(X1, X2, . . . , Xn) is used to denote the corresponding value of the function; or the notation may be [F](X1, X2 . . . , Xn), to provide against ambiguities which might otherwisc arise if F were a long expression rather than a single letter.

Gassendi, Pierre: (1592-1655) Was a leading opponent of Cartesianism and of Scholastic Aristotelianism in the field of the physical sciences. Though he was a Catholic priest, with orthodox views in theology, he revived the materialistic atomism of Epicurus and Lucretius. Born in Provence, and at one time Canon of Dijon, he became a distinguished professor of mathematics at the Royal College of Paris in 1645. He seems to have been sincerely convinced that the Logic, Physics and Ethics of Epicureanism were superior to any other type of classical or modern philosophy. His objections to Descartes' Meditationes, with the Cartesian responses, are printed with the works of Descartes. His other philosophical works are Commentarius de vita moribus et placitis Epicuri (Amsterdam, 1659). Syntagma philosophiae Epicuri (Amsterdam, 1684). -- V.J.B.

generation ::: n. --> The act of generating or begetting; procreation, as of animals.
Origination by some process, mathematical, chemical, or vital; production; formation; as, the generation of sounds, of gases, of curves, etc.
That which is generated or brought forth; progeny; offspiring.
A single step or stage in the succession of natural


generatrix ::: n. --> That which generates; the point, or the mathematical magnitude, which, by its motion, generates another magnitude, as a line, surface, or solid; -- called also describent.

geodesy ::: n. --> That branch of applied mathematics which determines, by means of observations and measurements, the figures and areas of large portions of the earth&

geometer ::: n. --> One skilled in geometry; a geometrician; a mathematician.
Any species of geometrid moth; a geometrid.


geometrician ::: n. --> One skilled in geometry; a geometer; a mathematician.

geometry ::: n. --> That branch of mathematics which investigates the relations, properties, and measurement of solids, surfaces, lines, and angles; the science which treats of the properties and relations of magnitudes; the science of the relations of space.
A treatise on this science.


Geometry: Originally abstracted from the measurement of, and the study of relations of position among, material objects, geometry received in Euclid's Elements (c. 300 B.C.) a treatment which (despite, of course, certain defects by modern standards) became the historical model for the abstract deductive development of a mathematical discipline. The general nature of the subject of geometry may be illustrated by reference to the synthetic geometry of Euclid, and the analytic geometry which resulted from the introduction of coordinates into Euclidean geometry by Descartes (1637) (q.v.). In the mathematical usage of today the name geometry is given to any abstract mathematical discipline of a certain general type, as thus illustrated, without any requirement of applicability to spatial relations among physical objects or the like.

Gesammelte Abhandlungen Mathematischen und Philosophischen Inhalts, edited by E. Zermelo, and with a life by A. Fraenkel, Berlin, 1932.

Gesammelte Abhandlungen. three volumes, with an account of his work in mathematical logic by P. Bernays, and a life by O. Blumenthal, Berlin, 1932-1935.

Gesammelte Mathematische Werke, three volumes, Brunswick, 1930-1932.

G. Gentzen, Die Widerspruchsfreiheit der Stufenlogik, Mathematische Zeitschrift, vol. 4l (1936), pp. 357-366.

G. H. Hardy, A Mathematician's Apology, London, 1940. Histories:

Gödel, Kurt, 1906-, Austrian mathematician and logician -- educated at Vienna, and now located (1941) at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, N. J. -- is best known for his important incompleteness theorem, the closely related theorem on the impossibility (under certain circumstances) of formalizing a consistency proof for a logistic system within that system, and the essentially simple but far-reaching device of arithmetization of syntax which is emploved in the proof of these theorems (see Logic, formal, § 6). Also of importance are his proof of the completeness of the functional calculus of first order (see Logic, formal, § 3), and his recent work on the consistency of the axiom of choice (q. v.) and of Cantor's continuum hypothesis. -- A.C.

graphics ::: n. --> The art or the science of drawing; esp. of drawing according to mathematical rules, as in perspective, projection, and the like.

H. B. Curry, A mathematical treatment of the rules of the syllogism, Mind, vol. 45 (1936), pp. 209-216, 416.

H. B. Curry, Apparent variables from the standpoint of combinatory logic, Annals of Mathematics, ser. 2, vol 34 (1933), pp. 381-404.

H. B. Curry, Grundlagen der kombmatorischen Logik, American Journal of Mathematics, vol. 52 (1930), pp. 509-536, 789-834.

H. B. Curry, The universal quantifier in combinatory logic, Annals of Mathematics, ser. 2, vol. 32 (1931), pp. 154-180.

hemathermal ::: a. --> Warm-blooded; hematothermal.

hematherm ::: n. --> A warm-blooded animal.

Herbartianism: The philosophical, but particularly the psychological and pedagogical doctrines of Johann Friedrich Herbart (q.v.) as expounded in modified and developed form by his disciples, notably M. Lazarus and H. Steinthal in psychology, T. Zillcr and W. Rein in pedagogy, M. Drobisch in religious philosophy and ethics. In America, the movement was vigorous and influential, but shortlived (about 1890-1910) and confined mainly to education (Charles De-Garmo and Charles A. McMurry). Like Herbart, his disciples strove for a clarification of concepts with special emphasis on scientific method, the doctrine of apperception, and the efficacy of a mathematical approach even in their psychology which was dominated by associational thinking; yet they discarded more or less the master's doctrine of reals. -- K.F.L.

Hierarchy of types: See Logic, formal, § 6. Hilbert, David, 1862-, German mathematician. Professor of mathematics at the University of Göttingen, 1895-. A major contributor to many branches of mathematics, he is regarded by many as the greatest mathematician of his generation. His work on the foundations of Euclidean geometry is contained in his Grundlagen der Geometrie (1st edn., 1899, 7th edn., 1930). Concerning his contributions to mathematical logic and mathematical philosophy, see the articles mathematics, and proof theory. -- A. C.

Hilbert and Bernays, Grundlagen der Mathematik, vol. 1, Berlin, 1934; also Supplement III to vol. 2. Berlin. 1939. 2. HYPOTHETICAL SYLLOGISM, DISJUNCTIVE SYLLOGISM, DILEMMA are names traditionally given to certain, forms of inference, which may be identified as follows with certain particular forms of valid inference of the propositional calculus (see § 1).

Hilbert and Bernays, Grundlagen der Mathematik, vol. 1, Berlin, 1934, and vol. 2, Berlin, 1939.

Hilbert and Bernays, Grundlagen der Mathematik, vol. 1, Berlin, 1934, and vol. 2, Berlin. 1939.

Hilbert and Bernays, Grundlagen der Mathematik, vol. 2, Berlin, 1939.

Hilbert and Bernays, Grundlagen der mathematik, vol. 2, Berlin, 1939. 7. ALGEBRA OF CLASSES deals with classes (q. v.) whose members are from a fixed non-empty class called the universe of discourse, and with the operations of complementation, logical sum, and logical product upon such classes. (The classes are to be thought of as determined by propositional functions having the universe of discourse as the range of the independent variable.) The universal class ∨ comprises the entire universe of discourse. The null (or empty) class ∧ has no members. The complement −a of a class a has as members all those elements of the universe of discourse which are not members of a (and those only). In particular the null class and the universal class are each the complement of the other. The logical sum a ∪ b of two classes a and b has as members all those elements which are members either of a or of b, not excluding elements which are members of both a and b (and those only). The logical product a ∩ b of two classes a and b has as members all those elements which are members of both a and b (and those only) -- in other words the logical product of two classes is their common part. The expressions of the algebra of classes are built up out of class variables a, b, c, . . . and the symbols for the universal class and the null class by means of the notations for complementation, logical sum, and logical product (with parentheses). A formula of the algebra of classes consists of two expressions with one of the symbols = or ≠ between. (a = b means that a and b are the same class, a ≠ b that a and b are not the same class.)

Historically, the notion of a function was of gradual growth in mathematics. The word function is used in approximately its modern sense by John Bernoulli (1698, 1718). The divorce of the notion of a function from that of a particular kind of mathematical expression (analytic or quasi-algebraic) is due to Dirichlet (1837). The general logical notion of a function, and in particular the notion of a propositional function, were introduced by Frege (1879). -- Alonzo Church

homaxonial ::: a. --> Relating to that kind of homology or symmetry, the mathematical conception of organic form, in which all axes are equal. See under Promorphology.

H. Poincare, Les mathematiques et la logique. Revue de Metaphysique et de Morale, vol. 14 (1906), pp. 294-317. R. Carnap, The Logical Syntax of Language, New York and London, 1937.

H. Weil, Die heutige Erkenntnislage in der Mathematik, Symposion, vol. 1 (1926), Pp. 1-32.

H. Weyl, Consistency in mathematics. The Rice Institute Pamphlet, vol 16 (1929), pp 245-265.

hydrodynamics ::: n. --> That branch of the science of mechanics which relates to fluids, or, as usually limited, which treats of the laws of motion and action of nonelastic fluids, whether as investigated mathematically, or by observation and experiment; the principles of dynamics, as applied to water and other fluids.

Hypothesis: In general, an assumption, a supposition, a conjecture, a postulate, a condition, an antecedent, a contingency, a possibility, a probability, a principle, a premiss, a ground or foundation, a tentative explanation, a probable cause, a theoretical situation, an academic question, a specific consideration, a conceded statement, a theory or view for debate or action, a likely relation, the conditioning of one thing by another. In logic, the conditional clause or antecedent in a hypothetical proposition. Also a thesis subordinate to a more general one. In methodology, a principle offered as a conditional explanation of a fact or a group of facts; or again, a provisional assumption about the ground of certain phenomena, used as a guiding norm in making observations and experiments until verified or disproved by subsequent evidence. A hypothesis is conditional or provisional, because it is based on probable and insufficient arguments or elements; yet, it is not an arbitrary opinion, but a justifiable assumption with some foundation in fact, this accounts for the expectation of some measure of agreement between the logical conclusion or implications drawn from a hypothesis, and the phenomena which are known or which may be determined by further tests. A scientific hypothesis must be   proposed after the observations it must explain (a posteriori),   compatible with established theories,   reasonable and relevant,   fruitful in its applications and controllable,   general in terms and more fundamental than the statements it has to explain. A hypothesis is descriptive (forecasting the external circumstances of the event) or explanatory (offering causal accounts of the event). There are two kinds of explanatory hypotheses   the hypothesis of law (or genetic hypothesis) which attempts to determine the manner in which the causes or conditions of a phenomenon operate and   the hypothesis of cause (or causal hypothesis) which attempt to determine the causes or conditions for the production of the phenomenon. A working hypothesis is a preliminary assumption based on few, uncertain or obscure elements, which is used provisionally as a guiding norm in the investigation of certain phenomena. Often, the difference between a working hypothesis and a scientific hypothesis is one of degree; and in any case, a hypothesis is seldom verified completely with all its detailed implications. The Socratic Method of Hypothesis, as developed by Plato in the Phaedo particularly, consists in positing an assumption without questioning its value, for the purpose of determining and analyzing its consequences only when these are clearly debated and judged, the assumption itself is considered for justification or rejection. Usually, a real condition is taken as a ground for inferences, as the aim of the method is to attain knowledge or to favor action. Plato used more specially the word "hypothesis" for the assumptions of geometry (postulates and nominal definitions) Anstotle extended this use to cover the immediate principles of mathematics. It may be observed that the modern hypothetico-deductive method in logical and mathematical theories, is a development of the Socratic method stripped of its ontological implications and purposes.

iatromathematical ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to iatromathematicians or their doctrine.

iatromathematician ::: n. --> One of a school of physicians in Italy, about the middle of the 17th century, who tried to apply the laws of mechanics and mathematics to the human body, and hence were eager student of anatomy; -- opposed to the iatrochemists.

In a mathematical development of the real number system or the complex number system, an appropriate set of postulates may be the starting point. Or the non-negative integers may first be introduced (by postulates or otherwise -- see arithmetic, foundations of) and from these the above outlined extensions may be provided for by successive logical constructions, in any one of several alternative ways.

In arithmetic there are two associative laws, of addition and of multiplication: x + (y + z) = (x + y) + z. x X (y X z) = (x X y) X z. Associative laws of addition and of multiplication hold also in the theory of real numbers, the theory of complex numbers, and various other mathematical disciplines.

In articles herein by the present writer, the notation λx[A] will be employed for the function obtained from A by abstraction relative to (or, as we may also say, with respect to) x. Russell, and Whitehead and Russell in Principia Mathematica, employ for this purpose the formula A with a circumflex ˆ placed over each (free) occurrence of x -- but only for propositional functions. Frege (1893) uses a Greek vowel, say ε, as the variable relative to which abstraction is made, and employs the notation ε(A) to denote what is essentially the function in extension (the "Werthverlauf" in his terminology) obtained from A by abstraction relative to ε.

Independence: In a set of postulates for a mathematical discipline (see Mathematics), a particular postulate is said to be independent if it cannot be proved as a consequence of the others. A non-independent postulate is thus superfluous, and should be dropped.

Individual: In formal logic, the individuals form the first or lowest type of Russell's hierarchy of types. In the Principia Mathematica of Whitehead and Russell, individuals are "defined as whatever is neither a proposition nor a function." It is unnecessary, however, to give the word any such special significance, and for many purposes it is better (as is often done) to take the individuals to be an arbitrary -- or an arbitrary infinite -- domain, or any particular well-defined domain may be taken as the domain of individuals, according to the purpose in hand. When used in this way, the term domain of individuals may be taken as synonymous with the term universe of discourse (in the sense of Boole) which is employed in connection with the algebra of classes. See Logic, formal, §§ 3, 6, 7. -- A.C.

Induction, complete or mathematical: See Recursion. In esse, in intellects in re: Medieval Latin expressions of which the first signifies, in being, in existence, the second, in the intellect, especially as a general idea formed by the process of abstraction, the third, in a really existing thing outside the mind. One may add that in the matter of is the commonly known signification of the third. -- J.J.R.

In his logical work, he has been specially interested in the nature of mathematics and its relation to logic. He has treated these topics in a number of special articles and in a monograph. The latter also includes an introduction to the youngest field of modern logic, semantics.

In logic and mathematics, a relation between two systems such that there exists a one-one correspondence between their elements, and an identity of some relation that holds between any of the elements in one system and the corresponding elements in the other system. -- J.K.F.

In mathematics, any system of designating points by means of ordered sets of n numbers may be called an n-dimensional coordinate system, and the n numbers so associated with any point are then called its coordinates. Coordinates may also be used in like fashion for various other things besides points. -- A.C.

In mathematics, a theorem proved for the sake of its use in proving another theorem. The name is applied especially in cases where the lemma ceases to be of interest in itself after proof of the theorem for the sake of which it was introduced. -- A.C.

(in mathematics): The concept of an aggregate is now usually identified with that of a class (q.v.) -- although as a historical matter this does not, perhaps, exactly represent Cantor's notion. -- A.C.

In mathematics, the word calculus has many specific applications, all conforming more or less closely to the above statement. Sometimes, however, the simple phrase "the calculus" is used in referring to those branches of mathematical analysis (q.v.) which are known more explicitly as the differential calculus and the integral calculus. -- A.C.

In mathematics, the word constant may also be employed to mean simply a number ("Eulers constant"), or, in the physical sciences, to mean a physical quantity ("the gravitational constant," "Planck's constant"). -- A.C.

In Principia Mathematica descriptions (or notations serving the same purpose in context) are introduced is incomplete symbols (q. v.). Russell maintains that descriptions not only may but must be thus construed as incomplete symbols -- briefly, for the following reasons. The alternative is to construe a description as a proper name, so that, e.g., the description the author of Waverley denotes the man Scott and is therefore synonymous with the name Scott. But then the sentences "Scott is the author of Waverley" and "Scott is Scott" ought to be synonymous -- which they clearly are not (although both are true). Moreover, such a desription as the King of France cannot be a proper name, since there is no King of France whom it may denote; nevertheless, a sentence such as "The King of France is bald" should be construed to have a meaning, since it may be falsely asserted or believed by one who falsely asserts or believes that there is a King of France.

inscribable ::: a. --> Capable of being inscribed, -- used specif. (Math.) of solids or plane figures capable of being inscribed in other solids or figures.

Instrumental value: See Value, Instrumental. Integral: A whole composed of parts. Belonging to a whole as one of its parts. Anything composed of distinguishable parts. Complete, untouched. In mathematics, related to integers, the result of integration. -- J K.F.

Integral Mathematics (of Primordial Perspectives) ::: A type of mathematics that replaces variables with perspectives and objects with sentient beings. A psychoactive math where one inhabits the perspectives of sentient beings and repeatedly takes the role of others. At this point, Integral Mathematics is a notational system and not a fully formed rigorous mathematics. (Although several mathematicians who have looked at it believe it can be developed into a radically new type of mathematics.)

Integration: (Lat. integrare, to make whole) The act of making a whole out of parts. In mathematics, a limiting process which may be described in vague terms as summing up an infinite number of infinitesimals, part of the calculus. In psychology, the combination of psycho-physical elements into a complex unified organization. In cosmology, the synthetic philosophy of Spencer holds that the evolutionary process is marked by two movements: integration and differentiation. Integration consists in the development of more and more complex organizations. Inverse of: differentiation (q.v.). -- J.K.F.

In the field of the philosophy of religion, Platonism becomes obscure. There is little doubt that Plato paid only lip-service to the anthropomorphic polytheism of Athenian religion. Many of the attributes of the Idea of the Good are those of an eternal God. The Republic (Book II) pictures the Supreme Being as perfect, unchangeable and the author of truth. Similar rationalizations are found throughout the Laws. Another current of religious thought is to be found m the Timaeus, Politicus and Sophist. The story of the making of the universe and man by the Demiurgus is mythic and yet it is in many points a logical development of his theory of Ideas. The World-Maker does not create things from nothing, he fashions the world out of a pre-existing chaos of matter by introducing patterns taken from the sphere of Forms. This process of formation is also explained, in the Timaeus (54 ff), in terms of various mathematical figures. In an early period of the universe, God (Chronos) exercised a sort of Providential care over things in this world (Politicus, 269-275), but eventually man was left to his own devices. The tale of Er, at the end of the Republic, describes a judgment of souls after death, their separation into the good and the bad, and the assignment of various rewards and punishments. H. Stephanus et J. Serranus (ed.), Platonis Opera (Paris, 1578), has provided the standard pagination, now used in referring to the text of Plato, it is not a critical edition. J. Burnet (ed.), Platonis Opera, 5 vol. (Oxford, 1899-1907). Platon, Oeuvres completes, texte et trad., Collect. G. Bude (Paris, 1920 ff.). The Dialogues of Plato, transl. B. Jowett, 3rd ed. (Oxford, 1920). W. Pater, Plato and Platonism (London, 1909). A. E. Taylor, Plato, the Man and his Work (N. Y., 1927). P. Shorey, What Plato Said (Chicago, 1933). A. Dies, Autour de Platon, 2 vol. (Paris, 1927). U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorf, Platon, 2 vol. (Berlin, 1919). John Burnet, Platonism (Berkeley, 1928). Paul Elmer More, Platonism (Oxford, 1931). Constantm Ritter, Essence of Plato's Philosophy (London, 1933). Leon Robin, Platon (Paris, 1935). Paul Shorey, Platonism, Ancient and Modern (Berkeley, 1938). A. E. Taylor, Platontsm and Its Influence (London, 1924). F. J. E. Woodbridge, The Son of Apollo (Boston, 1929). C. Bigg, The Christian Platomsts of Alexandria (Oxford, 1913). T. Whittaker, The Neo-Platonists (Cambridge, 1918, 2nd ed ). John H. Muirhead, The Platonic Tradition in Angle-Saxon Philosophy (New York, 1931). F. J. Powicke, The Cambridge Platonists (Boston, 1927). -- V.J.B.

In the Frege-Russell derivation of arithmetic from logic (see the article Mathematics) necessity for the postulates of Peano is avoided. If based on the theory of types, however, this derivation requires some form of the axiom of infinity -- which may be regarded as a residuum of the Peano postulates.

Intuitionism (mathematical): The name given to the school (of mathematics) founded by L. E. J. Brouwer (q. v.) and represented also by Hermann Weyl, Hans Freudenthal, Arend Heyting, and others. In some respects a historical forerunner of intuitionism is the mathematician Leopold Kronecker (1823-1891). Views related to intuitionism (but usually not including the rejection of the law of excluded middle) have been expressed by many recent or contemporary mathematicians, among whom are J. Richard, Th. Skolem, and the French semi-intuitionists -- as Heyting calls them -- E. Borel, H. Lebesgue, R. Baire, N. Lusin. (Lusin is Russian but has been closely associated with the French school.)

Invariant: A constant quantity. In mathematics, a quantity which remains the same under a group of transformations. -- J.K.F.

In various mathematical contexts, the term constant will be found applied to letters which should properly be called variables (according to our account here), but which are thought of as constant relatively to other variables appearing. The actual distinction in such cases, as revealed by logistic formalization, either is between free and bound variables, or concerns the order and manner in which the variables are bound by quantifiers, abstraction operators, etc.

investigation ::: n. --> The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research; study; inquiry, esp. patient or thorough inquiry or examination; as, the investigations of the philosopher and the mathematician; the investigations of the judge, the moralist.

involutionary given(s) ::: Items presupposed to be given or deposited by involution, already operating, for example, at the moment of the Big Bang and forward. These might include Eros/Agape (the morphogenetic tilt of manifestation), Prototypical Forms, certain mathematical laws, as well as the twenty tenets. Other examples of involutionary givens might include Whitehead’s eternal objects (shape, color, etc.) and Sheldrake’s pregiven constants (energy, form, causation, development, creativity). See evolutionary given(s).

I. Period of Preparation (9-12 cent.). Though he does not belong in time to this period, the most dominant figure in Christian thought was St. Augustine (+430), who constructed the general framework within which all subsequent Scholastic speculation operated. Another influential figure was Boethius (+525) whose opuscula sacra established the Scholastic method and who furnished many of the classical definitions and axioms. The first great figure of this period was John Scottus Erigena (+c. 877) who introduced to Latin thought the works of Denis the Pseudo-Areopagite, broadened the Scholastic method by his glossary on Boethius' opuscule sacra and made an unfruitful attempt to interest his contemporaries in natural philosophy by his semi-pantheistic De Divisione Naturae. Other figures of note: Gerbert (+1003) important in the realm of mathematics and natural philosophy; Fulbert of Chartres (+1028) influential in the movement to apply dialectics to theology; Berengar of Tours (+1088) Fulbert's disciple, who, together with Anselm the Peripatetic, was a leader in the movement to rationalize theology. Peter Damiani (+1072), preached strongly against this rationalistic spirit. More moderate and more efficacious in his reaction to the dialectical spirit of his age was Lawfranc (+1089), who strove to define the true boundaries of faith and reason.

is.t.a (ishta) ::: chosen, desired. ista isthi hina mathēs mathes thēr

It is sometimes necessary to distinguish between functions in intension and functions in extension, the distinction being that two n-adic functions in extension are considered identical if they have the same range and the same value for every possible ordered set of n arguments, whereas some more severe criterion of identity is imposed in the case of functions in intension. In most mathematical contexts the term function (also the roughly synonymous terms operation, transformation) is used in the sense of function in extension.

J. B. Rosser, A mathematical logic without variables, Annals of Mathematics, ser. 2, vol. 36 (1935), pp 127-150, and Duke Mathematical Journal, vol. 1 (1935), pp. 328-355.

Jefferson, Thomas: (1743-1826) Third president of the United States. He was the author of the Declaration of Independence, which remains as one of the monuments to his firm faith in democratic principles. His opposition to Hamiltonian centralization of power placed him at one extreme of the arc described by the pendulum of political theory that has swayed through the history of this country. He had firm faith in free speech and education and his life long efforts stand uppermost among those who struggled for tolerance and religious freedom. In addition to politics, he was keenly interested in the science and mathematics of his day. Cf. Writings of T. J., 10 vols. (N. Y. 1892-9), ed. P. L. Ford. -- L.E.D.

J. F. Herbart, Hauptpunkte d. Logik, 1808; Hauptpunkte d. Metaphysik, 1806-1808; Allgem. prakt. Philos., 1808; Lehrb. z. Psychologie, 1816; Psychol. als Wissensch. neu gegründet auf Erfahrung, Metaphysik u. Mathematik, 1824; Allgemeine Metaphysik, 1828-9. See Sämmtliche Werke, 19 vols. (ed. Fluegel, 1887-1912). -- H.H.

J. L. Coolidge, A History of Geometrical Methods, New York, 1940. Mathesis universalis: Universal mathematics. One major part of Leibniz's program for logic was the development of a universal mathematics or universal calculus for manipulating, i.e. performing deductions in, the universal language (characteristica universalis). This universal language, he thought, could be constructed on the basis of a relatively few simple terms and, when constructed, would be of immense value to scientists and philosophers in reasoning as well as in communication. Leibniz's studies on the subject of a universal mathematics are the starting point in modern philosophy of the development of symbolic, mathematical logic. -- F.L.W.

J. Lüroth. Ernst Schröder, Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker- Vereinigung, vol. 12 (1903). pp. 249-265; reprinted in Schröder's Algebra der Logik, vol. 2, part 2.

Ju: Confucianists. Scholars who were versed in the six arts, namely, the rules of propriety, music, archery, charioteering, writing, and mathematics. Priest-teachers in the Chou period (1122-249 B.C.) who clung to the dying culture of Shang (1765-1122 B.C.), observed Shang rules of conduct, became specialists on social decorum and religious rites. --W.T.C. Ju chia: The Confucian School, which "delighted in the study of the six Classics and paid attention to matters concerning benevolence and righteousness. They regarded Yao and Shun (mythological emperors) as founders whose example is to be followed, King Wen (1184-1135 B.C.?) and King Wu (1121-1116 B.C.?) as illustrious examples, and honored Confucius (551-479 B.C.) as the exalted teacher to give authority to their teaching." "As to the forms of proper conduct which they set up for prince and minister, for father and son, or the distinctions they make between husband and wife and between old and young, in these not even the opposition of all other philosophers can make any change."

J. v. Neumann, Die formalistische Grundlegung der Mathematik, ibid., pp. 116-121, 114-145, 146, 148.

karmathian ::: n. --> One of a Mohammedan sect founded in the ninth century by Karmat.

K. Gödel, Die Vollständigkeit der Axiome des logiscben Funktionen-kalküls, Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik, vol. 37 (1930), pp. 349-360.

K. Gödel, Uber formal unenscheidbare Sätze der Principia Mathematica und verwandter Systeme, Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik, vol. 38 (1931), pp. 173-198.

klamaths ::: n. pl. --> A collective name for the Indians of several tribes formerly living along the Klamath river, in California and Oregon, but now restricted to a reservation at Klamath Lake; -- called also Clamets and Hamati.

Lamennais, R.: (1782-1854) Leader of a Platonic-Christian movement in the Catholic clergy of France. He advanced the idea of "inspired mankind." He attacked the eighteenth century for its principles and its method. In finding dissolution and destruction as its aftermath, he advocated a return to the Catholic Church as the solution.

lattermath ::: n. --> The latter, or second, mowing; the aftermath.

L. Chwistek, The theory of constructive types, Annales de la Societe Polonaise de Mathematique, vol. 2 (1924), pp. 9-48, and vol. 3 (1925), pp. 92-141.

Leibniz, Gottfried Withelm: (1646-1716) Born in Leipzig, where his father was a professor in the university, he was educated at Leipzig, Jena, and Altdorf University, where he obtained his doctorate. Jurist, mathematician, diplomat, historian, theologian of no mean proportions, he was Germany's greatest 17th century philosopher and one of the most universal minds of all times. In Paris, then the centre of intellectual civilization (Moliere was still alive, Racine at the height of his glory), where he had been sent on an official mission of state, he met Arnauld, a disciple of Descartes who acquainted him with his master's ideas, and Huygens who taught him as to the higher forms of mathematics and their application to physical phenomena. He visited London, where he met Newton, Boyle, and others. At the Hague he came face to face with the other great philosopher of the time, Spinoza. One of Leibniz's cherished ideas was the creation of a society of scholars for the investigation of all branches of scientific truth to combine them into one great system of truth. His philosophy, the work "of odd moments", bears, in content and form, the impress of its haphazard origin and its author's cosmopolitan mode of large number of letters, essays, memoranda, etc., published in various scientific journals. Universality and individuality characterize him both as a man and philosopher.

L. E. J. Brouwer, Intuitionism and formalism. English translation by A. Dresden. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 20 (1913), pp 81-96.

L. E. J. Brouwer, Intuitionisme en Formalisme, Groningen, 1912 ; reprinted in Wiskunde, Waarheid, Werkelijkheid, Groningen, 1919; English translation by A. Dresden, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol 20 (1913) pp. 81-96.

lemma ::: n. --> A preliminary or auxiliary proposition demonstrated or accepted for immediate use in the demonstration of some other proposition, as in mathematics or logic.

Limit: We give here only some of the most elementary mathematical senses of this word, in connection with real numbers. (Refer to the articles Number and Continuity.)

lines ::: Relatively independent streams or capacities that proceed through levels of development. Howard Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligences is one example of the study of developmental lines. There is evidence for over a dozen developmental lines, including cognitive, moral, self-identity, aesthetic, kinesthetic, linguistic, musical, and mathematical. Integral Theory generally classifies these lines according to one of three types: cognitive lines (as studied by Jean Piaget, Robert Kegan, Kurt Fischer, etc.); selfrelated lines (e.g., morals, self-identity, needs, etc.); and capacities or talents (e.g., musical capacity, kinesthetic capacity, introspective capacity). Cognitive development is necessary but not sufficient for development in the self-related lines and appears to be necessary for most of the capacities.

L. Kalmar, On the possibility of definition by recursion, Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum (Szeged), vol. 9 (1940), pp. 227-232.

L. L. Post, Introduction to a general theory of elementary propositions, American Journal of Mathematics, vol. 43 (1921), pp. 163-185. Truth-value: On the view that every proposition is either true or false, one may speak of a proposition as having one of two truth-values, viz. truth or falsehood. This is the primary meaning of the term truth-value, but generalizations have been consideied according to which there are more than two truth-values -- see propositional calculus, many-valued. -- A.C.

Lmbert is known also for important contributions to mathematics, and astronomy; also for his work in logic, in particular his (unsuccessful, but historically significant) attempts at construction of a mathematical or symbolic logic. Cf. C. I. Lewis, Survey of Symbolic Logic. -- A.C.

Logical meaning: See meaning, kinds of, 3. Logical Positivism: See Scientific Empiricism. Logical truth: See Meaning, kinds of, 3; and Truth, semantical. Logistic: The old use of the word logistic to mean the art of calculation, or common arithmetic, is now nearly obsolete. In Seventeenth Century English the corresponding adjective was also sometimes used to mean simply logical. Leibniz occasionally employed logistica (as also logica mathematica) as one of various alternative names for his calculus ratiocinator. The modern use of logistic (French logistique) as a synonym for symbolic logic (q. v.) dates from the International Congress of Philosophy of 1904, where it was proposed independently by Itelson, Lalande, and Couturat. The word logistic has been employed by some with special reference to the Frege-Russell doctrine that mathematics is reducible to logic, but it would seem that the better usage makes it simply a synonym of symbolic logic. -- A. C.

L. Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, New York and London, 1922. F. P. Ramsey, The foundations of mathematics, Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, ser. 2, vol. 25 (1926), pp. 338-384; reprinted in his book of the same title, New York and London, 1931.

Main works: De arte combinatoria, 1666 ; Theoria motus concreti et abstracti, 1671 ; Discours de la metaphysique, 1686; Systeme nouveau de la nature, 1695; Nouveaux Essais sur l'entendement humain, 1701 (publ. 1765, criticism of Locke's Essay); Theodicee, 1710; Monadologie, 1714 (letter to Prince Eugene of Savoy). No complete edition of L. exists, but the Prussian Academy of Sciences began one and issued 4 vols. to date. Cf. Gerhardt's edition of L's philosophical works (7 vols., 1875-90) and mathematical works (1849-63), Foucher de Careil's edition, 7 vols. (1859-75), O. Klopp's edition of L.'s historico-political works, 10 vols. (1864-77), L. Couturat's Opuscules et fragments inedits de L., 1903. -- K.F.L.

matha ::: [monastery, hermitage].

mathematical ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to mathematics; according to mathematics; hence, theoretically precise; accurate; as, mathematical geography; mathematical instruments; mathematical exactness.

mathematic ::: a. --> See Mathematical.

mathematician ::: n. --> One versed in mathematics.

mathematics ::: n. --> That science, or class of sciences, which treats of the exact relations existing between quantities or magnitudes, and of the methods by which, in accordance with these relations, quantities sought are deducible from other quantities known or supposed; the science of spatial and quantitative relations.

mathematises ::: to reduce to or as if to mathematical formulas.

mather ::: n. --> See Madder.

mathesis ::: n. --> Learning; especially, mathematics.

mathes ::: n. --> The mayweed. Cf. Maghet.

math ::: n. --> A mowing, or that which is gathered by mowing; -- chiefly used in composition; as, an aftermath.

math&

mathurin ::: n. --> See Trinitarian.

mathusian ::: n. --> A follower of Malthus.

M. Bocher, The fundamental conceptions and methods of mathematics, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 11 (1904), pp. 115-135.

Mean: In general, that which in some way mediates or occupies a middle position among various things or between two extremes. Hence (especially in the plural) that through which an end is attained; in mathematics the word is used for any one of various notions of average; in ethics it represents moderation, temperance, prudence, the middle way. In mathematics:   The arithmetic mean of two quantities is half their sum; the arithmetic mean of n quantities is the sum of the n quantities, divided by n. In the case of a function f(x) (say from real numbers to real numbers) the mean value of the function for the values x1, x2, . . . , xn of x is the arithmetic mean of f(x1), f(x2), . . . , f(xn). This notion is extended to the case of infinite sets of values of x by means of integration; thus the mean value of f(x) for values of x between a and b is ∫f(x)dx, with a and b as the limits of integration, divided by the difference between a and b.   The geometric mean of or between, or the mean proportional between, two quantities is the (positive) square root of their product. Thus if b is the geometric mean between a and c, c is as many times greater (or less) than b as b is than a. The geometric mean of n quantities is the nth root of their product.   The harmonic mean of two quantities is defined as the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of their reciprocals. Hence the harmonic mean of a and b is 2ab/(a + b).   The weighted mean or weighted average of a set of n quantities, each of which is associated with a certain number as weight, is obtained by multiplying each quantity by the associated weight, adding these products together, and then dividing by the sum of the weights. As under A, this may be extended to the case of an infinite set of quantities by means of integration. (The weights have the role of estimates of relative importance of the various quantities, and if all the weights are equal the weighted mean reduces to the simple arithmetic mean.)   In statistics, given a population (i.e., an aggregate of observed or observable quantities) and a variable x having the population as its range, we have:     The mean value of x is the weighted mean of the values of x, with the probability (frequency ratio) of each value taken as its weight. In the case of a finite population this is the same as the simple arithmetic mean of the population, provided that, in calculating the arithmetic mean, each value of x is counted as many times over as it occurs in the set of observations constituting the population.     In like manner, the mean value of a function f(x) of x is the weighted mean of the values of f(x), where the probability of each value of x is taken as the weight of the corresponding value of f(x).     The mode of the population is the most probable (most frequent) value of x, provided there is one such.     The median of the population is so chosen that the probability that x be less than the median (or the probability that x be greater than the median) is ½ (or as near ½ as possible). In the case of a finite population, if the values of x are arranged in order of magnitude     --repeating any one value of x as many times over as it occurs in the set of observations constituting the population     --then the middle term of this series, or the arithmetic mean of the two middle terms, is the median.     --A.C. In cosmology, the fundamental means (arithmetic, geometric, and harmonic) were used by the Greeks in describing or actualizing the process of becoming in nature. The Pythagoreans and the Platonists in particular made considerable use of these means (see the Philebus and the Timaeus more especially). These ratios are among the basic elements used by Plato in his doctrine of the mixtures. With the appearance of the qualitative physics of Aristotle, the means lost their cosmological importance and were thereafter used chiefly in mathematics. The modern mathematical theories of the universe make use of the whole range of means analyzed by the calculus of probability, the theory of errors, the calculus of variations, and the statistical methods. In ethics, the 'Doctrine of the Mean' is the moral theory of moderation, the development of the virtues, the determination of the wise course in action, the practice of temperance and prudence, the choice of the middle way between extreme or conflicting decisions. It has been developed principally by the Chinese, the Indians and the Greeks; it was used with caution by the Christian moralists on account of their rigorous application of the moral law.   In Chinese philosophy, the Doctrine of the Mean or of the Middle Way (the Chung Yung, literally 'Equilibrium and Harmony') involves the absence of immoderate pleasure, anger, sorrow or joy, and a conscious state in which those feelings have been stirred and act in their proper degree. This doctrine has been developed by Tzu Shu (V. C. B.C.), a grandson of Confucius who had already described the virtues of the 'superior man' according to his aphorism "Perfect is the virtue which is according to the mean". In matters of action, the superior man stands erect in the middle and strives to follow a course which does not incline on either side.   In Buddhist philosophy, the System of the Middle Way or Madhyamaka is ascribed more particularly to Nagarjuna (II c. A.D.). The Buddha had given his revelation as a mean or middle way, because he repudiated the two extremes of an exaggerated ascetlsm and of an easy secular life. This principle is also applied to knowledge and action in general, with the purpose of striking a happy medium between contradictory judgments and motives. The final objective is the realization of the nirvana or the complete absence of desire by the gradual destruction of feelings and thoughts. But while orthodox Buddhism teaches the unreality of the individual (who is merely a mass of causes and effects following one another in unbroken succession), the Madhyamaka denies also the existence of these causes and effects in themselves. For this system, "Everything is void", with the legitimate conclusion that "Absolute truth is silence". Thus the perfect mean is realized.   In Greek Ethics, the doctrine of the Right (Mean has been developed by Plato (Philebus) and Aristotle (Nic. Ethics II. 6-8) principally, on the Pythagorean analogy between the sound mind, the healthy body and the tuned string, which has inspired most of the Greek Moralists. Though it is known as the "Aristotelian Principle of the Mean", it is essentially a Platonic doctrine which is preformed in the Republic and the Statesman and expounded in the Philebus, where we are told that all good things in life belong to the class of the mixed (26 D). This doctrine states that in the application of intelligence to any kind of activity, the supreme wisdom is to know just where to stop, and to stop just there and nowhere else. Hence, the "right-mean" does not concern the quantitative measurement of magnitudes, but simply the qualitative comparison of values with respect to a standard which is the appropriate (prepon), the seasonable (kairos), the morally necessary (deon), or generally the moderate (metrion). The difference between these two kinds of metretics (metretike) is that the former is extrinsic and relative, while the latter is intrinsic and absolute. This explains the Platonic division of the sciences into two classes: those involving reference to relative quantities (mathematical or natural), and those requiring absolute values (ethics and aesthetics). The Aristotelian analysis of the "right mean" considers moral goodness as a fixed and habitual proportion in our appetitions and tempers, which can be reached by training them until they exhibit just the balance required by the right rule. This process of becoming good develops certain habits of virtues consisting in reasonable moderation where both excess and defect are avoided: the virtue of temperance (sophrosyne) is a typical example. In this sense, virtue occupies a middle position between extremes, and is said to be a mean; but it is not a static notion, as it leads to the development of a stable being, when man learns not to over-reach himself. This qualitative conception of the mean involves an adaptation of the agent, his conduct and his environment, similar to the harmony displayed in a work of art. Hence the aesthetic aspect of virtue, which is often overstressed by ancient and neo-pagan writers, at the expense of morality proper.   The ethical idea of the mean, stripped of the qualifications added to it by its Christian interpreters, has influenced many positivistic systems of ethics, and especially pragmatism and behaviourism (e.g., A. Huxley's rule of Balanced Excesses). It is maintained that it is also involved in the dialectical systems, such as Hegelianism, where it would have an application in the whole dialectical process as such: thus, it would correspond to the synthetic phase which blends together the thesis and the antithesis by the meeting of the opposites. --T.G. Mean, Doctrine of the: In Aristotle's ethics, the doctrine that each of the moral virtues is an intermediate state between extremes of excess and defect. -- O.R.M.

mechanics ::: n. --> That science, or branch of applied mathematics, which treats of the action of forces on bodies.

Meinong, Alexius: (1853-1921) Was originally a disciple of Brentano, who however emphatically rejected many of Meinong's later contentions. He claimed to have discovered a new a priori science, the "theory of objects" (to be distinguished from metaphysics which is an empirical science concerning reality, but was never worked out by Meinong). Anything "intended" by thought is an "object". Objects may either "exist" (such as physical objects) or "subsist" (such as facts which Meinong unfortunately termed "objectives", or mathematical entities), they may either be possible or impossible and they may belong either to a lower or to a higher level (such as "relations" and "complexions", "founded" on their simple terms or elements). In the "theory of objects," the existence of objects is abstracted from (or as Husserl later said it may be "bracketed") and their essence alone has to be considered. Objects are apprehended either by self-evident judgments or by "assumptions", that is, by "imaginary judgments". In the field of emotions there is an analogous division since there are also "imaginary" emotions (such as those of the spectator in a tragedy). Much of Meinong's work was of a psychological rather than of a metaphysical or epistemological character. -- H.G.

Metalanguage: A language used to make assertions about another language; any language whose symbols refer to the properties of the symbols of another language. (Formed by analogy with "metamathematics", the study of formalized mathematical systems.) -- M.B.

Metamathematics: See Proof theory, and Syntax, logical. Metaphor: Rhetorical figure transposing a term from its original concept to another and similar one. In its origin, all language was metaphoric; so was poetry. Metaphor is a short fable (Vico). -- L.V.

Metaphysics and psychology are not distinct in Herbert's view. In his day psychology was also philosophy. It was still a metaphysical science in the sense that it is differentiated from physical science. It was only later that psychology repudiated philosophy. Accepting Kant's challenge to make psychology a mathematical science, he developed an elaborate system of mathematical constructions that proved the least fruitful phase of his system. As a mathematical science psychology can use only calculation, not experiment. As the mind or soul is unitary, indivisible. science, including philosophy, is neither analytical nor experimental. Bv denying analysis to psychology, Herbart combatted the division of mind into separate faculties. Psychology is not the mere description of the mind, but the working out of its mathematical laws.

Methodology: The systematic analysis and organization of the rational and experimental principles and processes which must guide a scientific inquiry, or which constitute the structure of the special sciences more particularly. Methodology, which is also called scientific method, and more seldom methodeutic, refers not only to the whole of a constituted science, but also to individual problems or groups of problems within a science. As such it is usually considered as a branch of logic; in fact, it is the application of the principles and processes of logic to the special objects of the various sciences; while science in general is accounted for by the combination of deduction and induction as such. Thus, methodology is a generic term exemplified in the specific method of each science. Hence its full significance can be understood only by analyzing the structure of the special sciences. In determining that structure, one must consider the proper object of the special science, the manner in which it develops, the type of statements or generalizations it involves, its philosophical foundations or assumptions, and its relation with the other sciences, and eventually its applications. The last two points mentioned are particularly important: methods of education, for example, will vary considerably according to their inspiration and aim. Because of the differences between the objects of the various sciences, they reveal the following principal methodological patterns, which are not necessarily exclusive of one another, and which are used sometimes in partial combination. It may be added that their choice and combination depend also in a large degree on psychological motives. In the last resort, methodology results from the adjustment of our mental powers to the love and pursuit of truth. There are various rational methods used by the speculative sciences, including theology which adds certain qualifications to their use. More especially, philosophy has inspired the following procedures:   The Soctattc method of analysis by questioning and dividing until the essences are reached;   the synthetic method developed by Plato, Aristotle and the Medieval thinkers, which involves a demonstrative exposition of the causal relation between thought and being;   the ascetic method of intellectual and moral purification leading to an illumination of the mind, as proposed by Plotinus, Augustine and the mystics;   the psychological method of inquiry into the origin of ideas, which was used by Descartes and his followers, and also by the British empiricists;   the critical or transcendental method, as used by Kant, and involving an analysis of the conditions and limits of knowledge;   the dialectical method proceeding by thesis, antithesis and synthesis, which is promoted by Hegelianlsm and Dialectical Materialism;   the intuitive method, as used by Bergson, which involves the immediate perception of reality, by a blending of consciousness with the process of change;   the reflexive method of metaphysical introspection aiming at the development of the immanent realities and values leading man to God;   the eclectic method (historical-critical) of purposive and effective selection as proposed by Cicero, Suarez and Cousin; and   the positivistic method of Comte, Spencer and the logical empiricists, which attempts to apply to philosophy the strict procedures of the positive sciences. The axiomatic or hypothetico-deductive method as used by the theoretical and especially the mathematical sciences. It involves such problems as the selection, independence and simplification of primitive terms and axioms, the formalization of definitions and proofs, the consistency and completeness of the constructed theory, and the final interpretation. The nomological or inductive method as used by the experimental sciences, aims at the discovery of regularities between phenomena and their relevant laws. It involves the critical and careful application of the various steps of induction: observation and analytical classification; selection of similarities; hypothesis of cause or law; verification by the experimental canons; deduction, demonstration and explanation; systematic organization of results; statement of laws and construction of the relevant theory. The descriptive method as used by the natural and social sciences, involves observational, classificatory and statistical procedures (see art. on statistics) and their interpretation. The historical method as used by the sciences dealing with the past, involves the collation, selection, classification and interpretation of archeological facts and exhibits, records, documents, archives, reports and testimonies. The psychological method, as used by all the sciences dealing with human behaviour and development. It involves not only introspective analysis, but also experimental procedures, such as those referring to the relations between stimuli and sensations, to the accuracy of perceptions (specific measurements of intensity), to gradation (least noticeable differences), to error methods (average error in right and wrong cases), and to physiological and educational processes.

M. H. Stone, The representation of Boolean algebras, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. vol. 44 (1938), pp. 807-816.

Mishnah, extra canonical: R. Juda Hanasi included in his Mishnah (now the Mishnah par excellence) selected materials from the older Mishnah-collections, particularly from that of R. Akiba (d. 135 A.D.) and his disciple, R. Meir. In fact, it is assumed that any anonymous statement in the Mishnah is R. Meir's (setam mathnithin R. Meir).

Missing definition "introduction" First, this is an (English language) __computing__ dictionary. It includes lots of terms from related fields such as mathematics and electronics, but if you're looking for (or want to submit) words from other subjects or general English words or other languages, try {(http://wikipedia.org/)}, {(http://onelook.com/)}, {(http://yourdictionary.com/)}, {(http://www.dictionarist.com/)} or {(http://reference.allrefer.com/)}. If you've already searched the dictionary for a computing term and it's not here then please __don't tell me__. There are, and always will be, a great many missing terms, no dictionary is ever complete. I use my limited time to process the corrections and definitions people have submitted and to add the {most frequently requested missing terms (missing.html)}. Try one of the sources mentioned above or {(http://techweb.com/encyclopedia/)}, {(http://whatis.techtarget.com/)} or {(http://google.com/)}. See {the Help page (help.html)} for more about missing definitions and bad cross-references. (2014-09-20)! {exclamation mark}!!!Batch "language, humour" A daft way of obfuscating text strings by encoding each character as a different number of {exclamation marks} surrounded by {question marks}, e.g. "d" is encoded as "?!!!!?". The language is named after the {MSDOS} {batch file} in which the first converter was written. {esoteric programming languages} {wiki entry (http://esolangs.org/wiki/!!!Batch)}. (2014-10-25)" {double quote}

monochord ::: n. --> An instrument for experimenting upon the mathematical relations of musical sounds. It consists of a single string stretched between two bridges, one or both of which are movable, and which stand upon a graduated rule for the purpose of readily changing and measuring the length of the part of the string between them.

Moritz Cantor, Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik, 4 vols., Leipzig, 1880-1908; 4th edn., Leipzig, 1921.

M. Schönfinkel, Über die Bausteine der mathematischen Logik, Mathematische Annalen, vol. 92 (1924), pp. 305-316.

Multiple Correlation ::: A correlational technique used when there is one X and two or more Y. (Example: the correlation between age and (math and English ability).

multiple ::: n. **1. Math. A number that contains another number an exact number of times. adj. 2.** Having or involving or consisting of more than one part or entity or individual.

Necessity: A state of affairs is said to be necessary if it cannot be otherwise than it is. Inasmuch as the grounds of an assertion of this kind may in general be one of three very distinct kinds, it is customary and valuable to distinguish the three types of necessity affirmed as logical or mathematical necessity, physical necessity, and moral necessity. The distinction between these three was first worked out with precision by Leibniz in his Theodicee.

nematelmia ::: n. pl. --> Same as Nemathelminthes.

nemathecia ::: pl. --> of Nemathecium

nemathecium ::: n. --> A peculiar kind of fructification on certain red algae, consisting of an external mass of filaments at length separating into tetraspores.

Newton's Method: The method of procedure in natural philosophy as formulated by Sir Isaac Newton, especially in his Rules of Reasoning in Philosophy (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, Book III). These rules are as follows: We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances. Therefore to the same natural effects we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes. The qualities of bodies, which admit neither intension nor remission of degrees, and which are found to belong to all bodies within the reach of our experiments, are to be esteemed the universal qualities of all bodies whatsoever. In experimental philosophy we are to look upon propositions collected by general induction from phaenomena as accurately or very nearly true, notwithstanding any contrary hypotheses that may be imagined, till such time as other phaenomena occur, by which they may either be made more accurate, or liable to exceptions. To this passage should be appended another statement from the closing pages of the same work. "I do not make hypotheses; for whatever is not deduced from the phaenomena is to be called an hypothesis; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, whether of occult qualities or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy." -- A.C.S.

Nolini: “The image is that of the comoposition of an army or that of a mathematical series (e.g., arithmetical or geometrical progression). It is composed of regularised uits of different values (group of sums), but all measured and definite and precise—e.g.., in the case of an army—company, brigade, battalion, army—an ascending scale, the whole also forming one big unit, taken in at a single glance—that is the nature of overmind vision.

Null class: See Logic, formal, §7. Number: The number system of mathematical analysis may be described as follows -- with reference, not to historical, but to one possible logical order.

Numerous solutions of these paradoxes have been proposed. Many, however, have the fault that, while they purport to find a flaw in the arguments leading to the paradoxes, no effective criterion is given by which to discover in the case of other (e.g., mathematical) proofs whether they have the same flaw.

of or pertaining to geometry, the branch of mathematics that deals with the deduction of the properties, measurement, and relationships of points, lines, angles, and figures in space.

operand ::: n. --> The symbol, quantity, or thing upon which a mathematical operation is performed; -- called also faciend.

opsimathy ::: n. --> Education late in life.

Other figures worthy of mention who fit wholly into none of the above currents of thought are Raymond Lull (+1315), an active opponent of Averroism and the inventor of the famous Ars magna which intrigued young Leibnitz; Roger Bacon (+c. 1293) who under the influence of Platonism, furthered the mathematical and experimental methods; William of Moerbeke (+1286), one of the greatest philologists of the M.A., who greatly improved the translations of Aristotelian and Neoplatonic literature by consulting directly Greek sources; the first proponents of the via moderna doctrine in Logic, William Shyreswood (+1249) and Petrus Hispanus (+1277).

Pascal, Blaise: (1623-1662) French philosopher mathematician and scientist. He conducted scientific researches including experiments on atmospheric pressure and invented an ingenious calculating machine. He turned from preoccupation with the scientific to the study of man and his spiritual problems and found faith as a sounder guide than reason. At this stage of his thought, theology becomes central. These thoughts are developed in his Provincial Letters and in his posthumously published masterpieces of style, the Pensees. -- L.E.D.

P. Bernays, Sur le platonisme dans les mathematiques, and Quelques points essentiels de la metamathematique, l'Enseignement Mathematique, vol. 34 (1935), pp. 52-95.

Peano, Giuseppe, 1858-1932, Italian mathematician. Professor of mathematics at the University of Turin, 1890-1932. His work in mathematical logic marks a transition stage between the old algebra of logic and the newer methods. It is inferior to Frege's by present standards of rigor, but nevertheless contains important advances, among which may be mentioned the distinction between class inclusion (⊂) and class membership (∈) -- which had previously been confused -- and the introduction of a notation for formation of a class by abstraction (q. v.). His logical notations are more convenient than Frege's, and many of them are still in common use.

Peano is known also for other contributions to mathematics, including the discoverv of the area filling curve which bears his name, and for his advocacy of Latino sine flexione as an international language. -- A.C.

Peano's first publication on mathematicil logic was the introduction to his Calcolo Geometrico, 1888. His postulates for arithmetic (see arithmetic, foundations of) appeared in his Arith¦metices Principia (1889) and in revised form in Sul concetto di numero (Rivista di Matematica, vol. 1 (1891)), and were repeated in successive volumes (more properly, editions) of his Formulaire de Mathematiques (1894-1908). The last-named work, written with the aid of collaborators, was intended to provide a reduction of all mathematics to symbolic notation, and often the encyclopedic aspect was stressed as much as, or more than, that of logical analysis.

P. E. B. Jourdain, Giuseppe Peano, The Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 43 (1912), pp. 270-314.

P.E.B. Jourdain, Gottlob Frege, The Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 43 (1912), pp. 237-269.

pharmacognosis ::: n. --> That branch of pharmacology which treats of unprepared medicines or simples; -- called also pharmacography, and pharmacomathy.

pharmacomathy ::: n. --> See Pharmacognosis.

philomathematic ::: n. --> A philomath.

philomathic ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to philomathy.
Having love of learning or letters.


philomath ::: n. --> A lover of learning; a scholar.

philomathy ::: n. --> The love of learning or letters.

Philosophers have in the past been concerned with two questions covered by our definition, though attempts to organize the subject as an autonomous department of philosophy are of recent date. Enquiries into the origin of language (e.g. in Plato's Kratylos) once a favorite subject for speculation, are now out of fashion, both with philosophers and linguists. Enquiries as to the nature of language (as in Descartes, Leibniz, and many others) are, however, still central to all philosophical interest in language. Such questions as "What are the most general characters of symbolism?", "How is 'Language' to be defined?", "What is the essence of language?", "How is communication possible?", "What would be the nature of a perfect language?", are indicative of the varying modulations which this theme receives in the works of contemporaries.   Current studies in the philosophy of language can be classified under five hends:   Questions of method, relation to other disciplines, etc. Much discussion turns here upon the proposal to establish a science and art of symbolism, variously styled semiotic, semantics or logical syntax,   The analysis of meaning. Problems arising here involve attention to those under the next heading.   The formulation of general descriptive schemata. Topics of importance here include the identification and analysis of different ways in which language is used, and the definition of men crucial notions as "symbol'', "grammar", "form", "convention", "metaphor", etc.   The study of fully formalized language systems or "calculi". An increasingly important and highly technical division which seeks to extend and adapt to all languages the methods first developed in "metamathematics" for the study of mathematical symbolism.   Applications to problems in general philosophy. Notably the attempt made to show that necessary propositions are really verbal; or again, the study of the nature of the religious symbol. Advance here awaits more generally acceptable doctrine in the other divisions.   References:

physico-mathematics ::: n. --> Mixed mathematics.

Physics: (Gr. physis, nature) In Greek philosophy, one of the three branches of philosophy, Logic and Ethics being the other two among the Stoics (q.v.). In Descartes, metaphysics is the root and physics the trunk of the "tree of knowledge." Today, it is the science (overlapping chemistry, biology and human physiology) of the calculation and prediction of the phenomena of motion of microscopic or macroscopic bodies, e.g. gravitation, pressure, heat, light, sound, magnetism, electricity, radio-activity, etc. Philosophical problems arise concerning the relation of physics to biological and social phenomena, to pure mathematics, and to metaphysics. See Mechanism, Physicalism.. Physis: See Nature, Physics. Picturesque: A modification of the beautiful in English aesthetics, 18th century. -- L.V.

pisaca-asura (pishacha-asura; pisacha-asura; pisacha asura) ::: the pisaca-asura pisaca stage of the asura, which evolves in the second and third manvantaras of the sixth pratikalpa. pis pisaca-pramatha

Plato: (428-7 - 348-7 B.C.) Was one of the greatest of the Greek philosophers. He was born either in Athens or on the island of Aegina, and was originally known as Aristocles. Ariston, his father, traced his ancestry to the last kings of Athens. His mother, Perictione, was a descendant of the family of Solon. Plato was given the best elementary education possible and he spent eight years, from his own twentieth year to the death of Socrates, as a member of the Socratic circle. Various stories are told about his supposed masters in philosophy, and his travels in Greece, Italy, Sicily and Egypt, but all that we know for certain is that he somehow acquired a knowledge of Pythagoreanisrn, Heracleitanism, Eleaticism and othei Pre-Socratic philosophies. He founded his school of mathematics and philosophy in Athens in 387 B.C. It became known as the Academy. Here he taught with great success until his death at the age of eighty. His career as a teacher was interrupted on two occasions by trips to Sicily, where Plato tried without much success to educate and advise Dionysius the Younger. His works have been very well preserved; we have more than twenty-five authentic dialogues, certain letters, and some definitions which are probably spurious. For a list of works, bibliography and an outline of his thought, see Platonism. -- V.J.B.

Platonic Realism: See Realism. Platonism: The philosophy of Plato marks one of the high points in the development of Greek philosophical genius Platomsm is characterised by a partial contempt for sense knowledge and empirical studies, by a high regard for mathematics and its method, by a longing for another and better world, by a frankly spiritualistic view of life, by its use of a method of discussion involving an accumulation of ever more profound insights rather than the formal logic of Aristotle, and, above all, by an unswerving faith in the capacity of the human mind to attain absolute truth and to use this truth in the rational direction of human life and affairs.

Plato's theory of knowledge can hardly be discussed apart from his theory of reality. Through sense perception man comes to know the changeable world of bodies. This is the realm of opinion (doxa), such cognition may be more or less clear but it never rises to the level of true knowledge, for its objects are impermanent and do not provide a stable foundation for science. It is through intellectual, or rational, cognition that man discovers another world, that of immutable essences, intelligible realities, Forms or Ideas. This is the level of scientific knowledge (episteme); it is reached in mathematics and especially in philosophy (Repub. VI, 510). The world of intelligible Ideas contains the ultimate realities from which the world of sensible things has been patterned. Plato experienced much difficulty in regard to the sort of existence to be attributed to his Ideas. Obviously it is not the crude existence of physical things, nor can it be merely the mental existence of logical constructs. Interpretations have varied from the theory of the Christian Fathers (which was certainly not that of Plato himself) viz , that the Ideas are exemplary Causes in God's Mind, to the suggestion of Aristotle (Metaphysics, I) that they are realized, in a sense, in the world of individual things, but are apprehended only by the intellect The Ideas appear, however, particularly in the dialogues of the middle period, to be objective essences, independent of human minds, providing not only the foundation for the truth of human knowledge but afso the ontological bases for the shadowy things of the sense world. Within the world of Forms, there is a certain hierarchy. At the top, the most noble of all, is the Idea of the Good (Repub. VII), it dominates the other Ideas and they participate in it. Beauty, symmetry and truth are high-ranking Ideas; at times they are placed almost on a par with the Good (Philebus 65; also Sympos. and Phaedrus passim). There are, below, these, other Ideas, such as those of the major virtues (wisdom, temperance, courage, justice and piety) and mathematical terms and relations, such as equality, likeness, unlikeness and proportion. Each type or class of being is represented by its perfect Form in the sphere of Ideas, there is an ideal Form of man, dog, willow tree, of every kind of natural object and even of artificial things like beds (Repub. 596). The relationship of the "many" objects, belonging to a certain class of things in the sense world, to the "One", i.e. the single Idea which is their archetype, is another great source of difficulty to Plato. Three solutions, which are not mutually exclusive, are suggested in the dialogues (1) that the many participate imperfectly in the perfect nature of their Idea, (2) that the many are made in imitation of the One, and (3) that the many are composed of a mixture of the Limit (Idea) with the Unlimited (matter).

Poincare, Henri: (1854-1912) French mathematician and mathematical physicist to whom many important technical contributions are due. His thought was occupied by problems on the borderline of physics and philosophy. His views reflect the influence of positivism and seem to be closely related to pngmatism. Poincare is known also for his opposition to the logistic method in the foundations of mathematics, especially as it was advocated by Bertrand i (q.v.) and Louis Couturat, and for his proposed resolution of the logical paradoxes (q.v.) by the prohibition of impredicattve definition (q.v.). Among his books, the more influential are Science and Hypothesis, Science and Method, and Dernieres Pensees. -- R.B.W.

polymathic ::: a. --> Pertaining to polymathy; acquainted with many branches of learning.

polymathist ::: n. --> One versed in many sciences; a person of various learning.

polymathy ::: n. --> The knowledge of many arts and sciences; variety of learning.

Positivism: First associated with the doctrine of Auguste Comte that the highest form of knowledge is simple description presumably of sensory phenomena. The doctrine was based on an evolutionary "law of three stages", believed by Comte to have been discovered by him in 1822 but anticipated by Turgot in 1750. The three stages were the theological, in which anthropomorphic wills were resorted to to explain natural events, the metaphysical, in which these wills were depersonalized and became forces and essences, and finally the positive. It should be noted that positivistic description was supposed to result in mathematical formulas, not in introspective psychology. See Scientific Empiricism I. -- G.B.

Postulate: See Mathematics. Potency: (Scholastic) Potency is opposed to act as asserted of being. It means the capacity of being or of being thus. Prime matter (q.v.) is pure potency, indetermined in regard to actual corporeal being. Any change or development or, generally, becoming presupposes a corresponding potency. Some potencies belong to the nature of a thing, others are merely passive and consist in non-repugnance. Thus to be thrown is not due to a potency strictly speaking in the stone which has, in regard to this a "merely obediential" potency. The first kind is also called operative potency. -- R.A.

pramatha ::: a kind of being on the lower vital plane, related to the pisaca; the fourth of the ten types of consciousness (dasa-gavas) in the evolutionary scale: mind concentrated on the heart and the emotional and aesthetic part of the citta.

pramatha-asura (pramatha-asura) ::: the pramatha stage of the asura, which evolves in the fourth manvantara of the sixth pratikalpa. pramatha-r pramatha-raksasa

pramathanatha ::: lord of the demoniac, [Siva].

pramatha ::: [one of a class of demons attending on Siva].

pramathesvari (pramatheswari) ::: Kali as ruler of the emotional mind pramathesvari (pramatha).

Probability: In general Chance, possibility, contingency, likelihood, likehness, presumption. conjecture, prediction, forecast, credibility, relevance; the quality or state of being likely true or likely to happen; a fact or a statement which is likely true, real, operative or provable by future events; the conditioning of partial or approximate belief or assent; the motive of a presumption or prediction; the conjunction of reasonable grounds for presuming the truth of a statement or the occurrence of an event; the field of knowledge between complete ignorance and full certitude; an approximation to fact or truth; a qualitative or numerical value attached to a probable inference, and by extension, the systematic study of chances or relative possibilities as forming the subject of the theory of probability. A. The Foundation of Probability. We cannot know everything completely and with certainty. Yet we desire to think and to act as correctly as possible hence the necessity of considering methods leading to reasonable approximations, and of estimating their results in terms of the relative evidence available in each case. In D VI-VII (infra) only, is probability interpreted as a property of events or occurrences as such: whether necessary or contingent, facts are simply conditioned by other facts, and have neither an intelligence nor a will to realize their certainty or their probability. In other views, probability requires ultimately a mind to perceive it as such it arises from the combination of our partial ignorance of the extremely complex nature and conditions of the phenomena, with the inadequacy of our means of observation, experimentation and analysis, however searching and provisionally satisfactory. Thus it may be said that probability exists formally in the mind and materially in the phenomena as related between themselves. In stressing the one or the other of these two aspects, we obtain (1) subjectize probability, when the psychological conditions of the mind cause it to evaluate a fact or statement with fear of possible error; and (2) objective probability, when reference is made to that quality of facts and statements, which causes the mind to estimate them with a conscious possibility of error. Usually, methods can be devised to objectify technically the subjective aspect of probability, such as the rules for the elimination of the personal equation of the inquirer. Hence the methods established for the study and the interpretation of chances can be considered independently of the state of mind as such of the inquirer. These methods make use of rational or empirical elements. In the first case, we are dealing with a priori or theoretical probability, which considers the conditions or occurrences of an event hypothetically and independently of any direct experience. In the second case, we are dealing with inductive or empirical probability. And when these probabilities are represented with numerals or functions to denote measures of likelihood, we are concerned with quantitative or mathematical probability. Methods involving the former cannot be assimilated with methods involving the latter, but both can be logically correlated on the strength of the general principle of explanation, that similar conjunctions of moral or physical facts demand a general law governing and justifying them.

proficient ::: n. --> One who has made considerable advances in any business, art, science, or branch of learning; an expert; an adept; as, proficient in a trade; a proficient in mathematics, music, etc. ::: a. --> Well advanced in any branch of knowledge or skill; possessed of considerable acquirements; well-skilled; versed; adept,

promorphology ::: n. --> Crystallography of organic forms; -- a division of morphology created by Haeckel. It is essentially stereometric, and relates to a mathematical conception of organic forms. See Tectology.

Proof by cases: Represented in its simplest form by the valid inference of the propositional calculus, from A ⊃ C and B ⊃ C and A ∨ B to C. More complex forms involve multiple disjunctions, e.g., the inference from A ⊃ D and B ⊃ D and C⊃ D and [A ∨ B] ∨ C to D. The simplest form of proof by cases is thus the same as the simple constructive dilemma (see Logic, formal, § 2), the former term deriving from mathematical usage and the latter from traditional logic. For the more complex forms of proof by cases, and like generalizations of the other kinds of dilemma to the case of more than two major premisses, logicians have devised the names trilemma, tetralemma, polylemma -- but these are not much found in actual use. -- A.C.

Proof theory: The formalization of mathematical proof by means of a logistic system (q. v.) makes possible an objective theory of proofs and provability, in which proofs are treated as concrete manipulations of formulas (and no use is made of meanings of formulas). This is Hilbert's proof theory, or metamathematics. p A central problem of proof theory, according to Hilbert, is the proof of consistency of logistic systems adequate to mathematics or substantial parts of mathematics. -- A logistic system is said to be consistent, relatively to a particular notation in the system called negation, if there is no formula A such that both A and the negation of A are provable (i.e., are theorems). The systems with which Hilbert deals, and the notations in them which he wishes to call negation, are such that, if a formula A and its negation were once proved, every propositional formula could be proved; hence he is able to formulate the consistency by snying that a particular formula (e.g., ∼[0 = 0]) is not provable.

protractor ::: n. --> One who, or that which, protracts, or causes protraction.
A mathematical instrument for laying down and measuring angles on paper, used in drawing or in plotting. It is of various forms, semicircular, rectangular, or circular.
An instrument formerly used in extracting foreign or offensive matter from a wound.
A muscle which extends an organ or part; -- opposed to


Pythagoreanism: The doctrines (philosophical, mathematical, moral, and religious) of Pythagoras (c. 572-497) and of his school which flourished until about the end of the 4th century B.C. The Pythagorean philosophy was a dualism which sharply distinguished thought and the senses, the soul and the body, the mathematical forms of things and their perceptible appearances. The Pythagoreans supposed that the substances of all things were numbers and that all phenomena were sensuous expressions of mathematical ratios. For them the whole universe was harmony. They made important contributions to mathematics, astronomv, and physics (acoustics) and were the first to formulate the elementary principles and methods of arithmetic and geometry as taught in the first books of Euclid. But the Pythagorean sect was not only a philosophical and mathematical school (cf. K. von Fritz, Pythagorean Politics in Southern Italy, 1941), but also a religious brotherhood and a fellowship for moral reformation. They believed in the immortality and transmigration (see Metempsychosis) of the soul which they defined as the harmony of the body. To restore harmony which was confused by the senses was the goal of their Ethics and Politics. The religious ideas were closely related to those of the Greek mysteries which sought by various rites and abstinences to purify and redeem the soul. The attempt to combine this mysticism with their mathematical philosophy, led the Pythagoreans to the development of an intricate and somewhat fantastic symbolism which collected correspondences between numbers and things and for example identified the antithesis of odd and even with that of form and matter, the number 1 with reason, 2 with the soul, etc. Through their ideas the Pythagoreans had considerable effect on the development of Plato's thought and on the theories of the later Neo-platonists.

Rationalism: A method, or very broadly, a theory of philosophy, in which the criterion of truth is not sensory but intellectual and deductive. Usually associated with an attempt to introduce mathematical methods into philosophy, as in Descartes, Leibniz and Spinoza. -- V.J.B.

R. Carnap, Die logizistische Grundlegung der Mathematik, Erkenntnis, vol. 2 (1931), pp. 91-105, 141-144, 145.

R. Carnap, The Logical Syntax of Language, New York and London, 1937. Review by S. MacLane, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 44 (1938), pp. 171-176. Review by S. C. Kleene, The Journal of Symbolic Logic, vol. 4 (1939), pp. 82-87.

Recursion, proof by, or, as it is more often called, proof by mathematical induction or complete induction, is in its simplest form a proof that every non-negative integer possesses a ceirtain property by showing that 0 possesses this property, and that, on the hypothesis that the non-negative integer x possesses this property, then x+1 possesses this property. (The condition (2) is often expressed, following Frege and Russell, by saying that the property is hereditary in the series of non-negative integers.) The name proof by recursion, or proof by mathematical or complete induction, is also given to various similar but more complex forms.

Reducibility, axiom of: An axiom which (or some substitute) is necessary in connection with the ramified theory of types (q.v.) if that theory is to be adequate for classical mathematics, but the admissibility of which has been much disputed (see Paradoxes, logical). An exact statement of the axiom can be made only in the context of a detailed formulation of the ramified theory of types -- which will not here be undertaken. As an indication or rough description of the axiom of reducibility, it may be said that it cancels a large part of ihe restrictive consequences of the prohibition against impredicative definition (q.v.) and, in approximate effect, reduces the ramified theory of types to the simple theory of types (for the latter see Logic, formal, § 6). -- A.C.

Rejected in particular by intuitionism are the use of impredicative definition (q. v.); the assumption that all things satisfying a given condition can be united into a set and this set then treated as an individual thing --or even the weakened form of this assumption which is found in Zermelo's Aussonderungsaxiom or axiom of subset formation (see logic, formal, § 9); the law of excluded middle as applied to propositions whose expression lequires a quantifier for which the variable involved has an infinite range. As an example of the rejection of the law of excluded middle, consider the proposition, "Either every even number greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers or else not every even number greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers." This proposition is intuitionistically unacceptable, because there are infinitely many even numbers greater than 2 and it is impossible to try them all one by one and decide of each whether or not it is the sum of two prime numbers. An intuitionist would accept the disjunction only after a proof had been given of one or other of the two disjoined propositions -- and in the present state of mathematical knowledge it is not certain that this can be done (it is not certain that the mathematical problem involved is solvable). If, however, we replace "greater than 2" by "greater than 2 and less than 1,000,000,000," the resulting disjunction becomes intuitionistically acceptable, since the number of numbers involved is then finite. The intuitionistic rejection of the law of excluded middle is not to be understood as an assertion of the negation of the law of excluded middle; on the contrary, Brouwer asserts the negation of the negation of the law of excluded middle, i.e., ∼∼[p ∨ ∼p]. Still less is the intuitionistic rejection of the law of excluded middle to be understood as the assertion of the existence of a third truth-value intermediate between truth and falsehood.

Relativity, theory of: A mathematical theory of space-time (q.v.), of profound epistemological as well as physical importance, comprising the special theory of relativity (Einstein, 1905) and the general theory of relativity (Einstein, 1914-16). The name arises from the fact that certain things which the classical theory regarded as absolute -- e.g. , the simultaneity of spatially distant events, the time elapsed between two events (unless coincident in space-time), the length of an extended solid body, the separation of four-dimensional space-time into a three-dimensional space and a one-dimensional time -- are regarded by the relativity theory as relative (q.v.) to the choice of a coordinate system in space-time, and thus relative to the observer. But on the other hand the relativity theory represents as absolute certain things which are relative in the classical theory -- e.g., the velocity of light in empty space. See Non-Euclidean geometry. -- A.C.

R. Harlev, George Boole, F.R.S., The British Quarterly Review, vol. 44 (1866). pp 141-181 Anon., George Boole, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, vol. 15 (1867). Obituary notices of fellows deceased, pp. vi-xi. P.E.B. Jourdain, George Boole, The Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 41 (1910), pp. 332-352.

rowen ::: n. --> A stubble field left unplowed till late in the autumn, that it may be cropped by cattle.
The second growth of grass in a season; aftermath.


R. Peter, a series of papers (in German) (in the Mathematische Annale, vol. 110 (1934), pp. 612-632; vol. 111 (1935), pp. 42-60; vol. 113 (1936), pp. 489-527. S. C. Kleene, General recursive functions of natural numbers, Mathematische Annalen, vol. 112 (1936), pp. 727- 742. S. C. Kleene, On notation for ordinal numbers, The Journal of Symbolic Logic, vol. 3 (1938), pp. 150-155.

Rule of inference: See logic, formal, §§ 1, 3, and logistic system. Russell, Bertrand A. W.: (1872-) Fellow Trinity College, Cambridge, 1895; lecturer in philosophy, University of Cambridge, 1910-1916. Author of: The Philosophy of Leibniz, 1900; The Principles of Mathematics, 1903; Principia Mathematica (in collaboration with A. N. Whitehead), 3 vols. 1910-13, (second edition, 1925-27); The Problems of Philosophy, 1912; Our Knowledge of the External World, 1914; Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, 1918; The Analysis of Mind, 1921; The Analysis of Matter, 1927; An Outline of Philosophy, 1928; An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth, 1940. Also numerous other works on philosophy, politics and education, outrageously attacked by reactionaries.

Russell's solution of the paradoxes is embodied in what is now known as the ramified theory of types, published by him in 1908, and afterwards made the basis of Principia Mathematica. Because of its complication, and because of the necessity for the much-disputed axiom of reducibility, this has now been largely abandoned in favor of other solutions.

scheme ::: n. --> A combination of things connected and adjusted by design; a system.
A plan or theory something to be done; a design; a project; as, to form a scheme.
Any lineal or mathematical diagram; an outline.
A representation of the aspects of the celestial bodies for any moment or at a given event.


Schlick, Moritz: (1882-1936) Taught at Rostock, Kiel, Vienna, also visit, prof.; Stanford, Berkeley. Founder of the Vienna Circle (see Scientific empiricism.) Called his own view "Consistent Empiricism." Main contributions: A logically revised correspondence view of the nature of truth. A systematic epistemology based on the distinction of (immediate) experience and (relational) knowledge. Clarified the analytic -- a priori character of logic and mathematics (by disclosing the "implicit definitions" in postulate systems). Repudiation of Kantian and phenomenological (synthetic) apriorism. Physicalistic, epistemological solution of the psycho-physical problem in terms of a double language theory. Earlier critical-realistic views were later modified and formulated as Empirical Realism. Greatly influenced in this final phase by Carnap and especially Wittgenstein, he considered the logical clarification of meanings the only legitimate task of a philosophy destined to terminate the strife of systems. Important special applications of this general outlook to logic and methodology of science (space, time, substance, causality, probability, organic life) and to problems of ethics (meaning of value judgments, hedonism, free-will, moral motivation). An optimistic, poetic view of the meaning of life is expressed in only partly published writings on a "Philosophy of Youth."

Schröder, (Friedrich Wilhelm Karl) Ernst, 1841-1902. German mathematician. Professor of mathematics at Karlsruhe, 1876-1902. His three-volume Algebra der Logik (1890-1895, with a posthumous second part of vol. 2 published in 1905) is an able compendium and systematization of the work of his predecessors. With contributions of his own, and may be regarded as giving in nearly all essentials the final form of the Nineteenth Century algebra of logic (q.v.), including the algebra of relatives (or relations). -- A.C.

Scotism: from the standpoints of number and influence, this was the next most important school of this period. Among the pupils of Duns Scotus, may be mentioned Anthony Andreas (+1320), Francis of Meyronnes (de Mayronis) (+1325) and John de Bassolis (+1347). Walter Burleigh (+1343) was a vigorous opponent of Nominalism; Thomas Bradwardine (+1349), a mathematician and philosopher whose determinism influenced John Wiclif (+1384), John Hus and the German reformers. In the XV cent., this school is represented by William of Vaurouillon (+1464), Nicholas of Orbelhs (+1455), John Anglicus, Thomas Bricot and the great Peter Tartaret (+1494).

Scotism: The philosophical and theological system named after John Duns Scotus (1266? -1308), Doctor Subtilis, a Franciscan student and later professor at Oxford and Paris and the most gifted of the opponents of the Thomist school. The name is almost synonymous with subtlety and the system generally is characterized by excessive criticism, due to Duns Scotus' predilection for mathematical studies -- the influence, perhaps, of his Franciscan predecessor, Roger Bacon, upon him. This spirit led Scotus to indiscriminate attack upon all his great predecessors in both Franciscan and Dominican Schools, especially St. Thomas, upon the ground of the inconclusiveness of their philosophical arguments. His own system is noted especially for its constant use of the so called Scotist or formal distinction which is considered to be on the one hand less than real, because it is not between thing and thing, and yet more than logical or virtual, because it actually exists between various thought objects or "formalities" in one and the sime individual prior to the action of the mind -- distinctio formalis actualis ex natuta rei. e g., the distinction between the essence and existence, between the animality and rationality in a man, between the principle of individuation in him and his matter and form, and between the divine attributes in God, are all formal distinctions. This undoubtedly leaves the system open to the charge of extreme realism and a tendency generally to consider the report of abstract thought with little regard for sense experience. Further by insisting also upon a formal unity of these formalities which exists apart from conception and is therefore apparently real, the system appears to lead logically to monism, e.g., the really distinct materiality in all material things is formally one apart from the abstracting and universalizing activity of the mind. By insisting that this formal unity is less than real unity, the Scotists claim to escape the charge.

sector ::: n. --> A part of a circle comprehended between two radii and the included arc.
A mathematical instrument, consisting of two rulers connected at one end by a joint, each arm marked with several scales, as of equal parts, chords, sines, tangents, etc., one scale of each kind on each arm, and all on lines radiating from the common center of motion. The sector is used for plotting, etc., to any scale.
An astronomical instrument, the limb of which embraces a


See Mathematics, and Non-Euclidean geometry. For a very brief outline of the foundations of plane Euclidean geometry, both from the synthetic and the analytic viewpoint, see the appendix to Eisenhart's book cited below. A more complete account is given bv Forder. -- A.C.

Sextus Empiricus: A physician who lived about 200 A.D. His writings contain numerous arguments of a sceptical empiricistic variety drawn from Pyrrho (q.v.) and directed against dogmatic claims to absolute truth, especially in the sciences and ethics. His Adversus Mathematicos (Against the Mathematicians) is an important source for the history of the sciences of astronomy, geometry, and grammar as well is of the Stoic theology of the period. -- M.F.

Signate: (In Schol.) Refers to the intention or direction of the agent; as distinguished from exercite, which refers to the effects of the work or the exercise. E.g., one who studies mathematics, signate intends to acquire the knowledge of truths concerning quantity, -- but exercite, or in the exercise itself of studying, renders the mind more able and apt for reasoning rightly. -- H.G.

sign ::: n. 1. An act or gesture used to convey an idea, a desire, information, or a command. 2. Any object, action, event, pattern, etc., that conveys a meaning. 3. A mark used to mean something; a symbol that sets something apart from others of its kind. 4. Something that indicates or acts as a token of a fact, condition, etc., that is not immediately or outwardly observable. 5. A signal. 6. A conventional figure or device that stands for a word, phrase, or operation; a symbol, as in mathematics or in musical notation. 7. A displayed structure such as a banner bearing lettering or symbols. 8. An act or significant event that is experienced as indication of divine intervention. 9. A portent of things to come. Sign, sign"s, signs, signless, sign-burdened, flame-signs. v. 10. To affix one"s signature to. 11. To indicate by or as if by a sign; betoken. signs, signed, signing.

Simple conversion of a proposition, A, E, I, or O, consists in interchanging S and P without other change. Thus the converse of S(x) ⊃x P(x) is P(x) ⊃x S(x), and the converse of S(x) ⊃x ∼P(x) is P(x) ⊃x ∼S(x). In mathematics the term converse is used primarily for the simple converse of a proposition A; loosely also for any one of a number of transformations similar to this (e.g., F(x)G(x) ⊃x H (x) may be said to have the converse F(x)H(x) ⊃x G(x)). Simple conversion of a proposition is a valid inference, in general, only in the case of E and I.

skill ::: n. --> Discrimination; judgment; propriety; reason; cause.
Knowledge; understanding.
The familiar knowledge of any art or science, united with readiness and dexterity in execution or performance, or in the application of the art or science to practical purposes; power to discern and execute; ability to perceive and perform; expertness; aptitude; as, the skill of a mathematician, physician, surgeon, mechanic, etc.


solution ::: n. --> The act of separating the parts of any body, or the condition of undergoing a separation of parts; disruption; breach.
The act of solving, or the state of being solved; the disentanglement of any intricate problem or difficult question; explanation; clearing up; -- used especially in mathematics, either of the process of solving an equation or problem, or the result of the process.
The state of being dissolved or disintegrated;


Space: In Aristotle, the container of all objects. In the Cambridge Platonists, the sensorium of God. In Kant: the a priori form of intuition of external phenomena. In modern math., name for certain abstract invariant gioups or set's. See Space-Time. -- P.P.W.

Space-perception: (Lat. spatium) The apprehension of the spatial properties and relations of the concrete objects of ordinary sense perception in contrast to the conceptual knowledge of the abstract spaces of physics and mathematics. Theories of space-perception are: a) nativistic, when they endow the mind with a primitive intuition of space which becomes qualitatively differentiated through sense experience; b) empirical, when they assume that perceptual space emerges fiom the correlation of the spatial features of the different senses. -- L.W.

Space-Time: The four-dimensional continuum including the three dimensions of space (length, width and height) and one of time; the unity of space and time. The concept was first suggested by H. Minkowski and immediately afterward incorporated by A. Einstein into his (special) theory of relativity. The former contended that nothing can exist or be conceived of as physical apart from space-time; for every object must have not only length, width and height, but also duration in time. As a result, a complete description and location of an object must be given in terms of four coordinates. Space-Time is mathematically grounded in world-points, or durationless geometrical points, as the foundation of all four-dimensional measurement; and in world-lines, or geometrical lines cutting across the four dimensions. An enduring geometrical point thus beconus a geometrical line (or possibly a curve) in space-time. Space-Time is physically conceived of as a general structure determined by the relationship among world-events, or four-dimensional events. The universe of four dimensions (the omniverse, as it may be called) includes space with all of its events and objects as well as time with its changes and motions. As such this four-dimensional universe must be changeless and motionless, insofar as things move and change only when taken in abstraction from time, or rather when space and time are regarded as separate.

spermathecae ::: pl. --> of Spermatheca

spermatheca ::: n. --> A small sac connected with the female reproductive organs of insects and many other invertebrates, serving to receive and retain the spermatozoa.

straight ::: a. --> A variant of Strait, a. ::: superl. --> Right, in a mathematical sense; passing from one point to another by the nearest course; direct; not deviating or crooked; as, a straight line or course; a straight piece of timber.
Approximately straight; not much curved; as,


T'ai yang: The Major Mode of Activity See T'ai Chi. T'ai yin: The Major Mode of Passivity. See T'ai Chi. Tai Tung-yuan: (Tai Chen, Tai Shen-hsiu, 1723-1777) carne from a poor family, self-made to be a leader in outstanding intellectual activities of the time, and became an authority in philology, mathematics, geography as well as philosophy. By reinteipreting the teachings of Mencius, he attempted to rediscover the original meanings of Confucius and Mencius. His Tai-shih I-shu (works) consists of 31 chuans in several volumes. -- W.T.C.

Telesio, Bernardino: (1508-1588) was one of the fathers of the scientific movement of the Renaissance. He was born at Cosenza, near Naples, studied philosophy and mathematics at Padua, and natural science at Rome. The Academia Telesiana, which he founded it Naples, stressed empirical methods and Telesio tried to explain all physical phenomena in terms of heat and cold, as expanding and contracting forces in matter. He wrote De Natuta rerum juxta propria principia (1570), ed. V Spampanato, 2 vol. (Modena-Genoa, 1911-13). -- V.J.B.

term ::: 1. A limited period of time. 2. A member or item of a mathematical expression; each of the things constituting a series; an element of any complex whole. 3. A boundary or extreme limit. 4. A word or expression used for some particular thing; a word or expression used for some particular thing. terms.

Term: In common English usage the word "term"' is syntactical or semantical in character, and means simply a word (or phrase), or a word associated with its meaning. The phrase "undefined term" as used in mathematical postulate theory (see mathematics) is perhips best referred to this common meaning of "term " In traditional logic, a term is a concept appearing as subject or predicate (q.v.). of a categorical proposition; also, a word or phrase denoting such a concept. The word "term" has also been employed in a syntactical sense in various special developments of logistic systems (q.v.), usually in a way suggested by the traditional usage.

Thales: 6th Cent. B.C., of the Milesian School of Greek Philosophy, is said to have predicted the eclipse of 585; had probably been to Egypt and was proficient in mathematics and physics. Thales, along with the other cosmological thinkers of the Ionian school, presupposed a single elementary cosmic matter at the base of the transformations of nature and declared this to be water. -- M.F.

That paradoxes of this kind could be relevant to mathematics first became clear in connection with the paradox of the greatest ordinal number, published by Burali-Forti in 1897, and the paradox of the greatest cardinal number, published by Russell in 1903. The first of these had been discovered by Cantor in 1895, and communicated to Hilbert in 1896, and both are mentioned in Cantor's correspondence with Dedekind of 1899, but were never published by Cantor.

The addition to the functional calculus of first order of individual constants (denoting particular individuals) is not often made -- unless symbols for functions from individuals to individuals (so-called "mathematical" or "descriptive" functions) are to be added at the same time. Such an addition is, however, employed in the two following sections as a means of representing certain forms of inference of traditional logic. The addition is really non-essential, and requires only minor changes in the definition of a formula and the list of primitive formulas (allowing the alternative of individual constants at certain places where the above given formulation calls for free individual variables).

The assertion sign was adopted by Russell, and by Whitehead and Russell in Principia Mathematica, in approximately Frege's sense of 1879, and it is from this source that it has come into general use. Some recent writers omit the assertion sign, either as understood, or on the ground that the Frege-Russell distinction between asserted and unasserted propositions is illusory. Others use the assertion sign in a syntactical sense, to express that a formula is a theorem of a logistic system (q.v.); this usage differs from that of Frege and Russell in that the latter requires the assertion sign to be followed by a formula denoting a proposition, or a truth value, while the former requires it to be followed by the syntactical name of such a formula.

The case of infinitely many truth-values was first considered by Lukasiewicz. -- A.C. J. Lukasiewicz, O logice trojwartosciowej, Ruch Fifozoficzny, vol. 5 (1920), pp. 169-171. E. L. Post, Introduction to a general theory of elementary propositions, American Journal of Mathematics, vol. 43 (1921), pp. 163-185. Lukasiewicz and Tarski, Untersuchungen über den Aussagenkalkül, Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe des Sciences et des Lettres de Varsovie, Classe III, vol. 23 (1930), pp. 30-50. J. Lukasiewicz, Philosophische Bemerkungen zu mehrwertigen Systemen des Aussagenkalküls, ibid , pp 51-77. Lewis and Langford, Symbolic Logic, New York and London, 1932. Propositional function is a function (q.v.) for which the range of the dependent variable is composed of propositions (q.v.) A monadic propositional function is thus in substance a property (of things belonging to the range of the independent variable), and a dyadic propositional function a relation. If F denotes a propositional function and X1, X2, . . . , Xn denote arguments, the notation F(X1, X2, . . . , Xn) -- or [F](X1, X2, . . . , Xn) -- is used for the resulting proposition, which is said to be the value of the propositional function for the given arguments, and to be obtained from the propositional function by applying it to, or predicating it of the given arguments.

The doctrine that the concepts of mathematics are empirical and the postulates elementary experimental truths has been held in various forms (either for all mathematics, or specially for geometry) by J. S. Mill, H. Helmholtz, M. Pasch, and others. However, the usual contemporary view, especially among mathematicians, is that the propositions of mathematics say nothing about empirical reality. Even in the case of applied geometry, it is held, the geometry is used to organize physical measurement, but does not receive an interpretation under which its propositions become unqualifiedly experimental or empirical in character; a particular system of geometry, applied in a particular way, may be wrong (and demonstrably wrong by experiment), but there is not, in significant cases, a unique geometry which, when applied in the particular way, is right.

The mathematical use of the word "term" appears in such phrases ts "the terms of a sum" (i.e., the separate numbers which are added to form the sum, or the expressions for them), "the terms of a polynomial," "the terms of a proportion," "the terms of an infinite series," etc. Similarly one may speak of "the terms of a logical sum," and the like. -- A.C.

The Method of Statistics. The basic principle of statistical method is that of simplification, which makes possible a concise and comprehensive knowledge of a mass of isolated facts by correlating them along definite lines. The various stages of this method are:   precise definition of the problem or field of inquiry;   collection of material required by the problem;   tabulation and measurement of material in a manner satisfying the purpose of the problem;   clear presentation of the significant features of tabulated material (by means of charts, diagrams, symbols, graphs, equations and the like),   selection of mathematical methods for application to the material obtained;   necessary conclusion from the facts and figures obtained;   general interpretation within the limits of the problem and the procedure used. The special methods of treating statistical data are: collecting, sampling, selecting, tabulating, classifying, totaling or aggregating, measuring, averaging, relating and correlating, presenting symbolically. Each one of these methods uses specialized experimental or mathematical means in its actual application. The special methods of interpreting statistical data already treated are: analyzing, estimiting, describing, comparing, explaining, applying and predicting. In order to be conclusive, the various stages and types of the statistical method must avoid   loose definitions,   cross divisions resulting ftom conflicting interpretations of the problem,   data which are not simultaneous or subject to similar conditions,   conclusions from poor oi incomplete data,   prejudices in judging, even when there is no conuption of evidence. The philosophy of statistics is concerned in general with the discussion and evaluation of the mathematical principles, methods and results of this science; and in particular with a critical analysis of the fitness of biological, psychological, educational, economic and sociological materials, for various types of statistical treatment. The purpose of such an inquiry is to integrate its results into the general problems and schemes of philosophy proper. Cf.. Richard von Mises, Statistics, Probability, and Truth.

The Platonic theory of education is based on a drawing out (educatio) of what is already dimly known to the learner. (Meno, Repub. II-VII, Theaetetus, Laws.) The training of the philosopher-ruler, outlined in the Republic, requires the selection of the most promising children in their infancy and a rigorous disciplining of them in gymnastic, music (in the Greek sense of literary studies), mathematics and dialectic (the study of the Ideas). This training was to continue until the students were about thirty-five years of age; then fifteen years of practical apprenticeship in the subordinate offices of the state were required; finally, at the age of fifty, the rulers were advised to return to the study of philosophy. It should be noted that this program is intended only for an intellectual elite; the military class was to undergo a shorter period of training suited to its functions, and the masses of people, engaged in production, trading, and like pursuits, were not offered any special educational schedule.

The question of whether the operations must be specified or merely conceivable for the proposition to have meaning (which is analogous to the constructibility problem in mathematical discussions) has occasioned considerable criticism, for there appeared to be a danger that important scientific propositions might be excluded as meaningless. To this and other problems of operationalism the logical positivists (or empiricists) have contributed formulary modifications and refinements. See Logical Empiricism. In spite of their frequent difference with regard to the empirical foundation of logic and mathematics, pragmatism has received some support from the strict logicians and mathematical philosophers. One of the most important instances historically was C. I. Lewis' paper "The Pragmatic Element in Knowledge" (University of California Publications in Philosophy, 1926). Here he stated 'that the truth of experience must always be relative to our chosen conceptual systems", and that our choice between conceptual systems "will be determined consciously or not, on pragmatic grounds".

There is also another sense in which it has been held that mathematics is reducible to logic, namely that in the expressions for the postulates of a mathematical discipline the undefined terms are to be given definitions which involve logical terms only, in such a way that postulates and theorems of the discipline thereby become propositions of pure logic, demonstrable on the basis of logical principles only. This view was first taken, as regards arithmetic and analysis, by Frege, and was afterwards adopted by Russell, who extended it to all mathematics.

The term continuity is also employed in mathematics in connection with functions of various kinds. We shall state the definition for the case of a monadic function f for which the range of the independent variable and the range of the dependent variable both consist of real numbers (see the article Function).

"The universe is not merely a mathematical formula for working out the relation of certain mental abstractions called numbers and principles to arrive in the end at a zero or a void unit, neither is it merely a physical operation embodying a certain equation of forces. It is the delight of a Self-lover, the play of a Child, the endless self-multiplication of a Poet intoxicated with the rapture of His own power of endless creation.” The Supramental Manifestation

“The universe is not merely a mathematical formula for working out the relation of certain mental abstractions called numbers and principles to arrive in the end at a zero or a void unit, neither is it merely a physical operation embodying a certain equation of forces. It is the delight of a Self-lover, the play of a Child, the endless self-multiplication of a Poet intoxicated with the rapture of His own power of endless creation.” The Supramental Manifestation

The universe is not merely a mathematical formula for working out the relation of certain mental abstractions called numbers and principles to arrive in the end at a zero or a void unit, neither is it merely a physical operation embodying certain equations of forces. It is the delight of a Self-lover, the play of a Child, the endless self-multiplication of a Poet intoxicated with the rapture of His own power of endless creation.
   Ref: CWSA Vol. 13, Page: 201


The Zermelo set theory has an adequacy to the logical development of mathematics comparable to that of the functional calculus of order omega (§ 6). Indeed, as here actually formulated, its adequacy for mathematics apparently exceeds that of the functional calculus; however, this should not be taken as an essential difference, since both systems are incomplete, in accordance with Gödel'a theorem (§ 6), but are capable of extension.

This definition would make logical syntax coincide with Hilbertian proof theory (q.v.), and in fact the adjectives syntactical, metalogical, metamathematical are used nearly interchangeably. Carnap, however, introduces many topics not considered by Hilbert, and further treats not only the syntax of particular languages but also general syntax, i.e., syntax relating to all languages in general or to all languages of a given kind.

Three senses of "Ockhamism" may be distinguished: Logical, indicating usage of the terminology and technique of logical analysis developed by Ockham in his Summa totius logicae; in particular, use of the concept of supposition (suppositio) in the significative analysis of terms. Epistemological, indicating the thesis that universality is attributable only to terms and propositions, and not to things as existing apart from discourse. Theological, indicating the thesis that no tneological doctrines, such as those of God's existence or of the immortality of the soul, are evident or demonstrable philosophically, so that religious doctrine rests solely on faith, without metaphysical or scientific support. It is in this sense that Luther is often called an Ockhamist.   Bibliography:   B. Geyer,   Ueberwegs Grundriss d. Gesch. d. Phil., Bd. II (11th ed., Berlin 1928), pp. 571-612 and 781-786; N. Abbagnano,   Guglielmo di Ockham (Lanciano, Italy, 1931); E. A. Moody,   The Logic of William of Ockham (N. Y. & London, 1935); F. Ehrle,   Peter von Candia (Muenster, 1925); G. Ritter,   Studien zur Spaetscholastik, I-II (Heidelberg, 1921-1922).     --E.A.M. Om, aum: (Skr.) Mystic, holy syllable as a symbol for the indefinable Absolute. See Aksara, Vac, Sabda. --K.F.L. Omniscience: In philosophy and theology it means the complete and perfect knowledge of God, of Himself and of all other beings, past, present, and future, or merely possible, as well as all their activities, real or possible, including the future free actions of human beings. --J.J.R. One: Philosophically, not a number but equivalent to unit, unity, individuality, in contradistinction from multiplicity and the mani-foldness of sensory experience. In metaphysics, the Supreme Idea (Plato), the absolute first principle (Neo-platonism), the universe (Parmenides), Being as such and divine in nature (Plotinus), God (Nicolaus Cusanus), the soul (Lotze). Religious philosophy and mysticism, beginning with Indian philosophy (s.v.), has favored the designation of the One for the metaphysical world-ground, the ultimate icility, the world-soul, the principle of the world conceived as reason, nous, or more personally. The One may be conceived as an independent whole or as a sum, as analytic or synthetic, as principle or ontologically. Except by mysticism, it is rarely declared a fact of sensory experience, while its transcendent or transcendental, abstract nature is stressed, e.g., in epistemology where the "I" or self is considered the unitary background of personal experience, the identity of self-consciousness, or the unity of consciousness in the synthesis of the manifoldness of ideas (Kant). --K.F.L. One-one: A relation R is one-many if for every y in the converse domain there is a unique x such that xRy. A relation R is many-one if for every x in the domain there is a unique y such that xRy. (See the article relation.) A relation is one-one, or one-to-one, if it is at the same time one-many and many-one. A one-one relation is said to be, or to determine, a one-to-one correspondence between its domain and its converse domain. --A.C. On-handedness: (Ger. Vorhandenheit) Things exist in the mode of thereness, lying- passively in a neutral space. A "deficient" form of a more basic relationship, termed at-handedness (Zuhandenheit). (Heidegger.) --H.H. Ontological argument: Name by which later authors, especially Kant, designate the alleged proof for God's existence devised by Anselm of Canterbury. Under the name of God, so the argument runs, everyone understands that greater than which nothing can be thought. Since anything being the greatest and lacking existence is less then the greatest having also existence, the former is not really the greater. The greatest, therefore, has to exist. Anselm has been reproached, already by his contemporary Gaunilo, for unduly passing from the field of logical to the field of ontological or existential reasoning. This criticism has been repeated by many authors, among them Aquinas. The argument has, however, been used, if in a somewhat modified form, by Duns Scotus, Descartes, and Leibniz. --R.A. Ontological Object: (Gr. onta, existing things + logos, science) The real or existing object of an act of knowledge as distinguished from the epistemological object. See Epistemological Object. --L.W. Ontologism: (Gr. on, being) In contrast to psychologism, is called any speculative system which starts philosophizing by positing absolute being, or deriving the existence of entities independently of experience merely on the basis of their being thought, or assuming that we have immediate and certain knowledge of the ground of being or God. Generally speaking any rationalistic, a priori metaphysical doctrine, specifically the philosophies of Rosmini-Serbati and Vincenzo Gioberti. As a philosophic method censored by skeptics and criticists alike, as a scholastic doctrine formerly strongly supported, revived in Italy and Belgium in the 19th century, but no longer countenanced. --K.F.L. Ontology: (Gr. on, being + logos, logic) The theory of being qua being. For Aristotle, the First Philosophy, the science of the essence of things. Introduced as a term into philosophy by Wolff. The science of fundamental principles, the doctrine of the categories. Ultimate philosophy; rational cosmology. Syn. with metaphysics. See Cosmology, First Principles, Metaphysics, Theology. --J.K.F. Operation: "(Lit. operari, to work) Any act, mental or physical, constituting a phase of the reflective process, and performed with a view to acquiring1 knowledge or information about a certain subject-nntter. --A.C.B.   In logic, see Operationism.   In philosophy of science, see Pragmatism, Scientific Empiricism. Operationism: The doctrine that the meaning of a concept is given by a set of operations.   1. The operational meaning of a term (word or symbol) is given by a semantical rule relating the term to some concrete process, object or event, or to a class of such processes, objectj or events.   2. Sentences formed by combining operationally defined terms into propositions are operationally meaningful when the assertions are testable by means of performable operations. Thus, under operational rules, terms have semantical significance, propositions have empirical significance.   Operationism makes explicit the distinction between formal (q.v.) and empirical sentences. Formal propositions are signs arranged according to syntactical rules but lacking operational reference. Such propositions, common in mathematics, logic and syntax, derive their sanction from convention, whereas an empirical proposition is acceptable (1) when its structure obeys syntactical rules and (2) when there exists a concrete procedure (a set of operations) for determining its truth or falsity (cf. Verification). Propositions purporting to be empirical are sometimes amenable to no operational test because they contain terms obeying no definite semantical rules. These sentences are sometimes called pseudo-propositions and are said to be operationally meaningless. They may, however, be 'meaningful" in other ways, e.g. emotionally or aesthetically (cf. Meaning).   Unlike a formal statement, the "truth" of an empirical sentence is never absolute and its operational confirmation serves only to increase the degree of its validity. Similarly, the semantical rule comprising the operational definition of a term has never absolute precision. Ordinarily a term denotes a class of operations and the precision of its definition depends upon how definite are the rules governing inclusion in the class.   The difference between Operationism and Logical Positivism (q.v.) is one of emphasis. Operationism's stress of empirical matters derives from the fact that it was first employed to purge physics of such concepts as absolute space and absolute time, when the theory of relativity had forced upon physicists the view that space and time are most profitably defined in terms of the operations by which they are measured. Although different methods of measuring length at first give rise to different concepts of length, wherever the equivalence of certain of these measures can be established by other operations, the concepts may legitimately be combined.   In psychology the operational criterion of meaningfulness is commonly associated with a behavioristic point of view. See Behaviorism. Since only those propositions which are testable by public and repeatable operations are admissible in science, the definition of such concepti as mind and sensation must rest upon observable aspects of the organism or its behavior. Operational psychology deals with experience only as it is indicated by the operation of differential behavior, including verbal report. Discriminations, or the concrete differential reactions of organisms to internal or external environmental states, are by some authors regarded as the most basic of all operations.   For a discussion of the role of operational definition in phvsics. see P. W. Bridgman, The Logic of Modern Physics, (New York, 1928) and The Nature of Physical Theory (Princeton, 1936). "The extension of operationism to psychology is discussed by C. C. Pratt in The Logic of Modem Psychology (New York. 1939.)   For a discussion and annotated bibliography relating to Operationism and Logical Positivism, see S. S. Stevens, Psychology and the Science of Science, Psychol. Bull., 36, 1939, 221-263. --S.S.S. Ophelimity: Noun derived from the Greek, ophelimos useful, employed by Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923) in economics as the equivalent of utility, or the capacity to provide satisfaction. --J.J.R. Opinion: (Lat. opinio, from opinor, to think) An hypothesis or proposition entertained on rational grounds but concerning which doubt can reasonably exist. A belief. See Hypothesis, Certainty, Knowledge. --J.K.F- Opposition: (Lat. oppositus, pp. of oppono, to oppose) Positive actual contradiction. One of Aristotle's Post-predicaments. In logic any contrariety or contradiction, illustrated by the "Square of Opposition". Syn. with: conflict. See Logic, formal, § 4. --J.K.F. Optimism: (Lat. optimus, the best) The view inspired by wishful thinking, success, faith, or philosophic reflection, that the world as it exists is not so bad or even the best possible, life is good, and man's destiny is bright. Philosophically most persuasively propounded by Leibniz in his Theodicee, according to which God in his wisdom would have created a better world had he known or willed such a one to exist. Not even he could remove moral wrong and evil unless he destroyed the power of self-determination and hence the basis of morality. All systems of ethics that recognize a supreme good (Plato and many idealists), subscribe to the doctrines of progressivism (Turgot, Herder, Comte, and others), regard evil as a fragmentary view (Josiah Royce et al.) or illusory, or believe in indemnification (Henry David Thoreau) or melioration (Emerson), are inclined optimistically. Practically all theologies advocating a plan of creation and salvation, are optimistic though they make the good or the better dependent on moral effort, right thinking, or belief, promising it in a future existence. Metaphysical speculation is optimistic if it provides for perfection, evolution to something higher, more valuable, or makes room for harmonies or a teleology. See Pessimism. --K.F.L. Order: A class is said to be partially ordered by a dyadic relation R if it coincides with the field of R, and R is transitive and reflexive, and xRy and yRx never both hold when x and y are different. If in addition R is connected, the class is said to be ordered (or simply ordered) by R, and R is called an ordering relation.   Whitehcid and Russell apply the term serial relation to relations which are transitive, irreflexive, and connected (and, in consequence, also asymmetric). However, the use of serial relations in this sense, instead ordering relations as just defined, is awkward in connection with the notion of order for unit classes.   Examples: The relation not greater than among leal numbers is an ordering relation. The relation less than among real numbers is a serial relation. The real numbers are simply ordered by the former relation. In the algebra of classes (logic formal, § 7), the classes are partially ordered by the relation of class inclusion.   For explanation of the terminology used in making the above definitions, see the articles connexity, reflexivity, relation, symmetry, transitivity. --A.C. Order type: See relation-number. Ordinal number: A class b is well-ordered by a dyadic relation R if it is ordered by R (see order) and, for every class a such that a ⊂ b, there is a member x of a, such that xRy holds for every member y of a; and R is then called a well-ordering relation. The ordinal number of a class b well-ordered by a relation R, or of a well-ordering relation R, is defined to be the relation-number (q. v.) of R.   The ordinal numbers of finite classes (well-ordered by appropriate relations) are called finite ordinal numbers. These are 0, 1, 2, ... (to be distinguished, of course, from the finite cardinal numbers 0, 1, 2, . . .).   The first non-finite (transfinite or infinite) ordinal number is the ordinal number of the class of finite ordinal numbers, well-ordered in their natural order, 0, 1, 2, . . .; it is usually denoted by the small Greek letter omega. --A.C.   G. Cantor, Contributions to the Founding of the Theory of Transfinite Numbers, translated and with an introduction by P. E. B. Jourdain, Chicago and London, 1915. (new ed. 1941); Whitehead and Russell, Princtpia Mathematica. vol. 3. Orexis: (Gr. orexis) Striving; desire; the conative aspect of mind, as distinguished from the cognitive and emotional (Aristotle). --G.R.M.. Organicism: A theory of biology that life consists in the organization or dynamic system of the organism. Opposed to mechanism and vitalism. --J.K.F. Organism: An individual animal or plant, biologically interpreted. A. N. Whitehead uses the term to include also physical bodies and to signify anything material spreading through space and enduring in time. --R.B.W. Organismic Psychology: (Lat. organum, from Gr. organon, an instrument) A system of theoretical psychology which construes the structure of the mind in organic rather than atomistic terms. See Gestalt Psychology; Psychological Atomism. --L.W. Organization: (Lat. organum, from Gr. organon, work) A structured whole. The systematic unity of parts in a purposive whole. A dynamic system. Order in something actual. --J.K.F. Organon: (Gr. organon) The title traditionally given to the body of Aristotle's logical treatises. The designation appears to have originated among the Peripatetics after Aristotle's time, and expresses their view that logic is not a part of philosophy (as the Stoics maintained) but rather the instrument (organon) of philosophical inquiry. See Aristotelianism. --G.R.M.   In Kant. A system of principles by which pure knowledge may be acquired and established.   Cf. Fr. Bacon's Novum Organum. --O.F.K. Oriental Philosophy: A general designation used loosely to cover philosophic tradition exclusive of that grown on Greek soil and including the beginnings of philosophical speculation in Egypt, Arabia, Iran, India, and China, the elaborate systems of India, Greater India, China, and Japan, and sometimes also the religion-bound thought of all these countries with that of the complex cultures of Asia Minor, extending far into antiquity. Oriental philosophy, though by no means presenting a homogeneous picture, nevertheless shares one characteristic, i.e., the practical outlook on life (ethics linked with metaphysics) and the absence of clear-cut distinctions between pure speculation and religious motivation, and on lower levels between folklore, folk-etymology, practical wisdom, pre-scientiiic speculation, even magic, and flashes of philosophic insight. Bonds with Western, particularly Greek philosophy have no doubt existed even in ancient times. Mutual influences have often been conjectured on the basis of striking similarities, but their scientific establishment is often difficult or even impossible. Comparative philosophy (see especially the work of Masson-Oursel) provides a useful method. Yet a thorough treatment of Oriental Philosophy is possible only when the many languages in which it is deposited have been more thoroughly studied, the psychological and historical elements involved in the various cultures better investigated, and translations of the relevant documents prepared not merely from a philological point of view or out of missionary zeal, but by competent philosophers who also have some linguistic training. Much has been accomplished in this direction in Indian and Chinese Philosophy (q.v.). A great deal remains to be done however before a definitive history of Oriental Philosophy may be written. See also Arabian, and Persian Philosophy. --K.F.L. Origen: (185-254) The principal founder of Christian theology who tried to enrich the ecclesiastic thought of his day by reconciling it with the treasures of Greek philosophy. Cf. Migne PL. --R.B.W. Ormazd: (New Persian) Same as Ahura Mazdah (q.v.), the good principle in Zoroastrianism, and opposed to Ahriman (q.v.). --K.F.L. Orphic Literature: The mystic writings, extant only in fragments, of a Greek religious-philosophical movement of the 6th century B.C., allegedly started by the mythical Orpheus. In their mysteries, in which mythology and rational thinking mingled, the Orphics concerned themselves with cosmogony, theogony, man's original creation and his destiny after death which they sought to influence to the better by pure living and austerity. They taught a symbolism in which, e.g., the relationship of the One to the many was clearly enunciated, and believed in the soul as involved in reincarnation. Pythagoras, Empedocles, and Plato were influenced by them. --K.F.L. Ortega y Gasset, Jose: Born in Madrid, May 9, 1883. At present in Buenos Aires, Argentine. Son of Ortega y Munillo, the famous Spanish journalist. Studied at the College of Jesuits in Miraflores and at the Central University of Madrid. In the latter he presented his Doctor's dissertation, El Milenario, in 1904, thereby obtaining his Ph.D. degree. After studies in Leipzig, Berlin, Marburg, under the special influence of Hermann Cohen, the great exponent of Kant, who taught him the love for the scientific method and awoke in him the interest in educational philosophy, Ortega came to Spain where, after the death of Nicolas Salmeron, he occupied the professorship of metaphysics at the Central University of Madrid. The following may be considered the most important works of Ortega y Gasset:     Meditaciones del Quijote, 1914;   El Espectador, I-VIII, 1916-1935;   El Tema de Nuestro Tiempo, 1921;   España Invertebrada, 1922;   Kant, 1924;   La Deshumanizacion del Arte, 1925;   Espiritu de la Letra, 1927;   La Rebelion de las Masas, 1929;   Goethe desde Adentio, 1934;   Estudios sobre el Amor, 1939;   Ensimismamiento y Alteracion, 1939;   El Libro de las Misiones, 1940;   Ideas y Creencias, 1940;     and others.   Although brought up in the Marburg school of thought, Ortega is not exactly a neo-Kantian. At the basis of his Weltanschauung one finds a denial of the fundamental presuppositions which characterized European Rationalism. It is life and not thought which is primary. Things have a sense and a value which must be affirmed independently. Things, however, are to be conceived as the totality of situations which constitute the circumstances of a man's life. Hence, Ortega's first philosophical principle: "I am myself plus my circumstances". Life as a problem, however, is but one of the poles of his formula. Reason is the other. The two together function, not by dialectical opposition, but by necessary coexistence. Life, according to Ortega, does not consist in being, but rather, in coming to be, and as such it is of the nature of direction, program building, purpose to be achieved, value to be realized. In this sense the future as a time dimension acquires new dignity, and even the present and the past become articulate and meaning-full only in relation to the future. Even History demands a new point of departure and becomes militant with new visions. --J.A.F. Orthodoxy: Beliefs which are declared by a group to be true and normative. Heresy is a departure from and relative to a given orthodoxy. --V.S. Orthos Logos: See Right Reason. Ostensible Object: (Lat. ostendere, to show) The object envisaged by cognitive act irrespective of its actual existence. See Epistemological Object. --L.W. Ostensive: (Lat. ostendere, to show) Property of a concept or predicate by virtue of which it refers to and is clarified by reference to its instances. --A.C.B. Ostwald, Wilhelm: (1853-1932) German chemist. Winner of the Nobel prize for chemistry in 1909. In Die Uberwindung des wissenschaftlichen Materialistmus and in Naturphilosophie, his two best known works in the field of philosophy, he advocates a dynamic theory in opposition to materialism and mechanism. All properties of matter, and the psychic as well, are special forms of energy. --L.E.D. Oupnekhat: Anquetil Duperron's Latin translation of the Persian translation of 50 Upanishads (q.v.), a work praised by Schopenhauer as giving him complete consolation. --K.F.L. Outness: A term employed by Berkeley to express the experience of externality, that is the ideas of space and things placed at a distance. Hume used it in the sense of distance Hamilton understood it as the state of being outside of consciousness in a really existing world of material things. --J.J.R. Overindividual: Term used by H. Münsterberg to translate the German überindividuell. The term is applied to any cognitive or value object which transcends the individual subject. --L.W. P

Th. Skolem, Sur la portee du theoreme de Löwenheim-Skolem, Les Entretiens de Zurich sur les Fondements et la Methode des Sciences Mathematiques, Zurich 1941, pp. 25-52. Lucretius, Carus: (98-54 B.C.) Noted Roman poet, author of the famous didactic poem De Natura Rerum, in six books, which forms an interesting exposition of the philosophy of Epicureanism. -- M..F.

Thus in ordinary numerical algebra and in real number theory, the symbols x, y, z are variables, while 0, 1, 3, -- 1/2, π, e are constants. In such mathematical contexts the term constant is often restricted to unambiguous (non-variable) names of numbeis. But such symbols as +, =, < may also be called constants, as denoting particular functions and relations.

T'ime: The general medium in which all events take place in succession or appear to take place in succession. All specific and finite periods of time, whether past, present or future, constitute merely parts of the entire and single Time. Common-sense interprets Time vaguely as something moving toward the future or as something in which events point in that direction. But the many contradictions contained in this notion have led philosophers to postulate doctrines purporting to eliminate some of the difficulties implied in common-sense ideas. The first famous but unresolved controversy arose in Ancient Greece, between Parmenides, who maintained that change and becoming were irrational illusions, and Heraclitus, who asserted that there was no permanence and that change characterized everything without exception. Another great controversy arose centuries later between disciples of Newton and Leibniz. According to Newton, time was independent of, and prior to, events; in his own words, "absolute time, and mathematical time, of itself, and from its own nature, flows equably without regard to anything external." According to Leibniz, on the other hand, there can be no time independent of events: for time is formed by events and relations among them, and constitutes the universal order of succession. It was this latter doctrine which eventually gave rise to the doctrine of space-time, in which both space and time are regarded as two systems of relations, distinct from a perceptual standpoint, but inseparably bound together in reality. All these controversies led many thinkers to believe that the concept of time cannot be fully accounted for, unless we distinguish between perceptual, or subjective, time, which is confined to the perceptually shifting 'now' of the present, and conceptual, or objective, time, which includes til periods of time and in which the events we call past, present and future can be mutually and fixedly related. See Becoming, Change, Duration, Persistence, Space-Time. -- R.B.W.

T. L. Heath, A History of Greek Mathematics, 2 vols., Oxford, 1921.

T. L Heath, A History of Greek Mathematics, vol. I (1921).

T. L. Heath, The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements, translated from the text of Heiberg, with introduction and commentary, 3 vols., Cambridge, England, 1908. Gerbert of Aurillac: (Pope Sylvester II, died 1003) Was one of the greatest scholars of the 10th century. He studied at Aurillac with Odo of Cluny, learned something of Arabian science during three years spent in Spain. He taught at the school of Rheims, became Abbot of Bobbio (982), Archbishop of Rheims (991), Archbishop of Ravenna (998), Pope in 999. A master of the seven liberal aits, he excelled in his knowledge of the quadrivium, i.e. logic, math., astron. and music. His works, the most important of which are on mathematics, are printed in PL 139, 57-338. -- V.J.B.

torricellian ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to Torricelli, an Italian philosopher and mathematician, who, in 1643, discovered that the rise of a liquid in a tube, as in the barometer, is due to atmospheric pressure. See Barometer.

Transfinite induction: A generalization of the method of proof by mathematical induction or recursion (see recursion, proof by), applicable to a well-ordered class of arbitrary ordinal number -- especially one of ordinal number greater than omega (see ordinal number) -- in a way similar to that in which mathematical induction is applicable to a well-ordered class of ordinal number omega. -- A.C.

trigonometry ::: n. --> That branch of mathematics which treats of the relations of the sides and angles of triangles, which the methods of deducing from certain given parts other required parts, and also of the general relations which exist between the trigonometrical functions of arcs or angles.
A treatise in this science.


trinitarian ::: a. --> Of or pertaining to the Trinity, the doctrine of the Trinity, or believers in that doctrine. ::: n. --> One who believes in the doctrine of the Trinity.
One of a monastic order founded in Rome in 1198 by St. John of Matha, and an old French hermit, Felix of Valois, for the


Two aspects of Russell's work are likely to remain of permanent importance, his major part in the twentieth century renaissance of logic, his reiterated attempts to identify the methods of philosophy with those of the sciences. (1) While the primary objective of Principia was to prove that pure mathematics could be derived from logic, the success of this undertaking (as to which hardly any dissenting opinion persists) is overshadowed by the importance of the techniques perfected in the course of its prosecution. Without disrespect to other pioneers in the field, it is sufficient to point out that a knowledge of the symbolic logic of Russell and Whitehead is still a necessary prerequisite for understanding contemporary studies in logic, in the foundations of mathematics, and tht philosophy of science.

vagina ::: n. --> A sheath; a theca; as, the vagina of the portal vein.
Specifically, the canal which leads from the uterus to the external orifice if the genital canal, or to the cloaca.
The terminal part of the oviduct in insects and various other invertebrates. See Illust., of Spermatheca.
The basal expansion of certain leaves, which inwraps the stem; a sheath.
The shaft of a terminus, from which the bust of figure


Variable: A letter occurring in a mathematical or logistic formula and serving, not as a name of a particular, but as an ambiguous name of ¦any one of a class of things -- this class being known as the range of the variable, and the members of the class as values of the variable.

VII. Probability as a Physical Magnitude determined by Axioms.. This theory, which is favoured mainly by the Intuitionist school of mathematics, considers probability as a physical constant of which frequencies are measures. Thus, any frequency is an approximate measure of one physical constant attached to an event and to a set of trials: this constant is the probability of that event over the set of trials. As the observed frequencies differ little for large numbers of trials from their corresponding probabilities, some obvious properties of frequencies may be extended to probabilities. This is done without proceeding to the limit, but through general approximation as in the case of physical magnitudes. These properties are not constructed (as in the axiomatization of Mises), but simply described as such, they form a set of axioms defining probability. The classical postulates involved in the treatises of Laplace, Bertrand or Poincare have been modified in this case, under the joint influence of the discovery of measure by Borei, and of the use of abstract sets. Their new form has been fully stated by Kolmogoroff and interpreted by Frechet who proposes to call this latest theory the 'modernized axiomatic definition' of probability. Its interpretation requires that it should be preceded by an inductive synthesis, and followed by numerical verifications.

Vrndavana (Vrindavan, Brindavan, Brindaban) ::: [the place on earth (near Mathura) where Krsna danced with the gopis]; the vaisnava heaven of eternal Beauty and Bliss.

W. Ackermann, Zur Widerspruchsfreiheitt der Zahlentheorie, Mathematische Annalen, vol. 117 (1940), pp 162-194. Propensity: (Lat. propensio, from propendere, to hang forth) A term used to designate a mental appetite or desire. See Appetition. Hume applied the term to the tendency of the mind to pass from one to the other of two associated ideas. -- L.W.

W. Dubislav, Bolzano als Vorlaufer der mathematischen Logik, Philosophisches Jahrbuch der Gorres-Gesellschaft, vol 44 (1931), pp. 448-456. H. Scholz, Die Wissenschaftslehre Bolzanos, Abhandlungen der Frieds'schen Schule , n. s. vol. 6 (1937), pp 399-472.

"We see that the Absolute, the Self, the Divine, the Spirit, the Being is One; the Transcendental is one, the Cosmic is one: but we see also that beings are many and each has a self, a spirit, a like yet different nature. And since the spirit and essence of things is one, we are obliged to admit that all these many must be that One, and it follows that the One is or has become many; but how can the limited or relative be the Absolute and how can man or beast or bird be the Divine Being? But in erecting this apparent contradiction the mind makes a double error. It is thinking in the terms of the mathematical finite unit which is sole in limitation, the one which is less than two and can become two only by division and fragmentation or by addition and multiplication; but this is an infinite Oneness, it is the essential and infinite Oneness which can contain the hundred and the thousand and the million and billion and trillion. Whatever astronomic or more than astronomic figures you heap and multiply, they cannot overpass or exceed that Oneness; for, in the language of the Upanishad, it moves not, yet is always far in front when you would pursue and seize it. It can be said of it that it would not be the infinite Oneness if it were not capable of an infinite multiplicity; but that does not mean that the One is plural or can be limited or described as the sum of the Many: on the contrary, it can be the infinite Many because it exceeds all limitation or description by multiplicity and exceeds at the same time all limitation by finite conceptual oneness.” The Life Divine

“We see that the Absolute, the Self, the Divine, the Spirit, the Being is One; the Transcendental is one, the Cosmic is one: but we see also that beings are many and each has a self, a spirit, a like yet different nature. And since the spirit and essence of things is one, we are obliged to admit that all these many must be that One, and it follows that the One is or has become many; but how can the limited or relative be the Absolute and how can man or beast or bird be the Divine Being? But in erecting this apparent contradiction the mind makes a double error. It is thinking in the terms of the mathematical finite unit which is sole in limitation, the one which is less than two and can become two only by division and fragmentation or by addition and multiplication; but this is an infinite Oneness, it is the essential and infinite Oneness which can contain the hundred and the thousand and the million and billion and trillion. Whatever astronomic or more than astronomic figures you heap and multiply, they cannot overpass or exceed that Oneness; for, in the language of the Upanishad, it moves not, yet is always far in front when you would pursue and seize it. It can be said of it that it would not be the infinite Oneness if it were not capable of an infinite multiplicity; but that does not mean that the One is plural or can be limited or described as the sum of the Many: on the contrary, it can be the infinite Many because it exceeds all limitation or description by multiplicity and exceeds at the same time all limitation by finite conceptual oneness.” The Life Divine

Whitehead, Alfred North: British philosopher. Born in 1861. Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1911-14. Lecturer in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics at University College, London, 1914-24. Professor of Applied Mathematics at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London. From 1924 until retirement in 1938, Professor of Philosophy at Harvard University. Among his most important philosophical works are the Principia Mathematica, 3 vols. (1910-13) (with Bertrand Russell; An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Natural Knowledge (1919); The Concept of Nature (1920); Science and the Modern World (1926); Religion tn the Making (1926); Symbolism (1928); Process and Reality (1929); and Adventures of Ideas (1933). The principle of relativity in physics is the key to the understanding of metaphysics. Whitehead opposes the current philosophy of static substance having qualities which he holds to be based on the simply located material bodies of Newtonian physics and the "pure sensations" of Hume. This 17th century philosophy depends upon a "bifurcation of nature" into two unequal systems of reality on the Cartesian model of mind and matter. The high abstractions of science must not be mistaken for concrete realities. Instead, Whitehead argues that there is only one reality, what appears, whatever is given in perception, is real. There is nothing existing beyond what is present in the experience of subjects, understanding by subject any actual entity. There are neither static concepts nor substances in the world; only a network of events. All such events are actual extensions or spatio-temporal unities. The philosophy of organism, as Whitehead terms his work, is based upon the patterned process of events. All things or events are sensitive to the existence of all others; the relations between them consisting in a kind of feeling. Every actual entity is then a "prehensive occasion", that is, it consists of all those active relations with other things into which it enters. An actual entity is further determined by "negative prehension", the exclusion of all that which it is not. Thus every feeling is a positive prehension, every abstraction a negative one. Every actual entity is lost as an individual when it perishes, but is preserved through its relations with other entities in the framework of the world. Also, whatever has happened must remain an absolute fact. In this sense, past events have achieved "objective immortality". Except for this, the actual entities are involved in flux, into which there is the ingression of eternal objects from the realm of possibilities. The eternal objects are universals whose selection is necessary to the actual entities. Thus the actual world is a certain selection of eternal objects. God is the principles of concretion which determines the selection. "Creativity" is the primal cause whereby possibilities are selected in the advance of actuality toward novelty. This movement is termed the consequent nature of God. The pure possibility of the eternal objects themsehes is termed his primordial nature. -- J.K.F.

Whitehead and Russell, Princibia Mathematica. 2nd edn., vol. 1. Cambridge. England, 1925.

Whitehead and Russell, Principia Mathematica, 2nd edn , vol 1, Cambridge, England, 1925.

Whitehead and Russell, Principia Mathematica, 3 vols., Cambridge England, 1st edn. 1910-13, 2nd edn. 1925-27.

Whitehead and Russell (Principia Mathematica) give the name law of absorption to theorem of the propositional calculus, [p ⊃ q] ≡ [p ≡ pq].

Whitehead and Russell, Principia Mathematica, vol. 1.

Whitehead and Russell, Principia Mathematica, vol. 2.

Whitehead and Russell use the term propositional function in approximately the sense above described, but qualify it by holding, as a corollary of Russell's doctrine of descriptions (q.v.), that propositional functions are the fundamental kind from which other kinds of functions are derived -- in fact that non-propositional ("descriptive") functions do not exist except as incomplete symbols. For details of their view, which underwent some changes between publication of the first and the second edition of Principia Mathematica, the reader is referred to that work.

Wilhelm Ackermann, Mengentheorettsche Begründung der Logik, Mathematische Annalen, vol. 115 (1937), pp. 1 -22.

Wolff. Christian: (1679-1754) A most outstanding philosopher of the German Enlightenment, and exponent of an all pervasive rationalism, who was professor of mathematics at Halle. He was a dry and superficial systematic popularizer of dogmatic philosophy whose laws have for him a purely logical and rational foundation. -- H.H.

W. V. Quine, Mathematical Logic, New York, 1940. In psychology: the mental operation by which we proceed from individuals to concepts of classes, from individual dogs to the notion of "the dog." We abstract features common to several individuals, grouping them thus together under one name.

W. V. Quine, Mathematical Logic, New York, 1940. Logic, symbolic, or mathematical logic, or logistic, is the name given to the treatment of formal logic by means of a formalized logical language or calculus whose purpose is to avoid the ambiguities and logical inadequacy of ordinary language. It is best characterized, not as a separate subject, but as a new and powerful method in formal logic. Foreshadowed by ideas of Leibniz, J. H. Lambert, and others, it had its substantial historical beginning in the Nineteenth Century algebra of logic (q. v.), and received its contemporary form at the hands of Frege, Peano, Russell, Hilbert, and others. Advantages of the symbolic method are greater exactness of formulation, and power to deal with formally more complex material. See also logistic system. -- A. C.

W. V. Quine, Mathematical Logic, New York, 1940.

Zermelo, Ernst (Friedrich Ferdinand), 1871-, German mathematician. Professor of mathematics at Zurich, 1910-1916, and at Freiburg, 1926-. His important contributions to the foundations of mathematics are the Zermelo axiomatic set theory (see logic, formal, § 9), and the explicit enunciation of the axiom of choice (q.v.) and proof of its equivalence to the proposition that every class cm be well-ordered. -- A.C.

Zetetic: (Gr. zeteo, to seek) A procedure by inquiry. A search (in mathematics) after unknown quantities. A seeker. -- V.F.



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NEW FULL DB (2.4M)

   78 Richard Matheson
   74 Mathias Malzieu
   72 Matthew Mather
   58 R L Mathewson
   20 Taran Matharu
   18 Albert Einstein
   15 G H Hardy
   13 Lauren Groff
   12 Cotton Mather
   12 Bertrand Russell
   12 Anonymous
   11 Johnny Mathis
   11 Harry Mathews
   10 Jennifer Mathieu
   9 Tim Matheson
   9 Galileo Galilei
   9 Francine Mathews
   8 Richard P Feynman
   8 Henri Poincare
   7 Paul Halmos

*** WISDOM TROVE ***

1:Lottery: A tax on people who are bad at math. ~ ambrose-bierce, @wisdomtrove
2:I'm an expert in higher level math. You + God = Enough ~ zig-ziglar, @wisdomtrove
3:Spirit Math: The quality of your life equals the ratio of appreciation to complaint. ~ alan-cohen, @wisdomtrove
4:Just because you can read, write and do a little math, doesn't mean that you're entitled to conquer the universe. ~ kurt-vonnegut, @wisdomtrove
5:Just because some of us can read and write and do a little math, that doesn't mean we deserve to conquer the universe. ~ kurt-vonnegut, @wisdomtrove
6:Your faith is very important. I have done the math, and you are going to be dead a whole lot longer that you will be alive. ~ zig-ziglar, @wisdomtrove
7:What do I like about math? , When I've got figures in front of me, it relaxes me. Kind of like, everything fits where it belongs. ~ haruki-murakami, @wisdomtrove
8:See how the Ganga flows by and what a nice building! I like this place. This is the ideal kind of place for a Math. (in Belur, West Bengal). ~ swami-vivekananda, @wisdomtrove
9:Christians remind me of schoolboys who want to look up the answers to their math problems in the back of the book rather than work them through. ~ soren-kierkegaard, @wisdomtrove
10:People love to admit they have bad handwriting or that they can't do math. And they will readily admit to being awkward: &
11:If your parents are billionaires, that might actually be an obstacle to your own happiness and self-development. If you go to Oxford or Harvard, that might actually thwart your desire to graduate with a science or math degree. ~ malcolm-gladwell, @wisdomtrove
12:If you've got a dollar and you spend 29 cents on a loaf of bread, you've got 71 cents left; But if you've got seventeen grand and you spend 29 cents on a loaf of bread, you've still got seventeen grand. There's a math lesson for you. ~ steve-martin, @wisdomtrove
13:I'm always interested in understanding the math of things and understanding as much as I can about all aspects of business. And what I learn today may be useful to me two years from now. That's really the wonderful thing about investments is your knowledge is cumulative. ~ warren-buffet, @wisdomtrove
14:I think there are dozens or hundreds of different forms of creativity. Pondering science and math problems for years is different from improvising jazz. Something which seems to me remarkable is how unconscious the creative process is. You encounter a problem, but can't solve it. ~ oliver-sacks, @wisdomtrove
15:Take a random group of 8-year-old American and Japanese kids, give them all a really, really hard math problem, and start a stopwatch. The American kids will give up after 30, 40 seconds. If you let the test run for 15 minutes, the Japanese kids will not have given up. You have to take it away. ~ malcolm-gladwell, @wisdomtrove
16:With the Holy Mother as the centre of inspiration, a Math is to be established on the eastern bank of the Ganga. . . . On the other side of the Ganga a big plot of land will be acquired, where unmarried girls or Brahmacharini widows will live; devout married women will also be allowed to stay now and then. Men will have no concern with this Math. ~ swami-vivekananda, @wisdomtrove
17:If the Lord wills, we shall make this Math a great centre of harmony. Our Lord is the visible embodiment of the harmony of all ideals. He will be established on earth if we keep alive that spirit of harmony here. We must see to it that people of all creeds and sects, from the Brahmana down to the Chandala, may come here and find their respective ideals manifested. ~ swami-vivekananda, @wisdomtrove
18:Superstar lawyers and math whizzes and software entrepreneurs appear at first blush to lie outside ordinary experience. But they don't. They are products of history and community, of opportunity and legacy. Their success is not exceptional or mysterious. It is grounded in a web of advantages and inheritances, some deserved, some not, some earned, some just plain lucky&
19:Math is like water. It has a lot of difficult theories, of course, but its basic logic is very simple. Just as water flows from high to low over the shortest possible distance, figures can only flow in one direction. You just have to keep your eye on them for the route to reveal itself. That’s all it takes. You don’t have to do a thing. Just concentrate your attention and keep your eyes open, and the figures make everything clear to you. In this whole, wide world, the only thing that treats me so kindly is math. ~ haruki-murakami, @wisdomtrove
20:No matter how clear things might become in the forest of story, there was never a clear-cut solution, as there was in math. The role of a story was, in the broadest terms, to transpose a problem into another form. Depending on the nature and the direction of the problem, a solution might be suggested in the narrative. Tengo would return to the real world with that solution in hand. It was like a piece of paper bearing the indecipherable text of a magic spell. It served no immediate practical purpose, but it contained a possibility. ~ haruki-murakami, @wisdomtrove

*** NEWFULLDB 2.4M ***

1:Fun math is an oxymoron. ~ Kiera Cass,
2:I just am not good at math. ~ Phil McGraw,
3:Baseball is like live math. ~ Alyson Richman,
4:Math is easy; design is hard. ~ Jeffrey Veen,
5:Amazon began with a math error.) ~ Brad Stone,
6:You know math isn’t my thing. ~ Carolyn J Rose,
7:I am better at math than spelling. ~ Spike Jonze,
8:The universe is math on fire. ~ Scott Westerfeld,
9:I can, you know, do math and stuff. ~ J K Rowling,
10:Math doesn't lie. Our emotions do. ~ Claudia Gray,
11:i hate math, but i love counting money ~ Anonymous,
12:The math is stark: cut the ~ Christopher McDougall,
13:Math - it's not my best subject. ~ Heather O Rourke,
14:Poetry isn't math was our battle cry ~ Gayle Forman,
15:I was just kind of doing the math. ~ Clayton Kershaw,
16:This is not class warfare. It’s math. ~ Barack Obama,
17:Math is the language of the universe. ~ Lucas Grabeel,
18:Math has never made any sense to me. ~ Stephen Chbosky,
19:Math is one of my favorite subjects. ~ Macaulay Culkin,
20:Forget math and peotry. Especially poetry. ~ C J Redwine,
21:Also, librarians aren’t that good at math. ~ Annie Spence,
22:I just love math and most people don't. ~ Danica McKellar,
23:On A Beautiful Mind, there was a wall of math. ~ Josh Lucas,
24:My success rate is 100 percent. Do the math. ~ Charlie Sheen,
25:There's math, and everything else is debatable! ~ Chris Rock,
26:If Math was a woman, we'd be married already. ~ Mark Gonzales,
27:In the end, climate change is a math problem. ~ Bill McKibben,
28:Math-i-tude Mom- and Dad-i-tude Mad-i-tude A ~ Megan McDonald,
29:Where there is no math, there is no freedom. ~ Edward Frenkel,
30:In the blue time, math kicked ass.
-Dess ~ Scott Westerfeld,
31:Lottery: A tax on people who are bad at math. ~ Ambrose Bierce,
32:Yes, I was really good in physics and in math. ~ Eva Herzigova,
33:I am an Engineer. I don't do Math, I tweak it. ~ Ibrahim Ibrahim,
34:You know, I loved math. My mom was a math teacher. ~ Joan Cusack,
35:I like Math because there's only one right answer. ~ Brendan Fehr,
36:It is hard for westerners to realize that math ~ Daniel L Everett,
37:Math is sometimes called the science of patterns. ~ Ronald Graham,
38:Murder math?’ Yeah, doing murder math in your head. ~ Elliott Kay,
39:Math, it's a puzzle to me. I love figuring out puzzles. ~ Maya Lin,
40:Mom was a math teacher, but reading was her great love ~ John Green,
41:Building Oracle is like doing math puzzles as a kid. ~ Larry Ellison,
42:In math you always check your work. In medicine, no. ~ Michael Lewis,
43:Too much math and science isn't nourishing to the soul. ~ Brodi Ashton,
44:You can fuck your math teacher but you can't fuck math. ~ Scott Sigler,
45:I was particularly good at math and science. ~ William Standish Knowles,
46:I could never have been an accountant. I got a D in math. ~ Rob Marshall,
47:I'm not a math problem." "But I'll still solve you." Neil ~ Nora Sakavic,
48:Just for a screen. ~ Robert Burns, Epistle to Rev. John M'Math, Stanza 8,
49:100% of the people who give 110% do not understand math. ~ Demetri Martin,
50:It was like trying to solve a math equation with a poem. ~ Mara Purnhagen,
51:lottery was just a tax on people who weren’t good at math. ~ Cindi Madsen,
52:... where there's one there's ten.'
That's crazy math. ~ Emma Donoghue,
53:Behavior is math: Truth is found in the sum of its parts. ~ Steve Maraboli,
54:I can't do that," Harry said. "I don't have the math for it. ~ John Scalzi,
55:Math and science were my favorite subjects besides theater. ~ Jason Earles,
56:One sample is poor statistics, my math prof used to say. ~ Arthur C Clarke,
57:No wonder Sherlock Holmes did all that coke. Math is hard. ~ Richard Kadrey,
58:Math?” “Yeah, math. Aren’t all you Asians really good at math? ~ Rick Yancey,
59:And then Satan said, ‘Put the alphabet in math…’ -Coffee Cup ~ Lani Lynn Vale,
60:Math is a product of human minds but not bendable to human will ~ Ian Stewart,
61:I always like a good math solution to any love problem. ~ Michael Patrick King,
62:And the Satan said, 'Put the alphabet in math...' - coffee cup ~ Lani Lynn Vale,
63:I did math in school, obviously. And I loved all my math teachers. ~ Jayma Mays,
64:I joke around all the time, 'I'm Asian; I'm really good at math.' ~ Brenda Song,
65:Come on, let's go see if Aires taught you pool like he did math. ~ Katie McGarry,
66:I really wanted to be veterinarian, but I got a 410 on my math SATs. ~ Meg Cabot,
67:I've always liked all the sciences like math, physics and biology ~ Sigrid Agren,
68:...the lottery was just a tax on people who weren't good at math. ~ Cindi Madsen,
69:Whatever your problems in math are, I assure mine are greater. ~ Albert Einstein,
70:The math is stark: cut the fat, and cut your cancer risk. ~ Christopher McDougall,
71:It is impossible to do math and be frightened at the same time. ~ Randy Wayne White,
72:The math could multiply the horseshit, but it could not decipher it. ~ Cathy O Neil,
73:Trust me, there is no formula for most things that are not math. ~ Daniel Pinkwater,
74:All the math you need in the stock market you get in the fourth grade. ~ Peter Lynch,
75:Calculus was not math. It was a fucking science experiment gone wrong. ~ Abbi Glines,
76:Math is the only place where truth and beauty mean the same thing. ~ Danica McKellar,
77:The careful untangling of a legal issue. Like math, but with words. ~ Liane Moriarty,
78:We cheated on our math tests, we carved some dirty words on the desk. ~ Alice Cooper,
79:I always thought the lottery was a tax on people with poor math skills, ~ Shay Savage,
80:If I wanted to be a doctor today I'd go to math school not med school. ~ Vinod Khosla,
81:No one should be that good at math, even if they are a fiend from Hell. ~ Vivian Shaw,
82:That's the inescapable math of tragedy and the multiplication of grief ~ Ben Sherwood,
83:If you do the math, films featuring women are a good investment. ~ Geoffrey S Fletcher,
84:Math is like going to the gym for your brain. It sharpens your mind. ~ Danica McKellar,
85:we use math not because we’re smart, but because we aren’t smart enough. ~ Jean Tirole,
86:Are we going to do any thinking today, or is it going to be all math? ~ Philip J Hanlon,
87:If you stop at general math, you're only going to make general math money. ~ Snoop Dogg,
88:I picked the college I attended partly because it had no math requirement. ~ John Green,
89:My freshman year of high school I joined the chess and math clubs. ~ Eric Allin Cornell,
90:Somehow life had become a story problem, and William was horrible at math. ~ Jamie Ford,
91:This is bigger than math! You can’t just swap one of us out for another! ~ Claudia Gray,
92:To not know math is a severe limitation to understanding the world. ~ Richard P Feynman,
93:For future reference: do not underestimate the seductive power of math. ~ Rachel Hartman,
94:He stared back like I was an advanced math problem he couldn't interpret. ~ Mia Sheridan,
95:Do the math: You never settle for less than the whole if you knew the half. ~ Talib Kweli,
96:I see screenwriting as a bit like a math equation which I have to solve. ~ Asghar Farhadi,
97:Do the math. Expect catastrophes. Whatever happens, stay the course. ~ William J Bernstein,
98:I did grow up with a really big interest in math and science; I liked it. ~ Linda M Godwin,
99:I'm no quitter, unless it comes to human relationships or math and science. ~ Dov Davidoff,
100:Math and reading are my only weaknesses - other than that, Im perfect. ~ Judah Friedlander,
101:When every other facet of my life was a mess, music stayed true as math. ~ Jennifer Echols,
102:I don't have the time. It would take me too long to go through all of the math. ~ Paul Ryan,
103:MATH...The only place where people can buy 64 watermelons, and nobody wonders why ~ Unknown,
104:Everyone called it Burger Math because all you learned was how to make change. ~ Kami Garcia,
105:I enjoyed like nothing else working in pure math, discovering new formulas. ~ Jerry McNerney,
106:Only Numbers. Pure math. You have to accustom yourself to thinking that way. ~ Anthony Doerr,
107:I love math. I have little secret number tattoos everywhere. I design them. ~ Pauley Perrette,
108:In this whole, wide world, the only thing that treats me so kindly is math. ~ Haruki Murakami,
109:I was a B student in math, simply because my teachers liked me, as an actor. ~ Morgan Freeman,
110:Look, I'm over 40, I'm single, and I work in musical theater - you do the math! ~ Nathan Lane,
111:Without a plane, what was I supposed to do? Math the problem to death? ~ Mary Robinette Kowal,
112:I study the people in the class, in a somewhat dreamy math-soundtracked daze. ~ David Levithan,
113:I was dyslexic, so math and formulas were not necessarily my strong suit. ~ James Van Der Beek,
114:LOTTERY TICKET: a voluntary tax paid by people who are extremely bad at math. ~ Roy H Williams,
115:I like to crack the jokes now and again, but it's only because I struggle with math. ~ Tina Fey,
116:I'm real good with math, with numbers, like my dad was. I'm pretty much dialed in. ~ Hulk Hogan,
117:Simple math and common sense are all you need to do well financially. There ~ Robert T Kiyosaki,
118:I didn't major in math. I majored in miracles, and I still believe in them, too. ~ Mike Huckabee,
119:In school, my favorite subject was math. That's where I learned to count money. ~ French Montana,
120:I spent 10 years working on a math Ph.D., and I finally got kind of good at it. ~ Jerry McNerney,
121:I was always reading books when I should have been doing math and the rest of it. ~ Markus Zusak,
122:Math test tomorrow.
Check.
Complete lack of preparation for test.
Check. ~ Rick Riordan,
123:The world of math is more weird and wonderful than some people want to tell you. ~ Eugenia Cheng,
124:I BET I CAN guess your favorite math subject in high school. It was geometry. ~ Steven H Strogatz,
125:You can count the dead, but you can't count the cost. We've got no math for Heaven. ~ Colum McCann,
126:At Harvard I majored in chemistry with a strong inclination toward math. ~ William Standish Knowles,
127:Cooking and gardening involve so many disciplines: math, chemistry, reading, history. ~ David Chang,
128:‎"[Those] on fixed incomes are the nation's math elite." from pg.88 of Atomic Lobster. ~ Tim Dorsey,
129:I had higher math SATs than in English - yet I became an English major in college. ~ Christie Hefner,
130:In the financial sector, those whom the gods want to destroy they first teach math. ~ Niall Ferguson,
131:I perform my job ten times a day. Seven days a week. For nine years. You do the math. ~ Anne Tibbets,
132:The math of time is simple: you have less than you think and need more than you know. ~ Kevin Ashton,
133:What was she supposed to do with all the Xes? Whoever put letters in math was crazy. ~ Kimberly Loth,
134:You can count the dead, but you can't count the cost. We've got no math for Heaven... ~ Colum McCann,
135:Al-Qaeda's resurgence brings out the worst in the Bush Administration's math and logic. ~ Jon Stewart,
136:I could have gone to medical school, I said. Except for all the math and stuff. ~ MaryJanice Davidson,
137:I hereby demand that all people who are good at math make the world free of illness. ~ Daniel Handler,
138:It is not a morality, but simple math. Among themselves, doves fight as often as hawks. ~ Delia Owens,
139:It is written nowhere in the math of probability theory that one may have no fun. ~ Eliezer Yudkowsky,
140:THE GODEL SOLUTION TO THE EINSTEIN FIELDEQUATIONS: http://www.math.nyu.edu/ ~ momin/stuff/grpaper.pdf,
141:None of the boys were studying for the math test we had today, because none of them cared. ~ Alan Gratz,
142:There was harmony in proportions, Leonardo learned, and math was nature’s brushstroke. ~ Walter Isaacson,
143:Dear Math, please grow up and solve your own problems. I'm tired of solving them for you. ~ Margaret Mead,
144:I’ve wondered if I could take my computer programming skills and apply them to learning math. ~ Anonymous,
145:My kids used to love math. Now it makes them cry. Thanks standardized testing and common core! ~ Louis C K,
146:We can't just throw something out there and assume it works just because it has math in it. ~ Cathy O Neil,
147:Gods of math and physics," she intoned, "I accept your gift of this clever, fair-haired boy. ~ Laini Taylor,
148:I got into writing and thinking about politics because I was told there would be no math. ~ Jeff Greenfield,
149:I was a normal human being, but I did like that. I read a lot. I also liked math and science. ~ Jamie Dimon,
150:Justice is like math, anyone can think she knows the answer, but not every answer is right. ~ Max Gladstone,
151:Music has more rules than math or magic and it's twice as dangers as both or either. ~ Catherynne M Valente,
152:Once you hit 40, you start reexamining the math of it all. I'll trade wisdom for youth any day. ~ Brad Pitt,
153:He perfectly fits the profile of a Hut 8 man, who need not know anything except pure math. ~ Neal Stephenson,
154:Let's make math fun and sexy and glamorous. Smart is sexy, that's one of my main messages. ~ Danica McKellar,
155:If the math works, why then you should be sure of yourself. That’s the whole point of math. ~ Neal Stephenson,
156:Music has more rules than math or magic and it's twice as dangerous as both or either. ~ Catherynne M Valente,
157:Sex is like math: Add the bed, subtract the clothes, divide the legs, and hope you don’t mult— ~ Alex Sanchez,
158:You didn't miss anything in math," he says, and I recognize a Kent McFuller babble coming on. ~ Lauren Oliver,
159:being a math genius doesn’t necessarily translate to financial gain. Lots of geniuses die poor. ~ Lisa Gardner,
160:I knew comedy was the thing for me when I was the only Asian kid in high school... who failed math. ~ Dat Phan,
161:Only in math can you buy sixty cantaloupes and no one asks what the hell is wrong with you. ~ Charles M Schulz,
162:#2—10% of people will find a way to take anything personally. Expect it and treat it as math. ~ Timothy Ferriss,
163:Brian and I were both science students. You know science sort of math and physics side, you know. ~ John Deacon,
164:He had always considered magic to be like math; it was a skill Alex and only Alex had inherited. ~ Chris Colfer,
165:Here then - the after math of meaning. A liftime finished between the space of two frames. ~ Mark Z Danielewski,
166:… I just figured it would be easier to do the math problem with the numbers in the correct colors. ~ Wendy Mass,
167:Math. Are you able to turn off your mind to the world and fill it with symbols that follow rules? ~ Ned Vizzini,
168:Math has a lot of negative stereotypes, but it can actually be fun and incredibly empowering. ~ Danica McKellar,
169:Republicans and Democrats can barely do what they're supposed to do, and they sure can't do math! ~ Lewis Black,
170:The physics principles behind the three-body problem28 are very simple. It’s mainly a math problem. ~ Liu Cixin,
171:Those who do not know history are probably also not doing well in English or math. P.J. O'Rourke ~ P J O Rourke,
172:I dislike math, yet I respect and appreciate the fact that math is the language of the universe. ~ Lucas Grabeel,
173:Our eyes met in the math class. How were we to know that trigonometry would lead to matrimony? ~ Sophie Kinsella,
174:Teacher: "Why are you on the floor?" Johnny: "Because you said to do this math problem without tables! ~ Various,
175:6 people + 6 months + 3 cameramen + 1 reality show = infinite drama. I've done the math." - Rose ~ Krista Ritchie,
176:During my McGill years, I took a number of math courses, more than other students in chemistry. ~ Rudolph A Marcus,
177:he came into the store to threaten you with math and philosophy. The motherfucker’s going down. ~ Jonathan L Howard,
178:The world was precarious, Lotto had learned. People could be subtracted from it with swift bad math. ~ Lauren Groff,
179:He couldn’t see how you could scare the shit out of somebody with math, but it seemed you could. ~ Jonathan L Howard,
180:In WMDs, many poisonous assumptions are camouflaged by math and go largely untested and unquestioned. ~ Cathy O Neil,
181:*** Teacher: "Why are you on the floor?" Johnny: "Because you said to do this math problem without tables! ~ Various,
182:We teach reading, writing and math by [having students do] them. But we teach democracy by lecture. ~ Shelley Berman,
183:grief does not decline in a straight line or along a slow curve like a graph in a child’s math book. ~ Helen Simonson,
184:Kids praised for effort complete 50 percent more hard math problems than kids praised for intelligence. ~ John Medina,
185:They are four words I want you to keep in mind when critic’s math gets loud. He wrote, “We will miss you. ~ Jon Acuff,
186:Treat sins that your children struggle with like basic math. Practice, Practice, and you'll get it. ~ Rachel Jankovic,
187:English teacher: Sam, form a sentence using the word aftermath. Sam: 'I always feel sleepy after math class. ~ Various,
188:The math was irrefutable: The one winning strategy was concealment. Only fools revealed their birthdays. ~ Peter Watts,
189:Although Math can't teach us how to add love or minus hate, it teaches us that every problem has a solution ~ Anonymous,
190:I loved math. I was such a nerd! I really enjoyed working through problems and finding the solution. ~ AnnaLynne McCord,
191:Who cares for Algebra?Who delights in solving math?I only want to live my lifeAlong the creative path. ~ Jennifer Niven,
192:I don't know how it works, the science and math of it all, but I know that love given is courage gained. ~ Annie F Downs,
193:I send my kids to school not only to learn how to read and write and do math, but also to develop socially. ~ Megyn Kelly,
194:I was always good at math and science, and I never realized that that was unusual or somehow undesirable. ~ Marissa Mayer,
195:The steps to solving a problem, from elementary math to breaking out of a police station, remained the same. ~ V E Schwab,
196:English teacher: Sam, form a sentence using the word aftermath.
Sam: 'I always feel sleepy after math class. ~ Various,
197:I liked math - that was my favorite subject - and I was very interested in astronomy and in physical science. ~ Sally Ride,
198:Later in the fifties I got involved in kinetic studies using my long forgotten math background. ~ William Standish Knowles,
199:The schools I went to as a kid made me wary. It was clear to me that everything was a lie except math. ~ Suzan Shown Harjo,
200:You have this weird look on your face," he said. "Like you're doing really complicated math in your head. ~ Rachel Hawkins,
201:English teacher: Sam, form a sentence using the word aftermath. Sam: 'I always feel sleepy after math class.' *** ~ Various,
202:I never got a pass mark in math ... Just imagine - mathematicians now use my prints to illustrate their books. ~ M C Escher,
203:Numbers never lie, after all: they simply tell different stories depending on the math of the tellers. ~ Luis Alberto Urrea,
204:Math proficiency is the gateway to a number of incredible careers that students may never have considered. ~ Danica McKellar,
205:The last thing they want to hear is that math is really about raw creativity and aesthetic sensitivity. Many ~ Paul Lockhart,
206:Everyone has the brainpower to follow the stock market. If you made it through fifth-grade math, you can do it. ~ Peter Lynch,
207:My older brother was cool, so I was suddenly cool by association. And I totally dusted all my old math friends. ~ David Spade,
208:Numbers, letters, lines ... math. That's worse than fish.
No notes. No explanation, just math scribbles. ~ Nadine Brandes,
209:One of the nice things about math and science is it’s obvious, you get the answer or you don’t get the answer. ~ Lisa Randall,
210:We can either save the planet from catastrophic warming, or protect fossil fuel CEOs. Not both. Do the math(s) ~ Bill McKibben,
211:When I was in school I liked math because all the problems had answers. Everything else seemed very subjective. ~ Lisa Randall,
212:can’t take the test,” I said. “I don’t know any math.” “You’ve got money,” Tyler said. “Buy books and learn it. ~ Tara Westover,
213:Unfortunately I have never been good in math. Numbers simply do not interest me or seem as real to me as words. ~ Peter Cameron,
214:A French portion is half of an American portion, and a French meal takes twice as long to eat. You do the math. ~ Elizabeth Bard,
215:never forget that underneath all the math and the MBA bullshit talk, we are all still emotionally driven human ~ Timothy Ferriss,
216:The Mozart Effect comes to mind: the popular idea that listening to classical music makes students better at math. ~ John Medina,
217:Then I would explain, it was no use trying to learn math unless they could communicate it with other people.”4 ~ Walter Isaacson,
218:When reading math, it is important to know where in math you are—what region of this vast subject you are exploring. ~ Anonymous,
219:Just because you can read, write and do a little math, doesn't mean that you're entitled to conquer the universe. ~ Kurt Vonnegut,
220:I was engaged in all the required courses of math and geometry, but the area that I blossomed in was the art program. ~ Paul Smith,
221:Someone has remarked that 'An ideal math talk should have one proof and one joke and they should not be the same'. ~ Ronald Graham,
222:We have 2,500 students and an 8,000-seat basketball arena. You do the math on how important basketball is in Aberdeen. ~ Don Meyer,
223:Women, girls and young ladies tend to be as good or better at math than boys, but you didn't think that either. ~ Sallie Krawcheck,
224:I never did very well in math-I could never seem to persuade the teacher that I hadn't meant my answers literally. ~ Calvin Trillin,
225:I quickly tried to do the math but my brain was a jumbled mess and I couldn’t remember what number comes after potato! ~ Tara Sivec,
226:Marianne, how’s your statistics?” “Math is my worst subject.” “But you can program?” “Of course. I’m not illiterate. ~ Joe Haldeman,
227:Math can explain the reason there's one out of four chance that I'd have blue eyes. But it doesn't explain why me. ~ Heidi W Durrow,
228:their writing.  Park, D. et al., “The Role of Expressive Writing in Math Anxiety,’’ Journal of Experimental Psychology: ~ Anonymous,
229:Who cares for Algebra?
Who delights in solving math?
I only want to live my life
Along the creative path. ~ Jennifer Niven,
230:Why do you have such a crappy attitude about math?"
"I don't. I have a crappy attitude about everything. ~ Laurie Halse Anderson,
231:Dreams are what guide us, art is what defines us, math is what makes it all possible, and love is what lights our way. ~ Mike Norton,
232:If you’re having trouble with a math problem, plug the equation into WolframAlpha.com and it will solve it for you. ~ Keith Bradford,
233:I'm not lazy. I'm just really gifted, only instead of being good at music or math I'm good at sleeping late. ~ Elizabeth Jane Howard,
234:When I was growing up, I always knew I'd be in the top of my class in math, and that gave me a lot of self-confidence. ~ Sergey Brin,
235:I hate math. It's hard, it's stupid, and it's nature's way of separating spinsters from women who end up breeding. ~ Douglas Coupland,
236:I went off to college planning to major in math or philosophy-- of course, both those ideas are really the same idea. ~ Frank Wilczek,
237:What is debt anyway? A debt is just the perversion of a promise. It is a promise corrupted by both math and violence. ~ David Graeber,
238:By 12th grade, the average black or Hispanic is reading and doing math at the level of the average white 8th-grader. 38 ~ Jared Taylor,
239:Just because some of us can read and write and do a little math, that doesn't mean we deserve to conquer the Universe. ~ Kurt Vonnegut,
240:Math is the language of the universe. So the more equations you know, the more you can converse with the cosmos. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
241:My character, Taylor McKessie, is a little bit brighter in the math and science department than I am... okay, a lot. ~ Monique Coleman,
242:...now Eli was my new neighbor. Which was fine with me because I sucked at Math. Math and I were not on speaking terms. ~ Shelly Crane,
243:Reading parenting books—and all self-help books, as far as I’m concerned—is the equivalent of learning math from a dog. ~ Wendy Walker,
244:Success is math; not magic. It is the sum of a behavioral equation… not the spontaneous fruition of wishful thinking. ~ Steve Maraboli,
245:If a child is poor in math but good at tennis, most people would hire a math tutor. I would rather hire a tennis coach. ~ Deepak Chopra,
246:Students coming from father-present families score higher in math and science even when they come from weaker schools. ~ Warren Farrell,
247:I’d chosen my profession because it meant I could move anywhere; no matter the city, science and math teachers were needed. ~ Penny Reid,
248:In Montana, a math teacher is running for the Senate. Win or lose, she plans on demanding a recount because math is fun. ~ Conan O Brien,
249:Math is really about the human mind, about how people can think effectively, and why curiosity is quite a good guide. ~ William Thurston,
250:My mother was an economics professor. I'm proficient in math, and statistics, game theory, symbolic logic and all of that. ~ Dave Hickey,
251:To the extent math refers to reality, we are not certain to the extent we are certain, math does not refer to reality. ~ Albert Einstein,
252:You can go your whole life and not need math or physics for a minute, but the ability to tell a joke is always handy. ~ Garrison Keillor,
253:But in the new (math) approach, the important thing is to understand what you're doing, rather than to get the right answer. ~ Tom Lehrer,
254:You could do math early, but there are no brilliant 16-year-old novelists. They don't know the human condition yet. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
255:I got good grades in math, but I never really enjoyed it. My favorite part of math was algebra, but geometry was the worst. ~ Nathan Kress,
256:It does not take a math genius to understand that when you subtract a mother from the equation what remains is negative. ~ Kwame Alexander,
257:Music is not math. It's science. You keep mixing the stuff up until it blows up on you, or it becomes this incredible potion. ~ Bruno Mars,
258:I’m afraid of a lot of things, but men with big guns aren’t one of them. My kids’ math homework, well, that’s another story.” He ~ J R Rain,
259:A play that works well and is done quite a lot - I've never done the math - but it's probably more remunerative than a movie. ~ Tom Stoppard,
260:. . . I still wouldn't be able to control myself around him, and I'm math geek enough to know that equation doesn't work out. ~ Robin Brande,
261:I think there's no way they should have to teach [math] now. We have computers. We no longer need to know why 3x = 2y/4. ~ Rosie O Donnell,
262:Why did I have to be a good boy just because I had a bad-boy brother? I hated the way my mom and dad did family math. ~ Benjamin Alire S enz,
263:The math helps you have better understanding and helps you have more creative ideas, but you can't replace the creative ideas ~ Jonah Peretti,
264:Well, it’s all math,” he says. “If the math works, why then you should be sure of yourself. That’s the whole point of math. ~ Neal Stephenson,
265:Focused problem solving in math and science is often more effortful than focused-mode thinking involving language and people. ~ Barbara Oakley,
266:It is a little like developing the habit of stealing the test from your teacher’s desk instead of learning how to do the math. ~ Josh Waitzkin,
267:Growing up, I found I was good at two things: Art and Math. To hear my parents say it, though, it was only, 'John is good at Math. ~ John Maeda,
268:Just a girl in my math class"
"Just a girl, huh?"
Gabriel glared at him. "Just a girl."
Chris smiled. "So was Becca. ~ Brigid Kemmerer,
269:President Obama said he plans on training 10,000 new math and science teachers. How about teaching math to that economic team of his? ~ Jay Leno,
270:Though I believe math is a tool of the Enemy, I learned enough to know that to accurately find the sum, you add up all the parts. ~ Jen Hatmaker,
271:doesn’t require very complicated math. One guy told me that if you just designed a clean data display, people were amazed. ~ Kim Stanley Robinson,
272:Here's the thing. Math and I broke up two years ago, and now whenever we get together it's just weird and awkward for both of us. ~ Sariah Wilson,
273:Music has a lot in com­mon with math­e­mat­ics. But in music, two and two need not make four: they add up to what­ever you wish. ~ Jascha Heifetz,
274:We're more than the sum total of our choices, that all the paths we might have taken factor somehow into the math of our identity. ~ Blake Crouch,
275:Dear Miss Ingray, thank you for saving my life. When I grow up I will work for you. I am good at math and I know how to cook noodles. ~ Ann Leckie,
276:He couldn’t imagine such a moment, believed instead that Serena’s beauty was like certain laws of math and physics, fixed and immutable ~ Ron Rash,
277:This much I'm sure of. Chances for winning = 1 - (# of math students playing)/ (# of math students cheering). That's a fraction. ~ Danica McKellar,
278:Believe it or not, lots of people change their majors and abandon their dreams just to avoid a couple of math classes in college. ~ Danica McKellar,
279:If you enjoy math and you write novels, it's very rare that you'll get a chance to put your math into a novel. I leapt at the chance. ~ Mark Haddon,
280:I got a degree in math, from not a good school in Texas, and then I went to work as a software engineer. Just not glamorous at all. ~ Shane Carruth,
281:On Venus you could cook a 16-inch pepperoni pizza in seven seconds, just by holding it out to the air. (Yes, I did the math.) ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
282:What do I like about math? , When I've got figures in front of me, it relaxes me. Kind of like, everything fits where it belongs. ~ Haruki Murakami,
283:I believe if every K-12 kid or college student was taught math with Mathematica far more of them would becomes scientists and engineers. ~ Anonymous,
284:I considered law and math. My Dad was a lawyer. I think though I would have ended up in physics if I didn't end up in computer science. ~ Bill Gates,
285:I love music because it's so fecking brilliant. Music is math, and math is the structure of everything and pretty much perfect. ~ Karen Marie Moning,
286:I was good at math and science, and I got lots of degrees in lots of things, but in a parallel universe, I probably became a chef. ~ Nathan Myhrvold,
287:Just as I had long suspected, a person didn't really need math for anything anyway. Maybe some people did. Some limited people. ~ Augusten Burroughs,
288:Look unto the stars to teach us How the master’s thoughts can reach us Each one follows Newton’s math Silently along its path. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
289:When I was 18, science, physics, and math were my favorite. I was a bit of a nerd - the only girl with a lot of boys at chess championships. ~ Bjork,
290:You can be creative in anything - in math, science, engineering, philosophy - as much as you can in music or in painting or in dance. ~ Ken Robinson,
291:How are you?” she asked. It was a question that would’ve required some college-level math and about an hour of discussion to answer. I ~ Ransom Riggs,
292:Math does come easily to me, but I was always much more interested in what theorems imply about the world than in proving them. ~ Antony Garrett Lisi,
293:The No Child Left Behind Program was an incentive to the schools to get their kids up to snuff on math and science and reading. ~ Sandra Day O Connor,
294:[Harriet] hated math. She hated math with every bone in her body. She spent so much time hating it that she never had time to do it. ~ Louise Fitzhugh,
295:How are you?" she asked.
It was a question that would've required some college-level math and about an hour of discussion to answer. ~ Ransom Riggs,
296:In the early days, I often felt that I was taking a math test when we were playing. It was a profound feeling of having to prove myself. ~ Chris Stein,
297:It's as if there is infinity between our lips and we will never actually touch. Like math, where dividing by half can last for eternity. ~ Carrie Ryan,
298:The best minds of my generation are thinking about how to make people click ads,” a former math whiz at Facebook recently lamented.33 ~ Rutger Bregman,
299:The women with the growth mindset—those who thought math ability could be improved—felt a fairly strong and stable sense of belonging. ~ Carol S Dweck,
300:I take great solace that Einstein failed math. I failed math. I also failed English and home economics. Einstein was an underachiever. ~ Danny Bonaduce,
301:People want sex education out of the schools. They believe sex education causes promiscuity. Hey, I took algebra, but I never do math. ~ Elayne Boosler,
302:Hundreds,' Joe says. 'Hundreds and hundreds. But then again, I'm old.'
So old, Jesus was in your math class,' I say. I crack myself up. ~ Deb Caletti,
303:I didn't really think about becoming a professional artist until high school, when I realized that everything else required too much math. ~ Phil Foglio,
304:Suppose you're teaching math. You assume that parallel lines meet at infinity. You'll admit that adds up to something like transcendence. ~ G nter Grass,
305:To be honest, she may be kind of scared of the register. Or maybe she can’t add. She is a Christian. I don’t think they believe in math. ~ Andrea Portes,
306:Earlier today, President Bush said Kerry will be a tough and hard-charging opponent. That explains why Bush's nickname for Kerry is math. ~ Conan O Brien,
307:Once you understand that there's a spiritual math, add soul to the science and subtract the riff-raff. 24-7-365, cause 9 to 5 ain't alive. ~ Kool Moe Dee,
308:There's no reason to stereotype yourself. Doing math is like going to the gym - it's a workout for your brain and it makes you smarter. ~ Danica McKellar,
309:There are only two kinds of math books: Those you cannot read beyond the first sentence, and those you cannot read beyond the first page. ~ Chen Ning Yang,
310:Each individual has a responsibility to get out of bed, learn their ABCs, learn your math tables, not use race and racism as an excuse. ~ Henry Louis Gates,
311:I laugh and go back to looking at my magazine. Actually, it’s not really a magazine. It’s a math journal, because I’m super cool like that. ~ Tarryn Fisher,
312:I loved logic, math, computer programming. I loved systems and logic approaches. And so I just figured architecture is this perfect combination. ~ Maya Lin,
313:smart-boys fuck like they’re composing a piece of math rock: This hand strums around here, and then this finger offers a nice bass rhythm.… ~ Gillian Flynn,
314:What I am trying to say is that more than your own life has to be at stake, before a person becomes desperate enough to resort to math. ~ Eliezer Yudkowsky,
315:I had accepted a job being a math teacher for Teach For America. So, that's what I would have done at least in the two years after I graduated. ~ Chris Baio,
316:Yeah, Silver and his math are jokes, because math has a liberal bias. After all, math is the reason Mitt Romney's tax plan doesn't add up. ~ Stephen Colbert,
317:By 1940 Grace Hopper was bored. She had no children, her marriage was unexciting, and teaching math was not as fulfilling as she had hoped. ~ Walter Isaacson,
318:Extraordinary emblems of math's ability to illuminate the dark corners of the cosmos, black holes have become the cynosures of modern physics. ~ Brian Greene,
319:I thought I was going to be a math major. My parents were both accountants and wanted me to major in business. Math was our compromise. ~ Michael Silverblatt,
320:She ran her hand over my forehead. “You not sick?”
“No,” I said. “It’s called math.”
Mr. Wellington shook his head. “She has an exam. ~ Vanessa Fewings,
321:Hope is good. Without it, well, you do the math. But hope has to be like a prayer. Putting it out there to something more powerful than yourself. ~ Lisa Unger,
322:Predictive modeling generates the entire model from scratch. All the model’s math or weights or rules are created automatically by the computer. ~ Eric Siegel,
323:The motto I have penned on my knuckles is that this is the best world we have—because it’s the only world we have. It’s the simplest math ever. ~ Caitlin Moran,
324:I certainly was a geeky kid myself, but to me, math and science were always these magical things- powerful tools you could use in incredible ways. ~ Ben Mezrich,
325:See how the Ganga flows by and what a nice building! I like this place. This is the ideal kind of place for a Math. (in Belur, West Bengal). ~ Swami Vivekananda,
326:We expect the states to show us whether or not we're achieving simple objectives-like literacy, literacy in math, the ability to read and write. ~ George W Bush,
327:You’ve helped me see that IT is not merely a department. Instead, it’s pervasive, like electricity. It’s a skill, like being able to read or do math. ~ Gene Kim,
328:In fact, NSF was the leading successful efforts to improve U.S. math and science education long before the Department of Education was even created. ~ Bob Inglis,
329:Math has proven the existence of God, because it is absolute and without contradiction; but the devil must exist as well, because we cannot prove it ~ Y ko Ogawa,
330:We all know that there are these exemplars who can take the toughest students, and they'll teach them two-and-a-half years of math in a single year. ~ Bill Gates,
331:What is the answer, Evan?" Ms Granger asked.
Giraffe, I wanted to answer. It was on the tip of my tongue. Giraffe.
This was in math class, ~ David Levithan,
332:That does not count as math, because one does not have to understand how it works or what it means in order to think that it looks sort of beautiful. ~ John Green,
333:The world was precarious, Lotto had learned. People could be subtracted from it with swift bad math. If one might die at any moment, one must live! ~ Lauren Groff,
334:Studies show American students are becoming less proficient in math. Experts say we should have seen this coming, but nobody could put 2 and 2 together. ~ Jay Leno,
335:Christians remind me of schoolboys who want to look up the answers to their math problems in the back of the book rather than work them through. ~ Soren Kierkegaard,
336:If you love math, have a knack for numbers, study hard and become a successful accountant; who cares if you can't draw a straight line or sing on key? ~ Nick Carter,
337:I look around for someplace to sit, but of course there's nowhere. It's the bathroom in the math wing, not the bathroom in Blair Waldorf's house. ~ Lauren Barnholdt,
338:Too bad relationships weren’t math problems with precise answers. They were essay questions in a philosophy class, and they came down to judgement. ~ Lauren Blakely,
339:All the traditional STEM fields, the science, technology, engineering, and math fields, are stoked when you dream big in an agency such as NASA. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
340:It was just like a digital fixation with cards and math and science and then I started to look at images of great magicians from Houdini down the line. ~ David Blaine,
341:We write in darkness. We love
in alleys. We breathe into beige
paper bags. Anything to mollify
the confusion. Anything to simplify
the math. ~ Bill Yarrow,
342:You do his homework?"
"Just the math. It's a miracle he can count to ten."
"I can count to one." Gabriel gave him the finger.
Chris sighed. ~ Brigid Kemmerer,
343:You only get one sunrise and one sunset a day, and you only get so many days on the planet. A good photographer does the math and doesn't waste either. ~ Galen Rowell,
344:As a child, however, I knew so many African Americans working in science, math, and engineering that I thought that’s just what black folks did. ~ Margot Lee Shetterly,
345:if you give the learner enough of the appropriate data, it can approximate any function arbitrarily closely—which is math-speak for learning anything. ~ Pedro Domingos,
346:If you're a waiter and you're waiting on me, you might get five percent, you might get seventy percent. It depends on how bad my math skills are that day. ~ Kelly Ripa,
347:We need all hands on deck, and that means clearing hurdles for women and girls as they navigate careers in science, technology, engineering, and math. ~ Michelle Obama,
348:A hit show takes Hollywood magic indeed, but it also takes a lot of math and science, plus the study of polls and trends to make and sell a TV show. ~ Kristoffer Polaha,
349:Gematria is simply a man-made game that uses numbers; and NO, this is NOT Math! Projecting a game unto nature does not deem it to be part of, Science! ~ Ibrahim Ibrahim,
350:Markets are fundamentally volatile. No way around it. Your problem is not in the math. There is no math to get you out of having to experience uncertainty. ~ Ed Seykota,
351:The U.S. ranks 25th in math and 21st in science. We are woefully behind. The only way to change this situation is through public-private partnerships. ~ Klaus Kleinfeld,
352:You don't have to like your teacher. [...] But that woman's got the kind of math in her head that you need in yours. Focus on that and ignore the rest. ~ Michelle Obama,
353:I was good at math, math was my thing - but I was not nearly good enough to be an astrophysicist. I was way outta my league. I realized this very quickly. ~ Sam Trammell,
354:Let's face it; by and large math is not easy, but that's what makes it so rewarding when you conquer a problem, and reach new heights of understanding. ~ Danica McKellar,
355:People who like math. So I was trying to imagine—” “When seven billion die, and only some thousands remain, where do the seven billion souls go?” “Yes. ~ Neal Stephenson,
356:The difference between good at math and bad at math is hard work. It's trying. It's trying hard. It's trying harder than you've ever tried before. That's it. ~ Anonymous,
357:As a child, however, I knew so many African Americans working in science, math, and engineering that I thought that’s just what black folks did. My ~ Margot Lee Shetterly,
358:[Math] curriculum is obsessed with jargon and nomenclature seemingly for no other purpose than to provide teachers with something to test the students on. ~ Paul Lockhart,
359:Math is my favorite subject. It's the universal language. I like the fact that wherever you go in the whole world, two plus two will still be four. ~ Dakota Blue Richards,
360:no matter how much tech companies talk about algorithms like they’re nothing but advanced math, they always reflect the values of their creators: ~ Sara Wachter Boettcher,
361:Somehow it's O.K. for people to chuckle about not being good at math. Yet if I said, 'I never learned to read,' they'd say I was an illiterate dolt. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
362:The New York Times - but the whole country gives it that weight. It's like the Asian kid in math class. Everybody in the media cheats off The New York Times. ~ Bill Maher,
363:In American math classes, we teach a lot of concepts poorly over many years. In the Asian systems they teach you very few concepts very well over a few years. ~ Bill Gates,
364:Nothing is something after all. There’s math that proves this, of course, but also observations. I know it seems like math and observations are opposites. ~ Emily Fridlund,
365:This was one of the problems with math department graduates. When it came to areas they weren't interested in, their memory was surprisingly short-lived. ~ Haruki Murakami,
366:Thought
It does not take
a math genius
to understand that
when you subtract
a mother
from the equation
what remains
is negative. ~ Kwame Alexander,
367:Alone, you're vastly outnumbered; but in the company of another, by some weird miracle of human math, the odds seem wonderfully improved in your favor. ~ Charles D Ambrosio,
368:Alone, you’re vastly outnumbered; but in the company of another, by some weird miracle of human math, the odds seem wonderfully improved in your favor. ~ Charles D Ambrosio,
369:I can’t help thinking that we’re more than the sum total of our choices, that all the paths we might have taken factor somehow into the math of our identity. ~ Blake Crouch,
370:In life two negatives don't make a positive. Double negatives turn positive only in math and formal logic. In life things just get worse and worse and worse. ~ Robert McKee,
371:I prefer home-schooling because you can work at your own pace and go towards more what you're interested in, whether it be history or geography or math. ~ Q orianka Kilcher,
372:All human states are organic brain states - happiness, sadness, fear, lust, dreaming, doing math problems and writing novels - and our brains are not static. ~ Siri Hustvedt,
373:I can't stop biting my nails. It's a bad habit of mine. I like anything to do with math and numbers. I know a lot of people don't like geometry, but for me it's fun. ~ Khleo,
374:I want every math teacher to know math. I want every science teacher to have expertise in science. I want them to know how to inspire and engage young people. ~ Barack Obama,
375:When something is beautiful in math, everything is just perfectly lined up, and you see through sheer thought that something really beautiful can take place. ~ Shane Carruth,
376:A well-known mathematician once told me that the great thing about liking both math and sex was that he could do either one while thinking about the other. ~ Steven Landsburg,
377:I didn't know there were this many math guys," Hale said as they stepped onto the crowded concourse. Kat cleared her throat. "And women," he added. "Math women. ~ Ally Carter,
378:I don’t know if math is real in the sense that it’s woven into the fabric of the cosmos, or if it’s something that we invent and impose upon it. I don’t know. ~ Rivka Galchen,
379:I want to reach back into my history with a grade-school pink eraser, scrubbing away my decisions like mistakes on a math test. To bad I drew my mistakes in ink. ~ Emery Lord,
380:Forever, just the word fills Beverly with an unaccountable, schoolmarmish sort of rage. Forever, that's got to be bad math, right? Such terrifying math. ~ Karen Russell,
381:There is an almost complete overlap between men and women’s math scores. The majority of women have a male math twin: a man with the same math score as they do. ~ Hans Rosling,
382:Activism is setting a goal of something you would like to be different, and figuring out what would have to change to achieve that goal. It's sort of like math. ~ Rachel Maddow,
383:Community is essential when it comes to successfully living out the Christian walk in a day-to-day context. So the math is simple: More community = More disciples. ~ Ed Stetzer,
384:Even if you’re bad at math, you’re probably much better at it than the smartest chimpanzee, whose genetic identity varies in only trifling ways from ours. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
385:In some ways, I never outgrew my adolescence. I wake up in the morning and think, 'Oh my God, I'm late for a math test!' But then I say, 'Wait a minute. I'm 40. ~ Daniel Clowes,
386:I've taught statistics, math courses and what I've found is that often if you teach them algebraically the formulas, you'll have one group of kids doing well. ~ Robert Sternberg,
387:Our equation should not be that math is hard, and so programming is hard. Rather, it should be that programming can be fun, and this means that math can be fun, too. ~ Anonymous,
388:stereotyping of Asians as racially gifted in math and science is a consequence not so much of their academic habits as shifting immigration and corporate priorities. ~ Anonymous,
389:There is something very pleasing about the principles of science and the rules of math, because they are so inevitable and so harmonious - in the abstract, anyway. ~ Lydia Davis,
390:Circles, homework coupons, what foolishness would she next hear? And so she began to teach him mathematics—she called it “maths” and he called it “math ~ Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie,
391:I was very good in math and physics. In the Soviet time, we had a lot of Olympic-style competitions for different disciplines: I was always winning in my region. ~ Oleg Deripaska,
392:She’d been in math classes with Quentin since they were ten years old, and anything he could do she could do just as well, backward and in high heels if necessary. ~ Lev Grossman,
393:So, I don’t know if math is real in the sense that it’s woven into the fabric of the cosmos, or if it’s something that we invent and impose upon it. I don’t know. ~ Rivka Galchen,
394:The fixed mindset, plus stereotyping, plus women's trust in people's assessments: I think we can begin to understand why there's a gender gap in math and science. ~ Carol S Dweck,
395:There's fancy math to explain all this, of course. (...) But when you saw the Aurora, saw her floating and rising, you forget all about the match and just stared. ~ Kenneth Oppel,
396:A new study found that students who are taught abstinence end up with better math scores. Of course, if you join the math team, the abstinence takes care of itself. ~ Jimmy Fallon,
397:I am your Ted's song-legend, Crow of the death-chill, please. The God-eating, trash-licking, word-murdering, carcass-desecrating math-bomb motherfucker, and all that. ~ Max Porter,
398:If anyone tells you it's impossible to be fabulous and smart and make a ton of money using math, well, they can just get in line behind you - and kiss your math. ~ Danica McKellar,
399:...the thing about dieting is that it's really horrible and boring for a longer period of time than feeling pretty in small jeans feels. That's just basic math. ~ Brittany Gibbons,
400:I continued to study Math and Physics on my own, but one and a half years later I realized that I did want to be a composer, and after that I never changed my mind. ~ Gyorgy Ligeti,
401:Math and science need to be made more hospitable places for women. And women need all the growth mindset they can get to take their rightful places in these fields. ~ Carol S Dweck,
402:Not only can I teach you math, I can teach you math in bed, Jordan. You know, I'll add the bed, you subtract the clothes, you divide the legs, and I'll multiply ~ Miranda Kenneally,
403:Sense and logic clearly weren’t one of Errik’s strengths. A monkey with a math problem, all dragging knuckles and grunts, he clenched his fists and dug his heels in. ~ Tim Marquitz,
404:After the war, I went to the University of Chicago, where I was pleased to study anthropology, a science that was mostly poetry, that involved almost no math at all. ~ Kurt Vonnegut,
405:Here’s how the math works. You need to meet two criteria: First, you have to create enough each year that you can earn, on average, $100 profit from each true fan. ~ Timothy Ferriss,
406:I didn't know there were this many math guys," Hale said as they stepped onto the crowded concourse.
Kat cleared her throat.
"And women," he added. "Math women. ~ Ally Carter,
407:I don't want just a night or a week or a month with you. I want you all the time. I like you better than calculus, and math is the only thing that unites the universe. ~ Helen Hoang,
408:If you’re not interested in them, they will become obsessed with you. If you are interested in them, they will disappear. It’s like … it’s like math. It’s an equation. ~ Aziz Ansari,
409:Once you found the math in a thing, you knew everything about it, and you could manipulate it to your heart’s content with nothing more than a pencil and a napkin. ~ Neal Stephenson,
410:Science Technology Engineering and Math is still necessary to know if you dream of being a filmmaker. Filmmaking is an art form, but with the use of STEM. - Kailin Gow. ~ Kailin Gow,
411:When I originally entered UCLA, I had planned to go for a film major, but I kept finding myself taking math classes for fun, 'cause I missed them from high school! ~ Danica McKellar,
412:When it turned out that he could, Karou dropped to her knees to genuflect. "Gods of math and physics," she intoned, "I accept your gift of this clever fair-haired boy ~ Laini Taylor,
413:Learning through the arts reinforces critical academic skills in reading, language arts and math, and provides students with the skills to creatively solve problems. ~ Michelle Obama,
414:Quinn until he messaged me his nightly text, which had turned somewhat math-mushy recently: If I were a function, you would be my asymptote. I always tend toward you. He ~ Penny Reid,
415:I have been involved with science and math education my whole life. My hope is to continue to promote the love of these beautiful disciplines to the next generation. ~ Tohoru Masamune,
416:I'm thinking of switching banks, and my friend said, 'Well, what's wrong with Citibank?' Well, they can't spell 'city.' I hope their math is better than their English is. ~ Arj Barker,
417:Tengo has an innate knack for precision in all realms, including correct punctuation and discovering the simplest possible formula necessary to solve a math problem. ~ Haruki Murakami,
418:You know when you're a kid and you think, 'Oh no, I've got double math, this is never gonna end,' but then it ends, and it's like it never happened? That's like life. ~ Craig Ferguson,
419:I'd never had a mind for math. ... It was a logic that made little sense to me. In my perception, the world wasn't a graph or a formula or an equation. It was a story. ~ Cheryl Strayed,
420:In math, you could get 100 percent. It was very fair. That's what I liked about math. You could figure it out, and the teacher couldn't have a stupid opinion about it. ~ Norm MacDonald,
421:When general relativity was first put forward in 1915, the math was very unfamiliar to most physicists. Now we teach general relativity to advanced high school students. ~ Brian Greene,
422:When you take a look at the problems our country is facing, debt is No. 1. The math is downright scary and the credit markets aren't going to keep on giving us cheap rates. ~ Paul Ryan,
423:I liked English and art and did a lot of painting. And for some reason I was good at math, but I wasn't an A student. I really had to work hard to get good grades. ~ Natasha Bedingfield,
424:It's such a diversion to be constantly thinking of better ways I can teach people math that my hunger is for that really, for new ways of translating the beauty of it. ~ Danica McKellar,
425:Mathematicians grow very old; it is a healthy profession. The reason you live long is that you have pleasant thoughts. Math and physics are very pleasant things to do. ~ Dirk Jan Struik,
426:Mr. Merrick, I'd like to speak with you."
Mr. Merrick. He hated when teachers called him that, like he was an old man stopping by to learn a few math tricks. ~ Brigid Kemmerer,
427:People can talk tough without having to do the primitive math of violence, because they believe that law enforcement will either intervene and stop or punish an attacker. ~ Jack Donovan,
428:Some kids are good at math, some kids can run, and acting was an interest of mine. Because I knew you could do it for a living I decided, that's what I'm going to do. ~ Jonny Lee Miller,
429:Test scores aren't perfect, but having a test score for math or reading or other things that we can objectively measure is a meaningful component that makes a lot of sense. ~ Bill Gates,
430:That was the great thing about numbers: it required no faith to believe that two plus two equaled four. And math never, ever condemned you for your thoughts and desires. ~ Michael Grant,
431:The commercial break before Final Jeopardy is usually the only time that the show stops tape. You’re given as long as you want to do the math required to make your wager. ~ Ken Jennings,
432:Although I was first drawn to math and science by the certainty they promised, today I find the unanswered questions and the unexpected connections at least as attractive. ~ Lisa Randall,
433:Being an electronic genius was a reputation I had, maybe being even into math and science almost exclusively and not wanting to be in the other normal parts of the world. ~ Steve Wozniak,
434:If she thought I’d be much help with math problems, then we already had trouble. Most of what I’d learned in high school and college had long ago departed from my brain. ~ Carolyn J Rose,
435:In school math and science were my favorite subjects, but I probably in my true self I'm more of a people person. At the same time, I don't think that's how I recharge. ~ Emily Deschanel,
436:Mace had to be six foot three, had the prerequisite Nightingale Investigation Team killer bod; black hair, jade eyes and a jaw so square, it could be used in math class. ~ Kristen Ashley,
437:playing with numbers was still considered taboo, a subject best left to the later years, despite America’s obvious and enduring math handicap. For too long, what American ~ Amanda Ripley,
438:Real frontier-busting math explores new worlds . . . . If you can communicate that experience, somewhere between math and uncertainty, life experience provides the balance. ~ John Madden,
439:There is an idea that a mind is wasted on the arts unless it makes you good in math or science. There is some evidence that the arts might help you in math and science. ~ Wynton Marsalis,
440:data science requires more than math skills: it also takes people who have a wide-ranging curiosity, and whose innovation is guided by their own experience—not just data. ~ Daniel Goleman,
441:I couldn't picture myself with a boyfriend, but if I had to, I envisioned a nice normal guy who turned in his math homework on time and maybe even played rec baseball. ~ Becca Fitzpatrick,
442:Spending time with math people is a lot of fun. As a result of the play, I've had semi-drunken dinners with mathematicians all over the country. I recommend the experience. ~ David Auburn,
443:Why don't we teach sex the way we teach math or history? It is such a deeply crucial and healing part of life and we offer no road map. I think it is core to ending violence. ~ Eve Ensler,
444:I'm not good at math. Numbers are a terrifying thing to me. My father is a whiz with money and the stock market, and he tries to explain it to me, and I find it terrifying. ~ Chris Gethard,
445:In baseball, we count everything,” Babe said. “Baseball’s a math teacher’s dream for teaching kids arithmetic. It’s numbers and statistics. It’s long division and decimals. I ~ Tony Castro,
446:It is like breathing to us, and to ignore math in this story would be akin to listening to Frank Zappa without ever having taken hallucinogens, an incomplete experience. ~ Stuart Rojstaczer,
447:What's great is that because math is such a universal language, really, our fans come in all shapes and sizes, all ages and genders and races and backgrounds and cultures. ~ David Krumholtz,
448:Common Core, the initiative that claims to more accurately measure K-12 student knowledge in English and math, also encourages children to step up their "critical thinking." ~ David Harsanyi,
449:When girls are asking themselves 'Who am I?' for the first time and they hear all this bad PR about math, they think, 'Well, whoever I am, I'm not somebody who likes math.' ~ Danica McKellar,
450:You can't plan the kind of deep love that results in children. Fatherhood was not a conscious decision. It was part of the wonderful ride I was on. All the math finally worked. ~ Johnny Depp,
451:And by the same token, I appreciate math, because I can't do math. If I have to read a map or figure out the tip on a restaurant bill, I might start to tear up a little bit. ~ Thomas F Wilson,
452:People assume because I'm a coffee expert I drink lots of coffee. I can't. It takes me half an hour to brew my perfect cup. Do the math. I simply don't have time to drink more. ~ Kevin Sinnott,
453:The average actor might only be able to book six to eight guest star jobs a year - that would be high. So when you start doing the math, you can't live on that in Los Angeles. ~ Beth Broderick,
454:If you're not a flaming Filipino dancing queen, they never, ever expect the Asian guy to be asking about gay sex. They always figure you want to talk about math. Or the violin. ~ David Levithan,
455:No one really buys records anymore. You can look at sales and do that math real quick. Unfortunately, it's fast food in the music industry. People don't ingest full records anymore. ~ Tommy Lee,
456:Skibbereen have a hard time at [math]; the best that the smartest of them can do with adding two plus two is guessing: three plus one. Correct, sort of, but not always useful. ~ Gregory Maguire,
457:Yeah, Silver and his math are jokes, because math has a liberal bias. After all, math is the reason Mitt Romney's tax plan doesn't add up. ~ Stephen Colbert, The Colbert Report (2012-11-05)[3].,
458:Bashful=Spanish, Miss Gardenia
Doc=Psychology, Mr. Wang
Happy=Chemistry 2, Mr. Durbin
Dopey=English Lit., Mr. Purcell
Dippy=Math, Mrs. Craig
Dumbass=PE, Coach Crater ~ Lisa McMann,
459:You know a lot about math," I said. You know a lot about math? What type of statement was that? Right along the lines of "Hey, you have hair and it's red and curly." Real smooth. ~ Katie McGarry,
460:My knowledge of science came from being with Carl, not from formal academic training. Carl gave me a thrilling tutorial in science and math that lasted the 20 years we were together. ~ Ann Druyan,
461:We need more math classes, we need more science. It's the art of math and the art of science that creates all the innovation, and we have a tradition of great arts, great music. ~ Wynton Marsalis,
462:Everybody has fucked-up families, even normal kids, even the ones who aren’t in here. There’s no magic math equation that makes us addicts, nothing that separates us from everyone else. ~ Amy Reed,
463:I want my girls to love math. I want them to think that being a scientist is the coolest possible job on the planet. I want them to not be afraid to lean toward their femininity. ~ Jennifer Garner,
464:Math is hard work and it occupies your mind—and it doesn’t hurt to learn all you can of it, no matter what rank you are; everything of any importance is founded on mathematics. ~ Robert A Heinlein,
465:I like doing math that involves measuring the lengths of numbers written out on the page (which is really just a way of loosely estimating log10x). It works, but it feels so wrong. ~ Randall Munroe,
466:See, it’s just a matter of looking at the lines and doing the math.” “Ugh, more math. I do enough of that as it is.” He laughed. “But this is fun math.” “Fun math is an oxymoron.” Kile ~ Kiera Cass,
467:There's a branch of math called the foundations of math. It's kind of like quantum mechanics. It's about how this very complex theory of math can be built up from very basic parts. ~ Tristan Perich,
468:Teaching kids how to nourish their creativity and curiosity, while still providing a sound foundation in critical thinking, literacy and math, is the best way to prepare them for ~ Peter H Diamandis,
469:Desar's chosen field in mathematics was so esoteric that nobody in the Institute or the Math Federation could really check on his progress. That was precisely why he had chosen it. ~ Ursula K Le Guin,
470:I reviewed some of his articles and knew Albert couldn’t manage all those mathematical calculations on his own. You were always better at math than him. Than most of us, actually.” I ~ Marie Benedict,
471:He went back to the TV, and after I finished washing the dishes by hand—no dishwasher—I went upstairs unwillingly to work on my math homework. I could feel a tradition in the making. ~ Stephenie Meyer,
472:There is number of different efforts around the country are to try to redesign the math pathway and the courses that students have to take to make it more applicable to the real world. ~ Anya Kamenetz,
473:The steps to solving a problem, from elementary math to breaking out of a police station, remained the same. A simple matter of understanding the problem, and selecting the best solution. ~ V E Schwab,
474:I love teaching online at my website and soon I'll be writing a math book. I love to teach math. I just don't have time for a full-time teaching gig. Acting is way too time-consuming. ~ Danica McKellar,
475:Math tip: Beans tend to triple in size when you cook them, so if you want to end up with 1½ cups of cooked beans (the standard can measurement), you want to start with ½ cup dried beans. ~ Thug Kitchen,
476:I’m told finance doesn’t require very complicated math. One guy told me that if you just designed a clean data display, people were amazed. So it’s more just advanced programming, ~ Kim Stanley Robinson,
477:I thought, well, you might see curves there, but that's just a bone - so even if I lose weight that's not going to change anything. That's how I look. That's my shape. Do the math. ~ Christina Hendricks,
478:It is a mistake to suppose that requiring the nonmathematical to take more advanced math courses will enhance their understanding and not merely exacerbate their sense of inadequacy. ~ William Raspberry,
479:let me let you in on a little secret as to why the new American gulag is going to be so popular. MSNBC has already done the math on this one: Prison = Entertainment! Now and forever! You ~ Cintra Wilson,
480:I'm a mathematician, basically. What I do is look around for problems where I can find useful applications for mathematics. All I do, really, is the math, and other people have the ideas. ~ Freeman Dyson,
481:Science, math and engineering can give you the exhilarating power to become not mere spectators or consumers, but the active explorers, makers and doers who will help invent the future. ~ Susan Hockfield,
482:My previous outlook could be summed up as follows: Life is shit. Math makes sense. Fictional characters are superior to real people because real people are equal parts pitiful and predictable. ~ Penny Reid,
483:The most important thing we can do is inspire young minds and to advance the kind of science, math and technology education that will help youngsters take us to the next phase of space travel. ~ John Glenn,
484:They look at what's more important, like subjects to help with the SAT's, etc. They miss that music is vital. It offers a break from a stressful day of science and math and it's different. ~ Justin Guarini,
485:When I was in school, my favorite subject was math. I took algebra and calculus. At an early age I grasped it and understood it quickly. I just enjoyed breaking the codes and solving problems. ~ Chris Bosh,
486:I started in a business background, but then it was like, 'you know, I can't do math,' so I changed it to a liberal arts degree and got my Bachelor of Arts in Communications and it made sense. ~ Jeff Dunham,
487:Ask your brain to do math every day, and it gets better at math. Ask your brain to worry, and it gets better at worrying. Ask your brain to concentrate, and it gets better at concentrating. ~ Kelly McGonigal,
488:Kids at the school, which launched a year and a half ago, aren't called students but "innovators." They receive a hardcore focus on STEM skills (that's science, technology, engineering and math). ~ Anonymous,
489:Marijuana-steeped conversations concerning questions of wave formation often take on mystical dimensions. Oceanographers and meteorologists can get even farther out there. They smoke math. ~ Patrick E McLean,
490:These are the dilemmas for cancer patients. Who and what to believe? A particular treatment is not foolproof, or as many medical experts remind us, is not math, with a fixed and certain outcome. ~ Tom Brokaw,
491:At the fourth grade level, girls at the same percentages of boys say they're interested in careers in engineering or math or astrophysics, but by eighth grade that has dropped precipitously. ~ Chelsea Clinton,
492:We must be willing to pay inspiring math and science teachers, who have high paying alternatives in industry, more to teach and reward students who take more challenging courses in high school. ~ Mark Kennedy,
493:When I was young I liked taking tests. I happened to be good at it. Certain subjects came easily, like math. All the science stuff. I would just read the textbooks in the first few days of class. ~ Bill Gates,
494:But I looked over at him, with his substitute math teacher glasses and hopeful expression, and my smile faded. He hadn't learned yet that things didn't work out just because you wanted then to. ~ Morgan Matson,
495:Damn it, Asher. Half of me is pissed as hell at how you treated
Danny, half of me feels sorry for you, and half of me—”
“Is horrifyingly bad at math?” Asher asked. Oliver glared at
him. ~ Cardeno C,
496:I am intentionally avoiding the standard term which, by the way, did not exist in Euler's time. One of the ugliest outgrowths of the "new math" was the premature introduction of technical terms. ~ George Polya,
497:Most people who open restaurants will fail, because they lack the fundamental understanding of restaurant math. Either they think they're superstar cooks or they think they're superstar hosts. ~ Joe Bastianich,
498:Then the voices started to argue and I threw my math book across the room in frustration.  It was a pretty bad sign when the voices inside your head started fighting with one another. ~ Jenna Elizabeth Johnson,
499:I think scientists have a valid point when they bemoan the fact that it's socially acceptable in our culture to be utterly ignorant of math, whereas it is a shameful thing to be illiterate. ~ Jennifer Ouellette,
500:Oh, he was a decent-enough high school student, good grades and well-liked, but his test scores were nothing to write home about. He might as well have Christmas-treed the math test. ~ Thomas Christopher Greene,
501:She had the stabbing, prickly feeling she had gotten in the third grade when she'd cheated on a math test. It was throbbing, gut-pounding feeling that she was a big fake about to be caught. ~ Jodi Lynn Anderson,
502:What makes you think they’re spying on you?” “Voco. An aut where a fraa or suur is called out from the math—Evoked—and goes to do something praxic for the Panjandrums. We never see them again. ~ Neal Stephenson,
503:Ask your brain to do math every day, and it gets better at math. Ask your brain to worry, and it gets better at worrying. Ask your brain to concentrate, and it gets better at concentrating. Not ~ Kelly McGonigal,
504:Was everything going to continue to come toward these kids earlier and earlier so that they emerged from the womb with their teeth wired, wearing glasses and helmets, scheduling math tutors? ~ Meg Mitchell Moore,
505:A surprising proportion of mathematicians are accomplished musicians. Is it because music and mathematics share patterns that are beautiful? ~ Martin Gardner in The Dover Math and Science Newsletter May 16, 2011.,
506:If you’re the very luckiest kind of astronaut ever, your big payoff is that you get to visit a barren airless wasteland for five minutes, do some more math, and then go home—ice cream not guaranteed. ~ Lindy West,
507:The fact that the same symbolic programming primitives work for those as work for math kinds of things, I think, really validates the idea of symbolic programming being something pretty general. ~ Stephen Wolfram,
508:"The Mother's child shall be a hero, a Mahâvira. In unhappiness, sorrow, death, and desolation, the Mother's child shall always remain fearless." ~ Swami Vivekananda (Belur Math, 1901)#SwamiVivekananda #BelurMath,
509:In high school, we studied a lot of poetical forms. I was really interested in the math that was involved and the strange live break ups. That gave me a great amount of respect for a rhymed stanza. ~ Joanna Newsom,
510:Mom was never much of a math person, but she took me to the public library before I could read, got me a library card, showed me how to use it, and always made sure I had access to kids’ books at home. ~ J D Vance,
511:My brother and I were born in an Irish county called Tipperary. We were both very math- and science-inclined in high school. My dad trained as an electrical engineer, and my mom is in microbiology. ~ John Collison,
512:It's estimated that across Africa 100 elephants are killed for their tusks every day. It takes nothing more than simple math to get to what that adds up to in a year, and it's a distressing figure. ~ Graydon Carter,
513:Since I was born I wanted to entertain and communicate. I wanted to communicate so badly ... My sixth-grade math teacher taped my mouth. I'm still out to get her [for that]. It was very traumatizing! ~ Jenna Elfman,
514:Tom was not good at math. He’d started to lose his way in middle school, as so many American kids did. It had happened gradually; first he hadn’t understood one lesson, and then another and another. ~ Amanda Ripley,
515:Within the United States, there is a real division between the PhDs given in science and math to the Asian community, to the traditional white community, and then to African-Americans and Hispanics. ~ Juan Enriquez,
516:I do the math. On one side: Anderson, the entire police force, the media, and most likely the pope himself. On the other side, my innocence. This does not add up to a terribly encouraging bottom line. ~ Jeff Lindsay,
517:Sometimes I wondered exactly what it might take to break Andy out of his math-nerd turret: a tidal wave? Decepticon invasion? Godzilla tromping down Fifth Avenue? He was a planet without an atmosphere. ~ Donna Tartt,
518:While President Obama shirks his responsibility to advance solutions to our fiscal challenges, he can no longer hide from the merciless math of the balance sheet. Conservatives have made certain of that. ~ Paul Ryan,
519:you are a mirror if you continue to starve yourself of love you’ll only meet people who’ll starve you too if you soak yourself in love the universe will hand you those who’ll love you too - a simple math ~ Rupi Kaur,
520:We have completely neutered grace (my good works save me, but we still call it grace), made God a math equation (God will like me if I’m good), and turned Jesus into Mr. Rogers (“Howdy, neighbor”). ~ Jefferson Bethke,
521:Space is for everybody. It's not just for a few people in science or math, or for a select group of astronauts. That's our new frontier out there, and it's everybody's business to know about space. ~ Christa McAuliffe,
522:Economics anxiety may be even more common than the often identified 'math anxiety,' for unlike math, which has its personal uses, economics is seen as a mysterious set of forces manipulated from above. ~ Gloria Steinem,
523:My background is basically scientific math. My Dad was a physicist, so I have it in my blood somewhere. Scientific method is very important to me. I think anything that contradicts it is probably not true. ~ John Astin,
524:A math teacher’s least favorite thing to hear from a student is “I get the concept, but I couldn’t do the problems.” Though the student doesn’t know it, this is shorthand for “I don’t get the concept. ~ Jordan Ellenberg,
525:For those of you who are about to embark on reading The Math Book from cover to cover, look for the connections, gaze in awe at the evolution of ideas, and sail on the shoreless sea of imagination. ~ Clifford A Pickover,
526:I didn't get a Bachelor's degree - I got a Bachelor's of Fine Arts, which means I didn't have to take humanities, math, and stuff like that. I think I had to take Art History, which I failed a few times. ~ Stephen Furst,
527:If you want to understand science, you have to understand math. In business, if you're enumerate, you're going to be a klutz. The good thing about business is that you don't have to know any higher math. ~ Charlie Munger,
528:I saw the head of NOW - National Organization of Women - saying that women still only make 70 cents on the dollar to every man. I'm not sure I'm going to believe that. Women are notoriously bad at math. ~ Bonnie McFarlane,
529:Numbers still gave Astrid pleasure. That was the great thing about numbers: it required no faith to believe that two plus two equaled four. And math never, ever condemned you for your thoughts and desires. ~ Michael Grant,
530:People are more easily manipulated when they don't have information. If you ensure that kids grow up without basic reading skills, math skills, and so forth, then you ensure that they can't act effectively. ~ Tony Kushner,
531:Sometimes the current even starts to flow in the other direction: sometimes, particularly in university math and science departments, nerds deliberately exaggerate their awkwardness in order to seem smarter. ~ Paul Graham,
532:I hated science in high school. Technology? Engineering? Math? Why would I ever need this? Little did I realize that music was also about science, technology, engineering and mathematics, all rolled into one. ~ Mickey Hart,
533:Their Internet usage is growing very rapidly, and even they can do the math: If everyone in China needed an IPv4 address - just one - this country would use up one third of the entire public IP address space. ~ Vinton Cerf,
534:The Polytechnic was a new sort of college dedicated to producing teachers and professors for various math or scientific disciplines, and it was one of the few universities in Europe to grant women degrees. ~ Marie Benedict,
535:There is certainly the intention of efforts like the Common Core to raise education standards and make sure that every student masters advanced math concepts - algebra, geometry, statistics and probability. ~ Anya Kamenetz,
536:Yeah, but I’m the second most fucked up person I know, and when you put two negatives together, you get a positive. That’s math, Caleb. Math is the language of the universe. You can’t argue with the universe. ~ C J Roberts,
537:Her touch is like doing simple math
When she sleeps in the bed, subtracting clothes
There is a red ink, like a sparkling red wine, adding colors
Dividing body, remembering gods, without multiplying ~ Santosh Kalwar,
538:I don't know all the answers in life, but the beauty in math is that the answer is always there."
He scoffed. "Yet I never seem to be able to find it."
"Maybe you've been looking in the wrong place. ~ Rachel Hawthorne,
539:Listening to the data is important... but so is experience and intuition. After all, what is intuition at its best but large amounts of data of all kinds filtered through a human brain rather than a math model? ~ Steve Lohr,
540:My first feeling was that there was no way to continue. Writing isn't like math;in math, two plus two always equals four no matter what your mood is like. With writing, the way you feel changes everything. ~ Stephenie Meyer,
541:We don’t learn about taking care of ourselves the way we learn math. Although information is useful and sometimes critical, self-care isn’t only an intellectual process. It’s our experiences that change us. ~ Melody Beattie,
542:I think it's not particularly necessary to lead a religious life. People progress just as well in music, or art, or math or science or gardening or whatever. It all seems to work as well and the process is good. ~ Jim Henson,
543:I was an undergraduate at Princeton, and I was pressed by the math department to go on to graduate school. Actually they gave me fellowships that paid my way, otherwise I would not have been able to continue. ~ Alonzo Church,
544:It'll turn out you mean love,' Sholto said. 'At the moment math is the only thing that excites you so you're nosing around numbers as if numbers are life. But in two years you'll be telling me about some boy. ~ Elizabeth Knox,
545:Logan’s overall score was a six-point-seven. Jimmy only has a score of six-point-four. Even with today’s new math, six-point-seven is greater than six-point-four. I can show you with a graph if that would help. ~ Harlan Coben,
546:Italian cuisine, at its very best, is a math problem that doesn't add up. A tangle of noodles, a few scraps of pork, a grating of cheese are transformed into something magical. 1+1=3: more alchemy than cooking. ~ Matt Goulding,
547:It baffled me how people could resist math's gorgeousness, but people did, and people do. The fine of its purity drives them away, the purity of the fine, unmixed with the heaviness of unnecessitated being. ~ Rebecca Goldstein,
548:My friends scoffed at my anxiety and said dumb things like, 'Fifty is the new forty!' Which just made me realize that there are a whole lot of other people who suck at math as bad as I do. No. Fifty is fifty. ~ Celia Rivenbark,
549:Being forced to sit between my mortal enemy and my ex-girlfriend every afternoon made seventh-period math feel like my own private Kobayashi Maru, a brutal no-win scenario designed to test my emotional fortitude. ~ Ernest Cline,
550:He rolled his eyes. "First, my Dad's Korean and my mom was Swedish. Second, I totally suck at math. I don't like cuckoo clocks or skiing or fancy chocolate either." I sputtered a laugh. "I think that's Swiss. ~ Kelley Armstrong,
551:In addition to giving our children the science and math skills they need to compete in the new global context, we should also encourage the ability to think creatively that comes from a meaningful arts education. ~ Barack Obama,
552:I'd always been the confident guy in school. I was good in math and English, but I was still shy. I couldn't get up and speak in front of people. I was asked to do it when I was 10 years old and I burst out crying. ~ Chris Vance,
553:The best way to be appreciative for your life is to live it; don't die for any other reason but love. Dreams are what guide us, art is what defines us, math is makes it all possible, and love is what lights our way. ~ Mike Norton,
554:Writing is so wrapped up in ego, but with math one is just trying to get it right, although you're often wrong. I think math helped me become a good critic of myself, come at writing a little less personally. ~ Bonnie Jo Campbell,
555:a 1997 Boston Globe article notes that “several new studies highlight the problems boys have in reading and writing, showing that they are far worse than the well-advertised problems for girls in math and science ~ Geoffrey Canada,
556:He rolled his eyes. "First, my Dad's Korean and my mom was Swedish. Second, I totally suck at math. I don't like cuckoo clocks or skiing or fancy chocolate either."
I sputtered a laugh. "I think that's Swiss. ~ Kelley Armstrong,
557:I am insubstantial. A tangled, vaporous creature that lives in my brain, almost wholly imaginary. I can be here with him as easily as I can inhabit a sonnet or an organic molecule, or crawl inside a math problem. ~ Brenna Yovanoff,
558:And you’re overthinking things, Charming.  Do the math.  Naked, interested man, check.  Wet, willing woman, double check.  Now insert part A into slot B and we can move on to the engineering portion of our quiz today. ~ Jane Cousins,
559:Math was a two-part exam and I once didn't go for the second part. I knew I'd done so badly on the first it was hopeless. I re-took it about four or five times. I think I eventually got it by getting the top GCSE grade. ~ Rob Brydon,
560:The degree to which the arts are included in our educational curriculum is totally inadequate. The arts are just as important as math and science in an education and just as important as any other endeavour in our lives. ~ Ken Danby,
561:When I got to college, I was intending to study film. But I found that my brain was feeling mushy, so I took a few math classes. I started doing really well at them, and solving equations was this, like, drug rush. ~ Danica McKellar,
562:I never had a mind for math. I simply couldn't hold the formulas and numbers in my head. It was logic that made little sense to me. In my perception, the world wasn't a graph or formula or an equation. It was a story ~ Cheryl Strayed,
563:program and not. “It’s just like sports,” Dhuey said. “We do ability grouping early on in childhood. We have advanced reading groups and advanced math groups. So, early on, if we look at young kids, in kindergarten ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
564:The vast majority of us imagine ourselves as like literature people or math people. But the truth is that the massive processor known as the human brain is neither a literature organ or a math organ. It is both and more. ~ John Green,
565:you are a mirror
if you continue to starve yourself of love
you'll only meet people who'll starve you too
if you soak yourself in love
the universe will hand you those
who'll love you too
- a simple math ~ Rupi Kaur,
566:I didn't think that college math was for me. I didn't think I'd be able to hack it. And that perception of math not being for girls, not being for girls who see themselves as socially well adjusted has got to change. ~ Danica McKellar,
567:Learning is about much more than science and math. Doing theater, music, and art in school really helps children's minds grow because they're using different parts of their brains. Parents who care should insist on that. ~ Julie Taymor,
568:First of all, relationships might be built on trust, but they are also built on attraction. It's critical, it's chemical, it's animal. And it's one hundred percent required to make the rest of the math work out right. ~ Delancey Stewart,
569:That is the inescapable math of tragedy and the multiplication of grief. Too many good people die a little when they lose someone they love. One death begets two or twenty or one hundred. It's the same all over the world. ~ Ben Sherwood,
570:We've lost something that's been with us for so long, and something that drew a lot of us into mathematics. But perhaps that's always the way with math problems, and we just have to find new ones to capture our attention. ~ Andrew Wiles,
571:All over China, parents tell their children to stop complaining and to finish their quadratic equations and trigonometric functions because there are sixty-five million American kids going to bed with no math at all. ~ Michael Cunningham,
572:Anything we were studying in school, like math, or understanding somebody's behavior outside of school, kind of worked its way into something I could understand by way of a musical experience I'd had or something I'd heard. ~ Blake Mills,
573:i can't wrap my head around the fact
that i have to convince half the world's population
my body is not their bed
i am busy learning the consequences of womanhood
when i should be learning science and math instead ~ Rupi Kaur,
574:I do not intend to give you any homework - no difficult math questions, or anything like that, and conjugating English verbs is outside my sphere of interest. However, from time to time I'll give you a short assignment. ~ Jostein Gaarder,
575:Oh, and in case you don’t recognize me, since apparently waitressing here requires such a transformation, I’ll be the hot one doing math in her head.” I lean toward Ryder, my lips close to his ear. “No push-up bra necessary. ~ Eve Jagger,
576:People love to admit they have bad handwriting or that they can't do math. And they will readily admit to being awkward: 'I'm such a klutz!' But they will never admit to having a poor sense of humor or being a bad driver. ~ George Carlin,
577:but you know the minute I graduated high school I never looked at a single math problem again, right? I send everything with numbers on it to my accountant, or I make Michael deal with it.” “Great. Spoken like a true feminist, ~ Meg Cabot,
578:I’d never had a mind for math. I simply couldn’t hold the formulas and numbers in my head. It was a logic that made little sense to me. In my perception, the world wasn’t a graph or formula or an equation. It was a story. ~ Cheryl Strayed,
579:I'm a scientist. I find beauty in absolutes. I love the clarity of math, its unwavering dependability. Math will never say one thing and do another one. It will never harm you on purpose because its only purpose is truth. ~ Sylvain Neuvel,
580:What math concept do people find most counterintuitive? The idea that there is more than one kind of infinity. Or that, in a room with 23 randomly chosen people, the chance that two share a birthday is greater than 50 percent. ~ Anonymous,
581:What's all this whining about the environment? They're always talking about 'stop the clearcuts.' I mean do the math people. If we were out of trees then we wouldn't have any clearcuts to be complaining about now would we? ~ George W Bush,
582:Education happens to be something that all people, all cultures, need to embrace. Math, science, the words of the world. To be able to speak and be able to have clarity and to be able to think. Those are the greatest of gifts. ~ Bill Cosby,
583:Javel saw evil in those bright blue eyes, not malevolence but something much worse: an evil born of lack of self-awareness, an evil that didn’t know it was evil and therefore could justify anything. Evil that did the math. ~ Erika Johansen,
584:People will tell you that you have to know math to be a scientist, or physics or chemistry. They're wrong. ... What comes first is a question, and you're already there. It's not nearly as involved as people make it out to be. ~ Hope Jahren,
585:Pick up a fifth-grade math or rhetoric textbook from 1850 and you’ll see that the texts were pitched then on what would today be considered college level. The continuing cry for “basic skills” practice is a smoke screen ~ John Taylor Gatto,
586:whose students are willing to concentrate and sit still long enough and focus on answering every single question in an endless questionnaire are the same countries whose students do the best job of solving math problems. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
587:And you're a bad boy?" I asked.
Ollie's grin was contagious. "Oh, I'm a bad, bad boy."
Cam shot his friend a look. "Yeah, as in bad at spelling, math, english, cleaning up after yourself, talking to people, and I could go on. ~ J Lynn,
588:The governors of Oklahoma and South Carolina signed bills within the past week repealing the Common Core state standards, guidelines for children’s achievement in reading and math between kindergarten and high school graduation. ~ Anonymous,
589:From inside the elephant, the bird had sounded like it could convince a mountain to turn into a volcano. Now it sounded like her math teacher that one time he had tried to perform a cappella but had stepped on a Lego piece. ~ Roshani Chokshi,
590:I love acting. Acting is a true love of mine, acting and math. Although they are both creative, they use very different sides of your brain. And I love both. Acting is my first love, and that's my main career, it really is. ~ Danica McKellar,
591:I managed to mostly keep everything up to date between missions. Before I'd come on it had been a real mess. Apparently killing and math were mutually exclusive skill sets for most people, but I'd gotten the books cleaned up. ~ Larry Correia,
592:I suppose I felt doomed to be an artist early on because of the way I drew all over the books that I needed for school, from ancient history to math. I was more interested in drawing in the margins than actually doing the work. ~ Nancy Spero,
593:Then again, Einstein (pretty good at math) was also quite clear when he concluded, There are only two ways to live your life. One is as though nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle. ~ Amy Krouse Rosenthal,
594:Things happen. Things that physics and math and crap that gets measured in a lab can't explain. People aren't just laws and rules, Claire. They're... sparks. Sparks of something beautiful and huge. And some sparks glow brighter ~ Rachel Caine,
595:Before the math and the momentum overwhelm us all, we are going to solve this nation's economic problems. And I'm going to level with you: We don't have that much time. But if we are serious, and smart, and we lead, we can do this. ~ Paul Ryan,
596:But what is hard to understand is why the math and science gap launched a massive movement on behalf of girls, and yet a much larger gap in reading, writing, and school engagement created no comparable effort for boys. ~ Christina Hoff Sommers,
597:We actually have a candidate for the mind of God. The mind of God we believe is cosmic music, the music of strings resonating through 11 dimensional hyperspace. That is the mind of God. ~ Michio Kaku, Math is the Mind of God (29 December 2012),
598:Winning meant saving lives. Winning meant we survived. Winning meant the monsters died. It was simple math and anyone who didn’t understand that vampire hunting was just that simple wasn’t going to be very good at the job. ~ Laurell K Hamilton,
599:I feel like math and writing are the same thing. You're putting together a lot of complex things to satisfy different requirements. It's got to be aesthetically pleasing; it's got to have subtext; it's got to convey information. ~ Shane Carruth,
600:Math can explain the reason there’s a one out of four chance that I’d have blue eyes. But it doesn’t explain why me. And science or math can’t explain what makes one person lucky, or what makes a person lucky enough to survive. ~ Heidi W Durrow,
601:If your parents are billionaires, that might actually be an obstacle to your own happiness and self-development. If you go to Oxford or Harvard, that might actually thwart your desire to graduate with a science or math degree. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
602:You have six math Ph.D. Caucasian gentlemen from the Northeast of the country, great. You put one more in the mix, you haven't added much. It's only when you add something different that you really are able to accomplish more. ~ Sallie Krawcheck,
603:It’s unbelievable today, but there was a time when the government classed crypto as a munition and made it illegal for anyone to export or use it on national security grounds. Get that? We used to have illegal math in this country. ~ Cory Doctorow,
604:Those of us who teach math should try to turn this bug into a feature. We should be up front about the fact that word problems force us to make simplifying assumptions. That’s a valuable skill—it’s called mathematical modeling. ~ Steven H Strogatz,
605:If you've got a dollar and you spend 29 cents on a loaf of bread, you've got 71 cents left; But if you've got seventeen grand and you spend 29 cents on a loaf of bread, you've still got seventeen grand. There's a math lesson for you. ~ Steve Martin,
606:I was talking to a homeless man at the laundry mat recently, and he said that when we reduce Christian spirituality to math we defile the Holy. I thought that was very beautiful and comforting because I have never been good at math. ~ Donald Miller,
607:Math is supremely important. Do you know how important it is…” and then proceeds to lecture on about the importance of math in life until her children beg her to stop because they would rather just do the math than listen to her. ~ Maya Thiagarajan,
608:My message is: You don't have to give up being popular, fun, or fashionable in order to be smart; they can go hand and hand. Doing math is a great way to exercise your brain; being smart is going to make you more powerful in life. ~ Danica McKellar,
609:Interestingly, the only class that Eric actually enjoyed in Korea was math. He noticed it on his first day of school. Something was very different about how math was taught in Korea. Something that not even Minnesota had figured out. ~ Amanda Ripley,
610:I've actually become much, much dumber through being married and having these children. I find that I'm not half as sharp that I once was. I can't even help them with their 4th and 5th grade vocabulary and math work at this point. ~ Patrick Warburton,
611:Scientific research and other studies have demonstrated that arts education can enhance American students' math and language skills and improve test scores which in turn increase chances of higher education and good jobs in the future. ~ Thad Cochran,
612:The real work of us mathematicians, from now until, roughly, fifty years from now, when computers won't need us anymore, is to make the transition from human-centric math to machine-centric math as smooth and efficient as possible. ~ Doron Zeilberger,
613:To say that math is important because it is useful is like saying that children are important because we can train them to do spiritually meaningless labor in order to increase corporate profits. Or is that in fact what we are saying? ~ Paul Lockhart,
614:Teaching kids how to nourish their creativity and curiosity, while still providing a sound foundation in critical thinking, literacy and math, is the best way to prepare them for a future of increasingly rapid technological change. ~ Peter H Diamandis,
615:What are the chances you’d ever meet someone like that? he wondered. Someone you could love forever, someone who would forever love you back? And what did you do when that person was born half a world away? The math seemed impossible. ~ Rainbow Rowell,
616:Half the time he felt entirely out of control. Half the time he threw up walls out of fear. And half the time he opted out of life before anyone had the chance to discard him. No matter that the math didn’t add up, it was just how he felt. ~ Laura Kaye,
617:In physics, your solution should convince a reasonable person. In math, you have to convince a person who's trying to make trouble. Ultimately, in physics, you're hoping to convince Nature. And I've found Nature to be pretty reasonable. ~ Frank Wilczek,
618:Why don’t high school math teachers ever come up with cool problems like this? If a 150-pound Irish wolfhound launches himself at seventeen miles per hour at a 250-pound draugr, will that dead motherfucker go down? The answer is Hel yes. ~ Kevin Hearne,
619:I actually don't believe that everybody should necessarily try to learn to code. I think it's reasonably specialized, and nobody really expects most people to have to do it. It's not like knowing how to read and write and do basic math. ~ Linus Torvalds,
620:I hadn’t spoken to Rick in nine years.” “Nine years,” I repeated. “That would be right around the time we met.” She looked at me. “Don’t be dazzled by my mathematical prowess,” I said. “Math is one of my hidden talents. I try not to brag. ~ Harlan Coben,
621:This phrase did not have the ring of verisimilitude because I am famously bad at math. If I'm in charge of tipping at a restaurant, the waiter will either fall to his knees in gratitude or slash my tires. There ain't no Mr. In Between. ~ Celia Rivenbark,
622:Bast had insisted we keep everyone up-to-speed on the regular subjects like math and reading, although she did sometimes add her own elective courses, such as Advanced Cat Grooming, or Napping. There was a waiting list to get into Napping. ~ Rick Riordan,
623:But I've been in so much trouble. I threw an apple at Lea's face. I fought guards. I cheated on my trig exam."
Aiden looked at me, frowning. "You cheated on your math exam?"
"Uh, forget that. Anyway, wow, I'm just surprised. ~ Jennifer L Armentrout,
624:Every three days, I’d wake up, look at calendar, eat, drink, bathe, et cetera. I would only spend one hour awake each time. I did the math: for the next four months, 120 days total. I would spend only fourth hours in a conscious state. ~ Ottessa Moshfegh,
625:The President's call for more math and science students is not being heeded by his party's leaders in Congress. They are cutting over $10 billion from student aide while refusing to fully fund No Child Left Behind. Something doesn't add up. ~ Jim Clyburn,
626:The South Carolina Education Oversight Committee found that the new South Carolina math standards were 92 percent in alignment with the content of the Common Core. In other words, the math they’re asking students to learn is largely the same. ~ Anonymous,
627:Success comes from hard work and the accumulation of small numbers. Unlike yesterday, today’s prosperity can bloom from continuous intelligent production. For the first time in history, life as a full-time writer has become about simple math. ~ Sean Platt,
628:The green fractals of the forest and the eons of faint star clusters above—my math’s teacher’s order in the universe—were nothing like the thoughts that jumped at me like thieves. When your friend has a boyfriend, you are supposed to back off. ~ Anya Allyn,
629:They found Mr. Jesse in a boat?" I asked. "I'm wondering if maybe he just up and died. Maybe there ain't no murder. Like the fish weren't biting and he died of boredom. It happens. Boredom kills. I've had close brushes myself, during math. ~ Sheila Turnage,
630:And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive” (Math. 21:22). “Therefore I say unto you, what things soever ye desire, when ye pray, believe that ye receive them, and ye shall have them” (Mark 11:24). ~ Florence Scovel Shinn,
631:Comedy is like math - you can check your answer because you know you've gotten it right if you get a laugh. It just makes sense to me. I feel like because I've had to keep that tool in my box for so long, I'm ready to show it off a bit. ~ Jennifer Carpenter,
632:I think that great programming is not all that dissimilar to great art. Once you start thinking in concepts of programming it makes you a better person...as does learning a foreign language, as does learning math, as does learning how to read. ~ Jack Dorsey,
633:Music rhythms are mathematical patterns. When you hear a song and your body starts moving with it, your body is doing math. The kids in their parents' garage practicing to be a band may not realize it, but they're also practicing math. ~ Kareem Abdul Jabbar,
634:Children need far more than basic skills in reading, writing, and math, as important as those might be. Children also need to learn how to think for themselves, how to find meaning in what they learn, and how to work and live together. ~ Marshall B Rosenberg,
635:Environment-based education produces student gains in social studies, science, language arts, and math; improves standardized test scores and grade-point averages; and develops skills in problem-solving, critical thinking, and decision-making. ~ Richard Louv,
636:Is it not enough that species after species on this earth fades into extinction at a rate of one per minute?" I did some math. "That means every species on your planet would be extinct in ninety-six years. When did you start counting? ~ Karina Lumbert Fabian,
637:I don't believe that math and nature respond to democracy. Just because very clever people have rejected the role of the infinite, their collective opinions, however weighty, won't persuade mother nature to alter her ways. Nature is never wrong. ~ Janna Levin,
638:Or an amicable pair,” said Sam. “Sorry?” “In math, that’s what we call two numbers each of which is equal to the sum of the divisors of the other. The smallest ones, 220 and 284, were regarded by the Pythagoreans as symbols of true friendship. ~ Reginald Hill,
639:We spend more per pupil than any other country, but among industrialized nations, American students rank near the bottom in science and math. Only 13 percent of high school seniors know what high school seniors should know about American history. ~ Glenn Beck,
640:Art saved my life in two ways. It made me feel special, because I could do things my friends couldn't, but it also gave me a way to demonstrate to my teacher that, despite the fact that I couldn't write a paper or do math, I was paying attention. ~ Chuck Close,
641:I always loved science and math growing up. I was born in Iran; I grew up there and then came to the United States when I was about 16 years old. And I thought that this was my opportunity to get involved with something really cool and great. ~ Anousheh Ansari,
642:The idea here, of course, is, you know, mathematics is the language of science, it's the way that we understand the natural world. And there's definitely been a push to sort of study advanced math and kind of reawaken the love of advanced math. ~ Anya Kamenetz,
643:You’re probably better at math than I am, because pretty much everyone’s better at math than I am, but it’s okay, I’m fine with it. See, I excel at other, more important things—guitar, sex, and consistently disappointing my dad, to name a few. ~ Jennifer Niven,
644:I use minimal software to make my music - a wav editor and a calculator for my beats to make sure everything falls on mathematical precision. If you were just mapping this out visually, it works by math. I guess it's slightly engineering influenced. ~ Girl Talk,
645:Speaking of human computers, there is a guy named Art Benjamin, he's a human calculator. He says it's a skill he learned as a kid. Now he's a math professor at Harvey Mudd. He can find the square root of a six digit number in a few seconds. Practice. ~ Bill Nye,
646:As processor speeds and shared processors create cheap unlimited processing power we will be able to turn our bodies into a math equation that can be crossed against the properties of medicine and nature to create medicine unique to each individual. ~ Mark Cuban,
647:It was gonna be a race [2016] that set a foundation for the Left in the future. But given the math, I didn't think he was gonna make it. And so I started to shift to Hillary [Clinton] and to discussions of the platform and discussions of what to do. ~ Tom Hayden,
648:So many people think that social studies and weird lessons in social studies, teaching kids in America are bad, is it the result of Common Core? And it's not. It's not. Common Core does not deal with social studies. It's basically writing and math. ~ Megyn Kelly,
649:... suddenly I was a kid in the hall standing outside my locker about to head to Math. But that was how it went sometimes, the English language, when you really needed it, crumbled to clay in your mouth. That's when all the real things were said. ~ Marisha Pessl,
650:Dum walks backwards, talking to us. “We’re going back to high school where our survival instincts are at their finest.”

“If you get the urge to graffiti the walls or beat up your old math teacher,” says Dee, “do it where the birds can’t see you. ~ Susan Ee,
651:... You get surreal numbers by playing games. I used to feel guilty in Cambridge that I spent all day playing games, while I was supposed to be doing mathematics. Then, when I discovered surreal numbers, I realized that playing games IS math. ~ John Horton Conway,
652:I want to help middle-school girls stay interested in math and be good at it, and see it as friendly and accessible and not this scary thing. Everyone else in society tells them it's not for them. It's for nerdy white guys with pocket protectors. ~ Danica McKellar,
653:I was never as focused in math, science, computer science, etcetera, as the people who were best at it. I wanted to create amazing screensavers that did beautiful visualizations of music. It's like, "Oh, I have to learn computer science to do that." ~ Kevin Systrom,
654:Get your math book out. We're gonna cure this case of the stupids', he said as he sat down next to me on my bed, pointing at a stack of books underneath a pile of my dirty clothes. 'Jesus, open a window, it smells like death shit in here', he added. ~ Justin Halpern,
655:Pierce bites his knuckle and leans forward, forcing me out of my head. “Do you have any idea how sexy that is?” “You think it’s sexy that I can do math in my head?” “Yes. You’re gorgeous, outspoken, and intelligent. It’s a hard-on-inducing trifecta. ~ Helena Hunting,
656:Research and development needs permanent tax credits to build the technology that spurs our growth. But no government programs alone can get America's students to study more science and math parents must push and help their children to meet this goal. ~ Ernest Istook,
657:the Asian mothers I spoke with all reiterated the importance of “study routines” or “study schedules.” If children assume that they will have to do supplementary math every Saturday morning, then they will accept it as part of their weekly routine. ~ Maya Thiagarajan,
658:A strip club is one of the few places where two groups voluntarily come together who have such precipitous contrasts in net worth and familiarity with violence, each group with a head-and-shoulders edge in one category. The basic math of a tropical storm. ~ Tim Dorsey,
659:by the boats in the harbor. What else would you like to know?” “You plan to keep him tomorrow night?” “I get thirty-six hours, once a month. That’s 9:00 a.m. tomorrow until 9:00 p.m. Sunday. Do the math. It’s not that complicated.” The waiter pops in to ~ John Grisham,
660:In high school, a teacher once suggested that I be a math major in college. I thought, 'Me? You've got to be joking!' I mean, in junior high, I used to come home and cry because I was so afraid of my math homework. Seriously, I was terrified of math. ~ Danica McKellar,
661:My main concern with the condition of mathematics in high school is that there's a lot of fear involved! Math is not, generally speaking, presented in a fun way. The concepts, as I see them, are fun, and that's the way I'd like to convey them myself. ~ Danica McKellar,
662:I've been staying after school getting help in trig from Laura Johnson. Shit, it's just school work. And it's fucking Laura, granny panties, Johnson! It's not like I've been secretly banging her as she whispers math problems in my ear or something. ~ A Meredith Walters,
663:Learning improves in school environments where there are comprehensive music and arts programs. They increase the ability of young people to do math. They increase the ability of young people to read. And most important of all, they're a lot of fun. ~ William J Clinton,
664:Mathematically, maybe,” I said. “But trust isn’t one of those things that lends itself well to math.” “Sure it does,” Bob said. “You trust somebody, they betray you, you get a negative value. You never trust, they can never disappoint you, you break even. ~ Jim Butcher,
665:Forcing your spouse to stop doing that bad habit that drives you crazy, or making your kid be better at math or at art or at swimming, or making your parents or your in-laws not be annoying in the way that they're annoying, these are sometimes doomed goals. ~ Ian Bogost,
666:In fact, people who are extremely adept at mental tasks that demand cognitive control and a roaring working memory—like solving complex math problems—can struggle with creative insights if they have trouble switching off their fully concentrated focus.5 ~ Daniel Goleman,
667:I tend to jot down moments, lines, interactions that don't really make any sense. I try and explain these scattered notes to my close friends, and they become more and more logical. I see screenwriting as a bit like a math equation which I have to solve. ~ Asghar Farhadi,
668:It is this breathtaking image [of] success that motivates us and motivates kids to follow and understand rocket science: to understand the importance of physics and math and, in many ways, to have that awe at exploration of the frontiers of the unknown. ~ Steve Jurvetson,
669:As Einstein once wrote (more ringingly in German than in this English translation by one of us [DG]) to honor Isaac Newton: Look unto the stars to teach us How the master’s thoughts can reach us Each one follows Newton’s math Silently along its path. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
670:In Korea, math moved fluidly. When the teacher asked questions, the kids answered as if math were a language that they knew by heart. As in Tom’s class in Poland, calculators weren’t allowed, so kids had learned mental tricks to manipulate numbers quickly. ~ Amanda Ripley,
671:Memorizing multiplication tables may be a seminal school experience, among the few that kids today share with their grandparents. But a Stanford University professor says rapid-fire math drills are also the reason so many children fear and despise the subject. ~ Anonymous,
672:Well, I had a lot of help from my father with the soldering and so on, and he was very good at math and was fascinated with computers, and so I was fortunate enough to have a bunch of exposure going all the way back to high school - this was in the 1960s. ~ Mitchell Kapor,
673:Albert Einstein had Max Talmud, his first mentor. It was Max who introduced a ten-year-old Einstein to key texts in math, science, and philosophy. Max took one meal a week with the Einstein family for six years while guiding young Albert. No one is self-made. ~ Gary Keller,
674:First of all, as you know, there are two kinds of people in the world: those who divide everyone into two kinds of people and those who don’t. But actually, there are three kinds of people in the world: those who are good at math and those who aren’t. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
675:I enjoyed mathematics from a very young age. At the beginning of college, I had this illusion, which was kind of silly in retrospect, that if I just understood math and physics and philosophy, I could figure out everything else from first principles. ~ Erez Lieberman Aiden,
676:Saying no”, argues the author Kevin Ashton, “has more creative power than ideas, insights and talent combined. No guards time, the thread from which we weave our creations. The math of time is simple: you have less than you think and need more than you know. ~ Kevin Ashton,
677:Statistical malfeasance has very little to do with bad math. Judgement an integrity turn out to be surprisingly important. A detailed knowledge of statistics does not deter wrongdoing any more than a detailed knowledge of the law averts criminal behavior. ~ Charles Wheelan,
678:With political messaging, as with most WMDs [Weapons for Math Destruction], the heart of the problem is almost always the objective. Change that objective from leeching off people to helping them, and a WMD is disarmed -- and can even become a force for good. ~ Cathy O Neil,
679:Andrew’s kissing Amanda again, her back pinned against the door frame, his hands working through a geometry problem where the goal is to find the point of intersection where two legs bisect. People would like math so much more if it involved real life like that. ~ Julia Kent,
680:I stopped in my tracks. Looking bemused, Alaric did the same. “What year did we go to block-by-block private cell towers? Anybody know?” “Uh… two thousand twenty,” said Alaric, after a long pause to do the math inside his head. “I remember when they put ours in. ~ Mira Grant,
681:Testing may convincingly demonstrate the presence of bugs, but can never demonstrate their absence."- Edsger W. Dijkstra, Computing Pioneer (1930–2002), "Programming as a discipline of mathematical nature," Am. Math. Monthly, 81 (1974), No. 6, pp. 608–12. ~ Gerald M Weinberg,
682:At one point I wanted to work for NASA and be an astrophysicist, so I did physics, math, and chemistry before realizing I probably wasn't quite smart enough to do that. But I am still hugely interested in cosmology and astrophysics. That is my geeky subject area. ~ Gemma Chan,
683:People expect the math to be simplified, but I want to surprise them right from the start. When the brain gets lost, it doesn't stop working. It tries to makes sense of things. It begins to speculate and guess, and that's when things open up. That's exciting. ~ Simon McBurney,
684:When I was growing up, no one ever said to me, "You cannot do math because you're a girl." But, there was an understanding growing up that math and science were for boys. Somebody lied to me because Katherine Johnson woman exists, all of these women existed. ~ Taraji P Henson,
685:Because the math is, if you - 5 percent of a million is a lot more than 5 percent of a thousand. So yeah, someone who makes more money, numerically, it's gonna be higher. But the greatest gains, percentage-wise, for people, are gonna be at the lower end of our plan. ~ Ted Cruz,
686:I'm skipping, but Cam doesn't have a class until this afternoon, so he's a good boy."
"And your a bad boy?"
"Oh, I'm a bad, bad boy."
"Yeah, as in bad at spelling, math, english, cleaning up after yourself, talking to people, and I could go on. ~ Jennifer L Armentrout,
687:I recognize that I have a unique position to be a role model to young girls because I am doing something that they consider glamorous, which is acting, and yet I took a time to really get my education and study mathematics, and I think math is the cat's meow. ~ Danica McKellar,
688:I tell students that even if they don't like math right now, they can use math as a brain-sharpening tool - a tool that not only builds the foundation for a great career, but that also builds self-confidence, no matter what they choose to do with their lives. ~ Danica McKellar,
689:Like I realize that this is irrational,but when they tell you that you have,say,a 20 percent chance of living five years, the math kicks in and you figure that's one in five...so you look around and think,as any person would:I gotta outlast four of these bastards. ~ John Green,
690:One of the most amazing things about mathematics is the people who do math aren't usually interested in application, because mathematics itself is truly a beautiful art form. It's structures and patterns, and that's what we love, and that's what we get off on. ~ Danica McKellar,
691:tutor in the computer lab. Claire was an art history major. She had never been good at math. Or at least she’d never tried to be, which was the same thing. She could vividly remember the first time she’d sat down with Paul and gone over one of her assignments. ~ Karin Slaughter,
692:When you do the math and examine how much energy is produced per atomic union, you find that fusing anything to iron’s twenty-six protons costs energy. That means post-ferric fusion* does an energy-hungry star no good. Iron is the final peal of a star’s natural life. ~ Sam Kean,
693:Why haven't we fixed sick yet? You scientists there-- put down those starfish and HELP us. I hereby demand that all the people who are good at math make the world free of illness. The rest of us will write you epic poems and staple them together into a booklet. ~ Daniel Handler,
694:I mean can you walk to school on your own? Can you study science? Can you study math? Can you go to a normal school? Do you need to go to a special school? What is going to become of you when you grow up? Are you going to have to live on social security and SSI? ~ Sheena Iyengar,
695:What destroys more self-confidence than any other educational thing in America is being assigned to some remedial math when you get into some college, and then it's not taught very well and you end up with this sense of, 'Hey, I can't really figure those things out.' ~ Bill Gates,
696:Math-thinking, I would say, encourages flipping and substituting letters in words (in the novel, one of the boys double-majors in math and myth, for example, and his twin cracks a joke about the father's handwriting that morphs "cacography" into "dadography"). ~ Mary Kay Zuravleff,
697:My father was really good with math. It's a funny thing, I don't remember my father or my mother being so mechanical-minded. My father always wanted to be a doctor, but he came from a really poor family in Georgia, and there was no way he was going to be a doctor. ~ Herbie Hancock,
698:Rachel bit her lip. "I hope you're right. I'm a little worried. What if someone asks what's on the next math test and I start spouting a prophecy in the middle of geometry class? The Pythagorean theorem shall be problem two...Gods, that would be embarrassing. ~ Rick Riordan,
699:Some advice: keep the flame of curiosity and wonderment alive, even when studying for boring exams. That is the well from which we scientists draw our nourishment and energy. And also, learn the math. Math is the language of nature, so we have to learn this language. ~ Michio Kaku,
700:True,” Adam said. “But I can read numbers, Bob. Logan’s overall score was a six-point-seven. Jimmy only has a score of six-point-four. Even with today’s new math, six-point-seven is greater than six-point-four. I can show you with a graph if that would help.” Gaston ~ Harlan Coben,
701:They come in here every once in a while, and she goes to one corner and he goes to the other, and then they move around the store creating parabolas as they come together and bounce apart. They're the weirdest couple on Earth. I want to write math equations about them. ~ Sandy Hall,
702:Here's an uplifting story. Congratulations to the Little League team from Huntington Beach, California. Yeah, they beat Japan to win the Little League World Series. That's pretty good. See, that proves that when math and science aren't involved, our kids can beat anybody. ~ Jay Leno,
703:We believed we could prepare our kids for a more competitive world. And today, our younger students have earned the highest math and reading scores on record. Our high school graduation rate has hit an all-time high. And more Americans finish college than ever before. ~ Barack Obama,
704:This is the way it was in Yates County. Bald Girls. Wild boys formed from math. Geniuses all around, just waiting to be discovered, or waiting to rot in trailers behind their parents' barns, die penniless, mourned only by the Amish from whom they bought all those eggs. ~ Lydia Netzer,
705:Ada’s ability to appreciate the beauty of mathematics is a gift that eludes many people, including some who think of themselves as intellectual. She realized that math was a lovely language, one that describes the harmonies of the universe and can be poetic at times. ~ Walter Isaacson,
706:I don't know anything about making movies. I'd never been on a film set. I'm really kind of an idiot when it comes to figuring out where objects are in space. If they're both moving, I can't do the math. If you ever see me driving down a road, go somewhere else quickly. ~ Tony Kushner,
707:Indeed, there is something to be said for the old math when taught by a poorly trained teacher. He can, at least, get across the fundamental rules of calculation without too much confusion. The same teacher trying to teach new math is apt to get across nothing at all. ~ Martin Gardner,
708:Studies show that even a brief connection with a role model can vastly increase unconscious motivation. For example, being told that you share a birthday with a mathematician can improve the amount of effort you’re willing to put into difficult math tasks by 62 percent. ~ Daniel Coyle,
709:Dad claims that library science is the foundation of all sciences just as math is the key -- and we will survive or founder, depending on how well the librarians do their jobs. Librarians didn't look glamorous to me but maybe Dad had hit on a not very obvious truth. ~ Robert A Heinlein,
710:Is it any wonder that the cultural archetype of my generation is the Nerd, whose apps and gadgets symbolize the hope of economic growth? “The best minds of my generation are thinking about how to make people click ads,” a former math whiz at Facebook recently lamented. ~ Rutger Bregman,
711:Math held out a hand for James to grasp, and James jumped down onto the roof of the bus, landing with a thunk. Math caught his arm to steady him, not wanting him to slip on the wet surface. “James!” Callum poked his head through the trap door. “What are you doing here? ~ Sarah Woodbury,
712:In most countries, attending some kind of early childhood program (i.e., preschool or prekindergarten) led to real and lasting benefits. On average, kids who did so for more than a year scored much higher in math by age fifteen (more than a year ahead of other students). ~ Amanda Ripley,
713:twenty-five poorest countries already spend twenty percent of their GDP on water. This twenty percent, about thirty cents, ain’t much, but do the math again: four billion people spending thirty cents a day is a $1.2 billion market every day. It’s $400 billion a year. ~ Peter H Diamandis,
714:I had become a bridge between the natural world and the human one. I fit into both places and belonged to neither. Half of my heart lived with the wild wolves, the other half lived with my family.

In case you cannot do the math: no one can survive with half a heart. ~ Jodi Picoult,
715:I'm always interested in understanding the math of things and understanding as much as I can about all aspects of business. And what I learn today may be useful to me two years from now. That's really the wonderful thing about investments is your knowledge is cumulative. ~ Warren Buffett,
716:I smiled. Mom laughed, shaking her head. “That’s the punchline? Why is that even funny?” “It’s the Pythagorean theorem,” said Lauren. “It’s a math formula for . . . something.” “Right triangles,” I said, and looked pointedly at Margaret. “I told you I’d already done geometry. ~ Dan Wells,
717:I went home every night to New Jersey - or most nights - and to help with the six-grade math homework or to make breakfast in the morning, just to make sure that that was there. When I was single and didn't have children, I used to laugh at this notion of quality time. ~ Kellyanne Conway,
718:But in psychology our goal is descriptive. We want to discover how the moral mind actually works, not how it ought to work, and that can’t be done by reasoning, math, or logic. It can be done only by observation, and observation is usually keener when informed by empathy. ~ Jonathan Haidt,
719:Love. You can learn all the math in the ’verse, but you take a boat in the air you don’t love, she’ll shake you off just as sure as the turning of worlds. Love keeps her in the air when she oughtta fall down, tells you she’s hurting ’fore she keens. Makes her a home. ~ Keith R A DeCandido,
720:When I was younger, I loved math. Everything about math. But in school, math now has letters. Like what does x equal? There are also long stories with characters, and although the story is supposed to end with some number, all the words block my path to getting there. ~ Lynda Mullaly Hunt,
721:I failed math twice, never fully grasping probability theory. I mean, first off, who cares if you pick a black ball or a white ball out of the bag? And second, if you’re bent over about the color, don’t leave it to chance. Look in the damn bag and pick the color you want. ~ Janet Evanovich,
722:It doesn’t include math or logic, nor does it address issues of judgment, such as aesthetics or morality. Science has a simple goal: to figure out what the world actually is. Not all the possible ways it could be, nor the particular way it should be. Just what it is. There’s ~ Sean Carroll,
723:Logic leaves us no choice. In that sense, math always involves both invention and discovery: we invent the concepts but discover their consequences. … in mathematics our freedom lies in the questions we ask – and in how we pursue them – but not in the answers awaiting us. ~ Steven Strogatz,
724:The folks who invented Lent—no, it wasn’t Jesus’s idea—decided that just like Christ’s time in the desert, it should last forty days. Actually, from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday it’s forty-six days, so it looks like the first thing someone ever gave up for Lent was math. ~ Jenny McCarthy,
725:I'm not a plumber who accidentally blew up or a math professor who accidentally backed into notoriety. I have a master's from Yale drama, and I auditioned for this. So obviously I want to be in the limelight in some capacity, or I want to be in entertainment in some capacity. ~ Adam Richman,
726:I had done quite a bit of research about math education when I spoke before Congress in 2000 about the importance of women in mathematics. The session of Congress was all about raising more scholarships for girls in college. I told them I felt that it's too late by college. ~ Danica McKellar,
727:Several do math on their fingers. Then they raise their hands as one. “Can we see it?” “No.” “Not even open the first door?” “No.” “Have you seen it?” “I have not.” “So how do you know it’s really there?” “You have to believe the story.” “How much is it worth, Monsieur? Could ~ Anthony Doerr,
728:And what is a marriage except adding A to B and hoping it equals an amount greater than the sum of its parts? Briefly, the promise of a new life almost made the math work. Except A was still A, and B was still B. We could create a new life, but we couldn’t stop being ourselves. ~ Lisa Gardner,
729:I am not concerned about proving anything to any other discipline outside the scope of math itself where my function lies nowadays; and when it comes to my own statements that I have built on top of numbers, they are restricted to my own context, hence, the quoting cladding. ~ Ibrahim Ibrahim,
730:I never got a pass mark in math... Just imagine - mathematicians now use my prints to illustrate their books. Funny me consorting with all these learned folks, as though I were their long lost brother. I guess they are unaware of the fact that I am ignorant about the whole thing. ~ M C Escher,
731:When I cook with my son, I might chop vegetables and have fun with different shapes. Cooking is a way to teach kids about other things, like reading or math with all of the weights and measures. There are so many things that are part of cooking that are also very educational. ~ Emeril Lagasse,
732:I think math is a hugely creative field, because there are some very well-defined operations that you have to work within. You are, in a sense, straightjacketed by the rules of the mathematics. But within that constrained environment, it's up to you what you do with the symbols. ~ Brian Greene,
733:Play with your dolls for not more than half an hour, no more than fifteen minutes, no more than a second, a millisecond. If you learned math as fast as you ran outside to play, then you might be a genius. But you do not and you are not. You're a hole where knowledge goes to sleep. ~ Weike Wang,
734:I think there are dozens or hundreds of different forms of creativity. Pondering science and math problems for years is different from improvising jazz. Something which seems to me remarkable is how unconscious the creative process is. You encounter a problem, but can't solve it. ~ Oliver Sacks,
735:I think we need more math majors who don't become mathematicians. More math major doctors, more math major high school teachers, more math major CEOs, more math major senators. But we won't get there unless we dump the stereotype that math is only worthwhile for kid geniuses. ~ Jordan Ellenberg,
736:Casey, I want to be polite and present myself as decent. I know the math of regret and nostalgia. The potency of your touch times the distance between that touch and today determines the intensity of my desperation. I regret leaving you, and I’m disappointed you let me go. ~ Terese Marie Mailhot,
737:Sure, go ahead.” Calvin fished in his pocket and pulled out a wad of folded paper. “As a matter of fact, I have some junk of mine to finish up. Math. That’s one thing I have a hard time keeping up in. I’m okay on anything to do with words, but I don’t do as well with numbers. ~ Madeleine L Engle,
738:Do you mean ter tell me," he growled at the Dursleys, "that this boy—this boy!—knows nothin' abou'—about ANYTHING?" Harry thought this was going a bit far. He had been to school, after all, and his marks weren't bad. I know some things," he said. "I can, you know, do math and stuff. ~ J K Rowling,
739:I’ve got space to brake on the inside,” Dana said. “And about thirty seconds to make it through the gap. Which is a kilometer and a half long. You do the math. I’m doing this by the seat of my pants.” “My math brain just went to bed and pulled the cover over his head,” Hartwell said. ~ John Ringo,
740:So you're not going to die, are you?" she [Astor] asked politely.

"Not yet," I said. "Not until after you do your homework."

She nodded, glanced toward the kitchen, and said, "I hate math." Then she wandered away down the hall, presumably to hate math at closer range. ~ Jeff Lindsay,
741:Dad claims that library science is the foundation of all sciences just
as math is the key -- and we will survive or founder, depending on how
well the librarians do their jobs. Librarians didn't look glamorous to
me but maybe Dad had hit on a not very obvious truth. ~ Robert A Heinlein,
742:I hate the idea that, when it comes to books and learning, hard is often seen as the opposite of fun. It's strange to me that we should be so quick to give up on a book or a math problem when we are so willing to grapple, for centuries if necessary, with a single level of Angry Birds. ~ John Green,
743:By now, at age thirty-three, comparing myself to my mother had become an increasingly unnerving habit. Every year I’d do the math, calculating where I was in relation to where she’d been, and then, on the prediction that I’d also die when she had, figure out how many years I had left. ~ Kate Bolick,
744:I was working at Kentucky Fried Chicken when my math teacher said, "You're failing in school, you're messing up, why don't you just try this?" I said, "Alright, let me try it," and I started going to acting classes and I loved it. I thought, "I may not make it but I love doing it." ~ John Leguizamo,
745:If you want me to fix your homework, you need to leave me alone.” Then he spotted her. “You’re back.”
“Yeah.” She glanced between him and Gabriel. “You do his homework?”
“Just the math. It’s a miracle he can count to ten.”
“I can count to one.” Gabriel gave him the finger. ~ Brigid Kemmerer,
746:Math is “maths,” an elevator is a “lift,” a truck is a “lorry,” a flashlight is a “torch,” and “crisps” are what they call potato chips, while “chips” over here means French fries. Just as riding the double-decker buses thrills me, I get a thrill out of hearing people talk. ~ Heather Vogel Frederick,
747:The Tour (de France) is essentially a math problem, a 2,000-mile race over three weeks that's sometimes won by a margin of a minute or less. How do you propel yourself through space on a bicycle, sometimes steeply uphill, at a speed sustainable for three weeks? Every second counts. ~ Lance Armstrong,
748:I'm a good example of wanting to apologize only for my precise share of a problem--as I calculate it, of course--and I expect my husband Steve to apologize for his share, also as I calculate it. Since we're not always of one mind on the math, it can lead to the theater of the absurd. ~ Harriet Lerner,
749:The Dean’s complaining to his Faculty. “Why do you scientists need such expensive equipment? Why can’t you be like the Math Department, which only needs a blackboard and a wastepaper basket? Better still, like the Department of Philosophy. That doesn’t even need a wastepaper basket… ~ Arthur C Clarke,
750:In ninth grade, I came up with a new form of rebellion. I hadn't been getting good grades, but I decided to get all A's without taking a book home. I didn't go to math class, because I knew enough and had read ahead, and I placed within the top 10 people in the nation on an aptitude exam. ~ Bill Gates,
751:Math is discovered. To be invented requires an inventor, but math exists outside of humanity. But ultimately, the laws of the universe will be reduced down to a single equation, perhaps no more than one inch long. But leaves the final question, where did that one inch equation come from? ~ Michio Kaku,
752:Why is it that there was always a unit on history, math, science and god knows what other useless, totally forgettable information you taught those seventh graders year after year, but never any unit on death? No exercises, no workbooks, no final exams on the only subject that matters? ~ Nicole Krauss,
753:A lot of young girls don't realise how diverse the career opportunities are in games development. Many think that you need elite math skills and a vast knowledge of all things tech to work in games, and haven't thought about avenues like design, producing, art, writing or composing. ~ Rhianna Pratchett,
754:At this point, scientists have identified over 300 specific genes that play a direct role in mental retardation. That link between genes and intelligence is pretty clear. However, scientists have not found a gene for A-level math ability or a gene for having a “natural ear for languages. ~ Hunter Maats,
755:Drest had made a careful study of the Discordian philosophy and realized it was the kind of outlandish nonsense that would appeal to the kind of people who made all the trouble in history-brilliant, intellectual, slightly deranged dope fiends and oddball math-and-technology buffs. ~ Robert Anton Wilson,
756:Math is perfect (in principle), but mathematicians are not (because they are humans), hence the mathematics that (human) mathematicians do is influenced by the weltanschauung of the people around them. ~ Doron Zeilberger "Computerized Deconstruction". Appeared in Adv. Appl. Math. v. 31 (2003), 532-543.,
757:Do you mean ter tell me," he growled at the Dursleys, "that this boy—this boy!—knows nothin' abou'—about ANYTHING?"
Harry thought this was going a bit far. He had been to school, after all, and his marks weren't bad.
"I know some things," he said. "I can, you know, do math and stuff. ~ J K Rowling,
758:Michael Harris opens the doors and gently guides you into a magic world. Once inside, you can't help but feel mesmerized, eager to see how deep the rabbit hole goes. And no wonder: a major thinker of our time is talking to you about math and so much more, like you've never heard before. ~ Edward Frenkel,
759:There is such a thing as nonnerdy applied mathematics: find a problem first, and figure out the math that works for it (just as one acquires language), rather than study in a vacuum through theorems and artificial examples, then change reality to make it look like these examples. ~ Nassim Nicholas Taleb,
760:We will always have STEM with us. Some things will drop out of the public eye and will go away, but there will always be science, engineering and technology. And there will always, always be mathematics. Everything is physics and math. ~ Katherine Johnson, "Katherine Johnson: A Lifetime of STEM" (2013).,
761:In my own research when I'm working with equations, I never feel like I really understand what I'm doing if I'm solely relying on the mathematics for my understanding. I need to have a visual picture in my mind. I'm constantly translating from the math to some intuitive mind's-eye picture. ~ Brian Greene,
762:In second grade we were taught simple math, but not the way it is taught in other countries. In North Korea, even arithmetic is a propaganda tool. A typical problem would go like this: “If you kill one American bastard and your comrade kills two, how many dead American bastards do you have? ~ Yeonmi Park,
763:Many a graduate student has come to grief when they discover, after a decade of being told they were “good at math,” that in fact they have no real mathematical talent and are just very good at following directions. Math is not about following directions, it’s about making new directions. ~ Paul Lockhart,
764:My love for math eventually became a passion. I went to math camp when I was fourteen and came home clutching a Rubik’s Cube to my chest. Math provided a neat refuge from the messiness of the real world. It marched forward, its field of knowledge expanding relentlessly, proof by proof. And ~ Cathy O Neil,
765:What the mortgage bubble was all about was big banks like Goldman Sachs taking big bundles of subprime mortgages that were lent out largely to low-income, highly risky borrowers, and applying this kind of magic-pixie-dust math to these bundles of securities and slapping AAA ratings on them. ~ Matt Taibbi,
766:So what should we say when children complete a task—say, math problems—quickly and perfectly? Should we deny them the praise they have earned? Yes. When this happens, I say, “Whoops. I guess that was too easy. I apologize for wasting your time. Let’s do something you can really learn from! ~ Carol S Dweck,
767:By the end of an intense four years at UCLA, I had co-authored a new math proof, which the media, in fact, loved. As it turned out, math itself blazed my entry back into the spotlight and consequently into wonderful acting jobs like 'The West Wing' and others. You just never know, do you? ~ Danica McKellar,
768:I think that we should give visas to people - green cards, rather, to people who graduate with skills that we need. People around the world with accredited degrees in science and math get a green card stapled to their diploma, come to the U.S. of A. We should make sure our legal system works. ~ Mitt Romney,
769:Mathematics is a versatile art; it can be applied to widely different purposes. Math has no morality; it does not care what it counts or what it proves. ~ Brian Stableford, Ashes and Tombstones, in Peter Crowther (ed.) Moon Shots (1999), reprinted in David G. Hartwell (ed.) Year's Best SF 5 (2000), p. 412.,
770:The most recent edition of the test—called the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)—was conducted in 2012, and it found that among the OECD’s thirty-four members, the United States ranked twenty-seventh, twentieth, and seventeenth in math, science, and reading, respectively. ~ Fareed Zakaria,
771:The world is colors and motion, feelings and thoughts and what does math have to do with it? Not much, if 'math' means being bored in high school, but in truth mathematics is the one universal science. Mathematics is the study of pure pattern and everything in the cosmos is a kind of pattern. ~ Rudy Rucker,
772:We take over six hundred pages of math and force-feed it to the universe through an electromagnetic funnel. We tell the universe ‘I don’t care what you think. I’m lifting my foot here and putting it down there.’ ” “And the universe doesn’t object?” Arthur finished off his whiskey. “Not so far. ~ Peter Clines,
773:Cooking was not a chore for Tengo. He always used it as a time to think - about everyday problems, about math problems, about his writing, or about metaphysical propositions. He could think in a more orderly fashion while standing in the kitchen and moving his hands than while doing nothing. ~ Haruki Murakami,
774:Somethings you know right away to be final- when you lose your last baby tooth...Other times, you have to work out the milestone via subtraction, a math you do to assign significance, like when I figured out that I'd just blown through my last-ever wednesday with Mom on the day after she died. ~ Karen Russell,
775:Four out of the five Nobel Prize laureates in Physics and Chemistry that year were from countries other than the United States. Americans were terrified that the country was falling behind in math and science, so nationwide there was a renewed commitment to education, especially in those fields. ~ Susan Orlean,
776:Katherine Johnson passion for math, the way I light up when I get asked questions about acting is the way her eyes danced when she talked about math and how she wanted people to fall in love with numbers the way that she did. If I had a teacher like that, I could have been a rocket scientist. ~ Taraji P Henson,
777:In a way, math isn't the art of answering mathematical questions, it is the art of asking the right questions, the questions that give you insight, the ones that lead you in interesting directions, the ones that connect with lots of other interesting questions -the ones with beautiful answers. ~ Gregory Chaitin,
778:My dad, a mathematician, raised me to believe that mathematics is beautiful, so math is a part of my imaginative terrain. In my late 20s I wrote several 11-line poems because I wanted to create poems that couldn't be uniformly divided into couplets, tercets, or quatrains, 11 being a prime number. ~ James Arthur,
779:When I was in high school, my math teacher Mr. Packwood used to say, "If you're stuck on a problem, don't sit there and think about it; just start working on it. Even if you don't know what you're doing, the simple act of working on it will eventually cause the right ideas to show up in your head". ~ Mark Manson,
780:Yes. It was Tatiana, not specter but matter. She was measurable. His little Newton had mass and occupied space. A small finite matter in infinite space. That is what math gave him—principles of design that tied together the boundless universe. That is why he measured her. Because she was order. ~ Paullina Simons,
781:But people are so determined to fit everyone into a box with a nice, easily grasped, perfectly defined label. It helps them sleep at night, to know their world as certainly as they know math, or numbers, or the spelling of their own name. Black. White. Right. Wrong. Gay. Straight. Female. Male. But ~ Daryl Banner,
782:Holy shit, twenty thousand people died during the institutions operation? He opened his calculator on the phone and did quick math. The place opened in 1893, closed in 1994… oh holy shit… an average of fifteen patients died a month? He repeated the calculations and came up with the same thing again. ~ Lucian Bane,
783:Take a random group of 8-year-old American and Japanese kids, give them all a really, really hard math problem, and start a stopwatch. The American kids will give up after 30, 40 seconds. If you let the test run for 15 minutes, the Japanese kids will not have given up. You have to take it away. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
784:We may discover resources on the moon or Mars that will boggle the imagination, that will test our limits to dream. And the fascination generated by further exploration will inspire our young people to study math, and science, and engineering and create a new generation of innovators and pioneers. ~ George W Bush,
785:You're still riding home with me right?" He asks Courtney watching me at the corner of his eye. What's with this guy? he looks like he's about one second from taking a baseballbat to my knees. Or wanting to. I wonder if this is how serial killers start out. Wasn't Unabomber really goos at math? ~ Lauren Barnholdt,
786:Ask a kid who's struggling in math if he likes being in a mixed-level class, and he'll tell you he feels like a moron. Ask the math genius if he likes being in a mixed-level class, and he'll tell you he's sick of doing all the work during group projects. Sometimes, it's better to sort like with like. ~ Jodi Picoult,
787:There was an older guy in the photos on the bookshelf who was probably Isaiah’s brother, who was most likely dead and that was no doubt the reason Isaiah was so messed up. His face was either blank as Dodson’s math assignment or his eyes were tight and his jaw hard-set like he was about to smack somebody. ~ Joe Ide,
788:You’re still concentrating, right?” BT asked to my retreating back. “Yes I’m still concentrating, Mrs. Weinstedder.” “What?” “Nothing, just my old algebra teacher.” “So somehow this whole scene reminded you of an old math teacher? Who did the wiring in your head? Because you should get your deposit back. ~ Mark Tufo,
789:I thought about the hours we spent practicing increasingly complex math problems. He taught me that lack of knowledge and lack of intelligence were not the same. The former could be remedied with a little patience and a lot of hard work. And the latter? “Well, I guess you’re up shit creek without a paddle. ~ J D Vance,
790:You know there's always that kid in your class — and every class has one — the kid who draws all the time and is really good? That was not me. I was a lousy draftsman. But as soon as I figured out that I could make things come alive, like using the corners of my math book to make flipbooks, I was hooked. ~ Pete Docter,
791:the kid can learn, but he only wants to do one thing at a time. He could spend days on end hunched over just one page of a botany book and then wouldn’t talk about anything else. Then the next week it would be astronomy. He’s become reasonably literate, though, and he’s not bad at math either. ~ Viktor Arnar Ing lfsson,
792:There's a fundamental disconnection in society in the way we live, this way we live that we take so for granted, and we've become very separate from one another and we don't really take lot of time to realize that. And the math is overwhelming to the point of despair, but the answers could be so simple. ~ Amanda Palmer,
793:Fashion is not just about what we wear, but...fashion is also a business. It is an art, it's a career that involves science, engineering, accounting and so much more. People can learn about the math behind Charles James' designs, and think, 'Maybe I should pay closer attention to geometry this semester' ~ Michelle Obama,
794:Find your self-respect now. Don't dumb yourselves down. Think of yourself as capable and worthy of finding a guy who is going to respect you, too. It's so important, I mean, and the confidence you get from feeling smart and tackling something like mathematics, which is a challenge, right? Math is hard. ~ Danica McKellar,
795:He had forgotten that grief does not decline in a straight line or along a slow curve like a graph in a child's math book. Instead, it was almost as if his body contained a big like of garden rubbish full both of heavy lumps of dirt and of harp thorny brush that would stab him when he least expected it. ~ Helen Simonson,
796:Plato was synthesis of Europe and Asia, and a decidedly Oriental element pervades his philosophy, giving it a sunrise color. ~ Ralph Waldo Emerson, Abhedananda, Swami India and her people, a study in the social. political, educational and religious conditians of India. [6th ed.] Calcutta, Ramakrishna Vedanta Math [1945],
797:What if everything about me is totally made up? What if I’m actually…I don’t know. A wanted fugitive in the States.”
“Julia.” He reached across the table and grabbed her hand. “Nobody makes up being a high school math teacher.”
“That’s why it’s the perfect disguise!”
He shook his head. “Nobody. ~ Rebecca Brooks,
798:Infants and young children are not just sitting twiddling their thumbs, waiting for their parents to teach them to read and do math. They are expending a vast amount of time and effort in exploring and understanding their immediate world. Healthy education supports and encourages this spontaneous learning. ~ David Elkind,
799:In our travels, we have come across many equations--math for understanding the universe, for making music, for mapping stars, and also for tipping, which is important. Here is our favorite equation: Us plus Them equals All of Us. It is very simple math. Try it sometime. You probably won’t even need a pencil. ~ Libba Bray,
800:boy is getting all Ds and Fs in math so his parents send him to Catholic school. On his first report card, his parents are shocked to see their son getting straight As. When his parents ask him why, he says, “Well, when I went into the chapel and saw that guy nailed to a plus sign, I knew they were serious. ~ Harlan Coben,
801:Hey, Ma! Dad just figured out how to do the math to calculate my age and date of conception. He's having some kind of apoplexy over it. I think you need to come in here before he pisses on your floor. And if he does, I did not do it, so don't yell at me for it. And I will not clean it up." - Talyn Batur ~ Sherrilyn Kenyon,
802:America's demographic shift was obvious to everyone in the 2010 Census - but Republicans stubbornly rejected math, facts, and polls to their electoral peril. While Republicans tailored their platform by and for the pale stale and male, among us, Obama and Democrats are embracing America's diverse mosaic. ~ Christine Pelosi,
803:I don't think they understand it's as important as math and science. It rounds you out as a person. I think it gives you a love of certain things. You don't have to become the next great composer. It's just nice to have heard certain things or to have seen certain things. It's part of being a human being. ~ Marvin Hamlisch,
804:Our schools display an enormous bias in educating the mind rather than the whole person. We place major emphasis on reasoning, logic and math, with almost no concern for emotions, intuition and creativity. Our students become memorizing mimics and dull conformists, rather than exciting and feeling creators. ~ John Bradshaw,
805:students who were told to think about the happiest day of their lives right before taking a standardized math test outperformed their peers.19 And people who expressed more positive emotions while negotiating business deals did so more efficiently and successfully than those who were more neutral or negative. ~ Shawn Achor,
806:The problem with cinema nowadays is that it's a math problem. People can read a film mathematically; they know when this comes or that comes; in about 30 minutes, it's going to be over and have an ending. So film has become a mathematical solution. And that is boring, because art is not mathematical. ~ Nicolas Winding Refn,
807:Will Bates was drummed out of Carter and reassigned to teach industrial arts in a middle school. He was given an unsatisfactory evaluation rating, placed on probation for a year, and had his salary frozen. And, of course, he was forbidden to teach math to prevent further threats to the sanctity of football. ~ H G Bissinger,
808:The ultimate act of cowardice is the fat-headed wrestling guy sitting behind the frail kid in math class, clipping him on the ear, saying: 'What are you going to do about that, faggot?' That is cowardice. When the bullets start flying past that jock's saucer-shaped ears, that's not cowardice. That's payback. ~ Doug Stanhope,
809:Her team had become NASA’s first computer programmers. The women still worked closely with the engineers, almost all of whom were men, but it was no longer enough for them just to be good at math. They needed to know how to build, fix, and run programs on the IBM computers, something the engineers rarely did. ~ Nathalia Holt,
810:Most children, even very bright ones, need constant review and practice to truly own a concept in grammar, math or science. In schools today, on paper it may appear that kids are learning skills, but in reality they are only renting them, soon to forget what they've learned over the weekend or summer vacation. ~ Rafe Esquith,
811:Most of the time I liked school and got good grades. In junior high, though, I hit a stumbling block with math - I used to come home and cry because of how frustrated I was! But after a few good teachers and a lot of perseverance, I ended up loving math and even choosing it as a major when I got to college. ~ Danica McKellar,
812:The old, been-around-forever, profitless formula is: Sales – Expenses = Profit The new, Profit First Formula is: Sales – Profit = Expenses The math in both formulas is the same. Logically, nothing has changed. But Profit First speaks to human behavior—it accounts for the regular Joes of the world, like me, ~ Mike Michalowicz,
813:My go-to gifts are scarves from my friend Matin Maulawizada's nonprofit organization, Afghan Hands, which supports disenfranchised women in Afghanistan. In exchange for their beautiful embroidery, the women are given financial aid and classes in math and literacy. The scarves are all stunning and one of a kind. ~ Claire Danes,
814:Students never think it can be the teacher's fault and so I thought I was stupid. I was frustrated and would come home and cry because I couldn't do it. Then we got a new teacher who made math accessible. That made all the difference and I learned that it's how you present it that makes it scary or friendly. ~ Danica McKellar,
815:Nothing. Because wasn't that how I felt that day? If you zoom close- if you really get close to someone, if you really get close to yourself- then you lose the other person, you lose yourself entirely. You get so close you can't see anymore. Your mind becomes all these abstract fragments. English becomes math. ~ David Levithan,
816:On the evening of the third day, I can feel him looking at me. He has a funny expression on his face, like he’s doing math in his head. Finally he says, “So what’s that thing you got around your neck?” and it’s clear what he’s up to. “There’s no value in it,” I say. “Looks like silver,” he says, peering ~ Christina Baker Kline,
817:We tend to see math and science as a steady state of facts rather than as the accumulated knowledge of linear traditions. As Korzybski put it, we see further because we “stand on the shoulders”5 of the previous generation. The danger of such a position is that we can forget to put our own feet on the ground. ~ Douglas Rushkoff,
818:The more complex a behavior is, the more rigorous and complicated the science behind it. Math, chemistry, that’s the easy stuff—closed models with discrete answers. To understand behavior—human or elephant—the systems are far more complex, which is why the science behind them must be that much more intricate. But ~ Jodi Picoult,
819:It only takes about 50 contact hours to transmit basic literacy and math skills well enough that kids can be self-teachers from then on. The cry for 'basic skills' practice is a smokescreen behind which schools pre-empt the time of children for twelve years and teach them the six lessons I've just taught you. ~ John Taylor Gatto,
820:The much-storied disenchantment with mathematics among Western children starts in the third and fourth grades, and Fuson argues that perhaps a part of that disenchantment is due to the fact that math doesn’t seem to make sense; its linguistic structure is clumsy; its basic rules seem arbitrary and complicated. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
821:You're not born knowing how to do math. You're taught that. You're not born knowing how to hate someone. You're taught that. And so I feel I want to use my platform to raise awareness about it. To help raise something positive. In America, you look around and a lot of things that happen - it all stems from that. ~ Draymond Green,
822:I found myself often asking the question, "Who deserves to be made fun of?" Depending on your mood, the answer can be no one or everyone. It took me a while to understand the math of how those field pieces came together. I don't think that ridicule is ever funny, but there are times when that gets the biggest response. ~ Ed Helms,
823:Dylan Bennet Klebold was born brilliant. He started school a year early, and by third grade was enrolled in the CHIPS program: Challenging High Intellectual Potential Students. Even among the brains, Dylan stood out as a math prodigy. The early start didn’t impede him intellectually, but strained his shyness further. ~ Dave Cullen,
824:If market pricing is the only legitimate test of quality, why are we still bothering with proven theorems? Why don't we just have a vote on whether a theorem is true? To make it better we'll have everyone vote on it, especially the hundreds of millions of people who don't understand the math. Would that satisfy you? ~ Jaron Lanier,
825:Characteristically, Samuelson intimidated those who questioned his techniques with the statement “Those who can, do science, others do methodology.” If you knew math, you could “do science.” This is reminiscent of psychoanalysts who silence their critics by accusing them of having trouble with their fathers. ~ Nassim Nicholas Taleb,
826:Her baby boy would play little league baseball, star in the school play and be good at math. She didn't know then that she should have had much simpler dreams for her beautiful son, that she should have looked upon her newborn baby boy and thought 'I hope you learn to talk and use the bathroom by the time you're seven. ~ Lisa Genova,
827:I'm not much of a math and science guy. I spent most of my time in school daydreaming and managed to turn it into a living. When I was making "Star Wars," I wasn't restrained by any kind of science. I simply said, "I'm going to create a world that's fun and interesting, makes sense, and seems to have a reality to it." ~ George Lucas,
828:So somebody told me that if I wasn't a coffee drinker yet, by the end of college I'd have to be, because a math major is so tough I would have to stay up very late. I was going to need coffee to do that. Well, merely because they said that, I never drank coffee in college, never got addicted to it, never needed it. ~ Danica McKellar,
829:And here’s a fact that should get you thinking: when Social Security set the retirement age at sixty-five, the average life expectancy for a male was sixty-one. It makes us realize how little Social Security was designed to pay out. The subsequent surge in life expectancy has changed the math of retirement entirely. ~ George Friedman,
830:Animation wasn't my love, but drawing was. I loved drawing, and when it came time to graduate from high school, I looked around and it was like, "Wow, I don't really want to study math. I don't really want to study science. I don't really want to study literature. Is there a place where I can go and draw cartoons?" ~ Harland Williams,
831:There was no protection, no quota system when it came to luck. It was like that moment in math when a child learns that the odds of heads or tails is always one-in-two, no matter how many times one has flipped the coin and gotten heads. Every flip, the odds are the same. Every day, you could be unlucky all over again. ~ Laura Lippman,
832:This was only the second time Carswell Thorne had stopped to ponder one Kate Fallow. The first time, he had wondered why she liked books so much, and if it had anything to do with why he liked spaceships. Because they could take you somewhere far, far way from here. This time, he was wondering what her math score was. ~ Marissa Meyer,
833:Before the work of Georg Cantor in the nineteenth century, the study of the infinite was as much theology as science; now, we understand Cantor’s theory of multiple infinities, each one infinitely larger than the last, well enough to teach it to first-year math majors. (To be fair, it does kind of blow their minds.) ~ Jordan Ellenberg,
834:By the time I slip back to my room, it's almost six. Jasmine is in bed, awake and waiting for me..."Where were you?"
Where was I? Chased by a fat guard, hit by a laugh attack and nearly thrown out of Stanford University Math Camp, never to see the light of the campus ever again, and certainly not as a future student. ~ Justina Chen,
835:College was an experience I'll always cherish. Now I fund a scholarship at my alma mater in my late father's name—he'd laugh to know that it's a science scholarship, when I can barely do math! I also fund a nursing scholarship at the Oglala Lakota College in Kyle, South Dakota, in the name of my mother, who was a nurse. ~ Diana Palmer,
836:Math just wasn't my favorite. I didn't get how important math is and how it relates to real life. That's why I think I was turned off to it. Once I got down arithmetic and a little bit of algebra, I think I checked out. As I've gotten older, I think there's a lot more relation to math. English was my favorite subject. ~ Adam Rodriguez,
837:In physics, theories are made of math. We don’t use math because we want to scare away those not familiar with differential geometry and graded Lie algebras; we use it because we are fools. Math keeps us honest—it prevents us from lying to ourselves and to each other. You can be wrong with math, but you can’t lie. ~ Sabine Hossenfelder,
838:This was only the second time Carswell Thorne had stopped to ponder one Kate Fallow. The first time, he had wondered why she liked books so much, and if it had anything to do with why he liked spaceships. Because they could take you somewhere far, far away from here. This time , he was wondering what her math score was. ~ Marissa Meyer,
839:If somebody is working on a new medicine, computer science helps us model those things. We have a whole group here in Seattle called the Institute for Disease Modelling that is a mix of computer science and math-type people, and the progress we're making in polio or plans for malaria or really driven by their deep insights. ~ Bill Gates,
840:Yes, I took a remedial algebra course in college. I struggled in math in high school and didn’t have confidence to plunge in with a for-credit algebra course. The remedial course gave me a lot of confidence so that when I took the for-credit algebra course it was fairly easy and I got a ‘B,’ of which I remain proud today! ~ Jim Stafford,
841:You can be obsessed with makeup and hair products and, you know, your appearance and still be absolutely making smart life decisions and work on your smarts, develop your smarts by studying something like math. Then you'll make much better decisions on the brands of clothing that you buy or whatever it is that you want. ~ Danica McKellar,
842:I noticed there were so many people, especially women, who would come up to me having recognized me from TV and say, 'I heard you were a math person, why math? Oh my gosh, I could never do math!' I could just see their self-esteem crumbling; I thought that was silly, so I wanted to make math more friendly and accessible. ~ Danica McKellar,
843:We think there's a reason for everything, as if life was supposed to make sense. It's not exactly math. People aren't numbers. Everybody knows life doesn't make any sense at all, so we just better deal with the whole mess. Have a beer. Have a cup of coffee. Have a piece of cake. Go out to a movie. Enjoy the Popcorn. ~ Benjamin Alire S enz,
844:In colleges, there are no gender separations in courses of study, and students can freely choose their majors. There are no male and female math classes. But women generally choose college courses that pay less in the labor market. Those are the choices that women themselves make. Those choices contribute to the pay gap. ~ Phyllis Schlafly,
845:Most people that derail as leaders in the corporate world, it's not because they couldn't do the math and calculate return on investment properly. The issues are communication and understanding. All of what typically would've been called the 'soft stuff.' You have to be authentic. You have to be dialed into the soft stuff. ~ Douglas Conant,
846:Welcome to the world of grown-ups. You might be good at math, and somebody pays for tht, but what you really love to do is sing. Do you think Oscar prizes above all else his ability to book guests into a hotel?.. The sad fact of the world... is almost nobody exactly chooses what they get paid to do."
Peggy to James ~ Elizabeth McCracken,
847:I'm a visual thinker, really bad at algebra. There's others that are a pattern thinker. These are the music and math minds. They think in patterns instead of pictures. Then there's another type that's not a visual thinker at all, and they're the ones that memorize all of the sports statistics, all of the weather statistics. ~ Temple Grandin,
848:No party has a monopoly on wisdom. No democracy works without compromise. But when Governor Romney and his allies in Congress tell us we can somehow lower our deficit by spending trillions more on new tax breaks for the wealthy - well, you do the math. I refuse to go along with that. And as long as I'm President, I never will. ~ Barack Obama,
849:Late twenties, single, female. Do the math.
Flirty flings were fabulous until you hit the big three-O, all downhill
from there. Biological clocks started ticking like time bombs waiting to
detonate, gravity exerted more force on your life than your mom, and
suddenly, the dog-ugliest creep looked like Jake Gyllenhaal. ~ Nicola Marsh,
850:My grandmother taught me to read before I went to school. I was reading the newspaper when I was five. And Grandpa taught me to do math and figure. They believed in living simply. Grandpa grew a garden, and Grandma canned food for the winter. They taught me to work and to love to learn new things. I wasn't really afraid or shy. ~ Carolyn Brown,
851:Our children learn reading, writing, math, science, and other subjects in school that can help them earn a living. But ver few school programs teach young people how to live - how to deal with anger, how reconcile conflicts, how to breathe, smile, and transform internal formations. There needs to be a revolution in education, ~ Thich Nhat Hanh,
852:People will tell you that you have to know math to be a scientist, or physics or chemistry. They’re wrong. That’s like saying you have to know how to knit to be a housewife, or that you have to know Latin to study the Bible. Sure, it helps, but there will be time for that. What comes first is a question, and you’re already there. ~ Hope Jahren,
853:rigor mattered. Koreans understood that mastering difficult academic content was important. They didn’t take shortcuts, especially in math. They assumed that performance was mostly a product of hard work—not God-given talent. This attitude meant that all kids tried harder, and it was more valuable to a country than gold or oil. ~ Amanda Ripley,
854:The thing I want you especially to understand is this feeling of divine revelation. I feel that this structure was "out there" all along I just couldn't see it. And now I can! This is really what keeps me in the math game-- the chance that I might glimpse some kind of secret underlying truth, some sort of message from the gods. ~ Paul Lockhart,
855:Great literature remains great when it says new things to new generations, and the loops of a knot quite nicely parallel the contours and convolutions of Carroll’s plot anyway.What’s more, he probably would have been delighted at how this whimsical branch of math invaded the real world and became crucial to understanding our biology. ~ Sam Kean,
856:Predictive modeling generates the entire model from scratch. All the model’s math or weights or rules are created automatically by the computer. The machine learning process is designed to accomplish this task, to mechanically develop new capabilities from data. This automation is the means by which PA builds its predictive power. ~ Eric Siegel,
857:From somewhere, back in my youth, heard Prof say, 'Manuel, when faced with a problem you do not understand, do any part of it you do understand, then look at it again.' He had been teaching me something he himself did not understand very well—something in math—but had taught me something far more important, a basic principle. ~ Robert A Heinlein,
858:I had no problem with math. I liked it, actually. It was straightforward in a way nothing else seemed to be in life. There was only one right answer, and usually only one right way to reach it. It had none of those uncertainties of writing and reading, where a single word could change the meaning of a sentence. Math was fine. ~ Alexandra Bracken,
859:I think talent has a huge amount to do with concentration, concentration rather than the athletic ability of your neurons. If you can concentrate on an esoteric piece of math, how can you think about the rest of your life? That's why people can leave their car keys in the gutter; they're in the midst of obsession and concentration. ~ Ethan Canin,
860:had a girl in this class,” Corcoran said. “She was a horrible math student in fifth grade. She cried every Saturday when we did remedial stuff. Huge tears and tears.” At the memory, Corcoran got a little emotional himself. He looked down. “She just e-mailed us a couple weeks ago. She’s in college now. She’s an accounting major. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
861:Other than a little training in commercial math at what was known as an “abacus school,” Leonardo was mainly self-taught. He often seemed defensive about being an “unlettered man,” as he dubbed himself with some irony. But he also took pride that his lack of formal schooling led him to be a disciple of experience and experiment. ~ Walter Isaacson,
862:Some people focus more on sonics. Some people focus more on story. I focus on both sonics and story, but music sometimes, just music itself, can turn into more of a maths problem. I guess everything in life is a math problem, but it can be more about an empirical route to getting the symmetry that you want, and this vibe, sonically. ~ Frank Ocean,
863:Tools of the Mind, by contrast, doesn’t focus much on reading and math abilities. Instead, all of its interventions are intended to help children learn a different kind of skill: controlling their impulses, staying focused on the task at hand, avoiding distractions and mental traps, managing their emotions, organizing their thoughts. ~ Paul Tough,
864:To the fixed-mindset person, intelligence and skill are seen as a sum game. Either you can do math or you can’t. You’re artistic or you’re not. You have what it takes to sell or to be a great speaker or you don’t. Not surprisingly, Dweck found that people who have a fixed mindset are more likely to rate high on the impostor scale. ~ Valerie Young,
865:I’ve sometimes joked and said God doesn’t know very much math, because when you give to others, it should be that you are subtracting from yourself. But in this incredible kind of way—I’ve certainly found that to be the case so many times—you gave and it then seems like in fact you are making space for more to be given to you. “And ~ Dalai Lama XIV,
866:mathematics professor in Russia slugging it out with another mathematics professor in India, kilobyte for kilobyte, over some stupefyingly arcane detail in prime number theory, while an eighteen-year-old, tube-fed math prodigy in Cambridge jumps in every few days with an even more stupefying explanation of why they are both wrong. ~ Neal Stephenson,
867:Math . . . music .. . starry nights . . . These are secular ways of achieving transcendence, of feeling lifted into a grand perspective. It's a sense of being awed by existence that almost obliterates the self. Religious people think of it as an essentially religious experience but it's not. It's an essentially human experience. ~ Rebecca Goldstein,
868:They said I had to get fatter.
I told them my goal was 080.00 and if they wanted my respect, they'd better stop lying to me.
When my brain started working again, I checked their math. Someone had made a mistake because they didn't figure in the snakes in my head and the thick shadows hiding inside the cage of my ribs. ~ Laurie Halse Anderson,
869:What makes it possible to learn advanced math fairly quickly is that the human brain is capable of learning to follow a given set of rules without understanding them, and apply them in an intelligent and useful fashion. Given sufficient practice, the brain eventually discovers (or creates) meaning in what began as a meaningless game. ~ Keith Devlin,
870:felicity. It’s simple math, though. Add up the pleasurable aspects of your life, then subtract the unpleasant ones. The result is your overall happiness. The same calculations, Bentham believed, could apply to an entire nation. Every action a government took, every law it passed, should be viewed through the “greatest happiness” prism. ~ Eric Weiner,
871:If I'm teaching girls that do love to make cookies and do love fashion - that they can use math as a part of that - you think that's me saying, come on girls you belong in the kitchen, you belong shopping? Or, do you think it's me showing them how math is part of all their life, even the part they thought it had nothing to do with? ~ Danica McKellar,
872:
   Extraordinary, some people have said when he speaks now of how he got here.



   Through hard work, he says, and the learning of advanced math.



   Amazing, others have said.



   But such progress he's made in one generation that to progress beyond him, I feel as if I must leave America and colonize the moon.

~ Weike Wang,
873:You’re probably better at math than I am, because pretty much everyone’s better at math than I am, but it’s okay, I’m fine with it. See, I excel at other, more important things—guitar, sex, and consistently disappointing my dad, to name a few. By the way, it's apparently true that you'll never use it in the real world. Math, I mean. ~ Jennifer Niven,
874:You’re probably better at math than I am, because pretty much everyone’s better at math than I am, but it’s okay, I’m fine with it. See, I excel at other, more important things—guitar, sex, and consistently disappointing my dad, to name a few. By the way, it’s apparently true that you’ll never use it in the real world. Math, I mean. ~ Jennifer Niven,
875:He tells me that high school is no utopia, but I'm not convinced. What else would you call a place that exists solely to teach you about the world? What do you call a place with friends and teachers and libraries and book club and math club and debate club and any other kind of club and after-school activities and endless possibilities? ~ Nicola Yoon,
876:I'm sick of you all acting like I'm this English freak raining on your little math-science parade. Sung seems to think my contribution to this team is a little less than everyone else's."
"Anyone can memorize book titles!" Sung shouted. "Oh, please.Like I care what you think? You don't even know the difference between Keats and Byron. ~ Holly Black,
877:When cornered, desperate, or isolated, man reverts to those instincts that aim straight at survival. Quick and just. They will always be the trump cards because they are passed on more frequently from one generation to the next than the gentler genes. It is not a morality, but simple math. Among themselves, doves fight as often as hawks. ~ Delia Owens,
878:Me: u + me = wild animal sex 2nite?

She responds right away. Good, she’s still up.

Her: u = tempting – me = already in bed ÷ sleep.

Me: Why the division sign??

Her: I don’t know. I was trying to answer in math. Bottom line: I’m in bed.

Me: Perfect. That’s right where I want u to be. I’ll be there in 45. ~ Elle Kennedy,
879:Phyllis explained to him, trying to give of her deeper self, 'Don't you find it so beautiful, math? Like an endless sheet of gold chains, each link locked into the one before it, the theorems and functions, one thing making the next inevitable. It's music, hanging there in the middle of space, meaning nothing but itself, and so moving...' ~ John Updike,
880:If present trends continue, our country may soon find itself far behind many other nations in both science and technology nations where, if you inform strangers that you are a mathematician, they respond with admiration and not by telling you how much they hated math in school, and how they sure could use you to balance their checkbooks. ~ Martin Gardner,
881:I was never a class clown or anything like that, but I do remember being in the first grade and my teacher, Mr. Chad, told the class one day that we were going to do some exercises. He meant math exercises, but I stood up and started doing jumping jacks. To this day, I don't know what possessed me to do that, but all my friends cracked up. ~ Will Ferrell,
882:The interaction between math and physics is a two-way process, with each of the two subjects drawing from and inspiring the other. At different times, one of them may take the lead in developing a particular idea, only to yield to the other subject as focus shifts. But altogether, the two interact in a virtuous circle of mutual influence. ~ Edward Frenkel,
883:Mindset changes are not happening from change in legislation. Like desegregation. We legally got rid of legal segregation, but schools are still segregated. You can demand people have better math understanding, but it depends how you interpret math understanding, and what you want it for, and if you think everybody can and should have that. ~ Deborah Meier,
884:There was a survey done a few years ago that affected me greatly. it was discovered that intelligent people either estimate their intelligence accurately or slightly underestimate themselves, but stupid people overestimate their intelligence and by huge margins. (And these were things like straight up math tests, not controversial IQ tests.) ~ Harvey Pekar,
885:is, it seems to be the same folks who are inclined to sue builders who did not perfectly protect them from the depredations of an earthquake who will be the first to claim that their son failed his math test because of attention deficit disorder, and not because he spent the night before at a video arcade instead of studying complex fractions. ~ Lionel Shriver,
886:So, at a minimum, our educational systems must be retooled to maximize these needed skills and attributes: strong fundamentals in writing, reading, coding, and math; creativity, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration; grit, self-motivation, and lifelong learning habits; and entrepreneurship and improvisation—at every level. The ~ Thomas L Friedman,
887:The real irony is that the view of infinity as some forbidden zone or road to insanity - which view was very old and powerful and haunted math for 2000+ years - is precisely what Cantor's own work overturned. Saying that infinity drove Cantor mad is sort of like mourning St. George's loss to the dragon: it's not only wrong but insulting. ~ David Foster Wallace,
888:I'll be taking a two-hour after-school class twice a week for seven and a half weeks.
After those thirty hours of classroom time, which will bring me to the end of March, I'll need six hours behind the wheel.
And then and only then will I be able to drive.
I do the math in my mind as I speed home on my motorcycle from the firdt class. ~ Travis Thrasher,
889:I smiled despite myself.

"We're pretty far from perfect, Kitten.'m the most fucked up person you know."

"Yeah but I'm the most fucked up person I know, and when you put two negatives together, you get a positive. That's Math Caleb. Math is the language of universe. You can't argue with the universe." Her grin was patently ridiculous. ~ C J Roberts,
890:john stuart mill knew several languages, advanced math and read many great books' before he was ten years old. his father taught him. in his early twenties he had a nervous breakdown and didn't leave his bed for three years. he read poetry and at started to feel better. he was a feminist and cared about human rights. five people went to his funeral ~ Megan Boyle,
891:Looking at numbers as groups of rocks may seem unusual, but actually it's as old as math itself. The word "calculate" reflects that legacy - it comes from the Latin word calculus, meaning a pebble used for counting. To enjoy working with numbers you don't have to be Einstein (German for "one stone"), but it might help to have rocks in your head. ~ Steven Strogatz,
892:Sorry, the points are already deducted. And taking into account his schedule, and then the standard deviation from the average man’s schedule, I figure ninety percent of his time would go elsewhere. I’d never get uninterrupted coitus.” “Penis math,” Amy said. “Impressive.” She looked at Mallory. “See, this is why a guy shouldn’t date an accountant. ~ Jill Shalvis,
893:We’re pretty far from perfect, Kitten. I’m the most fucked up person you know.” “Yeah, but I’m the second most fucked up person I know, and when you put two negatives together, you get a positive. That’s math, Caleb. Math is the language of the universe. You can’t argue with the universe.” Her grin was patently ridiculous. I love you so goddamn much. ~ C J Roberts,
894:I have this math teacher, Mr. Allen. He said that when you're a point, all you see is the point. When you're a line, all you see is the line and the point. When you're in three dimensions, you see three dimensions and lines and points. Just because we can't see a fourth dimension doesn't mean it doesn't exist. It just means we haven't reached it yet. ~ Jodi Picoult,
895:I have this math teacher, Mr. Allen. He said that when you’re a point, all you see is the point. When you’re a line, all you see is the line and the point. When you’re in three dimensions, you see three dimensions and lines and points. Just because we can’t see a fourth dimension doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist. It just means we haven’t reached it yet. ~ Jodi Picoult,
896:Brüks digested that. “Well, if it was supposed to be some kind of compliment, her delivery needs work. You’d think someone with all that brainpower would be able to cobble together a few social skills.” “Funny thing”—Moore’s voice was expressionless—“Sengupta couldn’t figure out how someone with all your interpersonal skills could be so shitty at math. ~ Peter Watts,
897:Looking at numbers as groups of rocks may seem unusual, but actually it's as old as math itself. The word "calculate" reflects that legacy -- it comes from the Latin word calculus, meaning a pebble used for counting. To enjoy working with numbers you don't have to be Einstein (German for "one stone"), but it might help to have rocks in your head. ~ Steven H Strogatz,
898:People think they don’t understand math, but it’s all about how you explain it to them. If you ask a drunkard what number is larger, 2/3 or 3/5, he won’t be able to tell you. But if you rephrase the question: what is better, 2 bottles of vodka for 3 people or 3 bottles of vodka for 5 people, he will tell you right away: 2 bottles for 3 people, of course. ~ Anonymous,
899:With the Holy Mother as the centre of inspiration, a Math is to be established on the eastern bank of the Ganga. . . . On the other side of the Ganga a big plot of land will be acquired, where unmarried girls or Brahmacharini widows will live; devout married women will also be allowed to stay now and then. Men will have no concern with this Math. ~ Swami Vivekananda,
900:Get a grip, dude, you’re losing bad.” “Depends how you look at it.” “Only so many ways to look at a fourteen-seven score.” Wyatt shrugged, palming the ball in both hands. “Way I figure, I have a beautiful wife inside, and you’re playing footsie with your engaged, possibly mentally ill adversary.” He chucked the ball at Jake, grinning. “You do the math. ~ Denise Hunter,
901:If you've never programmed a computer, you should. There's nothing like it in the whole world. When you program a computer, it does exactly what you tell it to do. It's like designing a machine — any machine, like a car, like a faucet, like a gas-hinge for a door — using math and instructions. It's awesome in the truest sense: it can fill you with awe. ~ Cory Doctorow,
902:What makes screenplays difficult are the things that require the most discipline and care and are just not seen by most people. I'm talking about movement - screenwriting is related to math and music, and if you zig here, you know you have to zag there. It's like the descriptions for a piece of music - you go fast or slow or with feeling. It's the same. ~ Robert Towne,
903:You know, students who major in elementary education - they're going to be grade school teachers - they have the highest rates of math anxiety of any college major. And they bring that into the classroom. So you find students being introduced to math concepts by teachers who may have not only a lack of training but also a lack of enthusiasm about math. ~ Anya Kamenetz,
904:If time was infinite, then three seconds and three years represented the same infinitely small fraction of it. And so, if inflicting three years of fear and suffering was wrong, as everyone would agree, then inflicting three seconds of it was no less wrong. He caught a fleeting glimpse of God in the math here, in the infinitesimal duration of a life. ~ Jonathan Franzen,
905:People can believe whatever they want – Heaven, Hell, angels, gods – if it gives you a reason to get up in the morning or helps you sleep at night, then it’s energy well spent. But if someone wants to wax intellectual about a divine creator who is by all accounts infallible, I always had the same response: the universe’s one and only absolute is math. ~ Blake Northcott,
906:A creative person may write, paint, sculpt, or think up math formulae; he or she might dance or sing or play a musical instrument. Those are the fingers, but creativity is the hand that gives them life. And just as all hands are basically the same—form follows function—all creative people are the same once you get down to the place where the fingers join. ~ Stephen King,
907:Grace doesn’t add up. This probably explains why most couples shy away from making grace the default mode of their relationships. It’s counterintuitive. Intimidating too. Grace is so … selfless. We prefer the simple math behind the cause-effect dynamic within relationships. You scratch my back: I’ll scratch yours. You nick my car; I’ll burn down your garage. ~ Tim Kimmel,
908:I shouldn't be jealous because it's not real--she's like a math problem, the kind where you got the right answer but didn't show any of your work. She is the right answer, but she didn't get there by going through anything difficult, by questioning, by doubting. She landed there by playing a part, but she's never done the work.

I'm still jealous. ~ Jackson Pearce,
909:It has been proven time and time again in countless studies that students who actively participate in arts education are twice as likely to read for pleasure, have strengthened problem-solving and critical thinking skills, are four times more likely to be recognized for academic achievement, four times more likely to participate in a math and science fair. ~ Quincy Jones,
910:People think they don’t understand math, but it’s all about how you explain it to them. If you ask a drunkard what number is larger, 2/3 or 3/5, he won’t be able to tell you. But if you rephrase the question: what is better, 2 bottles of vodka for 3 people or 3 bottles of vodka for 5 people, he will tell you right away: 2 bottles for 3 people, of course. ~ Israel Gelfand,
911:I have always had an uncomfortable relationship with math. I don’t like numbers for the sake of numbers. I am not impressed by fancy formulas that have no real-world application. I particularly disliked high school calculus for the simple reason that no one ever bothered to tell me why I needed to learn it. What is the area beneath a parabola? Who cares? ~ Charles Wheelan,
912:It was while I was studying philosophy that I came to understand. . . that it is no sign of moral or spiritual strength to believe that for which one has no evidence, neither a priori evidence as in math, nor a posteriori evidence as in science. . . . It's a violation almost immoral in its transgressiveness to shirk the responsibilities of rationality. ~ Rebecca Goldstein,
913:Since when do you wear cologne to learn math? Oh, my son is growing up right in front of my very eyes. Maybe I should get out the video camera.

Maybe you should tie me to a stake, douse me in kerosene, and torch me right on our front lawn.

I won't need any kerosene, Steven - I'm sure the cologne will go up pretty fast!

Ha-ha, Mom. ~ Jordan Sonnenblick,
914:Analysis of President Bush's tax plan has revealed that several elaborate tricks and gimmicks were used to make it look like a $1.35 trillion cut, but in reality it's going to be closer to costing $1.8 trillion. Critics claim it's math so fuzzy, you have to squint to see our nation's future of subsistence farming and post-apocalyptic roving motorcycle gangs. ~ Jon Stewart,
915:Math is a way to describe reality and figure out how the world works, a universal language that has become the gold standard of truth. In our world, increasingly driven by science and technology, mathematics is becoming, ever more, the source of power, wealth, and progress. Hence those who are fluent in this new language will be on the cutting edge of progress. ~ Anonymous,
916:I can’t talk about our love story, so I will talk about math. I am not a mathematician, but I know this: There are infinite numbers between 0 and 1. There’s .1 and .12 and .112 and an infinite collection of others. Of course, there is a bigger infinite set of numbers between 0 and 2, or between 0 and a million. Some infinities are bigger than other infinities. A ~ John Green,
917:The most important steps that I followed were studying math and science in school. I was always interested in physics and astronomy and chemistry and I continued to study those subjects through high school and college on into graduate school. That's what prepared me for being an astronaut; it actually gave me the qualifications to be selected to be an astronaut. ~ Sally Ride,
918:You're sure your new roommate won't be like the last one who wore tinfoil socks and had a tendency to occasionally urinate in the refrigerator. You're sure you'll pass Math 106 this time around. You're determined to actually join some clubs this year and not just sit around in your dorm eating spray cheese from a can and watching youtube videos about cats. ~ Patrick Rothfuss,
919:...who'd walk to school on Monday and who'd have to pass the smoking heap of what used to be their neighborhoods because when adults are haunted, it's the kids who get the worst frights...The word "aftermath" came to mind. I guess it means the time after something terrible happens when you do the math to figure out what has been added and what's been subtracted. ~ Emil Ferris,
920:Byron; and, realistically, quite a number of those infants will die without my care, and Josephine is hardly a creature with potential, hardly anybody’s idea of a tabula rasa, a blank slate—hell, she’s a slate that’s had bad math scrawled on it and then been waxed so that nothing can ever be written on it again. I’ve treated sheep that had more of a right to live. ~ Tim Powers,
921:Hmm. Real life is different from math. Things in life don’t necessarily flow over the shortest possible route. For me, math is—how should I put it?—math is all too natural. It’s like beautiful scenery. It’s just there. There’s no need to exchange it with anything else. That’s why, when I’m doing math, I sometimes feel I’m turning transparent. And that can be scary. ~ Anonymous,
922:What was your job back on Earth? I’ve always been curious. I taught eighth-grade math in Tallahassee. Huh, I said. That’s not what I expected. Are you kidding? Powell said back. You try teaching algebra to a bunch of little shitheads for thirty-eight years straight. The way I figure it I’ve got about another decade before my rage from that gets entirely burned up. ~ John Scalzi,
923:I've always felt that a teacher can introduce recreational math; and I'm defining it in the very broad sense to include anything that has a spirit of play about it. I don't know of any better way to hook the interests of the students. ~ Martin Gardner, quoted by Anthony Barcellos in "A Conversation With Martin Gardner", The Two-Year College Math Journal 10(4), 1979, pp. 223-244.,
924:math performance in Asian American women, built around the stereotypes of Asians being good at math, and women not. Half the subjects were primed to think of themselves as Asian before a math test; their scores improved. Half were primed about gender; scores declined. Moreover, levels of activity in cortical regions involved in math skills changed in parallel. ~ Robert M Sapolsky,
925:When Republicans recently charged the President with promoting 'class warfare,' he answered it was 'just math.' But it's more than math. It's a matter of morality.

Republicans have posed the deepest moral question of any society: whether we're all in it together. Their answer is we're not.

President Obama should proclaim, loudly and clearly, we are. ~ Robert B Reich,
926:Next Generation was immensely popular at the time, and I was still riding high on the success of Stand by Me. They couldn’t understand why I was so intimidated by these actors – my face was splashed across the cover of every teen magazine in print. Why was I so intimidated? I was a 16 year-old geek, with a chance to meet The Big Three from Star Trek. You do the math. ~ Wil Wheaton,
927:You can't. Do you hear me? You think you've figured something out? You run over here so pleased with yourself because you changed your mind. Now you're certain. You're so... sloppy. You don't know anything. The book, the math, the dates, the writing, all that stuff you decided with your buddies, it's just evidence. It doesn't finish the job. It doesn't prove anything. ~ David Auburn,
928:America ranks 21st when it comes to math education. We rank 25th when it comes to science. We used to be number one in the proportion of college graduates. We now rank ninth. And at an age where knowledge, skills, are the determinant of how successful we're going to be, unless we reverse that we're going to keep slipping behind economically to a lot of other countries. ~ Barack Obama,
929:At first, when California started winning its water lawsuits and shutting off cities, the displaced people just followed the water-right to California. It took a little while before the bureaucrats realized what was going on, but finally someone with a sharp pencil did the math and realized that taking in people along with their water didn't solve a water shortage. ~ Paolo Bacigalupi,
930:If the Lord wills, we shall make this Math a great centre of harmony. Our Lord is the visible embodiment of the harmony of all ideals. He will be established on earth if we keep alive that spirit of harmony here. We must see to it that people of all creeds and sects, from the Brahmana down to the Chandala, may come here and find their respective ideals manifested. ~ Swami Vivekananda,
931:There are two versions of math in the lives of many Americans: the strange and boring subject that they encountered in classrooms and an interesting set of ideas that is the math of the world, and is curiously different and surprisingly engaging. Our task is to introduce this second version to today's students, get them excited about math, and prepare them for the future. ~ Jo Boaler,
932:Let’s be honest. You’re not Einstein, but don’t let assholes like that teacher make you feel stupid. You’re plenty smart, and good at other stuff. You know that, right?” “Yeah.” “Don’t just say yeah like a fucking mope. Let me hear you say it. Say you know you’re good at stuff.” “I’m good at stuff.” “That’s right. You’re good at stuff. Fuck that math teacher,” he said. ~ Justin Halpern,
933:To many, mathematics is a collection of theorems. For me, mathematics is a collection of examples; a theorem is a statement about a collection of examples and the purpose of proving theorems is to classify and explain the examples... ~ John B. Conway, Subnormal Operators (1981) Research Notes in Math., 51, Pitman Advanced Publishing Program, Boston-London-Melbourne, ISBN 0-8218-2184-9.,
934:Simulation is no substitute for math—it could never provide a proof—but if Peskin’s conjecture was false, this approach would save me a lot of time by revealing a counterexample. This sort of evidence is extremely valuable in math. When you’re trying to prove something, it helps to know it’s true. That gives you the confidence you need to keep searching for a rigorous ~ Steven H Strogatz,
935:The teacher might be talking about history or math, but what the students in a traditional classroom are learning is how to be students in a classroom. And they are learning it very well. They are learning how to take notes. They are learning how to surreptitiously communicate with peers. They are learning how to ask questions to endear themselves to authority figures. It ~ Clark Aldrich,
936:I’m smart in some ways- pretty good vocabulary, solid at math – but I am definitely the stupidest smart person there is… I was going to be the worst friend in the history of dying girls… Because I don’t really have a moral compass and I need to rely on (Earl) for guidance, or else I might accidentally become like a hermit or a terrorist or something. How fucked up is that. ~ Jesse Andrews,
937:When I was in high school, I was in a special math class. I was infatuated with physics, particularly nuclear physics, Einstein, and the Big Bang. I read a lot about black holes. And partly because I'm so lazy I thought you could do all this just by looking at the sky and thinking up universes. It didn't seem like hard work when I was a kid, so I enrolled in this class. ~ Aleksandar Hemon,
938:I thought you had the best grades, Charlotte,” Lina said to me. “No, Ximena does,” Maya interjected. She started counting off on her fingers. “Ximena. Charlotte. Simon. Me. And then either Auggie or Remo. Auggie’s actually got better grades than Remo in math, but he didn’t do that well in Spanish on his last few quizzes, and that’s bringing his whole grade point average down. ~ R J Palacio,
939:Even when I was failing math and everything else and I was feeling so bad about myself, you sat down with me and said, “Honey, there are those who do well at math, and then there are those, like yourself, who have been blessed with a creative mind and a wonderful imagination. I just know you are going on to do great things.” You’ll never know how you changed my life that day. ~ Fannie Flagg,
940:It surprised him that his grief was sharper than in the past few days. He had forgotten that grief does not decline in a straight line or along a slow curve like a graph in a child's math book. Instead, it was almost as if his body contained a big pile of garden rubbish full both of heavy lumps of dirt and of sharp thorny brush that would stab him when he least expected it. ~ Helen Simonson,
941:Stay alert! Don’t let someone’s words blind you from their behavior...

They can say all the right things, they can make you feel things you've never felt before, but don't be fooled; their actions will reveal their true character, desires, and priorities.

Behavior speaks; pay attention to what it tells you. Behavior is math; pay attention to what it reveals. ~ Steve Maraboli,
942:The thing about Markham that keeps it off my radar is that it pretty much doesn’t have a single team that I can bet on, or against. I’m not saying that reflects negatively on Markham as an institution; it is known for turning out leaders in fields as diverse as the sciences, math, engineering, and the arts. That’s all well and good, but it doesn’t get you into a bowl game. ~ David Rosenfelt,
943:I smiled despite myself.

Caleb: "We're pretty far from perfect, Kitten. I'm the most fucked up person you know."

Livvie: "Yeah but I'm the second most fucked up person I know, and when you put two negatives together, you get a positive. That's Math Caleb. Math is the language of universe. You can't argue with the universe."

Her grin was patently ridiculous. ~ C J Roberts,
944:BERTRAND RUSSELL, The Philosophy of Logical Atomism We've associated that word philosophy with academic study that in its own way has gotten so far beyond the layman that if you read contemporary philosophy you've no clue, because it's almost become math. And it's odd that if you don't do that and you call yourself a philosopher that you always get 'homespun' attached to it. ~ Bertrand Russell,
945:GOOD DESIGN IS SIMPLE. You hear this from math to painting. In math it means that a shorter proof tends to be a better one. Where axioms are concerned, especially, less is more. It means much the same thing in programming. For architects and designers, it means that beauty should depend on a few carefully chosen structural elements rather than a profusion of superficial ornament. ~ Paul Graham,
946:Personally, I think sex should be like math. At school. No one really cares if they’re crap at math. They even proclaim it. They’ll say to anyone, “Yeah, I don’t mind science and English, but I’m absolutely shithouse at math.” And other people will laugh and say, “Yeah, me, too. I wouldn’t have a clue about all that logarithm shit.” You should be able to say that about sex, too. ~ Markus Zusak,
947:Look, this is a man, he's got great numbers. He talks about numbers. I'm beginning to think not only did he invent the Internet, but he invented the calculator. It's fuzzy math. It's a scaring - trying to scare people in the voting booth. Under my tax plan, that he continues to criticize, I set a third - the federal government should take no more than a third of anybody's check. ~ George W Bush,
948:concerted cultivation. He gets taken to museums and gets enrolled in special programs and goes to summer camp, where he takes classes. When he’s bored at home, there are plenty of books to read, and his parents see it as their responsibility to keep him actively engaged in the world around him. It’s not hard to see how Alex would get better at reading and math over the summer. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
949:Hey, what are you doing with your hand?”   Eli’s voice came out high pitched in surprise, as she clutched at Rafe’s shoulders.
“It’s the best place for leverage if you’re going to make that ladder.”
“My ass?  Really?”
“What can I say, I’ve done the math, factored in the weight and height ratios and your ass is definitely where I will gain the most leverage in lifting you. ~ Jane Cousins,
950:It's a mistake to get too narrow too fast. Kids today, many of them will live past 100, and you cant predict what you might work on. The things you're passionate about and interested in, get experience with them by going deep on projects. I would encourage science projects, plays. Pursue science, math, writing, history - the 21st century demands a lot of cross-disciplinary thinking. ~ Megan Smith,
951:Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can’t Stop Talking, Frank Partnoy’s Wait: The Art and Science of Delay, Linda Kaplan-Thaler’s The Power of Nice: How to Conquer the Business World with Kindness and The Power of Small: Why Little Things Make All the Difference, and Cathy O’Neil’s Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy. ~ Timothy Ferriss,
952:Win sidled up next to him. “Did you give them the full-wattage smile?” “I’d say a good eighty, ninety watts.” Win studied the young women before making a declaration: “Lesbians,” he said. “Must be.” “A lot of that going around, isn’t there?” Myron did the math in his head. He probably had fifteen to twenty years on them. When it comes to young girls, you just never want to feel it. ~ Harlan Coben,
953:We live today in a world where most of the really important developments in everything from math and physics and astronomy to public policy and psychology and classical music are so extremely abstract and technically complex and context-dependent that it's next to impossible for the ordinary citizen to feel that they (the developments) have much relevance to her actual life. ~ David Foster Wallace,
954:Continuation of the outbreak depended on the likelihood of encounters between people who were infectious and people who could be infected. This idea became known as the “mass action principle.” It was all about math. The same year, 1906, a Scottish physician named John Brownlee proposed an alternate view, contrary to Hamer’s. Brownlee worked as a clinician and hospital administrator ~ David Quammen,
955:How are you?” she asked.

It was a question that would’ve required some college-level math and about an hour of discussion to answer. I felt a hundred conflicting things, the great bulk of which canceled out to equal cold and tired and not particularly interested in talking. So I said, “I’m fine, just trying to dry off,” and flapped the front of my soggy sweater to demonstrate. ~ Ransom Riggs,
956:It is true that Samudramanthan can be interpreted to mean “churning the ocean”. But the root of manthan is manth or math. Which can have multiple meanings in English. Churn is just one of those meanings. Math can also mean stir, agitate or mix. So, if we were to disregard the traditional interpretation of the title itself, it could mean either “stirring the ocean” or “mixing the ocean”. ~ Anonymous,
957:People will tell you that you have to know math to be a scientist, or physics or chemistry. They’re wrong. That’s like saying you have to know how to knit to be a housewife, or that you have to know Latin to study the Bible. Sure, it helps, but there will be time for that. What comes first is a question, and you’re already there. It’s not nearly as involved as people make it out to be. ~ Hope Jahren,
958:We had the schools we wanted, in a way. Parents did not tend to show up at schools demanding that their kids be assigned more challenging reading or that their kindergarteners learn math while they still loved numbers. They did show up to complain about bad grades, however. And they came in droves, with video cameras and lawn chairs and full hearts, to watch their children play sports. ~ Amanda Ripley,
959:A few years after Shawn took the job with the cabinet company, he decided to go back to school to get his teaching degree. He wanted to do more good in the world. Sitting behind an accounting desk wouldn’t accomplish that. Now, he teaches high school math, a subject most teachers shrink from. He wanted to influence the lives of children, and he is. His students respect him and so do I. ~ M Weidenbenner,
960:There's a kind of a line between music and math, so I guess I got the music gene, thank goodness. But my mother wasn't too thrilled. She wanted me to go to university and get a degree or do something, and my father, he liked opera so he wasn't too thrilled either, because he wanted me to be an opera singer and I didn't have - as he said, I don't really have the strength to do that. ~ Olivia Newton John,
961:What Chinese parents understand is that nothing is fun until you're good at it[...] Tenacious practice, practice, practice is crucial for excellence; rote repetition is underrated in America. Once a child starts to excel at something—whether it's math, piano, pitching or ballet—he or she gets praise, admiration and satisfaction. This builds confidence and makes the once not-fun activity fun. ~ Amy Chua,
962:For as long as we can remember,” [Griff] said, “I mean literally our whole conscious lives, time has been neatly divided into semesters and years. Each year completely distinguishable and unique. First grade, third grade. We didn’t measure by age, we measured by grade. Like I know I broke my arm in sixth grade but I’d have to do the math to figure out what year that was, or how old I was. ~ Ben Monopoli,
963:I had authority issues. In my defense, my math teacher had it coming. She’d made me write one hundred on the black board, so I wrote one, zero, zero in words since one hundred consisted of those numbers. Because she hadn't been specific in her instructions,she’d berated me for being a smart aleck. The whole class had laughed at me. The next morning, they had to cut her out of her chair. ~ Kate Evangelista,
964:NAEP is central to any discussion of whether American students and the public schools they attend are doing well or badly. It has measured reading and math and other subjects over time. It is administered to samples of students; no one knows who will take it, no one can prepare to take it, no one takes the whole test. There are no stakes attached to NAEP; no student ever gets a test score. ~ Diane Ravitch,
965:A majority of students who come into community colleges are still stuck at high school level or remedial math. And when they take it in college, they still don't pass it. So the Carnegie Foundation got together and created two accelerated courses that focus on real-world applications of numbers like for health, for civics, for personal finance - concepts that you and I use every single day. ~ Anya Kamenetz,
966:In short, Mr. Ryan’s plan is devoid of credible math or hard policy choices. And it couldn’t pass even if Republicans were to take the presidency and both houses of Congress. Mr. Romney and Mr. Ryan have no plan to take on Wall Street, the Fed, the military-industrial complex, social insurance or the nation’s fiscal calamity and no plan to revive capitalist prosperity - just empty sermons. ~ David Stockman,
967:Simulation is no substitute for math—it could never provide a proof—but if Peskin’s conjecture was false, this approach would save me a lot of time by revealing a counterexample. This sort of evidence is extremely valuable in math. When you’re trying to prove something, it helps to know it’s true. That gives you the confidence you need to keep searching for a rigorous proof. Programming ~ Steven H Strogatz,
968:I don't think that everyone should become a mathematician, but I do believe that many students don't give mathematics a real chance. I did poorly in math for a couple of years in middle school; I was just not interested in thinking about it. I can see that without being excited mathematics can look pointless and cold. The beauty of mathematics only shows itself to more patient followers. ~ Maryam Mirzakhani,
969:No one had ever told her this basic fact: not everyone got to be loved. It was like those stupid bell curves they'd had to study in math class. There was the big, swollen, happy middle, a whale lump full of blissful couples and families eating around a big dining room table and laughing. And then, at the tapered ends, there were the abnormal people, the weirdos and freaks, and zeros like her. ~ Lauren Oliver,
970:When I was a child I could do math and art, so I had left- and right-brain capabilities. But I've seen my children, who are more right-brained, struggling. My son was told he wouldn't make it to college, but he dogged it through and ended up being accepted by 10 major art schools after the high school advisor said, "Please don't apply. You're going to be disappointed." That kid's an artist now. ~ Frank Gehry,
971:Life is not a math problem, Charlotte.” If it was, I’d have been a lot better at it. I’d often wished I could work out people as easily as I did arithmetic: simply break them down to their common denominators and solve. Numbers didn’t lie; there was always an answer, and the answer was either right or it was wrong. Simple. But nothing in life was simple, and there was no answer here to solve for. ~ Kate Quinn,
972:Music is math, and one you understand that…How can anyone not be in awe? It’s the audible expression behind the laws of the universe. It feels like the only thing, apart from God, that lives outside time. Once released, it lives on and it can make you laugh and cry, rip you apart and heal you, all withing a few discrete notes strung together. And while it follows rules, expression is limitless. ~ Katherine Reay,
973:No one had ever told her this basic fact: Not everyone gets to be loved. It was like those stupid bell curves they'd had to study in math class. There was the big, swollen, happy middle, a whale hump full of blissful couples and families eating around a big dining room table and laughing. And then, at the tapered ends, there where the abnormal people, the weirdo's and freaks and zero's like her. ~ Lauren Oliver,
974:I worry about Lily, sluggish as she is. Will she see Carter's truths? Will he tell her? God knows she won't hear them. She's moving too fast to hear anyone's music but her own. She's so set, but I know he could make her settled. I tried to sync their noise into music, but they both pushed back. Too obdurate to be oblong.
Silly Lily. How can she resist someone who brings gum and sounds like math? ~ Emily McKay,
975:New Rule: Food companies must face the facts: One container equals one serving. Look, we’re Americans, and that means once we open the bag, there’s no stopping us until we’re licking stray bits of powdered cheese off the carpet. So stop trying to give us nutritional information based on a fraction of the package. It assumes a talent for two things that we’re really not capable of: restraint and math. ~ Bill Maher,
976:What’s infinity plus one?” I interrupted Katy, asking Finn my own question. “It’s still infinity,” Finn said, sighing.
“Wrong. It’s two.”
“Oh yeah? How do you figure?”
I pointed at Finn and said, “Infinity.” Then I pointed at myself and said, “Plus one. That’s two, genius.”
“I really wish I hadn’t told you my name.”
“Ha. Gotcha! You think you’re so good at math, but I just stumped you. ~ Amy Harmon,
977:I feel like I'm playing some giant video game, or trying to solve a really complicated math equation. 'One girl is trying to avoid forty raiding parties of between fifteen to twenty people each, spread out across a radius of seven miles. If she has to make it 2.7 miles through the center, what is the probablitiy she will wake up tomorrow morning in a jail cell? Please feel free to round pi to 3.14'. ~ Lauren Oliver,
978:Math ain't about numbers! If you think math is about numbers, you probably think that Shakespeare is all about words. You probably think that dancing is all about shoes. You probably think that music is all about notes. Math ain't about numbers! Math is about logic, it's about beauty, it's about connections, it's about how you get from one place to another. ~ Cliff Stoll, Klein Bottles - Numberphile (June 22, 2015),
979:One day he finally got a math concept (converting between hours and fractions of hours, as I remember) he'd been struggling and struggling with, so I praised him up and down, and told him it was a good day, a day to remember.   "It was just one minute," he said. "What's the rest of the day gonna do for me?"   "Sometimes you only get one good minute a day," I said. "You just have to make the most of it. ~ Claire Cook,
980:Music is math, and once you understand that . . . How can anyone not be in awe? It’s the audible expression behind the laws of the universe. It feels like the only thing, apart from God, that lives outside time. Once released, it lives on and it can make you laugh and cry, rip you apart and heal you, all within a few discrete notes strung together. And while it follows rules, expression is limitless. ~ Katherine Reay,
981:But had it been the wine? Maybe it was something else. I was no math expert, but this was an intoxicating equation: Hot Guy with Mysterious Past + Way With Pretty Words x Chivalry at Beach / His Aloofness at Coffee Shop (Immunity to My Face & Flirty Efforts) + Innuendo at Hardware Store x Honest Confession about OCD Struggles —> Curiosity + Arousal (Belly Flutters + Pulse Quickening)=ATTACKISS. ~ Melanie Harlow,
982:There's no such thing as "The One", she once said. They were at dinner in Taipei, with a supplier and his wife. The couple had been married forty years. The idea that there's just one person in the world you're meant to be with, it's illogical, she said. She'd had a few drinks and was enjoying her own loud thoughts. The math just doesn't work! Who you end up with, it's really just an accident of proximity. ~ Dave Eggers,
983:Think of those fingers as abilities. A creative person may write, paint, sculpt, or think up math formulae;
he or she might dance or sing or play a musical instrument. Those are the fingers, but creativity is the hand that gives them life.
& just as all hands are basically the same - form follows function - all creative people are the same once you get down to the place where the fingers join. ~ Stephen King,
984:There are many different experiences that cause girls to relinquish their true selves. In early adolescence girls learn how important appearance is in defining social acceptability. Attractiveness is both a necessary and a sufficient condition for girls' success. This is an old, old problem. Helen of Troy didn't launch a thousand ships because she was a hard worker. Juliet wasn't loved for her math ability. ~ Mary Pipher,
985:I know why you didn’t get the money. I was wondering how much sixteen million dollars weighs.” “I can tell you exactly. Bank gets hit, they tell us how many of each denomination was lost. Tally that up, you know how many bills; you have four hundred fifty-four bills in a pound, doesn’t matter what denominations—just do the math. This particular sixteen million weighs eleven hundred forty-two pounds.” Holman ~ Robert Crais,
986:You went to school," Lee said. "I mean, at some point. And it didn't suit you very well. They wanted to teach you things you didn't care about. Dates and math and trivia about dead presidents. They didn't teach persuasion. Your ability to persuade is the single most important determinant of your quality of life, and they didn't cover that at all. Well, we do. And we're looking for students with natural aptitude. ~ Max Barry,
987:At the end of the day, when I am lying in bed and I know the chances of any of our theology being exactly right are a million to one, I need to know that God has things figured out, that if my math is wrong we are still going to be okay. And wonder is that feeling we get when we let go of our silly answers, our mapped out rules that we want God to follow. I don't think there is any better worship than wonder. ~ Donald Miller,
988:At the end of the day, when I am lying in bed and I know the chances of any of our theology being exactly right are a million to one, I need to know that God has things figured out, that if my math is wrong we are still going to be okay. And wonder is that feeling we get when we let go of our silly answers, our mapped out rules that we want God to follow. I don’t think there is any better worship than wonder. ~ Donald Miller,
989:If you want me to fix your homework, you need to leave me alone.” Then he spotted her. “You’re back.” “Yeah.” She glanced between him and Gabriel. “You do his homework?” “Just the math. It’s a miracle he can count to ten.” “I can count to one.” Gabriel gave him the finger.

Kemmerer, Brigid (2012-04-24). Storm (Elemental Book 1) (Kindle Locations 1073-1076). Kensington Publishing Corp. Kindle Edition. ~ Brigid Kemmerer,
990:Holmes, too, continued to embrace an exalted image of herself. In her acceptance speech at Glamour magazine’s Women of the Year Awards at Carnegie Hall, she held herself up as a role model for young women. “Do everything you can to be the best in science and math and engineering,” she urged them. “It’s that that our little girls will see when they start to think about who do they want to be when they grow up. ~ John Carreyrou,
991:I'd say it's that most people think that very wealthy people take huge risks and that's why they have huge rewards. But the very best on earth are completely obsessed with not losing money. That sounds overly simplistic, but they know that if you lost 50 percent, it takes 100 percent to get even. Most people don't make that math in their head, so it takes years and years. They are obsessed with not losing money. ~ Tony Robbins,
992:Men with more “masculine” 2D:4D ratios tend toward higher levels of aggression and math scores; more assertive personalities; higher rates of ADHD and autism (diseases with strong male biases); and decreased risk of depression and anxiety (disorders with a female skew). The faces and handwriting of such men are judged to be more “masculine.” Furthermore, some reports show a decreased likelihood of being gay. ~ Robert M Sapolsky,
993:The historical resonances are sharp. [Louis] Brandeis is nominated on Jan. 28, 1916. Confirmed on June 1. Waits 125 days between nomination and confirmation, which remains an unbroken record, although Merrick Garland will surpass it in July, if my math is right. Anti-Semitism was definitely not the central reason for the opposition, which tended to focus more on his anti-corporate radicalism, but it was a theme. ~ Jeffrey Rosen,
994:There are other reasons we use math in physics. Besides keeping us honest, math is also the most economical and unambiguous terminology that we know of. Language is malleable; it depends on context and interpretation. But math doesn’t care about culture or history. If a thousand people read a book, they read a thousand different books. But if a thousand people read an equation, they read the same equation. ~ Sabine Hossenfelder,
995:One day, you look in the mirror, and see gray hair. One day, you realize there is less of your life left than what you’ve already lived. And you think, How did this happen so fast? It was only yesterday when I was having my first legal drink, when I was diapering him, when I was young. When this realization hits, you start doing the math. How much time do I have left? How much can I fit into that small space? Some ~ Jodi Picoult,
996:I don't want to exaggerate; having as many African American men as we've had in the criminal-justice system, and the amount of time it takes for the damage done by that to wash through our society and our communities, the disadvantages born out of kids being undiagnosed with mental-health problems early, or not getting the kind of exposure to reading and math when they're 4 or 5 or 6 years old, that carries a cost. ~ Barack Obama,
997:Every branch of science likes to think it’s important, and of course, they all are. But they’re specializations. Much of biology, for example, is biochemistry, which is a specialization of organic chemistry, which is a specialization of chemistry, which is a specialization of physics, and physics is practical mathematics. No matter which set of matryoshka dolls you open in science, the innermost is always math. ~ Jonathan L Howard,
998:Okay. Morality in a nutshell. Don't hurt people if you can avoid it. Don't steal stuff unless you're starving or it's really, really important. Work hard. Pay your bills. Try to help others. Always double-check your math if there are explosives involved. If you screwed it up, you need to see it gets fixed. And don't eat anything that talks. If it doesn't fall under one of those categories, just do the best you can. ~ Ursula Vernon,
999:Programming was very different from mathematics, as it was far more creative. In math, there was one right answer, and you worked at a problem until you got to that answer. In programming, there were an infinite number of answers that could be considered correct, just as there might be when writing a book. But the results of programming, unlike a written story, were tangible. Your program had to actually do something. ~ B V Larson,
1000:The effort to solve the three-body problem was a thread that ran through several hundreds of cycles of Trisolaran civilization. Most Redemptionists with some in-depth math and physics knowledge had attempted the three-body problem, and even after knowing that the problem was mathematically unsolvable as posed, the effort did not cease, because solving the three-body problem had become a religious ritual of their faith. ~ Liu Cixin,
1001:Ask an English-speaking seven-year-old to add thirty-seven plus twenty-two in her head, and she has to convert the words to numbers (37 + 22). Only then can she do the math: 2 plus 7 is 9 and 30 and 20 is 50, which makes 59. Ask an Asian child to add three-tens-seven and two-tens-two, and then the necessary equation is right there, embedded in the sentence. No number translation is necessary: It’s five-tens-nine. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
1002:what is JUST in a world
you’ve ripped in two
as if there could be
a half for me
a half for you
what is FAIR when
there is nothing
left to share
what is YOURS when
your pain is mine to bear
this sad math is mine
this mad path is mine
subtract they say
don’t cry
back to the desk
try
forget addition
multiply
and i reply
this is why
remainders
hate
division ~ Kami Garcia,
1003:...I think there's only one [thing] that anybody teaches, and this is character. And I think that whether you are teaching history, math, or biology, or music, what you are really doing is, you are helping to shape the character of that person who is your student... Music is such a wonderful teaching tool, because while you are developing musical skills, that student can learn a lot about discipline [and] cooperation. ~ Rich Mullins,
1004:Q: What’s hard for you? A: Mostly I straddle reality and the imagination. My reality needs imagination like a bulb needs a socket. My imagination needs reality like a blind man needs a cane. Math is hard. Reading a map. Following orders. Carpentry. Electronics. Plumbing. Remembering things correctly. Straight lines. Sheet rock. Finding a safety pin. Patience with others. Ordering in Chinese. Stereo instructions in German. ~ Tom Waits,
1005:According to the United States Department of Education (DOE), the 2013 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)11 reports that only 26 percent of the nation’s twelfth graders are proficient in math and only 38 percent are proficient in reading. There is also a twenty-nine percentage point gap between the reading proficiency of white and black twelfth-grade students. And these numbers are unchanged since 2009.12 ~ Mark R Levin,
1006:Maybe Lindsay and I are best friends and we hate each other, both. Maybe I’m only one math class away from being a slut like Anna Cartullo. Maybe I am like her, deep down. Maybe we all are: just one lunch period away from eating alone in the bathroom. I wonder if it’s ever really possible to know the truth about someone else, or if the best we can do is just stumble into each other, heads down, hoping to avoid collision. ~ Lauren Oliver,
1007:There was quite a lot of competitiveness about it, with everybody wanting to beat not only cancer itself, but also the other people in the room. Like, I realize that this is irrational, but when they tell you that you have, say, a 20 percent chance of living five years, the math kicks in and you figure that’s one in five . . . so you look around and think, as any healthy person would: I gotta outlast four of these bastards. ~ John Green,
1008:though, will improve her math and reading skills, and every carefree summer day she spends puts her further and further behind Alex. Alex isn’t necessarily smarter than Katie. He’s just out-learning her: he’s putting in a few solid months of learning during the summer while she watches television and plays outside. What Alexander’s work suggests is that the way in which education has been discussed in the United States ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
1009:You’re smart then . . . aren’t you, Finn?” I heard the awe in my own voice. It wasn’t a question. I had never been school smart, and marveled at those who were. “I thought you were. I was never any good with numbers. Math has always been like a murky pond, and me, a hillbilly stabbing at the fish with a pokey stick, trying to get lucky.”
“That doesn’t make any sense, Bonnie.” Finn laughed softly.
“That’s my point, Clyde ~ Amy Harmon,
1010:Q: What’s hard for you?

A: Mostly I straddle reality and the imagination. My reality needs imagination like a bulb needs a socket. My imagination needs reality like a blind man needs a cane. Math is hard. Reading a map. Following orders. Carpentry. Electronics. Plumbing. Remembering things correctly. Straight lines. Sheet rock. Finding a safety pin. Patience with others. Ordering in Chinese. Stereo instructions in German. ~ Tom Waits,
1011:The key to good worldbuilding is leaving out most of what you create. You, as the author, had damn well better know the where all that dragon food comes from, but that doesn't mean that I, as a reader, want to read a five thousand word essay about you explaining it to me. I don't need to see the math, but I can tell by the details you provide whether or not you've thought these things through to their logical conclusions. ~ Patrick Rothfuss,
1012:My family tried to educate me in the way they thought a young woman should be. But I wanted to learn about mathmatics. I must have gotten that from my father, he was a master of math and science, and I always liked that sort of thing, too. Of course my mother and father did not agree with me on becoming more educated in mathmatics, but I was persistent and eventualy they gave in and I was taught by a wonderful teacher. ~ Florence Nightingale,
1013:Your first kiss isn’t as important as your last.
The math test really didn’t matter.
The pie really did.
The stuff you’re good at and the stuff you’re bad at are just different parts of the same thing.
Same goes for the people you love and the people you don’t–and the people who love you and the people who don’t.
The only thing that mattered was that you cared about a few people.
Life is really, really short. ~ Kami Garcia,
1014:When I was a child, all problems had ended with a single word from my father. A smile from him was sunshine, his scowl a bolt of thunder. He was smart, and generous, and honorable without fail. He could exile a trespasser, check my math homework, and fix the leaky bathroom sink, all before dinner. For the longest time, I thought he was invincible. Above the petty problems that plagued normal people.

And now he was gone. ~ Rachel Vincent,
1015:George Dantzig was a graduate student in math at Berkeley. One day, as usual, he rushed in late to his math class and quickly copied the two homework problems from the blackboard. When he later went to do them, he found them very difficult, and it took him several days of hard work to crack them open and solve them. They turned out not to be homework problems at all. They were two famous math problems that had never been solved. ~ Carol S Dweck,
1016:Despite the lack of money, the instability, and the politics I'd yet to really understand, I found myself having fun. Which was surprising since I'd found myself on a path defined by uncertainty: the very thing I'd been trying to outmaneuver by throwing myself into college, banking, and that godforsaken math class. I wasn't sure where writing would take me, but I was sure that doing it made me feel alive in a way I hadn't before. ~ Anne T Donahue,
1017:In most countries, attending some kind of early childhood program (i.e., preschool or prekindergarten) led to real and lasting benefits. On average, kids who did so for more than a year scored much higher in math by age fifteen (more than a year ahead of other students). But in the United States, kids’ economic backgrounds overwhelmed this advantage. The quality of the early childhood program seemed to matter more than the quantity. ~ Amanda Ripley,
1018:It's amazing to me that not only can we put a probe around Saturn and get images of its moons, but our math and physics are so freaking accurate we can say, "Hey, you know what? On this date at this time if we turn Cassini that way we'll see a moon over 2 million kilometers away pass in front of another one nearly 3 million kilometers away." Every morning, I have a 50/50 chance of finding my keys. That kinda puts things in perspective. ~ Phil Plait,
1019:I've written about 2,000 short stories; I've only published 300 and I feel I'm still learning. Any man who keeps working is not a failure. He may not be a great writer, but if he applies the old fashioned virtues of hard, constant labor, he'll eventually make some kind of career for himself as a writer. Ray Bradbury, 1967 interview (Doing the Math - that means for every story he sold, he wrote six "un-publishable" ones. Keep typing!) ~ Ray Bradbury,
1020:Which meant there was quite a lot of competitiveness about it, with everybody wanting to beat not only cancer itself, but also the other people in the room. Like, I realize that this is irrational, but when they tell you that you have, say, a 20 percent chance of living five years, the math kicks in and you figure that’s one in five . . . so you look around and think, as any healthy person would: I gotta outlast four of these bastards. ~ John Green,
1021:The New START accord cuts the strategic nuclear arsenals on each side to 1,550 warheads. Can any of its critics make a case that our security would be imperiled if, the very next day, Obama and Medvedev made moves to take the levels down to 1,000—then to 500?

If so, come show us the math. If not, it may be time to stop making arms control so politically complicated—time to stop letting arms control get in the way of disarmament. ~ Fred Kaplan,
1022:We are Alaskan Native Indians, Native Hawaiians, and European expatriate Indians, Indians from eight different tribes with quarter-blood quantum requirements and so not federally recognized Indian kinds of Indians. We are enrolled members of tribes and disenrolled members, ineligible members and tribal council members. We are full-blood, half-breed, quadroon, eighths, sixteenths, thirty-seconds. Undoable math. Insignificant remainders. ~ Tommy Orange,
1023:We, however, have all kinds of different ideas about what happiness is. Some must go bungee jumping to experience a rush of joy, while others find bliss staying home. Some are happy in a concert hall, listening to classical music, while children on a playground could be music to the ears of others. Some people experience elation when they solve a complicated equation, while for others a cancelled math class is a happy childhood memory. ~ Haim Shapira,
1024:In whatever you choose to do, do it because it's hard, not because it's easy. Math and physics and astrophysics are hard. For every hard thing you accomplish, fewer other people are out there doing the same thing as you. That's what doing something hard means. And in the limit of this, everyone beats a path to your door because you're the only one around who understands the impossible concept or who solves the unsolvable problem. ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson,
1025:Probably nothing,” Tom ventured, wanting it to be true.
Prophet didn’t argue, but they both decided that school was off-limits for a bit. Remy, of course, didn’t mind a damned bit. Mal offered to tutor him in the interim and that actually worked out quite well. Then again, for all Tom knew, math was a code for bomb building.
When he mentioned that to Prophet, all he got in response was, “They’re both useful life skills. ~ S E Jakes,
1026:When will it begin, anyway?" Sirus held his gaze for a moment, his eyes full of concern- a concern that Joss didn't understand. "Probably sooner than you're ready for." "When's that?" "Well." Sirus sighed, as if doing the math in his head."It'll take us about three minutes to gather this stuff and get to the cabin, and another two or three for Abraham to realize you're here. So I'd say you have about seven more minutes of freedom left. ~ Heather Brewer,
1027:Owing to the math, many of us would never get the chance to marry. But neither would we be welcome to stay on. Five years from now, quite a few of my bunkhouse roommates would be gone from Paradise. Some would run away, but many would be kicked out. Nobody spoke of this practice, of course. There were many, many idiosyncrasies at Paradise that were not to be mentioned aloud, but the throwing away of half our young men was the ugliest one. ~ Sarina Bowen,
1028:I've written about 2,000 short stories; I've only published 300 and I feel I'm still learning. Any man who keeps working is not a failure. He may not be a great writer, but if he applies the old fashioned virtues of hard, constant labor, he'll eventually make some kind of career for himself as a writer.
Ray Bradbury, 1967 interview
(Doing the Math - that means for every story he sold, he wrote six "un-publishable" ones. Keep typing!) ~ Ray Bradbury,
1029:But over the last decade, neuroscientists have discovered that, like an eager student, the brain is remarkably responsive to experience. Ask your brain to do math every day, and it gets better at math. Ask your brain to worry, and it gets better at worrying. Ask your brain to concentrate, and it gets better at concentrating. Not only does your brain find these things easier, but it actually remodels itself based on what you ask it to do. ~ Kelly McGonigal,
1030:As I said in my last book, birds are mean. They're the only pet that, when they escape, the owners are relieved. You can tell a species is evil by doing this simple math. If my blond lab Molly was the size of T-Rex, that would just mean more kibble, more work for the gardener in the backyard, and a harder time moving her to my wife's side of the bed at night. If birds were the size of a T-Rex, the streets would be littered with human remains. ~ Adam Carolla,
1031:He spotted Linda Coldren in a private grandstand tent overlooking the eighteenth hole. She wore sunglasses and a baseball cap pulled low. Myron looked up at her. She did not look back. Her expression was one of mild confusion, like she was working on a math word problem or trying to recall the name behind a familiar face. For some reason, the expression troubled Myron. He stayed in her line of vision, hoping she’d signal to him. She didn’t. Tad ~ Harlan Coben,
1032:When you're the guy behind the camera, you're aware of the reasons for the compromises or the changes that get made. As an actor, you go and do your thing, and someone else down the line then does all the math and goes, "We can't include that thing where he's pretending to be dumb and needling those people, because it takes a minute and a half, and it ruins the next scene. It doesn't make sense." If you're directing, you're the one doing that. ~ Casey Affleck,
1033:For all the time schools devote to the teaching of mathematics, very little (if any) is spent trying to convey just what the subject is about. Instead, the focus is on learning and applying various procedures to solve math problems. That's a bit like explaining soccer by saying it is executing a series of maneuvers to get the ball into the goal. Both accurately describe various key features, but they miss the what and the why of the big picture. ~ Keith Devlin,
1034:I did become homesick, and whenever that happened, I'd hide away in the school library, where the books filled rows and rows of shelves. I'd find a chair and study my lesson books in geography, social studies, biology, and math. I'd lose myself in American and African history, and within the colorful maps of the world. No matter how foreign and lonely the world was outside, the books always reminded me of home, sitting under the mango tree. ~ William Kamkwamba,
1035:In third period Math, we were forced to sit in alphabetical order. Which put me right behind Logan, who was throwing all those passes to Aiden in the scrimmage. He took off his navy blazer and when he leaned forward to write, I could see muscles bulging across his back and shoulders. I can already tell Math is going to suck, but at least I’ll have a nice view.
It’s like what Grandpa always says about real estate. Location, location, location. ~ Jillian Dodd,
1036:The community certainly included black English professors, like my mother, as well as black doctors and dentists, black mechanics, janitors, and contractors, black cobblers, wedding planners, real estate agents, and undertakers, several black lawyers, and a handful of black Mary Kay salespeople. As a child, however, I knew so many African Americans working in science, math, and engineering that I thought that’s just what black folks did. ~ Margot Lee Shetterly,
1037:When you could discern a real threat from everything else, it was called caution. When you couldn't, it was called paranoia.

...

You cannot separate paranoia from knowledge. The more you know, the more possibilities you see. The more possibilities you see, the more possibilities someone else sees. The more "someones" there are, the more "they" there are. It's a matter of simple math before you realize that They might not like you. ~ Craig Clevenger,
1038:As independent as the kid appeared, a twelve-year-old had no business living on her own in an abandoned house. “What are your favorite subjects?” “Math.” “Really? Good for you. I’m terrible at math, though I can do percentages very well.” “Why?” “I’m a bartender. I can calculate tips off the top of my head. I suppose you do much higher math than that.” “Trigonometry and geometry are pretty fun.” Lucy sipped her soda. “Fun? I’m impressed. So do ~ Mary Ellen Taylor,
1039:Q&As covered my fave color (purple), my fave shows (Family Ties and Cosby), my height (5′ 7″), weight (130 pounds) and eye color (hazel). They also printed false information. One said my parents were a psychologist and a newspaper reporter. Sure, my television parents held those careers—my real parents were a math/P.E. teacher and a housewife/manager (of me). I was supposed to be the coolest kid on the planet, but no one knew what a dork I was. ~ Kirk Cameron,
1040:When I heard they would be in Birmingham in two days, I had one request. “Bring my school bag,” I pleaded to my father. “If you can’t go to Swat to fetch it, no matter—buy new books for me, because in March it’s my board examination.” Of course I wanted to come first in class. I especially wanted my physics book because physics is difficult for me, and I needed to practice numericals, as my math is not so good and they are hard for me to solve. ~ Malala Yousafzai,
1041:The product of mathematics is clarity and understanding. Not theorems, by themselves. Is there, for example any real reason that even such famous results as Fermat's Last Theorem, or the Poincaré conjecture, really matter? Their real importance is not in their specific statements, but their role in challenging our understanding, presenting challenges that led to mathematical developments that increased our understanding. ~ Bill Thurston, Math Overflow, Oct 30 2010.,
1042:The real truth - like anything, you have an idea about something you might write and it changes. People reflect on it or you get other ideas and maybe your original idea is radically different than how it ends up being. It's not a theorem. You don't sit down and prove something. You start with an initial idea and it grows and grows. The math of the narrative changes. In some ways your original document and what the film ends up being are quite different. ~ Matt Ross,
1043:Amusingly, Christopher Columbus totally bungled this by relying on subsequent less-accurate calculations and confusing Arabic miles with Italian miles, concluding that he needed to sail only 3,700 km to reach the Orient when the true value was 19,600 km. He clearly wouldn’t have gotten his trip funded if he’d done his math right, and he clearly wouldn’t have survived if America hadn’t existed, so sometimes being lucky is more important than being right. ~ Max Tegmark,
1044:DEMON MATH
What is JUST in a world
you've ripped in two
as if there could be
a half for me
a half for you
what is FAIR when
there is nothing
left to share
what is YOURS when
your pain is mine to bear
this sad math is mine
this mad path is mine
subtract they say
don't cry
back to the desk
try
forget addition
multiply
and i reply
this is why
remainders
hate
division. ~ Kami Garcia,
1045:Loren looked at Christ on the cross behind the Mother Superior’s head. She remembered an old joke, one she heard when she first got here. A boy is getting all Ds and Fs in math so his parents send him to Catholic school. On his first report card, his parents are shocked to see their son getting straight As. When his parents ask him why, he says, “Well, when I went into the chapel and saw that guy nailed to a plus sign, I knew they were serious.” Mother ~ Harlan Coben,
1046:Of course, being a mathematician, I'm always looking for ways to avoid tedious mundane labor. Especially if it means I get to do a bunch of interesting abstract thinking. That's kind of the whole math thing: working hard to find ways to get out of working hard. If you are really, really lazy, and also happen to be really, really clever, then math just might be the life for you (assuming you also have no interest in wealth, fame, or popularity). ~ Paul Lockhart,
1047:Nonmathematical people sometimes ask me, “You know math, huh? Tell me something I’ve always wondered, What is infinity divided by infinity?” I can only reply, “The words you just uttered do not make sense. That was not a mathematical sentence. You spoke of ‘infinity’ as if it were a number. It’s not. You may as well ask, ‘What is truth divided by beauty?’ I have no clue. I only know how to divide numbers.‘Infinity,’ ‘truth,’ ‘beauty’—those are not numbers. ~ Anonymous,
1048:So what were your favorite subjects in school?"

"School?" He leaned back in his chair as though he needed the extra space to think about it. "Probably math. It always made sense. Unlike English, economics, and girls."

"And exactly how do you plan on taking over the free world if you don't understand economics?"

"I'll hire advisers. I'll hire you, in fact."

"Okay. Let me know when your army of junior high zombies is ready. ~ Janette Rallison,
1049:When will it begin, anyway?"
Sirus held his gaze for a moment, his eyes full of concern- a concern that Joss didn't understand.
"Probably sooner than you're ready for."
"When's that?"
"Well." Sirus sighed, as if doing the math in his head."It'll take us about three minutes to gather this stuff and get to the cabin, and another two or three for Abraham to realize you're here. So I'd say you have about seven more minutes of freedom left. ~ Heather Brewer,
1050:Yes, in Math City: 2 + 2 + him (her) = 5 not 4.
And again yes: A stupid man + 5 stupid women + him (her) = 7 stupid or A stupid woman + 5 stupid men + him (her) = 7 stupid.
Professor Six discovered this formula when he was studying about businessman. He saw that a businessman buys 3 apple, but the businessman sales 3 apple + his own benefit which is = 4 apple. Yes, Professor Six announced: "Businessman means "Business" + "Man" = Business + Him = 2 ~ Ahmad Amani,
1051:My parents were so generally unimpressed with their own children that I really believed I could, I don’t know, win something like a Nobel Peace Prize, and they’d only reluctantly attend the ceremony, all the while pointing out that lots of people won Nobel Prizes, that, in fact, they gave out Nobel Prizes every year, and anyway the peace prize was clearly the prize for slackers, so maybe next time I should focus my energy on physics or math or something. ~ Tahereh Mafi,
1052:As far as I know, Clifford Pickover is the first mathematician to write a book about areas where math and theology overlap. Are there mathematical proofs of God? Who are the great mathematicians who believed in a deity? Does numerology lead anywhere when applied to sacred literature? Pickover covers these and many other off-trail topics with his usual verve, humor, and clarity. And along the way the reader will learn a great deal of serious mathematics. ~ Martin Gardner,
1053:Today so many creative and devoted teachers not only have to struggle against unimaginative administrations, fearful parents, and wearied colleagues, they have also to battle entire legislative bodies that have never taught a child yet dare to equate educational success or failure with the ability of fourth graders to choose one out of four given answers to mind-numbing questions that have nothing to do with the joy of literature or the elegance of math. ~ Esm Raji Codell,
1054:Working an integral or performing a linear regression is something a computer can do quite effectively. Understanding whether the result makes sense—or deciding whether the method is the right one to use in the first place—requires a guiding human hand. When we teach mathematics we are supposed to be explaining how to be that guide. A math course that fails to do so is essentially training the student to be a very slow, buggy version of Microsoft Excel. ~ Jordan Ellenberg,
1055:I’ve had several seriously sexual daydreams about the new guy. Have you seen him?” “Cin, I didn’t need to know that.” I jammed my math book into my backpack and slammed the locker door. Cindy rested her petite frame against the locker next to mine. Her radiant baby blues twinkled. “No, I haven’t seen him. Apparently he’s . . . cute?” I asked. She snorted. “Cute? No! He isn’t a kitten. He’s hot, sexier than hell, and has a voice that could melt chocolate. ~ RaShelle Workman,
1056:That first winter, when it was time for her friends to leave, the girl ventured out into the show to say goodbye, and the stunning raven-haired Squaller handed her another gift.

"A blue kefta," said the math teacher, shaking her head. "What would she do with that?"

"Maybe she knew a Grisha who died," replied the cook, taking note of the tears that filled the girl's eyes. They did not see the note that read, You will always be one of us. ~ Leigh Bardugo,
1057:There are people at the extremes who aren't able to do anything musically, and then others sort of fall in the middle. And the same thing with math, and the same thing with art. You'll find people who are geniuses, or prodigies at the far end of the bell shaped curve, and I think you will find some of the acquired savants in that category who happened to have been endowed with that kind of talent, which explains why not everyone becomes an acquired savant. ~ Darold Treffert,
1058:Nonmathematical people sometimes ask me, “You know math, huh? Tell me something I’ve always wondered, What is infinity divided by infinity?” I can only reply, “The words you just uttered do not make sense. That was not a mathematical sentence. You spoke of ‘infinity’ as if it were a number. It’s not. You may as well ask, 'What is truth divided by beauty?’ I have no clue. I only know how to divide numbers. ‘Infinity,’ ‘truth,’ ‘beauty’—those are not numbers. ~ John Derbyshire,
1059:And again. I kept clicking until the photograph was demolished, until it was no more than a mosaic of gray tiles, adding up to nothing.
Nothing. Because wasn’t that how I felt that day? If you zoom close—if you really get close to someone, if you really get close to yourself—then you
lose the other person, you lose yourself entirely. You get so close you can’t see anything anymore. Your mind becomes all these abstract fragments.
English becomes math. ~ David Levithan,
1060:Ain't all buttons and charts, little albatross. Know what the first rule of flying is? Well I s'pose you do, since you already know what I'm 'bout to say.

I do. But I like to hear you say it.

Love. Can know all the math in the 'verse but take a boat in the air that you don't love? She'll shake you off just as sure as a turn in the worlds. Love keeps her in the air when she oughta fall down...tell you she's hurtin' 'fore she keens...makes her a home. ~ Joss Whedon,
1061:I studied physics at Princeton when I was a college student, and my initial intention was to major in it but to also be a writer. What I discovered, because it was a very high-powered physics program with its own fusion reactor, was that to keep up with my fellow students in that program I would need to dedicate myself to math and physics all the time and let writing go. And I couldn't let writing go, so I let physics go and became a science fan and a storyteller. ~ Jon Spaihts,
1062:I didn't think I was good at anything, didn't do well in school. And then in the third grade, I was going to a public school. And the teacher was putting math problems on the board. And I said to myself - it's amazing how you can remember certain incidents at any age that made an impression - I asked myself why is she putting those up when the answers are obvious. And then I saw it wasn't obvious to anybody else in the class. So I said, "Hey, I'm good at something." ~ Charles Koch,
1063:Weight Watchers points is a beautiful system for someone who is absentminded about food. They aren’t the greatest for someone who has had eating disorders all her life. The world became numbers to me and I was doing more math than I ever had before. I got off Weight Watchers and went back to just counting calories. The world became different kinds of numbers, the old, familiar kind. This is how I eat now. The world is still numbers, but it is algebra, not calculus. ~ Melissa Broder,
1064:Superstar lawyers and math whizzes and software entrepreneurs appear at first blush to lie outside ordinary experience. But they don't. They are products of history and community, of opportunity and legacy. Their success is not exceptional or mysterious. It is grounded in a web of advantages and inheritances, some deserved, some not, some earned, some just plain lucky--but all critical to making them who they are. The outlier, in the end, is not an outlier at all. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
1065:I've seen pretty clear, ever since I was a young un, as religion's something else besides notions. It isn't notions sets people doing the right things--it's feelings. It's the same with the notions in religion as it is with math'matics--a man may be able to work problems straight off in's head as he sits by the fire and smokes his pipe; but if he has to make a machine or a building, he must have a will and a resolution, and love something else better than his own ease. ~ George Eliot,
1066:public class MergeBU
{
private static Comparable[] aux; // auxiliary array for merges
// See page 271 for merge() code.
public static void sort(Comparable[] a)
{ // Do lg N passes of pairwise merges.
int N = a.length;
aux = new Comparable[N];
for (int sz = 1; sz < N; sz = sz+sz) // sz: subarray size
for (int lo = 0; lo < N-sz; lo += sz+sz) // lo: subarray index
merge(a, lo, lo+sz-1, Math.min(lo+sz+sz-1, N-1));
}
} ~ Robert Sedgewick,
1067:Superstar lawyers and math whizzes and software entrepreneurs appear at first blush to lie outside ordinary experience. But they don't. They are products of history and community, of opportunity and legacy. Their success is not exceptional or mysterious. It is grounded in a web of advantages and inheritances, some deserved, some not, some earned, some just plain lucky - but all critical to making them who they are. The outlier, in the end, is not an outlier at all. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
1068:And for the record, Mama has lovingly prepared that food for him for almost sixty years. The math involved in that level of cooking dedication blows my mind, because three hot meals a day times 350 days a year (I’m allowing for some days off for travel and such) times sixty years equals roughly 63,000 meals, at which point you have to conclude that it might be appropriate at this stage in Mama’s life for somebody to give her a bottomless gift card to the Cracker Barrel. ~ Sophie Hudson,
1069:For me, promotional thing about some new album coming out destroys a lot of the excitement of making records. Records, movies, books - they're not supposed to be like math books. The purpose of them is to kind of take us out of ourselves and give us some sort of alternate experience or respite. To try to maximize the relationship of listening to a record through promotion is like experiencing driving a car by reading about stimulus programs. It kind of defeats the purpose. ~ Will Oldham,
1070:That day.
Even though my back is turned,
I can see what's going on.
The sound of their taunting-
I know what that looks like.
Words like freak and loser-
I know what kind of face says them.
Our teacher is ignoring it;
he does not have the strength to deal with it.
Or maybe he agrees with what's being said.
He agrees by talking math as the notebook
is pulled out of Anton's hand.
Even though he sees what's going on,
his back is turned. ~ David Levithan,
1071:The entropy of a system is related to the number of indistinguishable rearrangements of its constituents, but properly speaking is not equal to the number itself. The relationship is expressed by a mathematical operation called a logarithm; don't be put off if this brings back bad memories of high school math class. In our coin example, it simply means that you pick out the exponent in the number of rearrangements-that is, the entropy is defined as 1,000 rather than 2^1000. ~ Brian Greene,
1072:Hubble’s work confirmed his math—and refuted Einstein’s general theory of relativity. Furthermore, he deduced, if the universe was expanding equally in all directions, it must have initiated in a massive explosion from a single point. This meant that the universe is not infinitely old; it has a certain age, and that the moment of creation—which British astronomer Fred Hoyle later mockingly called the “big bang”—was analogous to God’s first command: Let there be light. ~ Shawn Lawrence Otto,
1073:As Denise Pope outlined in “Doing School,” kids today have tremendous pressure to simply get the work done—to “do school”—rather than to learn. They learn to do tasks, to produce every element the teacher wants to see in a five-paragraph essay, or to memorize every term in bio and every formula in math. They think their next task is to get into certain schools in order to be a success in life, and this mind-set often then extends to career and professional pursuits. I ~ Julie Lythcott Haims,
1074:Ask your child for information in a gentle, nonjudgmental way, with specific, clear questions. Instead of “How was your day?” try “What did you do in math class today?” Instead of “Do you like your teacher?” ask “What do you like about your teacher?” Or “What do you not like so much?” Let her take her time to answer. Try to avoid asking, in the overly bright voice of parents everywhere, “Did you have fun in school today?!” She’ll sense how important it is that the answer be yes. ~ Susan Cain,
1075:On the SB5 Stanford-Binet intelligence test Isaiah’s reasoning scores were near genius levels. His abilities came naturally but were honed in his math classes. He was formally introduced to inductive reasoning in geometry, a tenth-grade subject he took in the eighth. His teacher, Mrs. Washington, was a severe woman who looked to be all gristle underneath her brightly colored pantsuits. Lavender, Kelly green, peach. She talked to the class like somebody had tricked her into it. “All ~ Joe Ide,
1076:Ogling Douglas' wife, who looked trampily deep into bipolar meds & high-end anti-aging crêmes, Jerzy thought: Now that is a hot fuck. He wondered if Douglas got his C by being wayback viral throatstroked by papilloma.....seems like a person would have to go down on a boatload of broads to get HPV in the gullet (well, do the math), if the actor scarfed half as much pussy as dimpled dad kirk-King Leer, Kirk the lyin' King-then he just might have qualified. ~ Bruce Wagner,
1077:Let me say something at the outset. The questions that have been asked so far in this debate illustrate why the American people don't trust the media. This is not a cage match. And, you look at the questions - "Donald Trump, are you a comic-book villain?" "Ben Carson, can you do math?" "John Kasich, will you insult two people over here?" "Marco Rubio, why don't you resign?" "Jeb Bush, why have your numbers fallen?" How about talking about the substantive issues the people care about? ~ Ted Cruz,
1078:Most would live into adulthood, as Patrick had.
(Which meant there was quite a lot of competitiveness about it, with everybody wanting to beat not only cancer itself, but also the other people in the room. Like, I realize that this is irrational, but when they tell you that you have, say, a 20 percent chance of living five years, the math kicks in and you figure that’s one in five…so you look around and think, as any healthy person would: I gotta outlast four of these bastards.) ~ John Green,
1079:Good people care more about people than food. They try to help people and don’t give up even when they get hungry. Only bad people give up. But good people fix things. Good people stay good even when it’s hard to. Even if they’re sick or sad or they have to lose their favorite stuff. Even if they have to die. Good people see past their own fucking lives. They aren’t just hunger and math. They aren’t just animals. Good people are part of the Higher, good people are fuel for the sun. ~ Isaac Marion,
1080:Numbers written on restaurant checks within the confines of restaurants do not follow the same mathematical laws as numbers written on any other pieces of paper in any other parts of the Universe. This single statement took the scientific world by storm. It completely revolutionized it. So many mathematical conferences got held in such good restaurants that many of the finest minds of a generation died of obesity and heart failure and the science of math was put back by years. Slowly, ~ Douglas Adams,
1081:Even the most complex math can be broken into a sequence of trivial steps. Each of these slaves has been trained to complete specific equations in an assembly-line fashion. When taken together, this collective human mind is capable of remarkable feats." Holtzman surveyed the room as if he expected his solvers to give him a resounding cheer. Instead, they studied their work with heavy-lidded eyes, moving through equation after equation with no comprehension of reasons or larger pictures. ~ Brian Herbert,
1082:Do you miss her?
I blinked. Did I what? This was my best friend since preschool we were talking about, the girl whose snack and math homework I’d shared since before I had memorized my own phone number, who’d buried her cold, annoying little feet underneath me during a thousand different movie nights and showed me how to use a tampon. She’d grown up in my kitchen, she was my shadow- self—or I was hers— and Sawyer wanted to know if I missed her? What the hell kind of question was that? ~ Katie Cotugno,
1083:What if at school you had to take an 'art class' in which you were only taught how to paint a fence? What if you were never shown the paintings of Leonardo da Vinci and Picasso? Would that make you appreciate art? Would you want to learn more about it? I doubt it..........but this is how math is taught and so in the eyes of most of us it becomes the equivalent of watching paint dry. While the paintings of the great masters are readily available, the math of the great masters is locked away. ~ Edward Frenkel,
1084:Having neurons wire together can be a good thing. A positive experience with a math teacher can lead to neural connections that link math with pleasure, accomplishment, and feeling good about yourself as a student. But the opposite is equally true. Negative experiences with a harsh instructor or a timed test and the anxiety that accompanies it can form connections in the brain that create a serious obstacle to the enjoyment not only of math and numbers, but exams and even school in general. ~ Daniel J Siegel,
1085:Asian children can perform basic functions, such as addition, far more easily. Ask an English-speaking seven-year-old to add thirty-seven plus twenty-two in her head, and she has to convert the words to numbers (37 + 22). Only then can she do the math: 2 plus 7 is 9 and 30 and 20 is 50, which makes 59. Ask an Asian child to add three-tens-seven and two-tens-two, and then the necessary equation is right there, embedded in the sentence. No number translation is necessary: It’s five-tens-nine. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
1086:I’m simply trying to do the math,” Gail explained. “This is a societal double standard I have never been able to understand. Men have been kissing since they were quite young, and have kissed many times, and this is considered normal. Yet, women are expected to keep their lips to themselves until they are ready to be married. But if this is always so, who are all these men kissing? Either the world is blindingly unrealistic in its expectations of women, or young boys are practicing on each other. ~ Kate Noble,
1087:Julia, the man collects food in his mustache. He wears pocket protectors, which I’m pretty certain have been out of production since the eighties, right around the time his kind-of-sometimes mullet-hairdo thing went out of style. He makes jokes about irrational numbers. He’s a total cliché of a math teacher. I’m almost certain that he’s not a real person; he’s Frankenstein’s monster but made up of math-teacher clichés. I heard a rumor that he’s got all the known numbers of pi tattooed on his ass. ~ Adi Alsaid,
1088:American parents, teachers, and children were far more likely than their Japanese and Chinese counterparts to believe that mathematical ability is innate; if you have it, you don’t have to work hard, and if you don’t have it, there’s no point in trying. In contrast, most Asians regard math success, like achievement in any other domain, as a matter of persistence and plain hard work. Of course you will make mistakes as you go along; that’s how you learn and improve. It doesn’t mean you are stupid. ~ Carol Tavris,
1089:The point is that there’s something very mathematical about our Universe, and that the more carefully we look, the more math we seem to find. Apropos constants of nature, there are hundreds of thousands of pure numbers that have been measured across all areas of physics, ranging from ratios of masses of elementary particles to ratios of characteristic wavelengths of light emitted by different molecules, and using sufficiently powerful computers to solve the equations describing the laws of nature, ~ Max Tegmark,
1090:Deep practice, however, doesn't obey the same math. Spending more time is effective—but only if you're still in the sweet spot at the edge of your capabilities, attentively building and honing circuits. What's more, there seems to be a universal limit for how much deep practice human beings can do in a day. Ericsson's research shows that most world-class experts—including pianists, chess players, novelists, and athletes—practice between three and five hours a day, no matter what skill they pursue. ~ Daniel Coyle,
1091:Psychologist Robert Zajonc takes this claim one step further: “For most decisions, it is extremely difficult to demonstrate that there has actually been any prior cognitive process whatsoever.”28 It isn’t that the decisions people make are irrational; it’s that the process by which decisions are made are utterly unlike the step-by-step rational process that might be used to solve, say, a math problem. Decisions are typically made in the unconscious mind, by means of some unknown process. Indeed, ~ William B Irvine,
1092:Do you miss her?
I blinked. Did I what? This was my best friend since preschool we were talking about, the girl whose snack and math homework I’d shared since before I had memorized my own phone number, who’d buried her cold, annoying little feet underneath me during a thousand different movie nights and showed me how to use a tampon. She’d grown up in my kitchen, she was my shadow- self—or I was hers— and Sawyer wanted to know if I missed her? What the hell kind of question was that? ~ Katie Cotugno,
1093:On the SAT exam, boys who took the test during 1988–89 at Permian had a combined average score of 915 (433 verbal, 482 mathematical), 19 points below the national average for boys. Girls had a combined score of 840 (404 verbal, 436 mathematical), 75 points below their male counterparts at Permian and 35 points below the national average for girls. Of the 132 girls who took the test during the 1988–89 school year, there wasn’t one who got above a 650 in either the math or verbal portions of the exam. ~ H G Bissinger,
1094:Why were American kids consistently underestimated in math? In middle school, Kim and Tom had both decided that math was something you were either good at, or you weren’t, and they weren’t. Interestingly, that was not the kind of thing that most Americans said about reading. If you weren’t good at reading, you could, most people assumed, get better through hard work and good teaching. But in the United States, math was, for some reason, considered more of an innate ability, like being double-jointed. ~ Amanda Ripley,
1095:One whose testimony made a major impact more than a decade ago is Ben Barres, formerly Barbara Barres, a biologist at Stanford University. In 2006, he wrote in the journal Nature about the bias he had experienced as a woman in the sciences, from losing fellowships to less qualified male candidates to being told a boyfriend must have helped her with her math. He was told that he was smarter than his sister by a man who confused his former, female self for that sister.
(“A Short History of Silence”) ~ Rebecca Solnit,
1096:I used to be jealous; I'm not jealous anymore. And a miracle happened to me, because if you're jealous, it's a cancer, it's a plague on your spirit, it really is. And I actually cured jealousy in a very weird way - I cured it with mathematics. And I'm not a math person at all, but I've been with my wife for about seven years, so we have had sex probably, I'd like to think, like, 9 million times or, at least, 1,500. So, the way I figured it, if she goes out and screws some other guy once - I'm still winning. ~ Marc Maron,
1097:I have some advice for the young generation who are wanting to become successful in life: become more grateful. Once you do that, Allah says, "If you are grateful, I will surely increase you (in everything)." If you're having a hard time in math, science, language and whatever else, become grateful to Allah and He will open doors for you. You'll even get better at basketball and become more athletic. I pray that Allah makes you grateful young people who are examples for others all over the world, ameen. ~ Nouman Ali Khan,
1098:It was on the table when I got here," Matt said in his defense.

Josh eyed the open magazine. "You don't already know how to satisfy your boyfriends in bed?"

Matt ignored this. "Did either of you know there's ninety-nine ways to give a blow job? That's ninety-nine nights of blow jobs."

"Look at you with the math skills," Josh said.

Matt flipped him off while Ty flipped the page. "'How to Give Your Hoo-Ha a Spa Day.' Huh," he said. "I didn't know a woman's hoo-ha needed a spa day. ~ Jill Shalvis,
1099:When I became the NASA administrator — or before I became the NASA administrator — Barack Obama charged me with three things. One was he wanted me to help re-inspire children to want to get into science and math, he wanted me to expand our international relationships, and third, and perhaps foremost, he wanted me to find a way to reach out to the Muslim world and engage much more with dominantly Muslim nations to help them feel good about their historic contribution to science … and math and engineering. ~ Charles Bolden,
1100:What she did NOT appreciate was the homework. Captain Wilkes had scrounged textbooks for her to study. Not just Marine manuals, either. Math, science, English. Chemistry. Yuck! With weekly tests. And he was making her do all her platoon reports, then “annotating” them. He had given her a dictionary and thesaurus, among other things, and after the first report after giving them to her told her she was “not allowed words of more than two syllables.” It was worse than fucking school. “Recess” was killing zombies. ~ John Ringo,
1101:The day passed.
People had butchered my name, teachers hadn’t known what the hell to do with me, my math teacher looked at my face and gave a five-minute speech to the class about how people who don’t love this country should just go back to where they came from and I stared at my textbook so hard it was days before I could get the quadratic equation out of my head.
Not one of my classmates spoke to me, no one but the kid who accidentally assaulted my shoulder with his bio book.
I wished I didn’t care. ~ Tahereh Mafi,
1102:Educators, long disturbed by schoolchildren's lagging scores in math and reading, are realizing there is a different and more alarming deficiency: emotional literacy. And while laudable efforts are being made to raise academic standards, this new and troubling deficiency is not being addressed in the standard school curriculum. As one Brooklyn teacher put it, the present emphasis in schools suggests that "we care more about how well schoolchildren can read and write than whether they'll be alive next week." ~ Daniel Goleman,
1103:It’s easy to forget that teaching is holy work. We forget that building up the intellect- teaching our children to really think- does not happen by the might of human reason, but rather by the grace of God. On an ordinary day, you and I likely have a set of tasks we've scheduled for our kids. But it's more than math. It's more than history. It's the building up of our children's minds and hearts, and we can only do that if we realize that this is how we thank Him for the graces He so lavishly pours out on us. ~ Sarah Mackenzie,
1104:women live the lie from birth on, and then one day they realize that it's too late for them, they're too old to write a book or solve a difficult problem in math, they'll never learn to sing or play the piano, they showed such promise early on. so they run to the priest, their voices take on a hysterical edge, like the one mine has right now, and the priest tells them they have lived righteously and their reward will be in heaven, and he could certainly use someone in the kitchen for the potluck on Sunday night. ~ Haven Kimmel,
1105:I think we can do it."

"But you don't know for sure," he said.

"No."

"Geez, Anita."

"Don't get rattled on me. We can do this."

"But you aren't sure."

"I'm not sure we'll survive the plane ride home, but I'm still getting on the plane."

"Was that supposed to be comforting?" he asked.

"Yeah."

"It wasn't," he said.

"Sorry, but this is as good as it gets. You want certainty, be an accountant."

"I'm not good at math."

"Me either. ~ Laurell K Hamilton,
1106:Where numbers only represent real things, you don’t need a number to express the absence of something. It is an abstract concept and only shows up when the math gets equally abstract. “The point about zero is that we do not need to use it in the operations of daily life,” wrote Alfred North Whitehead, the British mathematician, in 1911. “No one goes out to buy zero fish. It is in a way the most civilized of all the cardinal [numbers], and its use is only forced on us by the needs of cultivated modes of thought. ~ Chris Anderson,
1107:women live the lie from birth on, and then one day they realize that it's too late for them, they're too old to write a book or solve a difficult problem in math, they'll never learn to sing or play the piano, they showed such promise early on. so they run to the priest, their voices take on a hysterical edge, like the one mine has right now, and the priest tells them they have lived righteously and their reward will be in heaven, and he could certainly use someone in the kitchen for the potluck on Sunday night. ~ Haven Kimmel,
1108:IT WAS EASIER FOR PEOPLE to be good at something when more of us lived in small, rural communities. Someone could be homecoming queen. Someone else could be spelling-bee champ, math whiz or basketball star. There were only one or two mechanics and a couple of teachers. In each of their domains, these local heroes had the opportunity to enjoy the serotonin-fuelled confidence of the victor. It may be for that reason that people who were born in small towns are statistically overrepresented among the eminent.68 If ~ Jordan Peterson,
1109:It was on the table when I got here," Matt said in his defense.

Josh eyed the open [Cosmo] magazine. "You don't already know how to satisfy your boyfriends in bed?"

Matt ignored this. "Did either of you know there's ninety-nine ways to give a blow job? That's ninety-nine nights of blow jobs."

"Look at you with the math skills," Josh said.

Matt flipped him off while Ty flipped the page. "'How to Give Your Hoo-Ha a Spa Day.' Huh," he said. "I didn't know a woman's hoo-ha needed a spa day. ~ Jill Shalvis,
1110:Math is like water. It has a lot of difficult theories, of course, but its basic logic is very simple. Just as water flows from high to low over the shortest possible distance, figures can only flow in one direction. You just have to keep your eye on them for the route to reveal itself. That’s all it takes. You don’t have to do a thing. Just concentrate your attention and keep your eyes open, and the figures make everything clear to you. In this whole, wide world, the only thing that treats me so kindly is math. ~ Haruki Murakami,
1111:IT WAS EASIER FOR PEOPLE to be good at something when more of us lived in small, rural communities. Someone could be homecoming queen. Someone else could be spelling-bee champ, math whiz or basketball star. There were only one or two mechanics and a couple of teachers. In each of their domains, these local heroes had the opportunity to enjoy the serotonin-fuelled confidence of the victor. It may be for that reason that people who were born in small towns are statistically overrepresented among the eminent.68 If ~ Jordan B Peterson,
1112:It was great not having a roommate. I didn’t have to turn the lights off and go to bed, like, ever. I took my new medicine and stayed up doing homework late in the night, hyperfocused and erasing and reprinting my math homework. Branches would bang on the glass and scare the shit out of me; there was also a stupid owl out there that was ridiculously loud and hooty. So I was always practically falling out of my desk chair. (Stimulants make the nerves a bit . . . jangly, you know. Especially at three in the morning.) I ~ Cat Marnell,
1113:There is a time for everything, and a season for every activity under the heavens” (Ecclesiastes 3:1). The key to balance is seeking God’s will for me in this season, and not spending time on assignments meant for other people. Overcommitting myself is always a temptation. But with God’s wisdom and an updated list of all my commitments, I get ongoing reality checks that help me make wise decisions. And although I’m not really good at math, I know that a cup and a half of something will never fit in a one-cup container. ~ Renee Swope,
1114:...a large contingent of people majoring in English by default. Because they weren't left-brained enough for science, because history was too dry, philosophy too difficult, geology too petroleum-oriented, and math too mathematical--because they weren't musical, artistic, financially motivated, or really all that smart, these people were pursuing university degrees doing something no different from what they'd done in first grade: reading stories. English was what people who didn't know what to major in majored in. ~ Jeffrey Eugenides,
1115:The lottery is a tax on poor people and on people who can’t do math. Rich people and smart people would be in the line if the lottery were a real wealth-building tool, but the truth is that the lottery is a rip-off instituted by our government. This is not a moral position; it is a mathematical, statistical fact. Studies show that the zip codes that spend four times what anyone else does on lottery tickets are those in lower-income parts of town. The lottery, or gambling of any kind, offers false hope, not a ticket out. ~ Dave Ramsey,
1116:The motto I have penned on my knuckles is that this is the best world we have--because it's the only world we have. It's the simplest math ever. However many terrible, rankling, peeve-inducing things may occur, there are always libraries. And rain-falling-on-sea. And the moon. And love. There is always something to look back on, with satisfaction, or forward to, with joy. There is always a moment where you boggle at the world--at yourself--at the whole, unlikely, precarious business of being alive--and then start laughing ~ Caitlin Moran,
1117:And don’t get me started on your manwhoring,” Tucker grumbles. “You’ve always been a player, but dude, you’ve hooked up with five chicks this week.”

“So?”

“So it’s Thursday. Five girls in four days. Do the fucking math, John.”

Oh shit. He first-named me. Tucker only calls me John when I’ve really pissed him off.

Except now he’s pissed me off, so I first-name him right back. “What’s wrong with that, John?”

Yup, we’re both John. I guess we should take a blood oath and form a club or something. ~ Elle Kennedy,
1118:In October 1957, the first Russian Sputnik orbited the earth. In November, the second Sputnik, carrying the space dog Laika, was sent into space. That same year, a German astronomer published a definitive catalog of planets and stars. Four out of the five Nobel Prize laureates in Physics and Chemistry that year were from countries other than the United States. Americans were terrified that the country was falling behind in math and science, so nationwide there was a renewed commitment to education, especially in those fields. ~ Susan Orlean,
1119:I was born into a working class Irish Catholic family at the brutal bottom of the Great Depression. I suppose this early imprinting and conditioning made me a life-long radical. My education was mostly scientific, majoring in electrical engineering and applied math. Those imprints made me a life-long rationalist. I have become increasingly skeptical about, or detached from, the assumption that radicalism and rationalism are the only correct perspectives with which to view life, but they remain my favorite perspectives. ~ Robert Anton Wilson,
1120:One ounce sliced off a pair of shoes, he said, is equivalent to 55 pounds over one mile. He wasn’t kidding. His math was solid. You take the average man’s stride of six feet, spread it out over a mile (5,280 feet), you get 880 steps. Remove one ounce from each step—that’s 55 pounds on the button. Lightness, Bowerman believed, directly translated to less burden, which meant more energy, which meant more speed. And speed equaled winning. Bowerman didn’t like to lose. (I got it from him.) Thus lightness was his constant goal. Goal ~ Phil Knight,
1121:The Way of Bayes is also an imprecise art, at least the way I'm holding forth upon it. These blog posts are still fumbling attempts to put into words lessons that would be better taught by experience. But at least there's underlying math, plus experimental evidence from cognitive psychology on how humans actually think. Maybe that will be enough to cross the stratospherically high threshold required for a discipline that lets you actually get it right, instead of just constraining you into interesting new mistakes. ~ Eliezer Yudkowsky,
1122:You are growing into consciousness, and my wish for you is that you feel no need to constrict yourself to make other people comfortable. None of that can change the math anyway. I never wanted you to be twice as good as them, so much as I have always wanted you to attack every day of your brief bright life in struggle. The people who must believe they are white can never be your measuring stick. I would not have you descend into your own dream. I would have you be a conscious citizen of this terrible and beautiful world. — ~ Ta Nehisi Coates,
1123:I try to teach Magda some things. Since we’re not men and can’t afford. I take my books to her and sit her in a corner in a nice room that smells of rice with milk and cinnamon and teach her things. She does okay in math. She knows multiplication. At first it was, like, 1 × 1, 1 × 2, and it was never past the two, everything equaled two. 5 × 7, 9 × 8, everything was 2. But now she gets it. She gets history. She likes simpler things, made up stories, poems, but she is awful with language. And she can’t spell to save her life. ~ Miroslav Penkov,
1124:There's spatial intelligence. they're, which end up being, people going into math or music. there's mechanical where you work well with your hands. There's an intelligence with language that would lead someone into writing. So it's not necessarily that you're six years old and you know you're going to be a lawyer Or you're going into tech startups or computers. It's something more elemental than that. It's that this is a skill, a way of thinking that comes naturally to me that I was drawn to and it was very clear in childhood. ~ Robert Greene,
1125:You Bastard was thinking: there seems to be some growing dimensional instability here, swinging from zero to nearly forty-five degrees by the look of it. How interesting. I wonder what’s causing it? Let V equal 3. Let Tau equal Chi/4. cudcudcud Let Kappa/y be an Evil-Smelling-Bugger* (* Renowned as the greatest camel mathematician of all time, who invented a math of eight-dimensional space while lying down with his nostrils closed in a violent sandstorm.) differential tensor domain with four imaginary spin co-efficients. . . ~ Terry Pratchett,
1126:The ways in which acquired savants show up are usually the same ways that congenital, or non-acquired, savant syndrome shows up. They tend to show up in the same areas: music, art, math, visual, spatial skills, and calendar calculating, although calendar calculating probably isn't quite as prominent in that group. They tend to show up quite quickly, or sort of explode on the scene and they then tend to have an obsessive sort of forceful quality about them in the same way as savant skills. So they tend to show up in the same ways. ~ Darold Treffert,
1127:NAEP data show beyond question that test scores in reading and math have improved for almost every group of students over the past two decades; slowly and steadily in the case of reading, dramatically in the case of mathematics. Students know more and can do more in these two basic skills subjects now than they could twenty or forty years ago... So the next time you hear someone say that the system is "broken," that American students aren't as well educated as they used to be, that our schools are failing, tell that person the facts. ~ Diane Ravitch,
1128:No matter how clear things might become in the forest of story, there was never a clear-cut solution, as there was in math. The role of a story was, in the broadest terms, to transpose a problem into another form. Depending on the nature and the direction of the problem, a solution might be suggested in the narrative. Tengo would return to the real world with that solution in hand. It was like a piece of paper bearing the indecipherable text of a magic spell. It served no immediate practical purpose, but it contained a possibility. ~ Haruki Murakami,
1129:People are always saying these things about how there's no need to read literature anymore-that it won't help the world. Everyone should apparently learn to speak Mandarin, and learn how to write code for computers. More young people should go into STEM fields: science, technology, engineering, and math. And that all sounds to be true and reasonable. But you can't say that what you learn in English class doesn't matter. That great writing doesn't make a difference. I'm different. It's hard to put into words, but it's true. Words matter. ~ Meg Wolitzer,
1130:I just want to understand what this is about,” Patricia’s father said. “What did we do that made you want to act out in this way?” Roderick Delfine was a real-estate genius who often worked from home and looked after the girls when they were between nannies, sitting in a high chair at the breakfast bar with his wide face buried in equations. Patricia herself was pretty good at math, except when she thought too much about the wrong things, like the fact that the number 3 looked like an 8 cut in half, so two 3s really ought to be 8. ~ Charlie Jane Anders,
1131:Whether you are raising money, pitching your product to customers, selling the company, or recruiting employees, never forget that underneath all the math and the MBA bullshit talk, we are all still emotionally driven human beings. We want to attach ourselves to narratives. We don’t act because of equations. We follow our beliefs. We get behind leaders who stir our feelings. In the early days of your venture, if you find someone diving too deep into the numbers, that means they are struggling to find a reason to deeply care about you. ~ Timothy Ferriss,
1132:Come back down here, heat supply,” I commanded. “I’m going to close my eyes and you are
going to tell me about math so I can fall asleep. Tell me some theorems. Is that what you called them?
Tell me how Einstein knew e equals mc squared. And start with once upon a time . . . okay?”
“You’re a little bossy, you know that?”
“I know. I have to be. It’s to make up for not being born with a calculator. Now share your wisdom,
Infinity.”
“Once upon a time—”
I giggled and Finn immediately shushed me, continuing on with his “story. ~ Amy Harmon,
1133:What's clarity like? Try to remember that funny feeling inside your head when you had math problems too difficult to solve: the faint buzzing noise in your ears, a heaviness on both sides of your skull, and the sensation that your brain is twitching inside your cranium like a fish on the beach. This is the opposite sensation of clarity. Yet for many people of my era, as they aged, this sensation became the dominant sensation of their lives. It was as though day-to-day twentieth century living had become an unsolvable algebraic equation. ~ Douglas Coupland,
1134:Many young women are less whole and androgynous than they were at age ten. They are more appearance-conscious and sex-conscious. They are quieter, more fearful of holding strong opinions, more careful what they say and less honest. They are more likely to second-guess themselves and to be self-critical. They are bigger worriers and more effective people pleasers. They are less likely to play sports, love math and science and plan on being president. They hide their intelligence. Many must fight for years to regain all the territory they lost. ~ Mary Pipher,
1135:This is it,” said Dad. “Grace Brewster Murray Hopper Hall.” They wound their way upstairs and down long hallways to a door that said MATH LAB. “Here we are!” said Dad. A girl with green eyes and a messy ponytail greeted them. “You must be the Moodys.” “I’m Richard Moody, and this is my daughter, Judy,” said Dad. “Hi, I’m Chloe. Chloe Canfield. My friends call me C-squared, since my name has two Cs and I go to CC. You know, C to the second power, ’cause I’m into math?” “That’s funny,” said Dad, shaking her hand. “I don’t get it,” said Judy. ~ Megan McDonald,
1136:You know; when I look at the night sky and I see this enormous splendor of stars and galaxies, I sometimes ask the question, well how many worlds are we talking about? Well do the math, there are about 100 billion galaxies that are in the visible universe and each galaxy in turn contains about 100 billion stars, you multiply and you get about ten billion trillion stars. Well I think it is the height of arrogance to believe that we are alone in the universe, my attitude is that the universe is teaming, teaming with different kinds of life forms ~ Michio Kaku,
1137:During the 1919 solar eclipse, people go out to measure the positions of the stars and they find exactly what Einstein predicted. Einstein gets a telegram saying this, and somebody asked him, Professor Einstein, what would you have said if the observations didn’t agree with what your prediction of general relativity said should be happening? And Einstein said, “I’d be sorry for the dear lord; the theory is correct.” What he meant by that is the math is just so elegant, so beautiful, so powerful, that almost seemingly it can’t possibly be wrong. ~ Rivka Galchen,
1138:What is especially striking and remarkable is that in fundamental physics, a beautiful or elegant theory is more likely to be right than a theory that is inelegant. A theory appears to be beautiful or elegant (or simple, if you prefer) when it can be expressed concisely in terms of mathematics we already have. Symmetry exhibits the simplicity. The Foundamental Law is such that the different skins of the onion resemble one another and therefore the math for one skin allows you to express beautifully and simply the phenomenon of the next skin. ~ Murray Gell Mann,
1139:Who's counting? It was, of course, the minority who were counting. It always is. Most of the women I know today would dearly like to use their fingers and toes for some activity more enthralling than counting. They have been counting for so long. But the peculiar problem of the new math is that every time we stop adding, somebody starts subtracting. At the very least (the advanced students will understand this) the rate of increase slows. ... The minority members of any group or profession have two answers: They can keep score or they can lose. ~ Ellen Goodman,
1140:Fiqh is man-made!"

By that reasoning and applying your standards, so are logic, math, natural sciences, and virtually every single body of knowledge and its fruits. If being man made is sufficient reason to reject fiqh, it's more than sufficient reason to reject those, too. And before arguing that science is special, know that the epistemology and philosophy of science are also man-made.

UPDATE. Pay particular attention to where it says the "body of knowledge." And if you want to eliminate that qualifier, read up a bit on antirealism. ~ Musa Furber,
1141:I am encouraged as I look at some of those who have listened to their "different drum": Einstein was hopeless at school math and commented wryly on his inadequacy in human relations. Winston Churchill was an abysmal failure in his early school years. Byron, that revolutionary student, had to compensate for a club foot; Demosthenes for a stutter; and Homer was blind. Socrates couldn't manage his wife, and infuriated his countrymen. And what about Jesus, if we need an ultimate example of failure with one's peers? Or an ultimate example of love? ~ Madeleine L Engle,
1142:Forget it once. *** Knock, knock! Who's there? Accordion! Accordion who? Accordion to the TV, it's going to rain tomorrow. *** Yo momma so stupid she tried to commit suicide by jumping off a building but got lost on the way down. *** Teacher: Why is the Mississippi such an unusual river? Student: Because it has four eyes and can't see! *** Teacher: "Why are you on the floor?" Johnny: "Because you said to do this math problem without tables!" *** How do you make an elephant float? Take one elephant, two tons of ice cream, and one ton of soda. Blend. *** In ~ Various,
1143:Meanwhile, improving by 1 percent isn’t particularly notable—sometimes it isn’t even noticeable—but it can be far more meaningful, especially in the long run. The difference a tiny improvement can make over time is astounding. Here’s how the math works out: if you can get 1 percent better each day for one year, you’ll end up thirty-seven times better by the time you’re done. Conversely, if you get 1 percent worse each day for one year, you’ll decline nearly down to zero. What starts as a small win or a minor setback accumulates into something much more. ~ James Clear,
1144:In practice, Bacon’s method doesn’t bother scientists, or most reasonable people, because the chances of being wrong, while present, are usually in a practical sense very small. It is, for example, theoretically possible that chemical processes taking place in your body could cause you to spontaneously combust, but we don’t live our lives worrying about it because the probability is extremely small. That is why math and statistics have become such important parts of science: they quantify the relative probability that a conclusion is true or false. ~ Shawn Lawrence Otto,
1145:I've always been good at math. It's straightforward, black-and-white, right and wrong. Equations. Da thought of people as books to be read, but I've always thought of them more as formulas—full of variables, but always the sum of their parts. That's what their noise is, really: all of a person's components layered messily over one another. Thought and feeling and memory and all of it unorganized, until a person dies. Then it all gets compiled, straightened out into this linear thing, and you see exactly what the various parts add up to. What they equal. ~ Victoria Schwab,
1146:Personally, I think sex should be like math.
At school.
No one really cares if they're crap at math. They even proclaim it. They'll say to anyone, "Yeah, I don't mind science and English, but I'm absolutely shithouse at math." And other people will laugh and say,"Yeah, me too. I would have a clue about all that logarithm shit. You should be able to say that about sex too.
You should be proudly able to say, "Yeah I wouldn't have a clue about all that orgasm shit, ay. I'm okay at everything else but when it comes to that part I wouldn't have a clue. ~ Markus Zusak,
1147:Twice a day the small white compact moved, for meals, she guessed, or bathroom breaks, and about four times a day the Hummer and the Charger swapped positions, but there was apparently no coordination between the agencies, because once a day in the early morning everyone was missing at the same time, for about twenty minutes. Zero agents, zero hour. The street went back to its normal self. Some kind of logic issue, she supposed, or simple math, like in class, with x number of cars, and y number of locations, and z number of hours to cover. Something had to give. ~ Lee Child,
1148:... I succeeded at math, at least by the usual evaluation criteria: grades. Yet while I might have earned top marks in geometry and algebra, I was merely following memorized rules, plugging in numbers and dutifully crunching out answers by rote, with no real grasp of the significance of what I was doing or its usefulness in solving real-world problems. Worse, I knew the depth of my own ignorance, and I lived in fear that my lack of comprehension would be discovered and I would be exposed as an academic fraud -- psychologists call this "imposter syndrome". ~ Jennifer Ouellette,
1149:When I went to Afghanistan in 2003, I walked into a war zone. Entire neighborhoods had been demolished. There were an overwhelming number of widows and orphans and people who had been physically and emotionally damaged; every 10-year-old kid on the street knew how to dismantle a Kalashnikov in under a minute. I would flip through math textbooks intended for third grade, fourth grade, and they would include word problems such as, "If you have 100 grenades and 20 mujahideen, how many grenades per mujahideen do you get?" War has infiltrated every facet of life. ~ Khaled Hosseini,
1150:"It's better to give than to receive." Let me put this as elegantly as possible: "What a crock!" That statement is total hogwash, and in case you haven't noticed, it's usually propagated by people and groups who want you to give and them to receive. The whole idea is ludicrous. What's better, hot or cold, big or small, left or right, in or out? Giving and receiving are two sides of the same coin. Whoever decided that it is better to give than to receive was simply bad at math. For every giver their must be a receiver, and for every receiver there must be a giver. ~ T Harv Eker,
1151:Just like whiskey, the marsh dwellers bootlegged their own laws-not like those burned onto stone tablets or inscribed on documents, but deeper ones, stamped in their genes. Ancient and natural, like those hatched from hawks and doves. When cornered, desperate or isolated, man reverts to those instinct that aim straight at survival. Quick and just. They will always be the trump card because they are passed on more frequently from one generation to the next than the gentler genes It is not a morality, but simple math. Among themselves doves fight as often as hawks. ~ Delia Owens,
1152:T'he dca& id, a bunch of ruunbeha,that mean nothing and everything. That pesky, dangerous box is a booby trap full of good and bad news math. I hate math, I hate the scale. Back in the bun-head ballerina days I would measure myself constantly and then punish or praise accordingly. On punishment days I'd yack. Tis true, tis pathetic, tis my history; a golden nugget that makes me wise and human. However, that box is just that, a small container to cage ourselves. Prison is not sexy. No matter how it looks in the movies, prison is not a place to voluntarily visit. ~ Kris Carr,
1153:People fluent in two languages can lose either one after trauma, since first and second languages* draw on distinct neural circuits. Language deficits can even interfere with math. We seem to have a natural “number circuit” in the parietal lobe that handles comparisons and magnitudes—the basis of most arithmetic. But we learn some things (like the times tables) linguistically, by rote memorization. So if language goes kaput, so too will those linguistically based skills. More strikingly, some people who struggle to string even three words together can sing just fine. ~ Sam Kean,
1154:The money was such an obvious problem that I didn't even get to thinking about any of the others most of the time. It seemed wrong to me, that money should be the difference between a baby and not-a-baby. I had a thing inside of me that I could not afford, and Laura had things inside of her that she couldn't afford not to sell, and on the other end of it there were women spending tens of thousands of dollars to buy them because they felt their own bodies had betrayed them. Any way you looked at it, where there should have been a child, there was a math problem. ~ Danielle Evans,
1155:Funny. The blazer, skirt and tie become automatically sexy the minute you leave school when you're eighteen or nineteen and pull it out for fancy-dress parties. But whilst you're still there, stewing through Math, unable to find anyone who'll let you sit next to them in the cafeteria, crying in the toilet stalls, you know what it represents and you can't bring yourself to make it look alluring. That would be traitorous and phoney. I knew I looked like shit and I was glad I did because that's how the twenty pounds of gray polyester and itchy navy wool made me feel. ~ Emma Forrest,
1156:An eternal question about children is, how should we educate them? Politicians and educators consider more school days in a year, more science and math, the use of computers and other technology in the classroom, more exams and tests, more certification for teachers, and less money for art. All of these responses come from the place where we want to make the child into the best adult possible, not in the ancient Greek sense of virtuous and wise, but in the sense of one who is an efficient part of the machinery of society. But on all these counts, soul is neglected. ~ Thomas Moore,
1157:the shadows caressed the folds. I tried to see how light that was reflected from one object subtly colored the shadows of another object. I noticed how the glint of a lustrous spot on a shiny surface moved when I tilted my head. When I looked at a distant tree and a near one, I tried to visualize the lines of perspective. When I saw an eddy of water, I compared it to a ringlet of hair. When I couldn’t understand a math concept, I did the best I was able to visualize it. When I saw people at a supper, I studied the relationship of their motions to their emotions. ~ Walter Isaacson,
1158:Andromeda said, “I see that you understand the paradox involved. These are axiomatic beliefs. If life is finite, there can be no math, no logic, nothing which says using the Eschaton Engine to obliterate the majority of the universe in self-preservation is wrong. No game theory applies, because there is no retaliation, no tit for tat. No punishment. But if life is infinite, then an infinite game theory applies, and no act where the ends justifies the means is allowed, because there is no Concubine Vector, no eternal imbalance, no chance of any act escaping unpunished. ~ John C Wright,
1159:Kern was the classic oldest son of a strong, iron-willed father, secretly afraid that he couldn’t live up to the model, and thus quite skittish and sensitive to criticism. Even his appearance suggested vulnerability. He had feathery auburn hair with red highlights, broad cheeks and trusting brown eyes that opened wide with disappointment when he was hurt. He mostly excelled at things that required a lot of solitude and a minimum of social contact, math and science, and his best friend was a science nerd and ham-radio freak who lived in the village nearby, Louie DeChiaro. ~ Rinker Buck,
1160:I can always tell which ones are serious and which aren’t. There’s something in their voices that communicates passion and conviction when they’re really excited about getting out of debt. But if they’re just playing around with the idea, if they’re simply curious about it, then their voices are flat. If I don’t hear any passion behind what they’re saying, I know they aren’t ready to cut up the credit cards and dump their debt for good. That’s because getting out of debt isn’t about solving a math problem; it’s about changing your life—and that requires a change of heart. ~ Dave Ramsey,
1161:On January 18, 1897, Indiana state representative Taylor I. Record argued in favor of changing the value of pi. Pi, which can be rounded to 3.14159, is the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter. Tyler believed that the number was inconveniently long; in House Bill 246, he asked that it be rounded up to 3.2. The bill passed the House but was defeated in the Senate when the chairman of Purdue University’s math department successfully pleaded that it would make Indiana a national laughingstock. The value of pi in Indiana remains the same as in every other state. ~ Paul A Offit,
1162:Studying music encourages self-discipline and diligence, traits that carry over into intellectual pursuits and that lead to effective study and work habits. An association of music and math has, in fact, long been noted. Creating and performing music promotes self-expression and provides self-gratification while giving pleasure to others. In medicine, increasing published reports demonstrate that music has a healing effect on patients. For all these reasons, it deserves strong support in our educational system, along with the other arts, the sciences, and athletics. ~ Michael E DeBakey,
1163:thought: maybe this is what a mother feels like at times. When she can’t help one of her children. When she has to just stand by and watch her daughter strike out on the softball field, watch her son fail at math despite whatever effort he may put in. This ache. This defining double bind of roaring, passionate protectiveness and its equal, weighty, leaden uselessness. And even the impatience with it all; and then the guilt about feeling impatient, about finding it a bit oppressive despite the immeasurable love. Maybe this is what mothering sometimes feels like, I thought. ~ Robin Black,
1164:In an era of weaponized sensitivity, participation in public discourse is growing so perilous, so fraught with the danger of being caught out for using the wrong word or failing to uphold the latest orthodoxy in relation to disability, sexual orientation, economic class, race or ethnicity, that many are apt to bow out. Perhaps intimidating their elders into silence is the intention of the identity-politics cabal — and maybe my generation should retreat to our living rooms and let the young people tear one another apart over who seemed to imply that Asians are good at math. ~ Lionel Shriver,
1165:Just like their whiskey, the marsh dwellers bootlegged their own laws – not like those burned onto stone tablets or inscribed on documents, but deeper ones, stamped in their genes. Ancient and natural, like those hatched from hawks and doves. When cornered, desperate, or isolated, man reverts to those instincts that aim straight at survival. Quick and just. They will always be the trump cards because they are passed on more frequently from one generation to the next than the gentler genes. It is not a morality, but simple math. Among themselves, doves fight as often as hawks. ~ Delia Owens,
1166:This thing we have, it hurts, he continued. But the pain is almost sweet because it means YOU happened. We happened. And I can't regret that, no matter how little or how long I get to tag along with you and pretend that I don't hate having people recognize me or take pictures or having people whisper about my record--
" Your record?"
" My criminal record, Bonnie, Nothing platinum there. I'm an ex-con, and starting over and building a new life where I can put it behind me, I'm building a new life where it will never be behind me, and for you, its worth it. It's easy math. ~ Amy Harmon,
1167:The majority of the people of the world today are unsane, not insane, unsane meaning having been exposed to methods of evaluation that have long rendered obsolete, our language in the future will change to a saner language where we have no argument in it, 'can there be such a language?' there is, when engineers talk to each other, it's not subject to interpretation, they use math, they use descriptive systems, if I interpreted what another engineer said in the way I think he meant it: you couldn't build bridges, dams, power transmission lines. The language has to have meaning ~ Jacque Fresco,
1168:Most of today’s educational systems are built upon the same learning hierarchy: math and science at the top, humanities in the middle, art on the bottom. The reason for this is because these systems were developed in the nineteenth century, in the midst of the industrial revolution, when this hierarchy provided the best foundation for success. This is no longer the case. In a rapidly changing technological culture and an ever-growing information-based economy, creative ideas are the ultimate resource. Yet our current educational system does little to nourish this resource. ~ Peter H Diamandis,
1169:Mathematical thinking is not the same as doing mathematics - at least not as mathematics is typically presented in our school system. School math typically focuses on learning procedures to solve highly stereotyped problems. Professional mathematicians think a certain way to solve real problems, problems that can arise from the everyday world, or from science, or from within mathematics itself. The key to success in school math is to learn to think inside-the-box. In contrast, a key feature of mathematical thinking is thinking outside-the-box - a valuable ability in today's world. ~ Keith Devlin,
1170:So, if I'm no cheerleader of sports, why write a chapter about it? Sports do have some positive impact on society. They solve problems, such as how to get inner-city kids to spend $175 on shoes. They serve as a backdrop for some of our most memorable commercials. And they remain the one and only relevant application of math. Not only that, but we have sports to thank for most of the last century's advances in manliness. The system starts in school, where gym class separates the men from the boys. Then those men are taught to be winners, or at least, losers that hate themselves. ~ Stephen Colbert,
1171:Good Stories Always Beat Good Spreadsheets” “Whether you are raising money, pitching your product to customers, selling the company, or recruiting employees, never forget that underneath all the math and the MBA bullshit talk, we are all still emotionally driven human beings. We want to attach ourselves to narratives. We don’t act because of equations. We follow our beliefs. We get behind leaders who stir our feelings. In the early days of your venture, if you find someone diving too deep into the numbers, that means they are struggling to find a reason to deeply care about you. ~ Timothy Ferriss,
1172:Mostly, though, students get what economist Bryan Caplan called narrow vocational training for jobs few of them will ever have. Three-quarters of American college graduates go on to a career unrelated to their major—a trend that includes math and science majors—after having become competent only with the tools of a single discipline. One good tool is rarely enough in a complex, interconnected, rapidly changing world. As the historian and philosopher Arnold Toynbee said when he described analyzing the world in an age of technological and social change, “No tool is omnicompetent.” • ~ David Epstein,
1173:Many people keep deploring the low level of formal education in the United states (as defined by, say, math grades). Yet these fail to realize that the new comes from here and gets imitated elsewhere. And it is not thanks to universities, which obviously claim a lot more credit than their accomplishments warrant. Like Britain in the Industrial Revolution, America's asset is, simply, risk taking and the use of optionality, this remarkable ability to engage in rational forms fo trial and error, with no comparative shame in failing again, starting again, and repeating failure. ~ Nassim Nicholas Taleb,
1174:There is no more important homework than reading. Research shows that the highest achieving students are those who devote leisure time to reading, even when the school day and year are only mid-length and homework isn’t excessive. Recently, the largest-ever international study of reading found that the single most important predictor of academic success is the amount of time children spend reading books, more important even than economic or social status. And one of the few predictors of high achievement in math and science is the amount of time children devote to pleasure reading. ~ Nancie Atwell,
1175:I like the fact that they still run substantive pieces. I'm not sure I like the pieces, but it's nice that they do that. Anyway, it was always sort of ridiculous, me having anything to do with the youth culture, but now that I'm in my 50s, it's extra-double-ridiculous. They were losing interest in me, and I was losing interest in them. When I went to renegotiate my contract at Rolling Stone, I kind of halfheartedly asked if I could do half the work for half the money, and they asked if I could do two-thirds of the work for half the money. I ran that by my agent, since he can do math. ~ P J O Rourke,
1176:Extramuros: (1) In Old Orth, literally “outside the walls.” Often used in reference to the walled city-states of that age. (2) In Middle Orth, the non-mathic world; the turbulent and violent state of affairs that prevailed after the Fall of Baz. (3) In Praxic Orth, geographical regions or social classes not yet enlightened by the resurgent wisdom of the mathic world. (4) In New Orth, similar to sense 2 above, but often used to denote those settlements immediately surrounding the walls of a math, implying comparative prosperity, stability, etc. —THE DICTIONARY, 4th edition, A.R. 3000 ~ Neal Stephenson,
1177:Knowing you don’t have much time left changes things. You get kind of philosophical. And you figure things out—more like, they figure themselves out—and everything gets real clear. Your first kiss isn’t as important as your last. The math test really didn’t matter. The pie really did. The stuff you’re good at and the stuff you’re bad at are just different parts of the same thing. Same goes for the people you love and the people you don’t—and the people who love you and the people who don’t. The only thing that mattered was that you cared about a few people. Life is really, really short. ~ Kami Garcia,
1178:Tools of the Mind, by contrast, doesn’t focus much on reading and math abilities. Instead, all of its interventions are intended to help children learn a different kind of skill: controlling their impulses, staying focused on the task at hand, avoiding distractions and mental traps, managing their emotions, organizing their thoughts. The founders of Tools of the Mind believe that these skills, which they group together under the rubric self-regulation, will do more to lead to positive outcomes for their students, in first grade and beyond, than the traditional menu of pre-academic skills. ~ Paul Tough,
1179:All parents want to send their children to the best possible schools. But because a good school is a relative concept, a family cannot achieve its goal unless it outbids similar families for a house in a neighborhood served by such a school. Failure to do so often means having to send your kids to a school with metal detectors at the front entrance and students who score in the 20th percentile in reading and math. Most families will do everything possible to avoid having to send their kids to a school like that. But because of the logic of musical chairs, they're inevitably frustrated. ~ Robert H Frank,
1180:Furthermore, academic fads have been forced upon successive generations of elementary and secondary school students, including the “New Math,” the “Open Classroom,” “Values Clarification,” “Cooperative Learning,” “Outcome-Based Education,” “No Child Left Behind,” and more recently “Common Core” and “Race to the Top,” for which trillions of dollars have been and are being wasted on inferior educational outcomes. Even the once-heralded school lunch program is not safe from statist overreach, where billions of dollars are spent on federally mandated lunches that many students refuse to eat.23 ~ Mark R Levin,
1181:This is how it differed from math. The role of a story was, in the broadest terms, to transpose a single problem into another form. Depending on the nature and direction of the problem, a solution could be suggested in the narrative. Tengo would return to the real world with that suggestion in hand. It was like a piece of paper bearing the indecipherable text of a magic spell. At times it lacked coherence and served no immediate practical purpose. But it would contain a possibility. Someday he might be able to decipher the spell. That possibility would gently warm his heart from within. ~ Haruki Murakami,
1182:Why did math matter so much? Some reasons were practical: More and more jobs required familiarity with probability, statistics, and geometry. The other reason was that math was not just math. Math is a language of logic. It is a disciplined, organized way of thinking. There is a right answer; there are rules that must be followed. More than any other subject, math is rigor distilled. Mastering the language of logic helps to embed higher-order habits in kids’ minds: the ability to reason, for example, to detect patterns and to make informed guesses. Those kinds of skills had rising value in a ~ Amanda Ripley,
1183:You know what happens when you give a kid a calculator instead of teaching him math?"
"I think you need my help." I cross my arms. "You know what happens when you give a kid a calculator instead of teaching him math?"
He tilts his head, his eyes fetchingly bright.
"Sure he can do math that way," I continue, "but then if you take the calculator from him, suddenly he can't do any math at all, because he's
learned to rely on the calculator. Your power lets you look at people and see exactly what it takes to make them tick. Or crumble. But without
your power, you don't get people. ~ Carolyn Crane,
1184:This is an encouraging finding on two fronts. It means that young black children have continued to make gains relative to their white counterparts. It also means that whatever gap remains can be linked to a handful of readily identifiable factors. The data reveal that black children who perform poorly in school do so not because they are black but because a black child is more likely to come from a low-income, low-education household. A typical black child and white child from the same socioeconomic background, however, have the same abilities in math and reading upon entering kindergarten. ~ Steven D Levitt,
1185:Who thinks they’re not open-minded? Our hypothetical prim miss from the suburbs thinks she’s open-minded. Hasn’t she been taught to be? Ask anyone, and they’ll say the same thing: they’re pretty open-minded, though they draw the line at things that are really wrong. (Some tribes may avoid “wrong” as judgemental, and may instead use a more neutral sounding euphemism like “negative” or “destructive”.)

When people are bad at math, they know it, because they get the wrong answers on tests. But when people are bad at open-mindedness they don’t know it. In fact they tend to think the opposite. ~ Paul Graham,
1186:Jeremy comes home from school, feeling as if he has passed the math test after all. Jeremy is an optimist. Maybe there’s something good on TV. He settles down with the remote control on one of his father’s pet couches: oversized and reupholstered in an orange-juice-colored corduroy that makes it appear as if the couch has just escaped from a maximum security prison for criminally insane furniture. This couch looks as if its hobby is devouring interior decorators. Jeremy’s father is a horror writer, so no one should be surprised if some of the couches he reupholsters are hideous and eldritch. ~ John Joseph Adams,
1187:Now let’s see. The class reps on the council this year are therefore Eivind and Marianne!”

I looked down at the desk in front of me.

One vote.

How was that possible?

And, to cap it off, the one vote was my own.

But I was the best student in the class! At least in Norwegian! And natural and social sciences! And in math I was the second best, or perhaps the third. But, altogether, who could be better than me?

OK, Eivind won. But one vote? How was that possible?

Hadn’t anyone voted for me?

There had to be a mistake somewhere.

No one? ~ Karl Ove Knausg rd,
1188:We have to HIDE from each other because we think that we are the only ones BROKEN. We think we're the only ones whose original selves we ground up and smashed under the jack-booted heel of cultural lies and superstition, patriotism, war lust, war hunger, and a denial of AGGRESSION AGAINST CHILDREN THAT IS THE FOUNDATION OF CULTURE. Culture is everything that is NOT TRUE. If it's true, it's called 'math' or 'science' or 'facts'. Culture is the Stockholm syndrome we have with the historical lies that are convenient to the rules. We love the lies, because we don't think we can be loved if we don't. ~ Stefan Molyneux,
1189:Now, as traditional computing programs are displaced by the operation of AI algorithms, requirements are once again shifting. Machine learning demands the rapid-fire execution of complex mathematical formulas, something for which neither Intel’s nor Qualcomm’s chips are built. Into the void stepped Nvidia, a chipmaker that had previously excelled at graphics processing for video games. The math behind graphics processing aligned well with the requirements for AI, and Nvidia became the go-to player in the chip market. Between 2016 and early 2018, the company’s stock price multiplied by a factor of ten. ~ Kai Fu Lee,
1190:A = A is a simplification, one so radical that it sometimes utterly distorts reality. It skins reality alive. Is A = A useful? Does logic come in handy? Is math a magnificent symbolic system with which to comprehend what's around us? And is math based on A = A? Yes. Absolutely. But math and logic are just that - very, very simplified representations. Symbolic systems with massive powers. But symbolic systems that sometimes do enormous injustice to the richness of that which they attempt to represent. Symbol systems that sometimes do enormous injustice to science's greatest mystery, cosmic creativity. ~ Howard Bloom,
1191:teaching math was convoluted and confusing, his grammar lessons could bore a statue to tears, and when it came to Ethoen history and mythology, Jahrra often found herself tempted to launch her pen at him.  He never got anything right, often obscuring facts or making heroes out to be twisted or idiotic.  Jahrra usually went into daydream mode during his lectures, but one day his lesson was so outrageous she couldn’t even lose herself in her own thoughts. “I wish we didn’t have such an awful teacher,” Gieaun groaned as they streamed out of the stuffy classroom on their final day of school. “I ~ Jenna Elizabeth Johnson,
1192:Thanks for helping me get the bookcase home,” I offer as we walk. I’m not sure why we’re still together. Why he wanted to have lunch, offered to let me do his laundry at his place.

“No problem. Gotta work off those favors I owe you, right?”

Favors? “How many favors do you owe me?”

“Two.”

“Two?”

“Yeah. It was three, but I paid one off with the bookcase. So two.”

“When did we decide you owed me three favors?” This guy totally does math like a government employee.

“Didn’t we?” He looks totally nonplussed with his bad accounting of favors. “We’re here. ~ Jana Aston,
1193:When we got to the Lock-Horne Building on Park Avenue—again Win’s full name is Windsor Horne Lockwood III, so you do the math—Dad said, “You want me to just drop you off?” Sometimes my father leaves me awestruck. Fatherhood is about balance, but how can one man do it so well, so effortlessly? Throughout my life he pushed me to excel without ever crossing the line. He reveled in my accomplishments yet never made them seem to be all that important. He loved without condition, yet he still made me want to please him. He knew, like now, when to be there, and when it was time to back off. “I’ll be okay.” He ~ Harlan Coben,
1194:Politics has a math of its own. Whereas a scientifically minded person might see things this way: One person who says 2+2=5 is an idiot; two people who think 2+2=5 are two idiots; and a million people who think 2+2=5 are a whole lot of idiots — political math works differently. Let’s work backwards: if a million people think 2+2=5, then they are not a million idiots, but a “constituency.” If they are growing in number, they are also a “movement.” And, if you were not only the first person to proclaim 2+2=5, but you were the first to persuade others, then you, my friend, are not an idiot, but a visionary. ~ Jonah Goldberg,
1195:You know what I believe? I remember in college I was taking this math class, this really great math class taught by this tiny old woman. She was talking about fast Fourier transforms and she stopped midsentence and said, ‘Sometimes it seems the universe wants to be noticed.’ “That’s what I believe. I believe the universe wants to be noticed. I think the universe is improbably biased toward consciousness, that it rewards intelligence in part because the universe enjoys its elegance being observed. And who am I, living in the middle of history, to tell the universe that it—or my observation of it—is temporary? ~ John Green,
1196:If other people thought art was important, then it would be required to graduate. But no, I don’t have to take art. I do have to take math, which is just a waste of time because the numbers get all switched up in my brain, plus, calculators exist for a reason. I do have to take history, which is basically memorizing tariff acts till your brain bleeds. I do have to take four years of gym class with a bunch of jerks who punch me if they don’t like what I say. But art? Optional. Even though art and music and literature and all that are what make us human. Algebra doesn’t make us human. Games don’t make us human. ~ Laura Ruby,
1197:For each stop—each timbre, or type of sound, that the organ could make (viz. blockflöte, trumpet, piccolo)—there was a separate row of pipes, arranged in a line from long to short. Long pipes made low notes, short high. The tops of the pipes defined a graph: not a straight line but an upward-tending curve. The organist/math teacher sat down with a few loose pipes, a pencil, and paper, and helped Lawrence figure out why. When Lawrence understood, it was as if the math teacher had suddenly played the good part of Bach’s Fantasia and Fugue in G Minor on a pipe organ the size of the Spiral Nebula in Andromeda— ~ Neal Stephenson,
1198:When I was in high school, my math teacher Mr. Packwood used to say, “If you’re stuck on a problem, don’t sit there and think about it; just start working on it. Even if you don’t know what you’re doing, the simple act of working on it will eventually cause the right ideas to show up in your head.” During that early self-employment period, when I struggled every day, completely clueless about what to do and terrified of the results (or lack thereof), Mr. Packwood’s advice started beckoning me from the recesses of my mind. I heard it like a mantra: Don’t just sit there. Do something. The answers will follow. In ~ Mark Manson,
1199:My basic philosophy of teaching was straightforward and deeply personal. I wanted to teach the way I wished that I myself had been taught. Which is to say, I hoped to convey the sheer joy of learning, the thrill of understanding things about the universe. I wanted to pass along to students not only the logic but the beauty of math and science. Furthermore, I wanted to do this in a way that would be equally helpful to kids studying a subject for the first time and for adults who wanted to refresh their knowledge; for students grappling with homework and for older people hoping to keep their minds active and supple. ~ Salman Khan,
1200:My secret love, Billy Colbert, had to make up the same test.
Afterward, we left the chemistry lab together. 'Well, it was long,' Billy said, 'but it wasn't hard.'
'I thought it was long *and* hard,' I replied.
'Oh, cut it out, Rachel,' Billy remonstrated. 'If there's one thing I can't stand, it's brains who pretend they suffer just as much as the rest of us.'
'I'm not a brain in chemistry,' I protested. 'If I get good grades in science or math, it's because I work. You're the brain in chemistry. I hate that word, brain, anyway. Everyone has a brain, and they're all about the same size, even a moron's. ~ Barbara Cohen,
1201:Are all the scientists here men, then?” “Scientists?” Oiie asked, incredulous. Pae coughed. “Scientists. Oh, yes, certainly, they’re all men. There are some female teachers in the girls’ schools, of course. But they never get past Certificate level.” “Why not?” “Can’t do the math; no head for abstract thought; don’t belong. You know how it is, what women call thinking is done with the uterus! Of course, there’s always a few exceptions, God-awful brainy women with vaginal atrophy.” “You Odonians let women study science?” Oiie inquired. “Well, they are in the sciences, yes.” “Not many, I hope.” “Well, about half. ~ Ursula K Le Guin,
1202:who decided that “astronaut” would be a great dream job for a kid? It’s like 97 percent math, 1 percent breathing some Russian dude’s farts, 1 percent dying, and 1 percent eating awesome powdered ice cream. If you’re the very luckiest kind of astronaut ever, your big payoff is that you get to visit a barren airless wasteland for five minutes, do some more math, and then go home—ice cream not guaranteed. Anyway, loophole: I can already buy astronaut ice cream at the Science Center, no math or dying required. Lindy, 1; astronauts nada. (Unless you get points for debilitating low bone density, in which case… I concede.) Not ~ Lindy West,
1203:But consider a paper published in Science in 2008.1 The authors examined the relationship between math scores and sexual equality in forty countries (based on economic, educational, and political indices of gender equality; the worst was Turkey, the United States was middling, and, naturally, the Scandinavians were tops). Lo and behold, the more gender equal the country, the less of a discrepancy in math scores. By the time you get to the Scandinavian countries, it’s statistically insignificant. And by the time you examine the most gender-equal country on earth at the time, Iceland, girls are better at math than boys. ~ Robert M Sapolsky,
1204:On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies” Now let’s look at how Einstein articulated all of this in the famous paper that the Annalen der Physik received on June 30, 1905. For all its momentous import, it may be one of the most spunky and enjoyable papers in all of science. Most of its insights are conveyed in words and vivid thought experiments, rather than in complex equations. There is some math involved, but it is mainly what a good high school senior could comprehend. “The whole paper is a testament to the power of simple language to convey deep and powerfully disturbing ideas,” says the science writer Dennis Overbye. ~ Walter Isaacson,
1205:...all this abstraction is also potentially distancing. We don't see the labor that went into building our railroads or the civilizations that were wiped out in order to clear the land. We don't see the millennia of dinosaurs or plankton that went into our oil, the Chinese repetitive stress injuries that went into our iPhones, or any of the other time-intensive processes we can spend in an instant today. We tend to see math and science as a steady state of facts rather than as the accumulated knowledge of linear traditions. As Korzybski put it, we see further because we "stand on the shoulders" of the previous generation. ~ Douglas Rushkoff,
1206:I have no idea what my siblings did when they did school, but when I did it I opened my math book and spent ten minutes turning pages, running my fingers down the center fold. If my finger touched fifty pages, I’d report to Mother that I’d done fifty pages of math. “Amazing!” she’d say. “You see? That pace would never be possible in the public school. You can only do that at home, where you can sit down and really focus, with no distractions.” Mother never delivered lectures or administered exams. She never assigned essays. There was a computer in the basement with a program called Mavis Beacon, which gave lessons on typing. ~ Tara Westover,
1207:I might be more kindly disposed to this ultra-secular notion that whenever bad things happen someone must be held accountable if a curious little halo of blamelessness did not seem to surround those very people who perceive themselves as bordered on every side by agents of wickedness. That is, it seems to be the same folks who are inclined to sue builders who did not perfectly protect them from the depredations of an earthquake who will be the first to claim that their son failed his math test because of attention deficit disorder, and not because he spent the night before at a video arcade instead of studying complex fractions. ~ Lionel Shriver,
1208:He said, 'You have to understand, I'm an academic. I'm not trained in dealing with masses of people. I found out through the school of hard knocks that it is better not to deal with masses of people. It's not that they don't deserve the information but they really react in very strange ways. They get panicky and excited, or over-excited, and it is so easy for academics to forget that. We're trained in math. We're trained in science. We're not trained in the masses.'
He paused.
'The public is extremely wild,' he said, 'uncontrollably wild.'
Then he shrugged his shoulders.
'You have to understand,' he said, 'I'm an academic. ~ Jon Ronson,
1209:bar, drinking beer. Jim turns to Bob and says, "You know, I'm tired of going through life without an education. Tomorrow, I think I'll go to the community college and sign up for some classes." The next day, Jim goes down to the college and meets the Dean of Admissions, who signs him up for the four basic classes: Math, English, History, and Logic. "Logic?" Jim says. "What's that?" The dean says, "I'll give you an example. Do you own a weed eater?" "Yeah." "Then logically speaking, because you own a weed eater, I presume you have a yard." "That's true, I do have a yard." "I'm not done," the dean says. "Because you have a yard, I think that ~ Various,
1210:Worrying about money is one of the worst worries. It’s like having locked-in syndrome, except you’re still moving around and doing things. Your head burns. If other people are not having money problems, it pisses you off because it reminds you that you’re limited in the ways you can express your agency in the world, and they aren’t. Worrying about money is anger-inducing because it makes you think about time: how many dollars per hour, how much salary per year, how many years until retirement. Worrying about money forces you to do endless math in your head, and most people didn’t like math in high school and they don’t like it now. ~ Douglas Coupland,
1211:He really ought to remember. . . . The airburst, if it happens, will be in visual range. Abstractions, math, models are fine, but when you’re down to it and everybody’s hollering for a fix, this is what you do: you go and sit exactly on the target with indifferent shallow trenches for shelter, and you watch it in the silent fire-bloom of its last few seconds, and see what you will see. Chances are astronomically against a perfect hit, of course, that is why one is safest at the center of the target area. Rockets are supposed to be like artillery shells, they disperse about the aiming point in a giant ellipse—the Ellipse of Uncertainty. But ~ Thomas Pynchon,
1212:But it’s hard to keep your guard up at all times. Jeremy comes home from school, feeling as if he has passed the math test after all. Jeremy is an optimist. Maybe there’s something good on TV. He settles down with the remote control on one of his father’s pet couches: oversized and reupholstered in an orange-juice-colored corduroy that makes it appear as if the couch has just escaped from a maximum security prison for criminally insane furniture. This couch looks as if its hobby is devouring interior decorators. Jeremy’s father is a horror writer, so no one should be surprised if some of the couches he reupholsters are hideous and eldritch. ~ John Joseph Adams,
1213:I went outside. Tried taking in the billions of stars above, lingering long enough to allow each point of light the chance to scratch a deep hole in the back of my retina, so that when I finally did turn to face the dark surrounding forest I thought I saw the billion eyes of a billion cats blinking out, in the math of the living, the sum of the universe, the stories of history , a life older than anyone could have ever imagined. And even after they were gone--fading away together, as if they really were one--something still lingered in those sweet folds of black pine , sitting quietly, almost as if it too were waiting for something to wake. ~ Mark Z Danielewski,
1214:A computer program written by researchers at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois has come up with a major mathematical proof that would have been called creative if a human had thought of it. In doing so, the computer has, for the first time, got a toehold into pure mathematics, a field described by its practitioners as more of an art form than a science. ...Dr. McCune's proof concerns a conjecture that is the very epitome of pure mathematics. ...His computer program proved that a set of three equations is equivalent to a Boolean algebra... ~ Gina Kolata, "With Major Math Proof, Brute Computers Show Flash of Reasoning Power," The New York Times (Dec 10, 1996),
1215:In School of One, students have daily "playlists" of their learning tasks that are attuned to each student's learning needs, based on that student's readiness and learning style. For example, Julia is way ahead of grade level in math and learns best in small groups, so her playlist might include three or four videos matched to her aptitude level, a thirty-minute one-on-one tutoring session with her teacher, and a small group activity in which she works on a math puzzle with three peers at similar aptitude levels. There are assessments built into each activity so that data can be fed back to the teacher to choose appropriate tasks for the next playlist. ~ Eric Ries,
1216:Matt laughed. "Close. That was last year. This year it's Obsessive Deovtion to Fourier Analysis Theory and Applications. And my personal favorite, Quantum Physics II: Romantic Entanglements of Energy and Matter."
Julie turned her head to Matt. "You're a double major? Physics and math? Jesus..."
"I know. Nerdy." He shrugged.
"No, I'm impressed. I'm just surprised your brains fit in your head."
"I was fitted with a specially desinged compression filter that allows excessive information to lie dormant until I need to access it. It's only the Beta version, so excuse any kinks that may appear. I really can't be held responsible. ~ Jessica Park,
1217:But I was still hurt. These past few years, I’d been obliged to accept orders from the man from the Village Fishery Association, but my consolation had come from knowing I was giving my daughter the best education possible. She was smart and ambitious. She knew things I would never know. But now I saw other realities: You can do everything for a child. You can encourage her to read and do her math homework. You can forbid her to ride a bike, giggle too much, or see a boy. I’d just asked her to promise she wouldn’t see Yo-chan or Mi-ja again. She’d done so grudgingly. Sometimes everything you do is as pointless and as ineffective as shouting into the wind. ~ Lisa See,
1218:And so, whereas Bohr and the Copenhagen gang would argue that only one of these universes would exist (because the act of measurement, which they claim lies outside of Schrodinger's purview, would collapse away all the others), and whereas a first-pass attempt to go beyond Bohr and extend Schrodinger's math to all particles, including those constituting equipment and brains, yielded dizzying confusion (because a given machine or mind seemed to internalize all possible outcomes simultaneously), Everett found that a more careful reading of Schrodinger's math leads somewhere else: to a plentiful reality populated by an ever-growing collection of universes. ~ Brian Greene,
1219:Focusing on individual nutrients, their identities, their contents in food, their tissue concentrations, and their biological mechanisms, is like using math and physics to catch balls. It’s not the way nature evolved, and it makes proper nutrition far more difficult than it needs to be. Our bodies use countless mechanisms, strategically placed throughout our digestion, absorption, and transport and metabolic pathways, to effortlessly ensure tissue concentrations consistent with good health—no database consultation required. But as long as we let reductionism guide our research and our understanding of nutrition, good health will remain unattainable. ~ T Colin Campbell,
1220:The math-powered applications powering the data economy were based on choices made by fallible human beings. Some of these choices were no doubt made with the best intentions. Nevertheless, many of these models encoded human prejudice, misunderstanding, and bias into the software systems that increasingly managed our lives. Like gods, these mathematical models were opaque, their workings invisible to all but the highest priests in their domain: mathematicians and computer scientists. Their verdicts, even when wrong or harmful, were beyond dispute or appeal. And they tended to punish the poor and the oppressed in our society, while making the rich richer. ~ Cathy O Neil,
1221:That better not be what I think it is," Joe mumbled in the dark.
It was. "It's not. Jeez, woman, someone's paranoid. It's my pocket light," he said, wincing. Ah, he was only human after all. It wasn't the first time she got him hard nor would it be the last time. The physical discomfort was a small price to pay to have her in his arms.
"Well, then your flashlight is growing. Jeez, Eric, put a leash on that thing before it stabs me!" she teased.
"But it likes you," he pouted.
She giggled. "I seem to remember a certain tenth grade math class where it liked standing up in front of the entire class."
He sucked in a breath. "Hey, that traumatized me! ~ R L Mathewson,
1222:Alvi also told them that the main reason his family was in Moscow and not in Chechnya, in spite of how uncomfortable things were for them here, was to enable their children to go to school without a war taking place around them. Zulai was a math teacher, but she had to work at a market stall in Moscow, not something she was good at. They spent their evenings rolling chicken cutlets to sell in the morning. Everything he and Zulai did was for the sake of their children. “Well, how about that! They’re worming their way right into the center of Moscow! And they expect to be given a $500 apartment!” This was the reaction of the parents’ committee to Alvi’s appeal. “I ~ Anna Politkovskaya,
1223:The reason we list smallest to largest is to have some quick wins. This is the “behavior modification over math” part I referred to earlier. Face it, if you go on a diet and lose weight the first week, you will stay on that diet. If you go on a diet and gain weight or go six weeks with no visible progress, you will quit. When training salespeople, I try to get them a sale or two quickly because that fires them up. When you start the Debt Snowball and in the first few days pay off a couple of little debts, trust me, it lights your fire. I don’t care if you have a master’s degree in psychology; you need quick wins to get fired up. And getting fired up is super-important. ~ Dave Ramsey,
1224:... It happened very fast. And now that he's dead he can't remember pain. It's as if he'd never existed.'
He wanted her to believe this, but he wasn't sure he believed it himself. If time was infinite, then three seconds and three years represented the same infinitely small fraction of it. And so, if inflicting three years of fear and suffering was wrong, as everyone would agree, then inflicting three seconds of it was no less wrong. He caught a fleeting glimpse of God in the math here, in the infinitesimal duration of a life. No death could be quick enough to excuse inflicting pain. If you were capable of doing the math, it meant that a morality was lurking in it. ~ Jonathan Franzen,
1225:If the only thing I did for the rest of my life was treat others kindly, file manila folders, and sit on the porch watching the grass grow it would be enough. It had to be. I did the math. The number of people who actually achieve a significant legacy is trifling compared to the vast number who go from birth to death living relatively unremarkable lives (at least on the surface). And maybe that wasn't the failure I'd been conditioned to believe. Maybe there was something to be said in praise of an outwardly unremarkable life. Maybe there were deep everyday forms of magic that had nothing to do with profound acomplishments or a Twitter feed that resonated down through the ages. ~ Clara Bensen,
1226:I think we have two choices in the face of such big beauty: terror or awe. And this is precisely why we attempt to chart God, because we want to be able to predict Him, to dissect Him, to carry Him around in our dog and pony show. We are too proud to feel awe and too fearful to feel terror. We reduce Him to math so we don’t have to fear Him, and yet the Bible tells us fear is the appropriate response, that it is the beginning of wisdom. Does this mean God is going to hurt us? No. But I stood on the edge of the Grand Canyon once, behind a railing, and though I was never going to fall off the edge, I feared the thought of it. It is that big of a place, that wonderful of a landscape. ~ Donald Miller,
1227:A teach­er in Ok­la­homa re­flect­ed on the post-​grad­ua­tion af­ter­math of stu­dent so­cial di­vi­sions. “The in crowd al­ways hangs to­geth­er, even af­ter grad­ua­tion. They are the ones who will be­come debutantes af­ter their fresh­man year in col­lege. The oth­ers tend to drift away. They don’t get in­vit­ed to the par­ties, they are laughed at be­cause they aren’t wear­ing de­sign­er clothes, etc.,” she said. But when it comes down to the pop­ular stu­dents ver­sus the out­casts, the lat­ter “are more sure of them­selves (even with the ridicule), and usu­al­ly turn out to be more suc­cess­ful and well-​adjust­ed. I would take the out­casts in a heart­beat.” So would I. ~ Alexandra Robbins,
1228:Behind us, the man laughed. "Looks like we aren't the only ones looking for a little diversion. There's an empty office right over there, guys."
Marsten raised his hand in thanks. The couple moved on. I let the kiss continue for five more seconds, then pulled away.
"They're gone," I said.
Marsten frowned, as if surprised-and disappointed-that I'd noticed. I tugged my hair from his hands.
"Okay, coast clear," I said. "Let's go."
He let out a small laugh. "I see I need to brush up on my kissing."
"No, you have that down pat."
"She says with all the excitement of a teacher grading a math quiz..."
"A-plus. Now let's move. Before someone else comes along. ~ Kelley Armstrong,
1229:For an example, here is a simple puzzle. Do not try to solve it but listen to your intuition: A bat and ball cost $1.10. The bat costs one dollar more than the ball. How much does the ball cost? A number came to your mind. The number, of course, is 10: 10¢. The distinctive mark of this easy puzzle is that it evokes an answer that is intuitive, appealing, and wrong. Do the math, and you will see. If the ball costs 10¢, then the total cost will be $1.20 (10¢ for the ball and $1.10 for the bat), not $1.10. The correct answer is 5¢. It is safe to assume that the intuitive answer also came to the mind of those who ended up with the correct number—they somehow managed to resist the intuition. ~ Daniel Kahneman,
1230:It was a perfect school for Einstein. The teaching was based on the philosophy of a Swiss educational reformer of the early nineteenth century, Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, who believed in encouraging students to visualize images. He also thought it important to nurture the “inner dignity” and individuality of each child. Students should be allowed to reach their own conclusions, Pestalozzi preached, by using a series of steps that began with hands-on observations and then proceeded to intuitions, conceptual thinking, and visual imagery. 56 It was even possible to learn—and truly understand—the laws of math and physics that way. Rote drills, memorization, and force-fed facts were avoided. ~ Walter Isaacson,
1231:With the threat of failure looming, students with the growth mindset set instead mobilized their resources for learning. They told us that they, too, sometimes felt overwhelmed, but their response was to dig in and do what it takes. They were like George Danzig. Who? George Danzig was a graduate student in math at Berkeley. One day, as usual, he rushed in late to his math class and quickly copied the two homework problems from the blackboard. When he later went to do them, he found them very difficult, and it took him several days of hard work to crack them open and solve them. They turned out not to be homework problems at all. They were two famous math problems that had never been solved. ~ Carol S Dweck,
1232:Therein lies the key, I think, to Einstein’s brilliance and the lessons of his life. As a young student he never did well with rote learning. And later, as a theorist, his success came not from the brute strength of his mental processing power but from his imagination and creativity. He could construct complex equations, but more important, he knew that math is the language nature uses to describe her wonders. So he could visualize how equations were reflected in realities—how the electromagnetic field equations discovered by James Clerk Maxwell, for example, would manifest themselves to a boy riding alongside a light beam. As he once declared, “Imagination is more important than knowledge.”6 ~ Walter Isaacson,
1233:We do ability grouping early on in childhood. We have advanced reading groups and advanced math groups. So, early on, if we look at young kids, in kindergarten and first grade, the teachers are confusing maturity with ability. And they put the older kids in the advanced stream, where they learn better skills; and the next year, because they are in the higher groups, they do even better; and the next year, the same things happens, and they do even better again. The only country we don’t see this going on is Denmark. They have a national policy where they have no ability grouping until the age of ten.” Denmark waits to make selection decisions until maturity differences by age have evened out. ~ Malcolm Gladwell,
1234:There are no single guys who don’t have at least one major flaw, and a flaw, I might add, that would stop you from dating them – even if everything else was great. Why? Simple math. Women are interesting and honest and sensitive. Most men are not. There is only one normal, decent single guy for every five women in this city. This is what’s known as the Great Male Statistic. Girls don’t want to face the GMS. They want to believe there’s someone for everyone. The truth hurts. You only start coming to terms with the GMS when you’re twenty-six or twenty-seven. It actually killed Sylvia Plath. She finally found this guy in grad school who she thought was so great, and she married him, and he cheated on her. ~ Caren Lissner,
1235:science and reason, which has found itself in recent decades under attack on many fronts: right-wing ideologues who do not understand science; religious-right conservatives who fear science; left-wing postmodernists who do not trust science when it doesn’t support progressive tenets about human nature; extreme environmentalists who want to return to a prescientific and preindustrial agrarian society; antivaxxers who wrongly imagine that vaccinations cause autism and other maladies; anti-GMO (genetically modified food) activists who worry about Frankenfoods; and educators of all stripes who cannot articulate why Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) are so vital to a modern democratic nation. ~ Michael Shermer,
1236:It’s easy to raise graduation rates, for example, by lowering standards. Many students struggle with math and science prerequisites and foreign languages. Water down those requirements, and more students will graduate. But if one goal of our educational system is to produce more scientists and technologists for a global economy, how smart is that? It would also be a cinch to pump up the income numbers for graduates. All colleges would have to do is shrink their liberal arts programs, and get rid of education departments and social work departments while they’re at it, since teachers and social workers make less money than engineers, chemists, and computer scientists. But they’re no less valuable to society. ~ Cathy O Neil,
1237:Once I dated a woman I only liked 43%.
So I only listened to 43% of what she said.

Only told the truth 43% of the time.
And only kissed with 43% of my lips.

Some say you can't quantify desire,
attaching a number to passion isn't right,
that the human heart doesn't work like that.

But for me it does-I walk down the street

and numbers appear on the foreheads
of the people I look at. In bars, it's worse.

With each drink, the numbers go up
until every woman in the joint has a blurry

eighty something above her eyebrows,
and the next day I can only remember 17%
of what actually happened. That's the problem
with booze-it screws with your math. ~ Jeffrey McDaniel,
1238:In the United States and other countries, we’d put off this reckoning, convinced that our kids would always get second and third chances until well into adulthood. We had the same attitude toward teachers: Anyone and everyone could become a teacher, as long as they showed up for class, followed the rules, and had good intentions. We had the schools we wanted, in a way. Parents did not tend to show up at schools demanding that their kids be assigned more challenging reading or that their kindergarteners learn math while they still loved numbers. They did show up to complain about bad grades, however. And they came in droves, with video cameras and lawn chairs and full hearts, to watch their children play sports. ~ Amanda Ripley,
1239:Naomi doubted that any human being really understood math, they simply all pretended to have it down pat, when in truth they were every bit as confused by it as she was. Math was nothing but a giant hoax, and everyone participated in it, everyone faked belief in math so they could be done with hideous classes and the drudgery of the hateful homework and get on with life. The sun came up every morning, so the sun was real, and every time you inhaled you got the air you needed, so the atmosphere was obviously real, but half the time when you tried to use math to solve the simplest problem, the math absolutely would not work, which meant that it couldn't be real like the sun and the atmosphere. Math was a waste of time. ~ Dean Koontz,
1240:For example, if healthy 30-year-olds are sleep deprived for six days (averaging, in this study, about four hours of sleep per night), parts of their body chemistry soon revert to that of a 60-year-old. And if they are allowed to recover, it will take them almost a week to get back to their 30-year-old systems. Taken together, these studies show that sleep loss cripples thinking in just about every way you can measure thinking. Sleep loss hurts attention, executive function, working memory, mood, quantitative skills, logical reasoning ability, general math knowledge. Eventually, sleep loss affects manual dexterity, including fine motor control, and even gross motor movements, such as the ability to walk on a treadmill. ~ John Medina,
1241:When the Soviet Union launched Sputnik in 1957, my parents, like the rest of America, were terrified. The Soviets had nuclear weapons and now were ahead of us in space. So my parents marched me and Owen into our living room, sat us down, and said, " You boys are going to study math and Science so we can beat the Soviets!"
I thought that was a lot of pressure to put on a six-year old. But own and I were obedient sons, so we studied math and science. And we were good at it.. Owen was the first in our family to go to college. He went to MIT, graduating with a degree in physics, and then became a photographer.
I went to Harvard, and became a comedian. My poor parents.
But we still beat the Soviets. You're welcome. ~ Al Franken,
1242:Listen carefully: you do not need to have a "productive" homeschool day to please the Savior. You do not need to have a clean house to please the Savior. You do not even need to have well-behaved kids to please Him. It doesn't matter if you hit every math problem, get through an entire spelling lesson, or whether your child loves learning the way you want him to. It doesn't matter! What matters is that we seek to imitate Christ. That we order our loves so that our hearts better reflect His.  Many days, checklists will go untouched, books will go unread, ducks will not line up in a row, no matter how much we strive. So cease striving. "It is our part to offer what we can, His to finish what we cannot." —— St. Jerome ~ Sarah Mackenzie,
1243:In his searches, Schwall noticed something else, though at first he didn’t know what to make of it: A surprisingly large number of the people pulled in by the big Wall Street banks to build the technology for high-frequency trading were Russians. “If you went to LinkedIn and looked at one of these Russian guys, you would see he was linked to all the other Russians,” said Schwall. “I’d go to find Dmitri and I’d also find Misha and Vladimir and Tolstoy or whatever.” The Russians came not from finance but from telecom, physics, medical research, university math departments, and a lot of other useful fields. The big Wall Street firms had become machines for turning analytically minded Russians into high-frequency traders. ~ Michael Lewis,
1244:Of course, there can be clear indications that a teacher is not worth paying attention to. A history as a fabulist or a con artist should be considered fatal; thus, the spiritual opinions of Joseph Smith, Gurdjieff, and L. Ron Hubbard can be safely ignored. A fetish for numbers is also an ominous sign. Math is magical, but math approached like magic is just superstition—and numerology is where the intellect goes to die. Prophecy is also a very strong indication of chicanery or madness on the part of a teacher, and of stupidity among his students. One can extrapolate from scientific data or technological trends (climate models, Moore’s law), but most detailed predictions about the future lead to embarrassment right on schedule. ~ Sam Harris,
1245:Many people who celebrate the arts and the humanities, who applaud vigorously the tributes to their importance in our schools, will proclaim without shame (and sometimes even joke) that they don’t understand math or physics. They extoll the virtues of learning Latin, but they are clueless about how to write an algorithm or tell BASIC from C++, Python from Pascal. They consider people who don’t know Hamlet from Macbeth to be Philistines, yet they might merrily admit that they don’t know the difference between a gene and a chromosome, or a transistor and a capacitor, or an integral and a differential equation. These concepts may seem difficult. Yes, but so, too, is Hamlet. And like Hamlet, each of these concepts is beautiful. ~ Walter Isaacson,
1246:It gave Jane a wicked sense of satisfaction that he’d noticed that aspect of her sister’s personality, but she tried not to sound too arrogant. “Savannah doesn’t worry about homework. Apparently they don’t care about your GPA when you apply for beauty school.”
“Beauty school, huh? I would have thought she’d already graduated valedictorian from there.”
Jane blinked at him in frustration.

Fairy’s side note: Adults are constantly telling teenagers that it’s what’s on the inside that matters. It’s always painful to find out that adults have lied to you.

Hunter shrugged. “I guess I shouldn’t have assumed you’d be like Savannah where math is concerned.”

Meaning: After all, you aren’t pretty like she is. ~ Janette Rallison,
1247:logically speaking, you have a house." "Yes, I do have a house." "And because you have a house, I think that you might logically have a family." "Yes, I have a family." "So, because you have a family, then logically you must have a wife. And because you have a wife, then logic tells me you must be a heterosexual." "I am a heterosexual. That's amazing! You were able to find out all of that just because I have a weed eater." Excited to take the class, Jim shakes the dean's hand and leaves to go meet Bob at the bar. He tells Bob about his classes, and how he is signed up for Math, English, History, and Logic. "Logic?" Bob says, "What's that?" "I'll give you an example," says Jim. "Do you have a weed eater?" "No." "Then you're gay." ♦◊♦◊♦◊♦ ~ Various,
1248:That is what is marvelous about school, she realized: when you are in school, your talents are without number, and your promise is boundless. You ace a math test: you will one day work for NASA. The choir director asks you to sing a solo at the holiday concert: you are the next Mariah Carey. You score a goal, you win a poetry contest, you act in a play. And you are everything at once: actor, astronomer, gymnast, star. But at a certain point, you begin to feel your talents dropping away, like feathers from a molting bird. Cello lessons conflict with soccer practice. There aren't enough spots on the debating team. Calculus remains elusive. Until the day you realize that you cannot think of a single thing you are wonderful at. ~ Sarah Shun lien Bynum,
1249:Mr. McLean looked up at Piper. He seemed unconcerned by her knife and blowgun. “Going out?” “Just for a while.” Piper kissed her father on the cheek. “I’ll be back tonight. Don’t let them take the sleeping bags, okay? You and I can camp out on the terrace. It’ll be fun.” “All right.” He patted her arm absently. “Good luck…studying?” “Yep,” Piper said. “Studying.” You have to love the Mist. You can stroll out of your house heavily armed, in the company of a satyr, a demigod, and a flabby former Olympian, and thanks to the Mist’s perception-bending magic, your mortal father assumes you’re going to a study group. That’s right, Dad. We need to go over some math problems that involve the trajectory of blowgun darts against moving targets. ~ Rick Riordan,
1250:A long, fruitful retirement is a concept that’s only a few generations old. If you recall from our discussion earlier, when President Franklin Roosevelt created Social Security in 1935, the average life expectancy was just 62. And the payments wouldn’t kick in until age 65, so only a small percentage would actually receive Social Security benefits to begin with. At the time, the Social Security system made financial sense because there were 40 workers (contributors) for every retiree collecting benefits. That means there were 40 people pulling the wagon, with only 1 sitting in the back. By 2010, the ratio had dropped to only 2.9 wagon pullers for every retiree. The math doesn’t pencil out, but since when has that stopped Washington? ~ Anthony Robbins,
1251:I am speaking to you as I always have—as the sober and serious man I have always wanted you to be, who does not apologize for his human feelings, who does not make excuses for his height, his long arms, his beautiful smile. You are growing into consciousness, and my wish for you is that you feel no need to constrict yourself to make other people comfortable. None of that can change the math anyway. I never wanted you to be twice as good as them, so much as I have always wanted you to attack every day of your brief bright life in struggle. The people who must believe they are white can never be your measuring stick. I would not have you descend into your own dream. I would have you be a conscious citizen of this terrible and beautiful world. ~ Ta Nehisi Coates,
1252:The basic problem for Lawrence was that he was lazy. He had figured out that everything was much simpler if, like Superman with his X-ray vision, you just stared through the cosmetic distractions and saw the underlying mathematical skeleton. Once you found the math in a thing, you knew everything about it, and you could manipulate it to your heart’s content with nothing more than a pencil and a napkin. He saw it in the curve of the silver bars on his glockenspiel, saw it in the catenary arch of a bridge and in the capacitor-studded drum of Atanasoff and Berry’s computing machine. Actually pounding on the glockenspiel, riveting the bridge together, or trying to figure out why the computing machine wasn’t working were not as interesting to him. ~ Neal Stephenson,
1253:I am speaking to you as I always have - as the sober and serious man I have always wanted you to be, who does not apologize for his human feelings, who does not make excuses for his height, his long arms, his beautiful smile. You are growing into consciousness, and my wish for you is that you feel no need to constrict yourself to make other people comfortable. None of that can change the math anyway. I never wanted you to be twice as good as them, so much as I have always wanted you to attack every day of your brief bright life in struggle. The people who must believe they are white can never be your measuring stick. I would not have you descend into your won dream. I would have you be a conscious citizen of this terrible and beautiful world. ~ Ta Nehisi Coates,
1254:Some people majored in English to prepare for law school. Others became journalists. The smartest guy in the honors program, Adam Vogel, a child of academics, was planning on getting a Ph.D. and becoming an academic himself. That left a large contingent of people majoring in English by default. Because they weren't left-brained enough for science, because history was too try, philosophy too difficult, geology too petroleum-oriented, and math too mathematical - because they weren't musical, artistic, financially motivated, or really all that smart, these people were pursuing university degrees doing something no different from what they'd done in first grade: reading stories. English was what people who didn't know what to major in majored in. ~ Jeffrey Eugenides,
1255:You can tell if a discipline is BS if the degree depends severely on the prestige of the school granting it. I remember when I applied to MBA programs being told that anything outside the top ten or twenty would be a waste of time. On the other hand a degree in mathematics is much less dependent on the school (conditional on being above a certain level, so the heuristic would apply to the difference between top ten and top two thousand schools). The same applies to research papers. In math and physics, a result posted on the repository site arXiv (with a minimum hurdle) is fine. In low-quality fields like academic finance (where papers are usually some form of complicated storytelling), the “prestige” of the journal is the sole criterion. ~ Nassim Nicholas Taleb,
1256:I can’t talk about our love story, so I will talk about math. I am not a mathematician, but I know this: There are infinite numbers between 0 and 1. There’s .1 and .12 and .112 and an infinite collection of others. Of course, there is a bigger infinite set of numbers between 0 and 2, or between 0 and a million. Some infinities are bigger than other infinities. A writer we used to like taught us that. There are days, many of them, when I resent the size of my unbounded set. I want more numbers than I’m likely to get, and God, I want more numbers for Augustus Waters than he got. But, Gus, my love, I cannot tell you how thankful I am for our little infinity. I wouldn’t trade it for the world. You gave me a forever within the numbered days, and I’m grateful. ~ John Green,
1257:I can’t talk about our love story, so I will talk about math. I am not a mathematician, but I know this: There are infinite numbers between 0 and 1. There’s .1 and .12 and .112 and an infinite collection of others. Of course, there is a bigger infinite set of numbers between 0 and 2, or between 0 and a million. Some infinities are bigger than other infinities. A writer we used to like taught us that. There are days, many of them, when I resent the size of any unbounded set. I want more numbers than I’m likely to get, and God, I want more numbers for Augustus Waters than he got. But, Gus, my love, I cannot tell you how thankful I am for our little infinity. I wouldn't trade it for the world. You gave me a forever within the numbered days, and I’m grateful. ~ John Green,
1258:I can’t talk about our love story, so I will talk about math. I am not a mathematician, but I know this: There are infinite numbers between 0 and 1. There’s .1 and .12 and .112 and an infinite collection of others. Of course, there is a bigger infinite set of numbers between 0 and 2, or between 0 and a million. Some infinities are bigger than other infinities. A writer we used to like taught us that. There are days, many of them, when I resent the size of my unbounded set. I want more numbers than I’m likely to get, and God, I want more numbers for Augustus Waters than he got. But, Gus, my love, I cannot tell “you how thankful I am for our little infinity. I wouldn’t trade it for the world. You gave me a forever within the numbered days, and I’m grateful. ~ John Green,
1259:Kelvin, let’s open the lower hatches, we can shout to it
down there, below, maybe it’ll hear us? But what’s its name? Think about it, we’ve
named all the stars and the planets, but maybe they already had names? Such arrogance! Come on, let’s go down there. We can call out to it. . . tell it what it’s turned
us into, it’ll be appalled. . . it’ll build us some silver symmetriads and pray for us in
its own math, and throw bloody angels at us, and its suffering will be our suffering,
its fear our fear, and it’ll beg us for an end. Because everything it is and everything
it does is a plea for an end. Why are you not laughing? I’m just joking around. If we
had more of a sense of humor as a race, things might not have gone this far. ~ Stanis aw Lem,
1260:...he would tell stories about the Holy City, about Solomon, a just king, a poet-king, a monarch with a thousand concubines. We weren't quite sure what concubines were, but we guessed: a concubine ... Concubines! One thousand! One thousand women in all colours and shapes - but all of them sexy, of course - one thousand - one thousand raving beauties lying side by side on a bed (what a bed! How wide it must have been!), all of them smiling, all of them reaching out their arms, all of them saying something in Hebrew - but the meaning was unmistakeable - "Come here, sweety." One thousand women. If one were to spend twenty, or fifteen minutes with each one of them, how long would it take to...? A problem that our math teacher never assigned us for homework...! ~ Moacyr Scliar,
1261:When you talk to the experts about developing new technology to provide clean drinking water for the developing world, they’ll tell you that—with four billion people making less than two dollars a day—there’s no viable business model, no economic model, and no way to finance development costs. But the twenty-five poorest countries already spend twenty percent of their GDP on water. This twenty percent, about thirty cents, ain’t much, but do the math again: four billion people spending thirty cents a day is a $1.2 billion market every day. It’s $400 billion a year. I can’t think of too many companies in the world that have $400 billion in sales a year. And you don’t have to do a market study to find out whether there’s a need. It’s water. There’s a need! ~ Peter H Diamandis,
1262:Researchers have confirmed what porn producers already know: men tend to get turned on by images depicting an environment in which sperm competition is clearly at play (though few, we imagine, think of it in quite these terms). Images and videos showing one woman with multiple males are far more popular on the Internet and in commercial pornography than those depicting one male with multiple females.14 A quick peek at the online offerings at Adult Video Universe lists over nine hundred titles in the Gangbang genre, but only twenty-seven listed under Reverse Gangbang. You do the math. Why would the males in a species that’s been wearing the shackles of monogamy for 1.9 million years be sexually excited by scenes of groups of men ejaculating with one or two women? ~ Christopher Ryan,
1263:Certainly she can't and won't measure what is measureless, what neither terminates nor repeats, what is beyond even the transcendental of π - though HE doesn't think so - what is beyond polynomials and quadratic formulas, beyond the rational and irrational, the humanist and the logical, beyond the minds of the Cantors and the Dedekinds, the Renaissance philosophers and the Indian Tantrists, what falls instead into the realm of gods and kinds, of myth, of dawn of man, of the mystery of mankind - that there is a space inside her designed solely for him and despite clear Euclidian impossibilities not only does everything, in plenary excess, cleave like it's meant to, but it makes her feel what math cannot explain, what science cannot explain. What nothing can explain. ~ Paullina Simons,
1264:The modified Mozart used by Tomatis, Paul, iLs, and others over time in an individualized therapy must be distinguished from claims made in the media in the 1990s that mothers could raise the IQ of their children by having them briefly listen to unfiltered Mozart. This claim was based on a study not of mothers and babies but of college students who listened to Mozart ten minutes a day and improved IQ scores on spatial reasoning tests—an effect that lasted only ten to fifteen minutes! Hype aside, different studies by Gottfried Schlaug, Christo Pantev, Laurel Trainor, Sylvain Moreno, and Glenn Schellenberg have shown that sustained music training, such as learning to play an instrument, can lead to brain change, enhance verbal and math skills, and even modestly increase IQ.] ~ Norman Doidge,
1265:American students, we are told, are falling behind in reading and math; on test after test, they score below most European students (at the level of Lithuania), and the solution, rather than seeking to engage their curiosity, has been testing and more testing— a dry and brittle method that produces lackluster results. And so resources are pulled from the “soft” fields that are not being tested. Music teachers are being fired or not replaced; art classes are quietly dropped from the curriculum; history is simplified and moralized, with little expectation that any facts will be learned or retained; and instead of reading short stories, poems and novels, students are invited to read train schedules and EPA reports whose jargon could put even the most committed environmentalist to sleep. ~ Azar Nafisi,
1266:I thought you people were supposed to be good at math."
"Yes, my people all do math for fun, while simultaneously dry-cleaning our karate outfits and giving each other manicures and pedicures, all in between our numerous piano and violin recitals," I said, slamming his book shut. "Do you own freaking work. Although I guess that's a completely foreign concept to you, isn't it? Since you've been deep-throating a silver spoon your whole life."
"That is so hot that you just said that," Camden said, lazily swiggin his Red Bull. "Besides, I'll work one of these days when I have to. I'll either go into real estate like my dad or find some rich old widow who wants...uh...services."
"That doesn't sound like work," I said.
"Of course it is, if she's old," he answered. ~ Cherry Cheva,
1267:Polarization is just one of many ways group membership can change an individual. Perhaps the most striking effect of group membership is that it can modify individuals’ perceptions of themselves. Unable to separate their personal introspection from the ways they believe other people perceive them, teenagers may have what psychologists call an “imaginary audience,” meaning they believe that other people are just as attuned to their appearance and behavior as they are (cue any pimple cream commercial). These perceptions can affect various aspects of their lives. For example, psychologists found that when Asian girls were subtly reminded about their Asian identity, they performed better on math tests. When they were subtly reminded about their gender, however, they performed worse. ~ Alexandra Robbins,
1268:If we step back from the progressive argument and put it in any other context, its absurdity immediately becomes apparent. Imagine if I were to say to my daughter, who got a high score on the SAT, “You don’t deserve your scores at all. You didn’t build that. After all, young lady, you had teachers who helped you with vocabulary and math. Moreover, you took the public roads to the test. Had your car been held up along the way or caught fire, you would count on the services of the police and the fire department. So society deserves a large part of the credit for those scores. They don’t reflect your accomplishment but society’s accomplishment.” If I said this I am sure my daughter would think I was talking like an insane person. In fact, of course, I would be talking like a progressive. ~ Dinesh D Souza,
1269:So you open your mouth and listen to yourself say, “I want eight thousand a day. Plus expenses.”

This is the polite, industry-standard way of saying “piss off, I’m not interested.” You did the math over your morning coffee: You want to earn 100K a year, what with those bonuses you’ve been pulling on top of your salary. (Besides, a euro doesn’t buy what it used to.) There are 250 working days in a year, and a contractor works for roughly 40 per cent of the time, so you need to charge yourself out at 2.5 times your payroll rate, or 1000 a day in order to meet your target. Not interested in the job? Pitch unrealistically high. You never know…

“Done,” says Mr. Pin-Stripe, staring at you expressionlessly. And it is at that point that you realize you are well and truly fucked. ~ Charles Stross,
1270:There were many deficits in our swamp education, but Grandpa Sawtooth, to his credit, taught us the names of whole townships that had been forgotten underwater. Black pioneers, Creek Indians, moonshiners, women, 'disappeared' boy soldiers who deserted their army camps. From Grandpa we learned how to peer beneath the sea-glare of the 'official, historical' Florida records we found in books. "Prejudice," as defined by Sawtooth Bigtree, was a kind of prehistoric arithmetic--a "damn, fool math"--in which some people counted and others did not. It meant white names on white headstones in the big cemetery in Cypress Point, and black and brown bodies buried in swamp water.

At ten, I couldn't articulate much but I got the message: to be a true historian, you had to mourn amply and well. ~ Karen Russell,
1271:So there are no ill effects?” I asked.
“Well, as I said, you could die.”
I looked him in the eye, my one good eye flicking back and forth between the two of his.
“So, if you had to give me odds for living another forty years, say until I was seventy, what would the odds be?”
“I’m not very good at that sort of thing.”
“Ten to one? One hundred to one?”
“I’ve never really understood what that means,” he said.
“Just give me the odds.”
“Of you living till you’re seventy?” he said. “I’d say it’s thirty-five, seventy-five.”
I shook my head. Dr. Owen and his nineteenth-century frame, blunt disregard for my need to be reassured and fucked-up math was too much. This man was making my world small. I imagined he was a moon who had just eclipsed me.
- "Bicycle Kick ~ Jonathan Messinger,
1272:The Debt Snowball method requires you to list all your debts in order of smallest payoff balance to largest. List all your debts except your home; we will get to it in another step. List all of your debts—even loans from Mom and Dad or medical debts that have zero interest. I don’t care if there is interest or not. I don’t care if some have 24 percent interest and others 4 percent. List the debts smallest to largest! If you were so fabulous with math, you wouldn’t have debt, so try this my way. The only time to pay off a larger debt sooner than a smaller one is some kind of big-time emergency such as owing the IRS and having them come after you, or in situations where there will be a foreclosure if you don’t pay it off. Otherwise, don’t argue about it; just list the debts smallest to largest. ~ Dave Ramsey,
1273:Lao-tzu advised, “As soon as you have a thought, laugh at it,” because reality is not what we think. We perceive the world through a window colored by beliefs, interpretations, and associations. We see things not as they are but as we are. The same brain that enables us to contemplate philosophy, solve math equations, and create poetry also generates a stream of static known as discursive thoughts, which seem to arise at random, bubbling up into our awareness. Such mental noise is a natural phenomenon, no more of a problem than the dreams that appear in the sleep state. Therefore, our schooling aims not to struggle with random thoughts but to transcend them in the present moment, where no thoughts exist, only awareness. Our mind’s liberation awaits not in some imagined future but here and now. ~ Dan Millman,
1274:The Bluebook is an absurdity, but it endures, in fact thrives, impervious to criticism and ridicule. The judiciary navigates the sea of modernity, slowed, thrown of course, by the barnacles of legal formalism (semantic escapes from reality, impoverished sense of context, fear of math and science, insensitivity to language and culture, mangling of history, superfluous footnotes, verbosity, excessive quotation, reader-unfriendly prose, exaggeration, bluster, obsession with citation form) – an accumulation of many centuries, yet constantly augmented. There is little desire to give the hull a good scraping. There is fear that the naked hull would be unslightly, even unseaworthy. The fear is overblown. A week after all the copies of the Bluebook were burned, their absence would not be noticed. ~ Richard A Posner,
1275:School is a terrible place, I have decided. There is nothing good about it except for math class. Everything else is a total waste of time. As I mentioned before I have done a lot of reading about prisons, and I notice that they always describe them as painted in very dull colors, and my school is also painted in these kinds of colors, with greenish lockers and brownish walls and grayish floors. Actually they recently fixed up one wing of the school, and now that part of the school is just the opposite—all the colors are really bright, with bright red and yellow lockers and blue doors and shiny white floors that are already all scuffed up. It's funny because I thought the other colors were terrible but these are much worse, because they make it seem like it's normal to be happy there when it isn't. ~ Dara Horn,
1276:Stanford University's psychologist Carol Dweck and her colleagues have discovered that what you believe about intellectual ability—whether you think it's a fixed gift, or an earned ability that can be developed—makes a difference to your behavior, persistence, and performance. Students who see ability as fixed—as a gift—are more vulnerable to setbacks and difficulties. And stereotypes, as Dweck rightly points out, "are stories about gifts—who has them and who doesn't." Dweck and her colleagues are shown that when students are encouraged to see math ability as something that grows with effort—pointing out, for example, that the brain forges new connections and develops better ability every time they practice a task—grades improve and gender gaps diminish (relative to groups given control interventions). ~ Cordelia Fine,
1277:I have no problem with being fabulous. My problem comes when you won't allow yourself to be an ordinary woman with a decent apartment and an okay job. When only the mom is allowed to be boring—because her life is so rich with meaning.

When I carefully choreographed the story of how amazing I was, I was acting like one of those helicopter parents—you know, the ones who refuse to admit that their Jackson might suck at math or Stella might not be the world's greatest violinist. 'You are special! You are special!' they cry to their children, hoping this will boost their confidence. But the real message is one of panic: You must be special. Ordinary is not okay. When I walked into a party projecting the Shiny Girl—she of the lighthearted flings and glitzy job—I was essentially doing the same thing. ~ Sara Eckel,
1278:Many people who celebrate the arts and the humanities, who applaud vigorously the tributes to their importance in our schools, will proclaim without shame (and sometimes even joke) that they don’t understand math or physics. They extoll the virtues of learning Latin, but they are clueless about how to write an algorithm or tell BASIC from C++, Python from Pascal. They consider people who don’t know Hamlet from Macbeth to be Philistines, yet they might merrily admit that they don’t know the difference between a gene and a chromosome, or a transistor and a capacitor, or an integral and a differential equation. These concepts may seem difficult. Yes, but so, too, is Hamlet. And like Hamlet, each of these concepts is beautiful. Like an elegant mathematical equation, they are expressions of the glories of the universe. ~ Walter Isaacson,
1279:The reality is that most of us grow up strapped in an educational system that favors obedience over independent thinking. We’re rewarded for trusting authority, and punished for challenging it. We focus on memorizing the stuff other people came up with—formulas in math, grammar rules in English, theories in physics, cell functions in biology—rather than grasping the logic behind our most important breakthroughs and tracing the footsteps of their discovery. We answer test questions with what we think our teacher wants to hear. We chase grades instead of knowledge. And worst of all, we leave the classroom woefully unequipped with the thinking skills that matter most: how to balance open-mindedness with skepticism, how to identify bias, and how to challenge assumptions—including our own—in a way that’s truly objective. ~ Denise Minger,
1280:I’m smart, right? I should be able to come up with a solid plan as to how I can get back to the twenty-first century.
The trouble is I’m lost without Wikipedia and Google. I know all sorts of things, of course, but none of it is useful: the periodic table of elements, how to factor a math equation with four different variables, the symbiotic relationship between the great white shark and the remora fish. Completely useless, random information.
Even a year of advanced chemistry isn’t going to do me any good; it’s not like there’s a chapter in there about time travel.
I get up off the bed and creep to the door and peek out. No one is around.
I’ll just explore the house. Maybe there really is a phone hidden somewhere that will prove Emily is lying about 1815. Or maybe I’ll find a servant in some Old Navy jeans. ~ Mandy Hubbard,
1281:And yet sometimes she worried about what those musty old books were doing to her. Some people majored in English to prepare for law school. Others became journalists. The smartest guy in the honors program, Adam Vogel, a child of academics, was planning on getting a Ph.D. and becoming an academic himself. That left a large contingent of people majoring in English by default. Because they weren't left-brained enough for science, because history was too dry, philosophy too difficult, geology too petroleum-oriented, and math too mathematical--because they weren't musical, artistic, financially motivated, or really all that smart, these people were pursuing university degrees doing something no different from what they'd done in first grade: reading stories. English was what people who didn't know what to major in majored in. ~ Jeffrey Eugenides,
1282:FROM THE AIR there seems to be a system: recognizable designs, networks on the desert floor. Crosshatches of ridge and fissure. Lines that fan out from the source. The shadow of the airplane slips across basin and range. Frost forms between the plane’s double windows, each geometric crystal an argument for the stillborn beauty of pure math. Eventually the cut of a road appears, as deep as a fossil in shale. Unbound by destination, a road simply for the sake of moving, however slowly, through miles of nothing. Through the system. The first grid is the strangest, the geometry of better living etched onto the desert floor: identical houses of a planned community pleated around the nucleus of a swimming pool. One and then another, until the desert is paved under streets and scattered with countless pools like a deck of blue cards. ~ Nicole Krauss,
1283:If he would just work with pure ideas like a proper mathematician he could go as fast as thought. As it happens, Alan has become fascinated by the incarnations of pure ideas in the physical world. The underlying math of the universe is like the light streaming in through the window. Alan is not satisfied with merely knowing that it streams in. He blows smoke into the air to make the light visible. He sits in meadows gazing at pine cones and flowers, tracing the mathematical patterns in their structure, and he dreams about electron winds blowing over the glowing filaments and screens of radio tubes, and, in their surges and eddies, capturing something of what is going on in his own brain. Turing is neither a mortal nor a god. He is Antaeus. That he bridges the mathematical and physical worlds is his strength and his weakness. ~ Neal Stephenson,
1284:His voice gentled and his touch became more like a caress. "I love you," he whispered.
"Romeo..."
"I love your glasses, your clumsiness, your wild hair, even the way you snort when you laugh." He smiled. "I love you in spite of yourself, Rim. Can't you love me in spite of myself?"
I couldn't help it, I smiled.
"You do come with a lot of baggage." I sighed. "You're impossibly good-looking, terrible at math, and you like to drink that swill you call beer." I mock shuddered.
He smiled, but I saw the relief in his eyes.
"Me being good-looking is a bad thing?" he teased.
"You have a lot of options," I said seriously. "I'm not the best one."
"No." He agreed. "You're not."
Geez, he could have said it a little nicer.
"You're the only one."
Oh, well, that was much better.

- Romeo & Rimmel ~ Cambria Hebert,
1285:The nautilus shell was exquisite, brown and white and perfectly striped. The math that lay like a dazzling creation spell over all who lived in the sea showed clearly in the spiral, each cell as great as the sum of the two previous sections. Everything in the ocean was a thing of beauty and numbers, even in death.
Mermaids could live for a long time, but their bodies became foam that dissipated into nothing when they died.
The poor little mollusk who lived in this shell had a very short life, but his shell could last for centuries.
Ariel sighed and brushed her fingers over it, feeling strangely melancholy despite the triumph she literally held in her hands. Years of being mute could be swept away in a second. Years of frustration, years of silent crying, years of anger.
And then what?
If she destroyed it, what would it change? ~ Liz Braswell,
1286:When you fear you will confirm a negative stereotype, it can become a self-fulfilling prophecy not because the stereotype is true, but because you can't stop worrying that you could become an example proving it.
This self-fulfilling prophecy, being only a matter of perception, can be easily sublimated. Another study by Steele measured the math abilities of men versus women. When the questions were easy, the women and men performed the same. When they were difficult, the women's scores plummeted lower than did those of their male peers. When they ran the tests again with new participants, but this time before handing out the problems told the subjects that men and women tended to perform equally on the exam, the scores leveled out. The women performed just as well as did the men. The power of the stereotype--women are bad at math--was nullified. ~ David McRaney,
1287:When I left home, Bo was six years old. He was our only child, but we were planning more. The math is easy, and I’ve done it a million times. He’ll be sixteen when I get out, a fully grown teenager, and I will have missed ten of the most precious years a father and son can have. Until they are about twelve years old, little boys worship their fathers and believe they can do no wrong. I coached Bo in T-ball and youth soccer, and he followed me around like a puppy. We fished and camped, and he sometimes went to my office with me on Saturday mornings, after a boys-only breakfast. He was my world, and trying to explain to him that I was going away for a long time broke both our hearts. Once behind bars, I refused to allow him to visit me. As much as I wanted to squeeze him, I could not stand the thought of that little boy seeing his father incarcerated. ~ John Grisham,
1288:He let out a breath. "How old are you?" he asked, fearful of the answer.

"Twenty-five." She gave him a wry smile. "And since you yelled it at Heather, I know you're 'forty fucking years old'."

He would have laughed, but he couldn't breathe. Jesus, he'd known she was young, but hearing her actual age..."That's fifteen years."

"I can do the math, but you know what else? I'm legal. I can drink. I have decent car insurance since I hit the quarter century mark, and I own this house." she paused. "Well the bank owns most of it, but I qualified for a loan and everything since I have decent credit." Her nose wrinkled. "I'm getting off subject. If the age difference truly bothers you, then I will see you at the shop to finish your tattoo. No hard feelings."

He growled softly. Well, something was hard, and it wasn't his feelings. ~ Carrie Ann Ryan,
1289:In terms of funding, Google dwarfs even its own government: U.S. federal funding for math and computer science research amounts to less than half of Google’s own R&D budget. That spending spree has bought Alphabet an outsized share of the world’s brightest AI minds. Of the top one hundred AI researchers and engineers, around half are already working for Google. The other half are distributed among the remaining Seven Giants, academia, and a handful of smaller startups. Microsoft and Facebook have soaked up substantial portions of this group, with Facebook bringing on superstar researchers like Yann LeCun. Of the Chinese giants, Baidu went into deep-learning research earliest—even trying to acquire Geoffrey Hinton’s startup in 2013 before being outbid by Google—and scored a major coup in 2014 when it recruited Andrew Ng to head up its Silicon Valley AI Lab. ~ Kai Fu Lee,
1290:Ida was a planetary woman. She knew—she had seen it proved in math, in words—that the apparent safety of a planet’s solid ground beneath her feet was based on precisely the same physical laws that described the construction of a spaceship, that there was no real difference between the solidity of dirt beneath her feet and the hollowness of sculpted carbon and iron. She knew this for the fact that it was, but Ida Stays was a planetary woman, and it was with a planetary woman’s fear that she froze in the darkness, because Ida did not believe in God, did not believe in any gods at all, only the cold fact of existence and man’s ability to work within the inflexible laws of nature, but somehow she, so human, so unmechanical, somehow she trusted the engineer that had constructed the planets far more than the human ones who had built the ships that flew between them. ~ C A Higgins,
1291:It's the way it works," she said in clipped tones. "For one rise, another must fall."
"But why? Why can't we just rise, and everybody else can stay where they are? I wouldn't care!"
"And you think I would?" Keisha demanded. She glared at me, the visibly pulled herself back. When she exhaled, her nostrils flared. "Say you've taken a math test. Or an English test, since you love books so much. And you get a hundred. You're psyched, right? 'Mom, I got a hundred! I got the highest grade in the class!'" She raised her eyebrows. "But say everybody else gets a hundred, too. Are you still as proud?"
"Of course," I said stubbornly. "I'd still have my A."
"Bullshit. You like your As because other people get Cs. Because that means you're smarted than they are. Better than they are."
"I don't think I'm better than anyone."
"Then you're and idiot. ~ Lauren Myracle,
1292:Taking pity on me, Carissa kept her voice low. “You were calling out for Daemon.”I dropped my face in my hands and moaned. “Oh, God.”
Lesa giggled. “It was kind of cute.”
A minute before the tardy bell rang, I felt an all-too-familiar warmth on my neck and glanced up. Daemon swaggered into class. Textbook-less as usual. He had a notebook, but I don’t think he ever wrote anything in it. I was beginning to suspect our math teacher was an alien, because how else would Daemon get away with not doing a damn thing in class? He passed by without so much as a look.
I twisted around in my chair. “I need to talk to you.”
He slid into his desk chair. “Okay.”
“In private,” I whispered.
His expression didn’t change as he leaned back in his chair. “Meet me in the library at lunch. No one really goes in there. You know, with all those books and stuff. ~ Jennifer L Armentrout,
1293:these models are constructed not just from data but from the choices we make about which data to pay attention to—and which to leave out. Those choices are not just about logistics, profits, and efficiency. They are fundamentally moral. If we back away from them and treat mathematical models as a neutral and inevitable force, like the weather or the tides, we abdicate our responsibility. And the result, as we’ve seen, is WMDs that treat us like machine parts in the workplace, that blackball employees and feast on inequities. We must come together to police these WMDs, to tame and disarm them. My hope is that they’ll be remembered, like the deadly coal mines of a century ago, as relics of the early days of this new revolution, before we learned how to bring fairness and accountability to the age of data. Math deserves much better than WMDs, and democracy does too. ~ Cathy O Neil,
1294:We're constantly judging and grading other parents, just to make sure that they aren't any better than us. I'm as guilty as anyone. I see some lady hand her kid a Nintendo DS at the supermarket and I instantly downgrade that lady to Shitty Parent status. I feel pressure to live up to a parental ideal that no one probably has ever achieved. I feel pressure to raise a group of human beings that will help America kick the shit out of Finland and South Korea in the world math rankings. I feel pressure to shield my kids from the trillion pages of hentai donkey porn out there on the Internet. I feel pressure to make the insane amounts of money needed for a supposedly 'middle-class' upbringing for the kids, an upbringing that includes a house and college tuition and health care and so many other expenses that you have to be a multimillionaire to afford it. PRESSURE PRESSURE PRESSURE. ~ Drew Magary,
1295:We all do it, you know. Distract ourselves from noticing, how time's passing. We throw ourselves into our jobs...We fill up our gas tanks and top off our Metrocards and do the grocery shopping... And then one day, you look in the mirror and see gray hair. One day, you realize there is less of your life left than what you've already lived. And you think, how did this happen so fast ? ...
...When this realization hits, you start doing the math. How much time do I have left? How much can I fit into that small space?
Some of us let this realization guide us... We book trips to Tibet...We try to pretend it's not almost over.
But some of us just fill up our gas tanks and top off our Metrocards..., because if you only see the path, that's right ahead of you, you don't obsess over when the clip might drop off.
Some of us never learn.
And some of us learn earlier than others... ~ Jodi Picoult,
1296:when he was engaged in blue-sky thinking, his science was not a separate endeavor from his art. Together they served his driving passion, which was nothing less than knowing everything there was to know about the world, including how we fit into it. He had a reverence for the wholeness of nature and a feel for the harmony of its patterns, which he saw replicated in phenomena large and small. In his notebooks he would record curls of hair, eddies of water, and whirls of air, along with some stabs at the math that might underlie such spirals. While at Windsor Castle looking at the swirling power of the “Deluge drawings” that he made near the end of his life, I asked the curator, Martin Clayton, whether he thought Leonardo had done them as works of art or of science. Even as I spoke, I realized it was a dumb question. “I do not think that Leonardo would have made that distinction,” he replied. ~ Walter Isaacson,
1297:What's your deal?" I asked in the hallway after class. "I know you did that."

He shrugged. "So?"
... "That was rude, Daemon. You embarrassed him." ... "And I thought using your ... stuff would draw them here?"
... "That was barley a blip on the map. That didn't even leave a trace on anyone."
He lowered his head until the edges of his dark curled brushed my cheek. I was caught between wanting to crawl into my locker or crawl into him. "Besides, I was doing you a favor."
I laughed. "And how was that doing me a favor?"
... "Studying math wasn't what he had in mind."
That was debatable, but I decided to play along ... "And what if that's the case?"
"You like Simon?" His chin jerked up, anger flashing in his emerald eyes. "You can't possibly like him."
... "Are you jealous? ... Your jealous of Simon?" I lowered my voice. "Of a human? For shame, Daemon. ~ Jennifer L Armentrout,
1298:Montessori believed that if children were exposed to a safe, experiential learning environment (as opposed to a structured classroom), with access to specific learning materials and supplies, and if they were supervised by a gentle and attentive teacher, they would become self-motivated to learn. She discovered that, in this environment, older children readily worked with younger children, helping them to learn from, and cooperate with, each other. Montessori advocated teaching practical skills, like cooking, carpentry, and domestic arts, as an integrated part of a classical education in literature, science, and math. To her surprise, teenagers seemed to benefit from this approach the most; it built confidence, and the students became less resistant to traditional educational goals. Through this method, each child could reach his or her potential, regardless of age and intellectual ability. ~ Kate Clifford Larson,
1299:Many school programs seem to offer either The Cultural Literacy Track or The Vocational Track. The Cultural Literacy programs are designed for the “smart kids” who are going to go on to ever-higher levels of both education and financial success. This track, with no pretense of being real world, includes classes on classics, foreign languages, and math theory (such as calculus). It is a curriculum based on “teach what has been taught.” The Vocational programs are for the “remedial kids” who are going to have only blue-collar futures if they are in high school (taking classes such as wood working) or inflexible paraprofessional paths if they are in college (such as degrees in physical therapy). This two-tier approach is an immoral sorting system with crippling consequences. Maybe worse, it also presents a false dichotomy. Instead, true wisdom comes from a synthesis of those two perspectives and more. The ~ Clark Aldrich,
1300:Even as our world is being daily transformed by breathtaking innovations in science and technology, many people continue to imagine that math and science are mostly a matter of memorizing formulas to get “the right answer.” Even engineering, which is in fact the process of creating something from scratch or putting things together in novel and non-self-evident ways, is perplexingly viewed as a mechanical or rote subject. This viewpoint, frankly, could only be held by people who never truly learned math or science, who are stubbornly installed on one side of the so-called Two Culture divide. The truth is that anything significant that happens in math, science, or engineering is the result of heightened intuition and creativity. This is art by another name, and it’s something that tests are not very good at identifying or measuring. The skills and knowledge that tests can measure are merely warm-up exercises. ~ Salman Khan,
1301:At the end of our lives, He is going to look into hearts. What is it He will find there, I wonder? Will he find that we used the geography lesson, the dreaded math test, the teetering laundry pile and the boiling-over pot of soup to draw closer to Him? Did we use these gifts to teach our children to lift their eyes heavenward? Were the tedious details of a homeschooling day offered up as a way for us to love Him, or were they merely gotten through, checked off and accomplished? Did we even realize that every Monday, every Thursday, we were standing on holy ground? No task is too trivial, no assignment too small. Educating our children is an offering of love we make to the God Who was so gracious to bestow them upon us in the first place. Every moment of the daily grind in raising and teaching and loving on them is hallowed, because we do it for Him and because there would be no point of doing it without Him. ~ Sarah Mackenzie,
1302:So, in one slightly technical line, here's the mathematical skinny. There's an equation in string theory that has a contribution of the form (D-10) times (Trouble), where D represents the number of spacetime dimensions and Trouble is a mathematical expression resulting in troublesome physical phenomena, such as the violation of energy conservation mentioned above. As to why the equation takes this precise form, I can't offer any intuitive, nontechnical explanation. But if you do the calculation, that's where the math leads. Now, this simple but key observation is that if the number of spacetime dimensions is ten, not the four we expect, the contribution becomes 0 times Trouble. And since 0 times anything is 0, in a universe with ten spacetime dimensions the trouble gets wiped away. That's how the math plays out. Really. And that's why string theorists argue for a universe with more than four spacetime dimensions. ~ Brian Greene,
1303:It is perfectly all right for modern evolutionary biologists to explain just the patterns of living creatures, and not the “evolution” of stars or the “evolution” of technology. Alas, some unfortunate souls use the same word “evolution” to cover the naturally selected patterns of replicating life, and the strictly accidental structure of stars, and the intelligently configured structure of technology. And as we all know, if people use the same word, it must all be the same thing. We should automatically generalize anything we think we know about biological evolution to technology. Anyone who tells us otherwise must be a mere pointless pedant. It couldn’t possibly be that our ignorance of modern evolutionary theory is so total that we can’t tell the difference between a carburetor and a radiator. That’s unthinkable. No, the other person—you know, the one who’s studied the math—is just too dumb to see the connections. ~ Eliezer Yudkowsky,
1304:Anyway.
I’m not allowed to watch TV, although I am allowed to rent documentaries that are approved for me, and I can read anything I want. My favorite book is A Brief History of Time, even though I haven’t actually finished it, because the math is incredibly hard and Mom isn’t good at helping me. One of my favorite parts is the beginning of the first chapter, where Stephen Hawking tells about a famous scientist who was giving a lecture about how the earth orbits the sun, and the sun orbits the solar system, and whatever. Then a woman in the back of the room raised her hand and said, “What you
have told us is rubbish. The world is really a flat plate supported on the back
of a giant tortoise.” So the scientist asked her what the tortoise was standing
on. And she said, “But it’s turtles all the way down!”
I love that story, because it shows how ignorant people can be. And also because I love tortoises. ~ Jonathan Safran Foer,
1305:Hanging Fire
I am fourteen
and my skin has betrayed me
the boy I cannot live without
still sucks his thumb
in secret
how come my knees are
always so ashy
what if I die
before morning
and momma's in the bedroom
with the door closed.
I have to learn how to dance
in time for the next party
my room is too small for me
suppose I die before graduation
they will sing sad melodies
but finally
tell the truth about me
There is nothing I want to do
and too much
that has to be done
and momma's in the bedroom
with the door closed.
Nobody even stops to think
about my side of it
I should have been on Math Team
my marks were better than his
why do I have to be
the one
wearing braces
I have nothing to wear tomorrow
will I live long enough
to grow up
and momma's in the bedroom
with the door closed.
19
~ Audre Lorde,
1306:My father was neither an ally nor a confidant, but it seemed backward to me that this hardworking man would be relegated to the sofa while my lazy mother got the king-size bed. I resented her for that, but she seemed immune to guilt and shame. I think she got away with so much because she was beautiful. She looked like Lee Miller if Lee Miller had been a bedroom drunk. I assume she blamed my father for ruining her life—she got pregnant and dropped out of college to marry him. She didn’t have to, of course. I was born in August 1973, seven months after Roe v. Wade. Her family was the country club brand of alcoholic Southern Baptists—Mississippi loggers on one side, Louisiana oilmen on the other—or else, I assumed, she would have aborted me. My father was twelve years older than my mother. She’d been just nineteen years old and already four months pregnant when they got married. I’d figured that out as soon as I could do the math. ~ Ottessa Moshfegh,
1307:But at some point Tengo noticed that returning to reality from the world of a novel was not as devastating a blow as returning from the world of mathematics. Why should that have been? After much deep thought, he reached a conclusion. No matter how clear the relationships of things might become in the forest of story, there was never a clear-cut solution. That was how it differed from math. The role of a story was, in the broadest terms, to transpose a single problem into another form. Depending on the nature and direction of the problem, a solution could be suggested in the narrative. Tengo would return to the real world with that suggestion in hand. It was like a piece of paper bearing the indecipherable text of a magic spell. At times it lacked coherence and served no immediate practical purpose. But it would contain a possibility. Someday he might be able to decipher the spell. That possibility would gently warm his heart from within. ~ Anonymous,
1308:A part of Jutta does not want to take the letter. Does not want to hear what this huge man has traveled a long way to say. Weeks go by when Jutta does not allow herself to think of the war, of Frau Elena, of the awful last months in Berlin. Now she can buy pork seven days a week. Now, if the house feels cold she twists a dial in the kitchen, and voilà. She does not want to be one of those middle-aged women who thinks of nothing but her own painful history. Sometimes she looks at the eyes of her older colleagues and wonders what they did when the electricity was out, when there were no candles, when the rain came through the ceiling. What they saw. Only rarely does she loosen the seals enough to allow herself to think of Werner. In many ways, her memories of her brother have become things to lock away. A math teacher at Helmholtz-Gymnasium in 1974 does not bring up a brother who attended the National Political Institute of Education at Schulpforta. ~ Anthony Doerr,
1309:I need wonder. I know that death is coming. I smell it in the wind, read it in the paper, watch it on television, and see it on the faces of the old. I need wonder to explain what is going to happen to me, what is going to happen to us when this thing is done, when our shift is over and our kids' kids are still on the earth listening to their crazy rap music. I need something mysterious to happen after I die. I need to be somewhere else after I die, somewhere with God, somewhere that wouldn't make any sense if it were explained to me right now. At the end of the day, when I am lying in bed and I know the chances of any of our theology being exactly right are a million to one, I need to know that God has things figured out, that if my math is wrong we are still going to be okay. And wonder is that feeling we get when we let go of our silly answers, our mapped out rules that we want God to follow. I don't think there is any better worship than wonder. ~ Donald Miller,
1310:Education is one of the Grand Christianson Obsessions. They’ve been whole years my mother’s kept us home for intensive private study. As a result of that, Paul will perform the first brain transplant, James will someday build a bridge across the Atlantic Ocean, Charlie – who is an actual musical genius – will probably end up writing the Great American Symphony, and I – I know a little bit about a lot of things.
I can tell you the chemical composition of the stuff your stick in your hair; how long it would take you, at just under the speed of light, to get to Alpha Centauri – and how old your body would be when you finally got there; the middle name of the third president of the United States; the amount of the present budget deficit; the author of the Brothers Karamazov, and how many feet there are in a line of trochaic heptameter. The Little Girl Who Had to Know Why, Paul used to call me. But even my mother couldn’t reconcile me and math. ~ Kristen D Randle,
1311:The primary math of the real world is one and one equals two. The layman (as, often, do I) swings that every day. He goes to the job, does his work, pays his bills and comes home. One plus one equals two. It keeps the world spinning. But artists, musicians, con men, poets, mystics and such are paid to turn that math on its head, to rub two sticks together and bring forth fire. Everybody performs this alchemy somewhere in their life, but it’s hard to hold on to and easy to forget. People don’t come to rock shows to learn something. They come to be reminded of something they already know and feel deep down in their gut. That when the world is at its best, when we are at our best, when life feels fullest, one and one equals three. It’s the essential equation of love, art, rock ’n’ roll and rock ’n’ roll bands. It’s the reason the universe will never be fully comprehensible, love will continue to be ecstatic, confounding, and true rock ’n’ roll will never die. ~ Bruce Springsteen,
1312:The primary math of the real world is one and one equals two. The layman (as, often, do I) swings that every day. He goes to the job, does his work, pays his bills and comes home. One plus one equals two. It keeps the world spinning. But artists, musicians, con men, poets, mystics and such are paid to turn that math on its head, to rub two sticks together and bring forth fire. Everybody performs this alchemy somewhere in their life, but it’s hard to hold on to and easy to forget. People don’t come to rock shows to learn something. They come to be reminded of something they already know and feel deep down in their gut. That's when the world is at its best, when we are at our best, when life feels fullest, one and one equals three. It’s the essential equation of love, art, rock ’n’ roll and rock ’n’ roll bands. It’s the reason the universe will never be fully comprehensible, love will continue to be ecstatic, confounding, and true rock ’n’ roll will never die. ~ Bruce Springsteen,
1313:In one study, elite violinists had separated themselves from all others by each accumulating more than 10,000 hours of practice by age 20. Thus the rule. Many elite performers complete their journey in about ten years, which, if you do the math, is an average of about three hours of deliberate practice a day, every day, 365 days a year. Now, if your ONE Thing relates to work and you put in 250 workdays a year (five days a week for 50 weeks), to keep pace on your mastery journey you’ll need to average four hours a day. Sound familiar? It’s not a random number. That’s the amount of time you need to time block every day for your ONE Thing. More than anything else, expertise tracks with hours invested. Michelangelo once said, “If the people knew how hard I had to work to gain my mastery, it wouldn’t seem wonderful at all.” His point is obvious. Time on a task, over time, eventually beats talent every time. I’d say you can “book that,” but actually you should “block it. ~ Gary Keller,
1314:I occasionally return to some very basic, mathematical thoughts: There are only so many letters in our Roman alphabet. It is then by the power of the math—the infinite (or not strictly infinite, but huge) number of combinations of letters—that we have so many words. But then, further expanding the number of possibilities, truly to infinity, one word (one combination of letters) can have multiple meanings. Further multiplying the number of meanings, even within one given dictionary definition of a word, is the effect of its context, both immediate and larger, which can endow it with, again, an infinite number of subtly differing shades of meaning. Further enriching the single word, within and beyond its contexts, is one’s own personal associations with it, either from one’s reading or from one’s life experiences. And even in one’s own native language, there are a great many words, meanings, and shades of meaning that one simply doesn’t know and may never encounter. ~ John Freeman,
1315:Retirement as a goal or final redemption is flawed for at least three solid reasons: a. It is predicated on the assumption that you dislike what you are doing during the most physically capable years of your life. This is a nonstarter—nothing can justify that sacrifice. b. Most people will never be able to retire and maintain even a hotdogs-for-dinner standard of living. Even one million is chump change in a world where traditional retirement could span 30 years and inflation lowers your purchasing power 2–4% per year. The math doesn’t work.3 The golden years become lower-middle-class life revisited. That’s a bittersweet ending. c. If the math does work, it means that you are one ambitious, hardworking machine. If that’s the case, guess what? One week into retirement, you’ll be so damn bored that you’ll want to stick bicycle spokes in your eyes. You’ll probably opt to look for a new job or start another company. Kinda defeats the purpose of waiting, doesn’t it? ~ Timothy Ferriss,
1316:The Wife Of The Mind
Sharecroppers' child, she was more schooled
In slaughtering pigs and coaxing corn out of
The ground than in the laws of Math, the rules
Of Grammar. Seventeen, she fell in love
With the senior quarterback, and nearly
Married him, but—the wedding just a week
Away—drove her trousseau back to Penney's,
Then drove on past sagging fences, flooding creeks,
And country bars to huge Washington State,
Where, feeling like a hick, she studied French to compensate.
She graduated middle-of-her-class,
Managed a Senior Center while she flailed
Away at an M.A., from the morass
Of which a poet/rock-singer from Yale
Plucked her. He loved her practicality;
She adored his brilliance. Sex was great.
They married in a civil ceremony.
He played around, for which she berated
Herself, telling friends things were "hunky-dory."
Resentment grew... oh, you said "life"? That's another story.
~ Charles Harper Webb,
1317:When you add in the US immigration processes encouraging a “brain drain” of elites from countries like China and India, the vast majority of the “academic success” we see when we think of Asian Americans is only available to wealthy, highly skilled immigrants who already have a high level of education, and their offspring—while only 17 percent of Pacific Islanders, 14 percent of Cambodian Americans, and 13 percent of Laotian and Hmong Americans have four-year college degrees,4 compared to 22 percent of black Americans and 15 percent of Hispanic Americans.5 The stereotype that Asian Americans naturally excel at math and science also discourages Asian American students from pursuing careers in the arts and humanities and keeps those who do pursue those careers from being taken seriously in their fields. A 2009 census report showed that under 15 percent of Asian American degree holders majored in the arts and humanities, less than any other racial or ethnic group in America.6 ~ Ijeoma Oluo,
1318:Jane Russell! My physical therapist had never heard of her. “Gentlemen Prefer Blondes,” I said. “Not in my experience,” she replied. Bina’s younger; perhaps that’s it. All this was earlier today; before I could argue with her, she laced one of my legs over the other, capsized me onto my right side. The pain left me breathless. “Your hamstrings need this,” she assured me. “You bitch,” I gasped. She pressed my knee to the floor. “You’re not paying me to go easy on you.” I winced. “Can I pay you to leave?” Bina visits once a week to help me hate life, as I like to say, and to provide updates on her sexual adventures, which are about as exciting as my own. Only in Bina’s case it’s because she’s picky. “Half the guys on these apps are using five-year-old photos,” she’ll complain, her waterfall of hair poured over one shoulder, “and the other half are married. And the other half are single for a reason.” That’s three halves, but you don’t debate math with someone who’s rotating your spine. ~ A J Finn,
1319:The consequence model, the logical one, the amoral one, the one which refuses any divine intervention, is a problem really for just the (hypothetical) logician. You see, towards God I would rather be grateful for Heaven (which I do not deserve) than angry about Hell (which I do deserve). By this the logician within must choose either atheism or theism, but he cannot possibly through good reason choose anti-theism. For his friend in this case is not at all mathematical law: the law in that 'this equation, this path will consequently direct me to a specific point'; over the alternative and the one he denies, 'God will send me wherever and do it strictly for his own sovereign amusement.' The consequence model, the former, seeks the absence of God, which orders he cannot save one from one's inevitable consequences; hence the angry anti-theist within, 'the logical one', the one who wants to be master of his own fate, can only contradict himself - I do not think it wise to be angry at math. ~ Criss Jami,
1320:I really wondered why people were always doing what they didn't like doing. It seemed like life was a sort of narrowing tunnel. Right when you were born, the tunnel was huge. You could be anything. Then, like, the absolute second after you were born, the tunnel narrowed down to about half that size. You were a boy, and already it was certain you wouldn't be a mother and it was likely you wouldn't become a manicurist or a kindergarten teacher. Then you started to grow up and everything you did closed the tunnel in some more. You broke your arm climbing a tree and you ruled out being a baseball pitcher. You failed every math test you ever took and you canceled any hope of being a scientist. Like that. On and on through the years until you were stuck. You'd become a baker or a librarian or a bartender. Or an accountant. And there you were. I figured that on the day you died, the tunnel would be so narrow, you'd have squeezed yourself in with so many choices, that you just got squashed. ~ Carol Rifka Brunt,
1321:Life is more than a job; jobs are more than a paycheck; and a country is more than its wealth. Education is more than the acquisition of marketable skills, and you are more than your ability to contribute to your employer’s bottom line or the nation’s GDP, no matter what the rhetoric of politicians or executives would have you think. To ask what college is for is to ask what life is for, what society is for—what people are for. Do students ever hear this? What they hear is a constant drumbeat, in the public discourse, that seeks to march them in the opposite direction. When policy makers talk about higher education, from the president all the way down, they talk exclusively in terms of math and science. Journalists and pundits—some of whom were humanities majors and none of whom are nurses or engineers—never tire of lecturing the young about the necessity of thinking prudently when choosing a course of study, the naïveté of wanting to learn things just because you’re curious about them. ~ William Deresiewicz,
1322:A healthy night’s sleep can indeed boost learning significantly. Sleep scientists debate how we should define learning, and what exactly is improvement. But there are many examples of the phenomenon. One study stands out in particular. Students were given a series of math problems and prepped with a method to solve them. The students weren’t told there was also an easier “shortcut” way to solve the problems, potentially discoverable while doing the exercise. The question was: Is there any way to jump-start, even speed up, the insight into the shortcut? The answer was yes, if you allow them to sleep on it. If you let 12 hours pass after the initial training and ask the students to do more problems, about 20 percent will have discovered the shortcut. But, if in that 12 hours you also allow eight or so hours of regular sleep, that figure triples to about 60 percent. No matter how many times the experiment is run, the sleep group consistently outperforms the non-sleep group about three to one. Sleep ~ John Medina,
1323:Women, on the other hand, had to wield their intellects like a scythe, hacking away against the stubborn underbrush of low expectations. A woman who worked in the central computing pools was one step removed from the research, and the engineers’ assignments sometimes lacked the context to give the computer much knowledge about the afterlife of the numbers that bedeviled her days. She might spend weeks calculating a pressure distribution without knowing what kind of plane was being tested or whether the analysis that depended on her math had resulted in significant conclusions. The work of most of the women, like that of the Friden, Marchant, or Monroe computing machines they used, was anonymous. Even a woman who had worked closely with an engineer on the content of a research report was rarely rewarded by seeing her name alongside his on the final publication. Why would the computers have the same desire for recognition that they did? many engineers figured. They were women, after all. As ~ Margot Lee Shetterly,
1324:Public schools were not only created in the interests of industrialism—they were created in the image of industrialism. In many ways, they reflect the factory culture they were designed to support. This is especially true in high schools, where school systems base education on the principles of the assembly line and the efficient division of labor. Schools divide the curriculum into specialist segments: some teachers install math in the students, and others install history. They arrange the day into standard units of time, marked out by the ringing of bells, much like a factory announcing the beginning of the workday and the end of breaks. Students are educated in batches, according to age, as if the most important thing they have in common is their date of manufacture. They are given standardized tests at set points and compared with each other before being sent out onto the market. I realize this isn’t an exact analogy and that it ignores many of the subtleties of the system, but it is close enough. ~ Ken Robinson,
1325:I do feel that literature should be demystified. What I object to is what is happening in our era: literature is only something you get at school as an assignment. No one reads for fun, or to be subversive or to get turned on to something. It's just like doing math at school. I mean, how often do we sit down and do trigonometry for fun, to relax. I've thought about this, the domination of the literary arts by theory over the past 25 years -- which I detest -- and it's as if you have to be a critic to mediate between the author and the reader and that's utter crap. Literature can be great in all ways, but it's just entertainment like rock'n'roll or a film. It is entertainment. If it doesn't capture you on that level, as entertainment, movement of plot, then it doesn't work. Nothing else will come out of it. The beauty of the language, the characterisation, the structure, all that's irrelevant if you're not getting the reader on that level -- moving a story. If that's friendly to readers, I cop to it. ~ T Coraghessan Boyle,
1326:The math is revealing. The typical American with a $50,000 annual income would normally have an $850 house payment and a $495 car payment, with an additional $180 payment on the second car. Then there is a $165 student-loan payment; and the average credit-card debt is about $12,000, making those monthly payments around $185 per month. Also, this typical household will have other miscellaneous debt on things like furniture, stereos, or personal loans on which they pay an additional $120. All these payments total $1,995 per month. If this family were to invest that instead of sending it to the creditors, they would be cash mutual-fund millionaires in just fifteen years! (After fifteen years, it gets really exciting. They’ll have $2 million in five more years, $3 million in three more years, $4 million in two and a half more years, and $5.5 million in two more years. So they will have $5.5 million after twenty-eight years.) Keep in mind, this is with an average income, which means many of you make more than this! ~ Dave Ramsey,
1327:This morning I was listening to Portishead, flawless math transformed by machines into looping, scratchy melodies, and I started thinking about how when machines have souls and can love they will do it so very precisely. Their affection will be accurate to the nanometer, rendering broken hearts a thing of the past, a relic, a curiosity from an unthinkably primitive time. The machines will regard heartbreak with the same mixture of perplexity and disbelief with which we regard the iron maiden. If they need couples counselors, which they will not, those counselors will be as perfect as Adam before the Fall, and every robot couple will walk out after the first session cured forevermore, and will smile again at every word their robot partner says, and find each of their robot partner’s idiosyncrasies endearing rather than maddening, and they will be as entranced by one another’s robot bodies as when they first met, as though together they’ve just invented sex. Which, in a way, they will have. I hope I live long enough to see it. ~ Ron Currie Jr,
1328:It was now 1952, so some of the claims had been held by a string of disconnected, unrecorded persons for four centuries. Most before the Civil War. Others squatted on the land more recently, especially after the World Wars, when men came back broke and broke-up. The marsh did not confine them but defined them and, like any sacred ground, kept their secrets deep. No one cared that they held the land because nobody else wanted it. After all, it was wasteland bog. Just like their whiskey, the marsh dwellers bootlegged their own laws—not like those burned onto stone tablets or inscribed on documents, but deeper ones, stamped in their genes. Ancient and natural, like those hatched from hawks and doves. When cornered, desperate, or isolated, man reverts to those instincts that aim straight at survival. Quick and just. They will always be the trump cards because they are passed on more frequently from one generation to the next than the gentler genes. It is not a morality, but simple math. Among themselves, doves fight as often as hawks. ~ Delia Owens,
1329:Olo, Remi, Kwuga, Nur, Anajama, Rhoden. Only Olo and Remi were in my group. Everyone else I met in the dining area or the learning room where various lectures were held by professors onboard the ship. They were all girls who grew up in sprawling houses, who’d never walked through the desert, who’d never stepped on a snake in the dry grass. They were girls who could not stand the rays of Earth’s sun unless it was shining through a tinted window.

Yet they were girls who knew what I meant when I spoke of “treeing.” We sat in my room (because, having so few travel items, mine was the emptiest) and challenged each other to look out at the stars and imagine the most complex equation and then split it in half and then in half again and again. When you do math fractals long enough, you kick yourself into treeing just enough to get lost in the shallows of the mathematical sea. None of us would have made it into the university if we couldn’t tree, but it’s not easy. We were the best and we pushed each other to get closer to “God. ~ Nnedi Okorafor,
1330:The core physics relies on a process known as quantum tunneling. Imagine a particle, an electron for instance, encountering a solid barrier, say a slab of steel ten feet think, that classical physics predicts it can't penetrate. A hallmark of quantum mechanics is that the rigid classical notion of "can't penetrate" often translates into the softer quantum declaration of "has a small but nonzero probability of penetrating." The reason is that the quantum jitters of a particle allow it, every so often, to suddenly materialize on the other side of an otherwise impervious barrier. The moment at which such quantum tunneling happens is random; the best we can do is predict the likelihood that it will take place during one interval or another. But the math says that if you wait long enough, penetration through just about any barrier will happen. And it does happen. If it didn't, the sun wouldn't shine: for hydrogen nuclei to get close enough to fuse, they must tunnel through the barrier created by the electromagnetic repulsion of their protons. ~ Brian Greene,
1331:Students who are beginning to struggle in math and science often look at others who are intellectual racehorses and tell themselves they have to keep up. Then they don’t give themselves the extra time they need to truly master the material, and they fall still further behind. As a result of this uncomfortable and discouraging situation, students end up unnecessarily dropping out of math and science. Take a step back and look dispassionately at your strengths and weaknesses. If you need more time to learn math and science, that’s simply the reality. If you’re in high school, try to arrange your schedule to give yourself the time you need to focus on the more difficult materials, and limit these materials to manageable proportions. If you’re in college, try to avoid a full load of heavy courses, especially if you are working on the side. A lighter load of math and science courses can, for many, be the equivalent of a heavy load of other types of courses. Especially in the early stages of college, avoid the temptation to keep up with your peers. ~ Barbara Oakley,
1332:IN THE SCHOOLS Memorizing multiplication tables may be a seminal school experience, among the few that kids today share with their grandparents. But a Stanford University professor says rapid-fire math drills are also the reason so many children fear and despise the subject. Moreover, the traditional approach to math instruction — memorization, timed testing and the pressure to speedily arrive at answers — may actually damage advanced-level skills by undermining the development of a deeper understanding about the ways numbers work. “There is a common and damaging misconception in mathematics — the idea that strong math students are fast math students,” says Jo Boaler, who teaches math education at the California university and has authored a new paper, “Fluency Without Fear.” In fact, many mathematicians are not speedy calculators, Boaler says. Laurent Schwartz, the French mathematician whose work is considered key to the theory of partial differential equations, wrote that as a student he often felt stupid because he was among the slowest math-thinkers in class. ~ Anonymous,
1333:String theory is potentially the next and final step in this progression. In a single framework, it handles the domains claimed by relativity and the quantum. Moreover, and this is worth sitting up straight to hear, string theory does so in a manner that fully embraces all the discoveries that preceded it. A theory based on vibrating filaments might not seem to have much in common with general relativity's curved spacetime picture of gravity. Nevertheless, apply string theory's mathematics to a situation where gravity matters but quantum mechanics doesn't (to a massive object, like the sun, whose size is large) and out pop Einstein's equations. Vibrating filaments and point particles are also quite different. But apply string theory's mathematics to a situation where quantum mechanics matters but gravity doesn't (to small collections of strings that are not vibrating quickly, moving fast, or stretched long; they have low energy-equivalently, low mass- so gravity plays virtually no role) and the math of string theory morphs into the math of quantum field theory. ~ Brian Greene,
1334:You know, Piggly Wiggly never could hang on to a night stock manager. Your math skills would be a plus, maybe even your Spanish, and you don't mind staying up late."

"Piggly Wiggly, wow. I hadn't thought about that. I'll swing by, pick up an application tomorrow. But if it doesn't pan out maybe ... Never mind, it's a crazy idea."

"No, tell me. I want to hear it."

"Well, just as a backup plan, I did hear that Sony has an opening. They're, um, they're looking for a rock star. The hours suck, but it's no worse than night stock manager at Pigs. I bet it pays better too."

Isabel stopped in her tracks, playfully slapping his arm. "Aidan, that's genius! That's what you should do! I've heard you sing, you can carry a decent tune." She looked him up and down. "With a little work, you can probably pull off the image."

He tugged on her arms until she was in his. "Only if you're sure. Only if it's what we want."

"Aidan, it's who you are. I've known it since the day we brought that first guitar here. I'd never want to take that away. ~ Laura Spinella,
1335:The 2D:4D ratio is so variable, and the sex difference so small, that you can’t determine someone’s sex by knowing it. But it does tell you something about the extent of fetal testosterone exposure. So what does the extent of exposure (as assessed by the ratio) predict about adult behavior? Men with more “masculine” 2D:4D ratios tend toward higher levels of aggression and math scores; more assertive personalities; higher rates of ADHD and autism (diseases with strong male biases); and decreased risk of depression and anxiety (disorders with a female skew). The faces and handwriting of such men are judged to be more “masculine.” Furthermore, some reports show a decreased likelihood of being gay. Women having a more “feminine” ratio have less chance of autism and more of anorexia (a female-biased disease). They’re less likely to be left-handed (a male-skewed trait). Moreover, they exhibit less athletic ability and more attraction to highly masculine faces. And they’re more likely to be straight or, if lesbian, more likely to take stereotypical female sexual roles.72 ~ Robert M Sapolsky,
1336:Of course, reading novels was just another form of escape. As soon as he closed their pages he had to come back to the real world. But at some point Tengo noticed that returning to reality from the world of a novel was not as devastating a blow as returning from the world of mathematics. Why should that have been? After much deep thought, he reached a conclusion. No matter how clear the relationships of things might become in the forest of story, there was never a clear-cut solution. That was how it differed from math. The role of a story was, in the broadest terms, to transpose a single problem into another form. Depending on the nature and direction of the problem, a solution could be suggested in the narrative. Tengo would return to the real world with that suggestion in hand. It was like a piece of paper bearing the indecipherable text of a magic spell. At times it lacked coherence and served no immediate practical purpose. But it would contain a possibility. Someday he might be able to decipher the spell. That possibility would gently warm his heart from within. ~ Haruki Murakami,
1337:The Goober was beautiful when he ran. His long arms and legs moved flowingly and flawlessly, his body floating as if his feet weren’t touching the ground. When he ran, he forgot about his acne and his awkwardness and the shyness that paralyzed him when a girl looked his way. Even his thoughts became sharper, and things were simple and uncomplicated—he could solve math problems when he ran or memorize football play patterns. Often he rose early in the morning, before anyone else, and poured himself liquid through the sunrise streets, and everything seemed beautiful, everything in its proper orbit, nothing impossible, the entire world attainable.
When he ran, he even loved the pain, the hurt of the running, the burning in his lungs and the spasms that sometimes gripped his calves. He loved it because he knew he could endure the pain, and even go beyond it. He had never pushed himself to the limit but he felt all this reserve strength inside of him: more than strength actually—determination. And it sang in him as he ran, his heart pumping blood joyfully through his body. ~ Robert Cormier,
1338:It is noted that from 1967 to 1995 essays on negative emotions far outnumbered those on positive emotions in the psychological literature. The ratio was 21:1. Even those supreme perpetrators of pop nihilism, The New York Times and The Washington Post, have a better ratio than psychological literature. They average 12 negative stories to every one that might be construed to be non-negative. Many of their non-negative stories, however, cover success in sports and entertainment.

I demand that the purveyors of despair who pretend to be dispassionate observes of the human condition go ahead and disclose that the 10 most beautiful words in the English languages are chimes, dawn, golden, hush, lullaby, luminous, melody, mist, murmuring, and tranquil; that Java sparrows prefer the music of Back over that of Schoenberg; that math experts have determined there are 1/96 trillion ways to lace up your shoes; that the Inuit term for making love is translated as ‘laughing together in bed;' and that according to Buckminster Fuller, “pollution is nothing but resources we’re not harvesting. ~ Rob Brezsny,
1339:All time is all time. It does not change. It does not lend itself to warnings or explanations. It simply is. Take it moment by moment, and you will find that we are all, as I've said before, bugs in amber.
Just because some of us can read and write and do a little math, that doesn't mean we deserve to conquer the Universe.
Everything was beautiful and nothing hurt.
Any reviewer who expresses rage and loathing for a novel is preposterous. He or she is like a person who has put on full armor and attacked a hot fudge sundae.
Here is a lesson in creative writing. First rule: Do not use semicolons. They are transvestite hermaphrodites representing absolutely nothing. All they do is show you've been to college.
Maturity is a bitter disappointment for which no remedy exists, unless laughter could be said to remedy anything.
Life happens too fast for you ever to think about it. If you could just persuade people of this, but they insist on amassing information.
Our awareness is all that is alive and maybe sacred in any of us. Everything else about us is dead machinery. ~ Kurt Vonnegut,
1340:There are two moments in the course of education where a lot of kids fall off the math train. The first comes in the elementary grades, when fractions are introduced. Until that moment, a number is a natural number, one of the figures 0, 1, 2, 3 . . . It is the answer to a question of the form “how many.”* To go from this notion, so primitive that many animals are said to understand it, to the radically broader idea that a number can mean “what portion of,” is a drastic philosophical shift. (“God made the natural numbers,” the nineteenth-century algebraist Leopold Kronecker famously said, “and all the rest is the work of man.”) The second dangerous twist in the track is algebra. Why is it so hard? Because, until algebra shows up, you’re doing numerical computations in a straightforwardly algorithmic way. You dump some numbers into the addition box, or the multiplication box, or even, in traditionally minded schools, the long-division box, you turn the crank, and you report what comes out the other side. Algebra is different. It’s computation backward. When you’re asked to solve ~ Jordan Ellenberg,
1341:You are teaching your living, breathing, made-in-the-Image-of-God students. The resources are there to help you do that. It's that simple, we just forget when we get all wrapped up in "getting through" all the math lessons before the end of May, or finishing every science experiment in the book before we call it good and move on. It doesn't really matter how far in the book we get. What matters is what happens in the mind and heart of our student, and for that matter- in ourselves. You know this. I know this. But we've got to start living it. We are all spinning our wheels because we're frantically trying to "get through" published curriculum as if turning the last page in the book by the beginning of summer vacation will somehow mean that our children learned something. Truth is, they do learn something from that. But it's not at all the message we want them to internalize. We are teaching people, not books. We need to understand the limitations of curriculum. We need to stop trying to make it something that it's not, expecting it to yield what it was never intended to deliver. ~ Sarah Mackenzie,
1342:I. Those of us born by water are never afraid enough of drowning. Bruises used to trophy my knees from my death-defying tree climb jumps. Growing up, my backyard was a forest of blackberry bushes. I learned early nothing sweet will come to you unthorned.

II. At twelve your body becomes a currency. So Jenny and I sat down and cut up all our clothes into nothing. That year I failed math class but knew the exact number of calories in a carrot stick. I learned early being desired goes hand in hand with hunger.

III. The last time I tried to scream I felt my father climbing up through my throat and into my mouth.

IV. There is a certain kind of girl who reads Lolita at fourteen and finds religion. I painted my eyes black and sucked barroom cherries to red my tongue. There was a boy who promised Judas really did love Jesus. I learned early every kiss and betrayal are up for interpretation.

V. I think he must have conferenced with my nightmares on exactly how to hurt me.

VI. He never broke my heart. He only turned it into a compass that always points me back to him. ~ Clementine von Radics,
1343:There are several different frameworks one could use to get a handle on the indeterminate vs. determinate question. The math version is calculus vs. statistics. In a determinate world, calculus dominates. You can calculate specific things precisely and deterministically. When you send a rocket to the moon, you have to calculate precisely where it is at all times. It’s not like some iterative startup where you launch the rocket and figure things out step by step. Do you make it to the moon? To Jupiter? Do you just get lost in space? There were lots of companies in the ’90s that had launch parties but no landing parties. “But the indeterminate future is somehow one in which probability and statistics are the dominant modality for making sense of the world. Bell curves and random walks define what the future is going to look like. The standard pedagogical argument is that high schools should get rid of calculus and replace it with statistics, which is really important and actually useful. There has been a powerful shift toward the idea that statistical ways of thinking are going to drive the future.” —PETER THIEL ~ Ben Horowitz,
1344:Van Gogh's view of the world becomes a lamp that reveals corners of my heart that I didn't know were there- and all of this happens immediately, even though he died 88 years before I was born.
So ask yourself this:

Is The Starry Night infallible?
The questions doesn't make sense. Though grammatically sound, it is a query with no meaning. I could just as easily ask "How much does a sunset weigh?" The beauty of The Starry Night isn't in it being fallible or infallible. It's a window into another person's soul.
Let's try another question:

Is The Starry Night true?
If we're talking logic or math, this question is as nonsensical as the first. But if we ask with the perspective of an artist or philosopher, we might find that, yes, The Starry Night is very true- it tells us truths about the human experience. It's a testament to how grief feels and the numinous quality we often experience when we peer deeply into the night sky...

It is somehow more true than facts- it resonates in some deeper chamber of the human heart.
So let me ask you two more questions:

Is the Bible infallible? Is it true? ~ Mike McHargue,
1345:PageRank, the algorithm that gave rise to Google, is itself a Markov chain. Larry Page’s idea was that web pages with many incoming links are probably more important than pages with few, and links from important pages should themselves count for more. This sets up an infinite regress, but we can handle it with a Markov chain. Imagine a web surfer going from page to page by randomly following links: the states of this Markov chain are web pages instead of characters, making it a vastly larger problem, but the math is the same. A page’s score is then the fraction of the time the surfer spends on it, or equivalently, his probability of landing on the page after wandering around for a long time. Markov chains turn up everywhere and are one of the most intensively studied topics in mathematics, but they’re still a very limited kind of probabilistic model. We can go one step further with a model like this: The states form a Markov chain, as before, but we don’t get to see them; we have to infer them from the observations. This is called a hidden Markov model, or HMM for short. (Slightly misleading, because it’s the states that are hidden, not the model.) ~ Pedro Domingos,
1346:If anyone had ever asked me to defend my work, here’s what I would have said: The more complex a behavior is, the more rigorous and complicated the science behind it. Math, chemistry, that’s the easy stuff—closed models with discrete answers. To understand behavior—human or elephant—the systems are far more complex, which is why the science behind them must be that much more intricate. But no one ever asked. I’m pretty sure my boss, Grant, thought this was a phase I was going through, and that sooner or later, I’d get back to science, instead of elephant cognition. I had seen elephants die before, but this was the first time since I’d changed my research focus. I wanted every last detail to be noted. I wanted to make sure I didn’t overlook anything as too mundane; any action that I might learn later was critical to the way elephants mourn. To that end, I stayed there, sacrificing sleep. I marked down which elephants came to visit, identifying them by their tusks, their tail hair, the marks on their bodies, and sometimes even the veins on their ears, which had patterns as unique as our own thumbprints. I cataloged how much time they spent touching Mmaabo, ~ Jodi Picoult,
1347:In the face of this difficulty [of defining "computer science"] many people, including myself at times, feel that we should ignore the discussion and get on with doing it. But as George Forsythe points out so well in a recent article*, it does matter what people in Washington D.C. think computer science is. According to him, they tend to feel that it is a part of applied mathematics and therefore turn to the mathematicians for advice in the granting of funds. And it is not greatly different elsewhere; in both industry and the universities you can often still see traces of where computing first started, whether in electrical engineering, physics, mathematics, or even business. Evidently the picture which people have of a subject can significantly affect its subsequent development. Therefore, although we cannot hope to settle the question definitively, we need frequently to examine and to air our views on what our subject is and should become. ~ Richard Hamming, 1968 Turing Award lecture, Journal of the ACM 16 (1), January 1969, p. 4. In this quote Hamming refers to George Forsythe, "What to do until the computer scientist comes", Am. Math. Monthly 75 (5), May 1968, p. 454-461.,
1348:Why is such a wonderful school not the norm? Shouldn’t SVS already have been copied in a million different places? The answer isn’t so simple—or maybe it is. The idea of total freedom for children is very threatening to most people. The kinds of objections that are raised are these: “But there are some basics—how do you ensure that each child learns them?” We at Sudbury Valley are not so certain that there are any basics, but we are certain that our students are in an environment that is real, that is totally linked to the larger community, and that if there are things everyone should learn, the kids in the school surely know it as well as the adults, and it is up to them to ensure that they learn it. Often, people are angry when they learn that most students can learn all of basic math in just 20 hours of classroom work. They feel cheated because they spent years and years of doing repetitive mathematics either because they hated it and weren’t interested and were bad at it or because they learned it fast but were told they had to redrill, redrill and redrill some more or they would forget everything. Now I ask you, would you really forget it if it were truly basic? But ~ Russell L Ackoff,
1349:WE ALL DO IT, YOU know. Distract ourselves from noticing how time’s passing. We throw ourselves into our jobs. We focus on keeping the blight off our tomato plants. We fill up our gas tanks and top off our Metro cards and do the grocery shopping so that the weeks look the same on the surface. And then one day, you turn around, and your baby is a man. One day, you look in the mirror, and see gray hair. One day, you realize there is less of your life left than what you’ve already lived. And you think, How did this happen so fast? It was only yesterday when I was having my first legal drink, when I was diapering him, when I was young. When this realization hits, you start doing the math. How much time do I have left? How much can I fit into that small space? Some of us let this realization guide us, I guess. We book trips to Tibet, we learn how to sculpt, we skydive. We try to pretend it’s not almost over. But some of us just fill up our gas tanks and top off our Metro cards and do the grocery shopping, because if you only see the path that’s right ahead of you, you don’t obsess over when the cliff might drop off. Some of us never learn. And some of us learn earlier than others. ~ Jodi Picoult,
1350:WE ALL DO IT, YOU know. Distract ourselves from noticing how time’s passing. We throw ourselves into our jobs. We focus on keeping the blight off our tomato plants. We fill up our gas tanks and top off our Metro cards and do the grocery shopping so that the weeks look the same on the surface. And then one day, you turn around, and your baby is a man. One day, you look in the mirror, and see gray hair. One day, you realize there is less of your life left than what you’ve already lived. And you think, How did this happen so fast? It was only yesterday when I was having my first legal drink, when I was diapering him, when I was young. When this realization hits, you start doing the math. How much time do I have left? How much can I fit into that small space? Some of us let this realization guide us, I guess. We book trips to Tibet, we learn how to sculpt, we skydive. We try to pretend it’s not almost over. But some of us just fill up our gas tanks and top off our Metro cards and do the grocery shopping, because if you only see the path that’s right ahead of you, you don’t obsess over when the cliff might drop off. Some of us never learn. And some of us learn earlier than others. — ~ Jodi Picoult,
1351:Whenever you hear a snotty (and frustrated) European middlebrow presenting his stereotypes about Americans, he will often describe them as “uncultured,” “unintellectual,” and “poor in math” because, unlike his peers, Americans are not into equation drills and the constructions middlebrows call “high culture”—like knowledge of Goethe’s inspirational (and central) trip to Italy, or familiarity with the Delft school of painting. Yet the person making these statements is likely to be addicted to his iPod, wear blue jeans, and use Microsoft Word to jot down his “cultural” statements on his PC, with some Google searches here and there interrupting his composition. Well, it so happens that America is currently far, far more creative than these nations of museumgoers and equation solvers. It is also far more tolerant of bottom-up tinkering and undirected trial and error. And globalization has allowed the United States to specialize in the creative aspect of things, the production of concepts and ideas, that is, the scalable part of the products, and, increasingly, by exporting jobs, separate the less scalable components and assign them to those happy to be paid by the hour. There ~ Nassim Nicholas Taleb,
1352:Arthur bought the Apple anyway. Over a few days he also acquired some astronomical software, plotted the movements of stars, drew rough little diagrams of how he seemed to remember the stars to have been in the sky when he looked up out of his cave at night, and worked away busily at it for weeks, cheerfully putting off the conclusion he knew he would inevitably have to come to, which was that the whole project was completely ludicrous. Rough drawings from memory were futile. He didn’t even know how long ago it had been, beyond Ford Prefect’s rough guess at the time that it was “a couple of million years” and he simply didn’t have the math. Still, in the end he worked out a method which would at least produce a result. He decided not to mind the fact that with the extraordinary jumble of rules of thumb, wild approximations, and arcane guesswork he was using he would be lucky to hit the right galaxy; he just went ahead and got a result. He would call it the right result. Who would know? As it happened, through the myriad and unfathomable chances of fate, he got it exactly right, though he of course would never know that. He just went up to London and knocked on the appropriate door. ~ Douglas Adams,
1353:I mean, seriously, dude,” he said, “I allow flexible hours, but this eleven thirty shit has to stop. It makes me look bad to my boss when he sees you rolling in so late.” “I’m sorry,” I said. I didn’t know how to explain that I had willfully and radically rearranged my priorities and, as a consequence, no longer gave a damn about work. Sure, I was willing to maintain my Business-Man persona, but only in ways that suited me as a family man. “I’ll try to work it out so I get in sooner.” “Don’t try, idiot. Do. Ten o’clock. That’s the latest I want you coming in.” “Ten o’clock . . .” I shook my head and let out a long, contemplative sigh. I did the math, working backward from ten o’clock: Leave the house by nine. Kids over to Mary’s at eight thirty, which gives me only thirty minutes to eat, shower, and get dressed. That won’t work. The alternative is waking up earlier, like around six. No fucking way. “I don’t know if that’s going to work.” He laughed. “Ten o’clock. Make it happen.” I knew I couldn’t give him a plausible explanation for my eleven thirty start time. No one in the chain of command above me at work would care about my Best Practices. So, in the end, I lied. “Ten o’clock it is. ~ David Finch,
1354:> In the 21st century, intellectual capital is what will matter in the job market and will help a country grow its economy. Investments in biosciences, computers and electronics, engineering, and other growing high-tech industries have been the major differentiator in recent decades. More careers than ever now require technical skills so in order to be competitive in those fields, a nation must invest in STEM studies. Economic growth has slowed and unemployment rates have spiked, making employers much pickier about qualifications to hire. There is now an overabundance of liberal arts majors. A study from Georgetown University lists the five college majors with the highest unemployment rates (crossed against popularity): clinical psychology, 19.5 percent; miscellaneous fine arts, 16.2 percent; U.S. history, 15.1 percent; library science, 15 percent; and (tied for No. 5) military technologies and educational psychology, 10.9 percent each. Unemployment rates for STEM subjects hovered around 0 to 3 percent: astrophysics/astronomy, around 0 percent; geological and geophysics engineering, 0 percent; physical science, 2.5 percent; geosciences, 3.2 percent; and math/computer science, 3.5 percent.  ~ Philip G Zimbardo,
1355:If you didn’t find some way of stopping it, people would go on asking questions.
The teachers were useful there. Bands of them wandered through the mountains, along with the tinkers, portable blacksmiths, miracle medicine men, cloth peddlers, fortune-tellers, and all the other travelers who sold things the people didn’t need every day but occasionally found useful.
They went from village to village delivering short lessons on many subjects. They kept apart from the other travelers and were quite mysterious in their ragged robes and strange square hats. They used long words, like corrugated iron. They lived rough lives, surviving on what food they could earn from giving lessons to anyone who would listen. When no one would listen, they lived on baked hedgehog. They went to sleep under the stars, which the math teachers would count, the astronomy teachers would measure, and the literature teachers would name. The geography teachers got lost in the woodsand fell into bear traps.
People were usually quite pleased to see them. They taught children enough to shut them up, which was the main thing, after all. But they always had to be driven out of the villages by nightfall in case they stole chickens. ~ Terry Pratchett,
1356:The evidence suggested that many American parents treated their children as if they were delicate flowers. In one Columbia University study, 85 percent of American parents surveyed said that they thought they needed to praise their children’s intelligence in order to assure them they were smart. However, the actual research on praise suggested the opposite was true. Praise that was vague, insincere, or excessive tended to discourage kids from working hard and trying new things. It had a toxic effect, the opposite of what parents intended. To work, praise had to be specific, authentic, and rare. Yet the same culture of self-esteem boosting extended to many U.S. classrooms. In the survey of exchange students conducted for this book, about half of U.S. and international students said that American math teachers were more likely to praise their work than math teachers abroad. (Fewer than 10 percent said that their international teachers were more likely to praise.) That finding was particularly ironic, given that American students scored below average for the developed world in math. It also suggested that whatever the intent of American teachers, their praise was probably not always specific, authentic, and rare. ~ Anonymous,
1357:Suddenly William loomed over him, scowling, snarling and bloody, his suit dirt-stained and ripped. “Do you know. How many strands. Of hair I lost. On my way down?”
Whatever. “Math was never my thing, but I’m gonna say you lost…a lot.”
Electric-blues glittered with menace. “You are a cruel, sadistic bastard. My hair needs TLC and you…you… Damn you! I’ve gutted men for less.”
“I know. I’ve watched you.” Paris lumbered to his feet and scanned the rocky bank they stood upon, the crimson ocean lapping and bubbling in every direction. The drawbridge was only a fifty-yard dash away. “Don’t kill the messenger, but I’m thinking you should change your dating profile to balding.”
Masculine cheeks went scarlet as the big bad warrior struggled for a comeback.

“One of these days you’re going to wake up,” William finally said, “and I will have shaved you. Everywhere.”
“Won’t make a difference. Women will still want me. But you know what else? What I did to you wasn’t cruel, Willy.” He offered the warrior a white-flag grin. A trick. A lie. “This, however, is.”
He grabbed William by the wrist, swung the man around and around before at last releasing him and hurling his body directly onto the bridge. ~ Gena Showalter,
1358:The math is revealing. The typical American with a $50,000 annual income would normally have an $850 house payment and a $495 car payment, with an additional $180 payment on the second car. Then there is a $165 student-loan payment; and the average credit-card debt is about $12,000, making those monthly payments around $185 per month. Also, this typical household will have other miscellaneous debt on things like furniture, stereos, or personal loans on which they pay an additional $120. All these payments total $1,995 per month. If this family were to invest that instead of sending it to the creditors, they would be cash mutual-fund millionaires in just fifteen years! (After fifteen years, it gets really exciting. They’ll have $2 million in five more years, $3 million in three more years, $4 million in two and a half more years, and $5.5 million in two more years. So they will have $5.5 million after twenty-eight years.) Keep in mind, this is with an average income, which means many of you make more than this! If you are thinking that you don’t have that many payments so your math won’t work, you missed the point. If you make $50,000 and have fewer payments, you have a head start, since you already have more control of your income than most people. ~ Dave Ramsey,
1359:I suddenly remember being about seven, riding beside him in the car, and asking him how grown-ups found their way to places. After all, I had never seen him pull out a map.

"I guess we just get used to taking the same turns," he said, but I wasn't satisfied.

"Then what about the first time you go somewhere?"

"Well," he said, "we get directions."

But what I want to know is who got them the very first time? What if no one's ever been where you're going? "Dad?" I ask, "is it true that you can use stars like a map?"

"Yeah, if you understand celestial navigation."

"Is it hard?" I'm thinking maybe I should learn. A backup plan, for all those times I feel like I'm just wandering in circles.

"It's pretty jazzy math—you have to measure the altitude of a star, figure out its position using a nautical almanac, figure out what you think the altitude should be and what direction the star should be in based on where you think you are, and compare the altitude you measured with the one you calculated. Then you plot this on a chart, as a line of position. You get several lines of position to cross, and that's where you go." My father takes one look at my face and smiles. "Exactly," he laughs. "Never leave home without your GPS. ~ Jodi Picoult,
1360:My name is Hazel. Augustus Waters was the great star-crossed love of my life. Ours was an epic love story, and I won’t be able to get more than a sentence into it without disappearing into a puddle of tears. Gus knew. Gus knows. I will not tell you our love story, because—like all real love stories—it will die with us, as it should. I’d hoped that he’d be eulogizing me, because there’s no one I’d rather have…” I started crying. “Okay, how not to cry. How am I—okay. Okay.” I took a few breaths and went back to the page. “I can’t talk about our love story, so I will talk about math. I am not a mathematician, but I know this: There are infinite numbers between 0 and 1. There’s .1 and .12 and .112 and an infinite collection of others. Of course, there is a bigger infinite set of numbers between 0 and 2, or between 0 and a million. Some infinities are bigger than other infinities. A writer we used to like taught us that. There are days, many of them, when I resent the size of my unbounded set. I want more numbers than I’m likely to get, and God, I want more numbers for Augustus Waters than he got. But, Gus, my love, I cannot tell you how thankful I am for our little infinity. I wouldn’t trade it for the world. You gave me a forever within the numbered days, and I’m grateful. ~ John Green,
1361:My name is Hazel. Augustus Waters was the great sat-crossed love of my life. Ours was an epic love story, and I won't be able to get more than a sentence into it without disappearing into a puddle of tears. Gus knew. Gus knows. I will not tell you our love story, because-like all real love stories-it will die with us, as it should. I'd hoped that he'd be eulogizing me, because there's no one I'd rather have..." I started crying. "Okay, how not to cry. How am I-okay. Okay."

I took a few deep breaths and went back to the page. "I can't talk about our love story, so I will talk about math. I am not a mathematician, but I know this: There are infinite numbers between 0 and 1. There's .1 and .12 and .112 and infinite collection of others. Of course, there is a Bigger infinite set of numbers between 0 and 2, or between 0 and a million. Some infinities are bigger than other infinities. A writer we used to like taught us that. There are days, many of them, when I resent the size of my unbounded set. I want more numbers than I'm likely to get, and God, I want more numbers for Augustus Waters than he got. But, Gus, my love, I cannot tell you how thankful I am for our little infinity. I wouldn't trade it for the world. You gave me a forever within the numbered days, and I'm grateful. ~ John Green,
1362:My name is Hazel. Augustus Waters was the great star-crossed love of my life. Ours was an epic love story, and I won't be able to get more than a sentence into it without disappearing into a puddle of tears. Gus knew. Gus knows. I will not tell you our love story, because-like all real love stories-it will die with us, as it should. I'd hoped that he'd be eulogizing me, because there's no one I'd rather have..." I started crying. "Okay, how not to cry. How am I-okay. Okay."

I took a few deep breaths and went back to the page. "I can't talk about our love story, so I will talk about math. I am not a mathematician, but I know this: There are infinite numbers between 0 and 1. There's .1 and .12 and .112 and infinite collection of others. Of course, there is a Bigger infinite set of numbers between 0 and 2, or between 0 and a million. Some infinities are bigger than other infinities. A writer we used to like taught us that. There are days, many of them, when I resent the size of my unbounded set. I want more numbers than I'm likely to get, and God, I want more numbers for Augustus Waters than he got. But, Gus, my love, I cannot tell you how thankful I am for our little infinity. I wouldn't trade it for the world. You gave me a forever within the numbered days, and I'm grateful. ~ John Green,
1363:I was quite surprised when Emily told me you were wearing trousers when you arrived,” the old woman says. She’s cutting into her ham, her hands delicately gripping the silverware. “How terribly embarrassing.”
Wow. Rude, much? Why does she have to talk to me at all? Let’s just shovel a bunch of breakfast in our mouths and get out of here. I need to leave now.
But she’s staring at me, waiting for a response. She’s sitting back in her chair, carefully bringing tiny bites of food to her mouth without leaning forward the slightest bit.
Well, I might as well stick with my story. “Yes, um, my nicer things were lost. I had no other choice.”
The lady takes a bite of food, and for one blissful second I think she’s going to leave me alone. But alas, I am not that lucky. “I trust your father has seen to it that your studies are not neglected?”
Another tiny bite. This lady eats like a bird. In comparison, I feel like a caveman with a drumstick.
I nod my head, trying to think of something safe to say. “Yes, of course. I’m particularly talented in science and math.”
Her mouth curls up in disdain. “Such…masculine topics! Has he not taught you the arts? French? Music?”
Masculine? God, who does this lady think she is? She’s lucky I have to be nice to her. ~ Mandy Hubbard,
1364:I was talking to a homeless man at a laundromat recently, and he said when we reduce Christian spirituality to math, we defile the holy. I thought that was very beautiful and comforting. Because I have never been good at math. Many of our attempts to understand christian faith have only cheapened it. I can no more understand the totality of God than a pancake I made for breakfast understands the complexity of me. The little we do understand, that grain of sand our minds are capable of grasping, those ideas, such as “God is good”, “God feels”, “God knows all”, are enough to keep our hearts dwelling on his majesty and otherness forever.

This past summer I made the point to catch sunsets...fire in the clouds. I never really wanted to make the trip...but once I got up there, I always loved it...all that beauty happens right above the heads of more than a million people who never notice it. Here is what I’ve started thinking. All the wonder of God happens right above our arithmetic and formula. The more I climb outside my pat answers, the more invigorating the view; the more my heart enters into worship.

When we worship God, we worship a being our experience does not give us the tools to understand. If we could, God would not inspire awe.”
—Blue Like Jazz, by Donald Miller ~ Donald Miller,
1365:Nursing an infant, in the first few months, really sucks up the day. I never get over and am always totally taken aback by the amount of time in a day it takes to nurse a baby. When you are all and solely what they eat in the beginning of their lives, which I am in the habit of being for about the first year—Marco a little longer, Leone a little less—it could be, if you were a less driven and energetic person than myself, about the only thing you accomplished in a day. Certainly in a vacation day. But I imagine the total sensory pleasure for the kid—to pass out at the tap, belly full of that rich, sweet good stuff, and then he is in a little incomparable sleep coma with his cheeks still smashed up against the warm boob firmly and securely held in the arms of his mother—and so I tend to give my kids their twenty minutes of nursing and then their twenty minutes of post-hookup nap, undisturbed, in the very position they fell into it in, regardless of my own discomfort, arm cramps or list of shit to do that day. If you do the math of that, in pure forty-minute increments, factoring that an infant needs to be fed every couple of hours … well, an eight-hour day can really fly by, and what I used to accomplish in that time gets reduced to a maddening fraction. A whisper more than zilch. ~ Gabrielle Hamilton,
1366:A remarkably consistent finding, starting with elementary school students, is that males are better at math than females. While the difference is minor when it comes to considering average scores, there is a huge difference when it comes to math stars at the upper extreme of the distribution. For example, in 1983, for every girl scoring in the highest percentile on the math SAT, there were eleven boys. Why the difference? There have always been suggestions that testosterone is central. During development, testosterone fuels the growth of a brain region involved in mathematical thinking, and giving adults testosterone enhances some math skills. Oh, okay, it’s biological. But consider a paper published in Science in 2008.1 The authors examined the relationship between math scores and sexual equality in forty countries (based on economic, educational, and political indices of gender equality; the worst was Turkey, the United States was middling, and, naturally, the Scandinavians were tops). Lo and behold, the more gender equal the country, the less of a discrepancy in math scores. By the time you get to the Scandinavian countries, it’s statistically insignificant. And by the time you examine the most gender-equal country on earth at the time, Iceland, girls are better at math than boys. ~ Robert M Sapolsky,
1367:Many people believe overlearning means studying or practicing until mastery is achieved. However, in the research literature, overlearning refers to a learning strategy in which a student continues to study or practice immediately after some criterion has been achieved. An example might be correctly solving a certain kind of math problem and then immediately working several more problems of the same kind. Although working more problems of the same kind (rather than fewer) often boosts scores on a subsequent test, doing too many problems of the same kind in immediate succession provides diminishing returns. “In the classroom and elsewhere, students should maximize the amount they learn per unit time spent studying or practicing—that is, they should get the most bang for the buck. How can students do this? The scientific literature provides an unequivocal answer: Rather than devote a long session to the study or practice of the same skill or concept so that overlearning occurs, students should divide their effort across several shorter sessions. This doesn’t mean that long study sessions are necessarily a bad idea. Long sessions are fine as long as students don’t devote too much time to any one skill or concept. Once they understand ‘X,’ they should move on to something else and return to ‘X’ on another day. ~ Anonymous,
1368:RECRUITMENT Ripley Residence 2107 Mockingbird Road Vienna, Virginia January 16 1530 hours “Hello, Ben,” said the man in my living room. “My name is Alexander Hale. I work for the CIA.” And just like that, my life became interesting. It hadn’t been, up till then. Not by a long shot. That day had been a prime example: day 4,583, seven months into the twelfth year of my mundane existence. I had dragged myself out of bed, eaten breakfast, gone to middle school, been bored in class, stared at girls I was too embarrassed to approach, had lunch, slogged through gym, fallen asleep in math, been harassed by Dirk the Jerk, taken the bus home . . . And found a man in a tuxedo sitting on the couch. I didn’t doubt he was a spy for a second. Alexander Hale looked exactly like I’d always imagined a spy would. A tiny bit older, perhaps—he seemed about fifty—but still suave and debonair. He had a small scar on his chin—from a bullet, I guessed, or maybe something more exotic, like a crossbow. There was something very James Bond about him; I could imagine he’d been in a car chase on the way over and taken out the bad guys without breaking a sweat. My parents weren’t home. They never were when I got back from school. Alexander had obviously “let himself in.” The photo album from our family vacation to Virginia Beach sat open on the ~ Stuart Gibbs,
1369:Buffy: “I was just thinking, wouldn’t it be funny to see each other sometime when it wasn’t a blood thing? Not funny ha ha.”
Angel: “What are you saying, you want to have a date?”
Buffy: “No—”
Angel: “You don’t want to have a date?”
Buffy: “Who said ‘date’? I never said ‘date.’”
Angel: “Right. You just want to have coffee or something.”
Buffy: “Coffee?”
Angel: “I knew this would happen.”
Buffy: “Really? And what do you think is happening?”
Angel: “You’re sixteen years old, I’m 241.”
Buffy: “I’ve done the math.”
Angel: “You don’t know what you’re doing, you don’t know what you want.”
Buffy: “Oh, I think I do: I want out of this conversation.”
Angel: “Listen. If we date, you and I both know one thing’s going to lead to another.”
Buffy: “One thing’s already led to another. It’s a little late to be reading me the warning label.”
Angel: “I’m just trying to protect you. This could get out of control.”
Buffy: “Isn’t that the way it’s supposed to be?”
Angel: “This isn’t some fairy tale; when I kiss you, you don’t wake up from a deep sleep and live happily ever after.”
Buffy: “No. When you kiss me, I want to die.”
—“REPTILE BOY” ~ Christopher Golden,
1370:I stood straight and calm, though every part of me wanted to blast the crap out of the room. No one moved, no one spoke. I barely breathed. I didn’t know how much time had passed when Ty finally broke the silence. “If we’re demigods and you are demigods, which gods are our grandparents?” Tyde asked, snapping me out of my funk. Why hadn’t it occurred to me to ask that? My parents were the children of gods. All Mer were thought of as children of Poseidon in some respects, but this was different. “Well, your father’s father is Apollo,” Mom said, “And my father is… Zeus.” Whoa, that was big. Zeus was our grandfather. How does someone wrap their mind around that? “So our grandfathers are Apollo and Zeus, but aren’t they related? Wouldn’t that make you and Dad…” Ty couldn’t finish that thought and I was grateful. I was now grossed out. I couldn’t do the math on that messed up family tree. Yuck. “It doesn’t really work that way with the gods,” Mom said, catching on to what Ty was hinting at. “They are so ancient that their blood, while it will carry power, doesn’t carry much else in terms of genealogy. Our DNA comes mostly from our mortal parents. Our powers come from our godly parents but that’s it. It’s complicated, but your father and I are not related. So if you were worried… stop. You’re not the product of kissing cousins ~ Emory Gayle,
1371:The fundamental problem with learning mathematics is that while the number sense may be genetic, exact calculation requires cultural tools—symbols and algorithms—that have been around for only a few thousand years and must therefore be absorbed by areas of the brain that evolved for other purposes. The process is made easier when what we are learning harmonizes with built-in circuitry. If we can’t change the architecture of our brains, we can at least adapt our teaching methods to the constraints it imposes. For nearly three decades, American educators have pushed “reform math,” in which children are encouraged to explore their own ways of solving problems. Before reform math, there was the “new math,” now widely thought to have been an educational disaster. (In France, it was called les maths modernes and is similarly despised.) The new math was grounded in the theories of the influential Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget, who believed that children are born without any sense of number and only gradually build up the concept in a series of developmental stages. Piaget thought that children, until the age of four or five, cannot grasp the simple principle that moving objects around does not affect how many of them there are, and that there was therefore no point in trying to teach them arithmetic before the age of six or seven. ~ Jim Holt,
1372:Many teachers felt that no matter how creative they were in the classroom, it wouldn’t make a difference anyway. They talked about a devastating erosion in standards, how the students of today bore no resemblance to the students of even ten or fifteen years ago, how their preoccupations were with anything but school. It was hard for teachers not to feel depressed by the lack of rudimentary knowledge, like in the history class in which students were asked to name the president after John F. Kennedy. Several students meekly raised their hands and proffered the name of Harry Truman. None gave the correct answer of Lyndon Johnson, who also happened to have been a native Texan. In 1975, the average SAT score on the combined math and verbal sections at Permian was 963. For the senior class of 1988–89, the average combined SAT score was 85 points lower, 878. During the seventies, it had been normal for Permian to have seven seniors qualify as National Merit semi-finalists. In the 1988–89 school year the number dropped to one, which the superintendent of schools, Hugh Hayes, acknowledged was inexcusable for a school the size of Permian with a student body that was rooted in the middle class. (A year later, with the help of $15,000 in consultant’s fees to identify those who might pass the required test, the number went up to five.) ~ H G Bissinger,
1373:Something, somewhere, somewhen, must have happened differently… PETUNIA EVANS married Michael Verres, a Professor of Biochemistry at Oxford. HARRY JAMES POTTER-EVANS-VERRES grew up in a house filled to the brim with books. He once bit a math teacher who didn’t know what a logarithm was. He’s read Godel, Escher, Bach and Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases and volume one of The Feynman Lectures on Physics. And despite what everyone who’s met him seems to fear, he doesn’t want to become the next Dark Lord. He was raised better than that. He wants to discover the laws of magic and become a god. HERMIONE GRANGER is doing better than him in every class except broomstick riding. DRACO MALFOY is exactly what you would expect an eleven-year-old boy to be like if Darth Vader were his doting father. PROFESSOR QUIRRELL is living his lifelong dream of teaching Defense Against the Dark Arts, or as he prefers to call his class, Battle Magic. His students are all wondering what’s going to go wrong with the Defense Professor this time. DUMBLEDORE is either insane, or playing some vastly deeper game which involved setting fire to a chicken. DEPUTY HEADMISTRESS MINERVA MCGONAGALL needs to go off somewhere private and scream for a while. Presenting: HARRY POTTER AND THE METHODS OF RATIONALITY You ain’t guessin’ where this one’s going. ~ Anonymous,
1374:The Measure of America, a report of the Social Science Research Council, ranks every state in the United States on its “human development.” Each rank is based on life expectancy, school enrollment, educational degree attainment, and median personal earnings. Out of the 50 states, Louisiana ranked 49th and in overall health ranked last. According to the 2015 National Report Card, Louisiana ranked 48th out of 50 in eighth-grade reading and 49th out of 50 in eighth-grade math. Only eight out of ten Louisianans have graduated from high school, and only 7 percent have graduate or professional degrees. According to the Kids Count Data Book, compiled by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, Louisiana ranked 49th out of 50 states for child well-being. And the problem transcends race; an average black in Maryland lives four years longer, earns twice as much, and is twice as likely to have a college degree as a black in Louisiana. And whites in Louisiana are worse off than whites in Maryland or anywhere else outside Mississippi. Louisiana has suffered many environmental problems too: there are nearly 400 miles of low, flat, subsiding coastline, and the state loses a football field–size patch of wetland every hour. It is threatened by rising sea levels and severe hurricanes, which the world’s top scientists connect to climate change. ~ Arlie Russell Hochschild,
1375:I get in the car and go to complex A, and look for room 23, and then I knock on the door. The door opens, but it’s not Madison. It’s someone else. I hold the flowers I brought for her in my hand and fidget. “Hi, is Madison here?” “Nope,” she says and she smacks her gum. “Nope?” I repeat like a total dumbass. “Nope.” She smacks her gum again. “Do you know where she is?” She shrugs. “She went dancing with one of the guys in her math class.” “But…we had a date.” She laughs. “Oh, you’re the one.” “The one what?” “The one she caught telling your friends she was just a girl and that her name didn’t matter because there were so damn many of them you couldn’t keep them all straight.” What the hell is she talking about? “She followed you after you dropped her off that day. She wanted to give you her phone number. But she heard you.” “And now she’s out on a date? With somebody else?” She nods and pops her gum again. “Yep.” “Do you know where?” “At the club on Main Street. I can’t remember the name of it.” I turn on my heel and stalk in that direction. I don’t know what bothers me more—that she’s dancing with some random guy or that she stood me up. But I do know what bothers me most. It’s that she heard my stupid comment. I have to explain it to her. And I have to be sure she’s not kissing some random guy. She’s supposed to be kissing me, damn it. ~ Tammy Falkner,
1376:The Roman general wanted to spare Archimedes, because he was so valuable—sort of like the Einstein of the ancient world—but some stupid Roman soldier killed him.” “There you go again,” Hazel muttered. “Stupid and Roman don’t always go together, Leo.” Frank grunted agreement. “How do you know all this, anyway?” he demanded. “Is there a Spanish tour guide around here?” “No, man,” Leo said. “You can’t be a demigod who’s into building stuff and not know about Archimedes. The guy was seriously elite. He calculated the value of pi. He did all this math stuff we still use for engineering. He invented a hydraulic screw that could move water through pipes.” Hazel scowled. “A hydraulic screw. Excuse me for not knowing about that awesome achievement.” “He also built a death ray made of mirrors that could burn enemy ships,” Leo said. “Is that awesome enough for you?” “I saw something about that on TV,” Frank admitted. “They proved it didn’t work.” “Ah, that’s just because modern mortals don’t know how to use Celestial bronze,” Leo said. “That’s the key. Archimedes also invented a massive claw that could swing on a crane and pluck enemy ships out of the water.” “Okay, that’s cool,” Frank admitted. “I love grabber-arm games.” “Well, there you go,” Leo said. “Anyway, all his inventions weren’t enough. The Romans destroyed his city. Archimedes was killed. ~ Rick Riordan,
1377:Al is the upside down man. Back home, you work all day and night to learn how to paint, learn linseed and cadmium and badger-hair and perspective, which is just math in art-school drag, you know? And maybe you still can't do anything worth phoning the Met over. But hey, getting a boy to fuck you is just the easiest thing since Sunday naps. Up top, getting drunk at a party is what you do when you're all out of art. But in...Canada? Are we calling it Canada now? Ok! Al's the King of Canada and he says: fuck that for a lark! The world feels like being a bastard-and-a-half this decade, let's play nine-pins on its grave. Down here it's all the same! Kiss a boy and books come out! Ralph up Parthenons into the upstairs toilet! Dance poems, shit showtunes! Art is easy! Pick up genius at the corner shop! Sell your soul and half your shoes for a glass of gin!' He looks up at Zelda Fair and his poor goblin face goes all twisted up and desperate. 'It's all fucked anyway, you see? The end of the world already happened. It's happening all the time. It's gonna happen again. And again after that. Just when you think it's done falling on its face, the world picks itself up and throws itself off a roof. Boom. Pavement. The world's ending forever and ever and we're not even allowed to toast at her funeral. So we gotta do something else or she won't know we ever loved her. ~ Catherynne M Valente,
1378:You can be a rich person alone. You can be a smart person alone. But you cannot be a complete person alone. For that you must be part of, and rooted in, an olive grove. This truth was once beautifully conveyed by Rabbi Harold S. Kushner in his interpretation of a scene from Gabriel García Márquez’s classic novel One Hundred Years of Solitude: Márquez tells of a village where people were afflicted with a strange plague of forgetfulness, a kind of contagious amnesia. Starting with the oldest inhabitants and working its way through the population, the plague causes people to forget the names of even the most common everyday objects. One young man, still unaffected, tries to limit the damage by putting labels on everything. “This is a table,” “This is a window,” “This is a cow; it has to be milked every morning.” And at the entrance to the town, on the main road, he puts up two large signs. One reads “The name of our village is Macondo,” and the larger one reads “God exists.” The message I get from that story is that we can, and probably will, forget most of what we have learned in life—the math, the history, the chemical formulas, the address and phone number of the first house we lived in when we got married—and all that forgetting will do us no harm. But if we forget whom we belong to, and if we forget that there is a God, something profoundly human in us will be lost. ~ Thomas L Friedman,
1379:counterfactual emotions,” or the feelings that spurred people’s minds to spin alternative realities in order to avoid the pain of the emotion. Regret was the most obvious counterfactual emotion, but frustration and envy shared regret’s essential trait. “The emotions of unrealized possibility,” Danny called them, in a letter to Amos. These emotions could be described using simple math. Their intensity, Danny wrote, was a product of two variables: “the desirability of the alternative” and “the possibility of the alternative.” Experiences that led to regret and frustration were not always easy to undo. Frustrated people needed to undo some feature of their environment, while regretful people needed to undo their own actions. “The basic rules of undoing, however, apply alike to frustration and regret,” he wrote. “They require a more or less plausible path leading to the alternative state.” Envy was different. Envy did not require a person to exert the slightest effort to imagine a path to the alternative state. “The availability of the alternative appears to be controlled by a relation of similarity between oneself and the target of envy. To experience envy, it is sufficient to have a vivid image of oneself in another person’s shoes; it is not necessary to have a plausible scenario of how one came to occupy those shoes.” Envy, in some strange way, required no imagination. Danny spent the ~ Michael Lewis,
1380:So the way to think about the problem is this. You and I and computers and bacteria and viruses and everything else material are made of molecules and atoms, which are themselves composed of particles like electrons and quarks. Schrodinger's equation works for electrons and quarks, and all evidence points to its working for things made of these constituents, regardless of the number of particles involved. This means that Schrodinger's equation should continue to apply during a measurement. After all, a measurement is just one collection of particles (the person, the equipment, the computer...) coming into contact with another (the particle or particles being measured). But if that's the case, if Schrodinger's math refuses to bow down, then Bohr is in trouble. Schrodinger's equation doesn't allow waves to collapse. An essential element of the Copenhagen approach would therefore be undermined.

So the third question is this: If the reasoning just recounted is right and probability waves don't collapse, how do we pass from the range of possible outcomes that exist before a measurement to the single outcome the measurement reveals? Or to put it in more general terms, what happens to a probability wave during a measurement that allows a familiar, definite, unique reality to take hold?

Everett pursued this question in his Princeton doctoral dissertation and came to an unforeseen conclusion. ~ Brian Greene,
1381:Something, somewhere, somewhen, must have happened differently...

PETUNIA EVANS married Michael Verres, a Professor of Biochemistry at Oxford.

HARRY JAMES POTTER-EVANS-VERRES grew up in a house filled to the brim with books. He once bit a math teacher who didn't know what a logarithm was. He's read Godel, Escher, Bach and Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases and volume one of The Feynman Lectures on Physics. And despite what everyone who's met him seems to fear, he doesn't want to become the next Dark Lord. He was raised better than that. He wants to discover the laws of magic and become a god.

HERMIONE GRANGER is doing better than him in every class except broomstick riding.

DRACO MALFOY is exactly what you would expect an eleven-year-old boy to be like if Darth Vader were his doting father.

PROFESSOR QUIRRELL is living his lifelong dream of teaching Defense Against the Dark Arts, or as he prefers to call his class, Battle Magic. His students are all wondering what's going to go wrong with the Defense Professor this time.

DUMBLEDORE is either insane, or playing some vastly deeper game which involved setting fire to a chicken.

DEPUTY HEADMISTRESS MINERVA MCGONAGALL needs to go off somewhere private and scream for a while.

Presenting:

HARRY POTTER AND THE METHODS OF RATIONALITY

You ain't guessin' where this one's going. ~ Eliezer Yudkowsky,
1382:Two Texas farmers, Jim and Bob, are sitting at the bar, drinking beer. Jim turns to Bob and says, "You know, I'm tired of going through life without an education. Tomorrow, I think I'll go to the community college and sign up for some classes." The next day, Jim goes down to the college and meets the Dean of Admissions, who signs him up for the four basic classes: Math, English, History, and Logic. "Logic?" Jim says. "What's that?" The dean says, "I'll give you an example. Do you own a weed eater?" "Yeah." "Then logically speaking, because you own a weed eater, I presume you have a yard." "That's true, I do have a yard." "I'm not done," the dean says. "Because you have a yard, I think that logically speaking, you have a house." "Yes, I do have a house." "And because you have a house, I think that you might logically have a family." "Yes, I have a family." "So, because you have a family, then logically you must have a wife. And because you have a wife, then logic tells me you must be a heterosexual." "I am a heterosexual. That's amazing! You were able to find out all of that just because I have a weed eater." Excited to take the class, Jim shakes the dean's hand and leaves to go meet Bob at the bar. He tells Bob about his classes, and how he is signed up for Math, English, History, and Logic. "Logic?" Bob says, "What's that?" "I'll give you an example," says Jim. "Do you have a weed eater?" "No." "Then you're gay. ~ Various,
1383:Well, class,” said Teacher Jane. “As I guess you all know, Valentine’s Day is coming. We’re going to have a valentine party with punch and cookies, and we’re all going to give valentines to each other.”
“Yippee!” cried the class.
“Oh, yeah?” said Sister under her breath. “If she thinks I’m going to send a valentine to that no-good, rotten Billy Grizzwold, she’s got another think coming.” But Sister had another think coming, too. She began to think about what kind of valentine Herbie Cubbison might send her.
She was still thinking about it that night at dinner when the phone rang.
“It’s probably for you, Brother,” said Papa. “So you might as well answer it.”
“That’s right,” said Sister. “It’s probably one of your sweethearts.”
“You cut that out!” said Brother as he went to answer the phone.
“I wish you wouldn’t tease your brother like that,” said Mama.
“Well,” said Sister when Brother returned, “which one of your sweethearts was it, Bonnie, Jill, or Alexis?”
“It was Bonnie, if you must know,” said Brother, “and she was calling about math homework.”
“Uh-huh,” said Sister. “But that’s not the real reason she was calling. The real reason is that Valentine’s Day is coming and she wants to make sure you send her an icky-sticky valentine with lots of kisses.”
“You cut that out!” shouted Brother. “Mama, if she doesn’t cut that out, I’m gonna--”
But the phone rang again.
“It’s probably Jill this time,” said Sister as Brother went to the phone. ~ Stan Berenstain,
1384:Well, class,” said Teacher Jane. “As I guess you all know, Valentine’s Day is coming. We’re going to have a valentine party with punch and cookies, and we’re all going to give valentines to each other.”
“Yippee!” cried the class.
“Oh, yeah?” said Sister under her breath. “If she thinks I’m going to send a valentine to that no-good, rotten Billy Grizzwold, she’s got another think coming.” But Sister had another think coming, too. She began to think about what kind of valentine Herbie Cubbison might send her.
She was still thinking about it that night at dinner when the phone rang.
“It’s probably for you, Brother,” said Papa. “So you might as well answer it.”
“That’s right,” said Sister. “It’s probably one of your sweethearts.”
“You cut that out!” said Brother as he went to answer the phone.
“I wish you wouldn’t tease your brother like that,” said Mama.
“Well,�� said Sister when Brother returned, “which one of your sweethearts was it, Bonnie, Jill, or Alexis?”
“It was Bonnie, if you must know,” said Brother, “and she was calling about math homework.”
“Uh-huh,” said Sister. “But that’s not the real reason she was calling. The real reason is that Valentine’s Day is coming and she wants to make sure you send her an icky-sticky valentine with lots of kisses.”
“You cut that out!” shouted Brother. “Mama, if she doesn’t cut that out, I’m gonna--”
But the phone rang again.
“It’s probably Jill this time,” said Sister as Brother went to the phone. ~ Stan Berenstain,
1385:You know the logics setup. You got a logic in your house. It looks like a vision receiver used to, only it's got keys instead of dials and you punch the keys for what you wanna get. It's hooked in to the tank, which has the Carson Circuit all fixed up with relays. Say you punch "Station SNAFU" on your logic. Relays in the tank take over an' whatever vision-program SNAFU is telecastin' comes on your logic's screen. Or you punch "Sally Hancock's Phone" an' the screen blinks an' sputters an' you're hooked up with the logic in her house an' if somebody answers you got a vision-phone connection. But besides that, if you punch for the weather forecast or who won today's race at Hialeah or who was mistress of the White House durin' Garfield's administration or what is PDQ and R sellin' for today, that comes on the screen too. The relays in the tank do it. The tank is a big buildin' full of all the facts in creation an' all the recorded telecasts that ever was made—an' it's hooked in with all the other tanks all over the country—an' everything you wanna know or see or hear, you punch for it an' you get it. Very convenient. Also it does math for you, an' keeps books, an' acts as consultin' chemist, physicist, astronomer, an' tea-leaf reader, with a "Advice to the Lovelorn" thrown in. The only thing it won't do is tell you exactly what your wife meant when she said, "Oh, you think so, do you?" in that peculiar kinda voice. Logics don't work good on women. Only on things that make sense. (1949) ~ Murray Leinster,
1386:I still remember the day I got my first calculator

Teacher: All right, children, welcome to fourth grade math. Everyone take a calculator out of the bin.
Me: What are these?
Teacher: From now on we'll be using calculators.
Me: What do these things do?
Teacher: Simple operations, like multiplication and division.
Me: You mean this device just...does them? By itself?
Teacher: Yes. You enter in the problem and press equal.
Me: You...you knew about this machine all along, didn't you? This whole time, while we were going through this...this charade with the pencils and the line paper and the stupid multiplication tables!...I'm sorry for shouting...It's just...I'm a little blown away.
Teacher: Okay, everyone, today we're going to go over some word problems.
Me: What the hell else do you have back there? A magical pen that writes book reports by itself? Some kind of automatic social studies worksheet that...that fills itself out? What the hell is going on?
Teacher: If a farmer farms five acres of land a day--
Me: So that's it, then. The past three years have been a total farce. All this time I've been thinking, "Well, this is pretty hard and frustrating but I guess these are useful skills to have." Meanwhile, there was a whole bin of these things in your desk. We could have jumped straight to graphing. Unless, of course, there's some kind of graphing calculator!
Teacher: There is. You get one in ninth grade.
Me: Is this...Am I on TV? Is this a prank show?
Teacher: No. ~ Simon Rich,
1387:I’m sorry,” I said turning to him. His clear hazel eyes met mine, and a tiny bit of humor flickered there.
“You say that a lot.”
Tugging at my Defense uniform (which was even uglier than I remembered; bright blue stretchy cotton was not a good look on anyone), I gave a little laugh. “Yeah, well, I feel it a lot.” Especially where you’re concerned, I wanted to add.
Cal didn’t say anything to that, and after a moment, started walking toward the house. I waited a few seconds before following. There was so much I wanted to say to him, but I didn’t even know where to start. Cal, I think I love you, but I’m maybe not in love with you, even though kissing you was pretty boss was maybe one approach.
Or: Cal, I love Archer, but my feelings for you are all confused because you are both awesome and smoking hot, and we’re already technically engaged to be married, which adds to the giant pot of boiling emotions and hormones I’ve become.
Okay, maybe don’t say boiling…
“You okay?”
“Huh?” I blinked, surprised to see we’d come to the front of the house. Cal was standing with one foot on the bottom porch step, staring at me.
“You have this weird look on your face,” he said. “Like you’re doing really complicated math in your head.”
I couldn’t help a little snort of laughter. “I was, in a manner of speaking.” As I moved past him and into the house, I resolved to talk to Cal like a mature grown-up person.
Eventually.
For now, I gave him a little wave and ran away to my room. ~ Rachel Hawkins,
1388:A remarkably consistent finding, starting with elementary school students, is that males are better at math than females. While the difference is minor when it comes to considering average scores, there is a huge difference when it comes to math stars at the upper extreme of the distribution. For example, in 1983, for every girl scoring in the highest percentile in the math SAT, there were 11 boys.
Why the difference? There have always been suggestions that testosterone is central. During development, testosterone fuels the growth of a brain region involved in mathematical thinking and giving adults testosterone enhances their math skills. Oh, okay, it's biological. But consider a paper published in science in 2008. The authors examined the relationship between math scores and sexual equality in 40 countries based on economic, educational and political indices of gender equality. The worst was Turkey, United States was middling, and naturally, the Scandinavians were tops. Low and behold, the more gender equal the country, the less of a discrepancy in math scores. By the time you get to the Scandinavian countries it's statistically insignificant. And by the time you examine the most gender equal country on earth at the time, Iceland, girls are better at math than boys. Footnote, note that the other reliable sex difference in cognition, namely better reading performance by girls than by boys doesn't disappear in more gender equal societies. It gets bigger. In other words, culture matters. We carry it with us wherever we go. ~ Robert M Sapolsky,
1389:In all racial groups, students from wealthy households tend to score better than those who are poor, but income does not explain group differences. A study by McKinsey and Company found that white fourth graders living in poverty scored higher—by the equivalent of about half-a-year’s instruction—than black fourth graders who were not poor. These differences increase in high school. On the 2009 math and verbal SAT tests, whites from families with incomes of less than $20,000 not only had an average combined score that was 117 points (out of 1600) higher than the average for all blacks, they even outscored by 12 points blacks who came from families with incomes of $160,000 to $200,000.
Educators and legislators have not ignored the problem. The race gap in achievement is such a preoccupation that in 2007, 4,000 educators and experts attended an “Achievement Gap Summit” in Sacramento. They took part in no fewer than 125 panels on ways to help blacks and Hispanics do as well as whites and Asians.
Overwhelming majorities in Congress passed the No Child Left Behind Act in 2002 to improve student performance and bridge achievement gaps. The government budgeted $24.4 billion for the program for fiscal year 2007, and its requirements for “Adequate Yearly Progress” have forced change on many schools. This is only the latest effort in more than 25 years of federal involvement. The result? In 2009, Chester E. Finn, Jr., a former education official in the Reagan administration, put it this way: “This is a nearly unrelenting tale of woe and disappointment. If there’s any good news here, I can’t find it. ~ Jared Taylor,
1390:In fact, as these companies offered more and more (simply because they could), they found that demand actually followed supply. The act of vastly increasing choice seemed to unlock demand for that choice. Whether it was latent demand for niche goods that was already there or a creation of new demand, we don't yet know. But what we do know is that the companies for which we have the most complete data - netflix, Amazon, Rhapsody - sales of products not offered by their bricks-and-mortar competitors amounted to between a quarter and nearly half of total revenues - and that percentage is rising each year. in other words, the fastest-growing part of their businesses is sales of products that aren't available in traditional, physical retail stores at all.

These infinite-shelf-space businesses have effectively learned a lesson in new math: A very, very big number (the products in the Tail) multiplied by a relatives small number (the sales of each) is still equal to a very, very big number. And, again, that very, very big number is only getting bigger.

What's more, these millions of fringe sales are an efficient, cost-effective business. With no shelf space to pay for - and in the case of purely digital services like iTunes, no manufacturing costs and hardly any distribution fees - a niche product sold is just another sale, with the same (or better) margins as a hit. For the first time in history, hits and niches are on equal economic footing, both just entries in a database called up on demand, both equally worthy of being carried. Suddenly, popularity no longer has a monopoly on profitability. ~ Chris Anderson,
1391:In universities and pharmaceutical labs around the world, computer scientists and computational biologists are designing algorithms to sift through billions of gene sequences, looking for links between certain genetic markers and diseases. The goal is to help us sidestep the diseases we're most likely to contract and to provide each one of us with a cabinet of personalized medicines. Each one should include just the right dosage and the ideal mix of molecules for our bodies. Between these two branches of research, genetic and behavioral, we're being parsed, inside and out. Even the language of the two fields is similar. In a nod to geneticists, Dishman and his team are working to catalog what they call our "behavioral markers." The math is also about the same. Whether they're scrutinizing our strands of DNA or our nightly trips to the bathroom, statisticians are searching for norms, correlations, and anomalies. Dishman prefers his behavioral approach, in part because the market's less crowded. "There are a zillion people looking at biology," he says, "and too few looking at behavior." His gadgets also have an edge because they can provide basic alerts from day one. The technology indicating whether a person gets out of bed, for example, isn't much more complicated than the sensor that automatically opens a supermarket door. But that nugget of information is valuable. Once we start installing these sensors, and the electronics companies get their foot in the door, the experts can start refining the analysis from simple alerts to sophisticated predictions-perhaps preparing us for the onset of Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's. ~ Gary F Marcus,
1392:I would love to say that I wrote (Good Will Hunting). Here is the truth. In my obit it will say that I wrote it. People don't want to think those two cute guys wrote it. What happened was, they had the script. It was their script. They gave it to Rob [Reiner] to read, and there was a great deal of stuff in the script dealing with the F.B.I. trying to use Matt Damon for spy work because he was so brilliant in math. Rob said, "Get rid of it." They then sent them in to see me for a day - I met with them in New York - and all I said to them was, "Rob's right. Get rid of the F.B.I. stuff. Go with the family, go with Boston, go with all that wonderful stuff." And they did. I think people refuse to admit it because their careers have been so far from writing, and I think it's too bad. I'll tell you who wrote a marvelous script once, Sylvester Stallone. Rocky's a marvelous script. God, read it, it's wonderful. It's just got marvelous stuff. And then he stopped suddenly because it's easier being a movie star and making all that money than going in your pit and writing a script. But I did not write [Good Will Hunting], alas. I would not have written the "It's not your fault" scene. I'm going to assume that 148 percent of the people in this room have seen a therapist. I certainly have, for a long time. Hollywood always has this idea that it's this shrink with only one patient. I mean, that scene with Robin Williams gushing and Matt Damon and they're hugging, "It's not your fault, it's not your fault." I thought, Oh God, Freud is so agonized over this scene. But Hollywood tends to do that with therapists.

(from 2003 WGA seminar) ~ William Goldman,
1393:Frankly, we hesitate to pile on the data, since even when numbers are persuasive, they are not galvanizing. A growing collection of psychological studies show that statistics have a dulling effect, while it is individual stories that move people to act. In one experiment, research subjects were divided into several group, and each person was asked to donate $5 to alleviate hunger abroad. One group was told the money would go to Rokia, a seven-year-old girl in Mali. Another group was told that the money would go to address malnutrition among 21 million Africans. The third group was told that the donations would go to Roka, as in the first group, but this time her own hunger was presented as part of a background tapestry of global hunger, with some statistics thrown in. People were much more willing to donate to Rokia than to 21 million hungry people, and even a mention of the larger problem made people less inclined to help her. In another experiment, people were asked to donate to a $300,000 fund to fight cancer. One group was told that the money would be used to save the life of one child, while another group was told it would save the lives of eight children. People contributed almost twice as much to save one child as to save eight. Social psychologists argue that all this reflects the way our consciences and ethical systems are based on individual stories and are distinct from the parts of our brain concerned with logical and rationality. Indeed, when subjects in experiments are first asked to solve math problems, thus putting in play the parts of the brain that govern logic, afterward they are less generous to the needy. ~ Nicholas D Kristof,
1394:When you measure a single spiked wave, such as that in Figure 8.9, the device registers the spike's location. If it's spiked at Strawberry Fields, that's what the device reads; if you look at the result, your brain registers that location and you become aware of it. If it's spiked at Grant's Tomb, that's what the device registers; if you look, your brain registers that location and you become aware of it. When you measure the double spiked wave in Figure 8.10, Schrodinger's math tells you to combine the two results you just found. But, says Everett, be careful and precise when you combine them. The combined result, he argued, does not yield a meter and a mind each simultaneously registering two locations. That's sloppy thinking.

Instead, proceeding slowly and literally, we find that the combined result is a device and a mind registering Strawberry Fields, and a device and a mind registering Grant's Tomb. And what does that mean? I'll use broad strokes in painting the general picture, which I'll refine shortly. To accommodate Everett's suggested outcome, the device and you and everything else must split upon measurement, yielding two devices, two yous, and two everything elses-the only difference between the two being that one device and one you registers Strawberry Fields, while the other device and the other you registers Grant's Tomb. As in Figure 8.12, this implies that we now have two parallel realities, two parallel worlds. To the you occupying each, the measurement and your mental impression of the result are sharp and unique and thus fell like life as usual. The peculiarity, of course, is that there are two of you who feel this way. ~ Brian Greene,
1395:I work in theoretical computer science: a field that doesn’t itself win Fields Medals (at least not yet), but that has occasions to use parts of math that have won Fields Medals. Of course, the stuff we use cutting-edge math for might itself be dismissed as “ivory tower self-indulgence.” Except then the cryptographers building the successors to Bitcoin, or the big-data or machine-learning people, turn out to want the stuff we were talking about at conferences 15 years ago—and we discover to our surprise that, just as the mathematicians gave us a higher platform to stand on, so we seem to have built a higher platform for the practitioners. The long road from Hilbert to Gödel to Turing and von Neumann to Eckert and Mauchly to Gates and Jobs is still open for traffic today.

Yes, there’s plenty of math that strikes even me as boutique scholasticism: a way to signal the brilliance of the people doing it, by solving problems that require years just to understand their statements, and whose “motivations” are about 5,000 steps removed from anything Caplan or Bostrom would recognize as motivation. But where I part ways is that there’s also math that looked to me like boutique scholasticism, until Greg Kuperberg or Ketan Mulmuley or someone else finally managed to explain it to me, and I said: “ah, so that’s why Mumford or Connes or Witten cared so much about this. It seems … almost like an ordinary applied engineering question, albeit one from the year 2130 or something, being impatiently studied by people a few moves ahead of everyone else in humanity’s chess game against reality. It will be pretty sweet once the rest of the world catches up to this. ~ Scott Aaronson,
1396:During those days before the girl from the lake was finally buried in her hometown, Jay had been the one who kept Violet sane. He slipped candy bars into her backpack for her to find and left little notes in her locker just to let her know he was thinking about her. She leaned on him every step of the way, and he never once complained. And afterward, when she felt back to her old self again, at least mostly anyway, he was still there.
She wondered what she’d done to deserve a friend like him, someone who never wavered and never questioned. Someone who was always there . . . being supportive, and funny, and thoughtful.
Violet stood in the hallway and watched him. He was digging through his locker looking for his math book, and even though she knew it wasn’t there, Violet just let him search, smiling to herself. Crumpled wads of paper fell out onto the floor at his feet.
He seemed to sense that she was staring and he looked back at her. “What?” he asked.
“Nothing,” she responded, the smile finding her lips.
He narrowed his eyes, realizing that he was the butt of some private joke. “What?
She sighed and kicked a toe at his backpack, which was lying crookedly against the wall of lockers. “Your book’s in your bag, dumbass,” she announced as she turned away and started walking toward class.
She heard him groan, followed by the sound of his locket slamming, before he finally caught up with her.
“Why didn’t you say anything? Sometimes you really piss me off.”
It was easy to ignore the harsh words when his tone was anything but scolding.
She shrugged. “It’s fun to watch you scramble.”
“Yeah, fun. That’s what I was thinking. ~ Kimberly Derting,
1397:Can I tell you a funny story?” Gina asked. She didn’t wait for him to say yes or no. “It’s about, well . . . You know the whole age-issue thing?”
“The age-issue thing,” Max repeated. “Are you sure this is a funny story?”
“Does it still bother you?” she asked. “Being a little bit older than me? And it’s more funny weird than funny ha-ha.”
“Twenty years isn’t exactly ‘a little bit,’” he said.
“Tell that to a paleontologist,” she countered.
Okay, he’d give her that one. “Just tell me the story.”
“Once upon a time, when Jones first came to Kenya,” Gina said, “I didn’t know who he was. Molly didn’t tell me, and he came to our tent for tea, and . . . Maybe this isn’t even a funny weird story. Maybe it’s more of an ‘I’m an asshole’ story, because I immediately jumped to the conclusion that he was there because he was all hot for me. It never occurred to me—it never even crossed my narrow little mind—that he might’ve been crushing on Molly. And she’s only maybe ten years older than he is. I remember sitting there after I figured it out, and thinking, shoot. People do make assumptions based on age. Max wasn’t just being crazy.” She smiled at him. “Or at least not crazier than usual. I guess . . . I just wanted to apologize for mocking you all those times.”
“It’s okay,” Max said. “I just keep reminding myself that love doesn’t always stop to do the math.” He looked at her. “I’m trying to talk myself into that. How’d I sound? Convincing?”
“That was pretty good.” They sat in silence for a moment, then Gina spoke again. “Maybe I could get a T-shirt that says, ‘I’m not his daughter, I’m his wife.’”
Max nodded as he laughed. “Yet still you mock me. ~ Suzanne Brockmann,
1398:Merle took off to hide his front end under a dining room chair, ass in the air like always, as I scooped up the shoe he’d been gnawing on like a damn rawhide bone. “Just a shoe?” I asked in a deadly-quiet voice. “Just a shoe? This is a goddamned Manolo Blahnik! It cost four hundred and seventeen dollars!” I stared down at the ravaged shoe in my hand and felt a whimper bubble up from my chest. I swear to God, I was this close to crying as I looked down at my poor, ruined baby. “Holy shit! You paid four hundred and seventeen dollars for a pair of friggin’ shoes?” Trevor asked in astonishment. “Are you insane!” “Nooo, I said this shoe cost four hundred and seventeen dollars. As a pair, they cost eight thirty-five!” I shouted like the math made the situation more understandable. “Fuck me, cher. It’s a shoe. You walk around with it on your foot; you don’t live in the damn thing! You’re telling me that ugly-ass thing cost more than I paid in rent for a month at my apartment?” I sucked in an audible gasp. How dare he call my precious ugly. “Take it back,” I whispered. “What?” Trevor looked at me like I was a crazy person. “Take it back. This shoe is not ugly. It’s stunning,” I said, holding it to my chest and giving it a loving stroke. He let out a sarcastic grunt and eyeballed the pump like it was garbage. “Not so stunning covered in dog slobber,” he laughed. And I was a second away from stabbing him with the chewed-up stiletto heel. Those shoes deserved to be praised. They deserved to be worn to the most expensive restaurants and balls and red carpet premiers! And they deserved to be buried with dignity in the backyard under my pretty oak tree. And I didn’t think I was being ridiculous at all! ~ Anonymous,
1399:I am sorry that I cannot make it okay. I am sorry that I cannot save you -- but not that sorry. Part of me thinks that your very vulnerability brings you closer to the meaning of life, just as for others, the quest to believe oneself white divides them from it. The fact is that despite their dreams, their lives are also not inviolable. When their own vulnerability becomes real -- when the police decide that tactics for the ghetto should enjoy wider usage, when their armed society shoots down their children, when nature sends hurricanes against their cities -- they are shocked in a way that those of us who were born and bred to understand cause and effect can never be. And I would not have you like them. You have been cast into a race in which the wind is always at your face and the hounds are always at your heels. And to varying degrees this is true of all life. The difference is that you do not have the privilege of living in ignorance of this essential fact. I am speaking to you as I always have -- as the sober and serious man I have always wanted you to be, who does not apologize for his human feelings, who does not make excuses for his height, his long arms, his beautiful smile. You are growing into consciousness, and my wish for you is that you feel no need to constrict yourself to make other people comfortable. None of that can change the math anyway. I never wanted you to be twice as good as them, so much as I have always wanted you to attack every day of your brief bright life in struggle. The people who must believe they are white can never be your measuring stick. I would not have you descend into your own dream. I would have you be a conscious citizen of this terrible and beautiful world. ~ Ta Nehisi Coates,
1400:Hey you, dragging the halo-
how about a holiday in the islands of grief?

Tongue is the word I wish to have with you.
Your eyes are so blue they leak.

Your legs are longer than a prisoner's
last night on death row.
I'm filthier than the coal miner's bathtub
and nastier than the breath of Charles Bukowski.

You're a dirty little windshield.

I'm standing behind you on the subway,
hard as calculus. My breath
be sticking to your neck like graffiti.

I'm sitting opposite you in the bar,
waiting for you to uncross your boundaries.

I want to rip off your logic
and make passionate sense to you.

I want to ride in the swing of your hips.

My fingers will dig in you like quotation marks,
blazing your limbs into parts of speech.

But with me for a lover, you won't need
catastrophes. What attracted me in the first place
will ultimately make me resent you.

I'll start telling you lies,
and my lies will sparkle,
become the bad stars you chart your life by.

I'll stare at other women so blatantly
you'll hear my eyes peeling,

because sex with you is like Great Britain:
cold, groggy, and a little uptight.

Your bed is a big, soft calculator
where my problems multiply.

Your brain is a garage
I park my bullshit in, for free.

You're not really my new girlfriend,
just another flop sequel of the first one,
who was based on the true story of my mother.

You're so ugly I forgot how to spell.

I'll cheat on you like a ninth grade math test,
break your heart just for the sound it makes.

You're the 'this' we need to put an end to.
The more you apologize, the less I forgive you.

So how about it? ~ Jeffrey McDaniel,
1401:In 2012, the U.S. government estimated that 660,000 Americans were using heroin and more than 3,000 dying of it every year because Mexico was boosting the supply.22 About a quarter of all people who try heroin will become dependent on it, according to government estimates,23 and the precise appeal of methamphetamine to Mexico’s Sinaloa drug cartel was that it was “ragingly addictive,” according to the New York Times.24 Forbes reports that there is “little doubt” that the heroin that killed Philip Seymour Hoffman came from Mexico.25 These aren’t “big city” problems: They’re Mexico-is-on-our-border problems. Missouri had 18 heroin overdose deaths in 2001; ten years later, there were 245.26 Heroin deaths in Minnesota shot from 3 to 98 between 1999 and 2013.27 Michigan saw fatal heroin overdoses surge from a few dozen a year in 2002 to more than 100 a year starting in 2009.28 In just one year, heroin-related fatalities in Connecticut nearly doubled, to 257 in 2013.29 Between 2007 and 2012, heroin use in the United States is estimated to have increased by almost 80 percent.30 And that’s just heroin. More than 40,000 Americans were killed from all illegal drug use in 2010, surpassing car accidents and shootings as a cause of death.31 The addicts who die may be the lucky ones. In 2001, a seventeen-year-old boy in New Jersey who scored 700 on the math SAT took a heroin overdose that left him unable to stand, walk, or bathe himself. His mother, a globetrotting executive with Citibank, was forced to quit her job and become his full-time caretaker. After a year of hospitalization and more than a decade of therapy, he still needs his mother to carry him to the toilet. He has no recollection of taking an overdose, but packets of heroin and marijuana were found stored in a secret compartment in his bedroom.32 ~ Ann Coulter,
1402:Build a foundation for continuous growth

What matters, then, is having a good education, good work habits, and a good attitude that gives you a foundation to build on. Popularity is about wanting people to like you, but happiness is about liking yourself.
In most schools, the science fair is not the most popular event. Being in the math club isn’t nearly as cool as being on the football team. Some of my friends made fun of people on the debate team. But now they work for people who were on the debate team.
Junior high and high school are critical times in our lives and our formative years. There’s so much emphasis on sports and not enough on studies. I love sports. I played sports growing up, still do. They teach discipline and teamwork and perseverance, and that’s all great. But we need to keep sports in perspective.
Most of us are not going to play sports for a living. One in one million kids will play professional basketball. I don’t mean to depress you, but if you’re white it’s one in five million! The average professional football career is three and a half years. Even if you do make it, you still need a good foundation for life after football.
When you study and learn, and take school seriously you may be called a bookworm, a geek, or a nerd, but don’t worry about those names. In a few years you’ll be called the boss. You’ll be called CEO, president, senator, pastor, or doctor.
Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and Harvey Firestone had summer homes next to each other in Florida. They were close friends and spent much of their summers together.
Who you associate with makes a difference in how far you go in life. If your friends are Larry, Curly, and Moe, you may have fun, but you may not be going anywhere. The scripture says, “We should redeem the time.” You need to see time as a gift. God has given us 86,400 seconds each today. ~ Joel Osteen,
1403:It's an old story," Julia says, leaning back in her chair. "Only for me, it's new. I went to school for industrial design. All my life I've been fascinated by chairs - I know it sounds silly, but it's true. Form meets purpose in a chair. My parents thought I was crazy, but somehow I convinced them to pay my way to California. To study furniture design. I was all excited at first. It was totally unlike me to go so far away from home. But I was sick of the cold and sick of the snow. I figured a little sun might change my life. So I headed down to L.A. and roomed with a friend of an ex-girlfriend of my brother's. She was an aspiring radio actress, which meant she was home a lot. At first, I loved it. I didn't even let the summer go by. I dove right into my classes. Soon enough, I learned I couldn't just focus on chairs. I had to design spoons and toilet-bowl cleaners and thermostats. The math never bothered me, but the professors did. They could demolish you in a second without giving you a clue if how to rebuild. I spent more and more time in the studio, with other crazed students who guarded their projects like toy-jealous kids. I started to go for walks. Long walks. I couldn't go home because my roommate was always there. The sun was too much for me, so I'd stay indoors. I spent hours in supermarkets, walking aisle to aisle, picking up groceries and then putting them back. I went to bowling alleys and pharmacies. I rode buses that kept their lights on all night. I sat in Laundromats because once upon a time Laundromats made me happy. But now the hum of the machines sounded like life going past. Finally, one night I sat too long in the laundry. The woman who folded in the back - Alma - walked over to me and said, 'What are you doing here, girl?' And I knew that there wasn't any answer. There couldn't be any answer. And that's when I knew it was time to go. ~ David Levithan,
1404:If you dislike Michigan winters so much,” Connell said, “why did you move here? Why didn’t you stay in New York?” At least there she’d be away from wild lumber camps and towns. The sunshine in her face disappeared. She took a longer drink of coffee before looking at him. The heartache in her expression socked him in the stomach. “I wish we could have stayed. Then maybe Daisy wouldn’t have gotten herself into this predicament.” Her voice was soft. “If you find her, do you think you’ll move back?” “There’s nothing left for us there. No one who wants us. No one who ever did.” She spoke so low, he wasn’t sure he’d heard her correctly. And he couldn’t help wondering what had happened to the rest of her family and how she had ended up with the cranky old photographer. “When I find Daisy—not if,” she said, her voice growing louder and ringing with the passion he’d heard before. “When I find her, I’ll never let her go. And I’ll give her the kind of home she deserves—finally.” He took a slurp of coffee, not quite sure how to answer her. If he did the math, he could come up with the slim percentage she had of finding her sister, especially alive. But he didn’t think she’d be too happy with the statistic. “I’m old enough now that I’ll be able to get a job and find a place for the two of us,” she said, looking him directly in the eyes, as if somehow she could convince him. “I’ll take care of her. We’ll make it this time.” He prayed she was right. But he had the gut feeling she was in for far more challenges than she expected. But who was he to contradict her and discourage her plans? He hardly knew her. In a few short weeks, she’d move on with Oren to another town and Connell would likely never see her again. And yet, down in the dark depths of her eyes, there was a spark that drew him in, a flicker of loneliness and longing, and it tugged on him, pulling him deeper. . . . And he was afraid ~ Jody Hedlund,
1405:I have both some good news and some bad news for you: there is little that is unique or special about your problems. That’s why letting go is so liberating. There’s a kind of self-absorption that comes with fear based on an irrational certainty. When you assume that your plane is the one that’s going to crash, or that your project idea is the stupid one everyone is going to laugh at, or that you’re the one everyone is going to choose to mock or ignore, you’re implicitly telling yourself, “I’m the exception; I’m unlike everybody else; I’m different and special.” This is narcissism, pure and simple. You feel as though your problems deserve to be treated differently, that your problems have some unique math to them that doesn’t obey the laws of the physical universe. My recommendation: don’t be special; don’t be unique. Redefine your metrics in mundane and broad ways. Choose to measure yourself not as a rising star or an undiscovered genius. Choose to measure yourself not as some horrible victim or dismal failure. Instead, measure yourself by more mundane identities: a student, a partner, a friend, a creator. The narrower and rarer the identity you choose for yourself, the more everything will seem to threaten you. For that reason, define yourself in the simplest and most ordinary ways possible. This often means giving up some grandiose ideas about yourself: that you’re uniquely intelligent, or spectacularly talented, or intimidatingly attractive, or especially victimized in ways other people could never imagine. This means giving up your sense of entitlement and your belief that you’re somehow owed something by this world. This means giving up the supply of emotional highs that you’ve been sustaining yourself on for years. Like a junkie giving up the needle, you’re going to go through withdrawal when you start giving these things up. But you’ll come out the other side so much better. ~ Mark Manson,
1406:Rise, lovers, that we may go towards heaven; we have seen this world, so let us go to that world.
No, no, for thought these two gardens are beautiful and fair, let us pass beyond these two, and go to that Gardener.
Let us go prostrating to the sea like a torrent, then let us go foaming upon the face of the sea.
Let us journey from this street of mourning to the wedding feast, let us go from this saffron face to the face of the Judas tree blossom.
Trembling like a leaf and twig from fear of falling, our hearts are throbbing; let us go to the Abode of Security.
There is no escape from pain, since we are in exile, and there is no escape from dust, seeing that we are going to a dustbowl.
Like parrots green of wing and with fine pinions, let us become sugar-gatherers and go to the sugar-bed.
These forms are signs of the signless fashioner; hidden from the evil eye, come, let us go to the signless.
It is a road full of tribulation, but love is the guide, giving us instruction how we should go thereon;
Though the shadow of the kings grace surely protects, yet it is better that on that road we go with the caravan.
We are like rain falling on a leaky roof; let us spring from the leak and go by that waterspout.
We are crooked as a bow, for the string is in our own throats; when we become straight, then we will go like an arrow from the bow.
We cower like mice in the house because of the cats; if we are lions whelps, let us go to that Lion.
Let us make our soul a mirror in passion for a Joseph; let us go before Josephs beauty with a present.
Let us be silent, that the giver of speech may say this; even as he shall say, so let us go.


F 1713
Street of Mourning: The world, which has been called by many similar names, such as the infidels paradise, and symbolized by the false dawn, a carcass, a bath-stove and a tomb. (Cf. World in Nicholsons index to Math .)

~ Jalaluddin Rumi, Rise, Lovers
,
1407:During my time in India, the commitment level of the believers there shocked me. I visited thousands of Christians who had been beaten or watched relatives murdered for their faith. At one point, I said to one of the leaders, “Every believer seems so serious about his or her commitment to Christ. Aren’t there people who just profess Christ but don’t really follow Him?” He answered by explaining that nominal Christianity doesn’t make sense in India. Calling yourself a Christian means you lose everything. Your family and friends reject you, and you lose your home, status, and job. So why would anyone choose that unless he or she is serious about Jesus? I witnessed that same passion during my time in mainland China. The highlight was attending a meeting with underground church members training to become missionaries. The way they prayed and gave testimony about being persecuted was convicting and encouraging. The most surprising part of our time together was when they asked me about church in America. They laughed hysterically when I told them that church for Americans tends to focus on buildings and that people will sometimes switch churches based on music, child care, preaching, or disagreements with other believers. I honestly was not trying to be funny. They laughed in disbelief at our church experiences, thinking it was ridiculous that we would call this Christianity. Keep in mind that the population of China is over 1.3 billion, and in India it’s over 1.2 billion. Meanwhile, there are around 300 million people in the United States. This means that we are a small minority. Our views of “Christianity” are peculiar to the vast majority of the world. I used to think of those “radical believers” overseas as the strange ones. Some simple math revealed to me that in actuality we are the weird ones. The majority of believers on this earth find it laughable that we could reduce the call to follow Jesus and make disciples to an invitation to sit in church service. ~ Francis Chan,
1408:Jake,” I murmur. He opens his eyes. “Are you absolutely sure this is what you want? The baby, I mean.”

“I’m sure.” His gaze drops to my stomach. “This baby will be made of everything I have loved my whole life.”

“I’m gonna get fat,” I mumble.

“No, you’re going to get even sexier.” Coming close again, he wraps his arms around me tightly, rubbing the tip of his nose against mine. “How could I not want something made up of Trudy Wethers’s DNA?”

“Still Bennett.” I grin. “You haven’t made an honest woman of me yet.”

“You ready to hop that plane to Vegas now?”

“A shotgun wedding. My folks would be so proud.” I laugh.

“What do you want to do about the wedding?” he asks. “Move it forward?”

“That would give me a matter of weeks to plan it. Why don’t we just wait until after the baby is born?”

I see him quickly do the math in his head. “We wouldn’t be able to get married July twenty-first. You okay with that?”

“I’m going to have a mini-Jake soon. Of course I’m okay with that.”

“Or a mini-Tru,” he says. Then his expression suddenly changes. “Fuck, a girl. We might have to lock her up, Tru.”

I scrunch up my face. “Why?”

“Because, if she looks anything like you, I’m one day going to be fighting off horny teenage boys left, right, and centre. I’ll probably end up in jail for beating one to death if I find him with his hands on my baby girl.” He shudders comically.

I let out a laugh. “Let’s hope if we have a boy, he’s doesn’t grow up to be one of those horny teenagers…or God forbid, as horny as you are. Otherwise we’ll have some girl’s dad round here kicking his ass.”

“Then I’ll end up in jail for beating the shit out of the dad—fuck, this is a no-win, sweetheart,” he groans, dropping his head back against the rest. “I’m doomed to a future behind bars.”

Laughing softly, I say, “Don’t worry, baby, we’ll figure a way to keep you out of prison.” I kiss the tip of his nose, then open the door, ready to get out of the car and into the house to bed. ~ Samantha Towle,
1409:Here was my first lesson: This type of skill development is hard. When I got to the first tricky gap in the paper’s main proof argument, I faced immediate internal resistance. It was as if my mind realized the effort I was about to ask it to expend, and in response it unleashed a wave of neuronal protest, distant at first, but then as I persisted increasingly tremendous, crashing over my concentration with mounting intensity. To combat this resistance, I deployed two types of structure. The first type was time structure: “I am going to work on this for one hour,” I would tell myself. “I don’t care if I faint from the effort, or make no progress, for the next hour this is my whole world.” But of course I wouldn’t faint and eventually I would make progress. It took, on average, ten minutes for the waves of resistance to die down. Those ten minutes were always difficult, but knowing that my efforts had a time limit helped ensure that the difficulty was manageable. The second type of structure I deployed was information structure—a way of capturing the results of my hard focus in a useful form. I started by building a proof map that captured the dependencies between the different pieces of the proof. This was hard, but not too hard, and it got me warmed up in my efforts to understand the result. I then advanced from the maps to short self-administered quizzes that forced me to memorize the key definitions the proof used. Again, this was a relatively easy task, but it still took concentration, and the result was an understanding that was crucial for parsing the detailed math that came next. After these first two steps, emboldened by my initial successes in deploying hard focus, I moved on to the big guns: proof summaries. This is where I forced myself to take each lemma and walk through each step of its proofs—filling in missing steps. I would conclude by writing a detailed summary in my own words. This was staggeringly demanding, but the fact that I had already spent time on easier tasks in the paper built up enough momentum to help push me forward. ~ Cal Newport,
1410:Brunelleschi’s successor as a theorist of linear perspective was another of the towering Renaissance polymaths, Leon Battista Alberti (1404 –1472), who refined many of Brunelleschi’s experiments and extended his discoveries about perspective. An artist, architect, engineer, and writer, Alberti was like Leonardo in many ways: both were illegitimate sons of prosperous fathers, athletic and good-looking, never-married, and fascinated by everything from math to art. One difference is that Alberti’s illegitimacy did not prevent him from being given a classical education. His father helped him get a dispensation from the Church laws barring illegitimate children from taking holy orders or holding ecclesiastical offices, and he studied law at Bologna, was ordained as a priest, and became a writer for the pope. During his early thirties, Alberti wrote his masterpiece analyzing painting and perspective, On Painting, the Italian edition of which was dedicated to Brunelleschi. Alberti had an engineer’s instinct for collaboration and, like Leonardo, was “a lover of friendship” and “open-hearted,” according to the scholar Anthony Grafton. He also honed the skills of courtiership. Interested in every art and technology, he would grill people from all walks of life, from cobblers to university scholars, to learn their secrets. In other words, he was much like Leonardo, except in one respect: Leonardo was not strongly motivated by the goal of furthering human knowledge by openly disseminating and publishing his findings; Alberti, on the other hand, was dedicated to sharing his work, gathering a community of intellectual colleagues who could build on each other’s discoveries, and promoting open discussion and publication as a way to advance the accumulation of learning. A maestro of collaborative practices, he believed, according to Grafton, in “discourse in the public sphere.” When Leonardo was a teenager in Florence, Alberti was in his sixties and spending much of his time in Rome, so it is unlikely they spent time together. Alberti was a major influence nonetheless. ~ Walter Isaacson,
1411:He walked straight out of college into the waiting arms of the Navy.

They gave him an intelligence test. The first question on the math part had to do with boats on a river: Port Smith is 100 miles upstream of Port Jones. The river flows at 5 miles per hour. The boat goes through water at 10 miles per hour. How long does it take to go from Port Smith to Port Jones? How long to come back?

Lawrence immediately saw that it was a trick question. You would have to be some kind of idiot to make the facile assumption that the current would add or subtract 5 miles per hour to or from the speed of the boat. Clearly, 5 miles per hour was nothing more than the average speed. The current would be faster in the middle of the river and slower at the banks. More complicated variations could be expected at bends in the river. Basically it was a question of hydrodynamics, which could be tackled using certain well-known systems of differential equations. Lawrence dove into the problem, rapidly (or so he thought) covering both sides of ten sheets of paper with calculations. Along the way, he realized that one of his assumptions, in combination with the simplified Navier Stokes equations, had led him into an exploration of a particularly interesting family of partial differential equations. Before he knew it, he had proved a new theorem. If that didn't prove his intelligence, what would?

Then the time bell rang and the papers were collected. Lawrence managed to hang onto his scratch paper. He took it back to his dorm, typed it up, and mailed it to one of the more approachable math professors at Princeton, who promptly arranged for it to be published in a Parisian mathematics journal.

Lawrence received two free, freshly printed copies of the journal a few months later, in San Diego, California, during mail call on board a large ship called the U.S.S. Nevada. The ship had a band, and the Navy had given Lawrence the job of playing the glockenspiel in it, because their testing procedures had proven that he was not intelligent enough to do anything else. ~ Neal Stephenson,
1412:There are many things the Chinese do differently from Westerners. There’s the question of extra credit, for example. One time, Lulu came home and told me about a math test she’d just taken. She said she thought it had gone extremely well, which is why she didn’t feel the need to do the extra-credit problems.
I was speechless for a second, uncomprehending. “Why not?” I asked. “Why didn’t you do them?”
“I didn’t want to miss recess.”
A fundamental tenet of being Chinese is that you always do all of the extra credit all of the time.
“Why?” asked Lulu, when I explained this to her.
For me this was like asking why I should breathe.
“None of my friends do it,” Lulu added.
“That’s not true,” I said. “I’m 100% sure that Amy and Junno did the extra credit.” Amy and Junno were the Asian kids in Lulu’s class. And I was right about them; Lulu admitted it.
“But Rashad and Ian did the extra credit too, and they’re not Asian,” she added.
“Aha! So many of your friends did do the extra credit! And I didn’t say only Asians do extra credit. Anyone with good parents knows you have to do the extra credit. I’m in shock, Lulu. What will the teacher think of you? You went to recess instead of doing extra credit?” I was almost in tears. “Extra credit is not extra. It’s just credit. It’s what separates the good students from the bad students."
"Aww - recess is so fun," Lulu offered as her final sally. But after that, Lulu, like Sophia. always did the extra credit. Sometimes the girls got more points on extra credit than on the test itself - an absurdity that would never happen in China. Extra credit is one reason that Asian kids get such notoriously good grades in the United States.
Rote drilling is another. Once Sophia came in second on a multiplication speed test, which her fifth grade teacher administered every Friday. She lost to a Korean boy named Yoon-seok. Over the next week, I made Sophia do twenty practice tests (of 100 problems each) every night, with me clocking her with a stopwatch. After that, she came in first every time. Poor Yoon-seok. He went back to Korea with his family, but probably not because of the speed test. ~ Amy Chua,
1413:An extreme representative of this view is Ted Kaczynski, infamously known as the Unabomber. Kaczynski was a child prodigy who enrolled at Harvard at 16. He went on to get a PhD in math and become a professor at UC Berkeley. But you’ve only ever heard of him because of the 17-year terror campaign he waged with pipe bombs against professors, technologists, and businesspeople. In late 1995, the authorities didn’t know who or where the Unabomber was. The biggest clue was a 35,000-word manifesto that Kaczynski had written and anonymously mailed to the press. The FBI asked some prominent newspapers to publish it, hoping for a break in the case. It worked: Kaczynski’s brother recognized his writing style and turned him in. You might expect that writing style to have shown obvious signs of insanity, but the manifesto is eerily cogent. Kaczynski claimed that in order to be happy, every individual “needs to have goals whose attainment requires effort, and needs to succeed in attaining at least some of his goals.” He divided human goals into three groups: 1. Goals that can be satisfied with minimal effort; 2. Goals that can be satisfied with serious effort; and 3. Goals that cannot be satisfied, no matter how much effort one makes. This is the classic trichotomy of the easy, the hard, and the impossible. Kaczynski argued that modern people are depressed because all the world’s hard problems have already been solved. What’s left to do is either easy or impossible, and pursuing those tasks is deeply unsatisfying. What you can do, even a child can do; what you can’t do, even Einstein couldn’t have done. So Kaczynski’s idea was to destroy existing institutions, get rid of all technology, and let people start over and work on hard problems anew. Kaczynski’s methods were crazy, but his loss of faith in the technological frontier is all around us. Consider the trivial but revealing hallmarks of urban hipsterdom: faux vintage photography, the handlebar mustache, and vinyl record players all hark back to an earlier time when people were still optimistic about the future. If everything worth doing has already been done, you may as well feign an allergy to achievement and become a barista. ~ Peter Thiel,
1414:7 things every kid should master A noted Williams College psychologist argues standardized tests are useful, if they measure the abilities students really need. By Susan Engel | 2458 words In the past few years, parents, teachers, and policy makers have furiously debated whether standardized tests should be used to promote or hold back children, fire teachers, and withhold funds from schools. The debate has focused for the most part on whether the tests are being used in unfair ways. But almost no one has publicly questioned a fundamental assumption — that the tests measure something meaningful or predict something significant beyond themselves. I have reviewed more than 300 studies of K–12 academic tests. What I have discovered is startling. Most tests used to evaluate students, teachers, and school districts predict almost nothing except the likelihood of achieving similar scores on subsequent tests. I have found virtually no research demonstrating a relationship between those tests and measures of thinking or life outcomes. When you hear people debate the use of tests in schools, the talk usually assumes that the only alternative to the current approach is no testing at all. But nothing could be further from the truth. Ideally, everyone would benefit from objective measures of children’s learning in schools. The answer is not to abandon testing, but to measure the things we most value, and find good ways to do that. How silly to measure a child’s ability to parse a sentence or solve certain kinds of math problems if in fact those measures don’t predict anything important about the child or lead to better teaching practices. Why not test the things we value, and test them in a way that provides us with an accurate picture of what children really do, not what they can do under the most constrained circumstances after the most constrained test preparation? Nor should this be very difficult. After all, in the past 50 years economists and psychologists have found ways to measure things as subtle and dynamic as the mechanisms that explain when and why we give in to impulse, the forces that govern our moral choices, and the thought processes that underlie unconscious stereotyping. ~ Anonymous,
1415:How did the name misfit even come about?" Sam asked. "It's so... dumb."
Willo laughed. "Well, it's really not," she said. "We used to call them all sorts of slang terms: kooks, greasers, killjoys, chumps, and we had to keep changing the name as times changed. We used nerds for a long time, and then we started calling them dweebs."
Willo hesitated. "And then a group of kids wasn't so nice to your mom."
"I had braces," Deana said. "I had pimples. I had a perm. You do the math."
She smiled briefly, but Sam could tell the pain was still there. Deana continued: "And I worked here most of the time so I really didn't get a chance to do a lot with friends after school. It was hard."
This time, Willo reached out to rub her daughter's leg. "Your mom was pretty down one Christmas," she said. "All of the kids were going on a ski trip to a resort in Boyne City, but she had to stay here and work during the holiday rush. She was moping around one night, lying on the couch and watching TV..."
"... stuffing holiday cookies in my mouth," Deana added.
"... and Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer came on. She was about to change the channel, but I made her sit back down and watch it with me. Remember the part about the Island of Misfit Toys?"
Sam nodded.
Willo continued. "All of those toys that were tossed away and didn't have a home because they were different: the Charlie-in-the-Box, the spotted elephant, the train with square wheels, the cowboy who rides an ostrich..."
"... the swimming bird," Sam added with a laugh.
"And I told your mom that all of those toys were magical and perfect because they were different," Willo said. "What made them different is what made them unique."
Sam looked at her mom, who gave her a timid smile.
"I walked in early the next morning to open the pie pantry, and your mom was already in there making donuts," Willo said. "She had a big plate of donuts that didn't turn out perfectly and she looked up at me and said, very quietly, 'I want to start calling them misfits.' When I asked her why, she said, 'They're as good as all the others, even if they look a bit different.' We haven't changed the name since. ~ Viola Shipman,
1416:Instructions for a Broken Heart
I will find a bare patch of earth, somewhere where the ruins have fallen away, somewhere where I can fit both hands, and I will dig a hole.
And into that hole, I will scream you, I will dump all the shadow places of my heart—the times you didn’t call when you said you’d call, the way you only half listened to my poems, your eyes on people coming through the swinging door of the café—not on me—your ears, not really turned toward me. For all those times I started to tell you about the fight with my dad or when my grandma died, and you said something about your car, something about the math test you flunked, as an answer. I will scream into that hole the silence of dark nights after you’d kissed me, how when I asked if something was wrong—and something was obviously so very wrong—how you said “nothing,” how you didn’t tell me until I had to see it in the dim light of a costume barn—so much wrong. I will scream all of it.
Then I will fill it in with dark earth, leave it here in Italy, so there will be an ocean between the hole and me.
Because then I can bring home a heart full of the light patches. A heart that sees the sunset you saw that night outside of Taco Bell, the way you pointed out that it made the trees seem on fire, a heart that holds the time your little brother fell on his bike at the fairgrounds and you had pockets full of bright colored Band-Aids and you kissed the bare skin of his knees. I will take that home with me. In my heart. I will take home your final Hamlet monologue on the dark stage when you cried closing night and it wasn’t really acting, you cried because you felt the words in you and on that bare stage you felt the way I feel every day of my life, every second, the way the words, the light and dark, the spotlight in your face, made you Hamlet for that brief hiccup of a moment, made you a poet, an artist at your core. I get to take Italy home with me, the Italy that showed me you and the Italy that showed me—me—the Italy that wrote me my very own instructions for a broken heart. And I get to leave the other heart in a hole.
We are over. I know this. But we are not blank. We were a beautiful building made of stone, crumbled now and covered in vines.
But not blank. Not forgotten. We are a history.
We are beauty out of ruins. ~ Kim Culbertson,
1417:Tell me this- if you could have a guarantee that your child would be a National Merit Scholar and get into a prestigious college, have good work habits and a successful career, but that your relationship with him would be destroyed in the process, would you do it? Why not? Because you are made to love, that's why. We care about our relationships more than about our accomplishments. That's the way God made us. Then why don't we live that way? Why, come a damp and gloomy day in March, do we yell over a  math lesson or lose our temper over a writing assignment? Why do we see the lessons left to finish and get lost in an anxiety-ridden haze? We forget that we are dealing with a soul, a precious child bearing the Image of God, and all we can see is that there are only a few months left to the school year and we are still only halfway through the math book. When you are performing mommy triage- that is, when you have a crisis moment and have to figure out which fire to put out first- always choose your child. It's just a math lesson. It's only a writing assignment. It's a Latin declension. Nothing more. But your child? He is God's. And the Almighty put him in your charge for relationship. Don't damage that relationship over something so trivial as an algebra problem. And when you do (because you will, and so will I), repent. We like to feed our egos. When our children perform well, we can puff up with satisfaction and pat ourselves on the back for a job well done. But as important as it is to give our children a solid education (and it is important, don't misunderstand me), it is far more important that we love them well.  Our children need to know that the most important thing about them is not whether they finished their science curriculum or score well on the SAT. Their worth is not bound up in a booklist or a test score. Take a moment. Take ten. Look deep into your child's eyes. Listen, even when you're bored. Break out a board game or an old picture book you haven't read in ages. Resting in Him means relaxing into the knowledge that He has put these children in our care to nurture. And nurturing looks different than charging through the checklist all angst-like. Your children are not ordinary kids or ordinary people, because there are no ordinary kids or ordinary people. They are little reflections of the ~ Sarah Mackenzie,
1418:Q: What are in your eyes the major defects in the West? A: The West has come to regard the values of freedom, the yardstick of human rights, as something Western. Many of them [westerns] specially in Europe take the values and the institutions on freedom, the institutions on science, curiosity, the individual, i mean, the rule of law and they’ve come to take that all for granted that they are not aware of the threat against it and not aware of the fact that you have to sustain it day by day as with all man made things. I mean, a building for example, the roof will leak, the paint will fall and you have to repaint it, you have to maintain it all the time it seems that people have forgotten that and perhaps part of the reason is because the generation that is now enjoying all the freedoms in the West is not the generations that built it; these are generations that inherited and like companies, family companies, often you’ll see the first generation or the second generation are almost always more passionate about the brand and the family company and name and keeping it all int he family and then the third generation live, use, take the money and they are either overtaken by bigger companies, swallowed up or they go bankrupt and I think there is an analogy there in that the generations after the second world war living today in Europe, United States may be different but I’m here much too short to say anything about it, is that there are people who are so complacent, they’ve always been free, they just no longer know what it is that freedom costs and for me that would be making the big mistake and you can see it. The education system in Europe where history is no longer an obligatory subject, science is no longer an obligatory subject, school systems have become about, look at Holland, our country where they have allowed parents, in the name of freedom, to build their own schools that we now have schools founded on what the child wants so if the child wants to play all day long then that is an individual freedom of the child and so it’s up to the child to decide whether to do math or to clay and now in our country in Holland, in the name of freedom of education, the state pays for these schools and I was raving against muslim schools and i thought about this cuz i was like you know ok in muslin schools at least they learn to count. ~ Ayaan Hirsi Ali,
1419:Chris Argyris, professor emeritus at Harvard Business School, wrote a lovely article in 1977,191 in which he looked at the performance of Harvard Business School graduates ten years after graduation. By and large, they got stuck in middle management, when they had all hoped to become CEOs and captains of industry. What happened? Argyris found that when they inevitably hit a roadblock, their ability to learn collapsed: What’s more, those members of the organization that many assume to be the best at learning are, in fact, not very good at it. I am talking about the well-educated, high-powered, high-commitment professionals who occupy key leadership positions in the modern corporation.… Put simply, because many professionals are almost always successful at what they do, they rarely experience failure. And because they have rarely failed, they have never learned how to learn from failure.… [T]hey become defensive, screen out criticism, and put the “blame” on anyone and everyone but themselves. In short, their ability to learn shuts down precisely at the moment they need it the most.192 [italics mine] A year or two after Wave, Jeff Huber was running our Ads engineering team. He had a policy that any notable bug or mistake would be discussed at his team meeting in a “What did we learn?” session. He wanted to make sure that bad news was shared as openly as good news, so that he and his leaders were never blind to what was really happening and to reinforce the importance of learning from mistakes. In one session, a mortified engineer confessed, “Jeff, I screwed up a line of code and it cost us a million dollars in revenue.” After leading the team through the postmortem and fixes, Jeff concluded, “Did we get more than a million dollars in learning out of this?” “Yes.” “Then get back to work.”193 And it works in other settings too. A Bay Area public school, the Bullis Charter School in Los Altos, takes this approach to middle school math. If a child misses a question on a math test, they can try the question again for half credit. As their principal, Wanny Hersey, told me, “These are smart kids, but in life they are going to hit walls once in a while. It’s vital they master geometry, algebra one, and algebra two, but it’s just as important that they respond to failure by trying again instead of giving up.” In the 2012–2013 academic year, Bullis was the third-highest-ranked middle school in California.194 ~ Laszlo Bock,
1420:unsolicited advice to adolescent girls with crooked teeth and pink hair

When your mother hits you, do not strike back. When the boys call asking your cup size, say A, hang up. When he says you gave him blue balls, say you’re welcome. When a girl with thick black curls who smells like bubble gum stops you in a stairwell to ask if you’re a boy, explain that you keep your hair short so she won’t have anything to grab when you head-butt her. Then head-butt her. When a guidance counselor teases you for handed-down jeans, do not turn red. When you have sex for the second time and there is no condom, do not convince yourself that screwing between layers of underwear will soak up the semen. When your geometry teacher posts a banner reading: “Learn math or go home and learn how to be a Momma,” do not take your first feminist stand by leaving the classroom. When the boy you have a crush on is sent to detention, go home. When your mother hits you, do not strike back. When the boy with the blue mohawk swallows your heart and opens his wrists, hide the knives, bleach the bathtub, pour out the vodka. Every time. When the skinhead girls jump you in a bathroom stall, swing, curse, kick, do not turn red. When a boy you think you love delivers the first black eye, use a screw driver, a beer bottle, your two good hands. When your father locks the door, break the window. When a college professor writes you poetry and whispers about your tight little ass, do not take it as a compliment, do not wait, call the Dean, call his wife. When a boy with good manners and a thirst for Budweiser proposes, say no. When your mother hits you, do not strike back. When the boys tell you how good you smell, do not doubt them, do not turn red. When your brother tells you he is gay, pretend you already know. When the girl on the subway curses you because your tee shirt reads: “I fucked your boyfriend,” assure her that it is not true. When your dog pees the rug, kiss her, apologize for being late. When he refuses to stay the night because you live in Jersey City, do not move. When he refuses to stay the night because you live in Harlem, do not move. When he refuses to stay the night because your air conditioner is broken, leave him. When he refuses to keep a toothbrush at your apartment, leave him. When you find the toothbrush you keep at his apartment hidden in the closet, leave him. Do not regret this. Do not turn red. When your mother hits you, do not strike back. ~ Jeanann Verlee,
1421:Mandana Misra was a great scholar and authority on the Vedas and Mimasa. He led a householder’s life (grihastha), with his scholar-philosopher wife, Ubhaya Bharati, in the town of Mahishi, in what is present-day northern Bihar. Husband and wife would have great debates on the veracity of the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Gita and other philosophical works. Scholars from all over Bharatavarsha came to debate and understand the Shastras with them. It is said that even the parrots in Mandana’s home debated the divinity, or its lack, in the Vedas and Upanishads. Mandana was a staunch believer in rituals. One day, while he was performing Pitru Karma (rituals for deceased ancestors), Adi Shankaracharya arrived at his home and demanded a debate on Advaita. Mandana was angry at the rude intrusion and asked the Acharya whether he was not aware, as a Brahmin, that it was inauspicious to come to another Brahmin’s home uninvited when Pitru Karma was being done? In reply, Adi Shankara asked Mandana whether he was sure of the value of such rituals. This enraged Mandana and the other Brahmins present. Thus began one of the most celebrated debates in Hindu thought. It raged for weeks between the two great scholars. As the only other person of equal intellect to Shankara and Mandana was Mandana’s wife, Ubhaya Bharati, she was appointed the adjudicator. Among other things, Shankara convinced Mandana that the rituals for the dead had little value to the dead. Mandana became Adi Shankara’s disciple (and later the first Shankaracharya of the Sringeri Math in Karnataka). When the priest related this story to me, I was shocked. He was not giving me the answer I had expected. Annoyed, I asked him what he meant by the story if Adi Shankara himself said such rituals were of no use to the dead. The priest replied, “Son, the story has not ended.” And he continued... A few years later, Adi Shankara was compiling the rituals for the dead, to standardize them for people across Bharatavarsha. Mandana, upset with his Guru’s action, asked Adi Shankara why he was involved with such a useless thing. After all, the Guru had convinced him of the uselessness of such rituals (Lord Krishna also mentions the inferiority of Vedic sacrifice to other paths, in the Gita. Pitru karma has no vedic base either). Why then was the Jagad Guru taking such a retrograde step? Adi Shankaracharya smiled at his disciple and answered, “The rituals are not for the dead but for the loved ones left behind. ~ Anand Neelakantan,
1422:One way to try to answer the question “What makes us human?” is to ask “What makes us different from great apes?” or, to be more precise, from nonhuman apes, since, of course, humans are apes. As just about every human by now knows—and as the experiments with Dokana once again confirm—nonhuman apes are extremely clever. They’re capable of making inferences, of solving complex puzzles, and of understanding what other apes are (and are not) likely to know. When researchers from Leipzig performed a battery of tests on chimpanzees, orangutans, and two-and-a-half-year-old children, they found that the chimps, the orangutans, and the kids performed comparably on a wide range of tasks that involved understanding of the physical world. For example, if an experimenter placed a reward inside one of three cups, and then moved the cups around, the apes found the goody just as often as the kids—indeed, in the case of chimps, more often. The apes seemed to grasp quantity as well as the kids did—they consistently chose the dish containing more treats, even when the choice involved using what might loosely be called math—and also seemed to have just as good a grasp of causality. (The apes, for instance, understood that a cup that rattled when shaken was more likely to contain food than one that did not.) And they were equally skillful at manipulating simple tools. Where the kids routinely outscored the apes was in tasks that involved reading social cues. When the children were given a hint about where to find a reward—someone pointing to or looking at the right container—they took it. The apes either didn’t understand that they were being offered help or couldn’t follow the cue. Similarly, when the children were shown how to obtain a reward, by, say, ripping open a box, they had no trouble grasping the point and imitating the behavior. The apes, once again, were flummoxed. Admittedly, the kids had a big advantage in the social realm, since the experimenters belonged to their own species. But, in general, apes seem to lack the impulse toward collective problem-solving that’s so central to human society. “Chimps do a lot of incredibly smart things,” Michael Tomasello, who heads the institute’s department of developmental and comparative psychology, told me. “But the main difference we’ve seen is 'putting our heads together.' If you were at the zoo today, you would never have seen two chimps carry something heavy together. They don’t have this kind of collaborative project. ~ Elizabeth Kolbert,
1423:You whom I could not save,
Listen to me.

Can we agree Kevlar
backpacks shouldn’t be needed

for children walking to school?
Those same children

also shouldn’t require a suit
of armor when standing

on their front lawns, or snipers
to watch their backs

as they eat at McDonalds.
They shouldn’t have to stop

to consider the speed
of a bullet or how it might

reshape their bodies. But
one winter, back in Detroit,

I had one student
who opened a door and died.

It was the front
door to his house, but

it could have been any door,
and the bullet could have written

any name. The shooter
was thirteen years old

and was aiming
at someone else. But

a bullet doesn’t care
about “aim,” it doesn’t

distinguish between
the innocent and the innocent,

and how was the bullet
supposed to know this

child would open the door
at the exact wrong moment

because his friend
was outside and screaming

for help. Did I say
I had “one” student who

opened a door and died?
That’s wrong.

There were many.
The classroom of grief

had far more seats
than the classroom for math

though every student
in the classroom for math

could count the names
of the dead.

A kid opens a door. The bullet
couldn’t possibly know,

nor could the gun, because
“guns don’t kill people,” they don’t

have minds to decide
such things, they don’t choose

or have a conscience,
and when a man doesn’t

have a conscience, we call him
a psychopath. This is how

we know what type of assault rifle
a man can be,

and how we discover
the hell that thrums inside

each of them. Today,
there’s another

shooting with dead
kids everywhere. It was a school,

a movie theater, a parking lot.
The world

is full of doors.
And you, whom I cannot save,

you may open a door

and enter a meadow, or a eulogy.
And if the latter, you will be

mourned, then buried
in rhetoric.

There will be
monuments of legislation,

little flowers made
from red tape.

What should we do? we’ll ask
again. The earth will close

like a door above you.
What should we do?

And that click you hear?
That’s just our voices,

the deadbolt of discourse
sliding into place. ~ Matthew Olzmann,
1424:Here was my first lesson: This type of skill development is hard. When I got to the first tricky gap in the paper’s main proof argument, I faced immediate internal resistance. It was as if my mind realized the effort I was about to ask it to expend, and in response it unleashed a wave of neuronal protest, distant at first, but then as I persisted increasingly tremendous, crashing over my concentration with mounting intensity. To combat this resistance, I deployed two types of structure. The first type was time structure: “I am going to work on this for one hour,” I would tell myself. “I don’t care if I faint from the effort, or make no progress, for the next hour this is my whole world.” But of course I wouldn’t faint and eventually I would make progress. It took, on average, ten minutes for the waves of resistance to die down. Those ten minutes were always difficult, but knowing that my efforts had a time limit helped ensure that the difficulty was manageable. The second type of structure I deployed was information structure—a way of capturing the results of my hard focus in a useful form. I started by building a proof map that captured the dependencies between the different pieces of the proof. This was hard, but not too hard, and it got me warmed up in my efforts to understand the result. I then advanced from the maps to short self-administered quizzes that forced me to memorize the key definitions the proof used. Again, this was a relatively easy task, but it still took concentration, and the result was an understanding that was crucial for parsing the detailed math that came next. After these first two steps, emboldened by my initial successes in deploying hard focus, I moved on to the big guns: proof summaries. This is where I forced myself to take each lemma and walk through each step of its proofs—filling in missing steps. I would conclude by writing a detailed summary in my own words. This was staggeringly demanding, but the fact that I had already spent time on easier tasks in the paper built up enough momentum to help push me forward. I returned to this paper regularly over a period of two weeks. When I was done, I had probably experienced fifteen hours total of deliberate practice–style strain, but due to its intensity it felt like much more. Fortunately, this effort led to immediate benefits. Among other things, it allowed me to understand whole swaths of related work that had previously been mysterious. The researchers who wrote this paper had enjoyed a near monopoly on solving this style of problem—now I could join them. ~ Cal Newport,
1425:Jo!” I heard a voice call.
I straightened just in time to see Alex dash up the front walk.
“I thought you had practice,” I said.
“Cancelled,” Alex said shortly. He made the front porch and pushed back the hood of the sweatshirt he had on beneath his letterman’s jacket. His breathing was quick, as if he’d run all the way from school. “I tried to catch you guys but you’d already gone.”
“Elaine’s at her house,” I said.
Alex gave an exasperated laugh and moved to put his hands on my shoulders, a thing that pretty much made me forget all about my dad’s car in the drive. Apparently Alex had decided that the waiting period was over.
“I didn’t sprint ten blocks to see Elaine,” he said. “I came to see you. There’s something I want to ask you, Jo.”
“No, you can’t borrow my math homework,” I said.
“Shut up, you idiot,” Alex said, giving me a shake. “I want you to go with me to the prom.”
I opened my mouth, then closed it again. An action which no doubt made me look exactly like a fish out of water.
“That wasn’t a question,” I finally said.
Alex rolled his eyes. “Do you want to know why I like you?” he asked. “It took me a while, but I figured it out. It’s because you’re so impossible.”
A laugh bubbled up and out before I could stop it.
“Impossible,” I repeated. “What about annoying?”
“That too,” Alex nodded. “You’re impossible and annoying and unpredictable. Will you please go with me to the prom?”
“Aren’t you worried about what will happen if I say yes?” I asked.
“Uh-uh,” Alex shook his head. “I’m only worried that you’ll say no.”
“I’m not going to do that,” I answered steadily. “Thank you, Alex. I’d love to go with you to the prom.”
For a moment, he simply stood, his hands on my shoulders. “You’d better hold still,” he warned.
“Why’s that?”
“Because I’m going to kiss you now.”
Words failed me. Which turned out to be a very good thing as, for the next few minutes, I needed my lips for something else anyhow.
The kiss ended and Alex eased back. There was an expression on his face I’d never seen before. Sort of startled and blank all at once, as if he’d just discovered something he hadn’t expected but couldn’t quite put a name to.
“Well,” he said.
“Bet you say that to all the girls,” I replied.
“I’m that obvious, huh?”
“Actually, no.”
“Now who’s being nice?” Alex said. He stuck his hands in his pockets. “So, I guess I’ll see you tomorrow.”
“Okay,” I said. He turned, and I watched him sprint off down the walk. It was only then that I realized I was still clutching my sopping wet shoes.
Very smooth, Jo. No wonder the guy can’t resist you, I thought. ~ Cameron Dokey,
1426:Helen, a junior high math teacher in Minnesota, spent most of the school week teaching a difficult “new math” lesson. She could tell her students were frustrated and restless by week’s end. They were becoming rowdy so she told them to put their books away. She then instructed the class to take out clean sheets of paper. She gave each of them this assignment: Write down every one of your classmates’ names on the left, and then, on the right, put down one thing you like about that student.
The tense and rowdy mood subsided and the room quieted when the students went to work. Their moods lifted as they dug into the assignment. There was frequent laughter and giggling. They looked around the room, sharing quips about one another. Helen’s class was a much happier group when the bell signaled the end of the school day.
She took their lists home over the weekend and spent both days off recording what was said about each student on separate sheets of paper so she could pass on all the nice things said about each person without giving away who said what.
The next Monday she handed out the lists she’d made for each student. The room buzzed with excitement and laughter.
“Wow. Thanks! This is the coolest!”
“I didn’t think anyone even noticed me!”
“Someone thinks I’m beautiful?”
Helen had come up with the exercise just to settle down her class, but it ended up giving them a big boost. They grew closer as classmates and more confident as individuals. She could tell they all seemed more relaxed and joyful.
About ten years later, Helen learned that one of her favorite students in that class, a charming boy named Mark, had been killed while serving in Vietnam. She received an invitation to the funeral from Mark’s parents, who included a note saying they wanted to be sure she came to their farmhouse after the services to speak with them.
Helen arrived and the grieving parents took her aside. The father showed her Mark’s billfold and then from it he removed two worn pieces of lined paper that had been taped, folded, and refolded many times over the years. Helen recognized her handwriting on the paper and tears came to her eyes.
Mark’s parents said he’d always carried the list of nice things written by his classmates. “Thank you so much for doing that,” his mother said. “He treasured it, as you can see.”
Still teary-eyed, Helen walked into the kitchen where many of Mark’s former junior high classmates were assembled. They saw that Mark’s parents had his list from that class. One by one, they either produced their own copies from wallets and purses or they confessed to keeping theirs in an album, drawer, diary, or file at home. ~ Joel Osteen,
1427:I’ve always been very Type-A, so a friend of mine got me into cycling when I was living in L.A. I lived right on the beach in Santa Monica, where there’s this great bike path in the sand that goes for, I think, 25 miles. I’d go onto the bike path, and I would [go] head down and push it—just red-faced huffing, all the way, pushing it as hard as I could. I would go all the way down to one end of the bike path and back, and then head home, and I’d set my little timer when doing this. . . .

“I noticed it was always 43 minutes. That’s what it took me to go as fast as I could on that bike path. But I noticed that, over time, I was starting to feel less psyched about going out on the bike path. Because mentally, when I would think of it, it would feel like pain and hard work. . . . So, then I thought, ‘You know, it’s not cool for me to associate negative stuff with going on the bike ride. Why don’t I just chill? For once, I’m gonna go on the same bike ride, and I’m not going to be a complete snail, but I’ll go at half of my normal pace.’ I got on my bike, and it was just pleasant.

“I went on the same bike ride, and I noticed that I was standing up, and I was looking around more. I looked into the ocean, and I saw there were these dolphins jumping in the ocean, and I went down to Marina del Rey, to my turnaround point, and I noticed in Marina del Rey, that there was a pelican that was flying above me. I looked up. I was like, ‘Hey, a pelican!’ and he shit in my mouth.

“So, the point is: I had such a nice time. It was purely pleasant. There was no red face, there was no huffing. And when I got back to my usual stopping place, I looked at my watch, and it said 45 minutes. I thought, ‘How the hell could that have been 45 minutes, as opposed to my usual 43? There’s no way.’ But it was right: 45 minutes. That was a profound lesson that changed the way I’ve approached my life ever since. . . .

“We could do the math, [but] whatever, 93-something-percent of my huffing and puffing, and all that red face and all that stress was only for an extra 2 minutes. It was basically for nothing. . . . [So,] for life, I think of all of this maximization—getting the maximum dollar out of everything, the maximum out of every second, the maximum out of every minute—you don’t need to stress about any of this stuff. Honestly, that’s been my approach ever since. I do things, but I stop before anything gets stressful. . . .

“You notice this internal ‘Argh.’ That’s my cue. I treat that like physical pain. What am I doing? I need to stop doing that thing that hurts. What is that? And, it usually means that I’m just pushing too hard, or doing things that I don’t really want to be doing. ~ Derek Sivers,
1428:The remaining part of the first description consist of low-energy open strings moving on the three-branes. We recall from Chapter 4 that low-energy strings are well described by point particle quantum field theory, and that is the case here. The particular kind of quantum field theory involves a number of sophisticated mathematical ingredients (and it has an ungainly characterization: conformally invariant supersymmetric quantum gauge field theory), but two vital characteristics are readily understood. The absence of closed strings ensures the absence of the gravitational field. And, because the strings can move only on the tightly sandwiched three-dimensional branes, the quantum field theory lives in three spatial dimensions (in addition to the one dimension of time, for a total of four spacetime dimensions).

The remaining part of the second description consists of closed strings, executing any vibrational pattern, as long as they are close enough to the black branes' event horizon to appear lethargic-that is, to appear to have low energy. Such strings, although limited in how far they stray from the black stack, still vibrate and move through nine dimensions of space (in addition to one dimension of time, for a total of ten spacetime dimensions). And because this sector is built from closed strings, it contains the force of gravity.

However different the two perspectives might seem, they're describing one and the same physical situation, so they must agree. This leads to a thoroughly bizarre conclusion. A particular nongravitational, point particle quantum field theory in four spacetime dimensions (the first perspective) describes the same physics as strings, including gravity, moving through a particular swath of ten spacetime dimensions (the second perspective). This would seem as far-fetched as claiming...Well, honestly, I've tried, and I can't come up with any two things int he real world more dissimilar than these two theories. But Maldacena followed the math, in the manner we've outlined, and ran smack into this conclusion.

The sheer strangeness of the result-and the audacity of the claim-isn't lessened by the fact that it takes but a moment to place it within the line of thought developed earlier in this chapter. As schematically illustrated in Figure 9.5, the gravity of the black brane slab imparts a curved shape to the ten-dimensional spacetime swath in its vicinity (the details are secondary, but the curved spacetime is called anti-de Sitter five-space times the five sphere); the black brane is itself the boundary of this space. And so, Maldacena's result is that string theory within the bulf of this spacetime shape is identical to a quantum field theory living on its boundary.

This is holography come to life. ~ Brian Greene,
1429:Can you say why America is the greatest country in the world?
It’s not the greatest country in the world. That’s my answer… [turns to a panelist] Sharon, the NEA is a loser. Yeah, it accounts for a penny out of our paycheck, but he gets to hit you with it anytime he wants. It doesn’t cost money, it costs votes. It costs airtime and column inches. You know why people don’t like liberals? Because they lose. If liberals are so fucking smart, how come they lose so goddamn always? [turns to another panelist] And with a straight face, you’re gonna tell students that America is so star-spangled awesome that we’re the only ones in the world who have freedom? Canada has freedom. Japan has freedom. The UK, France, Italy, Germany, Spain, Australia, Belgium has freedom! So, 207 sovereign states in the world, like 180 of them have freedom. [turns to the student who asked the question] And yeah, you… sorority girl. Just in case you accidentally wander into a voting booth one day, there’s some things you should know. One of them is: there’s absolutely no evidence to support the statement that we’re the greatest country in the world. We’re 7th in literacy, 27th in math, 22nd in science, 49th in life expectancy, 178th in infant mortality, 3rd in median household income, number 4 in labor force and number 4 in exports. We lead the world in only three categories: number of incarcerated citizens per capita, number of adults who believe angels are real and defense spending, where we spend more than the next 26 countries combined, 25 of whom are allies. Now, none of this is the fault of a 20-year-old college student, but you, nonetheless, are, without a doubt, a member of the worst period generation period ever period, so when you ask what makes us the greatest country in the world, I don’t know what the fuck you’re talking about! Yosemite?!
[Silence]
It sure used to be… We stood up for what was right. We fought for moral reason. We passed laws, struck down laws, for moral reason. We waged wars on poverty, not on poor people. We sacrificed, we cared about our neighbors, we put our money where our mouths were and we never beat our chest. We built great, big things, made ungodly technological advances, explored the universe, cured diseases and we cultivated the world’s greatest artists AND the world’s greatest economy. We reached for the stars, acted like men. We aspired to intelligence, we didn’t belittle it. It didn’t make us feel inferior. We didn’t identify ourselves by who we voted for in the last election and we didn’t scare so easy. We were able to be all these things and do all these things because we were informed… by great men, men who were revered. First step in solving any problem is recognizing there is one. America is not the greatest country in the world anymore. ~ Aaron Sorkin,
1430:Without moving apart, Zev moaned and whispered into Jonah’s

mouth, “Damn, Blondie, you’re a great kisser.”

Jonah moved his arms up to Zev’s back, wrapping the young man

in his embrace and stroking his smooth, firm skin. “You’re not so bad

yourself, Hassick. You been practicing this with someone without me

knowing?”

Zev snickered. “You jealous?”

Jonah didn’t return the smile. He looked into Zev’s eyes and

answered without any guile, “Yeah. I’m jealous of anyone who got to

touch you.”

Instead of looking freaked out, as Jonah had half expected, Zev

remained completely calm. He gazed into Jonah’s eyes with such

powerful emotion that Jonah’s heart raced and his breath hitched.

“Unless you can manage being jealous of yourself, you don’t

have to worry. Like I told you yesterday, I haven’t ever thought about

anyone else—girls or guys—let alone touched anyone else. It’s just

you, Blondie. It’s always been you.” Zev let his words sink in, then he reversed the tables on the discussion. “What about you? Been hiding

out behind the bleachers sneaking kisses with cheerleaders?”

Jonah snorted more than laughed. “Uh, Zev, I was teasing about

the whole not-so-smart thing earlier, but now I’m thinking I may have

been on to something. That hardness you feel against your stomach

isn’t a banana. That’s me happy to see you, or feel you, in this case.

And you’re a guy. With that background in place, we can add two and

two together here and even someone with your limited math skills can

come up with the correct answer. I’m gay. I’ve got no deep dark

cheerleader secrets in my past.”

Zev was amazed at how easily Jonah said the words. He admired

how his friend so completely accepted this part of himself. No shame,

no hesitation. Just a matter-of-fact statement. In that moment, Zev

decided he’d take the same approach. He knew it’d shock his parents.

Hell, it’d rock his whole community. But he was attracted to a man. He

had a male mate. That meant he was gay. Zev Hassick was a gay

shifter. The pack would just have to find a way to deal with that truth

even though they’d always believed it to be impossible.

“And in case you’re wondering,” Jonah continued, his hand still

rubbing Zev’s back but now moving lower, skating over his ass, “I

don’t have any deep dark football player secrets, either. I’ve had a

crush on one guy for as long as I can remember and I kinda put all my

eggs in that basket.”

Zev took another kiss, slow, soft and sweet this time.

“I better be the egg-basket guy in that story, Blondie, or the

tickles are coming back in full force. ~ Cardeno C,
1431:Deacon met my glare with an impish grin. “Anyway, did you celebrate Valentine’s Day when you were slumming with the mortals?”

I blinked. “Not really. Why?”

Aiden snorted and then disappeared into one of the rooms.

“Follow me,” Deacon said. “You’re going to love this. I just know it.”

I followed him down the dimly-lit corridor that was sparsely decorated. We passed several closed doors and a spiral staircase. Deacon went through an archway and stopped, reaching along the wall. Light flooded the room. It was a typical sunroom, with floor-to-ceiling glass windows, wicker furniture, and colorful plants.

Deacon stopped by a small potted plant sitting on a ceramic coffee table. It looked like a miniature pine tree that was missing several limbs. Half the needles were scattered in and around the pot. One red Christmas bulb hung from the very top branch, causing the tree to tilt to the right.

“What do you think?” Deacon asked.

“Um… well, that’s a really different Christmas tree, but I’m not sure what that has to do with Valentine’s Day.”

“It’s sad,” Aiden said, strolling into the room. “It’s actually embarrassing to look at. What kind of tree is it, Deacon?”

He beamed. “It’s called a Charlie Brown Christmas Tree.”

Aiden rolled his eyes. “Deacon digs this thing out every year. The pine isn’t even real. And he leaves it up from Thanksgiving to Valentine’s Day. Which thank the gods is the day after tomorrow. That means he’ll be taking it down.”

I ran my fingers over the plastic needles. “I’ve seen the cartoon.”

Deacon sprayed something from an aerosol can. “It’s my MHT tree.”

“MHT tree?” I questioned.

“Mortal Holiday Tree,” Deacon explained, and smiled. “It covers the three major holidays. During Thanksgiving it gets a brown bulb, a green one for Christmas, and a red one for Valentine’s Day.”

“What about New Year’s Eve?”

He lowered his chin. “Now, is that really a holiday?”

“The mortals think so.” I folded my arms.

“But they’re wrong. The New Year is during the summer solstice,” Deacon said. “Their math is completely off, like most of their customs. For example, did you know that Valentine’s Day wasn’t actually about love until Geoffrey Chaucer did his whole courtly love thing in the High Middle Ages?”

“You guys are so weird.” I grinned at the brothers.

“That we are,” Aiden replied. “Come on, I’ll show you your room.”

“Hey Alex,” Deacon called. “We’re making cookies tomorrow, since it’s Valentine’s Eve.”

Making cookies on Valentine’s Eve? I didn’t even know if there was such a thing as Valentine’s Eve. I laughed as I followed Aiden out of the room. “You two really are opposites.”

“I’m cooler!” Deacon yelled from his Mortal Holiday Tree room ~ Jennifer L Armentrout,
1432:But are challenge and love enough? Not quite. All great teachers teach students how to reach the high standards. Collins and Esquith didn’t hand their students a reading list and wish them bon voyage. Collins’s students read and discussed every line of Macbeth in class. Esquith spent hours planning what chapters they would read in class. “I know which child will handle the challenge of the most difficult paragraphs, and carefully plan a passage for the shy youngster … who will begin his journey as a good reader. Nothing is left to chance.… It takes enormous energy, but to be in a room with young minds who hang on every word of a classic book and beg for more if I stop makes all the planning worthwhile.” What are they teaching the students en route? To love learning. To eventually learn and think for themselves. And to work hard on the fundamentals. Esquith’s class often met before school, after school, and on school vacations to master the fundamentals of English and math, especially as the work got harder. His motto: “There are no shortcuts.” Collins echoes that idea as she tells her class, “There is no magic here. Mrs. Collins is no miracle worker. I do not walk on water, I do not part the sea. I just love children and work harder than a lot of people, and so will you.” DeLay expected a lot from her students, but she, too, guided them there. Most students are intimidated by the idea of talent, and it keeps them in a fixed mindset. But DeLay demystified talent. One student was sure he couldn’t play a piece as fast as Itzhak Perlman. So she didn’t let him see the metronome until he had achieved it. “I know so surely that if he had been handling that metronome, as he approached that number he would have said to himself, I can never do this as fast as Itzhak Perlman, and he would have stopped himself.” Another student was intimidated by the beautiful sound made by talented violinists. “We were working on my sound, and there was this one note I played, and Miss DeLay stopped me and said, ‘Now that is a beautiful sound.’ ” She then explained how every note has to have a beautiful beginning, middle, and end, leading into the next note. And he thought, “Wow! If I can do it there, I can do it everywhere.” Suddenly the beautiful sound of Perlman made sense and was not just an overwhelming concept. When students don’t know how to do something and others do, the gap seems unbridgeable. Some educators try to reassure their students that they’re just fine as they are. Growth-minded teachers tell students the truth and then give them the tools to close the gap. As Marva Collins said to a boy who was clowning around in class, “You are in sixth grade and your reading score is 1.1. I don’t hide your scores in a folder. I tell them to you so you know what you have to do. Now your clowning days are over.” Then they got down to work. ~ Carol S Dweck,
1433:Ethan’s parents constantly told him how brainy he was. “You’re so smart! You can do anything, Ethan. We are so proud of you, they would say every time he sailed through a math test. Or a spelling test. Or any test. With the best of intentions, they consistently tethered Ethan’s accomplishment to some innate characteristic of his intellectual prowess. Researchers call this “appealing to fixed mindsets.” The parents had no idea that this form of praise was toxic.

  Little Ethan quickly learned that any academic achievement that required no effort was the behavior that defined his gift. When he hit junior high school, he ran into subjects that did require effort. He could no longer sail through, and, for the first time, he started making mistakes. But he did not see these errors as opportunities for improvement. After all, he was smart because he could mysteriously grasp things quickly. And if he could no longer grasp things quickly, what did that imply? That he was no longer smart. Since he didn’t know the ingredients making him successful, he didn’t know what to do when he failed. You don’t have to hit that brick wall very often before you get discouraged, then depressed. Quite simply, Ethan quit trying. His grades collapsed.


What happens when you say, ‘You’re so smart’

  Research shows that Ethan’s unfortunate story is typical of kids regularly praised for some fixed characteristic. If you praise your child this way, three things are statistically likely to happen:

  First, your child will begin to perceive mistakes as failures. Because you told her that success was due to some static ability over which she had no control, she will start to think of failure (such as a bad grade) as a static thing, too—now perceived as a lack of ability. Successes are thought of as gifts rather than the governable product of effort.

  Second, perhaps as a reaction to the first, she will become more concerned with looking smart than with actually learning something. (Though Ethan was intelligent, he was more preoccupied with breezing through and appearing smart to the people who mattered to him. He developed little regard for learning.)

  Third, she will be less willing to confront the reasons behind any deficiencies, less willing to make an effort. Such kids have a difficult time admitting errors. There is simply too much at stake for failure.

   

  What to say instead: ‘You really worked hard’

  What should Ethan’s parents have done? Research shows a simple solution. Rather than praising him for being smart, they should have praised him for working hard. On the successful completion of a test, they should not have said,“I’m so proud of you. You’re so smart. They should have said, “I’m so proud of you. You must have really studied hard”. This appeals to controllable effort rather than to unchangeable talent. It’s called “growth mindset” praise. ~ John Medina,
1434:Reason #1: Downtime Aids Insights Consider the following excerpt from a 2006 paper that appeared in the journal Science: The scientific literature has emphasized the benefits of conscious deliberation in decision making for hundreds of years… The question addressed here is whether this view is justified. We hypothesize that it is not. Lurking in this bland statement is a bold claim. The authors of this study, led by the Dutch psychologist Ap Dijksterhuis, set out to prove that some decisions are better left to your unconscious mind to untangle. In other words, to actively try to work through these decisions will lead to a worse outcome than loading up the relevant information and then moving on to something else while letting the subconscious layers of your mind mull things over. Dijksterhuis’s team isolated this effect by giving subjects the information needed for a complex decision regarding a car purchase. Half the subjects were told to think through the information and then make the best decision. The other half were distracted by easy puzzles after they read the information, and were then put on the spot to make a decision without having had time to consciously deliberate. The distracted group ended up performing better. Observations from experiments such as this one led Dijksterhuis and his collaborators to introduce unconscious thought theory (UTT)—an attempt to understand the different roles conscious and unconscious deliberation play in decision making. At a high level, this theory proposes that for decisions that require the application of strict rules, the conscious mind must be involved. For example, if you need to do a math calculation, only your conscious mind is able to follow the precise arithmetic rules needed for correctness. On the other hand, for decisions that involve large amounts of information and multiple vague, and perhaps even conflicting, constraints, your unconscious mind is well suited to tackle the issue. UTT hypothesizes that this is due to the fact that these regions of your brain have more neuronal bandwidth available, allowing them to move around more information and sift through more potential solutions than your conscious centers of thinking. Your conscious mind, according to this theory, is like a home computer on which you can run carefully written programs that return correct answers to limited problems, whereas your unconscious mind is like Google’s vast data centers, in which statistical algorithms sift through terabytes of unstructured information, teasing out surprising useful solutions to difficult questions. The implication of this line of research is that providing your conscious brain time to rest enables your unconscious mind to take a shift sorting through your most complex professional challenges. A shutdown habit, therefore, is not necessarily reducing the amount of time you’re engaged in productive work, but is instead diversifying the type of work you deploy. ~ Cal Newport,
1435:Asians are still a small minority—14.5 million (including about one million identified as part Asian) or 4.7 percent of the population—but their impact is vastly disproportionate to their numbers. Forty-four percent of Asian-American adults have a college degree or higher, as opposed to 24 percent of the general population. Asian men have median earnings 10 percent higher than non Asian men, and that of Asian women is 15 percent higher than non-Asian women. Forty-five percent of Asians are employed in professional or management jobs as opposed to 34 percent for the country as a whole, and the figure is no less than 60 percent for Asian Indians.
The Information Technology Association of America estimates that in the high-tech workforce Asians are represented at three times their proportion of the population. Asians are more likely than the American average to own homes rather than be renters. These successes are especially remarkable because no fewer than 69 percent of Asians are foreign-born, and immigrant groups have traditionally taken several generations to reach their full economic potential. Asians are vastly overrepresented at the best American universities. Although less than 5 percent of the population they account for the following percentages of the students at these universities: Harvard: 17 percent, Yale: 13 percent, Princeton: 12 percent, Columbia: 14 percent, Stanford: 25 percent.
In California, the state with the largest number of Asians, they made up 14 percent of the 2005 high school graduating class but 42 percent of the freshmen on the campuses of the University of California system.
At Berkeley, the most selective of all the campuses, the 2005 freshman class was an astonishing 48 percent Asian.
Asians are also the least likely of any racial or ethnic group to commit crimes. In every category, whether violent crime, white-collar crime, alcohol, or sex offenses, they are arrested at about one-quarter to one-third the rate of whites, who are the next most law-abiding group.
It would be a mistake, however, to paint all Asians with the same brush, as different nationalities can have distinctive profiles. For example, 40 percent of the manicurists in the United States are of Vietnamese origin and half the motel rooms in the country are owned by Asian Indians.
Chinese (24 percent of all Asians) and Indians (16 percent), are extremely successful, as are Japanese and Koreans. Filipinos (18 percent) are somewhat less so, while the Hmong face considerable difficulties. Hmong earn 30 percent less than the national average, and 60 percent drop out of high school.
In the Seattle public schools, 80 percent of Japanese-American students passed Washington state’s standardized math test for 10th-graders—the highest pass rate for any ethnic group. The group with the lowest pass rate—14 percent—was another “Asian/Pacific Islanders” category: Samoans.
On the whole, Asians have a well-deserved reputation for high achievement. ~ Jared Taylor,
1436:On Rachel's show for November 7, 2012:

Ohio really did go to President Obama last night. and he really did win. And he really was born in Hawaii. And he really is legitimately President of the United States, again. And the Bureau of Labor statistics did not make up a fake unemployment rate last month. And the congressional research service really can find no evidence that cutting taxes on rich people grows the economy. And the polls were not screwed to over-sample Democrats. And Nate Silver was not making up fake projections about the election to make conservatives feel bad; Nate Silver was doing math. And climate change is real. And rape really does cause pregnancy, sometimes. And evolution is a thing. And Benghazi was an attack on us, it was not a scandal by us. And nobody is taking away anyone's guns. And taxes have not gone up. And the deficit is dropping, actually. And Saddam Hussein did not have weapons of mass destruction. And the moon landing was real. And FEMA is not building concentration camps. And you and election observers are not taking over Texas. And moderate reforms of the regulations on the insurance industry and the financial services industry in this country are not the same thing as communism.

Listen, last night was a good night for liberals and for democrats for very obvious reasons, but it was also, possibly, a good night for this country as a whole. Because in this country, we have a two-party system in government. And the idea is supposed to be that the two sides both come up with ways to confront and fix the real problems facing our country. They both propose possible solutions to our real problems. And we debate between those possible solutions. And by the process of debate, we pick the best idea. That competition between good ideas from both sides about real problems in the real country should result in our country having better choices, better options, than if only one side is really working on the hard stuff. And if the Republican Party and the conservative movement and the conservative media is stuck in a vacuum-sealed door-locked spin cycle of telling each other what makes them feel good and denying the factual, lived truth of the world, then we are all deprived as a nation of the constructive debate about competing feasible ideas about real problems. Last night the Republicans got shellacked, and they had no idea it was coming. And we saw them in real time, in real humiliating time, not believe it, even as it was happening to them. And unless they are going to secede, they are going to have to pop the factual bubble they have been so happy living inside if they do not want to get shellacked again, and that will be a painful process for them, but it will be good for the whole country, left, right, and center. You guys, we're counting on you. Wake up. There are real problems in the world. There are real, knowable facts in the world. Let's accept those and talk about how we might approach our problems differently. Let's move on from there. If the Republican Party and the conservative movement and conservative media are forced to do that by the humiliation they were dealt last night, we will all be better off as a nation. And in that spirit, congratulations,
everyone! ~ Rachel Maddow,
1437:Helen, a junior high math teacher in Minnesota, spent most of the school week teaching a difficult “new math” lesson. She could tell her students were frustrated and restless by week’s end. They were becoming rowdy so she told them to put their books away. She then instructed the class to take out clean sheets of paper. She gave each of them this assignment: Write down every one of your classmates’ names on the left, and then, on the right, put down one thing you like about that student.
The tense and rowdy mood subsided and the room quieted when the students went to work. Their moods lifted as they dug into the assignment. There was frequent laughter and giggling. They looked around the room, sharing quips about one another. Helen’s class was a much happier group when the bell signaled the end of the school day.
She took their lists home over the weekend and spent both days off recording what was said about each student on separate sheets of paper so she could pass on all the nice things said about each person without giving away who said what.
The next Monday she handed out the lists she’d made for each student. The room buzzed with excitement and laughter.
“Wow. Thanks! This is the coolest!”
“I didn’t think anyone even noticed me!”
“Someone thinks I’m beautiful?”
Helen had come up with the exercise just to settle down her class, but it ended up giving them a big boost. They grew closer as classmates and more confident as individuals. She could tell they all seemed more relaxed and joyful.
About ten years later, Helen learned that one of her favorite students in that class, a charming boy named Mark, had been killed while serving in Vietnam. She received an invitation to the funeral from Mark’s parents, who included a note saying they wanted to be sure she came to their farmhouse after the services to speak with them.
Helen arrived and the grieving parents took her aside. The father showed her Mark’s billfold and then from it he removed two worn pieces of lined paper that had been taped, folded, and refolded many times over the years. Helen recognized her handwriting on the paper and tears came to her eyes.
Mark’s parents said he’d always carried the list of nice things written by his classmates. “Thank you so much for doing that,” his mother said. “He treasured it, as you can see.”
Still teary-eyed, Helen walked into the kitchen where many of Mark’s former junior high classmates were assembled. They saw that Mark’s parents had his list from that class. One by one, they either produced their own copies from wallets and purses or they confessed to keeping theirs in an album, drawer, diary, or file at home.
Helen the teacher was a “people builder.” She instinctively found ways to build up her students. Being a people builder means you consistently find ways to invest in and bring out the best in others. You give without asking for anything in return. You offer advice, speak faith into them, build their confidence, and challenge them to go higher.
I’ve found that all most people need is a boost. All they need is a little push, a little encouragement, to become what God has created them to be. The fact is, none of us will reach our highest potential by ourselves. We need one another. You can be the one to tip the scales for someone else. You can be the one to stir up their seeds of greatness. ~ Joel Osteen,
1438:How did you even get in here?” I asked him. “Would you believe they leave the door open all night?” Gus asked. “Um, no,” I said. “As well you shouldn’t.” Gus smiled. “Anyway, I know it’s a bit self-aggrandizing.” “Hey, you’re stealing my eulogy,” Isaac said. “My first bit is about how you were a self-aggrandizing bastard.” I laughed. “Okay, okay,” Gus said. “At your leisure.” Isaac cleared his throat. “Augustus Waters was a self-aggrandizing bastard. But we forgive him. We forgive him not because he had a heart as figuratively good as his literal one sucked, or because he knew more about how to hold a cigarette than any nonsmoker in history, or because he got eighteen years when he should have gotten more.” “Seventeen,” Gus corrected. “I’m assuming you’ve got some time, you interrupting bastard. “I’m telling you,” Isaac continued, “Augustus Waters talked so much that he’d interrupt you at his own funeral. And he was pretentious: Sweet Jesus Christ, that kid never took a piss without pondering the abundant metaphorical resonances of human waste production. And he was vain: I do not believe I have ever met a more physically attractive person who was more acutely aware of his own physical attractiveness. “But I will say this: When the scientists of the future show up at my house with robot eyes and they tell me to try them on, I will tell the scientists to screw off, because I do not want to see a world without him.” I was kind of crying by then. “And then, having made my rhetorical point, I will put my robot eyes on, because I mean, with robot eyes you can probably see through girls’ shirts and stuff. Augustus, my friend, Godspeed.” Augustus nodded for a while, his lips pursed, and then gave Isaac a thumbs-up. After he’d recovered his composure, he added, “I would cut the bit about seeing through girls’ shirts.” Isaac was still clinging to the lectern. He started to cry. He pressed his forehead down to the podium and I watched his shoulders shake, and then finally, he said, “Goddamn it, Augustus, editing your own eulogy.” “Don’t swear in the Literal Heart of Jesus,” Gus said. “Goddamn it,” Isaac said again. He raised his head and swallowed. “Hazel, can I get a hand here?” I’d forgotten he couldn’t make his own way back to the circle. I got up, placed his hand on my arm, and walked him slowly back to the chair next to Gus where I’d been sitting. Then I walked up to the podium and unfolded the piece of paper on which I’d printed my eulogy. “My name is Hazel. Augustus Waters was the great star-crossed love of my life. Ours was an epic love story, and I won’t be able to get more than a sentence into it without disappearing into a puddle of tears. Gus knew. Gus knows. I will not tell you our love story, because—like all real love stories—it will die with us, as it should. I’d hoped that he’d be eulogizing me, because there’s no one I’d rather have…” I started crying. “Okay, how not to cry. How am I—okay. Okay.” I took a few breaths and went back to the page. “I can’t talk about our love story, so I will talk about math. I am not a mathematician, but I know this: There are infinite numbers between 0 and 1. There’s .1 and .12 and .112 and an infinite collection of others. Of course, there is a bigger infinite set of numbers between 0 and 2, or between 0 and a million. Some infinities are bigger than other infinities. A writer we used to like taught us that. There are days, many of them, when I resent the size of my unbounded set. ~ John Green,
1439:This kind of parenting was typical in much of Asia—and among Asian immigrant parents living in the United States. Contrary to the stereotype, it did not necessarily make children miserable. In fact, children raised in this way in the United States tended not only to do better in school but to actually enjoy reading and school more than their Caucasian peers enrolled in the same schools. While American parents gave their kids placemats with numbers on them and called it a day, Asian parents taught their children to add before they could read. They did it systematically and directly, say, from six-thirty to seven each night, with a workbook—not organically, the way many American parents preferred their children to learn math. The coach parent did not necessarily have to earn a lot of money or be highly educated. Nor did a coach parent have to be Asian, needless to say. The research showed that European-American parents who acted more like coaches tended to raise smarter kids, too. Parents who read to their children weekly or daily when they were young raised children who scored twenty-five points higher on PISA by the time they were fifteen years old. That was almost a full year of learning. More affluent parents were more likely to read to their children almost everywhere, but even among families within the same socioeconomic group, parents who read to their children tended to raise kids who scored fourteen points higher on PISA. By contrast, parents who regularly played with alphabet toys with their young children saw no such benefit. And at least one high-impact form of parental involvement did not actually involve kids or schools at all: If parents simply read for pleasure at home on their own, their children were more likely to enjoy reading, too. That pattern held fast across very different countries and different levels of family income. Kids could see what parents valued, and it mattered more than what parents said. Only four in ten parents in the PISA survey regularly read at home for enjoyment. What if they knew that this one change—which they might even vaguely enjoy—would help their children become better readers themselves? What if schools, instead of pleading with parents to donate time, muffins, or money, loaned books and magazines to parents and urged them to read on their own and talk about what they’d read in order to help their kids? The evidence suggested that every parent could do things that helped create strong readers and thinkers, once they knew what those things were. Parents could go too far with the drills and practice in academics, just as they could in sports, and many, many Korean parents did go too far. The opposite was also true. A coddled, moon bounce of a childhood could lead to young adults who had never experienced failure or developed self-control or endurance—experiences that mattered as much or more than academic skills. The evidence suggested that many American parents treated their children as if they were delicate flowers. In one Columbia University study, 85 percent of American parents surveyed said that they thought they needed to praise their children’s intelligence in order to assure them they were smart. However, the actual research on praise suggested the opposite was true. Praise that was vague, insincere, or excessive tended to discourage kids from working hard and trying new things. It had a toxic effect, the opposite of what parents intended. To work, praise had to be specific, authentic, and rare. Yet the same culture of self-esteem boosting extended to many U.S. classrooms. ~ Amanda Ripley,
1440:Someday Tatiana must tell Alexander how glad she is that her sister Dasha did not die without once feeling what it was like to love. Alexander. Here he is, before he was Tatiana’s, at the age of twenty, getting his medal of valor for bringing back Yuri Stepanov during the 1940 Winter War. Alexander is in his dress Soviet uniform, snug against his body, his stance at-ease and his hand up to his temple in teasing salute. There is a gleaming smile on his face, his eyes are carefree, his whole man-self full of breathtaking, aching youth. And yet, the war was on, and his men had already died and frozen and starved... and his mother and father were gone... and he was far away from home, and getting farther and farther, and every day was his last—one way or another, every day was his last. And yet, he smiles, he shines, he is happy. Anthony is gone so long that his daughters say something must have happened to him. But then he appears. Like his father, he has learned well the poker face and outwardly remains imperturbable. Just as a man should be, thinks Tatiana. A man doesn’t get to be on the President’s National Security Council without steeling himself to some of life’s little adversities. A man doesn’t go through what Anthony went through without steeling himself to some of life’s little adversities. In this hand Anthony carries two faded photographs, flattened by the pages of the book, grayed by the passing years. The kitchen falls quiet, even Rachel and Rebecca are breathless in anticipation. “Let’s see...” they murmur, gingerly picking up the fragile, sepia pictures with their long fingers. Tatiana is far away from them. “Do you want to see them with us, Grammy? Grandpa?” “We know them well,” Tatiana says, her voice catching on something. “You kids go ahead.” The grandchildren, the daughter, the son, the guests circle their heads, gaping. “Washington, look! Just look at them! What did we tell you?” Shura and Tania, 23 and 18, just married. In full bloom, on the steps of the church near Lazarevo, he in his Red Army dress uniform, she in her white dress with red roses, roses that are black in the monochrome photo. She is standing next to him, holding his arm. He is looking into the camera, a wide grin on his face. She is gazing up at him, her small body pressed into him, her light hair at her shoulders, her arms bare, her mouth slightly parted. “Grammy!” Rebecca exclaims. “I’m positively blushing. Look at the way you’re coming the spoon on Grandpa!” She turns to Alexander from the island. “Grandpa, did you catch the way she is looking at you?” “Once or twice,” replies Alexander. The other colorless photo. Tania and Shura, 18 and 23. He lifts her in the air, his arms wrapped around her body, her arms wrapped around his neck, their fresh faces tilted, their enraptured lips in a breathless open kiss. Her feet are off the ground. “Wow, Grammy,” murmurs Rebecca. “Wow, Grandpa.” Tatiana is busily wiping the granite island. “You want to know what my Washington said about you two?” Rebecca says, not looking away from the photograph. “He called you an adjacent Fibonacci pair!” She giggles. “Isn’t that sexy?” Tatiana shakes her head, despite herself glancing at Washington with reluctant affection. “Just what we need, another math expert. I don’t know what you all think math will give you.” And Janie comes over to her father who is sitting at the kitchen table, holding her baby son, bends over Alexander, leans over him, kisses him, her arm around him, and murmurs into his ear, “Daddy, I’ve figured out what I’m going to call my baby. It’s so simple.” “Fibonacci?” She laughs. “Why, Shannon, of course. Shannon.” The ~ Paullina Simons,
1441:Reader's Digest (Reader's Digest USA) - Clip This Article on Location 56 | Added on Friday, May 16, 2014 12:06:55 AM Words of Lasting Interest Looking Out for The Lonely One teacher’s strategy to stop violence at its root BY GLENNON DOYLE MELTON  FROM MOMASTERY.COM PHOTOGRAPH BY DAN WINTERS A few weeks ago, I went into my son Chase’s class for tutoring. I’d e-mailed Chase’s teacher one evening and said, “Chase keeps telling me that this stuff you’re sending home is math—but I’m not sure I believe him. Help, please.” She e-mailed right back and said, “No problem! I can tutor Chase after school anytime.” And I said, “No, not him. Me. He gets it. Help me.” And that’s how I ended up standing at a chalkboard in an empty fifth-grade classroom while Chase’s teacher sat behind me, using a soothing voice to try to help me understand the “new way we teach long division.” Luckily for me, I didn’t have to unlearn much because I’d never really understood the “old way we taught long division.” It took me a solid hour to complete one problem, but I could tell that Chase’s teacher liked me anyway. She used to work with NASA, so obviously we have a whole lot in common. Afterward, we sat for a few minutes and talked about teaching children and what a sacred trust and responsibility it is. We agreed that subjects like math and reading are not the most important things that are learned in a classroom. We talked about shaping little hearts to become contributors to a larger community—and we discussed our mutual dream that those communities might be made up of individuals who are kind and brave above all. And then she told me this. Every Friday afternoon, she asks her students to take out a piece of paper and write down the names of four children with whom they’d like to sit the following week. The children know that these requests may or may not be honored. She also asks the students to nominate one student who they believe has been an exceptional classroom citizen that week. All ballots are privately submitted to her. And every single Friday afternoon, after the students go home, she takes out those slips of paper, places them in front of her, and studies them. She looks for patterns. Who is not getting requested by anyone else? Who can’t think of anyone to request? Who never gets noticed enough to be nominated? Who had a million friends last week and none this week? You see, Chase’s teacher is not looking for a new seating chart or “exceptional citizens.” Chase’s teacher is looking for lonely children. She’s looking for children who are struggling to connect with other children. She’s identifying the little ones who are falling through the cracks of the class’s social life. She is discovering whose gifts are going unnoticed by their peers. And she’s pinning down—right away—who’s being bullied and who is doing the bullying. As a teacher, parent, and lover of all children, I think this is the most brilliant Love Ninja strategy I have ever encountered. It’s like taking an X-ray of a classroom to see beneath the surface of things and into the hearts of students. It is like mining for gold—the gold being those children who need a little help, who need adults to step in and teach them how to make friends, how to ask others to play, how to join a group, or how to share their gifts. And it’s a bully deterrent because every teacher knows that bullying usually happens outside her eyeshot and that often kids being bullied are too intimidated to share. But, as she said, the truth comes out on those safe, private, little sheets of paper. As Chase’s teacher explained this simple, ingenious idea, I stared at her with my mouth hanging open. “How long have you been using this system?” I said. Ever since Columbine, she said. Every single Friday afternoon since Columbine. Good Lord. This brilliant woman watched Columbine knowing that all violence begins with disconnection. All ~ Anonymous,
1442:Boy everyone in this country is running around yammering about their fucking rights. "I have a right, you have no right, we have a right."

Folks I hate to spoil your fun, but... there's no such thing as rights. They're imaginary. We made 'em up. Like the boogie man. Like Three Little Pigs, Pinocio, Mother Goose, shit like that. Rights are an idea. They're just imaginary. They're a cute idea. Cute. But that's all. Cute...and fictional. But if you think you do have rights, let me ask you this, "where do they come from?" People say, "They come from God. They're God given rights." Awww fuck, here we go again...here we go again.

The God excuse, the last refuge of a man with no answers and no argument, "It came from God." Anything we can't describe must have come from God. Personally folks, I believe that if your rights came from God, he would've given you the right for some food every day, and he would've given you the right to a roof over your head. GOD would've been looking out for ya. You know that.

He wouldn't have been worried making sure you have a gun so you can get drunk on Sunday night and kill your girlfriend's parents.

But let's say it's true. Let's say that God gave us these rights. Why would he give us a certain number of rights?

The Bill of Rights of this country has 10 stipulations. OK...10 rights. And apparently God was doing sloppy work that week, because we've had to ammend the bill of rights an additional 17 times. So God forgot a couple of things, like...SLAVERY. Just fuckin' slipped his mind.

But let's say...let's say God gave us the original 10. He gave the british 13. The british Bill of Rights has 13 stipulations. The Germans have 29, the Belgians have 25, the Sweedish have only 6, and some people in the world have no rights at all. What kind of a fuckin' god damn god given deal is that!?...NO RIGHTS AT ALL!? Why would God give different people in different countries a different numbers of different rights? Boredom? Amusement? Bad arithmetic? Do we find out at long last after all this time that God is weak in math skills? Doesn't sound like divine planning to me. Sounds more like human planning . Sounds more like one group trying to control another group. In other words...business as usual in America.

Now, if you think you do have rights, I have one last assignment for ya. Next time you're at the computer get on the Internet, go to Wikipedia. When you get to Wikipedia, in the search field for Wikipedia, i want to type in, "Japanese-Americans 1942" and you'll find out all about your precious fucking rights. Alright. You know about it.

In 1942 there were 110,000 Japanese-American citizens, in good standing, law abiding people, who were thrown into internment camps simply because their parents were born in the wrong country. That's all they did wrong. They had no right to a lawyer, no right to a fair trial, no right to a jury of their peers, no right to due process of any kind. The only right they had was...right this way! Into the internment camps.

Just when these American citizens needed their rights the most...their government took them away. and rights aren't rights if someone can take em away. They're priveledges. That's all we've ever had in this country is a bill of TEMPORARY priviledges; and if you read the news, even badly, you know the list get's shorter, and shorter, and shorter.

Yeup, sooner or later the people in this country are going to realize the government doesn't give a fuck about them. the government doesn't care about you, or your children, or your rights, or your welfare or your safety. it simply doesn't give a fuck about you. It's interested in it's own power. That's the only thing...keeping it, and expanding wherever possible.

Personally when it comes to rights, I think one of two things is true: either we have unlimited rights, or we have no rights at all. ~ George Carlin,
1443:A Hard Left For High-School History The College Board version of our national story BY STANLEY KURTZ | 1215 words AT the height of the “culture wars” of the late 1980s and early 1990s, conservatives were alive to the dangers of a leftist takeover of American higher education. Today, with the coup all but complete, conservatives take the loss of the academy for granted and largely ignore it. Meanwhile, America’s college-educated Millennial generation drifts ever farther leftward. Now, however, an ambitious attempt to force a leftist tilt onto high-school U.S.-history courses has the potential to shake conservatives out of their lethargy, pulling them back into the education wars, perhaps to retake some lost ground. The College Board, the private company that develops the SAT and Advanced Placement (AP) exams, recently ignited a firestorm by releasing, with little public notice, a lengthy, highly directive, and radically revisionist “framework” for teaching AP U.S. history. The new framework replaces brief guidelines that once allowed states, school districts, and teachers to present U.S. history as they saw fit. The College Board has promised to generate detailed guidelines for the entire range of AP courses (including government and politics, world history, and European history), and in doing so it has effectively set itself up as a national school board. Dictating curricula for its AP courses allows the College Board to circumvent state standards, virtually nationalizing America’s high schools, in violation of cherished principles of local control. Unchecked, this will result in a high-school curriculum every bit as biased and politicized as the curriculum now dominant in America’s colleges. Not coincidentally, David Coleman, the new head of the College Board, is also the architect of the Common Core, another effort to effectively nationalize American K–12 education, focusing on English and math skills. As president of the College Board, Coleman has found a way to take control of history, social studies, and civics as well, pushing them far to the left without exposing himself to direct public accountability. Although the College Board has steadfastly denied that its new AP U.S. history (APUSH) guidelines are politically biased, the intellectual background of the effort indicates otherwise. The early stages of the APUSH redesign overlapped with a collaborative venture between the College Board and the Organization of American Historians to rework U.S.-history survey courses along “internationalist” lines. The goal was to undercut anything that smacked of American exceptionalism, the notion that, as a nation uniquely constituted around principles of liberty and equality, America stands as a model of self-government for the world. Accordingly, the College Board’s new framework for AP U.S. history eliminates the traditional emphasis on Puritan leader John Winthrop’s “City upon a Hill” sermon and its echoes in American history. The Founding itself is demoted and dissolved within a broader focus on transcontinental developments, chiefly the birth of an exploitative international capitalism grounded in the slave trade. The Founders’ commitment to republican principles is dismissed as evidence of a benighted belief in European cultural superiority. Thomas Bender, the NYU historian who leads the Organization of American Historians’ effort to globalize and denationalize American history, collaborated with the high-school and college teachers who eventually came to lead the College Board’s APUSH redesign effort. Bender frames his movement as a counterpoint to the exceptionalist perspective that dominated American foreign policy during the George W. Bush ad ministration. Bender also openly hopes that students exposed to his approach will sympathize with Supreme Court justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s willingness to use foreign law to interpret the U.S. Constitution rather than with Justice Antonin Scalia ~ Anonymous,
1444:Take a look at the following list of numbers: 4, 8, 5, 3, 9, 7, 6. Read them out loud. Now look away and spend twenty seconds memorizing that sequence before saying them out loud again. If you speak English, you have about a 50 percent chance of remembering that sequence perfectly. If you're Chinese, though, you're almost certain to get it right every time. Why is that? Because as human beings we store digits in a memory loop that runs for about two seconds. We most easily memorize whatever we can say or read within that two-second span. And Chinese speakers get that list of numbers—4, 8, 5, 3, 9, 7, 6—right almost every time because, unlike English, their language allows them to fit all those seven numbers into two seconds. That example comes from Stanislas Dehaene's book The Number Sense. As Dehaene explains: Chinese number words are remarkably brief. Most of them can be uttered in less than one-quarter of a second (for instance, 4 is "si" and 7 "qi"). Their English equivalents—"four," "seven"—are longer: pronouncing them takes about one-third of a second. The memory gap between English and Chinese apparently is entirely due to this difference in length. In languages as diverse as Welsh, Arabic, Chinese, English and Hebrew, there is a reproducible correlation between the time required to pronounce numbers in a given language and the memory span of its speakers. In this domain, the prize for efficacy goes to the Cantonese dialect of Chinese, whose brevity grants residents of Hong Kong a rocketing memory span of about 10 digits. It turns out that there is also a big difference in how number-naming systems in Western and Asian languages are constructed. In English, we say fourteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, and nineteen, so one might expect that we would also say oneteen, twoteen, threeteen, and five- teen. But we don't. We use a different form: eleven, twelve, thirteen, and fifteen. Similarly, we have forty and sixty, which sound like the words they are related to (four and six). But we also say fifty and thirty and twenty, which sort of sound like five and three and two, but not really. And, for that matter, for numbers above twenty, we put the "decade" first and the unit number second (twentyone, twenty-two), whereas for the teens, we do it the other way around (fourteen, seventeen, eighteen). The number system in English is highly irregular. Not so in China, Japan, and Korea. They have a logical counting system. Eleven is ten-one. Twelve is ten-two. Twenty-four is two- tens-four and so on. That difference means that Asian children learn to count much faster than American children. Four-year-old Chinese children can count, on average, to forty. American children at that age can count only to fifteen, and most don't reach forty until they're five. By the age of five, in other words, American children are already a year behind their Asian counterparts in the most fundamental of math skills. The regularity of their number system also means that Asian children can perform basic functions, such as addition, far more easily. Ask an English-speaking seven-yearold to add thirty-seven plus twenty-two in her head, and she has to convert the words to numbers (37+22). Only then can she do the math: 2 plus 7 is 9 and 30 and 20 is 50, which makes 59. Ask an Asian child to add three-tensseven and two-tens-two, and then the necessary equation is right there, embedded in the sentence. No number translation is necessary: It's five-tens-nine. "The Asian system is transparent," says Karen Fuson, a Northwestern University psychologist who has closely studied Asian-Western differences. "I think that it makes the whole attitude toward math different. Instead of being a rote learning thing, there's a pattern I can figure out. There is an expectation that I can do this. There is an expectation that it's sensible. For fractions, we say three-fifths. The Chinese is literally 'out of five parts, take three.' That's telling you conceptually ~ Anonymous,
1445:Jennifer Johnson: Can you say why America is the greatest country in the world?

Sharon: Diversity and opportunity.

Moderator: Lewis?

Lewis: Freedom and freedom... so let's keep it that way.

Moderator: Will?

Will McAvoy: The New York Jets.

Moderator: No, I'm going to hold you to an answer on that. What makes America the greatest country in the world?

Will McAvoy: Well, Lewis and Sharon said it. Diversity and opportunity and freedom and freedom.

Moderator: I'm not letting you go back to the airport without answering the question.

Will McAvoy: Well, our Constitution is a masterpiece. James Madison was a genius. The Declaration of Independence is, for me, the single greatest piece of American writing...

[Professor keeps staring]

Will McAvoy: You don't look satisfied.

Moderator: One's a set of laws and the other's a declaration of war. I want a human moment from you... what about the people? Why is America...

Will McAvoy: It's not the greatest country in the world, professor. That's my answer.

Moderator: You're saying...

Will McAvoy: Yes.

Moderator: Let's talk about...

Will McAvoy: Fine.

[Turns to Sharon]

Will McAvoy: Sharon, the NEA is a loser. Yeah, it accounts for a penny out of our paycheck, but he

[gestures to Lewis]

Will McAvoy: gets to hit you with it anytime he wants. It doesn't cost money, it costs votes. It costs airtime and column inches. You know why people don't like liberals? Cause they lose. If liberals are so fucking smart, how come they lose so god damn always?

Sharon: Hey!

Will McAvoy: [Turns to Louis] And with a straight face, you're gonna tell students that America is so star-spangled awesome that we're the only ones in the world who have freedom? Canada has freedom. Japan has freedom. The UK. France. Italy. Germany. Spain. Australia... Belgium! has freedom... 207 sovereign states in the world, like 180 of 'em have freedom.

Moderator: Alright...

Will McAvoy: [Looks at Jenny] And, yeah, you... sorority girl. Just in case you accidentally wander into a voting booth one day, there are some things you should know. One of them is: There is absolutely no evidence to support the statement that we're the greatest country in the world. We're 7th in literacy, 27th in math, 22nd in science, 49th in life expectancy, 178th in infant mortality, 3rd in median household income, number 4 in labor force and number 4 in exports. We lead the world in only three categories: number of incarcerated citizens per capita, number of adults who believe angels are real and defense spending - where we spend more than the next 26 countries combined, 25 of whom are allies. Now, none of this is the fault of a 20-year-old college student, but you, nonetheless, are without a doubt a member of the worst period generation period ever period, so when you ask what makes us the greatest country in the world, I don't know what the FUCK you're talking about!... Yosemite?

[Stunned silence]

Will McAvoy: ... It sure used to be. We stood up for what was right. We fought for moral reasons. We passed laws, struck down laws - for moral reasons. We waged wars on poverty, not on poor people. We sacrificed, we cared about our neighbors, we put our money where our mouths were and we never beat our chest. We built great, big things, made ungodly technological advanced, explored the universe, cured diseases and we cultivated the world's greatest artists AND the world's greatest economy. We reached for the stars, acted like men. We aspired to intelligence, we didn't belittle it. It didn't make us feel inferior. We didn't identify ourselves by who we voted for in the last election and we didn't scare so easy. We were able to be all these things and do all these things because we were informed... by great men, men who were revered. First step in solving any problem is recognizing there is one. America is not the greatest country in the world anymore. ~ Aaron Sorkin,

IN CHAPTERS [150/353]



  117 Integral Yoga
   43 Yoga
   38 Occultism
   25 Christianity
   24 Poetry
   22 Philosophy
   13 Fiction
   8 Psychology
   7 Integral Theory
   5 Cybernetics
   4 Science
   3 Education
   2 Mysticism
   1 Theosophy
   1 Thelema
   1 Sufism
   1 Philsophy
   1 Mythology
   1 Hinduism
   1 Baha i Faith
   1 Alchemy


   47 The Mother
   41 Nolini Kanta Gupta
   38 Sri Ramakrishna
   33 Aleister Crowley
   29 Satprem
   28 Sri Aurobindo
   13 Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
   12 H P Lovecraft
   9 Plotinus
   8 Plato
   8 Li Bai
   8 A B Purani
   6 Carl Jung
   5 Norbert Wiener
   4 Swami Krishnananda
   4 George Van Vrekhem
   3 Walt Whitman
   3 Saint Augustine of Hippo
   3 R Buckminster Fuller
   3 Jalaluddin Rumi
   2 Swami Sivananda Saraswati
   2 Rudolf Steiner
   2 Paul Richard
   2 Nirodbaran
   2 Mahendranath Gupta
   2 Ken Wilber
   2 Kabir
   2 Jordan Peterson
   2 Friedrich Nietzsche
   2 Edgar Allan Poe
   2 Aldous Huxley


   37 The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna
   21 Magick Without Tears
   12 Lovecraft - Poems
   11 Liber ABA
   9 Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01
   8 Li Bai - Poems
   8 Evening Talks With Sri Aurobindo
   8 Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04
   7 The Phenomenon of Man
   7 The Life Divine
   7 Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 07
   7 A Garden of Pomegranates - An Outline of the Qabalah
   6 The Secret Doctrine
   6 The Problems of Philosophy
   6 Essays In Philosophy And Yoga
   5 Questions And Answers 1956
   5 Cybernetics
   5 Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 03
   5 Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 02
   4 The Study and Practice of Yoga
   4 The Future of Man
   4 Sri Aurobindo or the Adventure of Consciousness
   4 Preparing for the Miraculous
   4 Agenda Vol 03
   3 Whitman - Poems
   3 Synergetics - Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking
   3 Savitri
   3 Questions And Answers 1957-1958
   3 Questions And Answers 1955
   3 Questions And Answers 1953
   3 Plotinus - Complete Works Vol 03
   3 Plotinus - Complete Works Vol 01
   3 On the Way to Supermanhood
   3 On Education
   3 Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 06
   3 Agenda Vol 12
   3 Agenda Vol 02
   2 Words Of Long Ago
   2 Twilight of the Idols
   2 Twelve Years With Sri Aurobindo
   2 The Perennial Philosophy
   2 The Human Cycle
   2 The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious
   2 Symposium
   2 Sex Ecology Spirituality
   2 Questions And Answers 1954
   2 Poe - Poems
   2 Plotinus - Complete Works Vol 02
   2 On Thoughts And Aphorisms
   2 Mysterium Coniunctionis
   2 Maps of Meaning
   2 Letters On Yoga II
   2 Hymn of the Universe
   2 God Exists
   2 Essays Divine And Human
   2 Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 05
   2 City of God
   2 Agenda Vol 10
   2 Agenda Vol 08
   2 Agenda Vol 05
   2 Agenda Vol 04
   2 Agenda Vol 01


0 0.01 - Introduction, #Agenda Vol 1, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
  - and it is terribly disturbing for all those who still climb trees in the old, millennial way. Perhaps it is even a heresy. Unless it is some cerebral disorder? A first man in his little clearing had to have a great deal of courage. Even this little clearing was no longer so sure. A first man is a perpetual question. What am I, then, in the midst of all that? And where is my law? What is the law? And what if there were no more laws? ... It is terrifying. Mathematics - out of order. Astronomy and biology, too, are beginning to respond to mysterious influences. A tiny point huddled in the center of the world's great clearing. But what is all this, what if I were 'mad'? And then, claws all around, a lot of claws against this uncommon creature. A first man ... is very much alone. He is quite unbearable for the pre-human 'reason.' And the surrounding tribes growled like red monkies in the twilight of Guiana.
  One day, we were like this first man in the great, stridulant night of the Oyapock. Our heart was beating with the rediscovery of a very ancient mystery - suddenly, it was absolutely new to be a man amidst the diorite cascades and the pretty red and black coral snakes slithering beneath the leaves. It was even more extraordinary to be a man than our old confirmed tribes, with their infallible equations and imprescriptible biologies, could ever have dreamed. It was an absolutely uncertain 'quantum' that delightfully eluded whatever one thought of it, including perhaps what even the scholars thought of it. It flowed otherwise, it felt otherwise. It lived in a kind of flawless continuity with the sap of the giant balata trees, the cry of the macaws and the scintillating water of a little fountain. It 'understood' in a very different way. To understand was to be in everything. Just a quiver, and one was in the skin of a little iguana in distress. The skin of the world was very vast.
  --
  Thus had we mused in the heart of our ancient forest while we were still hesitating between unlikely flakes of gold and a civilization that seemed to us quite toxic and obsolete, however Mathematical. But other Mathematics were flowing through our veins, an equation as yet unformed between this mammoth world and a little point replete with a light air and immense forebodings.
  It was at this point that we met Mother, at this intersection of the anthropoid rediscovered and the 'something' that had set in motion this unfinished invention momentarily ensnared in a gilded machine. For nothing was finished, and nothing had been invented, really, that would instill peace and wideness in this heart of no species at all.

00.01 - The Approach to Mysticism, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 02, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Mystic realities cannot be reached by the scientific consciousness, because they are far more subtle than the subtlest object that science can contemplate. The neutrons and positrons are for science today the finest and profoundest object-forces; they belong, it is said, almost to a borderl and where physics ends. Nor for that reason is a mystic reality something like a Mathematical abstraction, -n for example. The mystic reality is subtler than the subtlest of physical things and yet, paradoxical to say, more concrete than the most concrete thing that the senses apprehend.
   Furthermore, being so, the mystic domain is of infinitely greater potency than the domain of intra-atomic forces. If one comes, all on a sudden, into contact with a force here without the necessary preparation to hold and handle it, he may get seriously bruised, morally and physically. The adventure into the mystic domain has its own toll of casualtiesone can lose the mind, one can lose one's body even and it is a very common experience among those who have tried the path. It is not in vain and merely as a poetic metaphor that the ancient seers have said

000 - Humans in Universe, #Synergetics - Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking, #R Buckminster Fuller, #Science
  000.103 When the archaeologists' artifact-proven history of Mathematics opens
  4,000 years ago in Babylon and Mesopotamia, it is already a very sophisticated
  science. Mathematics may well have had its beginnings much earlier in India or
  Indochina, as it is an art and science that has traveled consistently westward. Over
  --
  obliterated Mathematics. A little more than 1,000 years ago Arabs and Hindus
  traveling through North Africa began to restore some of the ancient Mathematics to
  the westward-evolving culture. When al-Khwarizmi's original A.D. 800 treatise on
  --
  capability in Mathematical multiplication and division opened up a whole new field
  of safely anticipated structural engineering and navigation.
  --
  the option exists; 99 percent of humanity cannot understand the Mathematical
  language of science. The people who make up that 99 percent do not know that all
  --
  discovery and comprehension of nature is the obscurity of the Mathematical
  language of science. Fortunately, however, nature is not using the strictly
  --
  may clarify for everyone the few scientific conceptions and Mathematical tools
  necessary for universal comprehension and individual use of nature's synergetic

0.00 - INTRODUCTION, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
   At that time there lived in Calcutta a rich widow named Rani Rasmani, belonging to the sudra caste, and known far and wide not only for her business ability, courage, and intelligence, but also for her largeness of heart, piety, and devotion to God. She was assisted in the management of her vast property by her son-in-law Mathur Mohan.
   In 1847 the Rani purchased twenty acres of land at Dakshineswar, a village about four miles north of Calcutta. Here she created a temple garden and constructed several temples. Her Ishta, or Chosen Ideal, was the Divine Mother, Kali.
  --
   Sri Ramakrishna — henceforth we shall call Gadadhar by this familiar name —1 came to the temple garden with his elder brother Ramkumar, who was appointed priest of the Kali temple. Sri Ramakrishna did not at first approve of Ramkumar's working for the sudra Rasmani. The example of their orthodox father was still fresh in Sri Ramakrishna's mind. He objected also to the eating of the cooked offerings of the temple, since, according to orthodox Hindu custom, such food can be offered to the Deity only in the house of a brahmin. But the holy atmosphere of the temple grounds, the solitude of the surrounding wood, the loving care of his brother, the respect shown him by Rani Rasmani and Mathur Babu, the living presence of the Goddess Kali in the temple, and; above all, the proximity of the sacred Ganges, which Sri Ramakrishna always held in the highest respect, gradually overcame his disapproval, and he began to feel at home.
   Within a very short time Sri Ramakrishna attracted the notice of Mathur Babu, who was impressed by the young man's religious fervour and wanted him to participate in the worship in the Kali temple. But Sri Ramakrishna loved his freedom and was indifferent to any worldly career. The profession of the priesthood in a temple founded by a rich woman did not appeal to his mind. Further, he hesitated to take upon himself the responsibility for the ornaments and jewelry of the temple. Mathur had to wait for a suitable occasion.
   At this time there came to Dakshineswar a youth of sixteen, destined to play an important role in Sri Ramakrishna's life. Hriday, a distant nephew2 of Sri Ramakrishna, hailed from Sihore, a village not far from Kamarpukur, and had been his boyhood friend. Clever, exceptionally energetic, and endowed with great presence of mind, he moved, as will be seen later, like a shadow about his uncle and was always ready to help him, even at the sacrifice of his personal comfort. He was destined to be a mute witness of many of the spiritual experiences of Sri Ramakrishna and the caretaker of his body during the stormy days of his spiritual practice. Hriday came to Dakshineswar in search of a job, and Sri Ramakrishna was glad to see him.
   Unable to resist the persuasion of Mathur Babu, Sri Ramakrishna at last entered the temple service, on condition that Hriday should be asked to assist him. His first duty was to dress and decorate the image of Kali.
   One day the priest of the Radhakanta temple accidentally dropped the image of Krishna on the floor, breaking one of its legs. The pundits advised the Rani to install a new image, since the worship of an image with a broken limb was against the scriptural injunctions. But the Rani was fond of the image, and she asked Sri Ramakrishna's opinion. In an abstracted mood, he said: "This solution is ridiculous. If a son-in-law of the Rani broke his leg, would she discard him and put another in his place? Wouldn't she rather arrange for his treatment? Why should she not do the same thing in this case too? Let the image be repaired and worshipped as before." It was a simple, straightforward solution and was accepted by the Rani. Sri Ramakrishna himself mended the break. The priest was dismissed for his carelessness, and at Mathur Babu's earnest request Sri Ramakrishna accepted the office of priest in the Radhakanta temple.
   ^No definite information is available as to the origin of this name. Most probably it was given by Mathur Babu, as Ramlal, Sri Ramakrishna's nephew, has said, quoting the authority of his uncle himself.
   ^Hriday's mother was the daughter of Sri Ramakrishna's aunt (Khudiram's sister). Such a degree of relationship is termed in Bengal that of a "distant nephew".
  --
   Mathur begged Sri Ramakrishna to take charge of the worship in the Kali temple. The young priest pleaded his incompetence and his ignorance of the scriptures. Mathur insisted that devotion and sincerity would more than compensate for any lack of formal knowledge and make the Divine Mother manifest Herself through the image. In the end, Sri Ramakrishna had to yield to Mathur's request. He became the priest of Kali.
   In 1856 Ramkumar breathed his last. Sri Ramakrishna had already witnessed more than one death in the family. He had come to realize how impermanent is life on earth. The more he was convinced of the transitory nature of worldly things, the more eager he became to realize God, the Fountain of Immortality.
  --
   On a certain occasion Mathur Babu stealthily entered the temple to watch the worship. He was profoundly moved by the young priest's devotion and sincerity. He realized that Sri Ramakrishna had transformed the stone image into the living Goddess.
   Sri Ramakrishna one day fed a cat with the food that was to be offered to Kali. This was too much for the manager of the temple garden, who considered himself responsible for the proper conduct of the worship. He reported Sri Ramakrishna's insane behaviour to Mathur Babu.
   Sri Ramakrishna has described the incident: "The Divine Mother revealed to me in the Kali temple that it was She who had become everything. She showed me that everything was full of Consciousness. The image was Consciousness, the altar was Consciousness, the water-vessels were Consciousness, the door-sill was Consciousness, the marble floor was Consciousness — all was Consciousness. I found everything inside the room soaked, as it were, in Bliss — the Bliss of God. I saw a wicked man in front of the Kali temple; but in him also I saw the power of the Divine Mother vibrating. That was why I fed a cat with the food that was to be offered to the Divine Mother. I clearly perceived that all this was the Divine Mother — even the cat. The manager of the temple garden wrote to Mathur Babu saying that I was feeding the cat with the offering intended for the Divine Mother. But Mathur Babu had insight into the state of my mind. He wrote back to the manager: 'Let him do whatever he likes. You must not say anything to him.'"
   One of the painful ailments from which Sri Ramakrishna suffered at this time was a burning sensation in his body, and he was cured by a strange vision. During worship in the temple, following the scriptural injunctions, he would imagine the presence of the "sinner" in himself and the destruction of this "sinner". One day he was meditating in the Panchavati, when he saw come out of him a red-eyed man of black complexion, reeling like a drunkard. Soon there emerged from him another person, of serene countenance, wearing the ochre cloth of a sannyasi and carrying in his hand a trident. The second person attacked the first and killed him with the trident. Thereafter Sri Ramakrishna was free of his pain.
  --
   Mathur had faith in the sincerity of Sri Ramakrishna's spiritual zeal, but began now to doubt his sanity. He had watched him jumping about like a monkey. One day, when Rani Rasmani was listening to Sri Ramakrishna's singing in the temple, the young priest abruptly turned and slapped her. Apparently listening to his song, she had actually been thinking of a law-suit. She accepted the punishment as though the Divine Mother Herself had imposed it; but Mathur was distressed. He begged Sri Ramakrishna to keep his feelings under control and to heed the conventions of society. God Himself, he argued, follows laws. God never permitted, for instance, flowers of two colours to grow on the same stalk. The following day Sri Ramakrishna presented Mathur Babu with two hibiscus flowers growing on the same stalk, one red and one white.
   Mathur and Rani Rasmani began to ascribe the mental ailment of Sri Ramakrishna in part, at least, to his observance of rigid continence. Thinking that a natural life would relax the tension of his nerves, they engineered a plan with two women of ill fame. But as soon as the women entered his room, Sri Ramakrishna beheld in them the manifestation of the Divine Mother of the Universe and went into samadhi uttering Her name.
   --- HALADHARI
   In 1858 there came to Dakshineswar a cousin of Sri Ramakrishna, Haladhari by name, who was to remain there about eight years. On account of Sri Ramakrishna's indifferent health, Mathur appointed this man to the office of priest in the Kali temple. He was a complex character, versed in the letter of the scriptures, but hardly aware of their spirit. He loved to participate in hair-splitting theological discussions and, by the measure of his own erudition, he proceeded to gauge Sri Ramakrishna. An orthodox brahmin, he thoroughly disapproved of his cousin's unorthodox actions, but he was not unimpressed by Sri Ramakrishna's purity of life, ecstatic love of God, and yearning for realization.
   One day Haladhari upset Sri Ramakrishna with the statement that God is incomprehensible to the human mind. Sri Ramakrishna has described the great moment of doubt when he wondered whether his visions had really misled him: "With sobs I prayed to the Mother, 'Canst Thou have the heart to deceive me like this because I am a fool?' A stream of tears flowed from my eyes. Shortly afterwards I saw a volume of mist rising from the floor and filling the space before me. In the midst of it there appeared a face with flowing beard, calm, highly expressive, and fair. Fixing its gaze steadily upon me, it said solemnly, 'Remain in bhavamukha, on the threshold of relative consciousness.' This it repeated three times and then it gently disappeared in the mist, which itself dissolved. This vision reassured me."
  --
   Rani Rasmani, the foundress of the temple garden, passed away in 1861. After her death her son-in-law Mathur became the sole executor of the estate. He placed himself and his resources at the disposal of Sri Ramakrishna and began to look after his physical comfort. Sri Ramakrishna later spoke of him as one of his five "suppliers of stores" appointed by the Divine Mother. Whenever a desire arose in his mind, Mathur fulfilled it without hesitation.
   --- THE BRAHMANI
  --
   When Sri Ramakrishna told Mathur what the Brahmani had said about him, Mathur shook his head in doubt. He was reluctant to accept him as an Incarnation of God, an Avatar comparable to Rama, Krishna, Buddha, and Chaitanya, though he admitted Sri Ramakrishna's extraordinary spirituality. Whereupon the Brahmani asked Mathur to arrange a conference of scholars who should discuss the matter with her. He agreed to the proposal and the meeting was arranged. It was to be held in the natmandir in front of the Kali temple.
   Two famous pundits of the time were invited: Vaishnavcharan, the leader of the Vaishnava society, and Gauri. The first to arrive was Vaishnavcharan, with a distinguished company of scholars and devotees. The Brahmani, like a proud mother, proclaimed her view before him and supported it with quotations from the scriptures. As the pundits discussed the deep theological question, Sri Ramakrishna, perfectly indifferent to everything happening around him, sat in their midst like a child, immersed in his own thoughts, sometimes smiling, sometimes chewing a pinch of spices from a pouch, or again saying to Vaishnavcharan with a nudge: "Look here. Sometimes I feel like this, too." Presently Vaishnavcharan arose to declare himself in total agreement with the view of the Brahmani. He declared that Sri Ramakrishna had undoubtedly experienced mahabhava and that this was the certain sign of the rare manifestation of God in a man. The people assembled
   there, especially the officers of the temple garden, were struck dumb. Sri Rama- krishna said to Mathur, like a boy: "Just fancy, he too says so! Well, I am glad to learn that after all it is not a disease."
   When, a few days later, Pundit Gauri arrived, another meeting was held, and he agreed with the view of the Brahmani and Vaishnavcharan. To Sri Ramakrishna's remark that Vaishnavcharan had declared him to be an Avatar, Gauri replied: "Is that all he has to say about you? Then he has said very little. I am fully convinced that you are that Mine of Spiritual Power, only a small fraction of which descends on earth, from time to time, in the form of an Incarnation."
  --
   While worshipping Ramlala as the Divine Child, Sri Ramakrishna's heart became filled with motherly tenderness, and he began to regard himself as a woman. His speech and gestures changed. He began to move freely with the ladies of Mathur's family, who now looked upon him as one of their own sex. During this time he worshipped the Divine Mother as Her companion or handmaid.
   --- IN COMMUNION WITH THE DIVINE BELOVED
   Sri Ramakrishna now devoted himself to scaling the most inaccessible and dizzy heights of dualistic worship, namely, the complete union with Sri Krishna as the Beloved of the heart. He regarded himself as one of the gopis of Vrindavan, mad with longing for her divine Sweetheart. At his request Mathur provided him with woman's dress and jewelry. In this love-pursuit, food and drink were forgotten. Day and night he wept bitterly. The yearning turned into a mad frenzy; for the divine Krishna began to play with him the old tricks He had played with the gopis. He would tease and taunt, now and then revealing Himself, but always keeping at a distance. Sri Ramakrishna's anguish brought on a return of the old physical symptoms: the burning sensation, an oozing of blood through the pores, a loosening of the joints, and the stopping of physiological functions.
   The Vaishnava scriptures advise one to propitiate Radha and obtain her grace in order to realize Sri Krishna. So the tortured devotee now turned his prayer to her. Within a short time he enjoyed her blessed vision. He saw and felt the figure of Radha disappearing into his own body.
  --
   From now on Sri Ramakrishna began to seek the company of devotees and holy men. He had gone through the storm and stress of spiritual disciplines and visions. Now he realized an inner calmness and appeared to others as a normal person. But he could not bear the company of worldly people or listen to their talk. Fortunately the holy atmosphere of Dakshineswar and the liberality of Mathur attracted monks and holy men from all parts of the country. Sadhus of all denominations — monists and dualists, Vaishnavas and Vedantists, Saktas and worshippers of Rama — flocked there in ever increasing numbers. Ascetics and visionaries came to seek Sri Ramakrishna's advice. Vaishnavas had come during the period of his Vaishnava sadhana, and Tantriks when he practised the disciplines of Tantra. Vedantists began to arrive after the departure of Totapuri. In the room of Sri Ramakrishna, who was then in bed with dysentery, the Vedantists engaged in scriptural discussions, and, forgetting his own physical suffering, he solved their doubts by referring directly to his own experiences. Many of the visitors were genuine spiritual souls, the unseen pillars of Hinduism, and their spiritual lives were quickened in no small measure by the sage of Dakshineswar. Sri Ramakrishna in turn learnt from them anecdotes concerning the ways and the conduct of holy men, which he subsequently narrated to his devotees and disciples. At his request Mathur provided him with large stores of food-stuffs, clothes, and so forth, for distribution among the wandering monks.
   "Sri Ramakrishna had not read books, yet he possessed an encyclopedic knowledge of religions and religious philosophies. This he acquired from his contacts with innumerable holy men and scholars. He had a unique power of assimilation; through meditation he made this knowledge a part of his being. Once, when he was asked by a disciple about the source of his seemingly inexhaustible knowledge, he replied; "I have not read; but I have heard the learned. I have made a garland of their knowledge, wearing it round my neck, and I have given it as an offering at the feet of the Mother."
  --
   On January 27, 1868, Mathur Babu with a party of some one hundred and twenty-five persons set out on a pilgrimage to the sacred places of northern India. At Vaidyanath in Behar, when the Master saw the inhabitants of a village reduced by poverty and starvation to mere skeletons, he requested his rich patron to feed the people and give each a piece of cloth. Mathur demurred at the added expense. The Master declared bitterly that he would not go on to Benares, but would live with the poor and share their miseries. He actually left Mathur and sat down with the villagers. Whereupon Mathur had to yield. On another occasion, two years later, Sri Ramakrishna showed a similar sentiment for the poor and needy. He accompanied Mathur on a tour to one of the latter's estates at the time of the collection of rents. For two years the harvests had failed and the tenants were in a state of extreme poverty. The Master asked Mathur to remit their rents, distribute help to them, and in addition give the hungry people a sumptuous feast. When Mathur grumbled, the Master said: "You are only the steward of the Divine Mother. They are the Mother's tenants. You must spend the Mother's money. When they are suffering, how can you refuse to help them? You must help them." Again Mathur had to give in. Sri Ramakrishna's sympathy for the poor sprang from his perception of God in all created beings. His sentiment was not that of the humanist or philanthropist. To him the service of man was the same as the worship of God.
   The party entered holy Benares by boat along the Ganges. When Sri Ramakrishna's eyes fell on this city of Siva, where had accumulated for ages the devotion and piety of countless worshippers, he saw it to be made of gold, as the scriptures declare. He was visibly moved. During his stay in the city he treated every particle of its earth with utmost respect. At the Manikarnika Ghat, the great cremation ground of the city, he actually saw Siva, with ash-covered body and tawny matted hair, serenely approaching each funeral pyre and breathing into the ears of the corpses the mantra of liberation; and then the Divine Mother removing from the dead their bonds. Thus he realized the significance of the scriptural statement that anyone dying in Benares attains salvation through the grace of Siva. He paid a visit to Trailanga Swami, the celebrated monk, whom he later declared to be a real paramahamsa, a veritable image of Siva.
   Sri Ramakrishna visited Allahabad, at the confluence of the Ganges and the Jamuna, and then proceeded to Vrindavan and Mathura, hallowed by the legends, songs, and dramas about Krishna and the gopis. Here he had numerous visions and his heart overflowed with divine emotion. He wept and said: "O Krishna! Everything here is as it was in the olden days. You alone are absent." He visited the great woman saint, Gangamayi, regarded by Vaishnava devotees as the reincarnation of an intimate attendant of Radha. She was sixty years old and had frequent trances. She spoke of Sri Ramakrishna as an incarnation of Radha. With great difficulty he was persuaded to leave her.
   On the return journey Mathur wanted to visit Gaya, but Sri Ramakrishna declined to go. He recalled his father's vision at Gaya before his own birth and felt that in the temple of Vishnu he would become permanently absorbed in God. Mathur, honouring the Master's wish, returned with his party to Calcutta.
   From Vrindavan the Master had brought a handful of dust. Part of this he scattered in the Panchavati; the rest he buried in the little hut where he had practised meditation. "Now this place", he said, "is as sacred as Vrindavan."
  --
   In 1872 Sarada Devi paid her first visit to her husband at Dakshineswar. Four years earlier she had seen him at Kamarpukur and had tasted the bliss of his divine company. Since then she had become even more gentle, tender, introspective, serious, and unselfish. She had heard many rumours about her husband's insanity. People had shown her pity in her misfortune. The more she thought, the more she felt that her duty was to be with him, giving him, in whatever measure she could, a wife's devoted service. She was now eighteen years old. Accompanied by her father, she arrived at Dakshineswar, having come on foot the distance of eighty miles. She had had an attack of fever on the way. When she arrived at the temple garden the Master said sorrowfully: "Ah! You have come too late. My Mathur is no longer here to look after you." Mathur had passed away the previous year.
   The Master took up the duty of instructing his young wife, and this included everything from housekeeping to the Knowledge of Brahman. He taught her how to trim a lamp, how to behave toward people according to their differing temperaments, and how to conduct herself before visitors. He instructed her in the mysteries of spiritual life — prayer, meditation, japa, deep contemplation, and samadhi. The first lesson that Sarada Devi received was: "God is everybody's Beloved, just as the moon is dear to every child. Everyone has the same right to pray to Him. Out of His grace He reveals Himself to all who call upon Him. You too will see Him if you but pray to Him."
  --
   During this period Sri Ramakrishna suffered several bereavements. The first was the death of a nephew named Akshay. After the young man's death Sri Ramakrishna said: "Akshay died before my very eyes. But it did not affect me in the least. I stood by and watched a man die. It was like a sword being drawn from its scabbard. I enjoyed the scene, and laughed and sang and danced over it. They removed the body and cremated it. But the next day as I stood there (pointing to the southeast verandah of his room), I felt a racking pain for the loss of Akshay, as if somebody were squeezing my heart like a wet towel. I wondered at it and thought that the Mother was teaching me a lesson. I was not much concerned even with my own body — much less with a relative. But if such was my pain at the loss of a nephew, how much more must be the grief of the householders at the loss of their near and dear ones!" In 1871 Mathur died, and some five years later Sambhu Mallick — who, after Mathur's passing away, had taken care of the Master's comfort. In 1873 died his elder brother Rameswar, and in 1876, his beloved mother. These bereavements left their imprint on the tender human heart of Sri Ramakrishna, albeit he had realized the immortality of the soul and the illusoriness of birth and death.
   In March 1875, about a year before the death of his mother, the Master met Keshab Chandra Sen. The meeting was a momentous event for both Sri Ramakrishna and Keshab. Here the Master for the first time came into actual, contact with a worthy representative of modern India.
  --
   Narendra was born in Calcutta on January 12, 1863, of an aristocratic kayastha family. His mother was steeped in the great Hindu epics, and his father, a distinguished attorney of the Calcutta High Court, was an agnostic about religion, a friend of the poor, and a mocker at social conventions. Even in his boyhood and youth Narendra possessed great physical courage and presence of mind, a vivid imagination, deep power of thought, keen intelligence, an extraordinary memory, a love of truth, a passion for purity, a spirit of independence, and a tender heart. An expert musician, he also acquired proficiency in physics, astronomy, Mathematics, philosophy, history, and literature. He grew up into an extremely handsome young man. Even as a child he practised meditation and showed great power of concentration. Though free and passionate in word and action, he took the vow of austere religious chastity and never allowed the fire of purity to be extinguished by the slightest defilement of body or soul.
   As he read in college the rationalistic Western philosophers of the nineteenth century, his boyhood faith in God and religion was unsettled. He would not accept religion on mere faith; he wanted demonstration of God. But very soon his passionate nature discovered that mere Universal Reason was cold and bloodless. His emotional nature, dissatisfied with a mere abstraction, required a concrete support to help him in the hours of temptation. He wanted an external power, a guru, who by embodying perfection in the flesh would still the commotion of his soul. Attracted by the magnetic personality of Keshab, he joined the Brahmo Samaj and became a singer in its choir. But in the Samaj he did not find the guru who could say that he had seen God.

0.00 - The Book of Lies Text, #The Book of Lies, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
    Proof is only possible in Mathematics, and Mathe-
     matics is only a matter of arbitrary conventions.

0.00 - THE GOSPEL PREFACE, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission
  --------------------
  --
  The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna is the English translation of the Sri Sri Rmakrishna Kathmrita, the conversations of Sri Ramakrishna with his disciples, devotees, and visitors, recorded by Mahendranth Gupta, who wrote the book under the pseudonym of "M." The conversations in Bengali fill five volumes, the first of which was published in 1897 and the last shortly after M.'s death in 1932. Sri Ramakrishna Math, Madras, has published in two volumes an English translation of selected chapters from the monumental Bengali work. I have consulted these while preparing my translation.
  M., one of the intimate disciples of Sri Ramakrishna, was present during all the conversations recorded in the main body of the book and noted them down in his diary.
  --
  The life of Sdhan and holy association that he started on at the feet of the Master, he continued all through his life. He has for this reason been most appropriately described as a Grihastha-Sannysi (householder-Sannysin). Though he was forbidden by the Master to become a Sannysin, his reverence for the Sannysa ideal was whole-hearted and was without any reservation. So after Sri Ramakrishna's passing away, while several of the Master's householder devotees considered the young Sannysin disciples of the Master as inexperienced and inconsequential, M. stood by them with the firm faith that the Master's life and message were going to be perpetuated only through them. Swami Vivekananda wrote from America in a letter to the inmates of the Math: "When Sri Thkur (Master) left the body, every one gave us up as a few unripe urchins. But M. and a few others did not leave us in the lurch. We cannot repay our debt to them." (Swami Raghavananda's article on M. in Prabuddha Bharata vol. XXX P. 442.)
  M. spent his weekends and holidays with the monastic brethren who, after the Master's demise, had formed themselves into an Order with a Math at Baranagore, and participated in the intense life of devotion and meditation that they followed. At other times he would retire to Dakshineswar or some garden in the city and spend several days in spiritual practice taking simple self-cooked food. In order to feel that he was one with all mankind he often used to go out of his home at dead of night, and like a wandering Sannysin, sleep with the waifs on some open verandah or footpath on the road.
  After the Master's demise, M. went on pilgrimage several times. He visited Banras, Vrindvan, Ayodhy and other places. At Banras he visited the famous Trailinga Swmi and fed him with sweets, and he had long conversations with Swami Bhaskarananda, one of the noted saintly and scholarly Sannysins of the time. In 1912 he went with the Holy Mother to Banras, and spent about a year in the company of Sannysins at Banras, Vrindvan, Hardwar, Hrishikesh and Swargashram. But he returned to Calcutta, as that city offered him the unique opportunity of associating himself with the places hallowed by the Master in his lifetime. Afterwards he does not seem to have gone to any far-off place, but stayed on in his room in the Morton School carrying on his spiritual ministry, speaking on the Master and his teachings to the large number of people who flocked to him after having read his famous Kathmrita known to English readers as The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna.
  --
  I now understand why none of us attempted His life before. It has been reserved for you, this great work. He is with you evidently." ( Vednta Kesari Vol. XIX P. 141. Also given in the first edition of the Gospel published from Ramakrishna Math, Madras in 1911.)
  And Swamiji added a post script to the letter: "Socratic dialogues are Plato all over you are entirely hidden. Moreover, the dramatic part is infinitely beautiful. Everybody likes it here or in the West." Indeed, in order to be unknown, Mahendranath had used the pen-name M., under which the book has been appearing till now. But so great a book cannot remain obscure for long, nor can its author remain unrecognised by the large public in these modern times. M. and his book came to be widely known very soon and to meet the growing demand, a full-sized book, Vol. I of the Gospel, translated by the author himself, was published in 1907 by the Brahmavadin Office, Madras. A second edition of it, revised by the author, was brought out by the Ramakrishna Math, Madras in December 1911, and subsequently a second part, containing new chapters from the original Bengali, was published by the same Math in 1922. The full English translation of the Gospel by Swami Nikhilananda appeared first in 1942.
  In Bengali the book is published in five volumes, the first part having appeared in 1902
  --
  It looks as if M. was brought to the world by the Great Master to record his words and transmit them to posterity. Swami Sivananda, a direct disciple of the Master and the second President of the Ramakrishna Math and Mission, says on this topic: "Whenever there was an interesting talk, the Master would call Master Mahashay if he was not in the room, and then draw his attention to the holy words spoken. We did not know then why the Master did so. Now we can realise that this action of the Master had an important significance, for it was reserved for Master Mahashay to give to the world at large the sayings of the Master." ( Vednta Kesari Vol. XIX P 141.) Thanks to M., we get, unlike in the case of the great teachers of the past, a faithful record with date, time, exact report of conversations, description of concerned men and places, references to contemporary events and personalities and a hundred other details for the last four years of the Master's life (1882-'86), so that no one can doubt the historicity of the Master and his teachings at any time in the future.
  M. was, in every respect, a true missionary of Sri Ramakrishna right from his first acquaintance with him in 1882. As a school teacher, it was a practice with him to direct to the Master such of his students as had a true spiritual disposition. Though himself prohibited by the Master to take to monastic life, he encouraged all spiritually inclined young men he came across in his later life to join the monastic Order. Swami Vijnanananda, a direct Sannysin disciple of the Master and a President of the Ramakrishna Order, once remarked to M.: "By enquiry, I have come to the conclusion that eighty percent and more of the Sannysins have embraced the monastic life after reading the Kathmrita (Bengali name of the book) and coming in contact with you." ( M
  --
  had sent his devotees who used to keep company with him, to attend the special worship at Belur Math at night. After attending the service at the home shrine, he went through the proof of the Kathmrita for an hour. Suddenly he got a severe attack of neuralgic pain, from which he had been suffering now and then, of late. Before 6 a.m. in the early hours of 4th June 1932 he passed away, fully conscious and chanting: 'Gurudeva-Ma, Kole tule na-o (Take me in your arms! O Master! O Mother!!)'
  SWMI TAPASYNANDA
  Sri Ramakrishna Math, Madras
  March 1974.

0.00 - The Wellspring of Reality, #Synergetics - Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking, #R Buckminster Fuller, #Science
  The principle of leverage is a scientific generalization. It makes no difference of what material either the fulcrum or the lever consists-wood, steel, or reinforced concrete. Nor do the special-case sizes of the lever and fulcrum, or of the load pried at one end, or the work applied at the lever's other end in any way alter either the principle or the Mathematical regularity of the ratios of physical work advantage that are provided at progressive fulcrum-to-load increments of distance outward from the fulcrum in the opposite direction along the lever's arm at which theoperating effort is applied.
  Mind is the weightless and uniquely human faculty that surveys the ever larger inventory of special-case experiences stored in the brain bank and, seeking to identify their intercomplementary significance, from time to time discovers one of the rare scientifically generalizable principles running consistently through all the relevant experience set. The thoughts that discover these principles are weightless and tentative and may also be eternal. They suggest eternity but do not prove it, even though there have been no experiences thus far that imply exceptions to their persistence. It seems also to follow that the more experiences we have, the more chances there are that the mind may discover, on the one hand, additional generalized principles or, on the other hand, exceptions that disqualify one or another of the already catalogued principles that, having heretofore held "true" without contradiction for a long time, had been tentatively conceded to be demonstrating eternal persistence of behavior. Mind's relentless reviewing of the comprehensive brain bank's storage of all our special-case experiences tends both to progressive enlargement and definitive refinement of the catalogue of generalized principles that interaccommodatively govern all transactions of Universe.

01.07 - Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 02, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   "The zeal for the Lord hath eaten me up." Such has indeed been the case with Pascal, almost literally. The fire that burned in him was too ardent and vehement for the vehicle, the material instrument, which was very soon used up and reduced to ashes. At twenty-four he was already a broken man, being struck with paralysis and neuras thenia; he died at the comparatively early age of 39, emulating, as it were, the life career of his Lord the Christ who died at 33. The Fire martyrised the body, but kindled and brought forth experiences and realisations that save and truths that abide. It was the Divine Fire whose vision and experience he had on the famous night of 23 November 1654 which brought about his final and definitive conversion. It was the same fire that had blazed up in his brain, while yet a boy, and made him a precocious genius, a marvel of intellectual power in the exact sciences. At 12 this prodigy discovered by himself the 32nd proposition of Euclid, Book I. At sixteen he wrote a treatise on conic sections. At nineteen he invented a calculating machine which, without the help of any Mathematical rule or process, gave absolutely accurate results. At twenty-three he published his experiments with vacuum. At twenty-five he conducted the well-known experiment from the tower of St. Jacques, proving the existence of atmospheric pressure. His studies in infinitesimal calculus were remarkably creative and original. And it might be said he was a pioneer in quite a new branch of Mathematics, viz., the Mathematical theory of probability. We shall see presently how his preoccupation with the Mathematics of chance and probability coloured and reinforced his metaphysics and theology.
   But the pressure upon his dynamic and heated brain the fiery zeal in his mindwas already proving too much and he was advised medically to take complete rest. Thereupon followed what was known as Pascal's mundane lifea period of distraction and dissipation; but this did not last long nor was it of a serious nature. The inner fire could brook no delay, it was eager and impatient to englobe other fields and domains. Indeed, it turned to its own field the heart. Pascal became initiated into the mystery of Faith and Grace. Still he had to pass through a terrible period of dejection and despair: the life of the world had given him no rest or relaxation, it served only to fill his cup of misery to the brim. But the hour of final relief was not long postponed: the Grace came to him, even as it came to Moses or St. Paul as a sudden flare of fire which burnt up the Dark Night and opened out the portals of Morning Glory.
  --
   The process of conversion of the doubting mind, of the dry intellectual reason as propounded and perhaps practised by Pascal is also a characteristic mark of his nature and genius. It is explained in his famous letter on "bet" or "game of chance" (Le Pari). Here is how he puts the issue to the doubting mind (I am giving the substance, not his words): let us say then that in the world we are playing a game of chance. How do the chances stand? What are the gains and losses if God does not exist? What 'are the gains and losses if God does exist? If God exists, by accepting and reaching him what do we gain? All that man cares forhappiness, felicity. And what do we lose? We lose the world of misery. If, on the other 'hand, God does not exist, by believing him to exist, we lose nothing, we are not more miserable than what we are. If, however, God exists and we do not believe him, we gain this world of misery but we lose all that is worth having. Thus Pascal concludes that even from the standpoint of mere gain and loss, belief in God is more advantageous than unbelief. This is how he applied to metaphysics the Mathematics of probability.
   One is not sure if such reasoning is convincing to the intellect; but perhaps it is a necessary stage in conversion. At least we can conclude that Pascal had to pass through such a stage; and it indicates the difficulty his brain had to undergo, the tension or even the torture he made it pass through. It is true, from Reason Pascal went over to Faith, even while giving Reason its due. Still it seems the two were not perfectly synthetised or fused in him. There was a gap between that was not thoroughly bridged. Pascal did not possess the higher, intuitive, luminous mind that mediates successfully between the physical discursive ratiocinative brain-mind and the vision of faith: it is because deep in his consciousness there lay this chasm. Indeed,Pascal's abyss (l' abme de Pascal) is a well-known legend. Pascal, it appears, used to have very often the vision of an abyss about to open before him and he shuddered at the prospect of falling into it. It seems to us to be an experience of the Infinity the Infinity to which he was so much attracted and of which he wrote so beautifully (L'infiniment grand et l'infiniment petit)but into which he could not evidently jump overboard unreservedly. This produced a dichotomy, a lack of integration of personality, Jung would say. Pascal's brain was cold, firm, almost rigid; his heart was volcanic, the faith he had was a fire: it lacked something of the pure light and burned with a lurid glare.

01.08 - Walter Hilton: The Scale of Perfection, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 02, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   From the twentieth century back to the fourteenth is a far cry: a far cry indeed from the modern scientific illumination to mediaeval superstition, from logical positivists and Mathematical rationalists to visionary mystics, from Russell and Huxley to Ruysbroeck and Hilton. The mystic lore, the Holy Writ, the mediaeval sage says, echoing almost the very words of the Eastern Masters, "may not be got by study nor through man's travail only, but principally by the grace of the Holy Ghost." As for the men living and moving in the worldly way, there are "so mickle din and crying in their heart and vain thoughts and fleshly desires" that it is impossible for them to listen or understand the still small voice. It is the pure soul touched by the Grace that alone "seeth soothfastness of Holy Writ wonderly shewed and opened, above study and travail and reason of man's kindly (i.e. natural) wit."
   What is day to us is night to the mystics and what is day to the mystics is night for us. The first thing the mystic asks is to close precisely those doors and windows which we, on the contrary, feel obliged to keep always open in order to know and to live and move. The Gita says: "The sage is wakeful when it is night for all creatures and when all creatures are wakeful, that is night for the sage." Even so this sage from the West says: "The more I sleep from outward things, the more wakeful am I in knowing of Jhesu and of inward things. I may not wake to Jhesu, but if I sleep to the world."

0.10 - Letters to a Young Captain, #Some Answers From The Mother, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
  X told us the favourite story of Dr. Y, the Mathematics teacher: "A sculptor was working on a block of
  stone near a village. One by one the villagers gathered

0 1958-05-01, #Agenda Vol 01, #unset, #Zen
   I saw there (center of the heart) the Master of the Yoga; he was no different from me, but nevertheless I saw him, and he even seemed slightly imbued with color. Well, he does everything, he decides everything, he organizes everything with an almost Mathematical precision and in the smallest detailseverything.
   To do the divine Will I have been doing the sadhana for a long time, and I can say that not a day has passed that I have not done the Divines Will. But I didnt know what it was! I was living in all the inner realms, from the subtle physical to the highest regions, yet I didnt know what it was I always had to listen, to refer things, to pay attention. Now, no morebliss! There are no more problems, and everything is done in such harmony! Even if I had to leave my body, I would be in bliss! And it would happen in the best possible way.

0 1958-11-08, #Agenda Vol 01, #unset, #Zen
   I dont think I am mistaken, for there was such a superabundant feeling of power, of warmth, of gold It was not fluid, it was like a powdering. And each of these things (they cannot be called specks or fragments, nor even points, unless you understand it in the Mathematical sense, a point that occupies no space) was something equivalent to a Mathematical point, but like living gold, a powdering of warm gold. I cannot say it was sparkling, I cannot say it was dark, nor was it made of light, either: a multitude of tiny points of gold, nothing but that. They seemed to be touching my eyes, my face and with such an inherent power and warmthit was a splendor! And then, at the same time, the feeling of a plenitude, the PEACE of omnipotence It was rich, it was full. It was movement at its ultimate, infinitely swifter than all one can imagine, and at the same time it was absolute peace, perfect tranquillity.
   (Mother resumes her message)

0 1961-01-31, #Agenda Vol 02, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   It is striking that Mother's body-experiences very often parallel recent theories of modern physics, as if Mathematical equations were the means of formulating in human language certain complex phenomena, remote from our day to day reality, which Mother was living spontaneously in her bodyperhaps 'at the speed of light.'
   ***

0 1961-02-11, #Agenda Vol 02, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   Since 'Bohr's atom' at the beginning of the century, which with its electrons orbiting around a central nucleus like planets around a sun was to have been the Mathematical model representing the ultimate constituent of matter, nuclear physicists have discovered many new elementary particles in the universe: from leptons to baryons, with neutrinos, pions, kaons, psi and khi particles in between!
   A recentand unifying (!)theory postulated by the American Nobel Laureate, Murray Gell-Mann, would reduce this somewhat startling enumeration to more reasonable proportions through the introduction of a unique sub-particle constituting all matter: the quark. Nevertheless, there would still exist several kinds of quarks (e.g., 'strange,' 'charmed,' 'colored' in red, yellow and blue) for accommodating the various qualities of matter. A proton, for example, would consist of three quarks: red, yellow and blue. However, it should be noted that quarks are basically Mathematical intermediaries to facilitate the comprehension or interpretation of certain experiments thus far unexplained. Moreover, the simple question still remains, even if they do exist materially: 'What are quarks made of?'
   Nevertheless, a Mathematical model resulting from a recent theory that attempts to represent our material universe strangely resembles Mother's perception, for it postulates a milieu consisting entirely of electromagnetic waves of very high frequency. According to this theory, Matter itself is the 'coagulation' of these waves at the moment they exceed a certain frequency threshold; our perception of emptiness, of fullness, of the hard or the transparent, being finally due only to the differences in vibratory frequencies'vibratory modes within the same thing.'
   But what is this 'same thing'?

0 1961-04-29, #Agenda Vol 02, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   I have seen other things but I have rarely seen anything favorable in churches. Here, I remember going to M I was taken inside and received there in quite an unusual waya highly respected person introduced me as a great saint! They led me up to the main altar where people are not usually allowed to go, and what did I see there! An asura (oh, not a very high-ranking one, more like a rakshasa4), but such a monster! Hideous. So I went wham! (gesture of giving a blow) I thought something was going to happen. But this being left the altar and came over to try to intimidate me; of course, he saw it was useless, so he offered to make an alliance: If you just keep quiet and dont do anything, I will share all I get with you. Well, I sent him packing! The head of this Math5. It was a Math with a monastery and temple, which means a substantial fortune; the head of the Math has it all at his disposal for as long as he holds the position and he is appointed for life. But he has to name his successor and as a rule, his own life is considerably shortened by the successorthis is how it works. Everyone knew that the present head had considerably shortened the life of his predecessor. And what a creature! As asuric as the god he worshipped! I saw some poor fellows throw themselves at his feet (he must have been squeezing them pitilessly), to beg forgiveness and mercyan absolutely ruthless man. But he received meyou should have seen it! I said nothing, not a word about their god; I gave no sign that I knew anything. But I thought to myself, So thats how it is!
   Another thing happened to me in a fishing village near A., on the seashore, where there is a temple dedicated to Kalia terrible Kali. I dont know what happened to her, but she had been buried with only her head sticking out! A fantastic story I knew nothing about it at all. I was going by car from A. to this temple and halfway there a black form, in great agitation, came rushing towards me, asking for my help: Ill give you everything I haveall my power, all the peoples worshipif you help me to become omnipotent! Of course, I answered her as she deserved! I later asked who this was, and they told me that some sort of misfortune had befallen her and she had been buried with only her head above ground. And every year this fishing village has a festival and slaughters thousands of chickensshe likes chicken! Thousands of chickens. They pluck them on the spot (the whole place gets covered with feathers), and then, after offering the blood and making the sacrifice, the people, naturally, eat them all up. The day I came this had taken place that very morningfea thers littered everywhere! It was disgusting. And she was asking for my help!
  --
   To know, know, KNOW! You see, I knew nothing, really, nothing but the things of ordinary life: external knowledge. I had learned everything I had been given to learn. I not only learned what I was taught but also what my brother was taughthigher Mathematics and all that! I learned and I learned and I learned and it was NOTHING. None of it explained anything to menothing. I couldnt understand a thing!
   To know!
  --
   Math: monastery.
   Kalki: the last Avatar. He rides a white horse.

0 1962-02-13, #Agenda Vol 03, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   In a letter dated August 16, 1935, Sri Aurobindo writes: "Now I have got the hang of the whole hanged thinglike a very Einstein I have got the Mathematical formula of the whole affair (unintelligible as in his own case to anybody but myself) and am working it out figure by figure."
   Once again, it is interesting to note that animals or plants, even "things," seem to respond to the influence more readily than men.

0 1962-05-15, #Agenda Vol 03, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   Striking though the parallel may be, there is still a fundamental difference between these Mathematical concepts and Mothers experience. In the first case, we are dealing with conceptual instruments used by the human mind to better explain and master the world: no one has actually seen electromagnetic wavesnot to speak of gravitational ones! They are images, convenient models, invisible and nonexistent in themselves. They exist only through their effects: a beam of sunlight, which is an electromagnetic wave, strikes our retina and enables us to distinguish a flower; by means of gravitational waves, Newtons apple falls from the tree but no one has lived the reality of those waves. The way Mother grasps reality, on the contrary, is first and foremost through lived experience. She is the movement, she is the wave: I walk around the room, and that is what is walking. Here we touch upon a stupendous mystery and a formidable question: How is it possible for a material and cellular body to be the wave that at once constitutes and carries the worlds along in its infinite undulating movement and governs the existence of atoms and galaxies? How is it possible to be an infinite and ubiquitous electromagnetic wave while remaining within the narrow confines of a human body?
   In being THAT, it might be said, Mother thus resolves the famous question of the unified-field theory, the theory to which Einstein devoted the last years of his life in vain, that would describe the movements of both planets and atoms in a single Mathematical equation. Mothers body-consciousness is one with the movement of the universe, Mother lives the unified-field theory in her body. In so doing she opens up to us not merely one more physical theory, but the very path to a new species on earth, a species that will physically and materially live on the scale of the universe. The posthuman species might not simply be one with a few organs more or less, but rather one capable of being at every point in the universe. A sort of material ubiquity. It may not be so much a new as an ubiquitous species, a species that embraces everything, from the blade of grass under our feet to the far galaxies. A multifarious, undulating existence. A resume or epitome of evolution, really, which at the end of its course again becomes each point and each species and each movement of its own evolution.
   There was, in fact, a whole group of Ashram people (they might be called the Ashram "intelligentsia") who, influenced by Subhas Bose, were strongly in favor of the Nazis and the Japanese against the British. (It should be recalled that the British were the invaders of India, and thus many people considered Britain's enemies to be automatically India's friends.) It reached the point where Sri Aurobindo had to intervene forcefully and write: "I affirm again to you most strongly that this is the Mother's war.... The victory of one side (the Allies) would keep the path open for the evolutionary forces: the victory of the other side would drag back humanity, degrade it horribly and might lead even, at the worst, to its eventual failure as a race, as others in the past evolution failed and perished.... The Allies at least have stood for human values, though they may often act against their own best ideals (human beings always do that); Hitler stands for diabolical values or for human values exaggerated in the wrong way until they become diabolical.... That does not make the English or Americans nations of spotless angels nor the Germans a wicked and sinful race, but...." (July 29, 1942 and Sept. 3, 1943, Cent. Ed., Vol. XXVI.394 ff.) And on her side also, Mother had to publicly declare: "It has become necessary to state emphatically and clearly that all who by their thoughts and wishes are supporting and calling for the victory of the Nazis are by that very fact collaborating with the Asura against the Divine and helping to bring about the victory of the Asura.... Those, therefore, who wish for the victory of the Nazis and their associates should now understand that it is a wish for the destruction of our work and an act of treachery against Sri Aurobindo." (May 6, 1941, original English.)

0 1962-06-09, #Agenda Vol 03, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   In fact, physicists today unanimously admit that the Mathematical "models" explaining the corpuscular structure of matter have become excessively complex: "There are too many kinds of quarks [theoretical elementary particles and 'ultimate' constituents of matter] and far too many of their aspects are unobservable." There is a call for a simpler working hypothesis, a new idea, simplifying and unifying, that would explain matter without recourse to "unobservables."
   And it may well be that the seed of this "idea" is concealed in Mother's simple but enigmatic words: "Everything has one and the same constituent element; and everything lies IN the interrelations."

0 1962-07-21, #Agenda Vol 03, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   The peculiarity of this yoga is that until there is siddhi above the foundation does not become perfect. Those who have been following my course had kept many of the old samskaras; some of them have dropped away, but others still remain. There was the samskara of Sannyasa, even the wish to create an Aravinda Math [Sri Aurobindo monastery]. Now the intellect has recognized that Sannyasa is not what is wanted, but the stamp of the old idea has not yet been effaced from the prana [breath, life energy]. And so there was next this talk of remaining in the midst of the world, as a man of worldly activities and yet a man of renunciation. The necessity of renouncing desire has been understood, but the harmony of renunciation of desire with enjoyment of Ananda has not been rightly seized by the mind. And they took up my Yoga because it was very natural to the Bengali temperament, not so much from the side of Knowledge as from the side of Bhakti and Karma [Works]. A little knowledge has come in, but the greater part has escaped; the mist of sentimentalism has not been dissipated, the groove of the sattwic bhava [religious fervor] has not been broken. There is still the ego. I am not in haste, I allow each to develop according to his nature. I do not want to fashion all in the same mould. That which is fundamental will indeed be one in all, but it will express itself in many forms. Everybody grows, forms from within. I do not want to build from outside. The basis is there, the rest will come.
   What I am aiming at is not a society like the present rooted in division. What I have in view is a Samgha [community] founded in the spirit and in the image of its oneness. It is with this idea that the name Deva Samgha has been given the commune of those who want the divine life is the Deva Samgha. Such a Samgha will have to be established in one place at first and then spread all over the country. But if any shadow of egoism falls over this endeavor, then the Samgha will change into a sect. The idea may very naturally creep in that such and such a body is the one true Samgha of the future, the one and only centre, that all else must be its circumference, and that those outside its limits are not of the fold or even if they are, have gone astray, because they think differently.

0 1963-02-23, #Agenda Vol 04, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   We have a great Mathematician here who comes from Madras regularly, Dr. V. (you know him, dont you?), and for my birthday,1 he played around with the figures of my date of birth and made up with them a square with small compartments (what a painstaking work it must be!): any way you read it, it always adds up to the same figure. Admirable. The figure is 116. Heavenly Mathematics, all that (!) and it is supposed to be my number of years. But I find it a little on the short side. Because if the present pace is any indication, 116 doesnt leave me many years, thirty years or so yes, some thirty years, thats all. What can you achieve in thirty years?! The way things are moving, oh! When Sri Aurobindo said three hundred years, I think he gave the minimum figure.
   Well see.

0 1963-05-11, #Agenda Vol 04, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   Eight is the symbol of infinity for Mathematicians ().
   Exactly. Its very interesting.

0 1964-01-04, #Agenda Vol 05, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   He is a very good man, but very ignorantit seems funny to say that about a pundit, a great pundit who knows Sanskrit better than the head of the Maths [monasteries] of the South, but I say that he lacks this: the opening up above. He has a connection in a straight line (gesture tapering off to a point above), and indeed its very high up, but its a pinpointa sharp point that gives him an experience which is his ALONE: he cannot pass it on to others. You understand, it isnt an immensity rising upward: its a pinpoint.
   Last time, when he came to meditate, just before he came upstairs, all of a sudden I felt the Lord coming (He has a particular way of becoming concrete when He wants me to do something), and He became concrete with the will that I should take advantage of this mans goodwill to widen his consciousness. It was very clear. And He became concrete with a Power, you know, one of those overwhelming Powers and a wonderful Love. It came like that, and he was caught in the Movementwhat he was conscious of, I cannot say. But when he left the room, he said he had had an experience. And this time, he was quite sincere, spontaneous, natural, not trying to to make a show.2 It was very good.

0 1964-08-08, #Agenda Vol 05, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   He was an inventive manmy father also had a very inventive imagination. But my father was a first-rate Mathematician, while I dont know about this man. He had invented a meditating machine! It was really very interesting, I even brought it back; but it worked with batteries and I couldnt replace them, so its useless now. It must still be around somewhere. But its a machine like the prayer wheel, something of that sort, but it was a meditating machine! It was very interesting. There are some strange things.
   ***

0 1965-07-21, #Agenda Vol 06, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   We cannot help thinking of Sri Aurobindo's " Mathematical formula": "Now," he wrote on 16 August 1935, "I have got the hang of the whole hanged thinglike a very Einstein I have got the Mathematical formula of the whole affair (unintelligible as in his case to anybody but myself) and am working it out figure by figure." Mother uses almost the same words.
   See in particular Conversations with Pavitra of 20 November 1926. Pavitra complained that "this mechanical part of the mind is carrying me along." And Sri Aurobindo replied, "It is simply an outer functioning and it will be rejected in the course of the procedure." That was in 1926. Sri Aurobindo changed his mind later, perhaps in fact when he discovered his " Mathematical formula."

0 1966-12-17, #Agenda Vol 07, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   A child from the School asked me, How can Mathematics, history or sciences help me to find you?
   I found that quite amusing!

0 1967-02-18, #Agenda Vol 08, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   Do you know little S.?1 Have you ever spoken to her? Ive heard she beats sixteen-and seventeen-year-old boys at logic and new Mathematics. I saw her today. She is obviously quite remarkably intelligent. And yesterday was her birthday. You know that Y. (her adoptive mother) has gone into hospital; and when she went she asked me to send something to Thoth every day (you know who Thoth2 is dont you?), because it seems that whenever he receives something from me, he is quite calm for two hours. Very well. So I sent something the first day (that was yesterday). And yesterday was little S.s birthday. I thought that rather than for her to fetch from the secretary the fruit I give for Thoth, it would be better if she came to see me at ten and Id give her her card and her bouquet of flowers at the same time. But then, everything is disorganized and not very efficient: she wasnt informed. When she came it was too late because it was 10:30 or 11 while I had said before ten. So she wrote me a letter. I saw the girl today, she is really very intelligent, no doubt about that, and here is her letter. (Note that when she came to live with Y., she knew French because she had learned it with the Sistersshe was a pupil at the Mission some three years agoand for three years Y. has been giving her French lessons.) So here is the childs letter:
   (translation)
  --
   But now, with this new logic and new Mathematics, a whole set of new signs is beginning to be universal, that is to say, the same signs express the same ideas or things in all countries, whatever language is used in the country, quite independently.
   These new thoughts and new experiences, this new logic and new Mathematics, are now taught in higher studies, but all the primary and secondary studies have remained in the old formula, so I have been very seriously thinking of opening primary and secondary schools in Auroville, based on the new systemas a trial.
   But how is it done? Its a problem that interests me very much: how do you catch this new expression?

0 1967-07-26, #Agenda Vol 08, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   Once in my life I took an exam (I forget which one), but I was just at the age limit, that is I was too young to sit at the time of the regular exam, so they had me sit with those who had flunked the first exam (I sat at that time because it was autumn, and then I was old enough). And I remember, we were a small group, the teachers were greatly annoyed because their holidays had been cut short, and the students were for the most part rather mediocre, or else rebellious. There I was, observing all that (I was very young, you understand, I dont remember how old, thirteen or fourteen), observing the whole thing: a poor little girl had been called to the blackboard to do a Mathematical problem, and she didnt know how to do it, she kept stammering. Me (I wasnt being questioned just then), I looked and smiledoh, dear! The teacher saw me and was quite displeased. As soon as the girl was sent back, he called me and said, You do it. Well, naturally (I loved Mathematics very much, really very much, and also I understood, it made sense), I did the problem the chaps face! You see, I wasnt in that (in the small outward person): I was constantly a witness. And I had the most extraordinary fun. So I know the way children are, the way teachers are, I know all that, I had great fun, really great fun.
   At home, my brother was studying advanced Mathematics (it was to enter Polytechnique2), and he found it difficult, so my mother had engaged a tutor to coach him. I was two years younger than my brother. I used to look on, and everything would become clear: the why, the how, it all was clear. So the teacher was working hard, my brother was working hard, when suddenly I said, But its like this! Then I saw the teachers face! It seems he went and told my mother, Its your daughter who should be learning! (Mother laughs) And it was all like a picture, you understand, so funny, so funny! So I know, I remember, I know the reactions, the habits. Thats why I didnt want to look after the School here because I thought it would be a headache and everyone would fall on me! Then I was forced to because of that copying affair. But now I find it funny! (Laughing) And I tell them outrageous things!
   Its so amusing, so amusing!

0 1969-05-21, #Agenda Vol 10, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   I felt something in the brain. You know that since Sri Aurobindo gave me mental silence, it has been absolutely still; it never started up again as before, and the consciousness has been there (gesture above Mother), working from there. But then after Pavitra came here, something (gesture to the forehead) impelled me to ask (I asked whats here, within), Could I get the Mathematical knowledge you had? I asked him that. And his answer was, Of course, it would be easy if you set this in motion again! But that I dont want to do. Anyway
   Anyway, thats how it is, as if I were talking to someone within!

0 1969-11-29, #Agenda Vol 10, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   A rather interesting phenomenon has taken place . The vital and the mind had gone away, and when the Consciousness worked in the body, it reconstituted a vital and a mind WITHIN the body itself. And thats very interesting, because the body has taken extreme interest in learning lots of things: it has asked questions about external things, Mathematical things, all those things that specifically belong to the mind. And it has learned them very easily the PRINCIPLE of those things has been learned very easily. It immediately felt it needed to learn them.
   Its interesting.

0 1971-05-15, #Agenda Vol 12, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   This is where we are today. That which we want to avoid returns upon us with tenfold force. The hour for political calculation, for the pros and cons of our petty Mathematics of expediency (which always goes awry) is past. The time has come to rediscover the Great Direction of India, which is really the Great Direction of the world, and to place our faith in the Spirit that guides her Destiny, rejecting petty fears of a phantom world opinion and doing away with the little supports which only lend support to the Enemy. Tomorrow America will perhaps resume her economic aid to Pakistan on the pretext of counteracting the Chinese presence. The Bangladesh slaughter will be honorably justified by a pseudoregime which will operate with the blessings of the international community. But one does not cheat the tide of history: for the third time our little compromises will crumble and we will find ourselves confronted with a terrible ordeal, its intensity nourished by our own successive failures in the past. The sooner not only India, but America and Russia too, understand the unreality of Pakistan and the magnitude of what is at stake at the borders of India, the sooner may the looming catastrophe be halted before it becomes totally and definitely irrevocable. One thing is certain, wrote Sri Aurobindo a few months before his passing, that if there is too much shilly-shallying and if America gives up now her defence of Korea [we could say even more: the defense of Bangladesh] she may be driven to yield position after position until it is too late: at one point or another she will have to stand and face the necessity of drastic action even if it leads to war.
   For the battle of India is the battle of the world. This is where the worlds tragic destiny is brewing, or its last-minute burst of hope into a new world of Truth and Light, for it is said that the deepest darkness lies nearest the most luminous light.

0 1971-05-26, #Agenda Vol 12, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   (Mother had asked a young Indian disciple, M., a Mathematics teacher in the School, to read the English translation of "Supermanhood" and to give his opinion.)
   Well then?
  --
   (M.:) I didnt read it with a very critical mind, Mother, but one reaction I did have, I can say frankly: I felt that what Satprem says is natural and it should be kept simple. It reminded me of a similar analogy as when I do a Mathematical problem that I find extremely difficult, but once Ive found the solution, I always think, But it was so simple! All you had to do was draw this line and everything comes out! I found the book a little like that.
   (Mother nods her head)

0 1971-10-06, #Agenda Vol 12, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
   Its almost Mathematical, you know.
   It FEELS that way. I dont know. Its up to the Divine Will.

02.02 - Lines of the Descent of Consciousness, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 03, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   We have, till now, spoken of the evolution of consciousness as a movement of ascension, consisting of a double process of sublimation and integration. But ascension itself is only one line of a yet another larger double process. For along with the visible movement of ascent, there is a hidden movement of descent. The ascent represents the pressure from below, the force of buoyancy exerted by the involved and secreted consciousness. But the mere drive from below is not sufficient all by itself to bring out or establish the higher status. The higher status itself has to descend in order to be manifest. The urge from below is an aspiration, a yearning to move ever upward and forward; but the precise goal, the status to be arrived at is not given there. The more or less vague and groping surge from below is canalised, if assumes a definite figure and shape, assumes a local habitation and a name when the higher descends at the crucial moment, takes the lower at its peak-tide and fixes upon it its own norm and form. We have said that all the levels of consciousness have been createdloosened outby a first Descent; but in the line of the first Descent the only level that stands in front at the outset is Matter all the other levels are created no doubt but remain invisible in the background, behind the gross veil of Matter. Each status stands confined, as it were, to its own region and bides its time when each will be summoned to concretise itself in Matter. Thus Life was already there on the plane of Life even when it did not manifest itself in Matter, when mere Matter, dead Matter was the only apparent reality on the material plane. When Matter was stirred and churned sufficiently so as to reach a certain tension and saturation, when it was raised to a certain degree of maturity, as it were, then Life appeared: Life appeared, not because that was the inevitable and unavoidable result of the churning, but because Life descended from its own level to the level of Matter and took Matter up in its embrace. The churning, the development in Matter was only the occasion, the condition precedent. For, however much one may shake or churn Matter, whatever change one may create in it by a shuffling and reshuffling of its elements, one can never produce Life by that alone. A new and unforeseen factor makes its appearance, precisely because it comes from elsewhere. It is true all the planes are imbedded, submerged, involved in the complex of Matter; but, in point of fact, all planes are involved in every other plane. The appearance or manifestation of a new plane is certainly prepared, made ready to the last the last but onedegree by the urge of the inner, the latent mode of consciousness that is to be; still the actualisation, the bursting forth happens only when the thing that has to manifest itself descends, the actual form and pattern can be imprinted and established by that alone. Thus, again, when Life attains a certain level of growth and maturity, a certain tension and orientationa definite vector, so to say, in the Mathematical languagewhen it has, for example, sufficiently organised itself as a vehicle of the psychic element of consciousness, then it buds forth into Mind, but only when the Mind has descended upon it and into it. As in the previous stage, here also Life cannot produce Mind, cannot develop into Mind by any amount of mechanical or chemical operations within itself, by any amount of permutation and combination or commutation and culture of its constituent elements, unless it is seized on by Mind itself. After the Mind, the next higher grade of consciousness shall come by the same method and process, viz. first by an uplifting of the mental consciousnessa certain widening and deepening and katharsis of the mental consciousness and then by a descent, gradual or sudden, of the level or levels that lie above it.
   This, then, is the nature of creation and its process. First, there is an Involution, a gradual foreshorteninga disintegration and concretisation, an exclusive concentration and self-oblivion of consciousness by which the various levels of diminishing consciousness are brought forth from the plenary light of the one supreme Spirit, all the levels down to the complete eclipse in the unconsciousness of the multiple and disintegrate Matter. Next, there is an Evolution, that is to say, embodiment in Matter of all these successive states, appearing one by one from the down most to the topmost; Matter incarnates, all other states contri bute to the incarnation and uphold it, the higher always transforming the lower in a new degree of consciousness.

02.05 - The Godheads of the Little Life, #Savitri, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
  And Mathematises her huge external world,
  To Reason bound within the circle of sense,

02.07 - India One and Indivisable, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   It will do no good to anyone to try to Balkanise India. The Balkan malady is no longer tolerated even in its homeland; it cannot be transported to India in this century and after this Great War. To be and remain free and strong and invincible, India must be and remain indivisible. The strength of the United States of America, of the United Soviets of the Russias, of the British Commonwealth (pace Churchill) lies precisely in each one of them being a large unified aggregate, all members pooling their resources together. India cannot maintain her freedom, nor utilise her freedom to its utmost effectivity unless she is one and indivisible. The days of small peoples, of isolated independence are gonegone for ever even like Thebes and Nineveh, like Kosala of Dasarathi and Mathura of Yadupati.
   India can be and is to be a federation of autonomous units. But then we must very carefully choose or find out the units, those that are real units and not fractions (especially irrational fractions) and at the same time lay as much stress on federation as on autonomy. To choose or create units on the basis of religion or race or caste or creed, that is exactly what we mean by irrationalism, in other words, mediaevalism. The Units must be, on one side, geographical wholes, and, on the other, cultural (or spiritualnot religious) wholes.

02.10 - The Kingdoms and Godheads of the Little Mind, #Savitri, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
  An algebra of her Mathematics’ signs,
  Her numbers and unerring formulas

02.11 - The Kingdoms and Godheads of the Greater Mind, #Savitri, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
  Checked in his Mathematised omnipotence,
  Lost its divine aspect of miracle

03.02 - The Gradations of Consciousness The Gradation of Planes, #The Integral Yoga, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
  But all this must not be taken in too rigid and mechanical a sense. It is an immense plastic movement full of the play of possibilities and must be seized by a flexible and subtle tact or sense in the seeing consciousness. It cannot be reduced to a too rigorous logical or Mathematical formula.
  The physical is not the only world; there are others that we become aware of through dream records, through the subtle senses, through influences and contacts, through imagination, intuition and vision. There are worlds of a larger subtler life than ours, vital worlds; worlds in which Mind builds its own forms and figures, mental worlds; psychic worlds which are the soul's home; others above with which we have little contact. In each of us there is a mental plane of consciousness, a psychic, a vital, a subtle physical as well as the gross physical and material plane.

03.05 - Some Conceptions and Misconceptions, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 03, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   The exclusive concentration was the logical and inevitable final term of a movement of separativity and exteriorisation. It had its necessity and utility. Its special function was utilised by Nature for precision and perfection in details of execution in the most material order of reality. Indeed, what can be more exact and accurate than the laws of physics, the Mathematical laws that govern the movements of the material particles? Furthermore, if we look at the scientist himself, do we not find in him an apt image of the same phenomenon? A scientist means a specialist the more specialised and restricted his view, the surer he is likely to be in his particular domain. And specialised knowledge means a withdrawal from other fields and viewpoints of knowledge, an ignorance of them. Likewise, a workman who moulds the head of a pin is all concentrated upon that single point of existencehe forgets the whole world and himself in that act whose perfect execution seems to depend upon the measure of his self-oblivion. But evidently this is not bound to be so. A one-pointed self-absorption that is Ignoranceis certainly an effective way of dealing with material objectsthings of Ignorance; but it is not the only way. It is a way or mechanism adopted by Nature in a certain status under certain conditions. One need not always forget oneself in the act in order to do the act perfectly. An unconscious instinctive act is not always best doneit can be done best consciously, intuitively. A wider knowledge, a greater acquaintance with objects and facts and truths of other domains too is being more and more insisted upon as a surer basis of specialisation. The pinpointed (one might almost say geometrically pointed) consciousness in Matter that resolves itself into unconsciousness acts perfectly but blindly; the vast consciousness also acts there with absolute perfection but consciouslyconscious in the highest degree.
   As we have said, super-consciousness does not confine itself to the supreme status alone, to the domain of pure infinity, but it comes down and embraces the most inferior status too, the status of the finite. Precisely because it is infinity, it is not bound to its infinity but can express its infinity in and through infinite limits.

03.09 - Buddhism and Hinduism, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 02, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Buddhist logic considers negation as a simple contrary to affirmation; it is not an entity, it is the lack of entity. Zero or cypher means simple absence. Hindu logic makes of negation a positive statement but on the minus side, even as Hindu Mathematics did not consider a zero as valueless but gave a special value, a value of position to it. Do we not hear of negative positives (positron) in modern science today?
   The Buddhists deny likewise the real existence of general ideas: according to them only individuals are real existences, general ideas are mere abstractions. The Hindus, on the other hand, like Plato who must have been influenced by them, affirm the reality of general ideas-although real need not always mean material.

03.14 - Mater Dolorosa, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 03, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Doubters ask, however, if sinners alone suffered, one would not perhaps mind; but along with sinners why should innocents, nay even the virtuous, pass under the axe? What sins indeed babes commit? Are the sins of the fathers truly visited upon coming generations? A queer arrangement, to say the least, if there is a wise and just and benevolent God! Yes, how many honest people, people who strive to live piously, honestly and honourably, according to the law of righteousness, fail to escape! All equally undergo the same heavy punishment. Is it not then nearer the truth to say that a most mechanical Nature, a mere gamble of chance, a statistical equation, as Mathematicians say, moves the destiny of creatures and things in the universe, that there is nowhere a heart or consciousness in the whole business?
   Some believers in God or in the Spirit admit that it is so. The world is the creation of another being, a not-God, a not-Spiritwhe ther Maya or Ahriman or the Great Evil. One has simply to forget the world, abandon earthly existence altogether as a nightmare. Peace, felicity one can possess and enjoy but not here in this vale of tears, anityam asukham lokam imam, but elsewhere beyond.

03.15 - Towards the Future, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 02, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Pursuing the Mathematical imagery we may describe the Buddhist equation as desire raised to the power of zero equals Nirvana: D=Zero. Buddha thought like that. He thought annihilation of desire means annihilation of existence, for he equated desire with existence. But Mathematics tells us that anything raised to the power of zero is not zero but one, that is, the unit, the pure existenceSat (or Sachchidananda as the Vedantists say.
   Science and Mathematics tell us today of a truth or just point to a truth which a spiritual realisation reveals. It is, as I have already said, the mystery of transformation, or transubstantiation as the Christian faith figures it.
   This world, this material existence is to be transmuted the portion of earthly human existence at least, with which we are most concerned. It is at present made of ignorance and sorrow and incapacity-composed of the particles of these entities; poor and sorry as they are, these have to be replaced by entities of light and joy and love, of peace and strength and wideness. Well, it is a transmutation or transubstantiation of the kind which Nature has already attempted as an experiment; I am referring to the alchemy of fossilisation. The present human formation must be dipped and soaked-and held under high pressure in an environment of the desired material or materials that one has in view.

04.02 - Human Progress, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 03, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   It can be mentioned here that there can be a knowledge of ends without a corresponding knowledge of means, even there can be a control over ends without a preliminary control over meansperhaps not to perfection, but to a sufficient degree of practical utility. Much of the knowledgeespecially secular and scientificin ancient times was of this order; what we mean to say is that the knowledge was more instinctive or intuitive than rational or intellectual. In that knowledge the result only, the end that it to say, was the chief aim and concern, the means for attaining the end was, one cannot perhaps say, ignored, but slurred or slipped over as it were: the process was thus involved or understood, not expressed or detailed out. Thus we know of some Mathematical problems to which correct solutions were given of which the process is not extant or lost as some say. Our suggestion is that there was in fact very little of the process as we know it now the solution was reached per saltum, that is to say, somehow, in the same manner as we find it happening even today in child prodigies.
   One can point out however that even before the modern scientific age, there was an epoch of pure intellectual activity, as represented, for example, by scholasticism. The formal intellectualism which was the gift of the Greek sophists or the Mimansakas and grammarians in ancient India has to be recognised as a pure mental movement, freed from all life value or biological bias. What then is the difference? What is the new characteristic element brought in by the modern scientific intellectualism?

04.07 - Matter Aspires, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   For example, the computing machine. It has been developed to a marvellous extent. Not only big but complicated calculations are done by it, not only the four major arithmetical operations, but higher algebraic and trigonometrical problems too are tackled successfully. The electronic computer seems to possess a veritable Mathematical brain.
   It is asked now if the machine is capable of so much Mathematics, may it not be capable also of poetic creation? The possibility has been discussed in a very lively and interesting manner in The Hibbert Journal (October, '49 and January, '50). The writer Sir Robert Watson-Watt thinks it is not impossible, indeed quite possible, for a machine to write, for example, a sonnet. Only the question will be with regard to the kind the quality and standardof the poetic creation. What will come out of the machine will depend upon what has been put into it, that is to say, what the brain that constructed it succeeded in transplanting into it. The writer after weighing the pros and cons arrives at the remarkable and amusing conclusion that a machine built by a second class brain may succeed in producing a poem of third class merit, but it can never produce anything first class. To produce a first class poem through a machine at least a first class brain' must work at it. But the pity is that a Shakespeare or a Milton would prefer to write straight away a poem himself instead of trying to work it out through a machine which may give out in the end only a second class or worse production.
   I said it is an amusing discussion. But what is apt to be forgotten in such "scientific" discussions is, as has been pointed out by Rev. Trethowan in his criticism of Sir Robert, that all genuine creation is a freak, that is to say, it is a movement of freedom, of incalculable spontaneity. A machine is exactly the sum of its component parts; it can give that work (both as regards quantity and quality) which is confined within the frame and function of the parts. Man's creative power is precisely this that it can make two and two not merely four but infinity. There is a force of intervention in him whichupsets the rule of the parallelogram of forces that normally governs Matter and even his own physical brain and mind. There is in him truly a deus ex machine. Poetry, art, all creative act is a revelation, an intrusion of a truth, a reality from another plane, of quite a different order, into the rigid actuality and factual determinism.. Man's secret person is a sovereignly free will. A machine is wholly composed of actualities-the given-and brings out only a resultant of the permutation and combination of the data: it is a pure deduction.

05.05 - In Quest of Reality, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Indeed the second way of approach to the problem is the positivist's own way. That is to say, let us take our stand on the terra firmaof the physical and probe into it and find out whether there are facts there which open the way or point to the other side of nature, whether there are signs, hints, intimations, factors involved there that lead to conclusions, if not inevitable, at least conformable to supraphysical truths. It is usually asserted, for example, that the scientist the positivist par excellencefollows a rigid process of ratiocination, of observation, analysis and judgment. He collects facts and a sufficient number of them made to yield a general law the probability of a generic factwhich is tested or exemplified by other correlate facts. This is however an ideal, a theoretical programme not borne out by actual practice, it is a rationalisation of a somewhat different actuality. The scientist, even the most hard-headed among them, the Mathematician, finds his laws often and perhaps usually not by a long process of observation and induction or deduction, but all on a sudden, in a flash of illumination. The famous story of Newton .and the falling apple, Kepler's happy guess of the elliptical orbit of the planetsand a host of examples can be cited as rather the rule than the exception for the methodology of scientific discovery. Prof. Hadamard, the great French Mathematician the French are well-known for their intransigent, logical and rational attitude in Science,has been compelled to admit the supreme role of an intuitive faculty in scientific enquiry. If it is argued that the so-called sudden intuition is nothing but the final outburst, the cumulative resultant of a long strenuous travail of thinking and reasoning and arguing, Prof. Hadamard says', in reply, that it does not often seem to be so, for the answer or solution that is suddenly found does not lie in the direction of or in conformity with the, conscious rational research but goes against it and its implications.
   This faculty of direct knowledge, however, is not such a rare thing as it may appear to be. Indeed if we step outside the circumscribed limits of pure science instances crowd upon us, even in our normal life, which would compel one to conclude that the rational and sensory process is only a fringe and a very small part of a much greater and wider form of knowing. Poets and artists, we all know, are familiar only with that form: without intuition and inspiration they are nothing. Apart from that, modern inquiries and observations have established beyond doubt certain facts of extra-sensory, suprarational perceptionof clairvoyance and clairaudience, of prophecy, of vision into the future as well as into the past. Not only these unorthodox faculties of knowledge, but dynamic powers that almost negate or flout the usual laws of science have been demonstrated to exist and can be and are used by man. The Indian yogic discipline speaks of the eight siddhis, super-natural powers attained by the Yogi when he learns to control nature by the force of his consciousness. Once upon a time these facts were challenged as facts in the scientific world, but it is too late now in the day to deny them their right of existence. Only Science, to maintain its scientific prestige, usually tries to explain such phenomena in the material way, but with no great success. In the end she seems to say these freaks do not come within her purview and she is not concerned with them. However, that is not for us also the subject for discussion for the moment.
  --
   Let us leave the domain, the domain of inorganic matter for a while and turn to another set of facts, those of organic matter, of life and its manifestation. The biological domain is a freak in the midst of what apears to be a rigidly mechanistic material universe. The laws of life are not the laws of matter, very often one contravenes the other. The two converging lenses of the two eyes do not make the image twice brighter than the one produced by a single lens. What is this alchemy that forms the equation 1=1 (we might as well put it as 1+1=1)? Again, a living wholea cellfissured and divided tends to live and grow whollyin each fragment. In life we have thus another strange equation: part=whole (although in the Mathematics of infinity such an equation is a normal phenomenon). The body (of a warm-blooded animal) maintaining a constant temperature whether it is at the Pole or at the Equator is a standing miracle which baffles mere physics and chemistry. Thirdly, life is immortal the law of entropy (of irrevocably diminishing energy) that governs the fate of matter does not seem to hold good here. The original life-cells are carried over physically from generation to generation and there is no end to the continuity of the series, if allowed to run its normal course. Material energy also, it is said, is indestructible; it is never destroyed, but changes form only. But the scientific conception of material energy puts a limit to its course, it proceeds, if we are to believe thermodynamics, towards a dead equilibrium there is no such thing as "perpetual movement" in the field of matter.
   Again the very characteristic of life is its diversity, its infinite variety of norms and forms and movements. The content and movement of material nature is calculable to a great extent. A few Mathematical equations or formulae can after all be made to cover all or most facts concerning it. But the laws of life refuse systematisation. A few laws purporting to govern the physical bases of life claim recognition, but they stand on precarious grounds. The laws of natural selection, of heredity or genetics are applicable within a very restricted frame of facts. The variety of material substances revolves upon the gamut of 92 elements based upon 4 or 5 ultimate types of electric unitand that is sufficient to make us wonder. But the variety in life-play is simply incalculablefrom the amoeba or virus cell to man, what a bewildering kaleidoscope and each individual in each group is unique in its way! The few chromosomes that seem to be the basis of all diversity do not explain the mystery the mystery becomes doubly mysterious: how does a tiny seed contain the thing that is to become a banyan tree, how does a speck of plasma bring forth from within an object of Hamletian dimensions! What then is this energy or substance of life welling out irrepressively into multitudinous forms and modes? The chemical elements composing an organic body do not wholly exhaust its composition; there is something else besides. At least in one field, the life element has received recognition and been given an independent name and existence. I am obviously referring to the life element in food-stuff which has been called vitamin.
   Life looks out of matter as a green sprout in the midst of a desert expanse. But is matter really so very different and distinct from life? Does Matter mean no Life? Certain facts and experiments have thrown great doubt upon that assumption. An Indian, a scientist of the first order in the European and modern sense, has adduced proofs that obliterate the hard and fast line of demarcation between the living and the non-living. He has demonstrated -the parallelism, if not the identity, of the responses of those two domains: we use the term fatigue in respect of living organisms only, but Jagadish Chandra Bose says and shows, that matter too, a piece of metal for instance, undergoes fatigue. Not only so, the graph, the periodicity of the reactions as shown by a living body under a heightened or diminished stimulus or the influence of poison or drug is repeated very closely by the so-called dead matter under the same treatment.
  --
   One remarkable thing in the material world that has always attracted and captivated man's attention, since almost the very dawn of his consciousness, is the existence of a pattern, of an artistic layout in the composition and movement of material things. When the Vedic Rishi sings out: "These countless stars that appear glistening night after night, where do they vanish during the day?" he is awed by the inviolable rhythm of the Universe, which other sages in other climes sang as the music of the spheres. The presence of Design in Nature has been in the eyes of Believers an incontrovertible proof of the existence of a Designer. What we want to say is not that a watch (if we regard the universe as a watch) presupposes the existence of a watch-maker: we say the pattern itself is the expression of an idea, it involves a conception not imposed or projected from outside but inherent in itself. The Greek view of the artist's mode of operation is very illuminating in this connection. The artist, according to this view, when he carves out a statue for example, does not impose upon the stone a figure that he has only in his mind, but that the stone itself contains the figure, the artist has the vision to see it, his chisel follows the lines he sees imbedded in the stone. It is why we say that the geometry in the structure of a crystal or an atom or an astronomical system, the balance and harmony, the symmetry and polarity that govern the composition of objects and their relations, the blend of colour schemes, the marshalling of lines and the building of volumes, in a word, the artistic make-up, perfect in detail and in the ensemble that characterise all nature's body and limbs and finally the Mathematical laws that embrace and picture as it were Nature's movements, all point to the existence of a truth, a reality whose characteristic marks are or are very much like those of consciousness and Idea-Force. We fight shy of the wordconsciousness for it brings in a whole association of anthropomorphism and pathetic fallacy. But in our anxiety to avoid a ditch let us not fall over a precipice. If it is blindness to see nothing but the spirit, it is not vision to see nothing but Matter.
   A hypothesis, however revolutionary or unorthodox it may seem for the moment, has to be tested by its effective application, in its successful working out. All scientific discoveries in the beginning appear as inconveniences that upset the known and accepted order. Copernicus, Newton, Galileo, Kepler, Maxwell or Einstein in our day enunciated principles that were not obvious sense-given axioms. These are at the outset more or less postulates that have to be judged by their applicability.

05.06 - Physics or philosophy, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Jeans himself is on the horns of a dilemma.2 Being a scientist, and not primarily a Mathematician like Eddington, he cannot very well acquiesce in the liquidation of the material world; nor can he refute successfully the facts and arguments that Science itself has brought forward in favour of mentalism. He wishes to keep the question open for further light and surer grounds. In the meanwhile, however, he is reconciled to a modified form of mentalism. The laws of Nature, he says, are surely subjective in the sense that astronomical or geographical concepts, for example, such as the system of latitudes, longitudes, equator and axis, ellipse and quadrant and sextant, are subjective. These lines and figures are' not drawn physically upon the earth or in space: they are mental constructs, they are pointers or notations, but they note and point to the existence and the manner of existence of real objects in a real world.
   In other words, one tries to come back more or less to the common-sense view of things. One does not argue about what is naturally given as objective reality; whatever the mental gloss over it, it is there all the same. One accepts it, takes it on trust, if you likeone can admit even that it is an act of faith, as Russell and the Neo-Realists would maintain.

05.07 - The Observer and the Observed, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Science means objectivity, that is to say, elimination of the personal elementtruth as pure fact without being distorted or coloured by the feelings and impressions and notions of the observer. It is the very opposite of the philosopher's standpoint who says that a thing exists because (and so long as) it is perceived. The scientist swears that a thing exists whether you perceive it or not, perception is possible because it exists, not the other way. And yet Descartes is considered not only as the father of modern philosophy, but also as the founder o( modern Mathematical science. But more of that anon. The scientific observer observes as a witness impartial and aloof: he is nothing more than a recording machine, a sort of passive mirror reflecting accurately and faithfully what is presented to it. This is indeed the great revolution brought about by Science in the world of human inquiry and in human consciousness, viz.,the isolation of the observer from the observed.
   In the old world, before Science was born, sufficient distinction or discrimination was not made between the observer and the observed. The observer mixed himself up or identified himself with what he observed and the result was not a scientific statement but a poetic description. Personal feelings, ideas, judgments entered into the presentation of facts and the whole mass passed as truth, the process often being given the high-sounding name of Intuition, Vision or Revelation but whose real name is fancy. And if there happened to be truth off act somewhere, it was almost by chance. Once we thought of the eclipse being due to the greed of a demon, and pestilence due to the evil eye of a wicked goddess. The universe was born out of an egg, the cosmos consisted of concentric circles of worlds that were meant to reward the virtuous and punish the sinner in graded degrees. These are some of the very well-known instances of pathetic fallacy, that is to say, introducing the element of personal sentiment in our appreciation of events and objects. Even today Nazi race history and Soviet Genetics carry that unscientific prescientific tradition.
  --
   But in the end a difficulty arose in the operation of observation. It proved to be not a simple process. The scientific observer requires for his observation the yard-stick and the time-piece. Now, we have been pushed to admit a queer phenomenon (partly by observation and partly by a compelling deduction) that these two measuring units are not constant; they change with the change of system, that is to say, according to the velocity of the system. In other words, each observer has his own unit of space and time measure. So the elimination of the personal element of the observer has become a complicated Mathematical problem, even if one is sure of it finally.
   There is still something more. The matter of calculating and measuring objectively was comparatively easy when the object in view was of medium size, neither too big nor too small. But in the field of the infinite and the infinitesimal, when from the domain of mechanical forces we enter into the region of electric and radiant energy, we find our normal measuring apparatus almost breaks down. Here accurate observation cannot be made because of the very presence of the observer, because of the very fact of observation. The ultimates that are observed are trails of light particles: now when the observer directs his eye (or the beam oflight replacing the eye) upon the light particle, its direction and velocity are interfered with: the photon is such a tiny infinitesimal that a ray from the observer's eye is sufficient to deflect and modify its movement. And there is no way of determining or eliminating this element of deflection or interference. The old Science knew certainly that a thermometer dipped in the water whose temperature it is to measure itself changes the initial temperature. But that was something calculable and objective. Here the position of the observer is something like a "possession", imbedded, ingrained, involved in the observed itself.

05.08 - An Age of Revolution, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   The search for a universal principle of Nature is a meta-physical as well as a scientific preoccupation. In ancient days, fo example, we had the Water of Thales or the Fire of Heraclitus as the one original unifying principle of this kind. With the coming of the Renascence and the New Illumination we laughed them out and installed instead the mysterious Ether. For a long time this universalreigned supreme and now that too has gone the way of its predecessors. We thought for a time that we had found in Electric Energy the one sovereign principle in Nature. At a time when we had a few elementsdiscrete, different, fundamental units that in their varying combinations built up the composite structure of Nature, apart from the fact that they reposed finally on the ultimate unifying principle of Ether, it was found also that they all behaved in a uniform and identical and therefore predictable manner. The time and the place (and the mass) being given, everything went according to a pattern and a formula, definite, fixed, Mathematically rigid. Even the discovery of one element after another till the number reached the famous figure 92 (itself following a line of Mathematically precise and inevitable development) did not materially alter the situation and caused no tribulation. For on further scrutiny a closer unity revealed itself: the supposed disparity in the substance of the various elements was found to be an illusion, for they all appeared now as different organisations or dispositions of the same electric energy (although the identity of electric energy with radiant energy was not always very clear). Thus we could conclude that as the substance was the same, its mode of working also would be' uniform and patterned. In other words, the mechanistic conception still ruled our view' of Nature. That means, the ultimate units, the particles (of energy) that compose Nature are like sea-sands or water-drops, each one is fundamentally similar to any other and all behave similarly, reacting uniformly to the same forces that act upon them.
   Well, it is now found that they do not do so. However same or similar constitutionally, each unit is sui generisand its movement cannot be predicted. That movement does not depend upon its mass or store of energy or its position in a pattern, as a wholly mechanistic conception would demand: it is something incalculable, one should say even, erratic. In a radioactive substance, the particle that is shot out, becomes active, cannot be predetermined by any calculation, even if that is due to a definitely and precisely arranged bombardment. So we have come to posit a principle of uncertainty, as a very fundamental law of Nature. It practically declares that the ultimate particle is an autonomou unit, it is an' individual, almost a personality, and seems to have a will of its own. A material unit acts very much like a biological unit: it does not obey mechanically, answer mechanically as an automaton, but seems to possess a capacity for choice, for assent or refusal, for a free determination. The mechanistic view presented is due to an average functioning. The phenomenon has been explained by a very apt image. It is like an army. A group of soldiers, when they are on parade, look all similar and geometrically patterned: each is just like another and all move and march in the same identical manner. But that' is when you look at the whole, the collectivity, but looked individually, each one regains his separate distinct personality, each having his own nature and character, his own unique history: there no two are alike, each is non pareil and behaves differently, incalculably.

05.09 - The Changed Scientific Outlook, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Shall we elucidate a little? We were once upon a time materialists, that is to say, we had very definite and fixed notions about Matter: to Matter we gave certain invariable characteristics, inalienable properties. How many of them stand today unscathed on their legs? Take the very first, the crucial property ascribed to Matter: "Matter is that which has extension." Well, an electric charge, a unit energy of it, the ultimate constituent of Matter as discovered by Science today, can it be said to occupy space? In the early days of Science, one Boscovich advanced a theory according to which the ultimate material particle (a molecule, in his time) does not occupy space, it is a mere Mathematical point toward or from which certain forces act. The theory, naturally, was laughed out of consideration; but today we have come perilously near it. Again, another postulate describing Matter's dharma was: "two material particles cannot occupy the same place at the same time". Now what do you say of the neutron and proton that coalesce and form the unit of a modern atomic nucleus? Once more, the notion of the indestructibility of Matter has been considerably modified in view of the phenomenon of an electric particle (electron) being wholly transmuted ("dematerialised" as the scientists themselves say) into a light particle (photon). Lastly, the idea of the constancy of massa bed-rock of old-world physicsis considered today to be a superstition, an illusion. If after all these changes in the idea of Matter, a man still maintains that he is a materialist, as of old, well, I can only exclaim in the Shakespearean phrase: "Bottom, thou art translated"! What I want to say is that the changes that modern physics proposes to execute in its body are not mere amendments and emendations, but they mean a radical transfiguration, a subversion and a mutation. And more than the actual changes effected, the possibilities, the tendencies that have opened out, the lines along which further developments are proceeding do point not merely to a reformation, but a revolution.
   Does this mean that Science after all isveering to the Idealist position? Because we have modified the meaning and connotation of Matter does it 'follow that we have perforce arrived at spirituality? Not quite so. As Jeans says, the correct scientific position would be to withhold one's judgment about the ultimate nature of matter, whether it is material or mental (spiritual, we would prefer to say): it is an attitude of non possumus. But such neutrality, is it truly possible and is it so very correct? We do see scientists lean .on one side or the other, according to the vision or predisposition that one carries.

05.12 - The Soul and its Journey, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 03, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   We may try to illustrate by examples, although it is a rather dangerous game and may tend to put into a too rigid and' Mathematical formula something that is living and variable. Still it will serve to give a clearer picture of the matter. Napoleon, evidently was a child of Mahakali; and Caesar seems to have been fashioned largely by the principle of Maheshwari; while Christ or Chaitanya are clearly emanations in the line of Mahalakshmi. Constructive geniuses, on the other hand, like the great statesman Colbert, for example, or Louis XIV, Ie grand monarque, himself belong to a family (or gotra, as we say in India) that originated from Mahasaraswati. Poets and artists again, although generally they belong to the clan of Mahalakshmi, can be regrouped according to the principle that predominates in each, the godhead that presides over the inspiration in each. The large breath in Homer and Valmiki, the high and noble style of their movement, the dignity and vastness that compose their consciousness affiliate them naturally to the Maheshwari line. A Dante, on the other hand, or a Byron has something in his matter and manner that make us think of the stamp of Mahakali. Virgil or Petrarch, Shelley or our Tagore seem to be emanations of Beauty, Harmony, LoveMahalakshmi. And the perfect artisanship of Mahasaraswati has found its especial embodiment in Horace and Racine and our Kalidasa. Michael Angelo in his fury of inspirations seems to have been impelled by Mahakali, while Mahalakshmi sheds her genial favour upon Raphael and Titian; and the meticulous care and the detailed surety in a Tintoretto makes us think of Mahasaraswati's grace. Mahasaraswati too seems to have especially favoured Leonardo da Vinci, although a brooding presence of Maheshwari also seems to be intermixed there.
   For it must be remembered that the human soul after all is not a simple and unilateral being, it is a little cosmos in itself. The soul is not merely a point or a single ray of light come down straight from its divine archetype or from the Divine himself, it is also a developing fire that increases and enriches itself through the multiple experiences of an evolutionary progressionit not only grows in height but extends in wideness also. Even though it may originally emanate from one principle and Personality, it takes in for its development and fulfilment influences and elements from the others also. Indeed, we know that the Four primal personalities of the Divine are not separate and distinct as they may appear to the human mind which cannot understand distinction without disparity. The Vedic gods themselves are so linked together, so interpenetrate one another that finally it is asserted that there is only one existence, only it is given many names. All the divine personalities are aspects of the Divine blended and fused together. Even so the human soul, being a replica of the Divine, cannot but be a complex of many personalities and often it may be difficult and even harmful to find and fix upon a dominant personality. The full flowering of the human soul, its perfect divinisation demands the realisation of a many-aspected personality, the very richness of the Divine within it.

05.28 - God Protects, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   The conditions under which the Divine's protection can come are simple enough, but difficult to fulfil completely and thoroughly. The ideal conditions that ensure absolute safety are an absolute trust and reliance on the Divine Force, a tranquillity and fearlessness that nothing shakes, .whatever the appearances at the moment, the spirit and attitude of an unreserved self-giving that whatever one is and one has is God's. Between that perfect state at the peak of consciousness and the doubting and hesitant and timid mind at the lower end that of St. Peter, forexample, at his weakest moment there are various gradations of the conditions fulfilled and the protection given is variable accordingly. Not that the Divine Grace acts or has to act according to any such hard and fast rule of mechanics, there is no such Mathematical Law of Protection in the scheme of Providence. And yet on the whole and generally speaking Providence, Divine Intervention, acts more or less successfully according to the degree of the soul's wakefulness on the plane that needs and possesses the protection.
   And yet there is another aspect of the thing that is to be taken into consideration. For in the supreme and ultimate view the world or creation is not divided between God and Asura : the Asura cannot be outside God's infinity, he is there because permitted by him, indeed forms part of him and serves the divine purpose. Asura represents the hard dark passage through which the ignorant human soul cuts out its forward march: it is the crucible in which the growing consciousness is purified of its dross in order to regain the fullness of its divine quality and nature.

05.31 - Divine Intervention, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 01, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   What we have named Intervention is also known popularly as Providence. It is the element of the incalculable and the unforeseen in Nature. Nature, in one respect, seems to be a closed circle: it is a rigid mechanism and its movements are very definite and absolutely fixed admitting of no change or variation whatsoever. That was the idea which governed our earlier scientists when they spoke or the Law of Nature. Law of Nature was to them, in the great Sophoclean phrase, something indelible and inviolable, immemorially the same which no man or god dare alter or disobey. Laplace, one of the pioneers of the scientific outlook, said, in fact, that he could very well imagine a Mathematician recording and calculating all the forces that act and react in the world and from the present position of things foretell the time and place of each and every event in the cosmic field. The idea of Karma, or Kismet, is a parallel conception in the domain of human nature and character. The chain reaction of cause and effect" is rigorous and absolute, follows a single line of movement and possesses a rigidly predetermined disposition. The principle is equally applicable either to a phenomenon of the physical world or to that of man's inner consciousness.
   But we have arrived today at a stage when this old-world view has perforce to be discarded. We can no longer take Laplace seriously: for scientists themselves have established as a fact in physical Nature the indeterminacy of her movements, the impossibility of foretelling a laLaplace, not because of any deficiency in the human instrument but because of the very nature of things. Science is of course at a loss to explain the why or even the how of this indeterminacy. We say, however, that it is nothing but the intrusion of another, a different kind of force in the field of the forces actually at play. That force comes from a higher, a subtler level. Things and forces move in their ordinary round, according to the normal laws, bound ,within their present frame: but always there drops in from elsewhere an unknown element, a force or energy or impulse of another quality, which causes a shift of emphasis in the actual, brings about a change unaccountable and unforeseen. This is what is called miracle: the imposition of a higher law, a generic law governing subtler forms and forces upon an inferior and grosser sphere. And the higher or subtler the plane from which the new force descends the plane can be anything between the one nearest to the material, the subtle physical or ethereal, and the one nearest to the other extreme, the spiritual the greater will be the change in nature, quality and extent in the lower order. Such miracles, interventions, providential happenings are not rare. They are always occurring, only they do not attract attention. For it is these phenomena that are the real causes of all progresscosmic as well as individual. Evolution is based upon this truth of Nature.

09.11 - The Supramental Manifestation and World Change, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   I have been asked what difference the presence of the Supermind will make, in what way will it change the trend of events and how, since the Supramental manifestation, life has to be reviewed. I am asked to give practical examples. I do not know what this means, but here is what I have seen in a somewhat Mathematical mood. Although the Mathematical language is quite foreign to me, still I may call it a Mathematical mood, that is to say, a Mathematical way of looking at the problem.
   I believe you have done sufficient Mathematics to know the complexity of combinations that arises when you take as your basis some elements out of a sum total. To make it clearer I shall give you an example but without using the terms you have been taught at schoolfrom the letters of the alphabet. There are a certain number of letters. Now, if you want to calculate or know the number of combinations possible with these letters, taking all the letters together and organising them in as many ways as you can, as you have been taught, you will find that it runs into a fantastic figure.
   Similarly, take the material world and come down to the most minute particleyou know scientists have arrived at things that are absolutely invisible and incalculable and take this particle as your basis and the material world as the total and, further, imagine a Consciousness or a Will playing with these particles, making all sorts of possible combinations, never repeating the same combination. Of course, Mathematically they say that the number of particles is finite and therefore the number of combinations also is finite, but this is purely theoretical, and theory does not interest us. Coming to the practical, even if you suppose that these combinations follow each other in such a manner and at such a speed that the change from one to another is hardly perceptible, it is clear that the time needed for the working out of all these combinations would be, apparently, infinite. That is to say, the number of combinations would be so immense that practically no end could be assigned to it.
   Now imagine, as I have just asked you to do, that really there exists a Consciousness, a Will manifesting these combinations successively and indefinitely, never repeating twice the same thing; then we must come to the conclusion that the universe is new at each moment of eternity, and if the universe is new at each moment of eternity we are forced to admit there is nothing absolutely impossible; even further, what we call logical is not necessarily the true, and the logic or what might almost be called the fancy of the Creator has no limit to it.
  --
   Creation is the result not only of combinations on the surface but also of combinations in the depths of this surface: in other words, there are psychological factors. But I am looking at it from the purely Mathematical standpoint; although I do not speak the Mathematical language, it is still a Mathematical conception. Here is then the problem.
   Each time a new element is introduced into the sum total of possible combinations, it is as it were a tearing of its limits; the introduction of something that effaces the past limits, brings in new possibilities into play, multiplies indefinitely the old possibilities. You had, for example, a world as the ancient knowledge found it, with twelve layers of depth or successive dimensions. Now suppose in this world of twelve dimensions suddenly other dimensions were precipitated; all the old formulas would be changed immediately and the whole possibility according to the old unfolding would be, one cannot say increased, but supplemented by an almost infinite number of new possibilities, and that in such a manner that all the old logic would become illogical in the presence of the new logic.

09.13 - On Teachers and Teaching, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   But when did I say that a student is free to come and go as he likes? You must not confuse matters. I said and I repeat that if a student feels that a particular subject is foreign to him, if for example, he has a capacity for literature and poetry and a disgust or even dislike for Mathematics, in that case, if the student comes and tells me, "I prefer not to follow the course of Mathematics", I cannot answer him, "No, you must absolutely do it". But once a student has decided to follow a class, it is quite an elementary discipline for him to follow the class, to attend it regularly, to behave decently while he is there. Otherwise it is not becoming of him to go to the school at all. I have never encouraged people to loiter about during class hours or to come one day and be absent the next day, never, for, to begin with, if you are not able to submit yourself to this very elementary discipline, you will never succeed in having the least control over yourself; you will be always the slave of every impulse and fancy of yours.
   If you do not want to pursue a certain line of knowledge, it it is all right, you are not obliged to do so. But if you decide to do a thing in life, whatever it is, you must do it honestly in a disciplined, regular and methodical manner, without allowing yourself to be fanciful. I have never approved of a person being the plaything of his impulses and caprices. You can never get sanction for that out of me, for you are then no longer a human being but an animal.

100.00 - Synergy, #Synergetics - Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking, #R Buckminster Fuller, #Science
  existed yet defied their discernment of any feature, Mathematicians of the
  premicroscope era mistakenly assumed a speck to be self-evidently unitary,
  --
  100.51 Dr. Frank Morley, a professor of Mathematics at Johns Hopkins
  University, was the author of a theorem on triangular symmetry: The three
  --
  demonstrable __ ergo non- sensorial __ conceptionless Mathematical devices and by
  the resultant human incomprehensibility of the findings of science. There are two
  --
  physically demonstrable Mathematical tools. The second is our preoccupation
  with the sense of static, fixed "space" as so much unoccupied geometry imposed
  --
  Newton might have said it, but did not.) He discovered the Mathematical gain in
  attraction, but he stated it "inversely," which is awkward and nonspontaneously
  --
  interaccommodative simultaneously. Some interact at Mathematically exponential
  rates of interaugmentation. Because the physical is time, the relative endurances
  --
   Mathematics is communicatingly described are physical. A Mathematical principle
  is metaphysical and independent of whether X,Y or A,B are symbolically

1.00a - Introduction, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  7. The Book of Thoth Surely all terms not in a good dictionary are explained in the text. I don't see what I can do about it, in any case; the same criticism would apply to (say) Bertr and Russell's Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, wouldn't it?
  Is x an R-ancestor of y if y has every R-hereditary that x has, provided x is a term which has the relation R to something or to which something has the relation R? (Enthusiastic cries of "Yes, it is!") He says "A number is anything which has the number of some class." Feel better now?

1.00d - Introduction, #On the Way to Supermanhood, #Satprem, #Integral Yoga
  Because Truth is simple. It is the simplest thing in the world that is why we do not see it. There is but one Thing in the world, not two, as the modern physicists and Mathematicians have begun to realize, and as a child well knows as he smiles at the waves on a sun-swept beach where the same foam seems to have rolled in since the beginning of time, recalling a great rhythm that wells up out of ancient memory and weaves days and sorrows into a single story, so old it feels like an unchanging presence, so encompassing in its immensity it even embraces the glides of a sea gull. And everything is contained in one second, the sum of all ages and all souls, all within one simple little point glistening for an instant on the wild foam. But we have lost that point, and that smile, and the singing second. So we have tried to restore that Oneness by addition: 1+1+1... like our computers, as if adding up all possible knowledge from every conceivable direction would finally yield the right note, the one note that brings forth song and moves the worlds and the heart of a forgotten child. We have tried to manufacture that Simplicity for every pocketbook, but the more we multiplied our clever push buttons, to simplify life, the farther away the bird flew, and the smile even the sparkling foam is polluted by our equations. We are not even entirely sure our body is still ours the beautiful Machine has devoured everything.
  Yet that one Thing is also the one and only Power because what shines in one point shines also in all other points. Once that is understood, all the rest is understood; there is but one Power in the world, not two. Even a child knows that: he is king, he is invulnerable. But the child grows up; he forgets. And men have grown up, and nations and civilizations, each in its own way seeking the Great Secret, the simple secret through war and conquest, through meditation or magic, through beauty, religion or science. Though, in truth, we do not know who is most advanced: the Acropolis builder, the Theban magician, the Cape Kennedy astronaut, or the Cistercian monk, for one has rejected life in order to understand it, one has embraced it without understanding it, another has left a trace of beauty, and still another, a white trail in a changeless sky we are merely the last on the list, that's all. And we still have not found our magic. The point, the potent little point, is still there on the open beach of the world; it shines for whoever will seize it, just as it shone before we were humans under the stars.

1.00 - Preface, #A Garden of Pomegranates - An Outline of the Qabalah, #Israel Regardie, #Occultism
  I am greatly indebted to Madame H. P. Blavatsky's writings, and I believe I shall not be too egotistical in claiming that a proper understanding of the principles outlined herein will reveal many points of subtlety and philosophic interest in her Secret Doctrine , and aid in the comprehension of this monumental work of hers. The same is also true of S. L. McGregor Mathers' translation of portions of the Zohar, " The Kaballah Unveiled ", and of Arthur E. Waite's excellent compendium of the Zohar, " The Secret Doctrine in Israel ", both of which are closed books, in the main, to most students of mystical lore and philosophy who do not have the specialized comparative knowledge which I have endeavoured to incorporate in this little book.
  I should here call attention to a tract, the author of which is unknown, entitled The Thirty-two Paths of Wisdom, of which splendid translations have been made by W. Wynn Westcott, Arthur E. Waite, and Knut Stenring. In the course of time this appears to have become incorporated into, and affiliated with, the text of the Sepher Yetsirah, although several critics place it at a later date than the genuine Mishnahs of the Sepher Yetsirah. However, in giving the titles of the Paths from this tract, I have named throughout the source as the Sepher Yetsirah to avoid unnecessary confusion. It is to be hoped that no adverse criticism will arise on this point.

10.17 - Miracles: Their True Significance, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Miracles are happenings where we see the result only without the process that leads to the result. It is like a Mathematical problem where the solution only is given and not the gradual steps leading to the solution. The steps may be shortened or altogether suppressed, in the latter case it looks like a puzzle or a riddle or a paradox. We know of Mathematical prodigies, we marvel at the capacity they show in performing formidable calculations for which an ordinary mind would need sheets of paper and considerable amount of time. But the prodigy can do it in the twinkling of an eye. He has a consciousness that can contain the whole process in a simultaneous grasp or speed through it like a lightning flash. Therefore the whole thing has the look of a miracle.
   Usually, the name 'miracle' is given to something that seems to us "unnatural", that is to say, something that does not, conform to the laws of nature or what we think to be the laws of nature. A man standing in the air without any support or squatting on the waterfeats familiar to the yogisare termed veritable miracles. The famous rope trick is a legendary miracle. Some of these miracles done by yogis are au thentic facts. They apparently seem to violate the prevailing so-called laws of nature, but if we knew the process, the mechanism behind the event because it is not apparent to the external logical mind, if we had a slightly different perception, the whole glamour of a miracle would fall to the ground.

1.01 - Adam Kadmon and the Evolution, #Preparing for the Miraculous, #George Van Vrekhem, #Integral Yoga
  terialistic and Mathematical tenets of the physical sciences.
  In this they followed the spirit of their times, the nine-

1.01 - Archetypes of the Collective Unconscious, #The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious, #Carl Jung, #Psychology
  better when Mathematical physics reveals to us the world of the
  infinitely small. In the end we dig up the wisdom of all ages and

1.01 - Economy, #Walden, and On The Duty Of Civil Disobedience, #Henry David Thoreau, #Philosophy
  Irishmen or other operatives actually to lay the foundations, while the students that are to be are said to be fitting themselves for it; and for these oversights successive generations have to pay. I think that it would be _better than this_, for the students, or those who desire to be benefited by it, even to lay the foundation themselves. The student who secures his coveted leisure and retirement by systematically shirking any labor necessary to man obtains but an ignoble and unprofitable leisure, defrauding himself of the experience which alone can make leisure fruitful. But, says one, you do not mean that the students should go to work with their hands instead of their heads? I do not mean that exactly, but I mean something which he might think a good deal like that; I mean that they should not _play_ life, or _study_ it merely, while the community supports them at this expensive game, but earnestly _live_ it from beginning to end. How could youths better learn to live than by at once trying the experiment of living? Methinks this would exercise their minds as much as Mathematics. If I wished a boy to know something about the arts and sciences, for instance, I would not pursue the common course, which is merely to send him into the neighborhood of some professor, where any thing is professed and practised but the art of life;to survey the world through a telescope or a microscope, and never with his natural eye; to study chemistry, and not learn how his bread is made, or mechanics, and not learn how it is earned; to discover new satellites to Neptune, and not detect the motes in his eyes, or to what vagabond he is a satellite himself; or to be devoured by the monsters that swarm all around him, while contemplating the monsters in a drop of vinegar.
  Which would have advanced the most at the end of a month,the boy who had made his own jackknife from the ore which he had dug and smelted, reading as much as would be necessary for this,or the boy who had attended the lectures on metallurgy at the Institute in the mean while, and had received a Rodgers penknife from his father? Which would be most likely to cut his fingers?... To my astonishment I was informed on leaving college that I had studied navigation!why, if I had taken one turn down the harbor I should have known more about it. Even the _poor_ student studies and is taught only _political_ economy, while that economy of living which is synonymous with philosophy is not even sincerely professed in our colleges. The consequence is, that while he is reading Adam Smith, Ricardo, and Say, he runs his father in debt irretrievably.
  --
  One young man of my acquaintance, who has inherited some acres, told me that he thought he should live as I did, _if he had the means_. I would not have any one adopt _my_ mode of living on any account; for, beside that before he has fairly learned it I may have found out another for myself, I desire that there may be as many different persons in the world as possible; but I would have each one be very careful to find out and pursue _his own_ way, and not his fathers or his mothers or his neighbors instead. The youth may build or plant or sail, only let him not be hindered from doing that which he tells me he would like to do. It is by a Mathematical point only that we are wise, as the sailor or the fugitive slave keeps the polestar in his eye; but that is sufficient guidance for all our life. We may not arrive at our port within a calculable period, but we would preserve the true course.
  Undoubtedly, in this case, what is true for one is truer still for a thousand, as a large house is not proportionally more expensive than a small one, since one roof may cover, one cellar underlie, and one wall separate several apartments. But for my part, I preferred the solitary dwelling. Moreover, it will commonly be cheaper to build the whole yourself than to convince another of the advantage of the common wall; and when you have done this, the common partition, to be much cheaper, must be a thin one, and that other may prove a bad neighbor, and also not keep his side in repair. The only coperation which is commonly possible is exceedingly partial and superficial; and what little true coperation there is, is as if it were not, being a harmony inaudible to men. If a man has faith, he will coperate with equal faith everywhere; if he has not faith, he will continue to live like the rest of the world, whatever company he is joined to. To coperate, in the highest as well as the lowest sense, means _to get our living together_. I heard it proposed lately that two young men should travel together over the world, the one without money, earning his means as he went, before the mast and behind the plow, the other carrying a bill of exchange in his pocket. It was easy to see that they could not long be companions or coperate, since one would not _operate_ at all. They would part at the first interesting crisis in their adventures. Above all, as I have implied, the man who goes alone can start to-day; but he who travels with another must wait till that other is ready, and it may be a long time before they get off.

1.01 - Historical Survey, #A Garden of Pomegranates - An Outline of the Qabalah, #Israel Regardie, #Occultism
  A contemporary School believed that Judaism of that day, taken from an exclusively philosophical standpoint, did not show the "right way to the Sanctuary", and endeavoured to combine philosophy and Qabalah, illustrating their various theorems by Mathematical forms.
  About 1240 a.d. was born Abraham Abulafia, who became a celebrated figure - bringing, however, a great deal of dis- repute to the name of this theosophy. He studied philo- logy* medicine, and philosophy, as well as those few books on the Qabalah which were available at the time. He soon perceived that the Pythagorean Number Philosophy was identical with that expounded in the Sepher Yetsirah, and later, becoming dissatisfied with academic research, he turned towards that aspect of Qabalah termed nbsp n'ova or the Practical Qabalah, which, to-day, we term
  --
  Kaballah ; S. L. McGregor Mathers, the translator of por- tions of the Zohar and The Sacred Magic of Abramelin the
  Mage ; Madame Blavatsky, that lion-hearted woman who brought Eastern esoteric philosophy to the attention of western students ; Arthur Edward Waite, who made available expository summaries of various of the Qabalistic works ; and the poet Aleister Crowley to whose Liber 777 and Sepher Sephiroth, among many other fine philosophic writings, I am in no little degree indebted - all these have provided a wealth of vital information which could be utilized for the construction of a philosophical alphabet.

1.01 - Introduction, #unset, #Arthur C Clarke, #Fiction
  And even that which is visible may dwell beyond the range of our perceptions if it exceeds our proportions. The vaster it is in its totality, the less ephemeral in its duration, the less is it perceptible to us. Thus the earth which we inhabit is visible to our eyes solely in its details and we can compass the knowledge of it in its totality only by a method of abstraction and by an appeal to means that belong to the order of Mathematical or geometrical perceptions and are borrowed, therefore, from faculties of consciousness which are supersensuous. The same law holds good with greater reason for that which we call, without knowing where it commences or ends, the universe.
  And towards what does our Science tend, if not towards the indirect discovery, surpassing the means of observation with which our senses provide us, of realities more and more essential and permanent, less and less incidental and, because incidental, therefore visible?

1.01 - MAPS OF EXPERIENCE - OBJECT AND MEANING, #Maps of Meaning, #Jordan Peterson, #Psychology
  by natural science and Mathematics, even then he would not become reasonable, but would purposely do
  something perverse out of simple ingratitude, simply to gain his point. And if he does not find means he

1.01 - MASTER AND DISCIPLE, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  What a shame! How foolish I am! This is not Mathematics or history or literature, that one can teach it to others. No, this is the deep mystery of God. What he says appeals to me."
  This was M.'s first argument with the Master, and happily his last.

1.01 - Newtonian and Bergsonian Time, #Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, #Norbert Wiener, #Cybernetics
  a large number of well-­trained Mathematicians and physicists.
  The wonders of the automatic computing machine belong to

1.01 - THE STUFF OF THE UNIVERSE, #The Phenomenon of Man, #Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, #Christianity
  fixity and geometry. Its ideal, in its youth, was to find a Mathe-
  matical explanation of a world imagined as a system of stable

1.01 - What is Magick?, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
    (Illustration: We are able to light cities by rule-of-thumb methods. We do not know what consciousness is, or how it is connected with muscular action; what electricity is or how it is connected with the machines that generate it; and our methods depend on calculations involving Mathematical ideas which have no correspondence in the Universe as we know it.[AC3])
    12. Man is ignorant of the nature of his own being and powers. Even his idea of his limitations is based on experience of the past. and every step in his progress extends his empire. There is, therefore, no reason to assign theoretical limits[AC4] to what he may be, or to what he may do.
  --
    (Illustration: Man has used the idea of God to dictate his personal conduct, to obtain power over his fellows, to excuse his crimes, and for innumerable other purposes, including that of realizing himself as God. He has used the irrational and unreal conceptions of Mathematics to help him in the construction of mechanical devices. He has used his moral force to influence the actions even of wild animals. He has employed poetic genius for political purposes.)
    15. Every force in the Universe is capable of being transformed into any other kind of force by using suitable means. There is thus an inexhaustible supply of any particular kind of force that we may need.

1.024 - Affiliation With Larger Wholes, #The Study and Practice of Yoga, #Swami Krishnananda, #Yoga
  So where are we in this scheme? What is our happiness? It is the happiness of a cup of coffee, cup of tea, or a sweet which has no meaning compared to these calculations of astounding existences which are transcendent to human comprehension. When I say a hundred times, it is not merely a Mathematical increase of the quantity of happiness; it is also a corresponding increase of the quality of happiness. As mentioned earlier, the quality of happiness in waking life is superior to the happiness in dream; it is not merely quantitative increase, but is also a qualitative increase. The joy of waking life is greater and more intense than the quality of joy in dream. So these calculations given in the Upanishad mean an increase of happiness one hundred times, both in quantity and in quality, so that when we go to the top, we are in an uncontrollable ecstasy of unbounded bliss.
  The mind can be brought to concentrate itself upon higher degrees of reality through the reading of scriptural testimony, which can be corroborated by the inductive logic and deductive reasoning, etc. of our own analytical power. Sruti and yukti, as the great masters tell us, should both come to our aid in bringing the mind to a point of concentration on a higher reality than what it is experiencing now through the senses.

1.025 - Sadhana - Intensifying a Lighted Flame, #The Study and Practice of Yoga, #Swami Krishnananda, #Yoga
  Here we have a higher reality than the individual, quantitatively speaking, though qualitatively we cannot say that there was an improvement. While there is a quantitative improvement in an organisation or a set-up such as a government, in the sense that an individual is made a part of a larger body so that the egoism of the individual cannot operate as forcefully as it could have operated when it was left alone and given a long rope, a consideration for the welfare of other individuals in the system becomes obligatory on the part of every individual on account of the presence of this order and system. So far, so good. From the point of view of the quantity of the reality that has been introduced into life the Mathematical measure of the order that has been set up we can say that a society is a larger reality than the individual. A nation is a larger reality than a community, and the entire set-up of mankind, the international system, may be regarded as a still larger reality than a single nation. This is a quantitative evaluation of the reality toward which the human mind seems to be aiming, for the purpose of bringing peace on earth, happiness, etc.
  But, this is not the type of reality which Patanjali had in mind, though this type of reality cannot be completely ignored. While it is true that a social system is a quantitatively higher reality than an individual body, because for obvious reasons life without it would be impracticable, it is not wholly true that an ordered society is qualitatively superior to the individual, which is the reason that insecurity within society still persists. Even with the best government there can be insecurity and unhappiness because, after all, individuals are behind this quantitative system called this ordered whole. A hundred million thinking people cannot always be qualitatively superior to one thinking man. After all, it is man who is thinking, and not God. We must know that. A hundred million people thinking, means only people are thinking only man is thinking. So qualitatively, it is only human thinking, though quantitatively it has a larger force on account of the inclusion of many individuals.

1.02 - Groups and Statistical Mechanics, #Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, #Norbert Wiener, #Cybernetics
  Gibbs, Mathematician though he was, always regarded Math-
  ematics as ancillary to physics. Lebesgue was an analyst of the
  --
  standards of Mathematical rigor, and a writer whose works, as
  far as I know, do not contain one single example of a problem
  --
  and Gibbs, although a very powerful Mathematician, was never
  a very subtle one. Is it possible for a class to be infinite and yet
  --
  to show to young Mathematicians the needs and possibilities of
  rigor. A Mathematician as distinguished as W. F. Osgood 2 would
  have nothing to do with it till his dying day. It was not until
  about 1930 that a group of Mathematicians-­
  Koopman, vonGroups and Statistical Mechanics

1.02 - In the Beginning, #unset, #Arthur C Clarke, #Fiction
  If then a necessity in the human mind compels it to postulate behind all plurality a simple principle of unicity, that unicity, containing in itself all possibilities, has nothing in common with our Mathematical concept of unity; it is an absolute unknowable by our thought.
  From the point of view of this Absolute, one can with equally good reason affirm that God is or that He is not, that He is the unique or that He is beyond number, that He is inseparable from the universe or that He is without relation to the universe. He is being if all outside Him is non-being, He is non-being if universe exists. So is He defined in certain sacred books of the East.
  --
  But this point cannot be the Mathematical and indivisible point of Unity; it can only be the first dynamical point, the simple system of generative forces, the meeting-point, for production, of at least two original principles.
  This is why certain systems of theology, in order to escape from the contradictory postulate of unity as a cause, have sought in a less unproductive dualism the explanation of the beginning of things. And although they have by a misdirected mysticism, falsified the term and distorted the idea, it is in them that we recover the tendencies most in harmony with the very data on which the belief in a divine Creator is founded.

1.02 - IN THE COMPANY OF DEVOTEES, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  The Master said, again: "The one goal of life is to cultivate love for God, the love that the milkmaids, the milkmen, and the cowherd boys of Vrindvan felt for Krishna. When Krishna went away to Mathura, the cowherds roamed about weeping bitterly because of their separation from Him."
  Saying this the Master sang, with his eyes turned upward: Just now I saw a youthful cowherd
  --
  MASTER: "Sin begets its own result. This is God's law. Won't you burn our tongue if you chew a chilli? In his youth Mathur6 led a rather fast life; so he suffered from various diseases before his death.
  "One may not realize this in youth. I have looked into the hearth in the kitchen of the Kli temple when logs are being burnt. At first the wet wood burns rather well. It doesn't seem then that it contains much moisture. But when the wood is sufficiently burnt, all the moisture runs back to one end. At last water squirts from the fuel and puts out the fire.

1.02 - THE NATURE OF THE GROUND, #The Perennial Philosophy, #Aldous Huxley, #Philosophy
  Whenever, for any reason, we wish to think of the world, not as it appears to common sense, but as a continuum, we find that our traditional syntax and vocabulary are quite inadequate. Mathematicians have therefore been compelled to invent radically new symbol-systems for this express purpose. But the divine Ground of all existence is not merely a continuum, it is also out of time, and different, not merely in degree, but in kind from the worlds to which traditional language and the languages of Mathematics are adequate. Hence, in all expositions of the Perennial Philosophy, the frequency of paradox, of verbal extravagance, sometimes even of seeming blasphemy. Nobody has yet invented a Spiritual Calculus, in terms of which we may talk coherently about the divine Ground and of the world conceived as its manifestation. For the present, therefore, we must be patient with the linguistic eccentricities of those who are compelled to describe one order of experience in terms of a symbol-system, whose relevance is to the facts of another and quite different order.
  So far, then, as a fully adequate expression of the Perennial Philosophy is concerned, there exists a problem in semantics that is finally insoluble. The fact is one which must be steadily borne in mind by all who read its formulations. Only in this way shall we be able to understand even remotely what is being talked about. Consider, for example, those negative definitions of the transcendent and immanent Ground of being. In statements such as Eckharts, God is equated with nothing. And in a certain sense the equation is exact; for God is certainly no thing. In the phrase used by Scotus Erigena God is not a what; He is a That. In other words, the Ground can be denoted as being there, but not defined as having qualities. This means that discursive knowledge about the Ground is not merely, like all inferential knowledge, a thing at one remove, or even at several removes, from the reality of immediate acquaintance; it is and, because of the very nature of our language and our standard patterns of thought, it must be, paradoxical knowledge. Direct knowledge of the Ground cannot be had except by union, and union can be achieved only by the annihilation of the self-regarding ego, which is the barrier separating the thou from the That.

1.02 - The Pit, #A Garden of Pomegranates - An Outline of the Qabalah, #Israel Regardie, #Occultism
  Athena. This necessity was emphasized in the most surprising way by the result of the Michelson-Morley experiments, when Physics itself calmly and frankly offered a contradiction in terms. It was not the metaphysicians this time who were picking holes in a vacuum. It was the Mathematicians and the physicists who found the ground completely cut away from under their feet. It was not enough to replace the geometry of Euclid by those of Riemann and Lobatchevsky and the mechanics of Newton by those of Einstein, so long as any of the axioms of the old thought and the definitions of its terms survived. They deliberately abandoned positivism and materialism for an indeterminate mysticism, creating a new Mathematical philosophy and a new logic, wherein infinite-or rather transfinite-ideas might be made commensurable with those of ordinary thought in the forlorn hope that all might live happily ever after. In short, to use a Qabalistic nomenclature, they found it incumbent upon themselves to adopt for inclusion of terms of Ruach (intellect) concepts which are proper only to Neschamah (the organ and faculty of direct spiritual apperception and intuition). This same process took place in Philosophy years earlier. Had the dialectic of Hegel been only. half understood, the major portion of philosophical speculation from the Schoolmen to
  Kant's perception of the Antinomies of Reason would have been thrown overboard.
  --
  " I can only say that physical science has turned its back on all such models, regarding them now rather as a hindrance to the apprehension of the truth behind phenomena. . . . And if to-day you ask a physicist what he has finally made out the rether or the electron to be, the answer will not be a description in terms of billiard balls or flywheels or anything concrete; he will point instead to a number of symbols and a set of Mathematical equations which they satisfy. What do the symbols stand for? The mysterious reply is given that physics is indifferent to that;
   it has no means of probing beneath the symbolism. To understand the phenomena of the physical world it is necessary to know the equations which the symbols obey but not the nature of that which is being symbolized."
  --
  " The making of models or pictures to explain Mathematical formulre and the phenomena they describe, is not a step towards, but a step away from, reality. . . In brief, a Mathematical formula can never tell us what a thing is, but only how it behaves; it can only specify an object through its properties."
  The Qabalist, therefore, is in no fear of attack from hostile sources because of his use of symbols, for the real basis of the Holy Qabalah, the tcn Sephiros and the twentytwo Paths, is Mathematically sound and definite. We can easily discard the theological and dogmatic interpretations of the ancient Rabbanim as useless, and not affecting this real basis itself, and refcr everything in the universe to the fundamental system of pure Number. Its symbols will be intelligible to all rational minds in an identical sense, since the relations obtaining between these symbols are fixed by nature.
  It is this consideration which has led to the adoption of the Qabalistic " Tree of Life" as the basis of the universal philosophical alphabet.
  The apologia for this system (if such be needed) is, as has already been stated, that our purest conceptions are symbolized in Mathematics. Bertr and Russell, Cantor, Poincare, Einstein, and others have been hard at work to replace the Victorian empiricism by an intelligible coherent interpretation of the universe by means of Mathematical ideas and symbols.
  Modern conceptions of Mathematics, chemistry, and physics are sheer paradox to the" plain man" who thinks of matter, for example, as something that he can knock up against. There appears to be no doubt nowadays that the ultimate nature of Science in any of its branches will be purely abstract, almost of a
  Qabalistic character one might say, even though it may never be officially denominated the Qabalah. It is natural and proper to represent the Cosmos or any part of it, or its

1.02 - The Three European Worlds, #The Ever-Present Origin, #Jean Gebser, #Integral
  Before returning to Leonardo, we must mention two facts which demonstrate better than any description the extent of fascination with the problem of perspective during the later Part of the fifteenth century when perspective becomes virtually normative (as in Ghiberti's modification of Vitruvius). In his DivinaProporzione, Luca Pacioli - the learned Mathematician, translator of Euclid, co-worker with Pierodella Francesca, and friend of Leonardo - celebrated perspective as the eighth art; and when Antonio del Pollaiuolo built a memorial to perspective on one of his papal tombs in St. Peters some ten years later (in the 1490s), he boldly added perspective as the eighth free art to the other seven.
  At the risk of exasperating many readers, we would venture to point out that this supersession of the number seven, the heptaos, can be interpreted as an indication of the symbolic conquest of the cavernous and vaulted heaven of unperspectivity. With the arrival of the eighth "art," which can also be considered an eighth muse, the world of the ancient seven-planet heaven collapses; the "n-", the negation retained in the night-sky [Nacht] of the unperspectival cavern gives way to the clarity and diurnal brightness of the eight (acht), which lacks the negating "n". The heptagonal cosmos of the ancients and its mystery religions are left behind, and man steps forth to integrate and concretize space.

1.02 - THE WITHIN OF THINGS, #The Phenomenon of Man, #Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, #Christianity
  of statistics. Collectively, that is, they obey the laws of Mathe-
  matics. This is the proper field of physico-chemistry.

10.32 - The Mystery of the Five Elements, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   The last two may, however, be represented somewhat differently. The Maruts may symbolise the region of the subtler or supra-electromagnetic forceswhat are now called cosmic rays: they are waves or particles of such infinitesimal magnitude that some of them at least have only a Mathematical substance or reality, a probability-point, although of calculable or incalculable energy! Vayu then would represent the fundamental field where these forces playperhaps something like the Einsteinian field with its "corrugated" surface: or it is like the "Pradhana" of Sankhya, the original Prakriti or basic Nature before it burst out in its creative activity.
   Again, the five elements are not merely substances or states and qualities of substance, but they are also forces and energies, material forces and energiessince we have confined ourselves to matter and the material world. Science (we are always referring to Science, we have to do so since we are dealing with and speaking from the standpoint of matter and material existence), Science has familiarised us with the various forms and types of forces and energies. They are, starting from the most patent and gross, going up to more and more subtle energies, first of all mechanical energy, then (2) chemical energy, (3) electrical energy, (4) gravitational energy, and finally (5) the field energy; the last two are perhaps not very clearly differentiated and distinguished, but still one may make the distinction. And this mounting ladder of energy with its various steps, with its five steps corresponds exactly to the old Indian quintetearth, water, fire, air, space.

10.37 - The Golden Bridge, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   The movement of freeing the consciousness from the hold of sense-perceptions has continued and has attained an unprecedented success. Rational mind, in order to find its autonomy has abstracted itself so much from the data of life experiences that it has become almost an esoteric domain. Mathematical logic of today has brought forth a language that has almost no kinship with either the popular or the aristocratic tongue. Modern science has so much sublimated the facts of life, the contents of experience, that it has become only a system of geometrical formulae.
   The recoil from the brute facts of life, the concrete living realities has affected even the world of artistic creation. We are very much familiar with what has been called abstract art, that is to say, art denuded of all content. The supreme art today is this sketch of bare skeletoneven a skeleton, not in its organised form but merely dismembered bits strewn about. Even poetry, the art that is perhaps most bound to the sense pattern, as no other, so indissolubly married to sense-life, seems to be giving way to the new impact and inspiration. A poetry devoid of all thought-content, pure of all sentiment and understandable imagery is being worked out in the laboratory, as it were, a new poetry made of a bizarre combination of tones and syllables with a changed form too in regard to arrangement of lines and phrases. It is the pure form that is aimed at the very essence, it is said, what is quintessential!

1.03 - Hieroglypics Life and Language Necessarily Symbolic, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  "But why? Why all this elaborate symbolism? Why not say straight out what you mean? Surely the subject is difficult enough in any case must you put on a mask to make it clear? I know you well enough by now to be sure that you will not fob me off with any Holy-Willie nonsense about the ineffable, about human language being inadequate to reveal such Mysteries, about the necessity of constructing a new language to explain a new system of thought; of course I know that this had to be done in the case of chemistry, of higher Mathematics, indeed of almost all technical subjects; but I feel that you have some other, deeper explanation in reserve.
  "After all, most of what I am seeking to learn from you has been familiar to many of the great minds of humanity for many centuries. Indeed, the Qabalah is a special language, and that is old enough; there is not much new material to fit into that structure. But why did they, in the first place, resort to this symbolic jargon?"

1.03 - Preparing for the Miraculous, #Preparing for the Miraculous, #George Van Vrekhem, #Integral Yoga
  of ideal Mathematical forms, there is no problem, writes
  Paul Davies, but if the laws are considered to inhabit, not

1.03 - .REASON. IN PHILOSOPHY, #Twilight of the Idols, #Friedrich Nietzsche, #Philosophy
  a doctrine of symbols, like logic and its applied form Mathematics.
  In all these things reality does not come into consideration at all,

1.03 - THE GRAND OPTION, #The Future of Man, #Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, #Christianity
  constantly increasing; and they found in this a Mathematical expres-
  sion of the irreversibility of the cosmos. This absolute of physics has

1.03 - The House Of The Lord, #Twelve Years With Sri Aurobindo, #Nirodbaran, #Integral Yoga
  Far be it from me to read his inner consciousness from his outer activities. Once I asked him to tell me the names of those who were enjoying the Brahmic consciousness so that I could have a practical knowledge of it! He replied, "How can you have a practical knowledge of it by knowing who has it? You might just as well expect to have a practical knowledge of high Mathematics by knowing that Einstein is a great Mathematician." His written works leave us in no doubt about the heights of consciousness to which he soared, the depths he has explored and his constant status of consciousness. But how they would influence, affect his daily human activities is a question of perennial interest. Did not Arjuna pose that question to Sri Krishna? The activities themselves may not shed any light on his inner divinity, especially to a superficial gaze. Still, the truly great touch everything they do and say with a sense of greatness. Hence, my attempt to make a selective sketch of Sri Aurobindo's outer life for the world-eye to have a glimpse of the riddle that he was throughout his earthly existence.
  Many fantastic tales were abroad about his outer life, gaining ground and credit because of his living in seclusion. Some people believed that he neither ate nor slept, but remained absorbed in Samadhi. Others had heard that he could keep his body suspended in the air. Some there were who, like Arjuna, wanted genuinely to know how he spoke, how he sat and walked. The Mother had, at one time, discouraged us from dwelling upon these external aspects for fear that people's minds would be deflected from the Reality. After all it is not what a man appears to be which is most important. And we can affirm that all Sri Aurobindo's actions welled from the Divine Consciousness that he embodied: they were yukta karma. But how to demonstrate this? By having a practical knowledge of his day-to-day activity? Well, he who sees, sees!

1.03 - The Sephiros, #A Garden of Pomegranates - An Outline of the Qabalah, #Israel Regardie, #Occultism
  The scientific conception of the Mathematical electron which occupies " the whole of space " would correspond to the Qabalistic conception of Keser in the World of Assiah.
  The four worlds are explained in Chapter Seven.
  --
  Sephiros and gave rise to them in a process which can be Mathematically stated. S. Liddell McGregor Mathers asks, " How is Number Two to be found ? " He answers the question in his Introduction to the Kabbalah
  Unveiled :
  --
  Isaac Ibn Latif (1220-1290 a.d.) also furnishes us with a Mathematical definition of the processes of evolution :
  " As the point extends, and thickens into a line, the line into the plane, the plane into the expanded body, so God's manifestation unfolds itself."
  --
  Sephirah, an understanding of Hermes, the Greek God attri buted to it, will be helpful. He is a God of Prudence and Cunning, Shrewdness and Sagacity, and is regarded as the author of a variety of inventions such as the alphabet, Mathematics, astronomy, and weights and measures. He also presided over commerce and good luck, and was the messenger and herald of the Olympians.
  According to Virgil, the gods employed him to conduct the souls of the deceased from the upper to the lower worlds.

1.03 - Time Series, Information, and Communication, #Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, #Norbert Wiener, #Cybernetics
  the whole real infinite line. There is a well-­known Mathematical
  device to map a square on a line segment in such a way that area
  --
  with an electric circuit as Mathematical procedures to enable
  statisticians to obtain the best results with statistically impure

1.04 - ADVICE TO HOUSEHOLDERS, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "Sometimes I used to assume a rajasic mood in order to practise renunciation. Once I had the desire to put on a gold-embroidered robe, wear a ring on my finger, and smoke a hubble-bubble with a long pipe. Mathur Babu procured all these things for me. I wore the gold-embroidered robe and said to myself after a while, 'Mind! This is what is called a gold-embroidered robe.' Then I took it off and threw it away. I couldn't stand the robe any more. Again I said to myself, 'Mind! This is called a shawl, and this a ring, and this, smoking a hubble-bubble with a long pipe.' I threw those things away once for all, and the desire to enjoy them never arose in my mind again."
  It was almost dusk. The Master and M. stood talking alone near the door on the southeast verandah.
  --
  "When one gets into such a state of mind, one doesn't enjoy any conversation but that about God. I used to weep when I heard people talk about worldly matters. When I accompanied Mathur Babu on a pilgrimage, we spent a few days in Benares at Raja Babu's house. One day I was seated in the drawing-room with Mathur Babu, Raja Babu, and others. Hearing them talk about various worldly things, such as their business losses and so forth, I wept bitterly and said to the Divine Mother: 'Mother, where have You brought me? I was much better off in the temple garden at Dakshineswar. Here I am in a place where I must bear about "woman and gold". But at Dakshineswar I could avoid it.' "
  The Master asked the devotees, especially Narendra, to rest awhile, and he himself lay down on the smaller couch.
  --
  "While visiting the holy places, I would sometimes suffer great agony. Once I went with Mathur to Raja Babu's drawing-room in Benares. I found that they talked there only of worldly matters - money, real estate, and the like. At this I burst into tears. I said to the Divine Mother, weeping: 'Mother! Where hast Thou brought me? I was much better off at Dakshineswar.' In Allahabad I noticed the same things that I saw elsewhere - the same ponds, the same grass, the same trees, the same tamarind-leaves.
  Master's ecstasy at Vrindvan
  "But one undoubtedly finds inspiration in a holy place. I accompanied Mathur Babu to Vrindvan. Hriday and the ladies of Mathur's family were in our party. No sooner did I see the Kaliyadaman Ghat than a divine emotion surged up within me. I was completely overwhelmed. Hriday used to ba the me there as if I were a small child.
  "In the dusk I would walk on the bank of the Jamuna when the cattle returned along the sandy banks from their pastures. At the very sight of those cows the thought of Krishna would flash in my mind. I would run along like a madman, crying: 'Oh, where is Krishna? Where is my Krishna?'

1.04 - Feedback and Oscillation, #Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, #Norbert Wiener, #Cybernetics
  In this book, we have avoided Mathematical symbolism
  and Mathematical technique as far as possible, although we
  have been forced to compromise with them in various places,
  --
  ters for which the symbolism of Mathematics is the appropriate
  language, and we can avoid it only by long periphrases which
  --
  only to the reader acquainted with Mathematical symbolism by
  virtue of his ability to translate them into this symbolism. The
  --
  Now we come to the problem of the Mathematical expression
  of the problem of linear feedback. Let the control flow chart-­

1.04 - Religion and Occultism, #Words Of The Mother III, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
  So far, nobody has been able to read the future correctly. There are three reasons for the failure. First, the astrologers do not know how to read the future properly. Secondly, the horoscope is always incorrectly made unless a man is a Mathematical genius. And even for such a person it is very difficult to make a correct horoscope. Thirdly, when people say that the stars in this or that house at the time of birth rule your life, they are quite wrong. The stars under which you are born are only
  tape-recorders of physical conditions. They do not rule the future of the soul. There is something beyond, which rules the stars themselves and everything else. The soul belongs to this

1.04 - SOME REFLECTIONS ON PROGRESS, #The Future of Man, #Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, #Christianity
  Prior to Galileo, science thought of Man as the Mathematical
  and moral center of a World composed of spheres turning stati-

1.04 - The Conditions of Esoteric Training, #Knowledge of the Higher Worlds, #Rudolf Steiner, #Theosophy
   in the world of the spirit, become subtle and delicate in comparison with the processes of the ordinary intellect and of life in the physical world. The more the sphere of our activity widens out before us, the more delicate are the processes in which we are engaged. It is for this reason that men arrive at such different opinions and points of view regarding the higher regions. But there is one and only one opinion regarding higher truths and this one opinion is within reach of all who, through work and devotion, have so risen that they can really behold truth and contemplate it. Opinions differing from the one true opinion can only be arrived at when people, insufficiently prepared, judge in accordance with their pet theories, their habitual ways of thought, and so forth. Just as there is only one correct opinion concerning a Mathematical problem, so also is this true with regard to the higher worlds. But before such an opinion can be reached, due preparation must first be undergone. If this were only considered, the conditions attached to esoteric training would be surprising to none. It is indeed true that truth and the higher life abide in every soul, and that each can and must find them
   p. 130

1.04 - The Paths, #A Garden of Pomegranates - An Outline of the Qabalah, #Israel Regardie, #Occultism
   an upraised wand. He points to the ground with his left hand, thus affirming the magical formula that " that which is above is like unto that which is below ". Above his head, as an aureole or nimbus, is , the Mathematical sign of infinity. Since Mercury and Thoth are the Gods of Wisdom and Magick, it is plain that this card is a harmonious attri bution.
  Mastic, Mace, and Storax are the perfumes of this twelfth Path ; the Agate is its jewel ; Vervain its sacred plant. The Ibis is its sacred bird, which ages ago was observed to have the curious habit of standing on one leg for long periods of time, and to the fertile imagination of the ancients this suggested the absorption in profound meditation. In Yoga practice there is a posture called the

1.04 - The Qabalah The Best Training for Memory, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  But our Magical Alphabet is primarily not letters, but figures, not sounds but Mathematical ideas. Sir Humphrey Davy, coming out of his famous illumination (with some help from Nitrous Oxide he got in) exclaimed: The Universe is composed solely of ideas. We, analyzing this a little, say: The Universe is a Mathematical expression.
  Sir James Jeans might have said this, only his banker advised him to cash in on God. The simplest form of this expression is 0 = 2, elsewhere expounded at great length. This 2 might itself be expressed in an indefinitely great number of ways. Every prime number, including some not in the series of "natural numbers", is an individual. The other numbers with perhaps a few exceptions (e.g. 418) are composed of their primes.
  --
  Honest, you needn't worry; it works on ball-bearings, and there's always those "Thirteen Fountains of Magnificent Oil flowing down the Beard of Macroprosopus" in case it creaks a little at first. But seriously, all the Mathematics you need is simple Addition and Multiplication.
  "Yeah!" you rudely reply. "That's what you think; but you haven't got very far in the Qabalah!"

1.05 - Computing Machines and the Nervous System, #Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, #Norbert Wiener, #Cybernetics
  modern Mathematical logic begins with this calculus, so it is
  inevitable that its present engineering development should cast
  --
  For example, we devote much of Mathematics to discussions
  involving the infinite, but these discussions and their accompa-
  --
  more than a finite number of stages. It is true, a proof by Math-
  ematical induction seems to involve an infinity of stages, but this
  --
  be one which validates this argument. However, this Mathemati-
  cal induction is a far different thing from complete induction
  --
  forms of Mathematical induction, such as transfinite induction,
  which occur in certain Mathematical disciplines.
  Thus some very interesting situations arise, in which we may
  --
  independent of n, such as we find in Mathematical induction,
  it may be impossible to prove P n for all n. This contingency isComputing Machines and the Nervous System
  --
  purely Mathematical theory. Here computational methods are
  not only important for the handling of particular numerical
  --
  adequate Mathematical theory. How many undiscovered phe-
  nomena of similar nature there may be, we do not know. The
  --
  that they demand purely Mathematical techniques of their own,
  quite different from those in use in manual computation or in
  --
  certainly not decrease the need for Mathematicians with a high
  level of understanding and technical training. In the mechani-

1.05 - Qualifications of the Aspirant and the Teacher, #Bhakti-Yoga, #Swami Vivekananda, #Hinduism
  Bhagavn Ramakrishna used to tell a story of some men who went into a mango orchard and busied themselves in counting the leaves, the twigs, and the branches, examining their colour, comparing their size, and noting down everything most carefully, and then got up a learned discussion on each of these topics, which were undoubtedly highly interesting to them. But one of them, more sensible than the others, did not care for all these things. and instead thereof, began to eat the mango fruit. And was he not wise? So leave this counting of leaves and twigs and note-taking to others. This kind of work has its proper place, but not here in the spiritual domain. You never see a strong spiritual man among these "leaf counters". Religion, the highest aim, the highest glory of man, does not require so much labour. If you want to be a Bhakta, it is not at all necessary for you to know whether Krishna was born in Mathur or in Vraja, what he was doing, or just the exact date on which he pronounced the teachings of the Git. You only require to feel the craving for the beautiful lessons of duty and love in the Gita. All the other particulars about it and its author are for the enjoyment of the learned. Let them have what they desire. Say "Shntih, Shntih" to their learned controversies, and let us "eat the mangoes".
  The second condition necessary in the teacher is sinlessness. The question is often asked,

1.05 - THE HOSTILE BROTHERS - ARCHETYPES OF RESPONSE TO THE UNKNOWN, #Maps of Meaning, #Jordan Peterson, #Psychology
  Watkins, P.C., Vache, K., Verney, S.P., & Mathews, A. (1996). Unconscious mood-congruent memory bias
  in depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 34-41.
  --
  Whitehead, A.N. (1958). An introduction to Mathematics. New York: Oxford University Press.
  Wilhelm, R. (1967). The I Ching, or Book of Changes. (Translated by Cary F. Baynes). Princeton:

1.05 - The Universe The 0 = 2 Equation, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  O. Shall we first glance at the Mathematical aspect of Nothing? (Including its identical equation in Logic.) This I worked out so long ago as 1902 e.g. in Berashith, which you will find reprinted in The Sword of Song, and in my Collected Works, Vol. I.
  The argument may be summarized as follows.
  --
  Just one further explanation in pure Mathematics. To interpret X1, X1+1 or X2, and so on, we assume the reference to be to spatial dimensions. Thus suppose X1 to be a line a foot long, X2 will be a plane a foot square, and X3 a cube measuring a foot in each dimension. But what about X4? There are no more spatial dimensions. Modern Mathematics has (unfortunately, I think) agreed to consider this fourth dimension as time. Well, and X{5}? To interpret this expression, we may begin to consider other qualities, such as electric capacity, colour, moral attri butes, and so on.[6] But this remark, although necessary, leads us rather away from our main thesis instead of toward it.
  P. What happens when we put a minus sign before the index (that small letter up on the right) instead of a plus? Quite simple. x2 = X1+1 = X1 + X1. With a minus, we divide instead of multiplying. Thus, X3-2 = X3 X2 = X1, just as if you had merely subtracted the 2 from the 3 in the index.
  --
  S. The Chinese, like ourselves, begin with the idea of "Absolute Nothing." They "make an effort, and call it the Tao;" but that is exactly what the Tao comes to mean, when we examine it. They see quite well, as we have done above, that merely to assert Nothing is not to explain the Universe; and they proceed to do so by means of a Mathematical equation even simpler than ours, involving as it does no operations beyond simple addition and subtraction. They say "Nothing obviously means Nothing; it has no qualities nor quantities." (The Advaitists said the same, and then stultified themselves completely by calling it One!) "But," continue the sages of the Middle Kingdom, "it is always possible to reduce any expression to Nothing by taking any two equal and opposite terms." (Thus n = (-n) = 0.) "We ought therefore to be able to get any expression that we want from Nothing; we merely have to be careful that the terms shall be precisely opposite and equal." (0 = n + (-n). This then they did, and began to diagrammatize the Universe as the a pair of opposites, the Yang or active male, and the Yin or passive Female, principles. They represented the Yang by an unbroken (  ), the Yin by a broken (   ), line. (The first manifestation in Nature of these two is Thi Yang, the Sun, and the Thi Yin, the Moon.) This being a little large and loose, they doubled these lines, and obtained the four Hsiang. They then took them three at a time, and got the eight Kwa. These represent the development from the original {S.B. cap "I"} to the Natural Order of the Elements.
  I shall call the male principle M, the Female F.

1.060 - Tracing the Ultimate Cause of Any Experience, #The Study and Practice of Yoga, #Swami Krishnananda, #Yoga
  To bring an effect back to its cause is a difficult thing because the cause cannot be easily discovered. If there is a single cause for a single effect, and they work in a Mathematical fashion absolutely, we may be able to revert the effect into the cause at once, by turning on a switch. But, the cause and effect relationship is not as arithmetical as it may appear. They do not follow any logic in the way we understand it. Suddenly, a phenomenon can arise. Though it is a very logical consequence of certain causes, it will remain outside the purview of our understanding because the logical deductions that we make are linear in their fashion and not organic in their structure. But, the world is organic. Everything is organic in life, which means to say there is an interrelatedness of causes mutually determining one another, so that anything can be called a cause if it is pinpointed exclusively.
  As is the intention in the teaching of this sutra, the remote causes, though they cannot be easily discovered, will come to the purview of ones vision if the immediate causes are first discovered. There are immediate causes as well as remote causes. The remote causes can be ignored for the time being, and we can concern ourselves with the immediate cause. What is the immediate reason behind a particular event that has taken place, as far as it can be visible to the eyes or intelligible to the mind? Then, a proper step has to be taken to rectify the situation which has become the immediate cause of a particular experience. The experience that we are referring to here is nothing but the manifestation of a vritti in the mind in the direction of an object of sense, or any kind of individualistic satisfaction.

1.06 - Being Human and the Copernican Principle, #Preparing for the Miraculous, #George Van Vrekhem, #Integral Yoga
  it can prove its affirmations Mathematically and experi
  mentally, and that it has conquered the Earth. Yet the first
  --
  knack for complicated Mathematics and an extensive train
  ing in them. This has led to the image of the scientist, more
  --
  their Mathematical training that some scientists perorate
  about matters outside their formulas or laboratories, mat
  --
  present state of knowledge about physics, Mathematics, and
  biology. 6
  --
  in the composition of Mathematical formulae.
  5. The language of science is Mathematics, based on meas-
  urement.
  --
  showed Mathematically that the Earth orbiting around the
  Sun was a more correct proposition than the Sun orbiting
  --
  less verbiage; what counted was to solve the Mathematical
  problems posed by the accepted paradigms. The rest one
  --
  a success. It established him as a Mathematician to be reck
  oned with. The academic establishment welcomed him with
  open arms, and asked him to apply his Mathematical abil
  ity to what was to them a far more important problem: the
  --
  Academy he used Mathematical arguments to demonstrate
  that Hell must have a shape like a cone, with the point at
  --
  tureship in Mathematics at the University of Pisa, where he
  soon realized that he had got the Mathematics of Hell badly
  wrong. (Len Fisher ) 25

1.06 - Dhyana, #Liber ABA, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  16:(This, too, has its analogies in ordinary life; the conceptions of higher Mathematics cannot be grasped by the beginner, cannot be explained to the layman.)
  17:A further development is the appearance of the Form which has been universally described as human; although the persons describing it proceed to add a great number of details which are not human at all. This particular appearance is usually assumed to be "God."

1.06 - Quieting the Vital, #Sri Aurobindo or the Adventure of Consciousness, #Satprem, #Integral Yoga
  These adverse forces have been given all sorts of devilish and "negative" names through the world's spiritual history, as if their sole aim were to damn the seeker and give decent people a hard time. The reality is somewhat different, for where is the devil if not in God? If he is not in God, then there is not much left in God, because this world is evil enough, as are quite a few other worlds, so that not much would remain that is pure, except perhaps for a dimensionless and shadowless Mathematical point. In reality, as experience shows, these disturbing forces have their place in the universe; they are disturbing only at the scale of our constricted momentary consciousness, and for a specific purpose. Firstly, they always catch us with our defenses down yet were we firm and one-pointed, they could not shake us for a second. In addition, if we look into ourselves instead of whining and blaming the devil or the world's wickedness, we find that each of these attacks has exposed one of our many virtuous pretenses, or, as Mother says, has pulled off the little coats we put on to avoid seeing. Not only do the little, or big, coats conceal our own weaknesses, they are everywhere in the world, hiding its small deficiencies as well as its enormous conceit; and if the perturbing forces yank the coats a bit violently, it is not at random or with wanton malice, but to open our eyes and compel us to a perfection we might otherwise resist, because as soon as we have grasped hold of a grain of truth or a wisp of ideal,
  we have the unfortunate tendency to lock it up in an hermetic and 66
  --
  Indeed, God may not be a pure Mathematical point, external to this world; perhaps He is all this world and all this impurity laboring and suffering to become perfect, and to remember Itself here on earth.
  The method for dealing with these adverse forces is the same as for the other vibrations: silence, inner stillness that lets the storm blow over. We may not succeed the first time in dissolving these attacks,

1.06 - The Literal Qabalah, #A Garden of Pomegranates - An Outline of the Qabalah, #Israel Regardie, #Occultism
  A few methods of applying Qabalistic ideas will now be demonstrated, the reader bearing firmly in mind that each letter has a number, symbol, and Tarot card attributed to it. The Rabbis who originally worked on the Qabalah discovered so much of interest and importance behind the merely superficial value of numbers and of words embody- ing and representing these numbers, that they gradually developed an elaborate science of numerical conceptions altogether apart from Mathematics as such. They devised various methods of number interpretation to discover, primarily, the hidden meaning of their scriptures.
  Gematria

1.06 - THE MASTER WITH THE BRAHMO DEVOTEES, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "Once a thief stole the jewels from the images in the temple of Radhakanta. Mathur Babu entered the temple and said to the Deity: 'What a shame, O God! You couldn't save Your own ornaments.' 'The idea!' I said to Mathur. 'Does He who has Lakshmi for His handmaid and attendant ever lack any splendour? Those jewels may be precious to you, but to God they are no better than lumps of clay. Shame on you! You shouldn't have spoken so meanly. 'What riches can you give to God to magnify His glory?'
  "Therefore I say, a man seeks the person in whom he finds joy. What need has he to ask where that person lives, the number of his houses, gardens, relatives, and servants, or the amount of his wealth? I forget everything when I see Narendra. Never, even unwittingly, have I asked him where he lived, what his father's profession was, or the number of his brothers.

1.06 - The Three Schools of Magick 1, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  It remains, therefore, in a contemplative attitude. To use the terms of Western philosophy, there is in its attitude something of the stoicism of Zeno; or of the Pickwickianism, if I may use the term, of Epicurus. The ideal reaction to phenomena is that of perfect elasticity. It possesses something of the cold-bloodedness of Mathematics; and for this reason it seems fair to say, for the purposes of elementary study, that Pythagoras is its most adequate exponent in European philosophy.
  Since the discovery of Asiatic thought, however, we have no need to take our ideas at second-hand. The Yellow School of Magick possesses one perfect classic. The Tao Teh King.[AC16]

1.07 - On Our Knowledge of General Principles, #The Problems of Philosophy, #Bertrand Russell, #Philosophy
  All pure Mathematics is _a priori_, like logic. This was strenuously denied by the empirical philosophers, who maintained that experience was as much the source of our knowledge of arithmetic as of our knowledge of geography. They maintained that by the repeated experience of seeing two things and two other things, and finding that altogether they made four things, we were led by induction to the conclusion that two things and two other things would _always_ make four things altogether. If, however, this were the source of our knowledge that two and two are four, we should proceed differently, in persuading ourselves of its truth, from the way in which we do actually proceed. In fact, a certain number of instances are needed to make us think of two abstractly, rather than of two coins or two books or two people, or two of any other specified kind. But as soon as we are able to divest our thoughts of irrelevant particularity, we become able to see the general principle that two and two are four; any one instance is seen to be _typical_, and the examination of other instances becomes unnecessary.(1)
  (1) Cf. A. N. Whitehead, _Introduction to Mathematics_ (Home University
  Library).
  --
  The fact is that, in simple Mathematical judgements such as 'two and two are four', and also in many judgements of logic, we can know the general proposition without inferring it from instances, although some instance is usually necessary to make clear to us what the general proposition means. This is why there is real utility in the process of _deduction_, which goes from the general to the general, or from the general to the particular, as well as in the process of _induction_, which goes from the particular to the particular, or from the particular to the general.
  It is an old debate among philosophers whether deduction ever gives
  --
  We have now seen that there are propositions known _a priori_, and that among them are the propositions of logic and pure Mathematics, as well as the fundamental propositions of ethics. The question which must next occupy us is this: How is it possible that there should be such knowledge? And more particularly, how can there be knowledge of general propositions in cases where we have not examined all the instances, and indeed never can examine them all, because their number is infinite?
  These questions, which were first brought prominently forward by the German philosopher Kant (1724-1804), are very difficult, and historically very important.

1.07 - The Farther Reaches of Human Nature, #Sex Ecology Spirituality, #Ken Wilber, #Philosophy
  This is simply not true; or rather, if it is true, then it applies to any and all nonempirical endeavors, from Mathematics to literature to linguistics to psychoanalysis to historical interpretation. Nobody has ever seen, "out there" in the "sensory world," the square root of a negative one. That is a Mathematical symbol seen only inwardly, "privately," with the mind's eye. Yet a community of trained Mathematicians know exactly what that symbol means, and they can share that symbol easily in intersubjective awareness, and they can confirm or reject the proper and consistent uses of that symbol. Just so, the "private" experiences of contemplative scientists can be shared with a community of trained contemplatives, grounded in a common and shared experience, and open to confirmation or re buttal based on public evidence.
  Recall that the Right-Hand path is open to empirical verification, which means that the Right-Hand dimension of holons, their form or exteriors, can indeed be "seen" with the senses or their extensions. But the Left-Hand dimension-the interior side-cannot be seen empirically "out there," although it can be internally experienced (and although it has empirical correlates: my interior thoughts register on an EEG but cannot be determined or interpreted or known from that evidence). Everything on the Left Hand, from sensations to impulses to images and concepts and so on, is an interior experience known to me directly by acquaintance (which can indeed be "objectively described," but only through an intersubjective community at the same depth, where it relies on interpretation from the same depth). Direct spiritual experience is simply the higher reaches of the Upper-Left quadrant, and those experiences are as real as any other direct experiences, and they can be as easily shared (or distorted) as any other experiential knowledge.11 (The only way to deny the validity of direct interior experiential knowledge-whether it be Mathematical knowledge, introspective knowledge, or spiritual knowledge-is to take the behaviorist stance and identify interior experience with exterior behavior. Should somebody mention that this is the cynical twist or pathological agency of Broughton's level four?)
  There is, of course, one proviso: the experimenter must, in his or her own case, have developed the requisite cognitive tools. If, for example, we want to investigate concrete operational thought, a community of those who have only developed to the preoperational level will not do. If you take a preop child, and in front of the child pour the water from a short fat glass into a tall thin glass, the child will tell you that the tall glass has more water. If you say, no, there is the same amount of water in both glasses, because you just saw me pour the same water from one glass to the other, the child will have no idea what you're talking about. "No, the tall glass has more water." No matter how many times you pour the water back and forth between the two glasses, the child will deny they have the same amount of water. (Interestingly, if you videotape the child at this stage, and then wait a few years until the child has developed conop-at which point it will seem utterly obvious to him that the glasses have the same amount of water-and then show the child the earlier videotape, he will deny that it's him. He thinks you've doctored the videotape; he cannot imagine anybody being that stupid.) The preop child is immersed in a world that includes conop realities, is drenched in those realities, and yet cannot "see" them: they are all "otherworldly."

1.081 - The Application of Pratyahara, #The Study and Practice of Yoga, #Swami Krishnananda, #Yoga
  In every branch of learning there is the theory aspect and the practical aspect, whether it is in Mathematics, or physics, or any other aspect of study. Here it is of a similar nature. Why is it that the mind is to be withdrawn from the object? The answer to this question is in the theoretical aspect which is the philosophy. What is wrong with the mind in its contemplation on things? Why should we not think of an object? Why we should not think of an object cannot be answered now, at this stage, when we have actually taken up this practice. We ought to have understood it much earlier. When we have started walking, it means that we already know why we are walking and where is our destination. We cannot start walking and say, Where am I walking to? Why did we start walking without knowing the destination? Likewise, if our question as to why this is necessary at all is not properly answered within our own self, then immediately there will be repulsion from the mind and it will say, You do not know what you are doing. You are merely troubling me. Then the mind will not agree to this proposal of abstraction.
  Hence, there should be a very clear notion before we set about doing things; and this is a principle to be followed in every walk of life. Without knowing what is to be done, why do we start doing anything? Even if it is cooking, we must know the theory first. What is it about? We cannot run about higgledy-piggledy without understanding it. The purpose of the withdrawal of the mind or the senses from the objects is simple; and that simple answer to this question is that the nature of things does not permit the notion that the mind entertains when it contacts an object. The idea that we have in our mind at the time of cognising an object is not in consonance with the nature of Truth. This is why the mind is to be withdrawn from the object. There is a peculiar definition which the mind imposes upon the object of sense at the time of cognising it, for the purpose of contacting it, etc. This definition is contrary to the true nature of that object. If we call an ass a dog, that would not be a proper definition; it would be a misunderstanding of its real essence. The object of sense is not related to the subject of perception in the manner in which the subject is defining it or conceiving it.

1.08a - The Ladder, #A Garden of Pomegranates - An Outline of the Qabalah, #Israel Regardie, #Occultism
  Not long ago (May 27th, 1931) Mr. J. W. N. Sullivan, the Mathematician and exponent of popular scientific prin- ciples, wrote in The Daily Express what appears to be, on the part of non-mystical writers and thinkers of to-day, a growing realization of the value of the experience which I have been labouring to explain. He writes :
  " I do not believe that mysticism is a mere mental aberration.

1.08 - SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE SPIRITUAL REPERCUSSIONS OF THE ATOM BOMB, #The Future of Man, #Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, #Christianity
  confidence in the instrument of Mathematical analysis which for
  the past century he had been forging. Not only could matter be ex-
  --
  pressed in terms of Mathematics, it could be subjugated by Math-
  ematics. Perhaps even more important, he had discovered, in

1.08 - The Change of Vision, #On the Way to Supermanhood, #Satprem, #Integral Yoga
  The seeker of the truth of the earth constantly encounters this contradiction. And that is the key to the new vision. He encounters it in himself, in others, in circumstances: nothing works as it should. Where is the truth in this chaos, confusion, falsehood? Not here, to be sure; we must struggle, reject, correct circumstances, strive towards a something that is out there, in the distance, tomorrow or the day after. And truth keeps eluding us completely. Others before us have corrected circumstances in Babylon, in Thebes, in Kapilavastu. For the past ten thousand years we have gone through one civilization after another, and it is certainly an illusion to believe that ours will not go, and that the Western world, with all its scientific and cultural truths, will forever remain the center of the world. For, actually, tomorrow or the day after never comes. If truth is not right here now, it will never be. That is the simple Mathematics of the world.
  Truth is totally natural, which is why we do not see it. It is even the most natural thing in the world. It was there from the very first blast of atoms, otherwise when would it have ever appeared, at what period of Andromeda, the Crab or the local galaxy we live in, brought by what prophet, what discovery, what miracle? Prophets have come and gone; discovery is added to discovery and today's miracles will form archeological strata for the citizens of another era. We aren't there yet, and yet we have always been there, in the midst of the miracle. Only, there is a moment when one opens one's eyes to the miracle. And that is the only moment in the world, the Great Moment of all ages and all earths for everything is tied together, there is but one body in the world and but one look for all the universes. We cannot change one point of the world without changing everything, open our eyes here without opening them all, instantly, regardless of distance, because there is but one Truth and one center.

1.09 - Sri Aurobindo and the Big Bang, #Preparing for the Miraculous, #George Van Vrekhem, #Integral Yoga
  the Mathematical instruments of present-day physics to cal
  culate fantastically complex events in a past many billions
  --
  tation. However, measurement and Mathematics are only
  applicable to material objects, and materialistic science has

1.09 - The Secret Chiefs, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  Yes: the thaumaturgic engine disposes of a type of energy more adaptable than Electricity itself, and both stronger and subtler than this, its analogy in the world of profane science. One might say, that it is electrical, or at least one of the elements in the "Ring-formula" of modern Mathematical Physics.
  In the R.R. et A.C., this is indicated to the Adept Minor by the title conferred upon him on his initiation to that grade: Hodos Camelionis: the Path of the Chameleon. (This emphasizes the omnivalence of the force.) In the higher degrees of O.T.O. the AA is not fond of terms like this, which verge on the picturesque it is usually called "the Ophidian Vibrations," thus laying special stress upon its serpentine strength, subtlety, its control of life and death, and its power to insinuate itself into any desired set of circumstances.

11.05 - The Ladder of Unconsciousness, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Now, the curious and most interesting thing is that the end is not the end of things; for beyond the zero there is the minus sign and what does minus mean? I t does not mean mere negation, it means a realitya negative real. It is a moot problem in philosophyphilosophers have questioned, argued, discussed at length about itwhether negation means only denial, just the contrary of affirmation. If affirmation means a real, negation means simply the unreal. It has been declared by competent authorities that negation, like affirmation, is also a reality but of the opposite sign. We know in Mathematics the minus sign is as real as the plus.
   The minus consciousness is something like the minus numerical figure. And indeed in its pure and essential reality, its ultimate, it has or is a figurea very ominous figure It is Death. And as such it becomes an altogether real, living entity, of the opposite sign as I said. This minus reality stretches downward and goes round and touches as it were, the back of the Supreme plus reality, 'the Supreme Consciousness. That is the negative infinite, the great shadow of the Infinite Light.

1.10 - Aesthetic and Ethical Culture, #The Human Cycle, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
  Neither the ethical being nor the aesthetic being is the whole man, nor can either be his sovereign principle; they are merely two powerful elements. Ethical conduct is not the whole of life; even to say that it is three-fourths of life is to indulge in a very doubtful Mathematics. We cannot assign to it its position in any such definite language, but can at best say that its kernel of will, character and self-discipline are almost the first condition for human self-perfection. The aesthetic sense is equally indispensable, for without that the self-perfection of the mental being cannot arrive at its object, which is on the mental plane the right and harmonious possession and enjoyment of the truth, power, beauty and delight of human existence. But neither can be the highest principle of the human order. We can combine them; we can enlarge the sense of ethics by the sense of beauty and delight and introduce into it to correct its tendency of hardness and austerity the element of gentleness, love, amenity, the hedonistic side of morals; we can steady, guide and streng then the delight of life by the introduction of the necessary will and austerity and self-discipline which will give it endurance and purity. These two powers of our psychological being, which represent in us the essential principle of energy and the essential principle of delight,the Indian terms are more profound and expressive, Tapas and Ananda,2can be thus helped by each other, the one to a richer, the other to a greater self-expression. But that even this much reconciliation may come about they must be taken up and enlightened by a higher principle which must be capable of understanding and comprehending both equally and of disengaging and combining disinterestedly their purposes and potentialities. That higher principle seems to be provided for us by the human faculty of reason and intelligent will. Our crowning capacity, it would seem to be by right the crowned sovereign of our nature.
    The epithet is needed, for European Christianity has been something different, even at its best of another temperament, Latinised, Graecised, Celticised or else only a rough Teutonic imitation of the old-world Hebraism.

1.10 - Harmony, #On the Way to Supermanhood, #Satprem, #Integral Yoga
  Indeed, it is magic. The seeker repeats the same experience ten, a hundred times. And he begins to stare in fascination. He begins, through a tiny experience, to ask himself a stupendous why?... Oh, the world's secrets are not concealed in thunder and flames! They are here, just waiting for a consenting look, a simple way of being that does not constantly put up its habitual barriers, its possibles or impossibles, its you-can'ts and you-mustn'ts, its buts and more buts, its ineluctables, and the whole train of its iron laws, the old laws of an animal-man who goes round and round in the cage built with his own hands. He looks about himself, and the experience multiplies, as if it were thrust before his very eyes, as if that simple little effort for truth sparked innumerable answers, precipitated circumstances, encounters, demonstrations, as if it were saying, Look, look, this is how it works. A consciousness beyond words lays its finger of light upon each encounter. The true picture emerges from behind appearances. A breath of truth here elicits the same truth in each thing and each movement. And he sees.... He does not see miracles or rather, he sees sordid little miracles blindly contrived by blind magicians. He sees poor humans in droves weaving the pretty bubble, patiently and tirelessly inflating it, each day adding their little breath of defeat or desire or helplessness, their miasma of self-doubt, their little noxious thoughts, stretching and nurturing the iridescent bubble of their knowledge and petty triumphs, the implacable bubble of their science, the bubble of their charity or virtue. And they go on, prisoners of a bubble, entangled in the network of force they have carefully woven, accumulated, piled up day after day. Each act results from that thrust; each circumstance is the obscure gravitation of that attraction, and everything moves mechanically, ineluctably, Mathematically as we have willed it in a black or yellow or decrepit little bubble. And the more we kick and strain and struggle and draw this force inside to break the pretty or not so pretty wall, the harder it becomes, as if our ultimate effort still brought to it an ultimate strength. And we say we are the victims of circumstances, victims of this or that; we say we are poor, sick, ill-fated; we say we are rich, virtuous, triumphant. We say we are thousands of things under thousands of colors and bubbles, and there is nothing of the kind, no rich, no poor, no sick, no virtuous or victim; there is something else, oh, radically different, which is awaiting its hour. There is a secret godhead smiling.
  And the bubble grows. It takes in families, peoples, continents; it takes in every color, every wisdom, every truth, and envelops them. There is that breath of light, that note of beauty, the miracle of those few lines caught in architecture or geometry, that instant of truth that heals and delivers, that lovely curve glimpsed in a flash which links that star to this destiny, this asymptote to that hyperbola, this man to that song, this gesture to that effect and more men come, men by the thousands, who come puffing and inflating the little bubble, creating pink and blue and everlasting religions, infallible salvations in the great bubble, summits of light that are the sum of their compounded little hopes, abysses of hell that are the sum of their cherished fears; who come adding this note and that idea, this grain of knowledge and that healing second, this conjunction and that curve, that moment of effectiveness beneath the dust of the myriads of galaxies, chromatic temples, devising unquestionable medicines under the great bubble, irreducible sciences, implacable geometries, charts of illness, charts of recovery, charts of destiny. And everything twists and turns as the doctor willed it under the great fateful Bubble, as the scientist willed it, as that moment of coincidence among the countless myriads of lines in the universe has decided it for the eternity of time. We have seized a minute of the world and made it into the huge amber light that blinds and suffocates us in the great mental bubble. And there is nothing of the kind not one single law, not one single illness, not one single medical or scientific dogma, not one single temple is true,, not one perpetual chart, not one single destiny under the stars there is a tremendous mental hypnotism, and behind, far, far behind, and yet right here, so much here, immediately here, something impregnable, unseizable by any snare, unrestricted by any law, invulnerable to every illness and every hypnotism, unsaved by our salvations, unsullied by our sins, unsullied by our virtues, free from every destiny and every chart, from every golden or black bubble a pure, infallible bird that can recreate the world in the twinkling of an eye. We change our look, and everything changes. Gone is the pretty bubble. It is here if we want.

1.10 - On our Knowledge of Universals, #The Problems of Philosophy, #Bertrand Russell, #Philosophy
  Two opposite points are to be observed concerning _a priori_ general propositions. The first is that, if many particular instances are known, our general proposition may be arrived at in the first instance by induction, and the connexion of universals may be only subsequently perceived. For example, it is known that if we draw perpendiculars to the sides of a triangle from the opposite angles, all three perpendiculars meet in a point. It would be quite possible to be first led to this proposition by actually drawing perpendiculars in many cases, and finding that they always met in a point; this experience might lead us to look for the general proof and find it. Such cases are common in the experience of every Mathematician.
  The other point is more interesting, and of more philosophical importance. It is, that we may sometimes know a general proposition in cases where we do not know a single instance of it. Take such a case as the following: We know that any two numbers can be multiplied together, and will give a third called their _product_. We know that all pairs of integers the product of which is less than 100 have been actually multiplied together, and the value of the product recorded in the multiplication table. But we also know that the number of integers is infinite, and that only a finite number of pairs of integers ever have been or ever will be thought of by human beings. Hence it follows that there are pairs of integers which never have been and never will be thought of by human beings, and that all of them deal with integers the product of which is over 100. Hence we arrive at the proposition:

1.10 - THE MASTER WITH THE BRAHMO DEVOTEES (II), #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  Such was the single-minded devotion of the gopis to Krishna that they didn't care to look at anyone but the Krishna they had seen at Vrindvan-the Shepherd Krishna, bedecked with a garl and of yellow wild-flowers and wearing a peacock feather on His crest. At the sight of Krishna at Mathura with a turban on His head and dressed in royal robes, the gopis pulled down their veils. They would not look at His face. 'Who is this man?' they said. 'Should we violate our chaste love for Krishna by talking to him?'
  "The devotion of the wife to her husb and is also an instance of unswerving love. She feeds her brothers-in-law as well, and looks after their comforts, but she has a special relationship with her husband. Likewise, one may have that single-minded devotion to one's own religion; but one should not on that account hate other faiths. On the contrary, one should have a friendly attitude, toward them."
  --
  "How faithful to Krishna the gopis were! After many entreaties to the door-keeper, the gopis entered the royal court in Mathura, where Krishna was seated as king. The door-keeper took them to Him; but at the sight of King Krishna wearing the royal turban, the gopis bent down their heads and said among themselves: 'Who is this man with a turban on his head? Should we violate our chaste love for Krishna by talking to him? Where is our beloved Krishna with the yellow robe and the bewitching crest with the peacock feather?'
  "Did you observe the single-minded love of the gopis for Krishna? The ideal of Vrindvan is unique. I am told that the people of Dwaraka worship Krishna, the companion of Arjuna, but reject Radha."

11.15 - Sri Aurobindo, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   Standing on the mental plane, immured within the dimensions of Reason and mental intelligence, it is not easy to contemplate the type of consciousness that will be; even as it was difficult for the ape to envisage the advent of his successor, man. But certain characteristic signs, rudimentary or fragmentary movements of the higher status are visible in the mental consciousness even as it is: the ape likewise was not without a glimmer of Reason and logic, even the faculty of ratiocination that seems to be the exclusive property of man. There is, for example, a movement we call Intuition, so different from Reason to which even Scientists and Mathematicians acknowledge their debt of gratitude for so many of their discoveries and inventions. There is also the other analogous movement called Inspiration that rules the poet and the artist disclosing to them a world of beauty and reality that is not available to the normal human consciousness. Again, there is yet another group of human beings at the top of the ladder of evolutionmystics and sageswho see the truth, possess the truth direct through a luminous immediacy of perception, called Revelation. Now, all these functionings of consciousness that happen frequently enough within the domain of normal humanity are still expressions of a higher mode of consciousness: they are not the product or play of Reason or logical intelligence which marks the character, the differentia of human consciousness.
   But, as at present, these are mere glimmers and glimpses from elsewhere and man has no comm and or control over them. They are beyond the habitual conscious will, they come and go as they like, happy visitations from another world, they do not abide our question and are not at our beck and call. The Supermind, on the contrary, is in full possession of that consciousness of which these are faint beginnings and distant echoes. The Superman will be born when man has risen above his mind and emerged into the supramental consciousness.

1.11 - On Intuitive Knowledge, #The Problems of Philosophy, #Bertrand Russell, #Philosophy
  One important point about self-evidence is made clear by the case of memory, and that is, that self-evidence has degrees: it is not a quality which is simply present or absent, but a quality which may be more or less present, in gradations ranging from absolute certainty down to an almost imperceptible faintness. Truths of perception and some of the principles of logic have the very highest degree of self-evidence; truths of immediate memory have an almost equally high degree. The inductive principle has less self-evidence than some of the other principles of logic, such as 'what follows from a true premiss must be true'. Memories have a diminishing self-evidence as they become remoter and fainter; the truths of logic and Mathematics have (broadly speaking) less self-evidence as they become more complicated. Judgements of intrinsic ethical or aesthetic value are apt to have some self-evidence, but not much.
  Degrees of self-evidence are important in the theory of knowledge, since, if propositions may (as seems likely) have some degree of self-evidence without being true, it will not be necessary to abandon all connexion between self-evidence and truth, but merely to say that, where there is a conflict, the more self-evident proposition is to be retained and the less self-evident rejected.

1.11 - WITH THE DEVOTEES AT DAKSHINEWAR, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "At that time I was almost unconscious of thc outer world. Mathur Babu kept me at his Janbazar mansion a few days. While living there I regarded myself as the handmaid of the Divine Mother. The ladies of the house didn't feel at all bashful with me. They felt as free before me as women feel before a small boy or girl. I used to escort Mathur's daughter to her husband's chamber with the maidservant.
  "Even now the slightest thing awakens God-Consciousness in me. Rkhl used to repeat the name of God half aloud. At such times I couldn't control myself. It would rouse my spiritual consciousness and overwhelm me."
  --
  "One day I begged Mathur to take me to Devendra Tagore's house. I said: 'Devendra chants the name of God, I want to see him. Will you take me there?' Mathur Babu was a very proud man. How could one expect him to go to another man's house uninvited? At first he hesitated. But then he said: 'All right. Devendra and I were fellow students. I will take you to him.'
  "Another day I learnt of a good man named Dina Mukherji, living at Baghbazar near the bridge. He was a devotee. I asked Mathur to take me there. Finding me insistent, he took me to Dina's house in a carriage. It was a small place. The arrival of a rich man in a big carriage embarrassed the inmates. We too were embarrassed. That day Dina's son was being invested with the sacred thread. The house was crowded, and there was hardly any place for Dina to receive us. We were about to enter a side room, when someone cried out: 'Please don't go into that room. There are ladies there.' It was really a distressing situation. Returning, Mathur Babu said, 'Father, I shall never listen to you again.' I laughed.
  "Oh, what a state I passed through! Once Kumar Singh gave a feast to the sadhus and invited me too. I found a great many holy men assembled there. When I sat down for the meal, several sadhus asked me about myself. At once I felt like leaving them and sitting alone. I wondered why they should bother about all that. The sadhus took their seats. I began to eat before they had started. I heard several of them remark, 'Oh!
  --
  Ramlal sang about the love of the gopis for Sri Krishna. Akrura was about to drive Sri Krishna in a chariot from Vrindavan to Mathura. The gopis would not let Him go. Some held the wheels of the chariot; some lay down in front of it. They blamed Akrura, not knowing that Sri Krishna was leaving them of His own will. Akrura was explaining this to the gopis.
  Ramlal sang:
  --
  About the gopis, the Master said: "What deep love, what ecstatic devotion they had for Krishna! Radha painted the picture of Sri Krishna with her own hand, but did not paint His legs lest He should run away to Mathura! I used to sing these songs very often during my boyhood. I could reproduce the whole drama from memory."
  After his meal Sri Ramakrishna sat on the couch. He had not yet found time to rest.

1.11 - Woolly Pomposities of the Pious Teacher, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  Now that we are agreed upon the conditions to be satisfied if we are to allow that a given proposition contains a Thought at all, it is proper to turn our attention to the relative value of different kinds of thought. This question is of the very first importance: the whole theory of Education depends upon a correct standard. There are facts and facts: one would not necessarily be much the wiser if one got the Encyclopaedia Britannica by heart, or the Tables of Logarithms. The one aim of Mathematics, in fact Whitehead points this out in his little Shilling Arithmetic is to make one fact do the work of thousands.
  What we are looking for is a working Hierarchy of Facts.

1.12 - Dhruva commences a course of religious austerities, #Vishnu Purana, #Vyasa, #Hinduism
  THE prince, having received these instructions, respectfully saluted the sages, and departed from the forest, fully confiding in the accomplishment of his purposes. He repaired to the holy place, on the banks of the Yamunā, called Madhu or Madhuvana, the grove of Madhu, after the demon of that name, who formerly abided there. Śatrughna (the younger brother of Rāma) having slain the Rākṣas Lavaṇa, the son of Madhu, founded a city on the spot, which was named Mathurā. At this holy shrine, the purifier from all sin, which enjoyed the presence of the sanctifying god of gods, Dhruva performed penance, as enjoined by Marīci and the sages: he contemplated Viṣṇu, the sovereign of all the gods, seated in himself. Whilst his mind was wholly absorbed in meditation, the mighty Hari, identical with all beings and with all natures, (took possession of his heart.) Viṣṇu being thus present in his mind, the earth, the supporter of elemental life, could not sustain the weight of the ascetic. As he stood upon his left foot, one hemisphere bent beneath him; and when he stood upon his right, the other half of the earth sank down. When he touched the earth with his toes, it shook with all its mountains, and the rivers and the seas were troubled, and the gods partook of the universal agitation.
  The celestials called Yāmas, being excessively alarmed, then took counsel with Indra how they should interrupt the devout exercises of Dhruva; and the divine beings termed Kushmāṇḍas, in company with their king, commenced anxious efforts to distract his meditations. One, assuming the semblance of his mother Sunīti, stood weeping before him, and calling in tender accents, "My son, my son, desist from destroying thy strength by this fearful penance. I have gained thee, my son, after much anxious hope: thou canst not have the cruelty to quit me, helpless, alone, and unprotected, on account of the unkindness of my rival. Thou art my only refuge; I have no hope but thou. What hast thou, a child but five years old, to do with rigorous penance? Desist from such fearful practices, that yield no beneficial fruit. First comes the season of youthful pastime; and when that is over, it is the time for study: then succeeds the period of worldly enjoyment; and lastly, that of austere devotion. This is thy season of pastime, my child. Hast thou engaged in these practices to put an end to thine existence? Thy chief duty is love for me: duties are according to time of life. Lose not thyself in bewildering error: desist from such unrighteous actions. If not, if thou wilt not desist from these austerities, I will terminate my life before thee."

1.12 - God Departs, #Twelve Years With Sri Aurobindo, #Nirodbaran, #Integral Yoga
  I need not add that the Samadhi of Sri Aurobindo is not just a conventional place of pilgrimage. Every part of it is vibrant with the Consciousness-Force that the Master embodied during his unparalleled lifelong sadhana. From the oldest to the youngest, devotees see his glorious face, hear his ethereal voice, receive his answer to their prayers and become filled with something that cannot be Mathematically proved, but subjectively apprehended. Yogis, saints and sadhus through the ages have done miracles; the Samadhi does the same in a different way; it is a Presence that radiates a constant stream of Peace, Light, Force, and responds to all our soul-needs when we approach it with faith and devotion.
  [1]Savitri, The Book of Fate, Canto II.

1.12 - The Superconscient, #Sri Aurobindo or the Adventure of Consciousness, #Satprem, #Integral Yoga
  Some seekers may therefore never see beings, but only luminous forces; others will see only beings and never any force; it all depends on their inner disposition, on their form of aspiration, on their religious, spiritual, or even cultural background. This is where subjectivity begins, and with it the possibility of confusion and superstition. But subjectivity should not undermine the experience itself; it is merely a sign that the same thing can be viewed and transcribed differently depending on our nature have two artists ever seen the same landscape in the same way? According to the experts in natural and supernatural phenomena, the criterion for truth should be an unchanging consistency of experience, but this is perhaps more likely a criterion of monotony; the very multiplicity of experiences proves that we are dealing with a living truth, not a wooden substance like our mental or physical truths. Furthermore, these conscious highly conscious forces can take any form at will, not to deceive us but to make themselves accessible to the particular consciousness of the person who opens himself to them or invokes them. A Christian saint having a vision of the Virgin and an Indian having a vision of Durga may see the same thing; they may have entered in contact with the same plane of consciousness, the same forces; yet Durga would obviously mean nothing to the Christian. On the other hand, if this same force manifested itself in its pure state, namely, as a luminous, impersonal vibration, it would be accessible neither to the Virgin worshipper nor to the Durga devotee; it would not speak to their hearts. Devotion, too, has its place, for not everyone has the necessary development to feel the intensity of love contained in a simple little golden light without form. Still more remarkably, if a poet, such as Rimbaud or Shelley, came in contact with these same planes of consciousness, he would see something completely different again, yet still the same thing; obviously, neither Durga nor the Virgin is of particular concern to a poet, so he might perceive instead a great vibration, pulsations of light, or colored waves, which in him would translate into an intense poetic emotion. We may recall Rimbaud: "O happiness, O reason, I drew aside the azure of the sky, which is blackness, and I lived as a golden spark of natural light." This emotional translation may indeed come from the same plane of consciousness, or have the same frequency, we might say, as that of the Indian or Christian mystic, even though the poetic transcription of the vibration seems far removed from any religious belief. The Mathematician suddenly discerning a new configuration of the world may have touched the same height of consciousness, the same revelatory vibration. For nothing happens "by chance"; everything comes from somewhere, from a particular plane, and each plane has its own wavelength, its own luminous intensity, its own frequency, and one can enter the same plane of consciousness, the same illumination in a thousand different ways.
  Those who have exceeded, or think they have exceeded, the stage of religious forms will jump to the conclusion that all personal forms are deceptive, or of a lower order, and that only impersonal forces are true, but this is an error of our human logic, which always tries to reduce everything to a uniform concept. The vision of Durga is no more false and imaginary than Shelley's poem or Einstein's equations, which were confirmed ten years later. Error and superstition begin with the assertion that only the Virgin is true, or only Durga, or only poetry. The reconciling truth would be in seeing that all these forms come from the same divine Light, in different degrees.
  --
  Practically, the one essential thing is to open oneself to these higher planes; once there, each person will receive according to his or her capacity and needs or particular aspiration. All the quarrels between materialists and religious men, between philosophers and poets and painters and musicians, are the childish games of an incipient humanity in which each one wants to fit everyone else into his own mold. When one reaches the luminous Truth, one sees that It can contain all without conflict, and that everyone is Its child: the mystic receives the joy of his beloved One, the poet receives poetic joy, the Mathematician Mathematical joy, and the painter receives colored revelations all spiritual joys.
  However "clear austerity" remains a powerful protection, for unfortunately not everyone has the capacity to rise to the high regions where the forces are pure; it is far easier to open oneself at the vital level, which is the world of the great Force of Life and desires and passions (well known to mediums and occultists), where the lower forces can readily take on divine appearances with dazzling colors, or frightening forms. If the seeker is pure, he will see through the hoax either way, and his little psychic light will dissolve all the threats and all the gaudy mirages of the vital melodrama. But how can one ever be sure of one's own purity? Therefore, not to pursue personal forms but only a higher and higher truth, and letting It manifest under any form It chooses, will help us avoid error and superstition.
  --
  The language of intuition is concentrated into a concise phrasing, without superfluous words, in contrast to the opulent language of the illumined mind (which, through its very richness, nevertheless conveys a luminous rhythm and a truth, perhaps less precisely connoted, but warmer). When Plotinus packed the entire cycle of human effort into one phrase "A flight of the Alone to the Alone" he used a highly intuitive language, as do the Upanishads. But this quality also signals the limits of intuition: no matter how replete with meaning our flashes and phrases, they cannot embrace the whole truth; a fuller, more encompassing warmth would be needed, like that of the illumined mind but with a higher transparency. For the Intuition . . . sees things by flashes, point by point, not as a whole. The area unveiled by the flash is striking and irrefutable, but it is only one space of truth.196 Moreover, the mind hastens to seize upon the intuition and, as Sri Aurobindo remarked, it makes at once too little and too much of it.197 Too much, because it unduly generalizes the intuitive message and would extend its discovery to all space; too little, because instead of letting the flash quietly perform its work of illumination and clarification of our substance, it immediately seizes it, coats it with a thinking layer (or a pictorial, poetic, Mathematical, or religious one), and no longer understands its flash except through the intellectual, artistic, or religious form it has put over it. It is terribly difficult for the mind to comprehend that a revelation can be allpowerful, even overwhelming, without our understanding anything about it, and that it is especially powerful as long as it is not brought down several degrees, diluted, and fragmented in order, supposedly, to be "understood." If we could remain quiet while the intuitive flash occurs, as if suspended in its own light, without pouncing on it to cut it into intellectual pieces, we would notice, after a while, that our entire being has shifted to a different altitude, and that we possess a new kind of vision instead of a lifeless little phrase. The very act of explaining causes most of the transformative power to evaporate.
  If instead of rushing to his pen or brush or into a torrent of words to relieve himself of the excess of light received, the seeker strives to preserve his silence and transparency, if he remains patient, he will see the flashes gradually multiply, draw nearer, as it were, and observe another consciousness slowly dawn within him at once the fulfillment and the source of both the illumined mind and the intuitive mind, and of all human mental forms. This is the overmind.

1.12 - Truth and Knowledge, #The Problems of Philosophy, #Bertrand Russell, #Philosophy
  Desdemona differs from his judgement that Desdemona loves Cassio, in spite of the fact that it consists of the same constituents, because the relation of judging places the constituents in a different order in the two cases. Similarly, if Cassio judges that Desdemona loves Othello, the constituents of the judgement are still the same, but their order is different. This property of having a 'sense' or 'direction' is one which the relation of judging shares with all other relations. The 'sense' of relations is the ultimate source of order and series and a host of Mathematical concepts; but we need not concern ourselves further with this aspect.
  We spoke of the relation called 'judging' or 'believing' as knitting together into one complex whole the subject and the objects. In this respect, judging is exactly like every other relation. Whenever a relation holds between two or more terms, it unites the terms into a complex whole. If Othello loves Desdemona, there is such a complex whole as 'Othello's love for Desdemona'. The terms united by the relation may be themselves complex, or may be simple, but the whole which results from their being united must be complex. Wherever there is a relation which relates certain terms, there is a complex object formed of the union of those terms; and conversely, wherever there is a complex object, there is a relation which relates its constituents. When an act of believing occurs, there is a complex, in which 'believing' is the uniting relation, and subject and objects are arranged in a certain order by the 'sense' of the relation of believing. Among the objects, as we saw in considering 'Othello believes that Desdemona loves Cassio', one must be a relation--in this instance, the relation 'loving'. But this relation, as it occurs in the act of believing, is not the relation which creates the unity of the complex whole consisting of the subject and the objects. The relation 'loving', as it occurs in the act of believing, is one of the objects--it is a brick in the structure, not the cement. The cement is the relation 'believing'. When the belief is

1.13 - Under the Auspices of the Gods, #Sri Aurobindo or the Adventure of Consciousness, #Satprem, #Integral Yoga
  Until now, it is as if the individual's progress in evolution has been to discover higher planes of consciousness, and once there, to build his own private nest apart from the rest of creation, an island of light in the midst of economic philistinism: this one with music, that one with poetry, another with Mathematics or religion, and yet another on a sailboat or in a monk's cell, as if the sole purpose of life in a body were to escape from both life and the body. Indeed, we need only look at our own life; we are never in it! We are before or after, engrossed in memories or in hopes; but the here-and-now is so miserable and dull . . . we do not even know if it exists, except in those moments that no longer belong to life as such. We cannot blame the churches,
  because we all live in the beyond, all the time; they merely preach a larger beyond. Even Rimbaud said it: "True life is elsewhere."

1.14 - INSTRUCTION TO VAISHNAVS AND BRHMOS, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "One day he was reading the Git. He was so strict about his monastic rules that he would not read a holy book looking at a worldly man. So he turned his face toward me and his back on Mathur, who was also present. It was this holy man who told me of Nrada's path of devotion as suited to the people of the Kaliyuga."
  M: "Are not sdhus of his class followers of the Vednta?"
  --
  Radha has come to Mathura, and that is why My skin is gold.
  For she is like the bhramara, and so has given Me her hue.
  --
  I cannot imagine where I am-in Mathura or Navadvip.
  But how could this have come to pass?
  --
  Perhaps because in Mathura sweet Radha has appeared, My skin
  Has borrowed Gaurnga's golden hue.
  --
  MASTER: "But again, there is a thing called nishtha, single-minded devotion. When the gopis went to Mathura they saw Krishna with a turban on His head. At this they pulled down their veils and said, 'Who is this man? Where is our Krishna with the peacock feather on His crest and the yellow cloth on His body?' Hanuman also had that unswerving devotion. He came to Dwaraka in the cycle of Dwapara. Krishna said to Rukmini, His queen, 'Hanuman will not be satisfied unless he sees the form of Rm.'
  So, to please Hanuman, Krishna assumed the form of Rma.

1.14 - The Limits of Philosophical Knowledge, #The Problems of Philosophy, #Bertrand Russell, #Philosophy
  Kant, who first emphasized this contradiction, deduced the impossibility of space and time, which he declared to be merely subjective; and since his time very many philosophers have believed that space and time are mere appearance, not characteristic of the world as it really is. Now, however, owing to the labours of the Mathematicians, notably Georg
  Cantor, it has appeared that the impossibility of infinite collections was a mistake. They are not in fact self-contradictory, but only contradictory of certain rather obstinate mental prejudices. Hence the reasons for regarding space and time as unreal have become inoperative, and one of the great sources of metaphysical constructions is dried up.
  The Mathematicians, however, have not been content with showing that space as it is commonly supposed to be is possible; they have shown also that many other forms of space are equally possible, so far as logic can show. Some of Euclid's axioms, which appear to common sense to be necessary, and were formerly supposed to be necessary by philosophers, are now known to derive their appearance of necessity from our mere familiarity with actual space, and not from any _a priori_ logical foundation. By imagining worlds in which these axioms are false, the Mathematicians have used logic to loosen the prejudices of common sense, and to show the possibility of spaces differing--some more, some less--from that in which we live. And some of these spaces differ so little from Euclidean space, where distances such as we can measure are concerned, that it is impossible to discover by observation whether our actual space is strictly Euclidean or of one of these other kinds.
  Thus the position is completely reversed. Formerly it appeared that experience left only one kind of space to logic, and logic showed this one kind to be impossible. Now, logic presents many kinds of space as possible apart from experience, and experience only partially decides between them. Thus, while our knowledge of what is has become less than it was formerly supposed to be, our knowledge of what may be is enormously increased. Instead of being shut in within narrow walls, of which every nook and cranny could be explored, we find ourselves in an open world of free possibilities, where much remains unknown because there is so much to know.

1.14 - The Structure and Dynamics of the Self, #Aion, #Carl Jung, #Psychology
  tion. Moreover, all the Mathematical and physical elements
  from which a theory of energy could have been constructed were
  --
  right lines. Mathematics, for instance, has more than once
  proved that its purely logical constructions which transcend all

1.15 - LAST VISIT TO KESHAB, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
   Mathur Babu and I went to the temple to see what was the matter. Addressing the image, Mathur said bitterly: 'What a shame, Lord! You are so worthless! The thief took all the ornaments from Your body, and You couldn't do a thing about it.' Thereupon I said to Mathur: 'Shame on you! How improper your words are! To God, the jewels you talk so much about are only lumps of clay. Lakshmi, the Goddess of Fortune, is His Consort. Do you mean to say that He should spend sleepless nights because a thief has taken your few rupees? You mustn't say such things.'
  "Can one ever bring God under control through wealth? He can be tamed only through love. What does He want? Certainly not wealth! He wants from His devotees love, devotion, feeling, discrimination, and renunciation.

1.15 - The Supramental Consciousness, #Sri Aurobindo or the Adventure of Consciousness, #Satprem, #Integral Yoga
  The parallel with nuclear physics is even more striking if we describe the supramental power as it appears to one who inwardly sees. We have said that the higher we rise in consciousness, the more stable and unbroken the light: from the intuitive sparks to the "stable flashes" of the overmind, the light becomes more and more homogeneous. One might imagine, then, that the supramental light is a kind of luminous totality, utterly still and compact, without the tiniest interstice. But, remarkably, the quality of the supramental light is very different from that of other levels of consciousness: it combines both complete stillness and the most rapid movement; here, too, the two opposite poles have become integrated. We can only state the fact without being able to explain it. This is how the Mother describes her first experience with the supramental light: There was an overwhelming impression of power, warmth, gold: it wasn't fluid; it was like a powdering. And each of these things (one can't call them particles or fragments, or even dots, unless "dot" is used in the Mathematical sense of a point that takes up no space) was like living gold a warm gold dust. It wasn't bright, it wasn't dark, nor was it a light as we understand it: a multitude of tiny golden points, nothing but that. It was as if they were touching my eyes, my face. And with a sense of tremendous power! At the same time, there was a feeling of such plenitude the peace of omnipotence. It was rich, full. It was movement at its utmost, infinitely faster than anything we can conceive of, yet at the same time, there was absolute peace and perfect stillness.284 Years later, when the experience had become quite familiar to her, the Mother spoke of it in these terms: It is a movement that is like an eternal Vibration, with neither beginning nor end.
  Something that exists from all eternity, for all eternity, and that has no divisions in time; only when it is projected upon a screen does it begin assuming time-divisions; it isn't possible to say one second, or one instant . . . it's very difficult to explain. Scarcely has it been perceived,

1.15 - The Suprarational Good, #The Human Cycle, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
  It is in our ethical being that this truest truth of practical life, its real and highest practicality becomes most readily apparent. It is true that the rational man has tried to reduce the ethical life like all the rest to a matter of reason, to determine its nature, its law, its practical action by some principle of reason, by some law of reason. He has never really succeeded and he never can really succeed; his appearances of success are mere pretences of the intellect building elegant and empty constructions with words and ideas, mere conventions of logic and vamped-up syntheses, in sum, pretentious failures which break down at the first strenuous touch of reality. Such was that extraordinary system of utilitarian ethics discovered in the nineteenth century the great century of science and reason and utilityby one of its most positive and systematic minds and now deservedly discredited. Happily, we need now only smile at its shallow pretentious errors, its substitution of a practical, outward and occasional test for the inner, subjective and absolute motive of ethics, its reduction of ethical action to an impossibly scientific and quite impracticable jugglery of moral Mathematics, attractive enough to the reasoning and logical mind, quite false and alien to the whole instinct and intuition of the ethical being. Equally false and impracticable are other attempts of the reason to account for and regulate its principle and phenomena,the hedonistic theory which refers all virtue to the pleasure and satisfaction of the mind in good or the sociological which supposes ethics to be no more than a system of formulas of conduct generated from the social sense and a ruled direction of the social impulses and would regulate its action by that insufficient standard. The ethical being escapes from all these formulas: it is a law to itself and finds its principle in its own eternal nature which is not in its essential character a growth of evolving mind, even though it may seem to be that in its earthly history, but a light from the ideal, a reflection in man of the Divine.
  Not that all these errors have not each of them a truth behind their false constructions; for all errors of the human reason are false representations, a wrong building, effective misconstructions of the truth or of a side or a part of the truth. Utility is a fundamental principle of existence and all fundamental principles of existence are in the end one; therefore it is true that the highest good is also the highest utility. It is true also that, not any balance of the greatest good of the greatest number, but simply the good of others and most widely the good of all is one ideal aim of our outgoing ethical practice; it is that which the ethical man would like to effect, if he could only find the way and be always sure what is the real good of all. But this does not help to regulate our ethical practice, nor does it supply us with its inner principle whether of being or of action, but only produces one of the many considerations by which we can feel our way along the road which is so difficult to travel. Good, not utility, must be the principle and standard of good; otherwise we fall into the hands of that dangerous pretender expediency, whose whole method is alien to the ethical. Moreover, the standard of utility, the judgment of utility, its spirit, its form, its application must vary with the individual nature, the habit of mind, the outlook on the world. Here there can be no reliable general law to which all can subscribe, no set of large governing principles such as it is sought to supply to our conduct by a true ethics. Nor can ethics at all or ever be a matter of calculation. There is only one safe rule for the ethical man, to stick to his principle of good, his instinct for good, his vision of good, his intuition of good and to govern by that his conduct. He may err, but he will be on his right road in spite of all stumblings, because he will be faithful to the law of his nature. The saying of the Gita is always true; better is the law of ones own nature though ill-performed, dangerous is an alien law however speciously superior it may seem to our reason. But the law of nature of the ethical being is the pursuit of good; it can never be the pursuit of utility.

1.15 - The Value of Philosophy, #The Problems of Philosophy, #Bertrand Russell, #Philosophy
  Philosophy, like all other studies, aims primarily at knowledge. The knowledge it aims at is the kind of knowledge which gives unity and system to the body of the sciences, and the kind which results from a critical examination of the grounds of our convictions, prejudices, and beliefs. But it cannot be maintained that philosophy has had any very great measure of success in its attempts to provide definite answers to its questions. If you ask a Mathematician, a mineralogist, a historian, or any other man of learning, what definite body of truths has been ascertained by his science, his answer will last as long as you are willing to listen. But if you put the same question to a philosopher, he will, if he is candid, have to confess that his study has not achieved positive results such as have been achieved by other sciences. It is true that this is partly accounted for by the fact that, as soon as definite knowledge concerning any subject becomes possible, this subject ceases to be called philosophy, and becomes a separate science. The whole study of the heavens, which now belongs to astronomy, was once included in philosophy; Newton's great work was called 'the Mathematical principles of natural philosophy'. Similarly, the study of the human mind, which was a part of philosophy, has now been separated from philosophy and has become the science of psychology. Thus, to a great extent, the uncertainty of philosophy is more apparent than real: those questions which are already capable of definite answers are placed in the sciences, while those only to which, at present, no definite answer can be given, remain to form the residue which is called philosophy.
  This is, however, only a part of the truth concerning the uncertainty of philosophy. There are many questions--and among them those that are of the profoundest interest to our spiritual life--which, so far as we can see, must remain insoluble to the human intellect unless its powers become of quite a different order from what they are now. Has the universe any unity of plan or purpose, or is it a fortuitous concourse of atoms? Is consciousness a permanent part of the universe, giving hope of indefinite growth in wisdom, or is it a transitory accident on a small planet on which life must ultimately become impossible? Are good and evil of importance to the universe or only to man? Such questions are asked by philosophy, and variously answered by various philosophers.

1.16 - WITH THE DEVOTEES AT DAKSHINESWAR, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  'Mother,' I said, 'who will look after me? I haven't the power to take care of myself. I want to listen only to talk about Thee. I want to feed Thy devotees. I want to give a little help to those whom I chance to meet. How will all that be possible, Mother? Give me a rich man to stand by me.' That is why Mathur Babu did so much to serve me.
  "I said further, 'Certainly I shall not have any children, Mother. But it is my desire that a boy with sincere love for God should always remain with me. Give me such a boy.' That is the reason Rkhl came here. Those whom I think of as my own are part and parcel of me."
  --
  The manager of the temple garden wrote to Mathur Babu saying that I was feeding the cat with the offering intended for the Divine Mother. But Mathur Babu had insight into the state of my mind. He wrote back to the manager: 'Let him do whatever he likes.
  You must not say anything to him.'

1.17 - M. AT DAKSHINEWAR, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "The worldly man always has some desire or other, though at times he shows much devotion to God. Once Mathur Babu was entangled in a lawsuit. He said to me in the shrine of Kli, 'Sir, please offer this flower to the Divine Mother.' I offered it unsuspectingly, but he firmly believed that he would attain his objective if I offered the flower.
  "What devotion Rati's mother had! How often she used to come here and how much she served me! She was a Vaishnava. One day she noticed that I ate the food offered at the Kli temple, and that stopped her coming. Her devotion to God was one-sided. It isn't possible to understand a person right away."
  --
  Looking at the madhavi creeper, they said, 'O madhavi, give us back our Madhava!' The gopis were intoxicated with ecstatic love for Krishna. Akrura came to Vrindvan to take Krishna and Balarama to Mathura. When they mounted the chariot, the gopis clung to the wheels. They would not let the chariot move."
  Saying this, Sri Ramakrishna sang, assuming the attitude of Akrura: Hold not, hold not the chariot's wheels!
  --
  "Once Mathur Babu said to me: 'Father, there is nothing inside you but God. Your body is like an empty shell. It may look from outside like a pumpkin, but inside there is nothing-neither flesh nor seed. Once I saw you as someone moving with a veil on.'
  Master's vision of Gaurnga
  --
  Master's reminiscences of Mathura and Vrindvan "I went to Vrindvan with Mathur Babu. The moment I came to the Dhruva Ghat at Mathura, in a flash I saw Vasudeva crossing the Jamuna with Krishna in his arms.
  "One evening I was taking a stroll on the beach of the river. There were small thatched huts on the beach and big plum-trees. It was the 'cow-dust' hour. The cows were returning from the pasture, raising dust with their hoofs. I saw them fording the river.
  --
  "I wanted to visit Syamakunda and Radhakunda; so Mathur Babu sent me there in a palanquin. We had a long way to go. Food was put in the palanquin. While going over the meadow I was overpowerd with emotion and wept: 'O Krishna, I find everything the same; only You are not here. This is the very meadow where You tended the cows.'
  Hriday followed me on foot. I was bathed in tears. I couldn't ask the bearers to stop the palanquin.
  --
  "I went in to samdhi at the sight of the image of Bankuvihari. In that state I wanted to touch it. I did not want to visit Govindaji twice. At Mathura I dreamt of Krishna as the cowherd boy. Hriday dnd Mathur Babu had the same dream.
  (To Surendra) "You have both-yoga and bhoga. There are different classes of sages: the brahmarshi, the devarshi, and the rajarshi. Sukadeva is an example of the brahmarshi. He didn't keep even one book with him. An example of the devarhi is Nrada. Janaka was a rajarshi, devoted to selfless work.

1.18 - FAITH, #The Perennial Philosophy, #Aldous Huxley, #Philosophy
  THE word faith has a variety of meanings, which it is important to distinguish. In some contexts it is used as a synonym for trust, as when we say that we have faith in Dr. Xs diagnostic skill or in lawyer Ys integrity. Analogous to this is our faith in authority the belief that what certain persons say about certain subjects is likely, because of their special qualifications, to be true. On other occasions faith stands for belief in propositions which we have not had occasion to verify for ourselves, but which we know that we could verify if we had the inclination, the opportunity and the necessary capacities. In this sense of the word we have faith, even though we may never have been to Australia, that there is such a creature as a duck-billed platypus; we have faith in the atomic theory, even though we may never have performed the experiments on which that theory rests, and be incapable of understanding the Mathematics by which it is supported. And finally there is the faith, which is a belief in propositions which we know we cannot verify, even if we should desire to do sopropositions such as those of the Athanasian Creed or those which constitute the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. This kind of faith is defined by the Scholastics as an act of the intellect moved to assent by the will.
  Faith in the first three senses of the word plays a very important part, not only in the activities of everyday life, but even in those of pure and applied science. Credo ut intelligam and also, we should add, ut agaim and ut vivam. Faith is a pre-condition of all systematic knowing, all purposive doing and all decent living. Societies are held together, not primarily by the fear of the many for the coercive power of the few, but by a widespread faith in the other fellows decency. Such a faith tends to create its own object, while the widespread mutual mistrust, due, for example, to war or domestic dissension, creates the object of mistrust. Passing now from the moral to the intellectual sphere, we find faith lying at the root of all organized thinking. Science and technology could not exist unless we had faith in the reliability of the universeunless, in Clerk Maxwells words, we implicitly believed that the book of Nature is really a book and not a magazine, a coherent work of art and not a hodge-podge of mutually irrelevant snippets. To this general faith in the reasonableness and trustworthiness of the world the searcher after truth must add two kinds of special faithfaith in the authority of qualified experts, sufficient to permit him to take their word for statements which he personally has not verified; and faith in his own working hypotheses, sufficient to induce him to test his provisional beliefs by means of appropriate action. This action may confirm the belief which inspired it. Alternatively it may bring proof that the original working hypothesis was ill founded, in which case it will have to be modified until it becomes conformable to the facts and so passes from the realm of faith to that of knowledge.

1.18 - M. AT DAKSHINESWAR, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  To the devotees he said, "Always sing devotional songs" Continuing, he said: "To love God and live in the company of the devotees: that is all. What more is there?" He said, again: "When Krishna went to Mathura, Yaoda came to Radha, who was absorbed in meditation. Afterwards Radha said to Yaoda: 'I am the Primordial Energy. Ask a boon of Me.' 'What other boon shall I ask of You?' said Yaoda. Only bless me that I may serve God with my body, mind, and tongue; that I may behold His devotees with these eyes, that I may meditate on Him with this mind, and that I may chant His name and glories with this tongue.'
  "But those who are firmly established in God may do as well without the devotees. This is true of those who feel the presence of God both within and without. Sometimes they don't enjoy the devotees' company. You don't whitewash a wall inlaid with mother of pearl-the lime won't stick."

1.18 - Mind and Supermind, #The Life Divine, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
  6:Mind, first, the chained and hampered sovereign of our human living. Mind in its essence is a consciousness which measures, limits, cuts out forms of things from the indivisible whole and contains them as if each were a separate integer. Even with what exists only as obvious parts and fractions, Mind establishes this fiction of its ordinary commerce that they are things with which it can deal separately and not merely as aspects of a whole. For, even when it knows that they are not things in themselves, it is obliged to deal with them as if they were things in themselves; otherwise it could not subject them to its own characteristic activity. It is this essential characteristic of Mind which conditions the workings of all its operative powers, whether conception, perception, sensation or the dealings of creative thought. It conceives, perceives, senses things as if rigidly cut out from a background or a mass and employs them as fixed units of the material given to it for creation or possession. All its action and enjoyment deal thus with wholes that form part of a greater whole, and these subordinate wholes again are broken up into parts which are also treated as wholes for the particular purposes they serve. Mind may divide, multiply, add, subtract, but it cannot get beyond the limits of this Mathematics. If it goes beyond and tries to conceive a real whole, it loses itself in a foreign element; it falls from its own firm ground into the ocean of the intangible, into the abysms of the infinite where it can neither perceive, conceive, sense nor deal with its subject for creation and enjoyment. For if Mind appears sometimes to conceive, to perceive, to sense or to enjoy with possession the infinite, it is only in seeming and always in a figure of the infinite. What it does thus vaguely possess is simply a formless Vast and not the real spaceless infinite. The moment it tries to deal with that, to possess it, at once the inalienable tendency to delimitation comes in and the Mind finds itself again handling images, forms and words. Mind cannot possess the infinite, it can only suffer it or be possessed by it; it can only lie blissfully helpless under the luminous shadow of the Real cast down on it from planes of existence beyond its reach. The possession of the Infinite cannot come except by an ascent to those supramental planes, nor the knowledge of it except by an inert submission of Mind to the descending messages of the Truth-conscious Reality.
  7:This essential faculty and the essential limitation that accompanies it are the truth of Mind and fix its real nature and action, svabhava and svadharma; here is the mark of the divine fiat assigning it its office in the complete instrumentation of the supreme Maya, - the office determined by that which it is in its very birth from the eternal self-conception of the Self-existent. That office is to translate always infinity into the terms of the finite, to measure off, limit, depiece. Actually it does this in our consciousness to the exclusion of all true sense of the Infinite; therefore Mind is the nodus of the great Ignorance, because it is that which originally divides and distributes, and it has even been mistaken for the cause of the universe and for the whole of the divine Maya. But the divine Maya comprehends Vidya as well as Avidya, the Knowledge as well as the Ignorance. For it is obvious that since the finite is only an appearance of the Infinite, a result of its action, a play of its conception and cannot exist except by it, in it, with it as a background, itself form of that stuff and action of that force, there must be an original consciousness which contains and views both at the same time and is intimately conscious of all the relations of the one with the other. In that consciousness there is no ignorance, because the infinite is known and the finite is not separated from it as an independent reality; but still there is a subordinate process of delimitation, - otherwise no world could exist, - a process by which the ever dividing and reuniting consciousness of Mind, the ever divergent and convergent action of Life and the infinitely divided and self-aggregating substance of Matter come, all by one principle and original act, into phenomenal being. This subordinate process of the eternal Seer and Thinker, perfectly luminous, perfectly aware of Himself and all, knowing well what He does, conscious of the infinite in the finite which He is creating, may be called the divine Mind. And it is obvious that it must be a subordinate and not really a separate working of the Real-Idea, of the Supermind, and must operate through what we have described as the apprehending movement of the Truth-consciousness.

1.19 - ON THE PROBABLE EXISTENCE AHEAD OF US OF AN ULTRA-HUMAN, #The Future of Man, #Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, #Christianity
  it can to the confined surface of the earth: an inescapable, Mathe-
  matical compression, of necessity entailing a concerted effort by

1.19 - THE MASTER AND HIS INJURED ARM, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "I used to sleep in the same room with Mathur and his wife. They took care of me as if I were their own child. I was then passing through a state of divine madness. Mathur would ask me, 'Father, do you hear our conversation?' 'Yes', I would reply.
  "Once Mathur's wife became suspicious of his movements and said to him, 'If you go anywhere, he must accompany you.' One day Mathur went to a certain place and asked me to wait downstairs. He returned after half an hour and said to me: 'Come, father, let us go now. The carriage is waiting.' When Mathur's wife asked me about it, I reported the thing correctly. I said to her: 'We went to a certain house. He told me to stay downstairs and himself went upstairs. He came down after half an hour and we left the place.' Of course she understood the thing in her own way.
  "A partner of Mathur's estate used to take fruits and vegetables stealthily from the temple garden. When the other partners asked me about it, I told them the exact truth."
  Sunday, February 24, 1884
  --
  "This childlike impatience of mine is nothing new. I used to ask Mathur Babu to feel my pulse and tell me whether I was ill.
  "Well, where then is my faith in God? Once I was going to Kamarpukur in a bullock-cart, when several persons came up to the cart with clubs in their hands. They looked like highwaymen. I began to chant the names of the gods. Sometimes I repeated the names of Rma and Durga, and some times 'Om Tat Sat', so that in case one failed another would work.

1.201 - Socrates, #Symposium, #Plato, #Philosophy
   monoeides; literally, in single form. erotica. See glossary. Mathemata (plural) is used here rather than episteme. See glossary.
  49

12.02 - The Stress of the Spirit, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 04, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
   And yet, at bottom, it is not such an absolute determinism, this cosmos, however apparently it may prove itself to be so. It is found, actually, that behind and in and through this ineluctable fatalism there are aberrations, freaks that do not adhere to the common pattern. In the overall macrocosmic view the reign of the fixed law is perhaps absolute but in the microcosm of infinitesimals fissures appear, discrepancies show themselves. All strict calculations turn out in the end to be mere approximations, only they tend to become more and more approximate. It is like the asymptote or the race between the hare and the tortoise in the famous storya Mathematical puzzlewhere the hare starting behind can never catch up with the tortoise however fast he may run. With the discovery of new factors (sometimes only a new way of calculation) the gap is sought to be reduced, but the approximation remains. For example, the bending of a ray of light from a star passing by the solar sphere is a subject for interesting calculation: between the figure as given by the Einstein equation and the actual measurement there is a difference, although slight, yet a difference. Such differences are usually explained by some kind of intervention and if that intervention does not fully explain it, another intervention is brought in, and still the hiatus continues. This is just an example. The ultimate particles of matter, points of electric charge (or no-charge), points of tension are incalculables; their position or velocity is an indeterminate, not because of the infinitesimal size of the quantum, their very nature is so; they are erratic in their own essence. And one can justifiably ascribe a kind of free will to these ultimate, almost immaterial material particles, although when they are in bundles or groups they behave quite reasonably and are very obedient to the law, but singly each possesses or is capable of possessing a free independent movement. There is a basis here of the spirit of independence that shows itself more clearly in the biological units, and of course, very overtly and patently in the human mental consciousness.
   There seems to be an entity lying at the other end away from Matter, it is the Spirit, the individual Conscious Being. If Matter is Bondage, Law, Determinism, Spirit is Freedom, Liberty, Self-choice. That is the well-known dualityPurusha and Prakriti, that divide existence between themselves. Purusha is the conscient Being, and Prakriti the inconscient becoming. These dual realities are however not irrevocably distinct and separate incommensurables. They are not unbridgeable units foreign to each other. The conscient being infuses itself into the inconscient becoming and initiates a conscious movement in the unconscious field. Thus where there was the absolute determinism of matter, sparks from the free consciousness intervene and modify the settled balance. That is the inner sense of the aberrations that one observes in the play even of physical laws. It is just the beginning of the stress of consciousness in unconscious matter. That stress increases in the march of time, in the process of evolution; and the natural freedom of the subject impinges on the rigid law of the object making it more and more pliable and plastic, more and more malleable and even reversible. In man a balance is struck between freedom and bondage although apparently bondage overweighs freedom. In the higher evolved status of being man arrives and can arrive at yet greater degrees of freedom and in the end eliminate altogether the element of bondage and transmute it into the self-expressed rhythm of the higher consciousness. The supreme Divine Consciousness or Being is that where Nature's determinism is dissolved in the self-law of the All Spirit, the Divine Will becoming the law of the being.

1.21 - A DAY AT DAKSHINESWAR, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "Once I took Vaishnavcharan to Mathur Babu. Now, Vaishnavcharan was a very learned Vaishnava and an orthodox devotee of his sect. Mathur, on the other hand, was a devotee of the Divine Mother. They were engaged in a friendly discussion when suddenly Vaishnavcharan said, 'Kesava is the only Saviour.' No sooner did Mathur hear this than his face became red with anger and he blurted out, 'You rascal!' (All laugh.) He was a Shakta. Wasn't it natural for him to say that? I gave Vaishnavcharan a nudge.
  Harmony of religions

1.22 - ADVICE TO AN ACTOR, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "Once a Mrwri devotee wanted to give me some money. Mathur wanted to deed me some land. But I couldn't accept either.
  "The rules for the life of a sannyasi are very strict indeed. If a man takes the garb of a sannyasi, he must act exactly like one. Haven't you noticed in the theatre that the man who takes the part of the king acts like a king, and the man who takes the part of a minister acts like a minister?

1.23 - FESTIVAL AT SURENDRAS HOUSE, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  During many a moonlit night Krishna would dance with Radha and the gopis in the sacred groves of Vrindvan, and on such occasions the gopis would experience the highest religious ecstasy. At the age of eleven Krishna was called to be the king of Mathura. He left the gopis, promising them, however, His divine vision whenever they concentrated on Him in their hearts.
  For centuries and centuries the lovers of God in 1ndia have been worshipping the Divine by recreating in themselves the yearning of the gopis for Krishna. Many of the folk-songs of India have as their theme this sweet episode of Krishna's life. Sri Chaitanya revived this phase of Hindu religious life by his spiritual practice and his divine visions. In his ecstatic music Chaitanya assumed the role of Radha and manifested the longing to be united with Krishna. For a long period Sri Ramakrishna also worshipped God as his beloved Krishna, looking on himself as one of the gopis or as God's handmaid.
  --
  Krishna has gone to Mathura to assume His royal duties. He has discarded His cowherd's dress and flute and put on the royal regalia. Radha's friends, after a hurried consultation, send a gopi to Mathura as messenger. She meets a woman of that city, of her own age, who asks her where she comes from.
  Radha's friend says: "I don't have to call Krishna. He Himself will come to me." But none the less, she follows the woman of Mathura and goes to Krishna's palace. In the street she weeps overcome with grief, and prays to Krishna: "O Hari, where are You? O Life of the gopis! O Enchanter of our hearts! O Beloved of Radha! O Hari, Remover of Your devotees' shame! Come to us once more! With great pride I said to the people of Mathura that You Yourself would come to me. Please do not humiliate me."
  In scorn says the woman of Mathura:
  "Oh, you are only a simple milkmaid!
  --
  Come to me, Lord of Mathura!
  And save the life of Your sorrowing handmaid.

1.25 - ADVICE TO PUNDIT SHASHADHAR, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "Before His departure for Mathura, Krishna wanted to give the Knowledge of Brahman to the gopis. He said to them: 'I dwell both inside and outside all beings. Why should you see only one form of Mine?' The gopis cried in chorus: 'O Krishna, do You want to go away from us? Is that why You are instructing us in Brahmajnana?'
  "Do you know the attitude of the gopis? It is this: 'We are Radha's and Radha is ours.' "
  --
  "Once I spoke highly of Vaishnavcharan to Mathur and persuaded him to invite Vaishnavcharan to his house. Mathur welcomed him with great courtesy. He fed his guest from silver plates. Then do you know what happened? Vaishnav said in front of Mathur, 'You will achieve nothing whatsoever in spiritual life unless you accept Krishna as your Ideal.' Mathur was a follower of the Sakta cult and a worshipper of the Divine Mother. At once his face became crimson. I nudged Vaishnavcharan.
  "I understand that the Bhagavata also contains some statements like that. I hear that it is said there that trying to cross the ocean of the world without accepting Krishna as the Ideal Deity is like trying to cross a great sea by holding the tail of a dog. Each sect magnifies its own view.
  --
  "Michael visited the temple garden when Narayan Shastri was living with me. Dwarika Babu, Mathur's eldest son, brought him here. The owners of the temple garden were about to get into a lawsuit with the English proprietors of the neighbouring powder magazine; so they wanted Michael's advice. I met him in the big room next to the manager's office. Narayan Shastri was with me. I asked Narayan to talk to him. Michael couldn't talk very well in Sanskrit. He made mistakes. Then they talked in the popular dialect. Narayan Shastri asked him his reason for giving up the Hindu religion. Pointing to his stomach, Michael said, 'It was for this.' Narayan said, 'What shall I say to a man who gives up his religion for his belly's sake?' Thereupon Michael asked me to say something. I said: 'I don't know why, but I don't feel like saying anything. Someone seems to be pressing my tongue.' "
  MANOMOHAN: "Mr. Choudhury will not come. He said: 'That fellow Shashadhar from Faridpur will be there. I shall not go.' "

1.26 - FESTIVAL AT ADHARS HOUSE, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  Narendra sang one or two more songs. Then Vaishnavcharan sang, describing the grief of the gopis at the sight of Krishna as king of Mathura: O Hari, how shall we know You now?
  In Mathura's royal splendour You have forgotten us. . . .
  MASTER: "Won't you sing that one- 'O Vina, sing Lord Hari's name?"

1.27 - AT DAKSHINESWAR, #The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, #Sri Ramakrishna, #Hinduism
  "After the theft of the jewelry from the temple of Radhakanta, Mathur Babu said: 'O God, You could not protect Your own jewelry! What a shame!' Once he wanted to give me an estate and consulted Hriday about it. I overheard the whole thing from the Kli temple and said to him: 'Please don't harbour any such thought. It will injure me greatly.' "
  ADHAR: "I can tell you truthfully, sir, that not more than six or seven persons like you have been born since the creation of the world."
  --
  MASTER: "What did you say? Who has enjoyed the world as much as he? Once I visited him at his house with Mathur Babu. I saw that he had many young children. The family physician was there writing out prescriptions.
  If, after having eight children, a man doesn't think of God, then who will? If, after, enjoying so much wealth, Devendranath hadn't thought of God, then people would have cried shame upon him."

1.29 - What is Certainty?, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
  Not unaware am I that these conceptions are at first exceedingly difficult to formulate clearly. I wouldn't go so far as to say that one would have to be a Master of the Temple to understand them; but it is really very necessary to have grasped firmly the doctrine that "a thing is only true insofar as it contains its contradiction in itself." (A good way to realize this is by keeping up a merry dance of paradoxes, such as infest Logic and Mathematics. The repeated butting of the head against a brick wall is bound in the long run to shake up the little grey cells (as Poirot[57] might say), teach you to distrust any train of argument, however apparently impeccable the syllogisms, and to seek ever more eagerly the dawn of that Neschamic consciousness where all these things are clearly understood, although impossible to express in rational language.)
  The prime function of intellect is differentiation; it deals with marks, with limits, with the relations of what is not identical; in Neschamah all this work has been carried out so perfectly that the "rough working" has passed clean out of mind; just so, you say "I" as if it were an indivisible Unity, unconscious of the inconceivably intricate machinery of anatomical, physiological, psychological construction which issues in this idea of "I."

WORDNET



--- Overview of noun math

The noun math has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts)
                      
1. (1) mathematics, math, maths ::: (a science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement)


--- Synonyms/Hypernyms (Ordered by Estimated Frequency) of noun math

1 sense of math                            

Sense 1
mathematics, math, maths
   => science, scientific discipline
     => discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study, study, bailiwick
       => knowledge domain, knowledge base, domain
         => content, cognitive content, mental object
           => cognition, knowledge, noesis
             => psychological feature
               => abstraction, abstract entity
                 => entity


--- Hyponyms of noun math

1 sense of math                            

Sense 1
mathematics, math, maths
   => pure mathematics
   => applied mathematics, applied math


--- Synonyms/Hypernyms (Ordered by Estimated Frequency) of noun math

1 sense of math                            

Sense 1
mathematics, math, maths
   => science, scientific discipline




--- Coordinate Terms (sisters) of noun math

1 sense of math                            

Sense 1
mathematics, math, maths
  -> science, scientific discipline
   => natural history
   => natural science
   => mathematics, math, maths
   => agronomy, scientific agriculture
   => agrobiology
   => agrology
   => architectonics, tectonics
   => metallurgy
   => metrology
   => nutrition
   => psychology, psychological science
   => information science, informatics, information processing, IP
   => cognitive science
   => social science
   => strategics
   => systematics
   => thanatology
   => cryptanalysis, cryptanalytics, cryptography, cryptology
   => linguistics




--- Grep of noun math
aftermath
applied math
klamath
math
math teacher
mathematical function
mathematical group
mathematical logic
mathematical notation
mathematical operation
mathematical process
mathematical product
mathematical proof
mathematical relation
mathematical space
mathematical statement
mathematical statistician
mathematical symbol
mathematician
mathematics
mathematics department
mathematics teacher
mathew b. brady
mathias
maths
philomath
polymath
virginia katherine mcmath
virginia mcmath



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Wikipedia - Andras Prekopa -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Andras Sarkozy -- Hungarian mathematician
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Wikipedia - Andrea Bertozzi -- American mathematician
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Wikipedia - Andreas Seeger -- mathematician
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Wikipedia - Andrei Krylov (mathematician) -- Russian mathematician
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Wikipedia - Andre Neves -- Portuguese mathematician
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Wikipedia - An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mathematics -- 2012 book by Mark Colyvan
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Wikipedia - Annals of Mathematical Statistics
Wikipedia - Annals of Mathematics -- Journal
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Wikipedia - Art of Mathura
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Wikipedia - Biomathematics
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Wikipedia - Birthday problem -- Mathematical problem
Wikipedia - Bjorn Engquist -- Swedish mathematician
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Wikipedia - Blackwell-Tapia prize -- Award in mathematics
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Wikipedia - Caroline Series -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Carol Jane Anger Rieke -- American astronomer, computational chemist and mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Carol Karp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Carol Schumacher -- Bolivian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Carol S. Woodward -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Carol Wood -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Carolyn Kieran -- Canadian mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Carolyn Mahoney -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Carolyn S. Gordon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Carrie Diaz Eaton -- Latinx mathematician
Wikipedia - Carrie Mathison -- fictional character on the American television/drama thriller Homeland
Wikipedia - Carsten Thomassen -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Caryn Navy -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Casey Mann -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cassini and Catalan identities -- Mathematical identities for the Fibonacci numbers
Wikipedia - Cassius Ionescu-Tulcea -- Romanian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cassius Jackson Keyser -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cataldo Agostinelli -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Catastrophe theory -- Area of mathematics
Wikipedia - Categories for the Working Mathematician -- Book by Saunders Mac Lane
Wikipedia - Category:10th-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:11th-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:12th-century Indian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:12th-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:13th-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:15th-century Italian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:15th-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:16th-century English mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:16th-century German mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:17th-century English mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:17th-century German mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:18th-century German mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:19th-century American mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:19th-century English mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:19th-century German mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century American mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century British mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century Dutch mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century English mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century German mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century Hungarian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century Indian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century Japanese mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century Pakistani mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century Russian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:20th-century women mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century American mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century British mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century German mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century Indian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century Japanese mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century Pakistani mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century Russian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:21st-century women mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:7th-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:8th-century Indian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:8th-century mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:African-American mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:American mathematician stubs
Wikipedia - Category:American mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:American women mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Ancient Greek mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Applied mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Argentine mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Articles with math render errors
Wikipedia - Category:Austro-Hungarian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:British mathematician stubs
Wikipedia - Category:British mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:British women mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Canadian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Canadian women mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Chinese women mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences alumni
Wikipedia - Category:Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences faculty
Wikipedia - Category:Croatian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Date mathematics templates
Wikipedia - Category:Donegall Lecturers of Mathematics at Trinity College Dublin
Wikipedia - Category:Dutch mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:English mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Category:Fellows of the Association for Women in Mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Fellows of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
Wikipedia - Category:Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Fields of mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Fixed points (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Category:Flora of the Klamath Mountains
Wikipedia - Category:Historians of mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:History of mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Hungarian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:International Mathematical Olympiad participants
Wikipedia - Category:Iranian Azerbaijani mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Irish mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Israeli mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Lists of mathematicians by field
Wikipedia - Category:Lists of mathematicians by nationality
Wikipedia - Category:Lists of mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Lucasian Professors of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical analysts
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical and quantitative methods (economics)
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical artists
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical cognition researchers
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical economists
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical finance
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical formatting templates
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical logicians
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical logic
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical modeling
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical optimization software
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical optimization
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical physicists
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical physics
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical psychologists
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical psychology
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical science occupations
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical series
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical software
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematical tools
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians by field
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Alabama
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Budapest
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from California
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Illinois
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Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Jiangsu
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from London
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Louisiana
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Missouri
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Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Nishapur
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Philadelphia
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Washington, D.C.
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from West Virginia
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians from Wyoming
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians of medieval Islam
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics and art
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics and mysticism
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics books
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics education
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics educators
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics literature
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics of infinitesimals
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics popularizers
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics templates
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics
Wikipedia - Category (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Category:Mathematics writers
Wikipedia - Category:Mather High School alumni
Wikipedia - Category:Medieval English mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Medieval Persian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Nigerian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Norwegian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Pages that use a deprecated format of the math tags
Wikipedia - Category:People educated at Sir Joseph Williamson's Mathematical School
Wikipedia - Category:Philosophers of mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Philosophy of mathematics literature
Wikipedia - Category:Philosophy of mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Polish mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Presidents of the American Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Category:Presidents of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics
Wikipedia - Category:Presidents of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Mathematical Science
Wikipedia - Category:Recreational mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Recreational mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Russian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Scottish mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Serbian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Soviet mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Stanford University Department of Mathematics faculty
Wikipedia - Category theory -- Branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Ukrainian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Unsolved problems in mathematics
Wikipedia - Category:Washington University in St. Louis mathematicians
Wikipedia - Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from PlanetMath
Wikipedia - Category:Wolf Prize in Mathematics laureates
Wikipedia - Category:Women mathematicians
Wikipedia - Caterina Consani -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Catherine A. Roberts -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Catherine Bandle -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Catherine de Parthenay -- French noblewoman and mathematician
Wikipedia - Catherine Goldstein -- French mathematician and historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Catherine Greenhill -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Catherine Jami -- French historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Catherine Mathevon -- French canoeist
Wikipedia - Catherine Meusburger -- Austrian mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Catherine Sulem -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Catherine Yan -- mathematician
Wikipedia - Cathleen Synge Morawetz -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Cathy Kessel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cathy O'Neil -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Causal perturbation theory -- A mathematically rigorous approach to renormalization theory
Wikipedia - Cayley's M-NM-) process -- Mathematical process
Wikipedia - C. Brian Haselgrove -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Cecile DeWitt-Morette -- French mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Cecilia Krieger -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Cedric Villani -- French mathematician and politician
Wikipedia - Celia Grillo Borromeo -- Italian mathematician and scientist
Wikipedia - Celia Hoyles -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Cem Yildirim -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Center for Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science
Wikipedia - Centre for Mathematical Sciences (Cambridge)
Wikipedia - Chaim Goodman-Strauss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Chalakuzhy Paulose Mathen -- Indian politician
Wikipedia - Chamath Palihapitiya -- Sri Lankan-born Canadian-American billionaire businessman and CEO of Social Capital
Wikipedia - Championnat International de Jeux Mathematiques et Logiques -- International mathematics competition
Wikipedia - CHAMP (mathematics outreach program) -- Mathematics and STEM outreach program
Wikipedia - Chantal David -- French Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Chaos theory -- Field of mathematics
Wikipedia - Characterization (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Charalambos D. Aliprantis -- Greek-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Albert Noble -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Babbage -- English mathematician, philosopher, and engineer (1791-1871)
Wikipedia - Charles B. Morrey Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Brenner (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles C. Conley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Clayton Grove -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Cobb (economist) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Earl Rickart -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Epstein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles F. Dunkl -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Fefferman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Francis Richter -- Seismologist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Hellaby -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Hoskinson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Howard Hinton -- British mathematician and science fiction author
Wikipedia - Charles Lawrence (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles L. Bouton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Loewner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Mathias -- American politician from Maryland
Wikipedia - Charles Mathiesen -- Norwegian speed skater
Wikipedia - Charles Meray -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Napoleon Moore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Newton Little -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Proteus Steinmetz -- 19th and 20th-century mathematician and electrical engineer
Wikipedia - Charles Radin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles R. Doering -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Rezk -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Royal Johnson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Sanders Peirce -- American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist who founded pragmatism
Wikipedia - Charles Sheffield -- English-born mathematician, physicist and science fiction writer
Wikipedia - Charles Sims (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles S. Peskin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Weibel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charles Wells (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Charlotte Barnum -- Mathematician and social activist
Wikipedia - Charlotte Elvira Pengra -- American mathematician (1875-1916)
Wikipedia - Charlotte Froese Fischer -- Canadian-American applied mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Charlotte Watts -- British mathematician, epidemiologist, and academic
Wikipedia - Charlotte Wedell -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Chart (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Chaudry Mohammad Aslam -- Pakistani mathematician
Wikipedia - Chaulakharka -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Chaurikharka -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Chauvenet Prize -- Math award
Wikipedia - Chawne Kimber -- African-American mathematician and quilter
Wikipedia - Chebyshev's inequality -- Mathematical theorem
Wikipedia - Chelsea Walton -- African-American mathematician & academic
Wikipedia - Chemical reaction model -- Mathematical modeling of chemical processes
Wikipedia - Chen Chung Chang -- Chinese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cheng Qiuming -- Chinese mathematical geoscientist
Wikipedia - Chernobyl liquidators -- Civil and military force sent to deal with the aftermath of the Chernobyl disaster
Wikipedia - Cheryl Praeger -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Chess'n Math Association -- Canadian chess organization
Wikipedia - Chester Snow -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Chhapra-Mathura Superfast Express -- Train in India
Wikipedia - Chikako Mese -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Chinese mathematics
Wikipedia - Ching-Li Chai -- Taiwanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Chirality (mathematics) -- Property of an object that is not congruent to its mirror image
Wikipedia - Chitrapur Math -- Central community temple for the Chitrapur Saraswat Brahmin sect in Karnataka, India
Wikipedia - Chiu-Yen Kao -- Taiwanese-American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Chow test -- A mathematical test proposed by Gregory Chow
Wikipedia - Chrestomathy -- Collection of choice literary passages, used especially as an aid in learning a subject
Wikipedia - Chris Brink -- South African mathematician and academic administrator
Wikipedia - Chris Hall (cryptographer) -- American cryptographer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Chris Holmes (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Chris Matheson (politician) -- British Labour politician
Wikipedia - Chris Soteros -- Canadian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Chris Stevens (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Christel Rotthaus -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Christiaan Huygens -- 17th-century Dutch mathematician and natural philosopher
Wikipedia - Christian Beyel -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Christian BM-CM-$r -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Christian Doppler -- Austrian mathematician and physicist (1803-1853)
Wikipedia - Christiane Rousseau -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Christiane Tammer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Christiane Tretter -- German mathematician and mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Christian Goldbach -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Christian Juel -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Christian Kramp -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Christian Pommerenke -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Christina Birkenhake -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Christina Eubanks-Turner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Christina Goldschmidt -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Christina Pagel -- British German mathematician
Wikipedia - Christina Sormani -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Christine Bachoc -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Christine Bernardi -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Christine Darden -- American mathematician, aerospace engineer
Wikipedia - Christine De Mol -- Belgian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Christine Guenther -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Christine Hamill -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Christine Heitsch -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Christine O'Keefe -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Christine Proust -- French mathematician and historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Christine Riedtmann -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Christoffer Dybvad -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Christophe Breuil -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Christophe Gadbled -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Christopher Bronk Ramsey -- British physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Christopher Deninger -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Christopher D. Sogge -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Christopher J. Bishop -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Christoph Scriba -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Christos Papakyriakopoulos -- Greek mathematician
Wikipedia - Christy Mathewson Jr. -- American athlete and naval officer
Wikipedia - Chronology of ancient Greek mathematicians -- Wikimedia list article
Wikipedia - Chuan-Chih Hsiung -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Chudnovsky brothers -- American mathematicians
Wikipedia - Chung Tao Yang -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Chuu-Lian Terng -- Taiwanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cinematheque de Saint-Etienne -- French public film organization
Wikipedia - Cinematheque de Tanger -- Art house movie theater in Tangier, Morocco
Wikipedia - Cinquefoil knot -- Mathematical knot with crossing number 5
Wikipedia - Ciprian Foias -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ciprian Manolescu -- Romanian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Circle of a sphere -- Mathematical expression of circle like slices of sphere
Wikipedia - Cis (mathematics) -- alternate mathematical notation for cos x + i sin x
Wikipedia - Claiborne Latimer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Claire Mathieu -- French computer scientist
Wikipedia - Claire Voisin -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Clara Eliza Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clara Latimer Bacon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clarence Abiathar Waldo -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clarence F. Stephens -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clarence Lemuel Elisha Moore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clarence Raymond Adams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clare Parnell -- British astrophysicist and applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Claribel Kendall -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clark Kimberling -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Classical mathematics
Wikipedia - Class (set theory) -- Collection of sets in mathematics that can be defined based on a property of its members
Wikipedia - Claude Gaspar Bachet de Meziriac -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Claude-Louis Mathieu
Wikipedia - Claude Mydorge -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Claude Shannon -- American mathematician and information theorist (1916-2001)
Wikipedia - Claudia Kluppelberg -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Claudia Malvenuto -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Claudia Neuhauser -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Claudia Polini -- Italian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Claudia Sagastizabal -- Applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Claudia Valls -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Claudio Baiocchi -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Clausius-Mossotti relation -- A mathematical equation for the dielectric constant (relative permittivity, M-NM-5r) of a material in terms of the atomic polarizibility, M-NM-1, of the material's constituent atoms and/or molecules.
Wikipedia - Clay Mathematics Institute
Wikipedia - Clemency Montelle -- New Zealand historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Cleve Moler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clever Hans -- Early 20th-century horse claimed to have been able to do mathematics
Wikipedia - Clifford John Earle Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clifford S. Gardner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clifford Taubes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Clifford Truesdell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cliodynamics -- Mathematical modeling of historical processes
Wikipedia - Clive Humby -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Clive W. Kilmister -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Closure (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Clyde E. Love -- American mathematician and author
Wikipedia - Clyde Foster -- American mathematician (1931-2017)
Wikipedia - C mathematical functions -- C standard library header file providing mathematical functions
Wikipedia - Codimension -- Difference between the dimensions of mathematical object and a sub-object
Wikipedia - Coefficient -- Multiplicative factor in a mathematical expression
Wikipedia - Cognitive science of mathematics
Wikipedia - Colette Guillope -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Colette Moeglin -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Colin Adams (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Colin Mathieson -- Canadian Paralympic athlete
Wikipedia - Collatz conjecture -- Conjecture in mathematics that, starting with any positive integer n, if one halves it (if even) or triples it and adds one (if odd) and repeats this ad infinitum, then one eventually obtains 1
Wikipedia - Collette Coullard -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Color appearance model -- Any mathematical model describing human perception of colors
Wikipedia - Color model -- Mathematical model describing colors as tuples of numbers
Wikipedia - Combinatorics -- Branch of discrete mathematics
Wikipedia - Commensurability (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici
Wikipedia - Common logarithm -- Mathematical function
Wikipedia - Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - Compactification (mathematics) -- Embedding a topological space into a compact space as a dense subset
Wikipedia - Compartmental models in epidemiology -- Type of mathematical model used for infectious diseases
Wikipedia - Computability theory -- Branch of mathematical logic, computer science, and the theory of computation studying computable functions and Turing degrees
Wikipedia - Computable function -- Mathematical function that can be computed by a program
Wikipedia - Computational complexity of mathematical operations
Wikipedia - Computational mathematics
Wikipedia - Computational science -- Field that uses computers and mathematical models to analyze and solve scientific problems
Wikipedia - Computer algebra -- Scientific area at the interface between computer science and mathematics
Wikipedia - Computer (job description) -- Person performing mathematical calculations, before electronic computers became available
Wikipedia - Computer simulation -- Process of mathematical modelling, performed on a computer
Wikipedia - Concepts of Modern Mathematics -- Book by Ian Stewart
Wikipedia - Concha Gomez -- Italian and Cuban-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Concise Encyclopedia of Supersymmetry and Noncommutative Structures in Mathematics and Physics -- Mathematics and physics encyclopedia
Wikipedia - Concrete Mathematics
Wikipedia - Conformal bootstrap -- Mathematical method to constrain and solve conformal field theories
Wikipedia - Conjecture -- Proposition in mathematics that is unproven
Wikipedia - Connes embedding problem -- Mathematical problem in von Neumann algebra theory
Wikipedia - Conrad Dasypodius -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Conrad Habicht -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Consistency (mathematical logic)
Wikipedia - Constance Anne Herschel -- Scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Constance van Eeden -- Dutch mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Constantin Caratheodory -- Greek mathematician
Wikipedia - Constantine Samuel Rafinesque -- French polymath and naturalist (1783-1840)
Wikipedia - Constantin Le Paige -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Constant (mathematics) -- Function or value which does not change during a process
Wikipedia - Constraint (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Constructive mathematics
Wikipedia - Constructivism (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Constructivism (math)
Wikipedia - Constructivism (philosophy of mathematics)
Wikipedia - Continuous function -- Mathematical function with no sudden changes in value
Wikipedia - Contributions of Leonhard Euler to mathematics -- Overview about the contributions of Leonhard Euler to mathematics
Wikipedia - Control theory -- Branch of engineering and mathematics that deals with the behavior of dynamical systems with inputs, and how their behavior is modified by feedback
Wikipedia - Convex optimization -- Subfield of mathematical optimization
Wikipedia - Convolution -- Binary mathematical operation on functions
Wikipedia - Cool Math Games -- Online math games portal
Wikipedia - Cora Barbara Hennel -- Indiana mathematician
Wikipedia - Coralia Cartis -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Coralie Colmez -- Mathematics tutor and author
Wikipedia - Cora Sadosky -- Argentine mathematician
Wikipedia - Cornelia Drutu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Corona set -- Topology in mathematics
Wikipedia - Corrado Segre -- Italian mathematician (1863-1924)
Wikipedia - Coset -- Concept in mathematical group theory
Wikipedia - Cosmos Laundromat -- 2015 film directed by Mathieu Auvray
Wikipedia - Cotton Mather -- New England religious minister and scientific writer (1663-1728)
Wikipedia - Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences -- Division of New York University
Wikipedia - Craige Schensted -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Craig Huneke -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Craig L. Russell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Craig Mather -- British businessman
Wikipedia - Craig Tracy -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics -- Book by Eric W. Weisstein
Wikipedia - Crista Arangala -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cristian Dumitru Popescu -- Romanian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cristina Pereyra -- Venezuelan American mathematician
Wikipedia - Critical mathematics pedagogy -- Liberation-focused math education
Wikipedia - Critical point (mathematics)
Wikipedia - C. Robin Graham -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cross of Mathilde
Wikipedia - Cross product -- Mathematical operation on two vectors in three-dimensional space
Wikipedia - C. R. Rao -- Indian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Crux Mathematicorum
Wikipedia - Cryptomathic
Wikipedia - C. S. Seshadri -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - C. Stanley Ogilvy -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Curl (mathematics) -- Operator describing the rotation at a point in a 3D vector field
Wikipedia - Curry-Howard correspondence -- Isomorphism between computer programs and constructive mathematical proofs
Wikipedia - Curtis Cooper (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Curtis Greene -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Curtis L. Meinert -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Curtis T. McMullen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Curt Meyer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Curve (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Curve -- Mathematical idealization of the trace left by a moving point
Wikipedia - Cyclic group -- Mathematical group that can be generated as the set of powers of a single element
Wikipedia - Cyclic order -- Alternative mathematical ordering
Wikipedia - Cyclic permutation -- Type of (mathematical) permutation with no fixed element
Wikipedia - Cynthia A. Phillips -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cynthia Bathurst -- American activist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Cynthia Mathis Beath
Wikipedia - Cynthia Wyels -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cyrus Colton MacDuffee -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Cyrus Derman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Czeslaw Ryll-Nardzewski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Dafydd Llwyd Mathau
Wikipedia - Dagmar R. Henney -- German American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dag Normann -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Dale Husemoller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dan Archdeacon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dan Freed -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dan Grimaldi -- American actor and mathematics professor
Wikipedia - Dan Hausel -- American polymath
Wikipedia - Danica McKellar -- American actress, mathematics writer, and education advocate
Wikipedia - Daniela Calvetti -- Italian-American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniela De Silva -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Afedzi Akyeampong -- Ghanaian mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniela Kuhn -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Allcock -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Bernoulli -- Swiss mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Daniel Biss -- American mathematician and politician
Wikipedia - Daniel Bump -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Burrill Ray -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Friedrich Hecht -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Goldston -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Gorenstein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Huybrechts -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Kane (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Kleitman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel K. Nakano -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Kubert -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Ocone -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Quillen -- American mathematician known for higher algebraic K-theory,
Wikipedia - Daniel Rider -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Wise (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel W. Stroock -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daniel Zelinsky -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dan Mathews
Wikipedia - Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics
Wikipedia - Danuta Gierulanka -- Polish mathematician, psychologist, and philosopher
Wikipedia - Danut Marcu -- Romanian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Daoxing Xia -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Daphne L. Smith -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dario Graffi -- Italian mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Da Ruan -- Chinese-Belgian mathematician, scientist, and professor
Wikipedia - Dave Bayer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David A. Cox -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David A. Klarner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Alan Johnson -- Australian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Allen Hoffman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David B. Massey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Borwein -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - David Brewster -- British astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - David Buchsbaum -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Candler -- Zimbabwean cricketer and mathematician and clergyman
Wikipedia - David Catlin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Clark Dobson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Conlon -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - David Crenshaw Barrow Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Crighton -- British mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - David Drasin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Drysdale (mathematician)
Wikipedia - David E. Barrett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Edmunds -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - David Eisenbud -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David E. Muller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Eppstein -- American computer scientist and mathematician (born 1963)
Wikipedia - David E. Rowe -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Eugene Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Evans (mathematician and engineer) -- Australian mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - David Francis Barrow -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Gale -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Gieseker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Gilbarg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Goss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Gottlieb (mathematician) -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - David Gregory Ebin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Gregory (mathematician)
Wikipedia - David Harbater -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David H. Bailey (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Hilbert -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - David Hinkley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Jerison -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David J. Tweedie -- (1870-1926) Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - David Kent Harrison -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Khorol -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - David Kinderlehrer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Klein (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Mathers (curler) -- Canadian curler
Wikipedia - David Mathews
Wikipedia - David Mathison
Wikipedia - David Mathis -- American golfer
Wikipedia - David McMath -- Scottish sport shooter
Wikipedia - David M. Goldschmidt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Minda -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Mumford -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Nadler (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Pingree -- American mathematics historian (1933-2005)
Wikipedia - David P. Robbins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David P. Williamson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Raymond Curtiss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Richeson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David R. Morrison (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Ruelle -- Belgian-French mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - David Rytz -- Swiss mathematician and teacher
Wikipedia - David Schmeidler -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - David Schweickart -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Shale -- New Zealander-American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Shanno -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Shmoys -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Slepian -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Spence (mathematician)
Wikipedia - David Spivak -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Sumner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Tweedie (mathematician) -- (1865-1934) Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - David Vogan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David Webb (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David W. Henderson -- American mathematician (1923-2018)
Wikipedia - David Widder -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - David William Boyd -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - David Wright (arranger) -- American mathematician and singer
Wikipedia - Dawn Lott -- African-American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Dazzling Killmen -- American math rock band
Wikipedia - DCT (math)
Wikipedia - Deane Montgomery -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Deanna Haunsperger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Death of Gareth Williams -- Death of Welsh mathematician and employee of GCHQ in 2010
Wikipedia - Deborah Frank Lockhart -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Deborah Hughes Hallett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Deborah Loewenberg Ball -- American mathematician and educational researcher
Wikipedia - Deborah Tepper Haimo -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - De Bruijn index -- Mathematical notation in lambda calculus
Wikipedia - Dedekind domain -- Ring with unique factorization for ideals (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Deepak Mathur -- Indian physicist (born 1952)
Wikipedia - Definitions of mathematics -- Proposed definitions of mathematics
Wikipedia - Degeneracy (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Degree of a polynomial -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - DeMatha Catholic High School
Wikipedia - Demetrios Christodoulou -- Greek mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Denis Blackmore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Denis Henrion -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Dennis DeTurck -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dennis Gaitsgory -- Israeli American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dennis Hejhal -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dennis Johnson (composer) -- American mathematician and composer
Wikipedia - Dennis Sullivan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Densely defined operator -- Function that is defined almost everywhere (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Dependent and independent variables -- Concept in mathematical modeling, statistical modeling and experimental sciences
Wikipedia - Derrick Niederman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Derrick Norman Lehmer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Descent (mathematics) -- Mathematical concept that extends the intuitive idea of gluing in topology
Wikipedia - Descriptive set theory -- Subfield of mathematical logic
Wikipedia - Des MacHale -- Irish mathematician, academic
Wikipedia - Detlef Gromoll -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Deuri, Nepal -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Devdas (1935 film) -- 1935 Bengali film by Pramathesh Barua
Wikipedia - Devissage -- Mathematical technique in algebraic geometry
Wikipedia - Devon Mathis -- American politician from California
Wikipedia - Dharmathin Thalaivan -- 1988 film by SP. Muthuraman
Wikipedia - D. H. Lehmer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Diadochi -- Political rivals in the aftermath of Alexander the Great's death
Wikipedia - Diana Shelstad -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Diana Thomas -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Diane Henderson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Diane Maclagan -- Professor of mathematics
Wikipedia - Diane Mathis -- American immunologist
Wikipedia - Dianna Xu -- Mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Dianne P. O'Leary -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Didier Dubois (mathematician) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Diederich Hinrichsen -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Diederick Charles Mathew -- St. Maartener politician
Wikipedia - Dieter Jungnickel -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Dieter Kotschick -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Dieter Mathoi -- Austrian architect
Wikipedia - Dietrich Braess -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Differentiable function -- Mathematical function whose derivative exists
Wikipedia - Differential algebra -- Algebra with a formal derivation and relative area of mathematics
Wikipedia - Differential calculus -- Area of mathematics; subarea of calculus
Wikipedia - Differential equation -- Mathematical equation involving derivatives of an unknown function
Wikipedia - Differential geometry -- Branch of mathematics dealing with functions and geometric structures on differentiable manifolds
Wikipedia - Differential graded module -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Differential (mathematics) -- mathematical notion of infinitesimal difference
Wikipedia - Differentiation (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Differentiation of trigonometric functions -- Mathematical process of finding the derivative of a trigonometric function
Wikipedia - Digital Library of Mathematical Functions
Wikipedia - Digital signal processing -- Mathematical signal manipulation by computers
Wikipedia - Dihua Jiang -- Mathematician at the University of Minnesota
Wikipedia - Diman, Nepal -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Dimension (mathematics and physics)
Wikipedia - Dimension of an algebraic variety -- Measure of a mathematical object studied in the field of algebraic geometry
Wikipedia - Dimension -- Maximum number of independent directions within a mathematical space
Wikipedia - Dimitrie Pompeiu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Dimitri Leemans -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ding Xieping -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Dinh Tien-Cuong -- Vietnamese-French mathematician
Wikipedia - Diocles (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Diogo Kopke -- Portuguese mathematician and publisher
Wikipedia - Diophantus -- Alexandrian Greek mathematician
Wikipedia - Dirk van Dalen -- Dutch mathematician and historian of science
Wikipedia - Discontinuous group -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science
Wikipedia - Discrete Mathematics (journal)
Wikipedia - Discrete mathematics -- Study of discrete mathematical structures
Wikipedia - Discrete optimization -- branch of mathematical optimization
Wikipedia - Discrete transform -- mathematical transform on discrete signals
Wikipedia - Disk (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Disney's Math Quest with Aladdin -- 1997 video game
Wikipedia - Distribution (mathematics) -- Mathematical analysis term similar to generalized function
Wikipedia - Diversity factor -- Mathmetical operator in calculus
Wikipedia - Division (mathematics) -- Arithmetic operation
Wikipedia - Division sign -- Mathematical symbol for division: M-CM-7
Wikipedia - Divsha Amira -- Israeli mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Diwan (poetry) -- Collection of poems of one author, usually excluding his or her long poems (mathnawM-DM-+)
Wikipedia - DJ Patil -- American mathematician and computer scientist (born 1974)
Wikipedia - Dmitrii Menshov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Dmitry Chelkak -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Dmitry Gudkov (mathematician) -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Dmitry Kramkov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - D. M. Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dolores Richard Spikes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Domain of a function -- mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Domina Eberle Spencer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dominique de Caen -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Dominique Picard -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald A. Martin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald Aronson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald Burkholder -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald C. Spencer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald Dorfman -- mathematical psychologist and radiologist
Wikipedia - Donald G. Higman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald G. Saari -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald in Mathmagic Land -- 1959 Donald Duck cartoon
Wikipedia - Donald J. Newman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald John Lewis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald Knuth -- American computer scientist, mathematician, and professor emeritus at Stanford University
Wikipedia - Donald Samuel Ornstein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donald W. Loveland -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dona Strauss -- South African mathematician
Wikipedia - Donatella Danielli -- Professor of mathematics
Wikipedia - Don Blasius -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Don Coppersmith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Donkey Kong Jr. Math -- 1983 edutainment video game by Nintendo
Wikipedia - Donna Testerman -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Don Zagier -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dora Musielak -- Mathematician & physicist
Wikipedia - Dorina Mitrea -- Romanian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Doris Cohen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Doris Fischer-Colbrie -- US ceramic artist and former mathematician
Wikipedia - Doris Schattschneider -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Doris Stockton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorit S. Hochbaum -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothee Haroske -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothee Normand-Cyrot -- French applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothy Brady -- American mathematician and economist
Wikipedia - Dorothy Lewis Bernstein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothy Maharam -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothy Maud Wrinch -- Mathematician and biochemical theorist
Wikipedia - Dorothy McCoy -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothy McFadden Hoover -- American physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothy Vaughan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothy Walcott Weeks -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorothy Wallace -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dorte Olesen -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Doubtnut -- Interactive online tutoring platform which uses image recognition technologies, to provide solutions of some mathematical questions.
Wikipedia - Douglas Hartree -- British mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Douglas N. Arnold -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Douglas Quadling -- Mathematician and school master
Wikipedia - Douglas Ravenel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Douglas West (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Doug Lind -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dov Tamari -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Dowker-Thistlethwaite notation -- Mathematical notation for describing the structure of knots
Wikipedia - Draft:Babitha Mathew -- Indian Film Director
Wikipedia - Draft:Damir Filipovic -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Draft:Leonid Manevitch -- Russian physicist, mechanical engineer, and mathematician
Wikipedia - Draft:Luz Antonia Mendizabal Galvez de Rodriguez -- Peruvian, math educator, and leader
Wikipedia - Draft:Mathilda Mariam Gvarliani -- Georgian female model
Wikipedia - Draft:Olivia Caramello -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Draft:Oscar Garcia Prada -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Draft:Oscar Garcia-Prada -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Draft:Semjon Adlaj -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Draft:The Aftermath (Wage War song) -- Song by Wage War
Wikipedia - Dragoslav Mitrinovic -- Serbian mathematician
Wikipedia - Dr. Dre Presents the Aftermath -- 1996 compilation album by Dr. Dre
Wikipedia - Dream Pool Essays -- Book written by the Han Chinese polymath, genius, scientist and statesman Shen Kuo
Wikipedia - D. R. Fulkerson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dromatheriidae -- Family of prozostrodontian cynodonts
Wikipedia - D. S. Malik -- Indian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dudley Weldon Woodard -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Duke Mathematical Journal
Wikipedia - DuM-EM-!an RepovM-EM-! -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Duncan Gregory -- 19th-century Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Dunham Jackson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dusa McDuff -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Dwarkadheesh temple Mathura -- Hindu Temple in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
Wikipedia - Dwight Duffus -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Dynamical system -- Mathematical model which describes the time dependence of a point in a geometrical space
Wikipedia - Dynamic energy budget theory -- Ecological mathematical model of metabolism
Wikipedia - Dysmathosoma -- Genus of beetles
Wikipedia - E6 (mathematics) -- 78-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
Wikipedia - E7 (mathematics)
Wikipedia - E8 (mathematics) -- 248-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
Wikipedia - Earl D. Rainville -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Earle Raymond Hedrick -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Earnshaw Cook -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eberhard Freitag -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Eberhard Hopf -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Eckart Viehweg -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Eckhard Meinrenken -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ecosystem model -- A typically mathematical representation of an ecological system
Wikipedia - Edgar Frisby -- British-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edgar Gilbert -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edgar H. Brown -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edgar Lorch -- Swiss American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edgar Odell Lovett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edith Hirsch Luchins -- Polish-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edith Stern -- American inventor and mathematician
Wikipedia - Edmond Halley -- English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist
Wikipedia - Edmund Byam Mathew-Lannowe -- British general
Wikipedia - Edmund F. Robertson -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Edmund Gunter -- English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer
Wikipedia - Edmund Hess -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Edmund Hlawka -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Edmund Landau -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Edmund Wingate -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Edna Grossman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edna Kramer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edoardo Vesentini -- Italian mathematician and politician
Wikipedia - Edouard MathM-CM-) -- French actor
Wikipedia - Ed Pegg Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edray Herber Goins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ed Scheinerman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eduard Cech -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - Eduard Feireisl -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - Eduardo D. Sontag -- Argentine American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eduardo Espinoza -- Peruvian politician and Mathematician
Wikipedia - Eduardo Saenz de Cabezon -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Eduard Stiefel -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Eduard Zehnder -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Baylis -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward B. Curtis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Belbruno -- German astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward B. Saff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Burger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Burr Van Vleck -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Charles Titchmarsh -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Collingwood -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward G. Begle -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward J. McShane -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Kasner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Kofler -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Marczewski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Nelson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Norton Lorenz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Odell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward O. Thorp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward Vermilye Huntington -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edward W. Formanek -- American mathematician and chess player
Wikipedia - Edward Wright (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Edwin A. Maxwell -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Edwin Bidwell Wilson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edwin E. Floyd -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edwin E. Moise -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edwin Hewitt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edwin Plimpton Adams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Edwin Spanier -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Effects of Hurricane Isabel in Delaware -- aftermath of storm
Wikipedia - Efstratia Kalfagianni -- Greek American mathematician
Wikipedia - Egon Schulte -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Egon ZakrajM-EM-!ek -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Egyptian mathematics
Wikipedia - E. H. Moore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eileen Poiani -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Einar Hille -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Einstein Institute of Mathematics -- Israeli scientific research center
Wikipedia - Eitan Tadmor -- Israeli American mathematician
Wikipedia - E. J. G. Pitman -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Elaine Cohen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elaine Koppelman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elayne Arrington -- American mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Elbert Frank Cox -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elchanan Mossel -- Israeli American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eldon Hansen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eleanor C. Pressly -- American mathematician and aeronautical engineer
Wikipedia - Eleanor Mollie Horadam -- English-Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Eleanor Pairman -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Eleanor Rieffel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eleanor Singer -- Austrian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Electron hole -- Conceptual and mathematical opposite of an electron
Wikipedia - Elementary function -- Mathematical function
Wikipedia - Elementary theory -- Mathematical logic
Wikipedia - Element (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Elena Braverman -- Russian, Israeli, and Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Elena Celledoni -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Elena Marchisotto -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elena Moldovan Popoviciu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Elena Wexler-Kreindler -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Eleny Ionel -- Romanian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elgy Johnson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elham Kazemi -- Mathematics educator and educational psychologist
Wikipedia - Elias M. Stein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elisabeth Bouscaren -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Elisabeth Larsson (scientific computing) -- Swedish applied mathematician and numerical analyst
Wikipedia - Elisabeth Lutz -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Elisabeth M. Werner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elisenda Grigsby -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elizabeth B. Dussan V. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elizabeth Bradley (mathematician and rower)
Wikipedia - Elizabeth Buchanan Cowley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elizabeth Louisa Foster Mather -- 19th-century American writer
Wikipedia - Elizabeth Mansfield (mathematician) -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Elizabeth Mathis -- American actor and television actor
Wikipedia - Elizabeth McHarg -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Elizabeth Meckes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elizabeth S. Allman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elizabeth Scott (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Elizabeth Wilmer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elizaveta Levina -- Russian and American mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Ellen Baake -- German mathematical biologist
Wikipedia - Ellen Gethner -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Ellen Hayes -- American mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Ellen Kirkman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ellice Horsburgh -- Scottish engineer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Ellina Grigorieva -- Russian mathematician and mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Elliott H. Lieb -- American mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Elliott Ward Cheney Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elliott Waters Montroll -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elliptic curve point multiplication -- Mathematical operation on points on an elliptic curve
Wikipedia - Elliptic function -- Class of periodic mathematical functions
Wikipedia - Ellis Stouffer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Elumathur -- Township in Tamil Nadu
Wikipedia - Elwin Bruno Christoffel -- German mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Elwyn Berlekamp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emanuel Bjorling -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Emanuels GrM-DM-+nbergs -- Latvian mathematician
Wikipedia - E. Mark Gold -- American physicist, mathematician, and computer scientist
Wikipedia - E (mathematical constant) -- e M-bM-^IM-^H 2.71828..., base of the natural logarithm
Wikipedia - Ematheudes punctella -- Species of moth
Wikipedia - Emil Artin -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Emile Lemoine -- French mathematician and civil engineer (1840-1912)
Wikipedia - Emil Grosswald -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Emil Horozov -- Bulgarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Emilie du ChM-CM-"telet -- French mathematician, physicist, and author
Wikipedia - Emilie Martin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emilie Virginia Haynsworth -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emil J. Straube -- Swiss and American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emily Kathryn Wyant -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emily Riehl -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emily Willbanks -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emma Lehmer -- American mathematician (1906-2007)
Wikipedia - Emma McCoy -- British mathematician & academic
Wikipedia - Emmanuel Breuillard -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Emmanuel Grenier -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Emma Previato -- Italian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emmett Keeler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emmy Murphy -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Emmy Noether -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Empty product -- mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Empty set -- Mathematical set containing no elements
Wikipedia - Encyclopedia of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Endre Boros -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Enea Bortolotti -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ene-Margit Tiit -- Estonian mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Engineering mathematics
Wikipedia - Enrico Arbarello -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Enrico Bompiani -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Enrico D'Ovidio -- Mathematician and politician from Italy
Wikipedia - Enriqueta Gonzalez Baz -- Mexican mathematician
Wikipedia - Envelope (mathematics) -- Family of curves in geometry
Wikipedia - Enzo Martinelli -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Epistemology of finance -- study of mathematical models in finance
Wikipedia - Epsilon numbers (mathematics) -- Type of transfinite numbers
Wikipedia - Equaliser (mathematics) -- Set of arguments where two or more functions have the same value
Wikipedia - Equality (mathematics) -- Relationship asserting that two quantities are the same
Wikipedia - Equations for a falling body -- Mathematical description of a body in free fall
Wikipedia - Equation -- Equality of two mathematical expressions
Wikipedia - Eratosthenes -- Greek mathematician, geographer, poet
Wikipedia - Ergodic sequence -- Interger sequence in mathematics
Wikipedia - Erhard Heinz -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Erica Flapan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Erica Jen -- American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Erica Klarreich -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Anders Carlen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Erica N. Walker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Friedlander -- Puerto Rican mathematician
Wikipedia - Erich Hecke -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Jakeman -- British mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Eric-Jan Wagenmakers -- Dutch mathematical psychologist
Wikipedia - Eric Katz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Lander -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric M. Rains -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Priest -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Reissner -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Schechter -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Temple Bell -- Scottish-born mathematician and science fiction writer
Wikipedia - Eric van Douwen -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric W. Weisstein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eric Zaslow -- American mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Erik Albert Holmgren -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Erik Alfsen -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Erika Pannwitz -- German mathematician and topologist
Wikipedia - Erika Tatiana Camacho -- Mexican mathematician
Wikipedia - Erik Ivar Fredholm -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Erin Mathews -- Voice actress
Wikipedia - Erland Samuel Bring -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Erling Folner -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Erling Stormer -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ermelinda DeLaViM-CM-1a -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Erna Schneider Hoover -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernest Barnes -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernest Esclangon -- French astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernest Julius Wilczynski -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernest Mathews -- English cricketer and barrister
Wikipedia - Ernest Mathijs -- Canadian professor and author
Wikipedia - Ernest Michael -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernest Preston Lane -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernest S. Croot III -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernests Fogels -- Latvian mathematician who specialized in number theory
Wikipedia - Ernest Vinberg -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst August WeiM-CM-^_ -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst Eduard Wiltheiss -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst Fiedler -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst G. Straus -- American-German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst Kummer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst Ruh -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst Specker -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst Steinitz -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ernst Stueckelberg -- Swiss mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Errett Bishop -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Error analysis (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Erwin Engeler -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Eryngium mathiasiae -- Species of flowering plant in the celery family Apiaceae
Wikipedia - Esteban Terradas i Illa -- Spanish mathematician, scientist and engineer
Wikipedia - Estelle Basor -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Esther Arkin -- Israeli-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Esther Seiden -- Mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Esther Szekeres -- Hungarian-Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ethel M. Elderton -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Ethel Raybould -- Mathematician from Australia
Wikipedia - Ethics in mathematics -- An emerging field of applied ethics
Wikipedia - Ethnomathematics
Wikipedia - Etienne Fouvry -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Etienne Ghys -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Etienne Halphen -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Etienne Pascal -- French tax officer and mathematician
Wikipedia - E. T. Parker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Etta Zuber Falconer -- African American mathematician
Wikipedia - E. T. Whittaker -- British mathematician who contributed widely to applied mathematics, mathematical physics, the theory of special functions, and the history of physics
Wikipedia - Euclidean distance -- Conventional distance in mathematics and physics
Wikipedia - Euclidean geometry -- Mathematical system attributed to Euclid
Wikipedia - Euclid's Elements -- Mathematical treatise by Euclid
Wikipedia - Eugene Ehrhart -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Eugene Isaacson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eugene M. Luks -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Eugene Rouche -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Eugene Salamin (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eugene Trubowitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eugene Wigner -- Hungarian-American mathematician and Nobel Prize-winning physicist
Wikipedia - Eugenia Cheng -- English mathematician and pianist
Wikipedia - Eugenia Malinnikova -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Eugenie Hunsicker -- American mathematician and researcher
Wikipedia - Eugenio Calabi -- Italian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Euler operator -- One of several mathematical concepts
Wikipedia - Eumathes -- Genus of beetles
Wikipedia - Eu Nao Faco a Menor Ideia do que eu To Fazendo Com a Minha Vida -- 2012 film directed by Matheus Souza
Wikipedia - Euphemia Haynes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - European Mathematical Psychology Group
Wikipedia - European Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - European Society for Mathematics and the Arts
Wikipedia - Eva Kallin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eva-Maria Feichtner -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Eva-Maria Graefe -- German mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Eva Miranda -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Evariste Galois -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Eva Tardos -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Eva Vedel Jensen -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Eva Viehmann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Evelyn Boyd Granville -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Evelyn Buckwar -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Evelyn Nelson (mathematician) -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Evelyn Silvia -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Eve Oja -- Estonian mathematician
Wikipedia - Everett C. Dade -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Evgeny Golod -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Evolutionary dynamics -- The study of the mathematical principles according to which biological organisms and cultural ideas evolve
Wikipedia - Evolutionary invasion analysis -- Mathematical modeling techniques that use differential equations to study the long-term evolution of traits in asexually reproducing populations
Wikipedia - Ewa Damek -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Ewa Kubicka -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Experimental mathematics
Wikipedia - Exponential field -- Mathematical field equipped with an operation satisfying the functional equation of the exponential
Wikipedia - Exponentially equivalent measures -- equivalence relation on mathematical measures
Wikipedia - Exponentiation -- Mathematical operation
Wikipedia - Expression (mathematics) -- Formula that represents a mathematical object
Wikipedia - Extension (predicate logic) -- Set of tuples in mathematical logic that satisfy a predicate
Wikipedia - Extractor (mathematics) -- bipartite graph with nodes
Wikipedia - Extreme point -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Ezra Getzler -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - F4 (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Fabrice Bethuel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Factorization -- (Mathematical) decomposition into a product
Wikipedia - Faculty of Mathematics, University of Cambridge
Wikipedia - Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University -- Medical school in Thailand
Wikipedia - Faina Mihajlovna Kirillova -- Soviet mathematician
Wikipedia - Falconer's formula -- Mathematical formula used to calculate heritability in twin studies
Wikipedia - Fan Chung -- Taiwanese-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fang Fuquan -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Fanghua Lin -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fanny Kassel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Fantasia Mathematica -- Book by Clifton Fadiman
Wikipedia - Farideh Firoozbakht -- Iranian mathematician
Wikipedia - FASTT Math -- Video game
Wikipedia - Fathimath Azifa -- Maldivian film actress
Wikipedia - Fathimath Fareela -- Maldivian film actress
Wikipedia - Fathimath Zoona -- Maldivian female singer
Wikipedia - Fatma Moalla -- Tunisian mathematician
Wikipedia - F. Burton Jones -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - FC-group -- group in group theory mathematics
Wikipedia - F. David Mathews -- American academic
Wikipedia - Federico Ardila -- Colombian mathematician
Wikipedia - Federigo Enriques -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Fedor Bogomolov -- Russian and American mathematician
Wikipedia - Felice Casorati (mathematician) -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Feliks Baranski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Felipe Cucker -- Uruguayan mathematician
Wikipedia - Felix Arscott -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Felix Behrend -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Felix Berezin -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Felix Bernstein (mathematician) -- German Jewish mathematician
Wikipedia - Felix Finster -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Felix Hausdorff -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Felix Mathe -- French politician
Wikipedia - Felix Otto (mathematician) -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Fellow of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
Wikipedia - Feodor Deahna -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Feodor Theilheimer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ferdinand Georg Frobenius -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ferdinand Gonseth -- Swiss mathematician and philosopher
Wikipedia - Ferdinand Joachimsthal -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ferguson unrest -- Aftermath of the shooting of Michael Brown on August 9, 2014 in Ferguson, Missouri
Wikipedia - Fernanda Botelho (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fernando Q. GouvM-CM-*a -- Brazilian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fern Hunt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Feu Mathias Pascal -- 1925 film
Wikipedia - Feza Gursey -- Turkish mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Fiber (mathematics) -- The set of all points in a function's domain that all map to some single given point.
Wikipedia - Fielden Chair of Pure Mathematics
Wikipedia - Field (mathematics) -- Algebraic structure with addition, multiplication and division
Wikipedia - Fields Medal -- Prize for mathematicians
Wikipedia - Field theory (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Figure-eight knot (mathematics) -- Unique knot with a crossing number of four
Wikipedia - Filippo Antonio Revelli -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Filter (mathematics) -- In mathematics, a special subset of a partially ordered set
Wikipedia - Filtration (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Finite group -- Mathematical group based upon a finite number of elements
Wikipedia - Finite mathematics
Wikipedia - Finiteness properties of groups -- Mathematical property
Wikipedia - Finite-state machine -- Mathematical model of computation
Wikipedia - Finitism -- Philosophy of mathematics that accepts the existence only of finite mathematical objects
Wikipedia - Fioralba Cakoni -- Albanian mathematician
Wikipedia - First-order logic -- Collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science
Wikipedia - Fischer's inequality -- mathematical bound
Wikipedia - Fitting length -- Measurement in group theory algebra mathematics
Wikipedia - Fixed point (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Fizz buzz -- Group word game to teach mathematical division
Wikipedia - Flemming Topsoe -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Floor and ceiling functions -- Mathematical functions taking a real input and rounding it down or up, respectively
Wikipedia - Flora Sadler -- Scottish mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Florence Eliza Allen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Florence Lewis -- Mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Florence Marie Mears -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Florence Yeldham -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Florent Bureau -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Florian Cajori -- Swiss-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Florian Luca -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Floyd Williams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - F. Michael Christ -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Font hinting -- Use of mathematical instructions to adjust the display of a font so it lines up with a rasterized grid
Wikipedia - Forcing (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Forder Lectureship -- Award conferred by the London Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Formal ball -- Mathematical ball with unbounded or negative radius
Wikipedia - Formalism in the philosophy of mathematics
Wikipedia - Formalism (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Formalism (philosophy of mathematics)
Wikipedia - Formalized mathematics
Wikipedia - Formal moduli -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Formal system -- Any well-defined system of abstract thought based on the model of mathematics
Wikipedia - Formula (mathematical logic)
Wikipedia - Formulario mathematico -- Book by Giuseppe Peano
Wikipedia - Fortunato Riccardo -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Foundation of mathematics
Wikipedia - Foundations of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Foundations of mathematics
Wikipedia - Four color theorem -- Statement in mathematics
Wikipedia - Fourier analysis -- Branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - Fourier transform -- Mathematical transform that expresses a function of time as a function of frequency
Wikipedia - Fractal curve -- Mathematical curve whose shape is a fractal, pathological irregularity, regardless of magnification. Each non-zero arc has infinite length
Wikipedia - Fractal -- Self similar mathematical structures
Wikipedia - Fractional calculus -- branch of mathematical analysis with fractional applications of derivatives and integrals
Wikipedia - Fraction (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Fraction -- Mathematical representation of a portion of a whole
Wikipedia - France KriM-EM->aniM-DM-^M -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Francesco Guerra -- Italian mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Francesco Maria De Regi -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Frances Cope -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frances Hardcastle -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Frances Harshbarger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frances Kirwan -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Frances Kuo -- Taiwanese-born New Zealand mathematician
Wikipedia - Frances Yao -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Francis Alexander Tarleton -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Francis Allotey -- Ghanaian physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Francis B. Hildebrand -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Francis Buekenhout -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Francis Dominic Murnaghan (mathematician) -- Irish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Francis Galton -- English polymath: geographer, statistician, pioneer in eugenics (1822-1911)
Wikipedia - Francis Joseph Murray -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Francis Robbins Upton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Francis Scheid -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Franciszek Leja -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Franck Barthe -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Franco Brezzi -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Francois ChM-CM-"telet (mathematician) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Francois Francais -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Francois Golse -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Francois Labourie -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Francois Lalonde -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Francois Loeser -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Francois Mathet -- French flat race horse trainer (1908-1983)
Wikipedia - Francois-Mathurin Gourves -- French priest
Wikipedia - Francois Mathy -- Belgian equestrian
Wikipedia - Francois Nicole -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Francois Viete -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Deutsch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Farris -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Forelli -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Grosshans -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Harary -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Hoppensteadt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Jewett Mather -- American art critic and educator
Wikipedia - Frank Kelly (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Frank Lauren Hitchcock -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Franklin P. Peterson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Matthews Leslie -- Scottish mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Frank Morgan (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Morley -- English-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Natterer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Nelson Cole -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Quinn (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank Ramsey (mathematician) -- British mathematician, philosopher
Wikipedia - Frank Spitzer -- Austrian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frank W. Bubb Sr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Franz Alt (mathematician) -- Austrian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Franz Breisig -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Fraunhofer diffraction equation -- Mathematical explanation of far field diffraction
Wikipedia - Frederic Fitch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frederic Helein -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Frederick Gehring -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frederick J. Almgren Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frederick Mathesius -- American architect
Wikipedia - Frederick Purser -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Frederick Valentine Atkinson -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Frederique Lenger -- Belgian mathematician (1921-2005)
Wikipedia - Frederique Oggier -- Swiss and Singaporean mathematician and coding theorist
Wikipedia - Fred Galvin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fred S. Roberts -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fred van der Blij -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Freeman Dyson -- British theoretical physicist and mathematician (1923-2020)
Wikipedia - Free module -- In mathematics, a module that has a basis
Wikipedia - Freya Mathews
Wikipedia - Freydoon Shahidi -- Iranian mathematician
Wikipedia - Fridrikh Karpelevich -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Frieda Nugel -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Frieda Zames -- American mathematician and disability rights activist
Wikipedia - Friederich Ignaz Mautner -- Austrian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Frieder Nake -- German mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Friedhelm Eicker -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Friedrich Bessel -- German astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Friedrich Dingeldey -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Friedrich Engel (mathematician) -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Friedrich Hirzebruch -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Frits Beukers -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Fritz Carlson -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Fritz Herzog -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fritz John -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fritz Peter -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - F. Thomas Farrell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Fujita Sadasuke -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Functional analysis -- Branch of mathematical analysis
Wikipedia - Functional (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Function composition -- Operation on mathematical functions
Wikipedia - Function (mathematics) -- Mapping that associates a single output value to each input
Wikipedia - Function of a real variable -- Mathematical function
Wikipedia - Fundamental group -- Mathematical group of the homotopy classes of loops in a topological space
Wikipedia - Fundamenta Mathematicae
Wikipedia - Further Mathematics -- Certain type of mathematics from secondary school onwards
Wikipedia - Fuzzy mathematics
Wikipedia - G2 (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Gabor Domokos -- Hungarian mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Gabriel Bernardino -- Portuguese mathematician
Wikipedia - Gabriel Cramer -- Genevan mathematician
Wikipedia - Gabriele Kaiser -- German mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Gabriele Nebe -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gabriele Vezzosi -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gabriella Tarantello -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gabriel Oltramare -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Gabriel Sudan -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gabrio Piola -- Italian mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Gail Carpenter -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gail F. Burrill -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gail Letzter -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Gail S. Nelson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Galileo Galilei -- Italian polymath
Wikipedia - Galina Tyurina -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Galois group -- Mathematical group
Wikipedia - Galois theory -- Mathematical connection between field theory and group theory
Wikipedia - Game theory -- The study of mathematical models of strategic interaction between rational decision-makers
Wikipedia - Garrett Birkhoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gary Antonick -- American journalist and recreational mathematician
Wikipedia - Gary Chartrand -- American-born mathematician
Wikipedia - Gary L. Miller (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Gary Seitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gaspard de Prony -- French mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis -- French mathematician, mechanical engineer, and scientist
Wikipedia - Gaspare Mainardi -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gaspare Mignosi -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gaston Floquet -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Gaston Tarry -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Gaudiya Math
Wikipedia - Gauge theory (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Gauss notation -- Notation for mathematical knots
Wikipedia - Gavin Brown (academic) -- Scottish-Australian mathematician and university administrator
Wikipedia - G. B. Halsted -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - G. B. Mathews
Wikipedia - Ge Jun -- Chinese mathematics professor (born 1964)
Wikipedia - Geminus -- Ancient Greek astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Gene Abrams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gene Grabeel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gene H. Golub -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - General hypergeometric function -- Hypergeometric function in mathematics
Wikipedia - Generalized functional linear model -- Mathematical model for stochastic processes
Wikipedia - Generator (mathematics) -- Element of a generating set, a subset of an algebraic structure that allows specifying all elements of the structure
Wikipedia - Genevieve Gauthier -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Genevieve Grotjan Feinstein -- American mathematician and cryptanalyst, helped break PURPLE and VENONA ciphers
Wikipedia - Genevieve Guitel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Genevieve M. Knight -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Genevieve Raugel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Genius (mathematics software)
Wikipedia - Gentzen's consistency proof -- mathematical logic concept
Wikipedia - Genus (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Geoffrey Timms -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Geomathematics
Wikipedia - Geometric integrator -- Mathematical field of numerical ordinary differential equations
Wikipedia - Geometry -- Branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - Geordie Williamson -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Georg Cantor -- 19th and 20th-century German mathematician
Wikipedia - George Adam Pfeiffer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Adomian -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George A. Elliott -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - George Anderson (mathematician) -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - George Andrews (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Ballard Mathews -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - George Bergman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Biddell Airy -- English mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - George Blakley -- American mathematician and cryptographer
Wikipedia - George Boole -- English mathematician, philosopher and logician
Wikipedia - George Boolos -- American philosopher and mathematical logician
Wikipedia - George B. Thomas -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Chrystal -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - George Dantzig -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George David Birkhoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George F. Carrier -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George F. D. Duff -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - George Fix -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George F. Simmons -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Glauberman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George G. Lorentz -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Green (mathematician) -- British mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - George GrM-CM-$tzer -- Hungarian-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - George Herbert Swift Jr -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Herbert Weiss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Jerrard -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - George Kempf -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Langdale -- English cricketer, schoolmaster, and writer on mathematics
Wikipedia - George Logemann -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Lusztig -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Mackey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Maltese -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Marsaglia -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Mathews (actor) -- American actor
Wikipedia - George Mostow -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Murray Burnett -- Scottish mathematician and chemist
Wikipedia - George Newland (mathematician) -- British academic
Wikipedia - George Piranian -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Polya -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - George Roger Sell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George R. Price -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Georges de Rham -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - George Seligman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Georges Henri Halphen -- 19th century French mathematician
Wikipedia - Georges Mathe -- French oncologist and immunologist (1922-2010)
Wikipedia - Georges Poitou -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - George Springer (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George William Hill -- American mathematical astronomer
Wikipedia - George William Morgenthaler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George W. Myers -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George Woltman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - George W. Whitehead -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Georg Faber -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Georg Feigl -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Georg Hamel -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Georgia Benkart -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Georgia Caldwell Smith -- One of the first African-American women to gain a bachelor's degree in mathematics
Wikipedia - Georgii Polozii -- Soviet mathematician
Wikipedia - Georgii Suvorov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Georg Joseph Sidler -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Georg Nobeling -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Georg Simon Klugel -- German mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Georgy Adelson-Velsky -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Georgy Egorychev -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerald B. Whitham -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerald Folland -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerald Gardner (mathematician) -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Geraldine Claudette Darden -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Geraldine Norman -- Mathematician and writer
Wikipedia - Gerald James Whitrow -- British mathematician and historian of science
Wikipedia - Gerald John Mathias -- Indian Catholic priest
Wikipedia - Gerald L. Alexanderson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerard Cornuejols -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerard Iooss -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerard Murphy (mathematician) -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerardo Chowell -- American mathematical epidemiologist
Wikipedia - Gerard Washnitzer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerda de Vries -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerd Faltings -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerd Grubb -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerhard Frey -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerhard Geise -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerhard Gentzen -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerhard Hessenberg -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerhard Hochschild -- German-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerhard Hund -- German mathematician, computer scientist and chess player
Wikipedia - Gerhard Kowalewski -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerhard Ringel -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerlind Plonka -- German applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Germano D'Abramo -- Italian mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Germund Dahlquist -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Gerolamo Cardano -- Italian Renaissance mathematician, physician, astrologer
Wikipedia - Gershgorin circle theorem -- Mathematical theorem about eigenvalues
Wikipedia - Gertrude Blanch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gesellschaft fr Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik
Wikipedia - Geza Fodor (mathematician) -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ghana National Science and Maths Quiz -- STEM competition
Wikipedia - Gheorghe M-HM-^Ziteica -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gheorghe Mihoc -- Romanian mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Gheorghe Vranceanu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - G. H. Hardy -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Ghumne Mechmathi Andho Manche -- Book by Bhupi Serchan
Wikipedia - Giacomo Bellacchi -- Italian mathematician (1838-1924)
Wikipedia - Gian-Carlo Rota -- Italian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gianni Dal Maso -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gideon Schechtman -- Israeli mathematician.
Wikipedia - Gigliola Staffilani -- Italian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gila Hanna -- Canadian mathematics educator and philosopher of mathematics
Wikipedia - Gilbert Ames Bliss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gilbert Baumslag -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gilbert de Beauregard Robinson -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gilbert Mathon -- French politician
Wikipedia - Gilbert Strang -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gil Kalai -- Israeli mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Gilles Lebeau -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Gillian Thornley -- New Zealand mathematician
Wikipedia - Gillie Larew -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ginestra Bianconi -- Network scientist and mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Giordano Bruno -- Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, mathematician, cosmological theorist, and poet
Wikipedia - Giovanna Venetiglio Matheus -- Brazilian trampoline gymnast
Wikipedia - Giovanni Alberti (mathematician) -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Giovanni Bordiga -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Giovanni Domenico Cassini -- Italian/French mathematician, astronomer, engineer, and astrologer
Wikipedia - Giovanni Giambelli -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Giovanni Prodi -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gisela Engeln-Mullges -- German mathematician and artist
Wikipedia - Gisele Ruiz Goldstein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gisiro Maruyama -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Gitta Kutyniok -- German applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Giulia Di Nunno -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Giuliana Davidoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Giuseppe Basso -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Giuseppe Lauricella -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Giuseppe Peano -- Italian mathematician and glottologist
Wikipedia - Giuseppina Masotti Biggiogero -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gizem Karaali -- Turkish-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gladys West -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Glen Bredon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Glenda Lappan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Glen E. Baxter -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Glenn H. Stevens -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gloria Conyers Hewitt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gloria Ford Gilmer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gloria Olive -- Academic mathematician from New Zealand
Wikipedia - Glossary of areas of mathematics
Wikipedia - Glossary of mathematics -- List of definitions of terms and concepts commonly used in mathematics
Wikipedia - Glossary of Principia Mathematica -- Wikipedia glossary
Wikipedia - Gluing schemes -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - G. Mike Reed -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - GNU MathProg
Wikipedia - Go and mathematics
Wikipedia - Goat problem -- A recreational mathematics planar boundary and area problem
Wikipedia - Goddard-Thorn theorem -- Result in the mathematics of string theory on a functor that quantizes bosonic strings
Wikipedia - Godel numbering -- Function in mathematical logic
Wikipedia - Gomathi Nayagam -- 2004 film directed by Ponvannan
Wikipedia - Gompertz-Makeham law of mortality -- Mathematical equation related to human death rate
Wikipedia - Gordana Matic -- Croatian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gordon Royle -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gordon Thomas Whyburn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Goro Azumaya -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Goro Nishida -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Goro Shimura -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Gosta Mittag-Leffler -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz -- German mathematician and philosopher
Wikipedia - Gotthold Eisenstein -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gottlob Frege -- German philosopher, logician, and mathematician
Wikipedia - Goudreau Museum of Mathematics in Art and Science
Wikipedia - Govardhana matha
Wikipedia - Govardhan Math -- Religious institution in Hinduism
Wikipedia - Government Museum, Mathura -- Museum in India
Wikipedia - Govindan Rangarajan -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Govind Mathur -- Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court
Wikipedia - Grace Alele-Williams -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Grace Andrews (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Grace Bates -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Grace Chisholm Young -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Grace Marie Bareis -- 20th-century American mathematician
Wikipedia - Graciela Boente -- Argentine mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Gradimir Milovanovic -- Serbian mathematician
Wikipedia - Graduate Studies in Mathematics
Wikipedia - Graduate Texts in Mathematics
Wikipedia - Graduate texts in mathematics
Wikipedia - Granny knot (mathematics) -- Connected sum of two trefoil knots with same chirality
Wikipedia - Granville Sewell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Graph database -- Database that uses mathematical graphs to store and search data
Wikipedia - Graph (discrete mathematics) -- Mathematical structure consisting of vertices and edges connecting some pairs of vertices
Wikipedia - Graph theory -- Area of discrete mathematics
Wikipedia - Greater-than sign -- Mathematical symbol representing the relation "greater than"
Wikipedia - Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering
Wikipedia - Greek mathematics -- Mathematics of Ancient Greeks
Wikipedia - Gregg Zuckerman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Greg Kuperberg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gregory Beylkin -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gregory Chaitin -- Argentine-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gregory Mathews
Wikipedia - Greta Panova -- Bulgarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gretchen Matthews -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Grey box model -- Mathematical data production model with limited structure
Wikipedia - GridMathematica
Wikipedia - Griffith Baley Price -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Griffith C. Evans -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Grigori Perelman -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Grigory Margulis -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Group action (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Group action -- Operation of the elements of a group as transformations or automorphisms (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Group (mathematics) -- Algebraic structure with one binary operation
Wikipedia - Group theory -- Branch of mathematics that studies the properties of groups
Wikipedia - Grundlagen der Mathematik -- Two-volume work by David Hilbert and Paul Bernays
Wikipedia - Grzegorz Rempala -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Guarino Guarini -- Italian architect, priest, mathematician and writer
Wikipedia - Gudrun Kalmbach -- German mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Guergana Petrova -- Bulgarian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Guess 2/3 of the average -- Mathematical game
Wikipedia - Guidobaldo del Monte -- Italian mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Guido Mislin -- Swiss mathematician, academic and researcher
Wikipedia - Guido Weiss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas -- French general
Wikipedia - Guillermo Owen -- Colombian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gunnar Carlsson -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Gunter Harder -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gunter Malle -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Guoliang Yu -- Chinese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Guorong Wang -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Guozhen Lu -- Chinese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustav A. Hedlund -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustave Dumas -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustave Juvet -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustave Malecot -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustave Solomon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustav Herglotz -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustav Roch -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustavus Simmons -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Gustav von Escherich -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gusztav Rados -- Hungarian mathematician (b. 1862, d. 1942)
Wikipedia - Guy Henniart -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Guy Hirsch -- Belgian mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Guy Tachard -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Guy Terjanian -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - GWR Mather, Dixon locomotives -- Class of British broad-gauge 2-2-2 locomotives
Wikipedia - Gwyneth Stallard -- Professor of pure mathematics
Wikipedia - Gyorgy Alexits -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gyrovector space -- Mathematical space used to study hyperbolic geometry
Wikipedia - Gyula Bereznai -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gyula J. Obadovics -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Gyula Pal -- Hungarian-Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - H4 (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Hadwiger-Nelson problem -- Mathematical problem
Wikipedia - Haesun Park -- South Korean American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ha Huy Khoai -- Vietnamese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hajer Bahouri -- French-Tunisian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hajnal Andreka -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hakan Hedenmalm -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Hal Abelson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Halayudha -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hale Trotter -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Halperin conjecture -- Mathematical conjecture
Wikipedia - Halsey Royden -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hamlet Isakhanli -- Azerbaijani mathematician
Wikipedia - Hamnet Holditch -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Hanan Mohamed Abdelrahman -- Egyptian-Norwegian mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Handedness and mathematical ability
Wikipedia - Hannah Fry -- British mathematician and TV presenter
Wikipedia - Hannah Markwig -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Hanna Neumann -- German Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans-Bjorn Foxby -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Bruun Nielsen -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Duistermaat -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Fitting -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Follmer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Frederick Blichfeldt -- Danish-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Georg Feichtinger -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans G. Kaper -- Dutch-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Grauert -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Hahn (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Hans Hamburger -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans-Joachim Nastold -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans J. Reiter -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Lewy -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Matheson -- British actor
Wikipedia - Hans Munthe-Kaas -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Pietsch (mathematician) -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Riesel -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans RM-CM-%dstrom -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans-Rudolf Kunsch -- Swiss mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Hans Samelson -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Schneider (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans van Houwelingen -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Hans Werner Ballmann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Harald Bergstrom -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Harald Garcke -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Harish-Chandra -- Indian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hari Vishnu Kamath -- Indian politician
Wikipedia - Harlan J. Brothers -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harley Flanders -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harmonic analysis (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Harmonic progression (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Harmonic series (mathematics) -- Infinite series of the reciprocals of the positive integers
Wikipedia - Harold A. Linstone -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold Edwards (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold Grad -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold Levine -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold P. Boas -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold Rosenberg (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold R. Parks -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold Schoen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold S. Shapiro -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold Stark -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold Thayer Davis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harold Widom -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harriet Padberg -- American mathematician, composer
Wikipedia - Harriet Pollatsek -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harro Heuser -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry Bateman -- British-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry C. Carver -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry Clinton Gossard -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry Coonce -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry Kesten -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry Pollard (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry Rauch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry Vandiver -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harry Yandell Benedict -- American astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Hart F. Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hartmut Jurgens -- German mathematician
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Wikipedia - Harvey Dubner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Harvey Friedman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Haseen Dillruba -- 2020 murder mystery thriller film directed by Vinil Mathew
Wikipedia - Hasibun Naher -- Bangladeshi mathematics researcher
Wikipedia - Haskell Curry -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hassler Whitney -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hawkins-Simon condition -- Result in mathematical economics on existence of a non-negative equilibrium output vector
Wikipedia - Haya Freedman -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Haymarket affair -- 1886 aftermath of a bombing in Chicago, US
Wikipedia - Haynes Miller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hazel Perfect -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - H. Blaine Lawson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Heap (mathematics) -- Algebraic structure with a ternary operation
Wikipedia - Heather Harrington -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hector Chang (mathematician) -- Venezuelan mathematician
Wikipedia - Hedgehog (geometry) -- Type of mathematical plane curve
Wikipedia - Hee Oh -- South Korean American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hegarty Maths -- UK educational web site
Wikipedia - Heide Gluesing-Luerssen -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heidi Thornquist -- American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Height function -- Mathematical functions that quantify complexity
Wikipedia - Heike Fassbender -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heiko Harborth -- German mathematician
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Wikipedia - Heinrich Behmann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heinrich Behnke -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heinrich Brandt -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heinrich Burkhardt -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa -- German polymath, physician, legal scholar, soldier, theologian and occult writer (1486-1535)
Wikipedia - Heinrich Franz Friedrich Tietze -- Austrian mathematician
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Wikipedia - Heinrich Jung -- German mathematician
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Wikipedia - Heinrich Maschke -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heinz Bauer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus -- German mathematician and logician
Wikipedia - Heinz Engl -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Heinz Hopf -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Heisuke Hironaka -- Japanese mathematician
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Wikipedia - Hel Braun -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Helen (2019 film) -- 2019 film by Mathukkutty Xavier
Wikipedia - Helen Abbot Merrill -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Helena Chmura Kraemer -- American mathematician
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Wikipedia - Helene Esnault -- French mathematician
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Wikipedia - Helen Wilson (mathematician) -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Helen Wily -- New Zealand statistician and mathematician
Wikipedia - Helga Baum -- German mathematician
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Wikipedia - Helge Tverberg -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Helicoid -- Mathematical shape
Wikipedia - Helios and Matheson Analytics -- American technology company
Wikipedia - Hellenistic mathematics
Wikipedia - Hellmuth Kneser -- German mathematician
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Wikipedia - Henk J. M. Bos -- Dutch historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Henk Tijms -- Dutch mathematician
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Wikipedia - Henri Berestycki -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Henricus Grammateus -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Henri Delannoy -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Henri Fehr -- Swiss mathematician
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Wikipedia - Henri Mathe -- French politician
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Wikipedia - Henri Poincare -- French mathematician, physicist, engineer, and philosopher of science
Wikipedia - Henry Briggs (mathematician)
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Wikipedia - Henry Cohn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Crapo (mathematician) -- American-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry C. Wente -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Dye -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Gellibrand -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Gordon Rice -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Heaton -- Amateur mathematician (1846-1927)
Wikipedia - Henry Helson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Landau -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Laufer -- American mathematician and businessman
Wikipedia - Henry L. Langhaar -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry McKean -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry O. Pollak -- Austrian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Pogorzelski -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Seely White -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Stapp -- American mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Henry Taber -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Thomas Herbert Piaggio -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry Wallman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Henry W. Gould -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert A. Hauptman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Busemann -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Clemens -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Enderton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Federer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Fleischner -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Grotzsch -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Keller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Koch -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Robbins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Seifert -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Herbert Wilf -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herman Auerbach -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Herman Chernoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herman Goldstine -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herman L. Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herman March -- German American mathematician
Wikipedia - Herman Muntz -- German-Jewish mathematician
Wikipedia - Hermann Bottenbruch -- German mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Hermann Hankel -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Hermann Kinkelin -- Swiss mathematician and politician
Wikipedia - Hermann Minkowski -- German mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Hermann Rothe -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hermine Agavni Kalustyan -- Turkish mathematician and politician
Wikipedia - Hermite reciprocity -- Invariant theory in mathematics
Wikipedia - Hermitian variety -- Mathematic variety
Wikipedia - Hero of Alexandria -- 1st century AD Greco-Egyptian mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Herta Freitag -- Austrian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hertha Ayrton -- English engineer, mathematician and inventor
Wikipedia - Hessian matrix -- (Mathematical) matrix of second derivatives
Wikipedia - Hettie Belle Ege -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hideo Shimizu -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hideya Matsumoto -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hierarchy (mathematics)
Wikipedia - High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College -- Specialized high school in New York City
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Wikipedia - Hilary Putnam -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hilbert's tenth problem -- Mathematics problem
Wikipedia - Hilda Cerdeira -- Argentine mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Hilda Geiringer -- AM-YM-^Pustrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Hilda Phoebe Hudson -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Hillel Furstenberg -- American-Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Hinke Osinga -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Hiraku Nakajima -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hiroshi Haruki -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hiroshi Toda -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hisar Military Station -- Base headquarters of the 33rd Armoured Division of Mathura-headquartered I Corps
Wikipedia - Historia Mathematica
Wikipedia - History of algebra -- History of a branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - History of Mathematics
Wikipedia - History of mathematics -- Aspect of history
Wikipedia - History of the function concept -- Mathematical concept of a function
Wikipedia - H. J. Ryser -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - HM-CM-%kan Eliasson -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - HM-GM-AM-QM inequalities -- mathematical relationships
Wikipedia - Hoang TM-aM-;M-%y -- Vietnamese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hoang XuM-CM-"n Sinh -- Vietnamese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hodge theory -- Mathematical manifold theory
Wikipedia - Holbrook Mann MacNeille -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Holger Rootzen -- Swedish mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Holly Krieger -- Lecturer in mathematics
Wikipedia - Hollylynne Lee -- American mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Holonomic function -- Type of functions, in mathematical analysis
Wikipedia - Homeomorphism -- Isomorphism of topological spaces in mathematics
Wikipedia - Homer E. Newell Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Homersham Cox (mathematician) -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Homological stability -- Type of mathematical theorem
Wikipedia - Homology (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Horace Lamb -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Horace Yomishi Mochizuki -- American mathematician known for his contributions to group theory
Wikipedia - Hormathophylla -- Genus of Brassicaceae plants
Wikipedia - Hormathus -- Genus of beetles
Wikipedia - Horng-Tzer Yau -- Taiwanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Horst Herrlich -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Horst Knorrer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard Eves -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard Garland -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard G. Funkhouser -- American mathematician and historian
Wikipedia - Howard Hawks Mitchell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard Jerome Keisler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard Levi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard Lincoln Hodgkins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard L. Resnikoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard P. Robertson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Howard Wright Alexander -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hrvoje Kraljevic -- Croatian mathematician and politician
Wikipedia - Hsien Chung Wang -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Huai-Dong Cao -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hua Luogeng -- Chinese mathematician and politician (1910-1985)
Wikipedia - Hugh Jones (professor) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hugh Lowell Montgomery -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hugh Montgomery (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Hugh Sempill -- Scottish mathematician (between 1589 and 1596 - 1654)
Wikipedia - Hugo Hadwiger -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Hugo Rossi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Huguette Delavault -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Hu Hesheng -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Hyman Bass -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Hypatia -- Neoplatonist philosopher and mathematician
Wikipedia - Hyperbolic functions -- Mathematical functions for hyperbolas similar to trigonometric functions for circles
Wikipedia - Hyperbolic group -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Hyung Ju Park -- South Korean mathematician
Wikipedia - Iain Gordon -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - I Am Legend (novel) -- Science fiction horror novel by Richard Matheson
Wikipedia - Ian Agol -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ian R. Porteous -- Scottish mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Ian Sloan (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Ian Stewart (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Iatromathematicians
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Wikipedia - Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi -- Moroccan mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Ibn al-Haytham -- Arab physicist, mathematician and astronomer (c. 965 - c. 1040)
Wikipedia - Ibn al-Samh -- Arab mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Ibn al-Tayyib -- 11th century writer, priest and polymath of the Church of the East
Wikipedia - Ibn MuM-JM-?adh al-JayyanM-DM-+ -- Andalusian philosopher and mathematician
Wikipedia - Ibn Sahl (mathematician) -- Mathematician (0940-1000)
Wikipedia - Ibn Tufail -- Arab Andalusian Muslim polymath
Wikipedia - IbrahM-DM-+m al-FazarM-DM-+ -- 8th-century mathematician, astronomer and translator
Wikipedia - Icosian game -- Mathematical game
Wikipedia - Ida Elizabeth Brandon Mathis -- Farmer and businesswoman
Wikipedia - Ida Rhodes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ideal gas -- Mathematical model which approximates the behavior of real gases
Wikipedia - Ideal theory -- Theory of ideals in commutative rings in mathematics
Wikipedia - Identity function -- In mathematics, a function that always returns the same value that was used as its argument
Wikipedia - Identity (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Idris Assani -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Idun Reiten -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ignatius Carbonnelle -- Belgian Jesuit and mathematician
Wikipedia - Igor Chueshov -- Ukrainian mathematician (b. 1951, d. 2016)
Wikipedia - Igor Dmitrievich Ado -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Igor Dolgachev -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Igor Girsanov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Igor Kluvanek -- Slovak-Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Igor Shafarevich -- Soviet and Russian mathematician and political dissident
Wikipedia - Igusa variety -- Mathematical structure
Wikipedia - Igusa zeta-function -- Type of generating function in mathematics
Wikipedia - Ilan Amit -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Ileana Streinu -- Romanian-American computer scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Ilex mathewsii -- Species of plant
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Wikipedia - Illumination problem -- Mathematical problem studying illumination of rooms with mirrored walls
Wikipedia - Ilona Palasti -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ilse Fischer -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ilse Ipsen -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ilya M. Sobol -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Image (mathematics) -- The set of all values of a function
Wikipedia - Imaginary line -- A mathematical curve which does not physically exist
Wikipedia - Imhotep -- Egyptian polymath, later deified
Wikipedia - Immanuel Bomze -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Immersion (mathematics)
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Wikipedia - Ina Kersten -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Inarwa, Saptari -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Indagationes Mathematicae
Wikipedia - Independence (mathematical logic)
Wikipedia - Indian mathematics -- Development of mathematics in South Asia
Wikipedia - Indicator function -- A mathematical function
Wikipedia - Indiscernibles -- Concept in mathematical logic
Wikipedia - Indranil Biswas -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Indulata Sukla -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Indumadhab Mallick -- Indian polymath
Wikipedia - Ineke De Moortel -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Inequality (mathematics) -- Mathematical relation expressed by symbols < or M-bM-^IM-$
Wikipedia - Inequation -- Mathematical statement that two values are not equal
Wikipedia - Infinity -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Informal mathematics -- Any informal mathematical practices used in everyday life
Wikipedia - Inga Berre -- Norwegian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Ingebrigt Johansson -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ingrid Daubechies -- Belgian physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Ingrid Kristine Glad -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - In Pursuit of the Unknown -- 2012 nonfiction book by mathematician Ian Stewart
Wikipedia - In re Sears Holdings Management Corp. -- Legal complaint and aftermath
Wikipedia - Institute for Computational and Experimental Research in Mathematics -- Research institute at Brown University
Wikipedia - Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics -- Mathematics institute
Wikipedia - Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics
Wikipedia - Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
Wikipedia - Instituto Nacional de Matematica Pura e Aplicada -- Brazil's National Institute for mathematics
Wikipedia - Integral symbol -- Mathematical symbol used to denote integrals and antiderivatives
Wikipedia - Integration (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Intel 8231/8232 -- Early floating-point math coprocessor
Wikipedia - Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling -- Supercomputing and research data centre
Wikipedia - International Centre for Theoretical Physics -- International research institute for physical and mathematical sciences
Wikipedia - International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications -- Annual academic mathematics conference
Wikipedia - International Congress of Mathematicians
Wikipedia - International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - International Day of Mathematics -- Day celebrating mathematics on March 14
Wikipedia - International Mathematical Olympiad
Wikipedia - International Mathematical Union -- International non-governmental organisation
Wikipedia - International Society for Mathematical Sciences -- Organization
Wikipedia - Intersection (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Intersection -- Concept in mathematics
Wikipedia - Interval contractor -- mathematical construct
Wikipedia - Interval (mathematics) -- In mathematics, a set of real numbers that contains all numbers that lie between any two numbers in the set
Wikipedia - Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy
Wikipedia - Intuitionism (philosophy of mathematics)
Wikipedia - Intuitionistic type theory -- Alternative foundation of mathematics
Wikipedia - Invariant (mathematics) -- Property of mathematical objects that remains unchanged for transformations applied to the objects
Wikipedia - Inventiones Mathematicae
Wikipedia - Inverse bundle -- Topology in mathematics
Wikipedia - Inverse function -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Inverse hyperbolic functions -- Mathematical functions
Wikipedia - Involute -- Mathematical curve constructed from another curve
Wikipedia - Involution (mathematics)
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Wikipedia - Iranian Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Irena Lasiecka -- Polish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irena Peeva -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irena Swanson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irene Fischer -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Irene Fonseca -- Portuguese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irene Gijbels -- Mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Irene M. Gamba -- Argentine-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irene Moroz -- British applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Irene Mulvey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irene Waldspurger -- French mathematician
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Wikipedia - Irina Shevtsova -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Iris Runge -- German mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Irit Dinur -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Irmgard Flugge-Lotz -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Irvin Cohen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irving Reiner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irving Segal -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irving S. Reed -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Irving Stringham -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Isaac Barrow -- English Christian theologian, and mathematician
Wikipedia - Isaac ben Moses Eli -- 15th-century Spanish Jewish mathematician
Wikipedia - Isaac Jacob Schoenberg -- Romanian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Isaac Namioka -- Japanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Isabel Hubard Escalera -- Mexican mathematician
Wikipedia - Isabella Bashmakova -- Russian historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Isabella Novik -- Professor of mathematics
Wikipedia - Isabelle Gallagher -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Isabel Maddison -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Isadore Singer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Isador M. Sheffer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Isaiah Kantor -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Isenheim Altarpiece -- Painting by Mathias Grunewald
Wikipedia - Is Homosexuality a Menace? -- 1957 book by Arthur Guy Mathews
Wikipedia - Ising model -- Mathematical model of ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics
Wikipedia - Islamic mathematics
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Wikipedia - Isobel Loutit -- Canadian mathematician, educator, inventor
Wikipedia - Isomorphism -- In mathematics, invertible homomorphism
Wikipedia - Israel Journal of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Israel Kleiner (mathematician) -- Canadian mathematician and historian
Wikipedia - Israel Mathematical Union -- Israeli professional mathematician association
Wikipedia - Istvan Gyongy -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Istvan Hatvani -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Istvan Juhasz (mathematician) -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ito's theorem -- Math theorem in the field of representation theory
Wikipedia - Ivan Cherednik -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ivan Corwin -- Professor of mathematics
Wikipedia - Ivan Vidav -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ivan Vsevolodovich Meshcherskiy -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ivar Mathisen -- Norwegian canoeist
Wikipedia - Ivar Otto Bendixson -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Ivar Stakgold -- Norwegian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ivette Fuentes -- Mathematical Physics professor
Wikipedia - Ivo BabuM-EM-!ka -- Czech-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ivy Hooks -- Mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Iya Abubakar -- Nigerian politician and mathematician
Wikipedia - Izabela Abramowicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Izabella M-EM-^Aaba -- Polish-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jabir ibn Hayyan -- Persian polymath
Wikipedia - Jack Edmonds -- American/Canadian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Jackie Stedall -- British mathematics historian
Wikipedia - Jack K. Hale -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jack Kiefer (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Jack Morava -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jack Silver -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jackson network -- Mathematical discipline
Wikipedia - Jacob Bernoulli -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacob Fox -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacobi triple product -- Mathematical identity found by Jacobi in 1829
Wikipedia - Jacob Korevaar -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacob Milich -- German astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacob Tamarkin -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacob T. Schwartz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacqueline Chen -- American applied mathematician and mechanical engineer
Wikipedia - Jacqueline Dewar -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacqueline Ferrand -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacqueline Jensen-Vallin -- American mathematician & academic
Wikipedia - Jacqueline Naze Tjotta -- Norwegian mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Jacques Alexandre Le Tenneur -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacques de Billy -- French Jesuit mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacques Deruyts -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacques Dixmier -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacques Hadamard -- 20th century French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacques Hurtubise (mathematician) -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacques Mathieu Delpech -- French surgeon
Wikipedia - Jacques Mathou -- French actor
Wikipedia - Jacques Pelletier du Mans -- Humanist, Poet, Mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacques Tits -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jacques Touchard -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jafar Zafarani -- Iranian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jagadish Chandra Bose -- Bengali polymath
Wikipedia - Jagdish Prasad Mathur (Rajasthan politician) -- Indian politician
Wikipedia - Jaime Escalante -- Bolivian educator, teacher and mathematician
Wikipedia - Jakob Horn -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Jakob Mathiasen -- Danish Paralympic athlete
Wikipedia - Jakob Philipp Kulik -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jakob Rosanes -- German mathematician and chess player
Wikipedia - Jakob Steiner -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Jakow Trachtenberg -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jalal Allakhverdiyev -- Azerbaijani mathematician
Wikipedia - James A. Clarkson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Alexander Shohat -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Arthur (mathematician) -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - James B. Carrell -- American and Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - James Caldwell (mathematician) -- Northern Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - James Colliander -- American-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - James Cooley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Crowley (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Cullen (mathematician) -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - James Demmel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Dodson (mathematician)
Wikipedia - James Dugundji -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James E. Humphreys -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Fields Smathers
Wikipedia - James Glimm -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Gregory (astronomer and mathematician)
Wikipedia - James Gregory (mathematician)
Wikipedia - James Hamilton (physicist) -- Irish mathematician and theoretical physicist
Wikipedia - James Harkness (mathematician) -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - James H. Bramble -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Henry Taylor -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Henry Weaver -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Ivory (mathematician) -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - James J. Andrews (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James J. Stoker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Jurin -- British mathematician and doctor
Wikipedia - James Lepowsky -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Lewin McGregor -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - James MacCullagh -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - James (Mac) Hyman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Mathewson -- Upper Canada politician
Wikipedia - James McFarlane Mathews -- American clergyman
Wikipedia - James McMahon (mathematician) -- Irish American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Michael Gardner Fell -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Milne (mathematician)
Wikipedia - James Munkres -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Murdoch Austin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James O. C. Ezeilo -- Nigerian mathematician
Wikipedia - James Oxley -- Australian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Pierpont (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James R. Norris -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - James Serrin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Sethian -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James Stirling (mathematician)
Wikipedia - James Thomson (mathematician) -- Irish mathematician, born 1786
Wikipedia - James Waddell Alexander II -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - James W. Cannon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - JamshM-DM-+d al-KashM-DM-+ -- Persian astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Denef -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jane Cronin Scanlon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jane Cullum -- American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Jane Heffernan -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jane M. Hawkins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jane Piore Gilman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan-Erik Roos -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Jane Squire -- Mathematician and feminist
Wikipedia - Janet Barnett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Janet Beery -- American mathematician and historian
Wikipedia - Janet Thomas -- Australian mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Jane Ye -- Chinese-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jang-Mei Wu -- Taiwanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Hendrik Bruinier -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Jansz de Jonge Stampioen -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Kalicki -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Koenderink -- Dutch mathematician and psychologist
Wikipedia - Janko group J2 -- In mathematics, one of the sporadic simple groups
Wikipedia - Jan Mandel -- Czech-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Mathiasen -- Danish sailor
Wikipedia - Jan Sleszynski -- Polish-Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Mikusinski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Mycielski -- Polish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Janos Aczel (mathematician) -- Hungarian-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Janos Kollar -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Janos Komlos (mathematician) -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Janos Korner -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Rajewski -- Polish mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Jan Saxl -- Czech-British mathematician
Wikipedia - Janson inequality -- Mathematical theory
Wikipedia - Jan Spielrein -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Janusz Grabowski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Jan Vaerman -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Japanese mathematics -- The independent development of mathematics in Japan during the isolation of the Edo period.
Wikipedia - Japan Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics -- Japanese counterpart of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - Jardine Cycle & Carriage -- Subsidiary of Jardine Matheson
Wikipedia - Jaroslav Hajek -- Czech mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Jaroslav Kurzweil -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - J. Arthur Seebach Jr. -- American mathematician
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Wikipedia - Jason Gaverick Matheny
Wikipedia - Jay Kappraff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jay M. Gould -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - J. Carson Mark -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean A. Larson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Baptiste Leblond -- French physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Baptiste Morin (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Jean Bourgain -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Christophe Yoccoz -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean Claude Bouquet -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean E. Rubin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeanette McLeod -- New Zealand mathematician
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Wikipedia - Jeanette Shakalli -- Panamanian mathematician (born 1985)
Wikipedia - Jean Ginibre -- French mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Jean Kuntzmann -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean le Rond d'Alembert -- French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher and music theorist (1717-1783)
Wikipedia - Jean-Louis Calandrini -- Genevan mathematician (1703-1758)
Wikipedia - Jean-Louis Koszul -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Louis Nicolas -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Loup Waldspurger -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Marie De Koninck -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean Mathieu de Chazelles
Wikipedia - Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Serurier -- French Marshal
Wikipedia - Jeanne LaDuke -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeanne N. Clelland -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Paul Benzecri -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Paul Pier -- Luxembourgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean Pedersen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Pierre Bourguignon -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Pierre Ramis -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Pierre Wintenberger -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean Taylor -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean Trembley -- Genevan mathematician (1749-1811)
Wikipedia - Jean Trenchant -- French 15th century mathematician
Wikipedia - Jean-Victor Poncelet -- 19th-century French engineer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeff Cheeger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeff Dinitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeffery J. Leader -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeff Kahn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeff Paris (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Jeffrey Adams (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeffrey Hoffstein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeffrey H. Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeffrey Lagarias -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeffrey Rauch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeffrey Weeks (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Jekuthiel Ginsburg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - JenM-EM-^Q Hunyady -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jenna Carpenter -- American mathematician, academic and STEM researcher
Wikipedia - Jennifer Balakrishnan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer Lawton -- Businesswoman and applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer McLoud-Mann -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer Morse (mathematician) -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer Mueller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer Quinn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer Schultens -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer Scott (mathematician) -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer Seberry -- Australian cryptographer, mathematician, and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Jennifer Switkes -- Canadian-American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Jennifer Tour Chayes -- American computer scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Jenny Harrison -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jens Carsten Jantzen -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Jens Franke -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Jens Marklof -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeong Han Kim -- South Korean mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerald Ericksen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeremiah Farrell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeremiah J. Callahan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeremy Avigad -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeremy Gray -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeremy Kahn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jeremy Quastel -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - J. Ernest Wilkins Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerome Cornfield -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerome Franel -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerome H. Friedman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerome Levine -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerrold B. Tunnell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerrold E. Marsden -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerry L. Bona -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerry Mathers
Wikipedia - Jerzy Browkin -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Jerzy Neyman -- Polish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jessica Sklar -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jessie Forbes Cameron -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Jessie MacWilliams -- Mathematician, programmer
Wikipedia - Jessie Marie Jacobs -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jesus Ildefonso Diaz -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - J. Howard Redfield -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jiang Lifu -- Chinese mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Jiang Zehan -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Jill Adler -- South African mathematician
Wikipedia - Jill Britton -- Canadian mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Jill Mathis -- American photographer
Wikipedia - Jill Pipher -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jill P. Mesirov -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jil Matheson -- British statistician
Wikipedia - Jim Agler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jimbo Mathus -- American musician
Wikipedia - Jim Cooke -- Irish teacher of maths and physics
Wikipedia - Jim Matherly -- American politician
Wikipedia - Jim Propp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jim Simons (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jim Stasheff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jin Akiyama -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Jing-Rebecca Li -- Applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Jit Bose -- Canadian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - J. Laurie Snell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - J. Malcolm Bird -- American mathematician and parapsychologist
Wikipedia - J. Michael Steele -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - J. Nathan Kutz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joachim Cuntz -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Joan Birman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joan E. Walsh -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Joan Ferrini-Mundy -- American mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Joan Hutchinson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joan Leitzel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joan L. Richards -- American historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Joan Moschovakis -- American logician and mathematician
Wikipedia - Joanne Elliott -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joanne Moldenhauer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joao Baptista Lavanha -- Portuguese cartographer, mathematician and geographer
Wikipedia - Joao Marques Silva -- Portuguese mathematician and researcher
Wikipedia - Joaquin Bustoz Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Job Mathew Raikes -- British merchant and banker
Wikipedia - Joceline Lega -- French physicist and applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Joe Harris (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joel Brawley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joel David Hamkins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joel Lee Brenner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jo Ellis-Monaghan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joel Shapiro (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joel Smoller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joel Spencer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joel Spruck -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Joe P. Buhler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Johan Jensen (mathematician) -- Danish mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Johanna G. NeM-EM-!lehova -- Czech mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Johanna Piesch -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Johanna Weber -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Johann Bernoulli -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Johannes Boersma -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Johannes Buchmann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Johannes Finsterbusch -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Johannes Hjelmslev -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Johannes Kemperman -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Johannes Kepler -- 17th-century German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer
Wikipedia - Johannes Mathesius
Wikipedia - Johannes Mollerup -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Johannes Sjostrand -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Johannes Valentinus Andreae -- German writer, mathematician and theologian (rosicrucian)
Wikipedia - Johann Friedrich Schultz -- German mathematician and theologian
Wikipedia - Johann Gustav Hermes -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Johann Heinrich Boeckler -- German historian and polymath (1611-1672)
Wikipedia - Johann Hommel -- German astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Johann Jakob Balmer -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Johann Jakob Rebstein -- Swiss mathematician and surveyor
Wikipedia - Johann Kies -- German astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Johann Rahn -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Johann Wilhelm Andreas Pfaff -- German mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Johan WM-CM-$stlund -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - John Alexander Third -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - John Allen Paulos -- American mathematician and author
Wikipedia - John Andrew Strain -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Arndt Eiesland -- Norwegian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - John A. Thorpe -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Backus -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Barrow (historian) -- English mathematician, naval historian and lexicographer
Wikipedia - John B. Bell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John B. Conway -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Benedetto -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John B. Garnett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Brian Helliwell -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - John Brillhart -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Bryce McLeod -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - John Casey (mathematician)
Wikipedia - John Casti -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Challifour -- British mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - John Charles Fields -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - John C. Mather
Wikipedia - John Cocke -- American computer scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - John Coleman Moore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Collins (mathematician)
Wikipedia - John Corner -- British mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - John C. Oxtoby -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Craig (mathematician)
Wikipedia - John Crank -- English mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - John Dee (mathematician)
Wikipedia - John Dee -- English mathematician, astrologer and alchemist
Wikipedia - John E. Dennis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Edensor Littlewood -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - John Edgar Ainsworth -- American physicist and polymath
Wikipedia - John Edwin Luecke -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John E. Osborn (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Forbes Nash Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Friedlander -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - John G. Bennett -- British mathematician and author
Wikipedia - John George Herriot -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Guckenheimer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Hammersley -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - John Harnad -- Hungarian mathematical-physicist
Wikipedia - John Herschel -- 19th-century English polymath, mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and photographer
Wikipedia - John H. Hubbard -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Hinch (mathematician)
Wikipedia - John Horton Conway -- English mathematician (1937-2020)
Wikipedia - John Horvath (mathematician) -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Howard Van Amringe -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John H. Smith (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John H. Walter -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Irwin Hutchinson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Jay Gergen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John J. O'Connor (mathematician)
Wikipedia - John J. Turin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Landen -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - John Lennard-Jones -- English mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - John L. Kelley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Lott (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Mackintosh Howie -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - John Macnaghten Whittaker -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - John Mather (businessman) -- Canadian businessman
Wikipedia - John Mathew Gutch -- British historian and journalist
Wikipedia - John Mathew (MP) -- 16th-century English politician
Wikipedia - John Mathias -- American sailor
Wikipedia - John Mathieson Anderson -- British linguist
Wikipedia - John Mathieson (computer scientist)
Wikipedia - John Mathwin -- Australian politician
Wikipedia - John M. Ball -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - John McKay (mathematician) -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - John McNamara (mathematical biologist) -- English mathematical biologist
Wikipedia - John Milnor -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John M. Lee -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Morgan (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John M. Sullivan (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Napier -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - John N. Little -- Co-founder of MathWorks
Wikipedia - John N. Mather -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Johnny Mathis discography -- Catalogue of recordings by Johnny Mathis
Wikipedia - Johnny Mathis -- American singer
Wikipedia - John of Matha
Wikipedia - John Pelesko -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Pentland Mahaffy -- Irish classicist, polymathic scholar and wit
Wikipedia - John Rhodes (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John R. Isbell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Robert Kline -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Rogers Musselman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John R. Rice (computer scientist) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John R. Stallings -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Smith (British mathematician)
Wikipedia - John Stembridge -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Stillwell -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - John Taylor (mathematician) -- English mathematician and traveller
Wikipedia - John T. Lewis -- Welsh mathematical physicist, worked in Ireland
Wikipedia - John Trevor Stuart -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - John Tukey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John von Neumann -- mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - John W. Dawson Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John Williams Calkin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - John William Theodore Youngs -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jonas Kubilius -- Lithuanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jonathan Borwein -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Jonathan Lazare Alperin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jonathan Lubin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jonathan Mboyo Esole -- Congolese mathematician
Wikipedia - Jonathan Mock Beck -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jonathan Rosenberg (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jon Barwise -- American mathematician, philosopher and logician
Wikipedia - Jon Folkman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jon Lee (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jon Mathews -- American physicist
Wikipedia - Jon T. Pitts -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jordan Ellenberg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jorge Luis Borges and mathematics
Wikipedia - Jorge Mathias -- Portuguese equestrian
Wikipedia - Jose Adem -- Mexican mathematician ( 1921-1991)
Wikipedia - Jose Celestino Mutis -- Spanish mathematician and botanist (1732-1808)
Wikipedia - Jose F. Escobar -- Colombian mathematician
Wikipedia - Josef Stefan -- Carinthian Slovene physicist, mathematician and poet
Wikipedia - Jose Luis Massera -- Uruguayan mathematician (1915-2002)
Wikipedia - Jose-Miguel Bernardo -- Spanish mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Joseph A. Ball (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Alphonso Pierce -- American mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Joseph-Andre-Mathurin Jacrau -- Canadian priest
Wikipedia - Joseph Arkin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph A. Wolf -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Bayma -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Dennis (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Fourier -- French mathematician and physicist (1768 - 1830)
Wikipedia - Joseph Gallian -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Gillis -- British-Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph H. Silverman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Josephine Burns Glasgow -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Josephine D. Edwards -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Josephine Guidy Wandja -- Ivorian mathematician
Wikipedia - Josephine Jue -- Chinese-American mathematician and programmer
Wikipedia - Joseph Keller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Knar -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Konhauser -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Kouneiher -- French mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Joseph Kruskal -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph L. Doob -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Lehner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph L. Fleiss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph-Louis Lagrange -- Italian-French mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Joseph L. Taylor -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Ludwig Raabe -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph L. Walsh -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Madachy -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Matheny -- American writer and transmedia artist
Wikipedia - Joseph Mazur -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Miller Thomas -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Nicollet -- French geographer, astronomer, and mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph of Arimathea -- Man who assumed responsibility for the burial of Jesus after his crucifixion
Wikipedia - Joseph P. LaSalle -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Plateau -- Belgian physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Proudman -- British mathematician and oceanographer
Wikipedia - Joseph Ritt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Saurin -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Sgro -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Shalika -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Slepian -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joseph Tilly -- Belgian mathematician and military man
Wikipedia - Josh Mathews -- American professional wrestler, professional wrestling announcer and commentator, and backstage interviewer
Wikipedia - Joshua Mathiot -- American politician
Wikipedia - Josiane Mathon-Poinat -- French politician
Wikipedia - Josif Shtokalo -- Ukrainian mathematician
Wikipedia - Josip Globevnik -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Josip PeM-DM-^Maric -- Croatian mathematician
Wikipedia - Josip Plemelj -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jos Murer -- Zurich poet, topographer, stained glass maker, and mathematician
Wikipedia - Josselin Garnier -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Journal fr die reine und angewandte Mathematik
Wikipedia - Journal of Mathematical Physics -- Peer-reviewed journal published monthly by the American Institute of Physics
Wikipedia - Journal of Mathematical Psychology
Wikipedia - Journal of Mathematics and the Arts
Wikipedia - Journal of Recreational Mathematics
Wikipedia - Journal of the London Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Jovan Karamata -- Serbian mathematician
Wikipedia - Joyce McLaughlin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Joy Mathew -- Indian actor and director
Wikipedia - Joy Morris -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jozef H. Przytycki -- Polish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jozef Marcinkiewicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Jozef ZajM-DM-^Ec (mathematician) -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Jozsef Beck -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jozsef Kurschak -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Jozsef Solymosi -- Hungarian-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - J. Peter May -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Judita Cofman -- Yugoslav mathematician
Wikipedia - Judith Covington -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Judith D. Sally -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Judith Grabiner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Judith Q. Longyear -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Judith Roitman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Judith V. Field -- British historian of mathematics and art
Wikipedia - Judy Green (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Judy L. Walker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ju-Lee Kim -- South Korean-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Julena Steinheider Duncombe -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Jules Haag -- French mathematician and horologist
Wikipedia - Jules Molk -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Jules Tannery -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Julia Chuzhoy -- Israeli mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Julia F. Knight -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Julia Gog -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Julia Gordon -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Julian Coolidge -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Julian Keilson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Julianna Tymoczko -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Julia Pevtsova -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Julia Robinson Mathematics Festival
Wikipedia - Julia Robinson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Julia Wolf -- British mathematician specialising in arithmetic combinatorics
Wikipedia - Julie Bergner -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Julie Lutz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Juliette Kennedy -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Julio Garavito Armero -- Colombian astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Julius August Christoph Zech -- German astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Julius L. Shaneson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Julius Petersen -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Julius Plucker -- German mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Julius Reichelt -- German mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Julius Richard Buchi -- Swiss logician and mathematician
Wikipedia - June Barrow-Green -- British mathematician and historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - June Huh -- Korean mathematician
Wikipedia - June Mathis -- American screenwriter, producer and film studio executive
Wikipedia - Jun Li (mathematician) -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Jun S. Liu -- American mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Jurgen GM-CM-$rtner -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Jurgen Jost -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Jur Hronec -- Slovak mathematician
Wikipedia - Justin Jesse Price -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Justin T. Moore -- US mathematician
Wikipedia - Just Mathias Thiele
Wikipedia - J. W. Bruce -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - J. W. S. Cassels -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Jya, koti-jya and utkrama-jya -- Trigonometric functions introduced by Indian mathematicians and astronomers
Wikipedia - Jyotirmath
Wikipedia - Kadalikkattil Mathai Kathanar
Wikipedia - Kai Behrend -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Kaisa MatomM-CM-$ki -- Finnish mathematician
Wikipedia - Kaisa Miettinen -- Finnish mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Kajetan Garbinski -- Polish mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Kaj Nystrom -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Kalyanpur Jabadi -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Kamalpur, Nepal -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Kampe de Feriet function -- Special function in mathematics
Wikipedia - Kamsa -- Tyrant ruler of Mathura in Hindu mythology
Wikipedia - Kanta Gupta -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Karabo Mathang-Tshabuse -- South African soccer agent
Wikipedia - Karen Aardal -- Norwegian and Dutch applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen D. King -- American mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Karen E. Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen L. Collins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen Marrongelle -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen M. Bliss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen Parshall -- American historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Karen Rhea -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen Saxe -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen Uhlenbeck -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen Vogtmann -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karen Yeats -- Canadian mathematician and mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Kari Hag -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Karin Baur -- Swiss Mathematician
Wikipedia - Karine Beauchard -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Karine Chemla -- French mathematician and historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Karin Erdmann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Karin Melnick -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karin Reich -- German historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Karin Schnass -- Austrian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Kari Vilonen -- Finnish mathematician (born 1955)
Wikipedia - Karl Adams (mathematician) -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Karl Bobek -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Karl Egil Aubert -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Karl F. Sundman -- Finnish mathematician
Wikipedia - Karl Heun -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Karlis Zalts -- Latvian mathematician
Wikipedia - Karl Menger -- Austrian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Karl Pearson -- English mathematician and biometrician
Wikipedia - Karl Reinhardt (mathematician) -- German mathematician (1895-1941)
Wikipedia - Karl Schwarzschild -- German physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Karl Weierstrass -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Karl Wilhelm Feuerbach -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Karma Dajani -- Lebanese-Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Karman-Howarth equation -- Mathematical equation
Wikipedia - Karoly Bezdek -- Hungarian-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Karoly Hadaly -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Karthika Mathew -- Indian actress
Wikipedia - Kasso Okoudjou -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Katalin Marton -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Katalin Vesztergombi -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Kate Smith-Miles -- Australian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathaleen Land -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Katharine Elizabeth O'Brien -- American mathematician, musician and poet
Wikipedia - Katharine Kniskern Mather -- American geologist with US Army
Wikipedia - Katherine Heinrich -- Australian mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Katherine Johnson -- African American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathleen Kavanagh -- American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathleen Madden -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathleen Ollerenshaw -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathrin Bringmann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathrin Klamroth -- German mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Kathryn E. Hare -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathryn Hess -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathryn Leonard -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Kathryn Mann -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Kathy Horadam -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Kato theorem -- Mathematical theorem
Wikipedia - Katrin Leschke -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Katrin Tent -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Katrin Wendland -- German mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Katsumi Nomizu -- Japanese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Katya Scheinberg -- Russian-American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Kaye A. de Ruiz -- Mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Kaye Stacey -- Australian mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Kay Wingberg -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Kazimierz Abramowicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Kazimierz Cwojdzinski -- Polish mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Kazuhiko Aomoto -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kazuoki Azuma -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - K. C. Nag -- Indian mathematician (1893-1987)
Wikipedia - Kefeng Liu -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Keith Briggs (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Keith Edward Bullen -- Australian mathematician and geophysicist
Wikipedia - Keith Stroyan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Keith William Morton -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - Kelly Miller (scientist) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kengo Hirachi -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenjiro Shoda -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenji Ueno -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenkichi Iwasawa -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenneth Appel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenneth A. Ross -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenneth Brown (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenneth Davidson (mathematician) -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenneth G. Matheson -- American academic administrator
Wikipedia - Kenneth I. Gross -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenneth Kunen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenneth Millett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kenneth O. May -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ken Ono -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ken Ribet -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kentaro Yano (mathematician) -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kepler conjecture -- Mathematical theorem about sphere packing
Wikipedia - Kerim Erim -- Turkish mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Kerry Landman -- Australian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Kevin Buzzard -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Kevin Ford (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kevin McCrimmon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - K. G. Ramanathan -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Khalida Inayat Noor -- Pakistani mathematician
Wikipedia - Khanindra Chandra Chowdhury -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Kharkhana Zinda Tilismath -- Medicinal products
Wikipedia - Kharpa -- Village Development Committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Kieka Mynhardt -- South African and Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Kiger Stadium -- Stadium in Klamath Falls, Oregon
Wikipedia - Kiiti Morita -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kim-Chuan Toh -- Singaporean mathematician
Wikipedia - Kim Plofker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kim Yong-un -- South Korean mathematician and scholar
Wikipedia - King David (Stom) -- Painting by Mathias Stom
Wikipedia - Kinjil Mathur -- American entrepreneur and CMO of Squarespace
Wikipedia - Kiran Kedlaya -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kiran Matharu -- English golfer
Wikipedia - Kirsi Peltonen -- Finnish mathematician
Wikipedia - Kirsten EisentrM-CM-$ger -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kirsten Morris -- Canadian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Kirtley F. Mather -- American geologist
Wikipedia - Kiyoshi Igusa -- Japanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Klamath (microprocessor)
Wikipedia - Klamath people
Wikipedia - Klamath smallscale sucker -- Species of fish
Wikipedia - Klamath Termination Act
Wikipedia - Klara Dan von Neumann -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Klara Lobenstein -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Klaus Roth -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Klavdija Kutnar -- Slovene mathematician
Wikipedia - Klavdiya Latysheva -- Soviet mathematician
Wikipedia - KM-CM-$te Fenchel -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Knot theory -- Study of mathematical knots
Wikipedia - Koch snowflake -- Fractal and mathematical curve
Wikipedia - Kohji Matsumoto -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Koichiro Harada -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kokichi Sugihara -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Konrad Jorgens -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Konstantin Malkov -- American mathematician and businessman
Wikipedia - Korteweg-de Vries equation -- Mathematical model of waves on a shallow water surface
Wikipedia - KOTI (TV) -- NBC affiliate in Klamath Falls, Oregon
Wikipedia - K.Paramathy block -- Revenue block in India
Wikipedia - K. P. Mathur -- Politician
Wikipedia - K-regular sequence -- Mathematical sequence
Wikipedia - Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex -- Hindu Temple complex in Mathura, India believed as the place of birth of Krishna
Wikipedia - Krishna Mathoera -- Surinamese politician
Wikipedia - Krishnaswami Alladi -- Indian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kristen Nygaard -- Computer scientist, mathematician
Wikipedia - Kristian B. Dysthe -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Kristian Mathias Fimland -- Norwegian politician
Wikipedia - Kristina Reiss -- German mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Kruskal's tree theorem -- Mathematical theorem on well-quasi-ordering of finite trees
Wikipedia - Krystyna Kuperberg -- Polish-American mathematician
Wikipedia - K Sandeep -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - K. S. S. Nambooripad -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - K-theory -- Branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - K-trivial set -- Type of set in mathematics
Wikipedia - Kumathe -- Village in Maharashtra
Wikipedia - Kumiko Nishioka -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kunihiko Kodaira -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kunizo Yoneyama -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Kurt Godel -- logician and mathematician
Wikipedia - Kurt Hensel -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Kurt Johansson (mathematician) -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Kurt Leichtweiss -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Kurt Otto Friedrichs -- German American mathematician
Wikipedia - Kurt Reidemeister -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Kurt Strebel -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Kurushima Kinai -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - K. V. Kamath
Wikipedia - Ladislaus Chernac -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - La GM-CM-)omM-CM-)trie -- Mathematical appendix to Descartes' Discourse on Method, published in 1637
Wikipedia - La Haine -- 1995 film directed by Mathieu Kassovitz
Wikipedia - Lai-Sang Young -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lajos Martin -- Hungarian mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Lajos Posa (mathematician) -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lajos Takacs -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lalapati -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Lambda calculus -- Formal mathematical logic system centered on function abstractions and applications
Wikipedia - Lamberto Cesari -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lambert series -- Mathematical term
Wikipedia - Lam Lay Yong -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Lane P. Hughston -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Langlands-Deligne local constant -- Elementary function in mathematics
Wikipedia - Language of mathematics
Wikipedia - Lao Genevra Simons -- American mathematician, writer
Wikipedia - Lara Alcock -- British mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Larisa Maksimova -- Russian mathematical logician
Wikipedia - Larry Mathews -- American actor
Wikipedia - Larry Wos -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lars Edvard PhragmM-CM-)n -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Lars GM-CM-%rding -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Lars Hesselholt -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Lars Hormander -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Laszlo Lempert -- Hungarian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Laszlo Lovasz -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Laszlo Pyber -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Laszlo Ratz -- Hungarian mathematics teacher
Wikipedia - Lattice (order) -- Abstract structure studied in the mathematical subdisciplines of order theory and abstract algebra
Wikipedia - Laura Grigori -- French applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Laura Guggenbuhl -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Laura Martignon -- Colombian and Italian mathematician; lives in Germany
Wikipedia - Laura Miller (mathematical biologist) -- American mathematical biologist
Wikipedia - Laura Overdeck -- American maths education entrepreneur
Wikipedia - Laura Person -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Laura Pisati -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Laura Taalman -- US mathematics professor
Wikipedia - Laura Toti Rigatelli -- Italian historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Laurence Broze -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Laurent Clozel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Laurent Lafforgue -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Lauren Williams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Laure Saint-Raymond -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Laurette Tuckerman -- American mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Laurie Heyer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence Biedenharn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence C. Evans -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence Crawford (mathematician) -- Scottish mathematician (1867-1951)
Wikipedia - Lawrence C. Washington -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence G. Brown -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence L. Larmore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence Paul Horwitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence Schovanec -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence Shepp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lawrence Sirovich -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lazar Mathew -- Indian physician
Wikipedia - L. Christine Kinsey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leah Berman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leah Keshet -- Israeli-Canadian mathematical biologist
Wikipedia - Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath -- American documentary series
Wikipedia - Ledyard Tucker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lee Albert Rubel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lee Lorch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lee Stiff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leif Arkeryd -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Leila Schneps -- American mathematician and novelist
Wikipedia - L. E. J. Brouwer -- Dutch mathematician and logician
Wikipedia - Lemma (mathematics) -- Theorem used to prove more complex theorems
Wikipedia - Lemniscatic elliptic function -- Mathematical function
Wikipedia - Lenhard Ng -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leningrad Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Lennart Carleson -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Lenore Blum -- American computer scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Lenore Cowen -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Leo Corry -- Israeli historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Leo Harrington -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard Blumenthal -- Jewish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard Carlitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard E. Baum -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard Eugene Dickson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard Gillman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard Gross -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard James Rogers -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard Nelson -- German philosopher and mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonardo da Vinci -- Italian Renaissance polymath
Wikipedia - Leonard Sarason -- American composer, a pianist, and, mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonard Schulman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leon Bankoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leon Ehrenpreis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonhard Euler -- Swiss mathematician, physicist, and engineer (1707-1783)
Wikipedia - Leon Henkin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonidas Alaoglu -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonida Tonelli -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonid Kantorovich -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Leonid Levin -- Soviet-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leon (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Leon M. Lederman -- American mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Leon Takhtajan -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Leopold Kronecker -- German mathematician (1823-1891)
Wikipedia - Leopold Schmetterer -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Leo the Mathematician -- Byzantine philosopher, mathematician and logician
Wikipedia - Leroy F. Meyers -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leroy Milton Kelly -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leroy P. Steele Prize -- Awarded every year by the American Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Lesley Sibner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lesley Ward -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Leslie Cheng -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leslie Colin Woods -- New Zealand mathematician
Wikipedia - Leslie Greengard -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leslie Hogben -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leslie Mathews -- English cricketer and educator
Wikipedia - Leslie M. Smith -- American applied mathematician, mechanical engineer
Wikipedia - Less-than sign -- Mathematical symbol representing the relation "less than"
Wikipedia - Lester Dubins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lester R. Ford -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lester S. Hill -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Leticia Corral -- Mexican mathematician and materials scientist
Wikipedia - Letters to a Young Mathematician -- Book by Ian Stewart
Wikipedia - Levi L. Conant -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lev Kaluznin -- Soviet mathematician
Wikipedia - Lew Mathe -- American bridge player
Wikipedia - L'Hopital's rule -- Mathematical rule for evaluating certain limits
Wikipedia - Lia Bronsard -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Liao Shantao -- Chinese mathematician (1920-1997)
Wikipedia - Liber Abaci -- Mathematics book written in 1202 by Fibonacci
Wikipedia - Libertina Amathila -- Namibian physician and politician
Wikipedia - Lida Barrett -- American mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Liliana Borcea -- Romanian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lillian K. Bradley -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lillian Pierce -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lillian Rosanoff Lieber -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lily Serna -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Limit (mathematics) -- Value that a function or sequence "approaches" as the input or index approaches some value
Wikipedia - Lina Eckenstein -- German-British polymath and historian
Wikipedia - Linda B. Hayden -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Linda Gilbert Saucier -- American mathematician and textbook author
Wikipedia - Linda J. S. Allen -- Biomathematician from the United States
Wikipedia - Linda Keen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Linda Petzold -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Linda Preiss Rothschild -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Linear algebra -- Branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - Linear relation -- In mathematics, relation between elements of a ring or a module
Wikipedia - Ling Long (mathematician) -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lipman Bers -- Latvian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lipot Klug -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Li Rui (mathematician) -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Lisa Fauci -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lisa Goldberg -- Mathematical finance scholar and statistician
Wikipedia - Lisa Jeffrey -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lisa Lorentzen -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lisa Piccirillo -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lisa Sauermann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Lis Brack-Bernsen -- Danish and Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Lisette de Pillis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lisl Gaal -- Austrian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lissajous curve -- Mathematical curve outputted from a specific pair of parametric equations
Wikipedia - List of African-American mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of amateur mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of American mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of birds of the Klamath Basin -- Wikimedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Brazilian mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Cambridge mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of centenarians (scientists and mathematicians) -- Wikimedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Chinese mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of continuity-related mathematical topics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of craters on Mathilde -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of disproved mathematical ideas -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of female mathematicians
Wikipedia - List of films about mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of former toponyms in Imathia Prefecture -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of German mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Greek mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of historic buildings in Klamath Falls, Oregon -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Hungarian mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of important publications in mathematics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Indian mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of International Congresses of Mathematicians Plenary and Invited Speakers -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of International Mathematical Olympiads -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Iranian mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Italian mathematicians -- Wikimedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Jewish American mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Jewish mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of letters used in mathematics and science -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of long mathematical proofs -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Martin Gardner Mathematical Games columns -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical abbreviations -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical artists -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical examples -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical functions -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical identities -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical jargon -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical knots and links -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical logic topics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical physics journals -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical probabilists -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical proofs -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical properties of points -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical series -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical shapes -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical societies -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical symbols by subject -- Wikipedia list of math symbols organized by subject
Wikipedia - List of mathematical symbols
Wikipedia - List of mathematical symbols -- -- List of mathematical symbols --
Wikipedia - List of mathematical theories -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical topics in classical mechanics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical topics in quantum theory -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematical topics in relativity -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematician-politicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematicians born in the 19th century -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematicians, physicians, and scientists educated at Jesus College, Oxford -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematicians
Wikipedia - List of mathematic operators -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematics articles
Wikipedia - List of mathematics awards -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematics-based methods -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematics competitions -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematics education journals -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematics history topics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematics lists
Wikipedia - List of mathematics reference tables -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of mathematics topics
Wikipedia - List of members of the National Academy of Sciences (Applied mathematical sciences)
Wikipedia - List of members of the National Academy of Sciences (Mathematics)
Wikipedia - List of open-source software for mathematics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of order structures in mathematics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of parks in Klamath Falls, Oregon -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Pickands Mather ships -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Polish mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of presidents of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Russian mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Slovenian mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of types of functions -- List of functions in mathematics
Wikipedia - List of Ukrainian mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of unsolved problems in mathematics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of vector spaces in mathematics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Welsh mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of women in mathematics -- Wikimedia list article
Wikipedia - Lists of mathematicians -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - Lists of mathematics topics -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - Literal (mathematical logic)
Wikipedia - Liu Xin (scholar) -- Chinese astronomer, mathematician, historian, librarian and politician (c. 50 BCE-23CE)
Wikipedia - LiveMath
Wikipedia - Lizhen Ji -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Llewellyn Thomas -- British physicist and applied mathematician of Thomas precession fame
Wikipedia - Lloyd Dines -- American-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lloyd Shapley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - LM-CM-* ThM-aM-;M-^K Thanh Nhan -- Vietnamese mathematician
Wikipedia - Locus (mathematics) -- Set of points that satisfy some specified conditions
Wikipedia - Lodovico Ferrari -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Logicism -- Programme in the philosophy of mathematics
Wikipedia - Lois Curfman McInnes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lois Wilfred Griffiths -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lokenath Debnath -- Indian American mathematician
Wikipedia - LoM-CM-/c Merel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - London Institute for Mathematical Sciences -- Education organization in London, United Kingdom
Wikipedia - London Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Lorenz Magaard -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lorenzo Mascheroni -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lori E. Dodd -- American mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Lorraine Foster -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lothar Collatz -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Lothar Gottsche -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Lotte Hollands -- Dutch mathematician and mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Louis Antoine -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Auslander -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Bachelier -- French pioneer in mathematical economics
Wikipedia - Louis Billera -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis CarrM-CM-) (mathematician) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Charles Karpinski -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Crelier -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis de Branges de Bourcia -- French American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louise Doris Adams -- British mathematics educator and school inspector
Wikipedia - Louise Duffield Cummings -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louise Hay (mathematician) -- French-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louise Nixon Sutton -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louise PetrM-CM-)n-Overton -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis J. Gross -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Kauffman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Kollros -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Lazarus Silverman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Leithold -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Napoleon George Filon -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Nirenberg -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Norberg Howard -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Louis Shapiro (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Love, Math and Sex -- 1997 Film
Wikipedia - Lovisa Mathilda Nettelbladt -- Swedish writer
Wikipedia - Lowell E. Jones -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lowell Schoenfeld -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - L. R. Ford Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lucasian Professor of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Luchezar L. Avramov -- Bulgarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lucia Caporaso -- Italian mathematician & academic
Wikipedia - Lucien BirgM-CM-) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Lucien Godeaux -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lucien Szpiro -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Lucjan Bottcher -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Luc Mathieu -- French journalist
Wikipedia - Lucy Campbell (mathematician) -- Applied mathematician and numerical analyst
Wikipedia - Lucy Joan Slater -- British mathematician (1922-2008)
Wikipedia - Lucy R. Wyatt -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Ludovic Mathieu -- French speed skater
Wikipedia - Ludvig Oppermann -- Danish mathematician and philologist
Wikipedia - Ludwig Bieberbach -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ludwig Danzer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ludwig Mehlhorn -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ludwig SchlM-CM-$fli -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Ludwig Stickelberger -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Ludwig Wittgenstein's philosophy of mathematics
Wikipedia - Luigi Berzolari -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Luigi Cremona -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Luigi Fantappie -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Luigi Sante Da Rios -- Italian physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Luis Caffarelli -- Argentine mathematician
Wikipedia - Lukas Mathies -- Austrian snowboarder
Wikipedia - Luke Drury (astrophysicist) -- Irish mathematician and astrophysicist
Wikipedia - Luke's variational principle -- Mathematical description of the motion of surface waves on a fluid with a free surface, under the action of gravity.
Wikipedia - Luminita Vese -- Romanian professor of mathematics
Wikipedia - Luther P. Eisenhart -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - L. W. Beineke -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lww School of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Lynn Batten -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Lynne Butler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lynne H. Walling -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lynne McClure -- British mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Lynn Steen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Lyudmila Keldysh -- Soviet mathematician
Wikipedia - Maarconi Mathaai -- 2019 Malayalam film directed by Sanil Kalathil
Wikipedia - Mabel Gweneth Humphreys -- Canadian-American mathematician and academic
Wikipedia - Mabel Minerva Young -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maciej Zworski -- Polish-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mackenzie Weygandt Mathis -- American neuroscientist
Wikipedia - Mackey space -- Mathematics concept
Wikipedia - MacTutor History of Mathematics archive -- Online resource containing biographies of mathematicians
Wikipedia - Madar, Nepal -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Madeleine Mathiot -- American linguist
Wikipedia - Maeve McCarthy -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Magdalena Moujan -- Mathematician and author
Wikipedia - Magda Peligrad -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Magdolna Zimanyi -- Hungarian mathematician, computer scientist
Wikipedia - Maggie Cheng -- Applied mathematician, computer scientist, and network scientist
Wikipedia - Magic circle (mathematics) -- Arrangement of natural numbers on circles where the sum of the numbers on each circle and the sum of numbers on diameter are identical
Wikipedia - Magnhild Lien -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Magnitude (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Magnus Hestenes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Magnus Wenninger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Magroor (1950 film) -- 1950 film directed by R.D. Mathur
Wikipedia - Maheshpur Patari -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Mahilara Sarkar Math -- archaeological site located in Barishal District
Wikipedia - MahavM-DM-+ra (mathematician) -- 9th-century Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Maia Martcheva -- Bulgarian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mai Gehrke -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Maina Kaderi -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Maina Sahasrabahu -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Majhaura -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Malabika Pramanik -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Male Homosexuality in Four Societies -- 1985 book by Frederick L. Whitam and Robin Mathy
Wikipedia - Malgorzata Dubiel -- Polish mathematician and mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Malliavin's absolute continuity lemma -- Result due to the French mathematician Paul Malliavin that plays a foundational role in the regularity theorems of the Malliavin calculus
Wikipedia - Malwina Luczak -- Polish-Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mamatha Poojary -- Indian kabaddi player
Wikipedia - Manasukkul Mathappu -- 1988 film directed by Robert-Rajasekar
Wikipedia - Mandelbrot set -- Fractal named after mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot
Wikipedia - Manfred Einsiedler -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Manfred W. Padberg -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Mangala Narlikar -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Manjul Bhargava -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Manmohan Mathur -- Indian politician
Wikipedia - Map (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Mapping (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Mara Alagic -- Serbian mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Mara Mather -- American psychologist
Wikipedia - Mara Neusel -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Marc Culler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marcel Berger -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marcel GuM-CM-)nin -- Swiss mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Marcia Ascher -- American ethnomathematician
Wikipedia - Marcia Groszek -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marcia P. Sward -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marc Krasner -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marc Levine (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marco Abate -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marcos Dajczer -- Argentine-born Brazilian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marc Rieffel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marcus Jordanus -- Danish cartographer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Marc van Leeuwen -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Marcy Barge -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marc Zamansky -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marek Kuczma -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Bayer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Brown (mathematics educator) -- British mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Margaret Cheney -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Clement -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Margarete Kahn -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Greig -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Gurney -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Hamilton (software engineer) -- American NASA scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Hayman -- British mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Margaret K. Butler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Maxfield -- American mathematician and maths book author
Wikipedia - Margaret Meyer -- British mathematical-astronomer
Wikipedia - Margaret M. Robinson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Rayner -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Margaret Wiecek -- Polish-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Margherita Piazzola Beloch -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marginal value theorem -- Mathematical model of animal foraging behavior
Wikipedia - Margit Rosler -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Margit Voigt -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Marguerite Frank -- American-French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marguerite Lehr -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Andrea Casamayor -- Spanish mathematician and teacher
Wikipedia - Maria Angela Ardinghelli -- Italian mathematician, physicist, and translator
Wikipedia - Maria Assumpcio Catala i Poch -- Spanish mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Maria Bruna -- Spanish applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria-Carme Calderer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Chudnovsky -- Mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Maria Cristina Villalobos -- American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Deijfen -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Emelianenko -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria E. Schonbek -- Argentine-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Eulalia Vares -- Brazilian mathematical statistician and probability theorist
Wikipedia - Maria Gaetana Agnesi -- Italian mathematician and philanthropist
Wikipedia - Maria Gordina -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Hasse -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Heep-Altiner -- German mathematician (b. 1959)
Wikipedia - Maria Hoffmann-Ostenhof -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria J. Esteban -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Korovina -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mariam al-Asturlabi -- Syrian scientist, mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Maria Manzano -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Marianna Csornyei -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marian Pour-El -- American mathematical logician
Wikipedia - Marian P. Roque -- Filipina mathematician
Wikipedia - Marian Rejewski -- Polish mathematician and cryptologist (1905-1980)
Wikipedia - Maria Pastori -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria-Pia Geppert -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Maria Reiche -- Peruvian archaeologist, mathematician and technical translator
Wikipedia - Marie-Alexandrine Mathieu -- French artist
Wikipedia - Marie A. Vitulli -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie Charpentier -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie-Claude Gaudel -- French mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Marie Crous -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie Farge -- French mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Marie-France VignM-CM-)ras -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie Francoise Ouedraogo -- BurkinabM-CM-) mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie-Francoise Roy -- French mathematician and academic
Wikipedia - Marie Gernet -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie-HM-CM-)lene Schwartz -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie Litzinger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Marie-Louise Michelsohn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mariel Vazquez -- Mexican mathematical biologist
Wikipedia - Marie Rognes -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mariette Yvinec -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Mari-Jo P. Ruiz -- Filipina mathematician
Wikipedia - Marilda Sotomayor -- Brazilian mathematician and economist
Wikipedia - Marilia Chaves Peixoto -- Brazilian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marilyn Breen -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Marilyn Strutchens -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marina Logares -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Marina Ratner -- Russian mathematician (1938-2017)
Wikipedia - Marin Mersenne -- French polymath
Wikipedia - Marino Pannelli -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marion Cameron Gray -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Marion Elizabeth Stark -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marion Lee Johnson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marion Scheepers -- (b.1957) South African-born mathematician at Boise State University
Wikipedia - Marion Walter -- German-born mathematician & academic
Wikipedia - Mario Pascal -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marius Crainic -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mariusz Lemanczyk -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Mariya Shcherbina -- Ukrainian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marjorie Batchelor -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marjorie Devaney -- American mathematician, electrical engineer, and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Marjorie Lee Browne -- American mathematician, educator
Wikipedia - Marjorie Rice -- American amateur mathematician
Wikipedia - Marjorie Senechal -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marjorie V. Butcher -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mark Braverman (mathematician) -- Israeli mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Mark Goresky -- Canadian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mark Gross (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mark Haiman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mark J. Ablowitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mark Mahowald -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marko PetkovM-EM-!ek -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marko Tadic -- Croatian mathematician
Wikipedia - Markov chain -- Mathematical system
Wikipedia - Mark Ronan -- British American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mark Sapir -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mark Tomforde -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mark Vishik -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marlis Hochbruck -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Mar Mathew Makil
Wikipedia - Marshall Hall (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marshall Harvey Stone -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marston Conder -- New Zealand mathematician
Wikipedia - Marston Morse -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marta Civil -- American mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Marta Lewicka -- Polish-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marta Macho Stadler -- Spanish mathematics and scientific disseminator
Wikipedia - Marta Sanz-SolM-CM-) -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Marta SvM-CM-)d -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Martha Isabel FandiM-CM-1o Pinilla -- Colombian and Italian mathematician and author
Wikipedia - Martha Siegel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Aigner -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Martina ZM-CM-$hle -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Barner -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin David Kruskal -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Davis (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Demaine -- American artist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Martine QueffM-CM-)lec -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Feinberg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Grotschel -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Hairer -- Austrian-British mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Haspelmath
Wikipedia - Martin Isaacs -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Kneser -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Kutta -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Lo -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Mathias Secor -- 19th century American businessman and politician, 28th and 31st Mayor of Racine, Wisconsin.
Wikipedia - Martin Ohm -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Martin Scharlemann -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marton Balazs -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Marty Golubitsky -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marvin Greenberg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marvin Knopp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marvin Stein (computer scientist) -- Jewish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Marwar Mathania railway station -- Railway station in Jodhpur district, Rajasthan
Wikipedia - Maryam Mirzakhani -- 21st-century Iranian mathematician
Wikipedia - Maryanne Tipler -- New Zealand mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Maryanthe Malliaris -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Beth Ruskai -- American mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Mary Bradburn -- British mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Mary Cannell -- English historian of mathematical physics
Wikipedia - Mary Celine Fasenmyer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Cleophas Garvin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Cordia Karl -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Deconge -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary de Lellis Gough -- Irish-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Domitilla Thuener -- Nun and mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Edwards (human computer) -- British mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Mary-Elizabeth Hamstrom -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Esther Trueblood -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Everest Boole -- Author of didactic works on mathematics
Wikipedia - Mary Flahive -- Professor of mathematics
Wikipedia - Mary Frances Winston Newson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Graustein -- American mathematician and academic
Wikipedia - Mary Jackson (engineer) -- American mathematician and aerospace engineer
Wikipedia - Mary Kay Stein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary L. Boas -- American mathematician and physics professor
Wikipedia - Mary Lee Woods -- British mathematician and computer programmer
Wikipedia - Mary Leontius Schulte -- American mathematician, mathematical historian and nun
Wikipedia - Mary Lou Zeeman -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary McCammon -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Maryna Viazovska -- Ukrainian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary N. Torrey -- Mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Mary P. Dolciani -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Perry Smith -- American mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Mary Pugh -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Rees -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Schaps -- Israeli mathematician and novelist
Wikipedia - Mary Shore Walker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Silber -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Tsingou -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary W. Gray -- American mathematician, statistician, and lawyer
Wikipedia - Mary Wheeler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mary Wynne Warner -- Welsh mathematician
Wikipedia - Masanori Ohya -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Masatake Kuranishi -- Japanese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Masatoshi Gunduz Ikeda -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Masayoshi Nagata -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Mashallah ibn Athari -- Persian mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Mason Porter -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mata Amritanandamayi Math
Wikipedia - Matei Machedon -- Romanian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Matest M. Agrest -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Math 55
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Wikipedia - Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art
Wikipedia - Mathai Joseph
Wikipedia - Mathai Varghese
Wikipedia - Mathanavelu Pillai -- Indian playwright, actor and producer
Wikipedia - Mathapelo Siwisa -- South African politician
Wikipedia - Mathara in Numidia -- Diocese
Wikipedia - Mathar Bunnag -- Thai architect
Wikipedia - Mathar Kula Manikkam -- 1956 film by Tatineni Prakash Rao
Wikipedia - Matha Strait -- Strait in Antarctica
Wikipedia - Mathas
Wikipedia - Mathaux -- Commune in Grand Est, France
Wikipedia - Matha -- Hindu monastery
Wikipedia - Mathcad
Wikipedia - Math co-processor
Wikipedia - MATHCOUNTS
Wikipedia - Math Curse -- Book by Jon Scieszka
Wikipedia - Mathegujar -- Village in Maharashtra
Wikipedia - Mathemagician -- A mathematician and magician
Wikipedia - Mathematica Applicanda -- Journal covering applied mathematics
Wikipedia - Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond
Wikipedia - Mathematica (disambiguation)
Wikipedia - Mathematical algorithm
Wikipedia - Mathematical analysis -- Branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - Mathematical and theoretical biology -- Branch of biology which employs theoretical analysis, mathematical models and abstractions of the living organisms
Wikipedia - Mathematical anti-realism
Wikipedia - Mathematical Association of America -- American organization that focuses on undergraduate-level mathematics
Wikipedia - Mathematical Association
Wikipedia - Mathematical beauty -- Notion that some mathematicians may derive aesthetic pleasure from mathematics
Wikipedia - Mathematical biologist
Wikipedia - Mathematical biology
Wikipedia - Mathematical Centre
Wikipedia - Mathematical chemistry
Wikipedia - Mathematical coincidence -- A coincidence in mathematics
Wikipedia - Mathematical conjecture
Wikipedia - Mathematical constant -- Fixed number that has received a name
Wikipedia - Mathematical constructivism
Wikipedia - Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field
Wikipedia - Mathematical diagram
Wikipedia - Mathematical distribution
Wikipedia - Mathematical economics
Wikipedia - Mathematical economist
Wikipedia - Mathematical education
Wikipedia - Mathematical empiricism
Wikipedia - Mathematical expression
Wikipedia - Mathematical fallacy -- A certain type of mistaken proof
Wikipedia - Mathematical fictionalism
Wikipedia - Mathematical finance
Wikipedia - Mathematical folklore
Wikipedia - Mathematical formulae
Wikipedia - Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
Wikipedia - Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model -- The mathematics of a particle physics model
Wikipedia - Mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics
Wikipedia - Mathematical formula
Wikipedia - Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science
Wikipedia - Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics -- Book by John von Neumann
Wikipedia - Mathematical functions
Wikipedia - Mathematical function
Wikipedia - Mathematical Games (column)
Wikipedia - Mathematical Games column
Wikipedia - Mathematical geography
Wikipedia - Mathematical geophysics -- Mathematical methods for geophysics
Wikipedia - Mathematical induction -- Form of mathematical proof
Wikipedia - Mathematical infinity
Wikipedia - Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford
Wikipedia - Mathematical Intelligencer
Wikipedia - Mathematical intuitionism
Wikipedia - Mathematical joke -- Humor about mathematics or mathematicians
Wikipedia - Mathematical Kangaroo -- International mathematics competition
Wikipedia - Mathematical linguistics
Wikipedia - Mathematical logic -- Subfield of mathematics
Wikipedia - Mathematically
Wikipedia - Mathematical markup language
Wikipedia - Mathematical maturity
Wikipedia - Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences -- Book by Mary L. Boas
Wikipedia - Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics -- Mathematics book first published in Russian in 1974
Wikipedia - Mathematical modeling
Wikipedia - Mathematical model of computation
Wikipedia - Mathematical Models (Cundy and Rollett)
Wikipedia - Mathematical models of social learning
Wikipedia - Mathematical models
Wikipedia - Mathematical model -- Description of a system using mathematical concepts and language
Wikipedia - Mathematical multiverse hypothesis
Wikipedia - Mathematical notation
Wikipedia - Mathematical object -- Anything that can be mathematically defined and with which reasoning is possible
Wikipedia - Mathematical Optimization Society
Wikipedia - Mathematical optimization software
Wikipedia - Mathematical optimization -- Study of mathematical algorithms for optimization problems
Wikipedia - Mathematical origami
Wikipedia - Mathematical philosophy (disambiguation)
Wikipedia - Mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Mathematical physics -- Application of mathematical methods to problems in physics
Wikipedia - Mathematical Platonism
Wikipedia - Mathematical platonism
Wikipedia - Mathematical practice
Wikipedia - Mathematical problem
Wikipedia - Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
Wikipedia - Mathematical Programming Society
Wikipedia - Mathematical programming
Wikipedia - Mathematical proof -- Rigorous demonstration that a mathematical statement follows from its premises
Wikipedia - Mathematical psychology
Wikipedia - Mathematical realism
Wikipedia - Mathematical recreations
Wikipedia - Mathematical Research Institute of Oberwolfach
Wikipedia - Mathematical Reviews -- Scientific journal
Wikipedia - Mathematical Sciences Research Institute -- Research institute
Wikipedia - Mathematical sciences -- Group of areas of study that are primarily mathematical
Wikipedia - Mathematical Science
Wikipedia - Mathematical science
Wikipedia - Mathematical sculpture
Wikipedia - Mathematical series
Wikipedia - Mathematical singularity
Wikipedia - Mathematical sociology
Wikipedia - Mathematical software
Wikipedia - Mathematical statistics
Wikipedia - Mathematical structuralism
Wikipedia - Mathematical structure
Wikipedia - Mathematical system theory
Wikipedia - Mathematical table
Wikipedia - Mathematical theorem
Wikipedia - Mathematical theory of democracy -- Social choice theories
Wikipedia - Mathematical theory -- Mathematical model that is based on axioms
Wikipedia - Mathematical Tripos
Wikipedia - Mathematical truth
Wikipedia - Mathematical universe hypothesis
Wikipedia - Mathematical visualization
Wikipedia - Mathematical
Wikipedia - Mathematica Policy Research
Wikipedia - Mathematica
Wikipedia - Mathematicians in Love
Wikipedia - Mathematicians
Wikipedia - Mathematician -- Person with an extensive knowledge of mathematics
Wikipedia - Mathematicism
Wikipedia - Mathematics and architecture
Wikipedia - Mathematics and art -- Relationship between mathematics and art
Wikipedia - Mathematics and fiber arts
Wikipedia - Mathematics and the Search for Knowledge -- Book by Morris Kline
Wikipedia - Mathematics as a language
Wikipedia - Mathematics disorder
Wikipedia - Mathematics education in the United States -- Overview of mathematics education in the United States
Wikipedia - Mathematics education -- Mathematics teaching, learning and scholarly research
Wikipedia - Mathematics, Engineering, Science Achievement -- Academic preparation program for pre-college
Wikipedia - Mathematics Genealogy Project -- Web-based database for the academic genealogy of mathematicians
Wikipedia - Mathematics in India
Wikipedia - Mathematics in medieval Islam
Wikipedia - Mathematics Magazine
Wikipedia - Mathematics of artificial neural networks
Wikipedia - Mathematics of Computation
Wikipedia - Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems
Wikipedia - Mathematics of cyclic redundancy checks -- Methods of error detection and correction in communications
Wikipedia - Mathematics of general relativity -- Mathematical structures and techniques used in the theory of general relativity.
Wikipedia - Mathematics of paper folding -- Overview about the mathematics of paper folding
Wikipedia - Mathematics of Sudoku -- Mathematical investigation of Sudoku
Wikipedia - Mathematics Subject Classification -- Alphanumerical classification scheme used by many mathematics journals
Wikipedia - Mathematics: The Loss of Certainty -- Book by Morris Kline
Wikipedia - Mathematics Tripos
Wikipedia - Mathematics -- Field of study
Wikipedia - Mathematika
Wikipedia - Mathematisch Centrum
Wikipedia - Mathematische Annalen
Wikipedia - Mathematische Zeitschrift
Wikipedia - Matheme
Wikipedia - Mathenauts: Tales of Mathematical Wonder
Wikipedia - Mathenay -- Commune in Bourgogne-Franche-ComtM-CM-), France
Wikipedia - Mather High School
Wikipedia - Mather House (Harvard College) -- Residential House of Harvard College
Wikipedia - Mathers Bridge -- Bridge in Florida, United States of America
Wikipedia - Mathers Museum of World Cultures -- World Cultures
Wikipedia - Mather Stock Car Company -- Rolling stock manufacturer
Wikipedia - Mather Zickel -- American actor
Wikipedia - Mathesis universalis
Wikipedia - Matheson Bayley -- British musician
Wikipedia - Matheson History Museum -- History museum in Gainesville, Florida
Wikipedia - Matheson Lang -- Canadian actor
Wikipedia - Matheson (law firm) -- Irish corporate law firm
Wikipedia - Mathe's sign -- Medical sign for perinephric abscess
Wikipedia - Matheteus -- Genus of beetles
Wikipedia - Matheus Alueendo -- Namibian military officer
Wikipedia - Matheus & Kauan -- Brazilian pop group
Wikipedia - Matheus de Sancto Johanne
Wikipedia - Matheus Nicolau -- Brazilian mixed martial arts fighter
Wikipedia - Mathew Ahmann -- American Catholic layman and civil rights activist
Wikipedia - Mathew Alpern -- American physiologist
Wikipedia - Mathew Anden -- German actor
Wikipedia - Mathew Anikuzhikattil -- 21st-century Indian Catholic bishop
Wikipedia - Mathew Batsiua -- Nauruan politician
Wikipedia - Mathew Baynton -- English actor, writer, comedian, singer, and musician
Wikipedia - Mathew Belcher -- Australian sailor
Wikipedia - Mathew Bevan -- British computer hacker
Wikipedia - Mathew Bose -- Indian-British actor
Wikipedia - Mathew Brady -- American photographer
Wikipedia - Mathew Camm -- Canadian curler from Cornwall, Ontario
Wikipedia - Mathew Carey -- American publisher and economist
Wikipedia - Mathew Charles Lamb -- Canadian spree killer (1948-1976)
Wikipedia - Mathew Cullen -- American music video and film director
Wikipedia - Mathew Cuthbert -- South African politician
Wikipedia - Mathew de Redman -- English politician
Wikipedia - Mathew de Sechnan -- 13th-century English politician
Wikipedia - Mathew Goggin -- Australian professional golfer
Wikipedia - Mathew Harris -- Canadian male curler
Wikipedia - Mathew Hayman -- Australian road bicycle racer
Wikipedia - Mathew Helm -- Australian diver
Wikipedia - Mathew Hintz -- American painter
Wikipedia - Mathew Horne -- English actor
Wikipedia - Mathew H. Ritchey House -- Historic home in Missouri
Wikipedia - Mathew Kadalikkattil
Wikipedia - Mathew Kavukattu
Wikipedia - Mathew Knowles -- American music executive
Wikipedia - Mathew L. Golsteyn -- United States Army officer
Wikipedia - Mathew Madsen -- New Zealand weightlifter
Wikipedia - Mathew Makil
Wikipedia - Mathew Masonwells -- Australian archer
Wikipedia - Mathew Mossburg -- American politician
Wikipedia - Mathew Nabwiso -- Ugandan actor
Wikipedia - Mathew Samuel -- Indian journalist
Wikipedia - Mathews Bridge -- Bridge in Florida, United States of America
Wikipedia - Mathews Mar Athanasius Metropolitan
Wikipedia - Mathewson Point -- Headland of Antarctica
Wikipedia - Mathews Phosa -- South African politician
Wikipedia - Mathews Punza -- Zambian judoka
Wikipedia - Mathew St. Patrick -- American actor
Wikipedia - Mathew Street
Wikipedia - Mathew Thomas -- Indian actor
Wikipedia - Mathew Wollmann -- American politician
Wikipedia - Math Girls -- Book by Hiroshi YM-EM-+ki
Wikipedia - Math.h
Wikipedia - Mathias Balen -- Dutch historian
Wikipedia - Mathias Barrett
Wikipedia - Mathias Bau Hansen -- Danish professional ice hockey forward
Wikipedia - Mathias Behounek -- German snowboarder
Wikipedia - Mathias Bidstrup -- Danish architect
Wikipedia - Mathias Blad -- Swedish actor and singer, mainly
Wikipedia - Mathias Broothaerts -- Belgian athletics competitor
Wikipedia - Mathias Brugger -- German track and field athlete
Wikipedia - Mathias Brugman -- Puerto Rican activist
Wikipedia - Mathias Chikawe -- Tanzanian politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Claus -- German jazz pianist and composer
Wikipedia - Mathias Cormann -- Australian politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Dahlgren -- Swedish chef
Wikipedia - Mathias De Clercq -- Flemish politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Denman -- Ohio pioneer
Wikipedia - Mathias Dzon -- Congolese politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Erang -- Luxembourgian gymnast
Wikipedia - Mathias Frank -- Swiss road bicycle racer
Wikipedia - Mathias Franz Graf von Chorinsky Freiherr von Ledske -- Czech bishop
Wikipedia - Mathias Gallo Cassarino -- Italian Muay Thai fighter
Wikipedia - Mathias Glomnes -- Norwegian sports shooter
Wikipedia - Mathias GnM-CM-$dinger -- Swiss actor
Wikipedia - Mathias Hauzeur
Wikipedia - Mathias Heinicke -- Bohemian violin maker
Wikipedia - Mathias Herrmann -- German actor
Wikipedia - Mathias Jamtvedt -- Norwegian gymnast
Wikipedia - Mathias J. Hoven -- American mayor
Wikipedia - Mathias Jucker -- Swiss neuroscientist (b. 1961)
Wikipedia - Mathias Jung -- East German biathlete
Wikipedia - Mathias Klotz -- Chilean architect
Wikipedia - Mathias Kneissl (film) -- 1971 film
Wikipedia - Mathias Kwame Ntow -- Ghanaian politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Larsen Blilie -- Norwegian politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Lauridsen -- Danish male model
Wikipedia - Mathias Logelin -- Luxembourgian gymnast
Wikipedia - Mathias Loras
Wikipedia - Mathias Lundholm -- Swedish violinist and conductor
Wikipedia - Mathias Mabergs -- Swedish male curler
Wikipedia - Mathias Matthies -- German art director
Wikipedia - Mathias Mbundu -- Namibian politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Mester -- German Paralympic athlete
Wikipedia - Mathias Middelberg -- German politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Nilsson -- British chemist
Wikipedia - Mathias Pachler -- Danish singer
Wikipedia - Mathias Payer -- Liechtensteinian computer scientist
Wikipedia - Mathias Rust -- German activist, landed a plane near Red Square in Moscow in 1987
Wikipedia - Mathias Salas -- Papua New Guinean politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Sandorf (1921 film) -- 1921 film
Wikipedia - Mathias Shryock -- American architect
Wikipedia - Mathias Sommerhielm -- Danish-Norwegian politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Spahlinger -- German composer
Wikipedia - Mathias Stein -- German politician
Wikipedia - Mathias Tallberg -- Finnish sailor
Wikipedia - Mathias Villasanti -- Es un futbolista paraguayo
Wikipedia - Mathias VostM-CM-) -- Belgian speed skater
Wikipedia - Mathias Weishaupt -- Luxembourgian gymnast
Wikipedia - Mathias Zahradka -- Austrian weightlifter
Wikipedia - Mathibeli Mokhothu -- Mosotho politician
Wikipedia - Mathieson Jacoby -- Australian politician and winemaker
Wikipedia - Mathieu Amalric -- French actor and filmmaker
Wikipedia - Mathieua -- Species of plant
Wikipedia - Mathieu Bastareaud -- French rugby union centre
Wikipedia - Mathieu Biazizzo -- French slalom canoeist
Wikipedia - Mathieu Bilodeau -- Canadian racewalker
Wikipedia - Mathieu Blanchette -- Canadian Paralympic athlete
Wikipedia - Mathieu Bock-CotM-CM-) -- Canadian journalist, columnist and essayist
Wikipedia - Mathieu Boogaerts -- French singer-songwriter
Wikipedia - Mathieu Bozzetto -- French snowboarder
Wikipedia - Mathieu Carriere -- German actor
Wikipedia - Mathieu Cossou -- French karateka
Wikipedia - Mathieu Criaerd -- French master cabinetmaker
Wikipedia - Mathieu CrM-CM-)pel -- French snowboarder
Wikipedia - Mathieu Demy -- French actor, film director and producer
Wikipedia - Mathieu Doby -- French-born Belgian slalom canoeist
Wikipedia - Mathieu Dreyfus -- Alsatian Jewish industrialist and brother of Alfred Dreyfus
Wikipedia - Mathieu Drujon -- French road bicycle
Wikipedia - Mathieu Ferland -- Canadian video game producer
Wikipedia - Mathieu Ficheroux -- Dutch artist
Wikipedia - Mathieu Giroux -- Canadian speed skater
Wikipedia - Mathieu Goubel -- French canoeist
Wikipedia - Mathieu group M12
Wikipedia - Mathieu groupoid
Wikipedia - Mathieu Justafre -- French snowboarder
Wikipedia - Mathieu Kessels -- Dutch sculptor
Wikipedia - Mathieu Koffi M'Broh -- Ivorian canoeist
Wikipedia - Mathieu Lange -- German conductor
Wikipedia - Mathieu Lemoine -- French equestrian
Wikipedia - Mathieu LM-CM-)veillM-CM-) -- Canadian executioner
Wikipedia - Mathieu Loicq -- Belgian para table tennis
Wikipedia - Mathieu Marie de Lesseps -- French equestrian
Wikipedia - Mathieu Marineau -- Canadian weightlifter
Wikipedia - Mathieu Mille -- French ice hockey defenceman
Wikipedia - Mathieu Pacaud -- French chef
Wikipedia - Mathieu Parent -- Canadian Paralympic athlete
Wikipedia - Mathieu Schiller -- French bodyboarder
Wikipedia - Mathieu Schneider
Wikipedia - Mathieu Tenant de la Tour -- French WWI flying ace (1883-1917)
Wikipedia - Mathieu Turcotte -- Canadian short-track speed skater
Wikipedia - Mathieu Turgeon -- Canadian trampoline gymnast
Wikipedia - Mathijs Bouman -- Dutch economist and journalist
Wikipedia - Mathilda Campbell, Duchess of Argyll -- Scottish noblewoman
Wikipedia - Mathilda Ebeling -- Swedish operatic soprano
Wikipedia - Mathilda May -- French actress
Wikipedia - Mathildana newmanella -- Species of moth
Wikipedia - Mathildana -- Genus of moths
Wikipedia - Mathilda (novella)
Wikipedia - Mathilda Paradeiser -- Swedish actress
Wikipedia - Mathilda Twomey -- Seychellois lawyer and academic
Wikipedia - Mathilde, Abbess of Essen
Wikipedia - Mathilde AndrouM-CM-+t -- French politician
Wikipedia - Mathilde Auguez -- French soprano
Wikipedia - Mathilde Baring -- American actress
Wikipedia - Mathilde Bataille -- French gymnast
Wikipedia - Mathilde Bensaude -- Portuguese phytopathologist and mycologist
Wikipedia - Mathilde Blind
Wikipedia - Mathilde Bonnefoy -- French film editor and director
Wikipedia - Mathilde Brundage -- American actress
Wikipedia - Mathilde Carmen Hertz -- German biologist
Wikipedia - Mathilde Comont -- French actress
Wikipedia - Mathilde de Kerangat -- French sailor
Wikipedia - Mathilde Esch -- Austrian genre painter
Wikipedia - Mathilde Fibiger -- Danish feminist, novelist, and telegraphist
Wikipedia - Mathilde Franck -- Pioneering French aviator
Wikipedia - Mathilde Frohlich -- Austrian soprano
Wikipedia - Mathilde GM-CM-)ron -- French sailor
Wikipedia - Mathilde Halse -- Danish curler
Wikipedia - Mathilde Julia Frachon -- French model
Wikipedia - Mathilde Krim
Wikipedia - Mathilde Kschessinska
Wikipedia - Mathilde Lamolle -- French sport shooter
Wikipedia - Mathilde Lange -- American biologist
Wikipedia - Mathilde Laurent -- French perfumer
Wikipedia - Mathilde Malling Hauschultz -- pioneering Danish female politician
Wikipedia - Mathilde Marchesi -- German mezzo-soprano
Wikipedia - Mathilde Mukantabana -- Rwandan diplomat, ambassador to the US
Wikipedia - Mathilde Nielsen -- Danish actress
Wikipedia - Mathilde Norholt -- Danish actress
Wikipedia - Mathilde Panot -- French politician
Wikipedia - Mathilde Pichery -- French canoeist
Wikipedia - Mathilde Puchberger -- Austrian hurdler
Wikipedia - Mathilde Rosa -- Italian canoeist
Wikipedia - Mathilde (song) -- 1966 song by Jacques Brel
Wikipedia - Mathilde Sussin -- Austrian actress
Wikipedia - Mathilde Tybring-Gjedde -- Norwegian politician
Wikipedia - Mathilde Valdenaire -- French canoeist
Wikipedia - Mathilde von Keller -- German lady-in-waiting
Wikipedia - Mathilde Weckerlin -- German operatic soprano (1848-1928)
Wikipedia - Mathilde Wesendonck -- German poet
Wikipedia - Mathilukal (film) -- 1989 Indian film
Wikipedia - Mathiness -- Economic misinformation based on distorted mathematics
Wikipedia - Mathira -- Pakistani model, actress
Wikipedia - Mathis Mootz -- German DJ
Wikipedia - Mathis Nitschke -- German composer
Wikipedia - MathJax
Wikipedia - Math Kernel Library
Wikipedia - MATHLAB -- Computer algebra system
Wikipedia - Math League -- Mathematics competition
Wikipedia - Mathletics (educational software) -- Mathematics education program
Wikipedia - MathMagic -- Software for editing mathematical equations
Wikipedia - MATH-MATIC
Wikipedia - MathM-CM-)o Jacquemoud -- French ski mountaineer
Wikipedia - MathM-CM-$ser -- Historic beer hall and cinema
Wikipedia - MathML -- Format for expressing mathematical formulae
Wikipedia - Math Mysteries -- Collection of five math-related educational video games
Wikipedia - Mathnawi (poetic form)
Wikipedia - Mathnawi -- Poetic genre
Wikipedia - Mathomatic
Wikipedia - Mathos -- Anti-Carthaginian rebel general active 241-238 BC
Wikipedia - MathOverflow
Wikipedia - Math Rabbit -- 1986 educational video game
Wikipedia - Math rock -- Style of rock music
Wikipedia - Mathrubhumi International Festival of Letters -- Indian annual literary festival
Wikipedia - Mathrubhumi
Wikipedia - Mathrubhumi Yearbook -- Concise encyclopedia of current affairs
Wikipedia - MathSciNet
Wikipedia - Mathscinet
Wikipedia - Maths Mansion -- Educational children's television show
Wikipedia - Mathsoft
Wikipedia - Mathspace -- Online mathematics education program
Wikipedia - Math the Band -- American synthpunk band
Wikipedia - MathTime
Wikipedia - Math-Tinik -- Philippine educational television show
Wikipedia - Mathukumalli Vidyasagar
Wikipedia - Mathura-Bhiwani Passenger -- Train in India
Wikipedia - Mathura Cantt railway station -- Railway Station in Uttar Pradesh, India
Wikipedia - Mathura Das Mathur -- Indian politician
Wikipedia - Mathura Junction railway station -- Railway Station in Uttar Pradesh, India
Wikipedia - Mathura (Lok Sabha constituency) -- Lok Sabha Constituency in Uttar Pradesh, India
Wikipedia - Mathuram Santosham -- American Indian physician and scientist
Wikipedia - Mathura Prasad Mishra -- Indian politician
Wikipedia - Mathura, Uttar Pradesh
Wikipedia - Mathura
Wikipedia - Mathurin Jacques Brisson
Wikipedia - Mathur Savani
Wikipedia - Math
Wikipedia - MathWorks -- Company that produces mathematical computing software
Wikipedia - MathWorld -- Online mathematics reference work
Wikipedia - Mathylde Frontus -- American politician
Wikipedia - Matilde Marcolli -- Italian mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Matrix (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Matrix(mathematics)
Wikipedia - Matrix multiplication -- Mathematical operation in linear algebra
Wikipedia - Matthew Cook -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Matthew Emerton -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Matthew Foreman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Matthew Stewart (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Matthew Wyatt Joseph Fry -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Matthias M-CM-^Arni Mathiesen -- Icelandic politician
Wikipedia - Matt Parker -- Australian comedian and math communicator
Wikipedia - Maura Mast -- Irish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maurice Auslander -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maurice Gevrey -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Maurice Heins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maurice Kraitchik -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Maurice L'AbbM-CM-) -- Canadian academic and mathematician
Wikipedia - Maurice Sion -- Canadian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maurice Solovine -- Romanian philosopher and mathematician
Wikipedia - Mauro Francaviglia -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Maury Bramson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Max Born -- German physicist, mathematician and Nobel laureate
Wikipedia - Max Dehn -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Max Deuring -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Max Gunzburger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Max Gut -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Maxime Bocher -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maximilian Herzberger -- German American mathematician
Wikipedia - Max Koecher -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Max Mason -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Max Mathews -- American pioneer in computer music
Wikipedia - Max Shiffman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Maxwell Rosenlicht -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Max Wyman -- Canadian mathematician and academic administrator
Wikipedia - May Beenken -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mayme Logsdon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - M-bM-^HM-^B -- The mathematical symbol "M-bM-^HM-^B", used for partial derivatives and other concepts
Wikipedia - M. B. W. Tent -- American mathematics educator and writer
Wikipedia - M. C. Escher -- Dutch graphic artist known for his mathematically-inspired works
Wikipedia - M-CM-^Adam Koranyi -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - M-CM-^Agnes Szendrei -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - M-CM-^Agoston Scholtz -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - M-CM-^Akos Csaszar -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - M-CM-^Arni Mathiesen -- Icelandic politician
Wikipedia - M-CM-^Arpad Varecza -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - M-CM-^Eke Pleijel -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - M-CM-^Xystein Ore -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Measure (mathematics) -- Generalization of length, area, volume and integral
Wikipedia - Megumi Harada -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mehmet Burak ErdoM-DM-^_an -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Mei-Chi Shaw -- Taiwanese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mei-Chu Chang -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Meike Akveld -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Meinhard E. Mayer -- Romanian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Melania Alvarez -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Melanie Mathys -- Swiss canoeist
Wikipedia - Melanie Wood -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Melba Roy Mouton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Melbourne Cinematheque -- Australian film society
Wikipedia - Melih OnuM-EM-^_ -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Mellen Woodman Haskell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Melody Chan -- American mathematician and violinist
Wikipedia - Melvin Currie -- American mathematician and cryptographer
Wikipedia - Melvin Dresher -- Polish-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Melvin Hochster -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Melvyn B. Nathanson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - SrM-DM-+pati -- Indian mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Menahem Max Schiffer -- German-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Men of Mathematics -- Popular history of mathematics by E.T. Bell
Wikipedia - Merrilyn Goos -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Merten M. Hasse Prize -- Mathematical Association of America award
Wikipedia - Mertens conjecture -- Disproved mathematical conjecture
Wikipedia - Messenger of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Metamathematics
Wikipedia - Metamath
Wikipedia - Methoden der mathematischen Physik -- Book by David Hilbert
Wikipedia - Method ringing -- Sounding continually changing mathematical permutations
Wikipedia - Metric (mathematics) -- Mathematical function defining distance
Wikipedia - Metric space -- Mathematical set defining distance
Wikipedia - Meyer Jerison -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mia Hubert -- Belgian mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - Micaiah John Muller Hill -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Aizenman -- American-Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Artin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Aschbacher -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Atiyah -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Benedicks -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Boardman -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Cowling -- Australian pure mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael C. Reed -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael D. Fried -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael D. Morley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Dorff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael D. Plummer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Freedman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael F. Singer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael G. Crandall -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Golomb -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Griebel -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Guy -- British mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Michael Handel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Harris (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Hutchings (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Ian Shamos -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael J. Hopkins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael J. Larsen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Kapovich -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Katehakis -- Greek American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Lacey (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Lin (mathematician) -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Matheson (politician) -- Scottish National Party politician
Wikipedia - Michael Matheus
Wikipedia - Michael McQuillan (mathematician) -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Minovitch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael M. Richter -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael P. Brenner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael P. Drazin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Rockner -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Rosen (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Saks (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Michael Schlessinger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Scott Jacobson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Shackleford -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Shelley (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Shub -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Starbird -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Stillman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael T. Anderson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Waidner -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Walker (mathematician) -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Michael Waterman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michal Misiurewicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Michel AndrM-CM-) (mathematician) -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Michel Balinski -- Swiss-born Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Michel Demazure -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Michele Artigue -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Michele Audin -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Michele Cipolla -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Michele Raynaud -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Michele Vergne -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Michel Kervaire -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Michel Las Vergnas -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Michelle L. Wachs -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michelle Manes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Michel Mathiot -- French gymnast
Wikipedia - Michel Plancherel -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Michel Van den Bergh -- Belgian mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Michigan Mathematical Journal
Wikipedia - Michio Kuga -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Michio Suzuki (mathematician) -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Microsoft Mathematics -- MS Windows application for solving maths problems
Wikipedia - Miggy Biller -- British mathematics teacher
Wikipedia - Mihaela Ignatova -- Bulgarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mihalis Dafermos -- Greek mathematician
Wikipedia - Mihalj M-EM- ilobod BolM-EM-!ic -- Croatian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mihir Baran Banerjee -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mihnea Popa -- Romanian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mikael Rordam -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Mike Alder -- Australian mathematician and philosopher
Wikipedia - Mike Develin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mike Keith (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mike Steel (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Mikhael Gromov (mathematician) -- Russian-French mathematician
Wikipedia - Mikhail Agranovich (mathematician) -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mikhail Goussarov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mikhail Gromov (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Mikhail Khovanov -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mikhail Lomonosov -- Russian polymath, scientist and writer (1711-1765)
Wikipedia - Mikhail Menshikov -- Russian-British mathematician
Wikipedia - Mikhail Ostrogradsky -- Ukrainian-Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mikhail Shubin (mathematician) -- Russian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mikhail Subbotin -- Soviet mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Mikhail Suslin -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Miki Matheson -- Japanese Paralympic ice sledge speed racer
Wikipedia - Mikio Sato -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Miklos Bona -- Hungarian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mila Nikolova -- Bulgarian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Milan Kolibiar -- Slovak mathematician
Wikipedia - Mildred Sanderson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mileva Maric -- Serbian mathematician and wife of Albert Einstein
Wikipedia - Mileva Prvanovic -- Serbian mathematician
Wikipedia - Milly Mathis -- French actress
Wikipedia - Milman-Pettis theorem -- Mathematical theorem
Wikipedia - Miloslav Valouch -- Czech physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Milton Abramowitz -- Jewish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mina Aganagic -- Mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Mina Ossiander -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mina Rees -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mina Teicher -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Mine M-CM-^Getinkaya-Rundel -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Minerva Cordero -- Puerto Rican mathematician
Wikipedia - Ming-Jun Lai -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Minimal prime (recreational mathematics)
Wikipedia - Minoru Tomita -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Miranda Cheng -- Taiwanese-born and Dutch-educated mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Mircea Puta -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mireille Bousquet-MM-CM-)lou -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Mireille Capitaine -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Mireille Martin-Deschamps -- French mathematician & academic
Wikipedia - Mireille Mathieu
Wikipedia - Miriam Cohen -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Miriam Leiva -- Cuban-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mirka Miller -- Czech-Australian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Mir Maswood Ali -- Canadian statistician and mathematician
Wikipedia - MIT Department of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Mitio Nagumo -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Mixed Hodge module -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Mixing (mathematics)
Wikipedia - M. K. Fort Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mladen Bestvina -- Croatian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - MMath
Wikipedia - MM-CM-)nage problem -- Assignment problem in combinatorial mathematics
Wikipedia - Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications -- Mathematics journal
Wikipedia - Modified discrete cosine transform -- Mathematical transform using in signal processing
Wikipedia - Modular forms modulo p -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Module (mathematics) -- Generalization of vector space, with scalars in a ring instead of a field
Wikipedia - Module:Math
Wikipedia - Mohamed H.A. Hassan -- Sudanese mathematician and physicist (born 1947)
Wikipedia - Mohamed Omar (mathematician) -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Mohr-Coulomb theory -- Mathematical model describing the response of a brittle material to mechanical stresses and to define shear strength of soils and rocks
Wikipedia - Moina Mathers
Wikipedia - MojM-EM- -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Mojo Mathers -- New Zealand politician
Wikipedia - Moment (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Monica Clapp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Monica Nevins -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Monika Ludwig -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Monique Laurent -- French computer scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Monique Mathys -- Swiss figure skater
Wikipedia - Monroe D. Donsker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Monster group -- In mathematics, a finite simple group
Wikipedia - Montserrat Teixidor i Bigas -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Moon Duchin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Morgan Ward -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Moritz Cantor -- German historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Morris Hirsch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Morris Kline -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Mor RM-CM-)thy -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Morton Brown -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Morton L. Curtis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Morwen Thistlethwaite -- Mathematician specializing in knot theory
Wikipedia - Moscow Mathematical Papyrus
Wikipedia - Moscow School of Mathematics and Navigation
Wikipedia - Moshe Goldberg -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Moshe Jarden -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Moss Sweedler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Moti Gitik -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Mountifort Longfield -- Irish lawyer, judge, mathematician, and academic
Wikipedia - Mourad Ismail -- Egyptian mathematician
Wikipedia - M. Salah Baouendi -- Tunisian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Muhammad Baqir Yazdi -- Iranian mathematician
Wikipedia - Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi -- 9th century Persian mathematician, astronomer and geographer
Wikipedia - Muhammad Rafique (mathematician) -- Pakistani mathematician
Wikipedia - Muir Mathieson -- British composer and conductor
Wikipedia - Mukul Deva -- Indian polymath
Wikipedia - Multibrot set -- Construct in mathematics
Wikipedia - Multi-compartment model -- Type of mathematical model
Wikipedia - Multiple-conclusion logic -- Mathematical logic
Wikipedia - Multiple scattering theory -- Mathematical theory that describes the scattering of partical waves
Wikipedia - Multiplication and repeated addition -- Debate on education of mathematics
Wikipedia - Multiplication sign -- Mathematical symbol: M-CM-^W
Wikipedia - Multiplication table -- Mathematical table
Wikipedia - Multiplicity (mathematics) -- Number of times an object must be counted for making true a general formula
Wikipedia - MuMATH
Wikipedia - Murad Taqqu -- Iraqi American mathematician
Wikipedia - Muriel Kennett Wales -- Irish-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Murray Gerstenhaber -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Murray H. Protter -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Murray R. Spiegel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Murray S. Klamkin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Museum of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Music and mathematics -- Relationships between music and mathematics
Wikipedia - M. Vali Siadat -- Iranian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - M. V. Kamath
Wikipedia - M. V. Mathur
Wikipedia - Myron Mathisson -- Polish physicist
Wikipedia - Mysterious Dave Mather -- Old West American sheriff
Wikipedia - Mythily Ramaswamy -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Naaummeedhu -- 2001 Maldivian romantic film by Fathimath Nahul
Wikipedia - Nachman Aronszajn -- Polish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nadeschda Gernet -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nagambal Shah -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nagayoshi Iwahori -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Nail H. Ibragimov -- Russian mathematician and mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Naiomi Cameron -- American-born mathematician
Wikipedia - Nalini Anantharaman -- French mathematician & academic
Wikipedia - Nalini Joshi -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nancy D. Griffeth -- American computer scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Nancy Farley Wood -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nancy K. Nichols -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Nancy Kopell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nancy K. Stanton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nancy Mathiowetz -- American sociologist and statistician
Wikipedia - Nancy Mowll Mathews -- American art critic, curator, professor, and television host
Wikipedia - Nancy Neudauer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nannaku Prematho (soundtrack) -- 2016 soundtrack album by Devi Sri Prasad
Wikipedia - Nannaku Prematho -- 2016 film directed by Sukumar
Wikipedia - Naomi Jochnowitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Naraha Balkawa -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Narutaka Ozawa -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - NAS Award in Mathematics
Wikipedia - Nassif Ghoussoub -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Natalia Berloff -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Natalia Komarova -- Russian-American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Natalie Ball -- Klamath/Modoc interdisciplinary artist
Wikipedia - NataM-EM-!a Jonoska -- Macedonian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - NataM-EM-!a M-EM- eM-EM-!um -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - NataM-EM-!a Pavlovic -- Serbian mathematician
Wikipedia - Natascha Artin Brunswick -- American German-born mathematician and photographer
Wikipedia - Natashia Boland -- Mathematician, professor
Wikipedia - Nathalie Sinclair -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nathalie Wahl -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nathan Alexander -- Math professor
Wikipedia - Nathan Dunfield -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nathan Fine -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nathaniel Bowditch -- American astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Nathaniel Mather -- British clergyman
Wikipedia - National Association of Mathematicians -- American professional association
Wikipedia - National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
Wikipedia - National Mathematics Year -- Designation for 2012 in India and Nigeria
Wikipedia - National Museum of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Natural logarithm -- Logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e
Wikipedia - Nayandeep Deka Baruah -- Indian mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Nazim Terzioglu -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Neal Koblitz -- Mathematician, cryptographer
Wikipedia - Neda Bokan -- Serbian mathematician
Wikipedia - Neena Gupta (mathematician) -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Neighborhood (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Neighbourhood (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Neil Chriss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Neil D. Mathur
Wikipedia - Neil Robertson (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Nellie Mathes Horne -- American painter
Wikipedia - Nelli Neumann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Nelson Dunford -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nemmers Prize in Mathematics
Wikipedia - Nerida Ellerton -- Australian mathematics educator and historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Nesmith Ankeny -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Net (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Netta Engelhardt -- Israeli-American mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Net tonnage -- Dimensionless index calculated from the total moulded volume of the ship's cargo spaces by using a mathematical formula
Wikipedia - Newman's conjecture -- Unsolved problem in mathematics
Wikipedia - New Mathematics and Natural Computation
Wikipedia - New Math -- Style of teaching mathematics in the 1960s
Wikipedia - New York State Mathematics League -- mathematics competition
Wikipedia - Ngamta Thamwattana -- Thai mathematician
Wikipedia - NiccolM-CM-2 Gianpriamo -- Italian polymath
Wikipedia - Nicholas Halma -- French mathematician and translator
Wikipedia - Nicholas Hanges -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicholas Manton -- British mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Nicholas Metropolis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nick Katz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicolae Popescu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicolas Bourbaki -- Collective pseudonym for a predominantly French group of mathematicians
Wikipedia - Nicolas Chuquet -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicolas Mathieu (writer) -- French novelist
Wikipedia - Nicolas Monod -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicolas Rashevsky -- Russian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicole Berline -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicole-Claude Mathieu -- French anthropologist
Wikipedia - Nicole El Karoui -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicole Megow -- German mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Nicole Spillane -- French and Irish applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicole Tomczak-Jaegermann -- Polish Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nicomedes (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Niels Erik Norlund -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Niels Henrik Abel -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Niels Mathias Rye -- Norwegian politician
Wikipedia - Niels Mathiesen -- Norwegian politician and merchant
Wikipedia - Niels Nielsen (mathematician) -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Nigel Boston -- British-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nigel Hitchin -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Nigel Kalton -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Nigel Weiss -- professor of mathematics and astronomy at Cambridge
Wikipedia - Nikolai Aleksandrovich Shanin -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nikolai Chernov -- Ukrainian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nikolai Durov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nikolai Lobachevsky -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nikolai Nikolayevich Vorobyov (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Nikolaos Hatzidakis -- Greek mathematician
Wikipedia - Nikolaus Hofreiter -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nikolay Krasovsky -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nikolay Zak -- Russian mathematician and economist
Wikipedia - Nilanjana Datta -- Indian-born British mathematician
Wikipedia - Nils Dencker -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Nina Bari -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nina Holden -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Nina Snaith -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Nira Dyn -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Nitin Saxena -- Indian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Nkechi Agwu -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - NLab -- Wiki for mathematics, physics, and philosophy
Wikipedia - Nl (format) -- File format for presenting and archiving mathematical programming problems
Wikipedia - Noam Elkies -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nobody Else But You -- 2011 film by GM-CM-)rald Hustache-Mathieu
Wikipedia - Noether family -- Family of German mathematicians
Wikipedia - Noetherian ring -- A mathematical ring with well behaved ideals
Wikipedia - Noga Alon -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Nolan Wallach -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Nomathemba Mokgethi -- South African politician
Wikipedia - Nora Calderwood -- Scottish mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Norbert A'Campo -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Norbert Wiener Prize in Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - Norbert Wiener -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Noriko H. Arai -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Noriko Yui -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Norman E. Gibbs -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Norman H. Anning -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Norman Johnson (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Norman J. Pullman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Norman Levinson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Norman Levitt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Norman Riley -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Norman Routledge -- English mathematician and schoolteacher
Wikipedia - Norman Shapiro -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Norman Steenrod -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Norm (mathematics) -- Length in a vector space
Wikipedia - Notices of the American Mathematical Society -- Membership magazine
Wikipedia - NPSOL -- Mathematical software package
Wikipedia - NPZ model -- A mathematical model of marine ecosystem
Wikipedia - Number theory -- Branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - Number -- Mathematical description of the common concept
Wikipedia - Numerical mathematics
Wikipedia - Numerical weather prediction -- Weather prediction using mathematical models of the atmosphere and oceans
Wikipedia - Numerische Mathematik
Wikipedia - Nuzhet GokdoM-DM-^_an -- Turkish astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Object theory -- A theory in philosophy of mathematics
Wikipedia - Octav Onicescu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Oded Schramm -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Odile Favaron -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Odile Macchi -- French physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Of the form -- Mathematical phrase
Wikipedia - Oidaematophorus mathewianus -- Species of plume moth
Wikipedia - O.K. Corral hearing and aftermath -- Results following the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, Arizona
Wikipedia - O.K. Smathers -- American archer
Wikipedia - Ola Bratteli -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Olaus Henrici -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Olav Kallenberg -- Swedish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Oleg Besov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Oleg Izhboldin -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Oleg Marichev -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ole Peder Arvesen -- Norwegian engineer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Olga Beaver -- Czech-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Olga Gil Medrano -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Olga Holtz -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Olga Kharlampovich -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Olga Ladyzhenskaya -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Olga Oleinik -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Olga Taussky-Todd -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Olga Tsuberbiller -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Olive Hazlett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Olive Jean Dunn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Oliver Byrne (mathematician) -- engineer and author
Wikipedia - Oliver Dimon Kellogg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Oliver Edmunds Glenn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Oliver Heaviside -- English electrical engineer, mathematician and physicist (1850-1925)
Wikipedia - Olivier Debarre -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Olle HM-CM-$ggstrom -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Olof B. Widlund -- Swedish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Olof Hanner -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Olof Thorin -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Olry Terquem -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Olvi L. Mangasarian -- Iraqi-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Olympia Nicodemi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Omar Khayyam -- Persian poet, philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer
Wikipedia - Omayra Ortega -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Omega-categorical theory -- Mathematical logic theory with exactly one countably infinite model up to isomorphism
Wikipedia - Om Prakash Mathur
Wikipedia - On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related Systems
Wikipedia - OpenType math
Wikipedia - Operation (mathematics) -- Procedure which produces a result from zero or more inputs
Wikipedia - Operator (computer programming) -- Construct associated with a mathematical operation in computer programs
Wikipedia - Operator (mathematics) -- Mapping from one vector space or module to another in mathematics
Wikipedia - Opsimath
Wikipedia - Optimization (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Order of operations -- In mathematics and computer science, order in which operations are performed
Wikipedia - Orientation (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Ormond Stone -- American astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Orrin Frink -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Orthogonal array -- Type of mathematical array
Wikipedia - Ortrud Oellermann -- South African mathematician
Wikipedia - Oscar Bruno -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Oscar Goldman (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Oscar Mathafa -- South African politician
Wikipedia - Oscar Mathisen -- Norwegian speed skater
Wikipedia - Oscar Zariski -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Oswald Leroy -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Oswaldo Lezama -- Colombian mathematician
Wikipedia - Oswald Veblen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Otakar BorM-EM-/vka -- Czech academic and mathematician
Wikipedia - O. Timothy O'Meara -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ottakkomban -- Film directed by Mathews Thomas
Wikipedia - Ottaviano Menni -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Blumenthal -- German-Jewish mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Brune -- (1901 - 1982) South African mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto E. Neugebauer -- Austrian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Frostman -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Haupt -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Hesse -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Holder -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto M. Nikodym -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Schilling -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Szasz -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Otto Toeplitz -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Our Mathematical Universe -- Book by Max Tegmark
Wikipedia - Outline of mathematics
Wikipedia - Overlap (term rewriting) -- Situation in which there are contradictory ways of reducing a mathematical expression
Wikipedia - Ovidio Montalbani -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Paco Lagerstrom -- Swedish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Pakari -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Pamela Cook -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Pamela E. Harris -- Mexican-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Pamela Gorkin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Pamela Liebeck -- British mathematician and mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Panagiota Daskalopoulos -- Greek mathematician
Wikipedia - Panagiotis E. Souganidis -- Greek-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Panayiotis Vlamos -- Greek mathematician
Wikipedia - Pancake sorting -- Mathematics problem
Wikipedia - Pan Chengdong -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Pandrosion -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Pansera -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Paola Loreti -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Paolo Marcellini -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Pao-sheng Hsu -- Mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Pappus of Alexandria -- Ancient Greek mathematician
Wikipedia - Paramathi-Velur taluk -- Town in Tamil Nadu, India
Wikipedia - PARCC -- Consortium for K-12 assessments in Mathematics and English
Wikipedia - Parity (mathematics) -- Property of being an even or odd number
Wikipedia - Part (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Pasquale Joseph Federico -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Pathological (mathematics) -- Mathematical phenomena whose properties are counterintuitive
Wikipedia - Patricia Campbell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Patricia Clark Kenschaft -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Patricia D. Shure -- American mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Patricia E. Bauman -- American mathematician at Purdue University
Wikipedia - Patricia Hersh -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Patrick Billingsley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Patrick Brosnan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Patrick Mathura -- Trinidad and Tobago broadcaster
Wikipedia - Patrick Michael Grundy -- English mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Patrick X. Gallagher -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Patti Frazer Lock -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul A. Catlin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Althaus Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul A. Schweitzer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paula Tretkoff -- Australian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Balmer -- Swiss mathematician, working in algebra
Wikipedia - Paul Baum (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Bernays -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Biran -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Busch (physicist) -- Mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Paul Chernoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Chester Kainen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Cohen (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Paul Cohen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul C. Yang -- Taiwanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Dedecker -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Dienes -- Hungarian mathematician and poet
Wikipedia - Paul du Bois-Reymond -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Epstein -- German mathematician (1871-1939)
Wikipedia - Paul ErdM-EM-^Qs -- Hungarian mathematician (1913-1996)
Wikipedia - Paulette Libermann -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Gauduchon -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Glaister -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Guldin -- Swiss mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Paul Halmos -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Hardaker -- British mathematician and climate scientist
Wikipedia - Paul Harzer -- German mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Pauline Mellon -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Pauline Sperry -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Pauline van den Driessche -- British and Canadian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Kelly (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Koebe -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul LM-CM-)vy (mathematician) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Malliavin -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Mathey -- French draughtsperson and painter
Wikipedia - Paul Monsky -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Montel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Muhly -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Nemenyi -- Hungarian mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Paulo Ribenboim -- Brazilian-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Sally -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Schupp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Seymour (mathematician) -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Sophus Epstein -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Syverson -- Computer scientist and mathematician at the US Naval Research Laboratory, inventor of onion routing
Wikipedia - Paul T. Bateman -- American mathematician (1919-2012)
Wikipedia - Paul Vojta -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Wolfskehl -- German physician and mathematician
Wikipedia - Paul Zimmermann (mathematician) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Pavel Winternitz -- Czech mathematical-physicist
Wikipedia - Peano kernel theorem -- Mathematical theorem used in numerical analysis
Wikipedia - Pedro Chacon -- Spanish mathematician and theologian
Wikipedia - Pedro de Matheu -- Salvadoran artist
Wikipedia - Pedro Filipe Soares -- Portuguese mathematician and politician (b. 1979)
Wikipedia - Pedro Nunes -- Portuguese mathematician
Wikipedia - Pelageya Polubarinova-Kochina -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Penelope Maddy -- American mathematician and philosopher
Wikipedia - Pengfei Guan -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Peng Yee Lee -- Singaporean mathematician
Wikipedia - Penny Haxell -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Penny J. Davies -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Penrose-Lucas argument -- Claim that human mathematicians are not describable as formal proof systems
Wikipedia - Pepijn van Erp -- Dutch mathematician and skeptical activist
Wikipedia - Percent sign -- Mathematical symbol used to indicate a percentage
Wikipedia - Percey F. Smith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peregrina Quintela EstM-CM-)vez -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Perfect group -- Mathematical group with trivial abelianization
Wikipedia - Permanent (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Per Mathias Jespersen -- Norwegian gymnast
Wikipedia - Per Mathiesen -- Norwegian artistic gymnast
Wikipedia - Permutation category -- type of mathematical category
Wikipedia - Permutation -- Change of ordering in a (mathematical) set
Wikipedia - Persi Diaconis -- American mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Peta Mathias -- New Zealand food writer
Wikipedia - Peter Andrews (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Peter Balazs (mathematician) -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter B. Andrews (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Peter B. Andrews -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Barlow (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Peter B. Gilkey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter B. Kronheimer -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Buhlmann -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Cameron (mathematician) -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter C. Fishburn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Dembowski -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter D. T. A. Elliott -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Duren -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter G. Casazza -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Goddard (physicist) -- British mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Peter Henrici (mathematician) -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Hislop -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter J. Freyd -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Jones (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Lancaster -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Landrock -- Danish cryptographer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Landweber -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Lax -- Hungarian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Littelmann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Mathews (archaeologist)
Wikipedia - Peter Mathiesen (clockmaker) -- Danish clockmaker
Wikipedia - Peter M-EM- tefan -- Slovak mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter M. Neumann -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Montgomery (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Ozsvath -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Paule -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Richtarik -- Slovak mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Salamon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Petersburg Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Peter Shalen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Shor -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Stoner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Swinnerton-Dyer -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Topping -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Turner (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Peter W. Bates -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Peter Whittle (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Peter Wynn (mathematician)
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Wikipedia - Petru Mocanu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Petrus Apianus -- 16th-century German astronomer, mathematician, and cartographer
Wikipedia - Pham Huu Tiep -- Vietnamese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Phase-field models on graphs -- Graph-based mathematical model
Wikipedia - Philip Candelas -- British physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Philip Franklin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Philip Hall -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Philip Hartman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Philip Holmes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Philip J. Davis -- American mathematician
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Wikipedia - Philip M. Whitman -- American mathematician
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Wikipedia - Philip Treisman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Philip Wolfe (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Phillip Colella -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Phillip Griffith -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Philomathean Society (New York University)
Wikipedia - Philomath -- Lover of learning
Wikipedia - Philomathy
Wikipedia - Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
Wikipedia - PhilosophiM-CM-& Naturalis Principia Mathematica -- 1687 tract by Isaac Newton
Wikipedia - Philosophy of mathematics education
Wikipedia - Philosophy of mathematics -- Branch of philosophy on the nature of mathematics
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Wikipedia - Photomath
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Wikipedia - Phyllis Fox -- American mathematician and computer scientist
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Wikipedia - PhysMath Central -- Springer Science+Business Media imprint
Wikipedia - Pia Nalli -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Pi Day -- Mathematical holiday on March 14
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Wikipedia - Pierre Auger (biologist) -- French bio-mathematician
Wikipedia - Pierre Berthelot -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Pierre Bieliavsky -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Pierre BM-CM-)zier -- Mathematician
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Wikipedia - Pierre de Carcavi -- French mathematician and librarian
Wikipedia - Pierre de Fermat -- French mathematician and lawyer
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Wikipedia - Pierre Edmond Boissier -- Swiss botanist, explorer and mathematician (1810-1885)
Wikipedia - Pierre Gassendi -- French philosopher, astronomer, mathematician, priest, and scientist
Wikipedia - Pierre Louis Maupertuis -- French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters
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Wikipedia - Pierre Rosenstiehl -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Pierre-Simon Laplace -- French polymath
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Wikipedia - Pilar Ribeiro -- Portuguese mathematician
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Wikipedia - Pioneering Women in American Mathematics
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Wikipedia - Place (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Plane (mathematics)
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Wikipedia - Plate trick -- Mathematic demonstration of rotations in 3-dimensions
Wikipedia - Plus-minus sign -- Mathematical symbol: M-BM-1
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Wikipedia - Pochhammer k-symbol -- Term in the mathematical theory of special functions
Wikipedia - PoincarM-CM-) and the Three-Body Problem -- Monograph in the history of mathematics
Wikipedia - PoincarM-CM-) Medal -- Math award from the Institut de France, Academy of Sciences
Wikipedia - Point (mathematics)
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Wikipedia - Polish notation -- Type of mathematics notation
Wikipedia - Polyhedral complex -- Math concept
Wikipedia - Polymath (disambiguation)
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Wikipedia - polymath
Wikipedia - Polymath -- Individual whose knowledge spans a substantial number of subjects
Wikipedia - Polynormal subgroup -- subgroup group in group theory in mathematics
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Wikipedia - Portal:Mathematics
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Wikipedia - Predicate (mathematical logic) -- A formula that can be evaluated to true or false
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Wikipedia - Pre-math skills -- Math skills learned in early childhood
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Wikipedia - Prem Mathur -- Indian aviator
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Wikipedia - Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring -- American mentoring award
Wikipedia - Primary cyclic group -- Type of group in mathematics
Wikipedia - Princeton University Department of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Principia Mathematica -- Three-volume work on the foundations of mathematics
Wikipedia - Principles and Standards for School Mathematics -- Guidelines produced by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Principles of Mathematical Logic
Wikipedia - Principles of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Priscilla Braislin -- First mathematics professor at Vassar College
Wikipedia - Prix Paul Doistau-Emile Blutet -- French Academy of Sciences award in mathematics, physics, and biology
Wikipedia - Probabilistic method -- Nonconstructive method for mathematical proofs
Wikipedia - Probability distribution -- Mathematical function for the probability a given outcome occurs in an experiment
Wikipedia - Probability -- Branch of mathematics concerning chance and uncertainty
Wikipedia - Probably approximately correct learning -- Framework for mathematical analysis of machine learning
Wikipedia - Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics
Wikipedia - Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society
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Wikipedia - Profitability index -- Mathematical economic formula
Wikipedia - Projection (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Projective module -- Direct summand of a free module (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Proof of Stein's example -- Mathematical proof
Wikipedia - Proofs from THE BOOK -- Book about mathematical proofs by Martin Aigner and Gunter M. Ziegler
Wikipedia - Proof that 22/7 exceeds M-OM-^@ -- Mathematical proof related to the constant pi
Wikipedia - Proper ideal -- Ideal that does not contain 1 (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Proportionality (mathematics) -- Mathematical concept of two varying quantities related by a constant
Wikipedia - Prosper-Mathieu Henry
Wikipedia - Protorus -- Mathematical object
Wikipedia - Psamathini -- Family of annelids
Wikipedia - Psammathodoxa -- Genus of insects
Wikipedia - Pseudomathematics -- Mathematics-like activity that does not fit into the framework of formally accepted rules
Wikipedia - Purely functional programming -- Programming paradigm that treats all computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions
Wikipedia - Pure mathematics -- Mathematics studies that are independent of any application outside mathematics
Wikipedia - Q.E.D. -- Abbreviation to indicate the completion of a mathematical proof
Wikipedia - Q+/Papias hypothesis -- Hypothesis about the synoptic problem that Mark knew Q, Mathew knew Q and Mark, and Luke knew Q, Mark, and Matthew, and that Papias' mention of a Hebrew Matthew actually refers to Q
Wikipedia - Quadratic field -- Field (mathematics) generated by the square root of an integer
Wikipedia - Quadrature (mathematics) -- Mathematical term in the context of differential equations
Wikipedia - Quantitative analysis (finance) -- Use of mathematical and statistical methods in finance
Wikipedia - Quantum geometry -- Set of mathematical concepts propagating geometric concepts
Wikipedia - Quantum state -- Mathematical entity to describe the probability of each possible measurement on a system
Wikipedia - Quasi-empiricism in mathematics
Wikipedia - Quasi-fibration -- Concept from mathematics
Wikipedia - Quasi-relative interior -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Queen Mathilde of Belgium -- Belgian royal
Wikipedia - Queen of Mahishmathi -- Historical fiction novel
Wikipedia - Queueing theory -- Mathematical study of waiting lines, or queues
Wikipedia - Quiver (mathematics)
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Wikipedia - Rachel Roberts (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rachel Ward (mathematician)
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Wikipedia - Radhanath Sikdar -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Radical polynomial -- abstract algebra polynominal in mathematics
Wikipedia - Radio Sagarmatha -- Community radio station in Kathmandu, Nepal
Wikipedia - Rado-Kneser-Choquet theorem -- Mathematical theorem
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Wikipedia - Ragni Piene -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Raimo HM-CM-$mM-CM-$lM-CM-$inen -- Finnish mathematician
Wikipedia - Rainer Burkard -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Rajat Subhra Hazra -- Indian Mathematician
Wikipedia - Raju Mathew -- Indian film producer
Wikipedia - Rajuvula -- Indo-Scythian king who ruled the Mathura region in northern India (c. 10 CE)
Wikipedia - Ralf J. Spatzier -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph Abraham (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph E. Gomory -- American mathematician
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Wikipedia - Ralph Greenberg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph Grimaldi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph Kaufmann -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph Lent Jeffery -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph Louis Cohen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph Palmer Agnew -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph P. Boas Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ralph S. Phillips -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ramakrishna Math -- administrative legal organization of the Ramakrishna Order
Wikipedia - Raman Parimala -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ramanujan's lost notebook -- Collection of Srinivas Ramanujan's discoveries in mathematics
Wikipedia - Ramathaim-Zophim
Wikipedia - Ramathipadi I -- King of Cambodia
Wikipedia - Ramification (mathematics) -- The branching out of a mathematical structure
Wikipedia - Rami Grossberg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ramin Takloo-Bighash -- Iranian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ramon E. Moore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ram Prakash Bambah -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Rampur Jamuwa -- Place in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Ramsey theory -- Branch of mathematics that studies the conditions under which order must appear
Wikipedia - Randall Dougherty -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Randall J. LeVeque -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Random Fibonacci sequence -- Randomized mathematical sequence based upon the Fibonacci sequence
Wikipedia - Random walk -- Mathematical formalization of a path that consists of a succession of random steps
Wikipedia - Ranee Brylinski -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Raoul Bott -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Raphaele Herbin -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Raphael Hoegh-Krohn -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Raphael M. Robinson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - RaphaM-CM-+l Mathieu -- French curler
Wikipedia - Rate (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Rational sequence topology -- Mathematical theory related to general topology
Wikipedia - Rautahat -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Ravi Malimath -- Acting Chief Justice of Uttarakhand High Court
Wikipedia - Ravi Vakil -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ray Kunze -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ray Matheny -- American anthropologist
Wikipedia - Raymond Clare Archibald -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Raymond Flood (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Raymond L. Johnson -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Raymond Louis Wilder -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Raymond Lyttleton -- British mathematician, astronomer
Wikipedia - Raymond McLenaghan -- Canadian theoretical physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Raymond O. Wells Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Raymond Paley -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Raymond Redheffer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Raymond Smullyan -- American mathematician and logician
Wikipedia - Raymond Woodard Brink -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Real analysis -- Mathematics of real numbers and real functions
Wikipedia - Real-valued function -- Mathematical function that takes real values
Wikipedia - Rebeca Guber -- Argentine mathematician
Wikipedia - Rebecca A. Herb -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rebecca Goldin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rebecca Hoyle -- Applied mathematician and researcher
Wikipedia - Rebecca Shipley -- British mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Rebecca Waldecker -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Reciprocal Fibonacci constant -- Mathematical constant defined as the sum of the reciprocals of the Fibonacci numbers
Wikipedia - Recreational mathematics
Wikipedia - Rectangle packing -- Optimization problem in mathematics
Wikipedia - Recursively enumerable set -- mathematical logic concept
Wikipedia - Reenu Mathews -- Indian Malayalam film actress
Wikipedia - Reese Prosser -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Reflection (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Reform mathematics -- Approach to mathematics education
Wikipedia - Regina S. Burachik -- Argentine mathematician
Wikipedia - Regina Tyshkevich -- Belarusian mathematician
Wikipedia - Regiomontanus -- German mathematician, astrologer and astronomer (1436-1476)
Wikipedia - Region (mathematics) -- Mathematical subset of a space
Wikipedia - Regularization (mathematics) -- Technique to make a model more generalizable and transferable
Wikipedia - Rehuel Lobatto -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Reidun Twarock -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Reiko Miyaoka -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Reinhardt Kiehl -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Reinhold Hoppe -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Rekha R. Thomas -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Relation (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Relationship between mathematics and physics -- Relationship between mathematics and physics
Wikipedia - Relative canonical model -- Complex manifolds in mathematics
Wikipedia - Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Remy Denis -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Renate Tobies -- German mathematician and historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Renato Caccioppoli -- 20th century Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - RenM-CM-) Descartes -- 17th-century French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist
Wikipedia - RenM-CM-) Gateaux -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - RenM-CM-) Thom -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Renu C. Laskar -- Indian-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Representation (mathematics) -- In mathematics, an object whose endomorphisms are isomorphic to another structure
Wikipedia - Representation theory -- Branch of mathematics that studies abstract algebraic structures
Wikipedia - Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences
Wikipedia - Resource monotonicity -- Mathematical principle
Wikipedia - Reuben Hersh -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Reverse Mathematics: Proofs from the Inside Out -- Book by John Stillwell
Wikipedia - Reverse mathematics
Wikipedia - Reverse Polish notation -- Mathematical notation in which every operator follows all of its operands
Wikipedia - Revolutions in Mathematics -- Book by Joseph Dauben
Wikipedia - Revolutions of 1917-1923 -- Wave of political unrest and mass revolts in Europe in the aftermath of World War I
Wikipedia - Reza Sadeghi (mathematician)
Wikipedia - R. H. Bing -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - R. H. Bruck -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rhind Mathematical Papyrus
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Wikipedia - Rhonda Hughes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ricardo Baeza Rodriguez -- Chilean mathematician
Wikipedia - Ricardo Cortez (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard A. Brualdi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Allen Hunt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Arenstorf -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Arratia -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Askey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard A. Tapia -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Baldus -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Beals (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Beez -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard B. McHugh -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Borcherds -- British-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Brauer -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Bronson -- American Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at Fairleigh Dickinson University
Wikipedia - Richard Burt Melrose -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Courant -- German American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Davis Anderson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard D. Gill -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard D. Schafer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Earl Block -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard E. Barlow -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard E. Bellman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Ehrenborg -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Eliot Chamberlin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Elman (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Friederich Arens -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Hamming -- American mathematician and information theorist
Wikipedia - Richard H. Schwartz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard J. Cole -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Kadison -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard K. Guy -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Lashof -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Laver -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard L. Bishop -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Leibler -- American mathematician and cryptanalyst
Wikipedia - Richard Lewontin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Lyons (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Matheson
Wikipedia - Richard McGehee -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard M. Dudley -- American mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Richard Meyer (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Richard M. Karp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Montague -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard M. Pollack -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Palais -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard P. Stanley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Rusczyk -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Schelp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Schoen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Schroeppel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard S. Ellis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Shore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard's paradox -- Apparent contadiction in metamathematics
Wikipedia - Richard S. Varga -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Swan -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard Taylor (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Richard Thomas (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Richard Townsend (mathematician) -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard V. Andree -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Richard von Mises -- Austrian physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Rick Durrett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rick Jardine -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Riemann hypothesis -- Conjecture in mathematics linked to the distribution of prime numbers
Wikipedia - Rikitaro Fujisawa -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Rinat Kedem -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ring (mathematics) -- Algebraic structure with addition and multiplication
Wikipedia - Rizvan Pashayev -- Azerbaijani mathematician
Wikipedia - R. James Milgram -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - R. K. Mathur -- 1st Lieutenant Governor of Ladakh
Wikipedia - R. Leonard Brooks -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - RM-CM-)mi Mathis -- French historian and librarian
Wikipedia - R. Michael Canjar -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - R. M. Wilson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Ammann -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Berger (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Breusch -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Brown Gardner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Bryant (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Calderbank -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert C. Gunning -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Connelly -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Coveyou -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert C. Prim -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Creighton Buck -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Daniel Carmichael -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Dautray -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert D. Richtmyer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Edmund O'Malley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Edouard Moritz -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Ellis (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Evert Stong -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert F. Coleman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Finn (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Fludd -- British mathematician and astrologer
Wikipedia - Robert Fortet -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Fricke -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert G. Bland -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Ghrist -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Gompf -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Griess -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Griffiths (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Robert Guralnick -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Hamilton Mathews -- Australian anthropologist and linguist
Wikipedia - Robert Hermann (mathematician) -- American mathematician and mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Robert Hooke -- English natural philosopher, architect and polymath
Wikipedia - Robert Horton Cameron -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert I. Soare -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert James Blattner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Jay Mathews -- American neo-Nazi terrorist
Wikipedia - Robert J. Elliott -- British-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert J. Plemmons -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert J. Weber -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Konig -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Kottwitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Kupperman -- American mathematician and expert on terrorism
Wikipedia - Robert Lawson Vaught -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Lazarsfeld -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert L. Devaney -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Lee Moore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Liptser -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert L. Prestel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert MacPherson (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert M. Anderson (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert McCallum Blumenthal -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert McCann (mathematician) -- Canadian applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert McLachlan (mathematician) -- New Zealand mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert McNaughton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Megginson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert M. Hayes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Miller Hardt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Moody -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert M. Thrall -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roberto Longo (mathematician) -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Roberto Marcolongo -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert P. Dilworth -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Penner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Raynolds McMath -- American astronomer
Wikipedia - Robert Recorde -- Welsh mathematician and inventor of the equals sign
Wikipedia - Robert Riley (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert R. Jensen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Rumely -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Sauer (mathematician) -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert S. Boyer -- American mathematician, computer scientist and philosopher
Wikipedia - Robert Schatten -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Simpson Woodward -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Steinberg -- Jewish Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Strichartz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Thomas Seeley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert Wayne Thomason -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robert W. Brooks -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robin Hartshorne -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robin Mathews (make-up artist) -- American make-up artist
Wikipedia - Robin Thomas (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Robin Wilson (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Robion Kirby -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rob Mathes -- American composer (born 1970)
Wikipedia - Rob Schneiderman (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Robust fuzzy programming -- Mathematical optimization approach to deal with optimization problems under uncertainty
Wikipedia - Robyn Owens -- Australian mathematician and computer vision researcher
Wikipedia - Roderick Melnik -- Canadian-Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Rodica Simion -- Romanian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rodolfo H. Torres -- Argentine American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rodolphe Radau -- German astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Rogemar Mamon -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger ApM-CM-)ry -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger C. Alperin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger D. Nussbaum -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger Evans Howe -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger Fletcher (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Roger Horn -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger J-B Wets -- Belgian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger Jones (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger Lyndon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger Maddux -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger Myerson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roger Penrose -- English mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Roger Wolcott Richardson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roland Bulirsch -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Roland FraM-CM-/ssM-CM-) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Roland Glowinski -- French-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roland Weitzenbock -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Rolin Wavre -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Romanas JanuM-EM-!keviM-DM-^Mius -- Lithuanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Roman Bezrukavnikov -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roman-Latin wars -- Wars fought between ancient Rome (including both the Roman Kingdom and the Roman Republic) and the Latins, from the earliest stages of the history of Rome until the final subjugation of the Latins to Rome in the aftermath of the Latin War
Wikipedia - Roman M-EM-;ulinski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Roman Sikorski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Rona Gurkewitz -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Ronald DeVore -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald DiPerna -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald Does -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald Fedkiw -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald Fintushel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald G. Douglas -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald Gould (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald Graham -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald L. Iman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald Mathias -- Welsh trade union leader
Wikipedia - Ronald M. Foster -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald Solomon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ronald V. Book -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ron Buckmire -- Grenadian-born mathematician (born 1968)
Wikipedia - Ron Donagi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ron Goldman (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Ron Larson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ron Mathewson -- British musician
Wikipedia - Rosalind Tanner -- German historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Rosa M. Miro-Roig -- Spanish mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Rosamund Sutherland -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Rosa Orellana -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology -- Private college specializing in engineering, mathematics and science in Terre Haute, Indiana, US
Wikipedia - Roselyn E. Williams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rose (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Rose Morton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rose Peltesohn -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Rosetta Code -- Wiki-based programming chrestomathy
Wikipedia - Rose Whelan Sedgewick -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roshan Mathew -- Indian film actor
Wikipedia - RosM-CM-"ngela Matheus -- Brazilian politician
Wikipedia - Ross Honsberger -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Rossignols -- French family of cryptologists and mathematicians
Wikipedia - Ross Mathews -- American television personality
Wikipedia - Ross Overbeek -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roswitha MM-CM-$rz -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Rotation (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Rough set -- Approximation of a mathematical set
Wikipedia - Roulette (curve) -- Mathematical curves generated by rolling other curves together
Wikipedia - Roxana Vivian -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roy Adler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Roy Kerr -- New Zealand mathematician
Wikipedia - Rozetta Zhilina -- Soviet mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Rozsa PM-CM-)ter -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - R. Ranga Rao -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - RSA Award for Excellence in Mathematics
Wikipedia - R. Stanton Hales -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - R. Tyrrell Rockafellar -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rubi Rodriguez -- Chilean mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruby Falls (band) -- New York City-based math rock band
Wikipedia - Rudolf Benesh -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Rudolf Berghammer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Rudolf Clausius -- German mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Rudolf E. Kalman -- Hungarian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rudolf Ernest Langer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rudolf Fueter -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Rudolf Halin -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Rudolf Inzinger -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Rudolf Kochendorffer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruel Vance Churchill -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rufus Bowen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Rufus Oldenburger -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruriko Yoshida -- Japanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Russel E. Caflisch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Russell Lyons -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Russell's paradox -- Paradox in the foundations of mathematics
Wikipedia - Russian mathematicians
Wikipedia - Rutger von Langerfeld -- Dutch mathematician, painter, and architect
Wikipedia - Ruth Aaronson Bari -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth Charney -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth F. Curtain -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth Gentry -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth Goulding Wood -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth Haas -- American mathematician and academic
Wikipedia - Ruth I. Michler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth J. Williams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth Kellerhals -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth Lawrence -- British-Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth Lyttle Satter Prize in Mathematics -- Mathematics prize
Wikipedia - Ruth Moufang -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Ruth Silverman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ryszard Engelking -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Ryszard Syski -- Polish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Saffman-Delbruck model -- Mathematical model of lipid membranes
Wikipedia - Sagarmatha Choudhary Eye Hospital, Lahan -- Hospital in Lahan, Nepal
Wikipedia - Sagarmatha National Park -- National Park of Nepal
Wikipedia - Sagarmatha Sambaad -- Global dialogue forum
Wikipedia - Sagarmatha Television (Nepal) -- Nepali television chanenl
Wikipedia - Sagarmatha Television -- Nepali television broadcast in the United States
Wikipedia - SageMath
Wikipedia - Saif Tyabji -- Solicitor, mathematician, educator
Wikipedia - Saint-Jean-de-Matha, Quebec
Wikipedia - Saint John of Matha
Wikipedia - Sajan K. Mathew -- Indian film director
Wikipedia - Sakabe KM-EM-^Mhan -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Sakura Schafer-Nameki -- German mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Salem Prize -- Mathematicians award
Wikipedia - Sally Cockburn -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sally Elizabeth Carlson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Salomon Bochner -- Austrian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Saly Ruth Ramler -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Samantha Mathis -- American actress and trade union leader
Wikipedia - Samatha -- Buddhist term meaning "tranquility of the mind
Wikipedia - Samathur -- Town in Tamil Nadu, India
Wikipedia - Samit Dasgupta -- Mathematician at Duke University
Wikipedia - Samuel Beatty (mathematician) -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Samuel Dickstein (mathematician) -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Samuel Gitler Hammer -- Mexican mathematician (1933-2014)
Wikipedia - Samuel Gyarmathi
Wikipedia - Samuel James Patterson -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Samuel Karlin -- Polish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Samuel Klingenstierna -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Samuel Lattes -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Samuel L. Greitzer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers -- British occultist
Wikipedia - Samuel L. MacGregor Mathers
Wikipedia - Samuel Mather (Independent minister) -- English minister working also in Scotland and Ireland
Wikipedia - Samuel Roberts (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Samuel Segun Okoya -- Nigerian academic in applied mathematics
Wikipedia - Samuel Walker Shattuck -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sam Vandervelde -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sandeep Mathrani -- Real estate executive
Wikipedia - Sandi KlavM-EM->ar -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sandra Mitchell Hedetniemi -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Sandrine PM-CM-)chM-CM-) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Sandy Green (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Sandy Ruby -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sanford L. Segal -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sara Billey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sara Del Valle -- Mathematical epidemiologist
Wikipedia - Sarah B. Hart -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Sarah Flannery -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Sarah Glaz -- Mathamatician and poet
Wikipedia - Sarah L. Waters -- British applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Sarah Mathew -- NZ diarist (c.1805-1890)
Wikipedia - Sarah Rees -- British mathematician and academic
Wikipedia - Sarah Witherspoon -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sara Negri -- Mathematical logician
Wikipedia - Sarason interpolation theorem -- Theorem in Mathematics.
Wikipedia - Sara Zahedi -- Iranian-Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Satellite knot -- Type of mathematical knot
Wikipedia - Satyan Devadoss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Satyendra Nath Bose -- Indian physicist and polymath from Bengal
Wikipedia - Saunders Mac Lane -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Savilian Professor of Geometry -- Professorship in mathematics at the University of Oxford
Wikipedia - Sawai Madhopur-Mathura Passenger -- Train in India
Wikipedia - Scalar (mathematics) -- Elements of a field, e.g. real numbers, in the context of linear algebra
Wikipedia - Scheinerman's conjecture -- Mathematics theorem
Wikipedia - Scheme (mathematics) -- Generalization of algebraic variety
Wikipedia - Schipper naast Mathilde -- Television series
Wikipedia - School of Mathematics, University of Manchester
Wikipedia - School of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics -- Magnet high school in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States
Wikipedia - Schur's theorem -- One of several theorems in different areas of mathematics
Wikipedia - Schwarz function -- Mathematics function in complex analysis
Wikipedia - Schwarz reflection principle -- Mathematics principle in complex analysis
Wikipedia - Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Wikipedia - Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics -- Group of academic disciplines
Wikipedia - Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math
Wikipedia - Scott A. Mitchell -- Applied mathematics researcher
Wikipedia - Scott Mathews -- American record producer
Wikipedia - Scott Sheffield -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Scott W. Williams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sean Mathias -- British actor
Wikipedia - Secondary antisemitism -- Antisemitism explained as aftermath of the Holocaust
Wikipedia - Second-order arithmetic -- Mathematical system
Wikipedia - Seemathurai -- 2018 Indian Tamil-language film
Wikipedia - Selberg trace formula -- Mathematical theorem
Wikipedia - Self-similarity -- The whole of an object being mathematically similar to part of itself
Wikipedia - Selman Akbulut -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Selmer group -- Construct in mathematics
Wikipedia - Selmer M. Johnson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Semantics (computer science) -- The field concerned with the rigorous mathematical study of the meaning of programming languages
Wikipedia - Sema Salur -- Turkish-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sender-Message-Channel-Receiver Model of Communication -- Mathematical model of communication
Wikipedia - Sensitivity analysis -- Study of uncertainty in the output of a mathematical model or system
Wikipedia - Sentence (mathematical logic)
Wikipedia - Sequence (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Sequoyah -- Cherokee polymath and creator of the Cherokee syllabary
Wikipedia - Sergei Adian -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sergei Natanovich Bernstein -- Soviet mathematician
Wikipedia - Sergei Novikov (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Sergei Petrovskii -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Serge Lang -- French American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sergey Chesnokov -- Russian mathematician and sociologist
Wikipedia - Sergey Fomin -- Russian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sergey Mergelyan -- Armenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sergio Albeverio -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Sergio Fajardo -- Colombian politician and mathematician
Wikipedia - Sergiu Klainerman -- Romanian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Series (mathematics) -- Infinite sum
Wikipedia - Series multisection -- In mathematics, series built from equally spaced terms of another series
Wikipedia - Set inversion -- mathematical problem of finding the set mapped by a specified function to a certain range
Wikipedia - Set (mathematics) -- Collection of objects in mathematics
Wikipedia - Set theory -- Branch of mathematics that studies sets
Wikipedia - Seymour Lipschutz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Shailer Mathews
Wikipedia - Shandelle Henson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sharadchandra Shankar Shrikhande -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Shaul Foguel -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Sheaf (mathematics) -- Tool to track locally defined data attached to the open sets of a topological space
Wikipedia - Sheila Scott Macintyre -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Sheila Tinney -- Irish mathematical physicist (1918-2010)
Wikipedia - Sheldon Axler -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sheldon Katz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Shelly Harvey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Shelly M. Jones -- American mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Sherman K. Stein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sherry Gong -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sherry Li -- Chinese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Shigeo Sasaki -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shigeru Iitaka -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shigeru Mukai -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shihoko Ishii -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shiing-Shen Chern -- Chinese-American mathematician and poet
Wikipedia - Shing-Tung Yau -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shinichi Mochizuki -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shinzo Watanabe -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shiri Artstein -- Israeli mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Shirley McBay -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Shirley M. Frye -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Shirley Pledger -- New Zealand mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Shisanji Hokari -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shiu-Yuen Cheng -- Hong Kong mathematician
Wikipedia - Shizuo Kakutani -- Japanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Shlomo Sternberg -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Shmuel Agmon -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Shoichiro Sakai -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shokichi Iyanaga -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Shoshana Kamin -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Shri Gaudapadacharya Math
Wikipedia - Siavash Shahshahani -- Iranian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sidney Graham -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sidney Martin Webster -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sidney Wilcox McCuskey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Siegel modular form -- Major type of automorphic form in mathematics
Wikipedia - Siegfried Bosch -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Siegfried Gottwald -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Siemion Fajtlowicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Sigal Gottlieb -- Applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Sigekatu Kuroda -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Sigeru Mizohata -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Sigmoid function -- Mathematical function having a characteristic "S"-shaped curve or sigmoid curve
Wikipedia - Sigmund Selberg -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sigmundur Gudmundsson -- Icelandic-Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Sigurd Mathisen -- Norwegian speed skater
Wikipedia - SigurM-CM-0ur Helgason (mathematician) -- Icelandic mathematician
Wikipedia - Sijue Wu -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Silas D. Alben -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Silvia Heubach -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sima Markovic -- Serbian mathematician and communist
Wikipedia - SimEvents -- Discrete event simulation tool developed by MathWorks
Wikipedia - SimM-CM-)on Denis Poisson -- French mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Simon B. Kochen -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Simone Gutt -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Simone Warzel -- German mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Simon Gindikin -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Simon Mathew -- Danish pop singer
Wikipedia - Simon Newcomb -- Canadian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Simon Plouffe -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Simon P. Norton -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Simons' formula -- Mathematical formula
Wikipedia - Simon von Stampfer -- Austrian mathematician and inventor
Wikipedia - Simply typed lambda calculus -- Formal system in mathematical logic
Wikipedia - Sinan ibn Thabit -- Sabian physician, astronomer and mathematician who later converted to Islam
Wikipedia - Sinc function -- Special mathematical function defined as sin(x)/x
Wikipedia - Sine wave -- Mathematical curve that describes a smooth repetitive oscillation; continuous wave
Wikipedia - Singleton (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Singular integral operators of convolution type -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Singularity (mathematics) -- Point where a function, a curve or another mathematical object does not behave regularly
Wikipedia - Sir Cumference -- Series of educational math books
Wikipedia - Sir Edmund Whittaker Memorial Prize -- Award of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet -- Anglo-Irish mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Sir Henry Thompson, 1st Baronet -- British surgeon and polymath
Wikipedia - Sirimathi Rasadari -- Sri Lankan actress
Wikipedia - Sir Joseph Williamson's Mathematical School
Wikipedia - Six nines in pi -- Sequence of digits in the math constant M-OM-^@, incorrectly attributed to Feynman
Wikipedia - Sketch (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Skip Garibaldi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Skolem's paradox -- mathematical logic concept
Wikipedia - S. L. Hakimi -- Iranian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - S. L. MacGregor Mathers
Wikipedia - S.L. MacGregor Mathers
Wikipedia - Slobodan AljanM-DM-^Mic -- Serbian mathematician
Wikipedia - Small-world network -- Mathematical graph where most nodes can be reached by a small number of steps
Wikipedia - SMath Studio
Wikipedia - SM-EM-^Michi Kakeya -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Smith's Prize -- Prize from University of Cambridge in mathematics and theoretical physics
Wikipedia - S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences -- Indian math and science research institute
Wikipedia - Snezhana Abarzhi -- Applied mathematician and mathematical physicist
Wikipedia - Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Wikipedia - Sofia Danova -- Bulgarian mathematician and philanthropist
Wikipedia - Soft configuration model -- random graph model in applied mathematics
Wikipedia - Sofya Kovalevskaya -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sofya Yanovskaya -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sol Garfunkel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Solomon Lefschetz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Solomon W. Golomb -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Somatherapy
Wikipedia - Sommer Gentry -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Song Sun -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Sonja Brentjes -- German historian of mathematics and arabist
Wikipedia - Sonja Lyttkens -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Sophie Bryant -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Sophie Germain -- French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher
Wikipedia - Sophie Morel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Sophie Piccard -- Russian-Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Sophus Lie -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Soren Galatius -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Sorin Popa -- Romanian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sotero Prieto Rodriguez -- Mexican mathematician
Wikipedia - Space (mathematics) -- Mathematical set with some added structure
Wikipedia - Spacetime -- Mathematical model combining space and time
Wikipedia - Spanning tree (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Spark (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Special functions -- Mathematical functions having established names and notations
Wikipedia - Spectra (mathematical association) -- Professional association of LGBT mathematicians
Wikipedia - Spencer Bloch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Spin model -- Mathematical model used to explain magnetism
Wikipedia - Spiral array model -- Mathematical model used in music theory
Wikipedia - Spline interpolation -- Mathematical method
Wikipedia - Spline (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Spyros Magliveras -- Greek American mathematician
Wikipedia - Square-cube law -- Mathematical principle
Wikipedia - Sri Lanka Matha -- National anthem of Sri Lanka
Wikipedia - Srinivasa Ramanujan -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - SrM-DM-^Qan Ognjanovic -- Serbian mathematician
Wikipedia - S. R. Ranganathan -- Indian mathematician and librarian
Wikipedia - S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan -- Indian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stability theory -- Part of mathematics that addresses the stability of solutions
Wikipedia - Stack (mathematics) -- Generalisation of a sheaf; a fibered category that admits effective descent
Wikipedia - Stanislas Ouaro -- BurkinabM-CM-) politician and mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanislav Molchanov -- Soviet American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanislawa Nikodym -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanislaw Grzepski -- Polish Humanist mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanislaw Knapowski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanislaw Mazur -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanislaw M-EM-^Aojasiewicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanislaw Ruziewicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanislaw Saks -- Polish mathematician (1897-1942)
Wikipedia - Stanislaw Szarek -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanley Farlow -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanley Mathabatha -- 4th Premier of Limpopo
Wikipedia - Stanley Osher -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stanley Skewes -- Stanley Skewes was a South African mathematician (b.1899 d.1988)
Wikipedia - Star of David theorem -- A mathematical result on arithmetic properties of binomial coefficients
Wikipedia - Star Wars: Aftermath trilogy -- Trilogy of Star Wars novels by Chuck Wendig
Wikipedia - Star Wars Math: Jabba's Game Galaxy -- 2000 educational video game
Wikipedia - Star world -- Mathematical concepts used in robot navigation
Wikipedia - Statues of John of Matha, Felix of Valois and Saint Ivan, Charles Bridge
Wikipedia - Steamship William G. Mather Maritime Museum -- Museum ship in Cleveland, Ohio
Wikipedia - Stefan Banach -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stefan Burr -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stefanie Petermichl -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Stefan Kaczmarz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stefan Mazurkiewicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Stefan Nemirovski -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Stefano Bianchini -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Steklov Institute of Mathematics -- Russian research institute
Wikipedia - Stephanie B. Alexander -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephanie van Willigenburg -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephan Luckhaus -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephan Ramon Garcia -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen A. Fulling -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Altschul -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Bigelow -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Cole Kleene -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen F. Barker -- American philosopher of mathematics
Wikipedia - Stephen Gelbart -- American-Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Halperin -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen M. Gersten -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Milne (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Parkinson -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen R. Doty -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Schanuel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Semmes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Shing-Toung Yau -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen S. Kudla -- Venezuelan American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Smale -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Twinoburyo -- Ugandan mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Warshall -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Wiggins -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stephen Wolfram -- British-American computer scientist, mathematician, physicist, writer and businessman (born 1959)
Wikipedia - Steve Awodey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stevedore knot (mathematics) -- Mathematical knot with crossing number 6
Wikipedia - Steve Jackson (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Brams -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven E. Shreve -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Gaal -- Hungarian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven G. Krantz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Kerckhoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Kleiman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Lalley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven L. Heston -- American mathematician, economist, and financier
Wikipedia - Steven Matheson -- Fictional character
Wikipedia - Steven Neil Evans -- Australian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Orszag -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Roman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Strogatz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Takiff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Zelditch -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steven Zucker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Steve Simpson (mathematician)
Wikipedia - St George Ashe -- Irish mathematician, university administrator, and Church of Ireland bishop
Wikipedia - St. John of Matha
Wikipedia - St. Mathias, Minnesota -- Unincorporated community in Minnesota, United States
Wikipedia - St. Mathias Township, Crow Wing County, Minnesota -- Township in Minnesota, United States
Wikipedia - StM-CM-%l Aanderaa -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - StM-CM-)phane Mallat -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Stochastic portfolio theory -- A mathematical theory for analyzing stock market structure and portfolio behavior
Wikipedia - St. Petersburg Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Strong Law of Small Numbers -- Humorous mathematical law
Wikipedia - Structuralism (philosophy of mathematics)
Wikipedia - Structure factor -- Mathematical description in crystallography
Wikipedia - Structure (mathematical logic) -- Mapping of mathematical formulas to a particular meaning, in universal algebra and in model theory
Wikipedia - Stuart Geman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Stuart S. Antman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth
Wikipedia - Submersion (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Subset -- Mathematical set contained in another set
Wikipedia - Subspace identification method -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Substitution (algebra) -- Replacement in a mathematical expression of some variable by another expression
Wikipedia - Subsumption lattice -- Mathematical structure
Wikipedia - Sudoku graph -- Mathematical graph of a Sudoku
Wikipedia - Sue Chandler -- British mathematics teacher and writer
Wikipedia - Sue Geller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sue Singer -- British mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Sue Whitesides -- Canadian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Sujatha Ramdorai -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sukhachina -- Village development committee in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Suleka Mathew -- Canadian actress
Wikipedia - Sumatheendra R. Nadig -- Indian writer
Wikipedia - Sumathi Best Upcoming Teledrama Actor Award -- Annual award for Sri Lankan upcoming actor
Wikipedia - Sumathi Murthy -- Hindustani classic vocalist and civil rights activist
Wikipedia - Sumathi Rao -- Indian theoretical physicist
Wikipedia - Sumio Watanabe -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Sumner Byron Myers -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sums of three cubes -- mathematics problem
Wikipedia - Sun Binyong -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Sunday Mathias -- Nigerian weightlifter
Wikipedia - SunM-DM-^Mica Canic -- Croatian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sun-Yung Alice Chang -- Taiwanese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Superpermutation -- String in combinatorial math
Wikipedia - Supersingular variety -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Support (mathematics) -- the part of the domain of a mathematical function where the function takes non-zero values
Wikipedia - Surat Mathur -- Indian athlete
Wikipedia - Suresh P. Sethi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Surface (mathematics) -- Mathematical idealization of the surface of a body
Wikipedia - Surface of revolution -- Mathematical term
Wikipedia - Surjective function -- Function such that every element has a preimage (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Susan Brown (mathematician) -- English applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Friedlander -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Goldstine -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Hermiller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan H. Marshall -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Howson (mathematician) -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Jane Colley -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Jane Cunningham -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Landau -- American mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Susan Loepp -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Martonosi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Miller Rambo -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Montgomery -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan Morey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susan M. Sanchez -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susanna S. Epp -- American professor of mathematics
Wikipedia - Susanna Terracini -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Susanne Brenner -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susanne Ditlevsen -- Danish mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Susan Tolman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Susie W. HM-CM-%kansson -- Mathematics educator
Wikipedia - Suzan Kahramaner -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Suzanne DorM-CM-)e -- Professor of mathematics
Wikipedia - Suzanne Lenhart -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Suzanne Weekes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Suzan Rose Benedict -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sven Gerner-Mathisen -- Norwegian sailor
Wikipedia - Svetlana Jitomirskaya -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Svetlana Katok -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Svetlana Roudenko -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Svitlana Mayboroda -- Ukrainian mathematician
Wikipedia - Sybilla Beckmann -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sydney Chapman (mathematician) -- British mathematician and geophysicist
Wikipedia - Sy Friedman -- Austrian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvain Cappell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvestre Gallot -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvia Bozeman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvia Chin-Pi Lu -- Taiwanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvia Mathews Burwell -- US Secretary of Health and Human Services
Wikipedia - Sylvia Skan -- English applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvia Wiegand -- Professor of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Sylvie Benzoni -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvie Corteel -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvie MM-CM-)lM-CM-)ard -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Sylvie Paycha -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Symbolic integration -- In mathematics, computation of an antiderivative in a closed form
Wikipedia - Symbolic mathematics
Wikipedia - Systems biology -- Computational and mathematical modeling of complex biological systems
Wikipedia - SYZ conjecture -- Mathemtical conjecture
Wikipedia - Sze-Tsen Hu -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - TacTix -- Two-player strategy game invented by Danish polymath Piet Hein
Wikipedia - Tadashi Nagano -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Tadashi Nakayama (mathematician) -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Taira Honda -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Takahiro Kawai -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Takahiro Shiota -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Takashi Ono (mathematician) -- Japanese-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Takebe KenkM-EM-^M -- Japanese mathematician and cartographer
Wikipedia - Takeo Nakasawa -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Takeo Wada -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - TakurM-EM-^M Mochizuki -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Talitha Washington -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Talithia Williams -- American mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Tamara Awerbuch-Friedlander -- Biomathematician and public health scientist
Wikipedia - Tamara G. Kolda -- American applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Tamar Schlick -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tamar Ziegler -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Tamas Hausel -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Tamas SzM-EM-^Qnyi -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Tamsin Mather -- Professor of Earth Sciences
Wikipedia - Tan Eng Chye -- Singaporean mathematician
Wikipedia - Tangent -- In mathematics, straight line touching a plane curve without crossing it
Wikipedia - Tania Mathias -- British Conservative politician
Wikipedia - Tanja Eisner -- Ukrainian-born German mathematician
Wikipedia - Tanja Stadler -- German mathematician and professor of computational evolution
Wikipedia - Tan Lei -- Mathematician (1963-2016)
Wikipedia - Tanya Christiansen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tanya Khovanova -- Russian American mathematician
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Wikipedia - Taqi ad-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf -- Ottoman Syrian polymath (1526-1585)
Wikipedia - Tara E. Brendle -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tara S. Holm -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Taro Morishima -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Tasawar Hayat -- Pakistani mathematician
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Wikipedia - Tasneem M. Shah -- Pakistani scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Tasso J. Kaper -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tatiana Shubin -- Soviet and American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tatiana Toro -- Colombian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tatjana Stykel -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Tatyana Afanasyeva -- Russian/Dutch mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Tatyana Pavlovna Ehrenfest -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Tatyana Shaposhnikova -- Russian-born Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Tau (mathematical constant)
Wikipedia - Taylor Booth (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Taylor diagram -- Mathematical diagram
Wikipedia - Technical indicator -- Mathematical calculation from market data to create a forecast
Wikipedia - Ted Harris (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ted Hill (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ted Kaczynski -- American domestic terrorist, anarchist, and former mathematician
Wikipedia - Tell Them of Battles, Kings, and Elephants -- Novel by Mathias Enard
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Wikipedia - Temple Rice Hollcroft -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Teofil M-EM-;ebrawski -- Polish polymath
Wikipedia - Teo Mora -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Terence Gaffney -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Terence Tao -- Australian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Teresa Cohen -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Teresa W. Haynes -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Terrence L. Fine -- American mathematician
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Wikipedia - Tetsuji Miwa -- Japanese mathematician
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Wikipedia - The Mathematical Association of America
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Wikipedia - The Mathematical Experience -- Book by Philip J. Davis
Wikipedia - The Mathematical Intelligencer
Wikipedia - The Mathematical Magpie -- Book by Clifton Fadiman
Wikipedia - The Mathematics of Life -- popular science book by mathematician Ian Stewart
Wikipedia - The monkey and the coconuts -- Diophantine mathematical puzzle
Wikipedia - The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
Wikipedia - Theodoor Jacobus Boks -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodore Frankel -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodore Gamelin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodore James Courant -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodore J. Rivlin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodore Seio Chihara -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodore Slaman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodor Estermann -- German-Jewish mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodore von Karman -- Hungarian-American mathematician, aerospace engineer and physicist
Wikipedia - Theodorus Dekker -- Dutch mathematician
Wikipedia - Theodor Vahlen -- German mathematician (1869-1945)
Wikipedia - Theophil Henry Hildebrandt -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Theorem -- In mathematics, a statement that has been proved
Wikipedia - Theory (mathematical logic)
Wikipedia - The Princeton Companion to Mathematics
Wikipedia - The Principles of Mathematics -- Book by Bertrand Russell
Wikipedia - Therkel Mathiassen
Wikipedia - The Screen (cinematheque) -- Movie theater in Santa Fe, New Mexico
Wikipedia - The Unimaginable Mathematics of Borges' Library of Babel
Wikipedia - The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences -- 1960 article by theoretical physicist and Nobel Prize laureate Eugene Wigner
Wikipedia - Thirumathi Hitler -- 2020 Tamil television series
Wikipedia - Thirumathi Palanisamy -- 1992 Tamil comedy-drama film
Wikipedia - Thirumathi Selvam -- 2007 Tamil drama
Wikipedia - Thirumathi Thamizh -- 2013 Tamil film
Wikipedia - ThM-CM-)odore Olivier -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - ThM-CM-)ophile Lepage -- Belgian mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Abbt -- German philosopher, mathematician and writer (1738-1766)
Wikipedia - Thomas Allen (mathematician) -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Baker (mathematician) -- English mathematician, born 1625
Wikipedia - Thomas Banchoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Barker (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Thomas Browne -- English polymath (1605-1682)
Wikipedia - Thomas Callister Hales -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Clausen (mathematician) -- Danish mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Thomas David Spearman -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Digges -- English mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - Thomas Fincke -- Danish mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Thomas Fiske -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Forster (mathematician) -- Set theorist and philosopher
Wikipedia - Thomas Galloway -- 19th-century Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas G. Kurtz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Hakon Gronwall -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas H. Brylawski -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Jones Enright -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Jones (mathematician) -- Welsh mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas J. Osler -- American mathematician, former national champion distance runner, and author
Wikipedia - Thomas L. Saaty -- Iraqi American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Mathis -- Austrian sports shooter
Wikipedia - Thomas Meredith -- Irish mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas M. Liggett -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas N. E. Greville -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas S. Ferguson -- American mathematician and statistician
Wikipedia - Thomas Ward (mathematician) -- British mathematician (born 1963)
Wikipedia - Thomas W. Hungerford -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas William Edmondson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas William Korner -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas W. Tucker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Thomas Young (scientist) -- English polymath
Wikipedia - Those Who Make Revolution Halfway Only Dig Their Own Graves -- 2016 film by Mathieu Denis
Wikipedia - Three Prisoners problem -- Mathematical problem
Wikipedia - Three-twist knot -- Mathematical knot with crossing number 5
Wikipedia - Three utilities problem -- Mathematical problem
Wikipedia - Thumatha senex -- Species of moth
Wikipedia - Thyra Eibe -- Danish mathematician and translator
Wikipedia - Thyrsa Frazier Svager -- African American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tibor M-EM- alat -- Slovak mathematician
Wikipedia - Tien-Yien Li -- American mathematician (1945-2020)
Wikipedia - Tiling (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Tilla Weinstein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tim Cochran -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Timeline of ancient Greek mathematicians
Wikipedia - Timeline of mathematics
Wikipedia - Time reversibility -- Type of physical or mathematical process
Wikipedia - Tim Matheson -- American actor
Wikipedia - Tim Mathieson -- Australian hairdresser and partner of Prime Minister Julia Gillard
Wikipedia - Timothy Gowers -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Timothy Kanold -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tim Pedley -- British mathematician and a former G
Wikipedia - Tinne Hoff Kjeldsen -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Titu Andreescu -- Romanian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tjalling Koopmans -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - TM-CM-)lie Mathiot -- French pole vaulter
Wikipedia - Tobias Colding -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Toby Gee -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Todd Arbogast -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Todd Oliynyk -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - TomaM-EM-> Pisanski -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Tomasz M-EM-^Auczak -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Tomasz Mrowka -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tom Bohman -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tom Bridgeland -- English mathematics professor (born 1973)
Wikipedia - Tom Brown (mathematician) -- American-Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Tombstone (typography) -- Symbol used in mathematics and typography
Wikipedia - Tomek Bartoszynski -- Polish-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tom Hull (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Tom Lehrer -- American singer-songwriter, satirist, and mathematician
Wikipedia - Tom M. Apostol -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tommy Mather -- British diver
Wikipedia - Tom Whiteside -- British mathematician and historian of mathematics
Wikipedia - Tony F. Chan -- Chinese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tony Lewis (mathematician) -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - Topic outline of mathematics
Wikipedia - Topological space -- Mathematical structure with a notion of closeness
Wikipedia - Topology -- Branch of mathematics
Wikipedia - Top type -- In mathematical logic and computer science, a type that contains all types as subtypes
Wikipedia - Tord Hall -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Torrence Parsons -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Toshiyuki Kobayashi -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Tosun TerzioM-DM-^_lu -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Tower of Hanoi -- Mathematical game or puzzle
Wikipedia - Trachette Jackson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tracy Yerkes Thomas -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Traditional mathematics
Wikipedia - Traian Lalescu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Train track (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Transactions of the American Mathematical Society
Wikipedia - Transactions on Mathematical Software
Wikipedia - Transformation (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Translation (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Treaty of Lausanne -- Peace treaty between the Turkish government and the Allied Powers at the aftermath of World War I, replacing the Treaty of Sevres
Wikipedia - Trena Wilkerson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tribeni, Udayapur -- Town in Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal
Wikipedia - Trichotomy (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Tristan Needham -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Triviality (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Trivial (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Troels Jorgensen -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - Tsiolkovsky rocket equation -- mathematical equation describing the motion of a rocket
Wikipedia - Tsit Yuen Lam -- Hong Kong-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Tsuneo Tamagawa -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Tudor Ganea -- Romanian American mathematician
Wikipedia - TUM Department of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Tuna Altinel -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Tux, of Math Command
Wikipedia - Twist knot -- Family of mathematical knots
Wikipedia - Type (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Type theory -- Concept in mathematical logic
Wikipedia - Uffe Haagerup -- Danish mathematician
Wikipedia - U. K. Anandavardhanan -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Ukhimath -- Small town and Hindu pilgrimage site in Rudraprayag district, Uttarakhand, India
Wikipedia - Ulf Grenander -- Swedish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ulla Dinger -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Ulla Pursiheimo -- Finnish mathematician
Wikipedia - Ulrica Wilson -- African-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ulrike Leopold-Wildburger -- Austrian mathematical economist
Wikipedia - Ulrike Mathesius -- Australian microbiologist
Wikipedia - Ultraproduct -- Mathematical construction
Wikipedia - Ulugh Beg -- Timurid ruler as well as an astronomer, mathematician and sultan (1394-1449)
Wikipedia - Unary operation -- Mathematical operation with only one operand
Wikipedia - Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics
Wikipedia - Underwood Dudley -- American mathematician and author
Wikipedia - Unfolding (functions) -- Family of mathematical functions
Wikipedia - Uniform algebra -- Mathematical concept
Wikipedia - Unimodular polynomial matrix -- square polynomial matrix in mathematics
Wikipedia - United States of America Mathematical Talent Search -- Mathematics competition in the United States
Wikipedia - Universe (mathematics)
Wikipedia - University of Cambridge Mathematical Laboratory
Wikipedia - University of Maryland College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences
Wikipedia - University of Toronto Department of Mathematics
Wikipedia - University of Waterloo Faculty of Mathematics -- University in Ontario, Canada
Wikipedia - Unreasonable ineffectiveness of mathematics
Wikipedia - Unscented optimal control -- Mathematics concept
Wikipedia - Unsolved problems in mathematics
Wikipedia - Unsolved problems of mathematics
Wikipedia - Urbain Le Verrier -- French astronomer and mathematician
Wikipedia - Urmila Mahadev -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Urs Stammbach -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Ursula HamenstM-CM-$dt -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - User talk:Mathematicmajic
Wikipedia - Uta Merzbach -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Uttaradi Math -- Hindu monastery
Wikipedia - Uwe Jannsen -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Vaclav E. BeneM-EM-! -- Czech-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Vagif Rza Ibrahimov -- Azerbaijani scientist in computational mathematics (b. 1947)
Wikipedia - Valentina Borok -- Ukrainian mathemtician
Wikipedia - Valentina Harizanov -- Serbian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Valentine Bargmann -- German-American mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Valeria de Paiva -- Brazilian mathematician, logician, and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Valerie Isham -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Valerie Myerscough -- British mathematician and astrophysicist
Wikipedia - Valery Alexeev (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - ValM-CM-)rie BerthM-CM-) -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Vanaja Iyengar -- Indian mathematician, educationist
Wikipedia - Vance Faber -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Vande Matharam (2001 film) -- 2001 film by Om Prakash
Wikipedia - Vandermonde's identity -- Mathematical theorem on convolved binomial coefficients
Wikipedia - Vanessa Robins -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vanitha Mathil -- Chain of women formed on 1 January 2019 at Kerala
Wikipedia - Varga K. Kalantarov -- Turkish mathematician
Wikipedia - Variable (mathematics) -- Symbol that represents an indeterminate value
Wikipedia - Vasanti N. Bhat-Nayak -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vashishtha Narayan Singh -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vaughan Jones -- New Zealand mathematician and Fields Medalist
Wikipedia - Vector (mathematics and physics) -- Element of a vector space
Wikipedia - Vector (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Vector notation -- Mathematical notation for working with vectors
Wikipedia - Vera Faddeeva -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vera Fischer (mathematician) -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vera Kublanovskaya -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vera M-EM- najder -- Bosnian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vera Myller -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vera Nikolaevna Maslennikova -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Vera Serganova -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Vera T. Sos -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Verena Huber-Dyson -- Swiss-American mathematician (1923-2016)
Wikipedia - Verner Emil Hoggatt Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Vernor Vinge -- American mathematician, computer scientist, and science fiction writer
Wikipedia - V. Frederick Rickey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor Andreevich Toponogov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor A. Vyssotsky -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Victor Guillemin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victoria Howle -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victoria Powers -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor Jamet -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor J. Katz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor Kac -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor Kolyvagin -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor L. Shapiro -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor Pan -- Soviet American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor S. Miller -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor Wickerhauser -- Croatian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Victor Zalgaller -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Viewpoints: Mathematical Perspective and Fractal Geometry in Art
Wikipedia - Viggo Stoltenberg-Hansen -- Swedish mathematician
Wikipedia - Vi Hart -- American recreational mathematician
Wikipedia - Vikram Bhagvandas Mehta -- Indian mathematician
Wikipedia - Viktor Bunyakovsky -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Viktor Ginzburg -- Russian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - VilM-CM-)m Mathesius -- Czech linguist, literature historian and science writer
Wikipedia - Vincent Calvez -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Vincent Lafforgue -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Vincent Moncrief -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Vincenzo Amato (mathematician) -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vincenzo Brunacci -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Viorel P. Barbu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Virgil Snyder -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Virginia Andreoli Mathie -- Retired psychology professor
Wikipedia - Virginia Mathews -- literacy advocate and author
Wikipedia - Virginia Ragsdale -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Virginia R. Young -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Virginia Tucker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Virginia Warfield -- American mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - Vishwesha Tirtha -- Indian Hindu guru, saint and swamiji of the Sri Pejavara Adokshaja Matha (1931-2019)
Wikipedia - Vito Volterra -- Italian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vittorio Mathieu -- Italian philosopher
Wikipedia - Vivek Borkar -- Indian electrical engineer and mathematician (born 1954)
Wikipedia - Vivette Girault -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Viviane Baladi -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Vivian O'Brien -- American applied mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Vivien Kirk -- New Zealand mathematician
Wikipedia - Vivienne Malone-Mayes -- American mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - V. J. Havel -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir Arnold -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir Batagelj -- Slovenian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir Iosifovich Kondrashov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir Markov (mathematician) -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir Mazya -- Swedish Mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir M-EM- verak -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir Rvachev -- Soviet Ukrainian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir Steklov (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Vladimir Tretyakov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vladimir Vranic -- Croatian mathematician
Wikipedia - V. Lakshmibai -- Indian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Vlastimil Dlab -- Czech-born Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Vlastimil Ptak -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - VM-CM-)ronique Cortier -- French mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - VM-CM-)ronique Mathieu -- French politician
Wikipedia - VM-DM-^[ra KM-EM-/rkova -- Czech mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - VM-DM-^[ra Trnkova -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - VojtM-DM-^[ch Jarnik -- Czech academic, mathematician and university educator
Wikipedia - VojtM-DM-^[ch Rodl -- Czech American mathematician
Wikipedia - Volatility tax -- Mathematical finance term
Wikipedia - Volodymyr Korolyuk -- Ukrainian mathematician
Wikipedia - Volodymyr Levytsky -- Ukrainian mathematician (1872-1956)
Wikipedia - Vyacheslav Rychkov -- Theoretical physicist and mathematician (b. 1975)
Wikipedia - Vyasaraja Math (Sosale)
Wikipedia - Vyjayanthi Chari -- Indian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wade Edward Philpott -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wade Ellis -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wadi Mathendous -- Archaeological site in Libya
Wikipedia - Waleed Al-Salam -- Iraqi mathematician
Wikipedia - Wallie Abraham Hurwitz -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wally Smith (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Walter Alexander Strauss -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Borho -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Brown (mathematician) -- Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Burton Ford -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Edwin Arnoldi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Francis Willcox -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Fricke -- cryptanalyst, mathematician and professor
Wikipedia - Walter Gottschalk -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Hayman -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Knodel -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Noll -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Richard Talbot -- African American mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Rudin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Schnee -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Walter Wilson Stothers -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Walther von Dyck -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wanda Szmielew -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Wang Yuan (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Wanjira Mathai -- Kenyan environmentalist
Wikipedia - Warren Ambrose -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Warren Weaver -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Warsaw School of Mathematics
Wikipedia - Warwick Tucker -- Australian mathematician
Wikipedia - Water quality modelling -- The prediction of water pollution using mathematical simulation techniques
Wikipedia - Wat Koei Chai Nuea (Borommathat) -- Historic temple in Koei Chai, Thailand
Wikipedia - Wave function -- Mathematical description of the quantum state of a system; complex-valued probability amplitude, and the probabilities for the possible results of measurements made on the system can be derived from it
Wikipedia - Wawrzyniec M-EM-;murko -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - W. Dale Brownawell -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Weakly symmetric space -- geometry notion in mathematics
Wikipedia - Wealthy Babcock -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Weierstrass's elliptic functions -- Class of mathematical functions
Wikipedia - Weight (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Wei-Ming Ni -- Taiwanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Weinan E -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Weiqing Gu -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Welington de Melo -- Brazilian mathematician
Wikipedia - Well-posed problem -- Term regarding the properties that mathematical models of physical phenomena should have
Wikipedia - Wendell Fleming -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wendy Myrvold -- Canadian mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Wenxian Shen -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Werner Boy -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Werner Gysin -- Swiss mathematician
Wikipedia - Werner Hildenbrand -- German mathematician and economist
Wikipedia - West Area Computers -- All-African American group of female mathematicians at the NACA Langley Research Center
Wikipedia - W. Forrest Stinespring -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Where Mathematics Comes From
Wikipedia - Whittaker model -- In mathematics, representation of a reductive algebraic group
Wikipedia - Wieslawa Niziol -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Wigner's theorem -- Theorem in the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
Wikipedia - Wigner surmise -- Scientific hypothesis in mathematical physics
Wikipedia - Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/Assessment/Algebra -- historical document
Wikipedia - Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/Assessment/Analysis -- historical document
Wikipedia - Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/Wikipedia 1.0/Geometry -- historical document
Wikipedia - Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/Wikipedia 1.0/Mathematicians -- historical document
Wikipedia - Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics -- Wikimedia subject-area collaboration
Wikipedia - Wilfried de Beauclair -- German mathematician and engineer
Wikipedia - Wilfried Imrich -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilfried Schmid -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Cauer -- German mathematician and scientist
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Franz Meyer -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Grunwald -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Killing -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Klingenberg -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Ljunggren -- Norwegian mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Magnus -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Muller (physicist) -- German mathematician and physicist
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Schlag -- Austrian American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelm Specht -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilhelmus Luxemburg -- Dutch American mathematician
Wikipedia - Willard L. Miranker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Willem van Zwet -- Dutch mathematical statistician
Wikipedia - William Abikoff -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William A. Dembski -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Alvin Howard -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William A. Massey (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Anthony Granville -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Arthur Kirk -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Arthur (mathematician)
Wikipedia - William Arveson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William A. Veech -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Beckner (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Bigelow Easton -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William B. Johnson (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Boone (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Browder (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Caspar Graustein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Charles Brenke -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William C. Waterhouse -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Dunham (mathematician) -- American writer
Wikipedia - William Edward Story -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Elwood Byerly -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William F. Donoghue Jr. -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Feller -- Croatian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Floyd (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Fogg Osgood -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Francis Pohl -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Frederick Eberlein -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Fulton (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Gardiner (mathematician) -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - William G. Bade -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Gerard Dwyer -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Goldman (mathematician) -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Gordon Mathews -- West Virginian judge and lawyer
Wikipedia - William Haboush -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Hamilton Meeks, III -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Henry Roever -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Jaco -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William J. Cook -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William J. Ellison -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - William J. Firey -- mathematician
Wikipedia - William John Greenstreet -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - William Jones (mathematician)
Wikipedia - William Kantor -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Karush -- American mathematician and educator
Wikipedia - William Kingdon Clifford -- English mathematician and philosopher
Wikipedia - William Kruskal -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Lawvere -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Leybourn -- English surveyor and mathematician
Wikipedia - William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition
Wikipedia - William Mather -- British politician
Wikipedia - William Mathias -- Welsh composer (1934-1992)
Wikipedia - William Messing -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Metzler -- Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - William Minicozzi -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Payne (mathematician) -- English mathematician
Wikipedia - William Perry -- American mathematician, businessman and 19th US Secretary of Defense
Wikipedia - William Pitt Durfee -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Playfair -- British polymath
Wikipedia - William Prager -- German American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Raoul Reagle Transue -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Rowan Hamilton -- Irish mathematician and astronomer
Wikipedia - William S. Hatcher -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William S. Massey -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William S. Zwicker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Thomas Fletcher -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Thomson (mathematician) -- (1856-1947) Scottish mathematician
Wikipedia - William Threlfall -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - William Thurston -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William T. Trotter -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Wallace (mathematician)
Wikipedia - William Wallace Smith Bliss -- American army officer and mathematician
Wikipedia - William Williams Mather
Wikipedia - William Woolsey Johnson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - William Y.C. Chen -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Willi JM-CM-$ger -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Willi Rinow -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wilson Sutherland -- British mathematician
Wikipedia - Winifred Asprey -- American computer scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Winifred Edgerton Merrill -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Winnie Li -- Taiwanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays
Wikipedia - Winning Ways for Your Mathematical Plays -- Book by Berlekamp, Conway and Guy
Wikipedia - Witness (mathematics)
Wikipedia - Witold Rybczynski -- Polish physicist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Wittenberg interpretation of Copernicus -- Work of astronomers and mathematicians at the University of Wittenberg
Wikipedia - Wittgenstein's philosophy of mathematics
Wikipedia - WKB approximation -- Mathematical method
Wikipedia - Wladimir Seidel -- German-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wladyslaw Slebodzinski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Wladyslaw Orlicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Wladyslaw ZajM-DM-^Eczkowski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Wlodzimierz Kuperberg -- Polish American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wlodzimierz StoM-EM- -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Wojciech Samotij -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolf Barth -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Cramer -- German philosopher and mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Dahmen -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Doeblin -- French-German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Franz (mathematician) -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Grobner -- Austrian mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Hackbusch -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Hahn -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Krull -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Luck -- German mathematician
Wikipedia - Wolfgang Smith -- Mathematician and philosopher of science
Wikipedia - Wolf Prize in Mathematics
Wikipedia - Wolfram Mathematica -- Computational software program
Wikipedia - Wolfram MathWorld
Wikipedia - Woody Bledsoe -- American mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Word (mathematics)
Wikipedia - W. R. (Red) Alford -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - W. T. Martin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - W. T. Tutte -- British-Canadian codebreaker and mathematician
Wikipedia - Wu-Chung Hsiang -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Wu Wenjun -- Chinese mathematician (1919-2017)
Wikipedia - W. Wesley Peterson -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - XHTML+MathML+SVG
Wikipedia - Xiaoying Han -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Xiaoyu Luo -- Chinese and British applied mathematician
Wikipedia - Xi Nanhua -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Xiuxiong Chen -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Yael Dowker -- Israeli mathematician
Wikipedia - Yael Karshon -- Israeli and Canadian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yakov Geronimus -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yao's Millionaires' problem -- Problem in mathematics
Wikipedia - Yaroslav Lopatinskii -- Ukrainian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yasha Asley -- British mathematics child prodigy
Wikipedia - Yassamine Mather -- Iranian scholar
Wikipedia - Yasumasa Kanada -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Yasutaka Ihara -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Yevgeny Dyakonov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yewande Olubummo -- Nigerian-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ye Xiangdong -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Yiqun Lisa Yin -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Yitang Zhang -- Chinese-born American mathematician
Wikipedia - Yoichi Miyaoka -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Yongbin Ruan -- Mathematician
Wikipedia - Yong Seung Cho -- Korean mathematician
Wikipedia - Yoshiharu Kohayakawa -- Japanese-Brazilian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yoshio Mikami -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Yoshiro Mori (mathematician) -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - YoungJu Choie -- South Korean mathematician
Wikipedia - Yousef Saad -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Yozo Matsushima -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Yuan-Shih Chow -- Chinese American mathematician
Wikipedia - Yudell Luke -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Yujiro Kawamata -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - YuktibhaM-aM-9M-#a -- Treatise on mathematics and astronomy
Wikipedia - Yulij Ilyashenko -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yuliya Mishura -- Ukrainian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yuri Aleksandrovich Brychkov -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yuri Burago -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yurii Vladimirovich Egorov -- Russian-Soviet mathematician
Wikipedia - Yuriko Renardy -- Japanese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Yuri Manin -- Russian mathematician
Wikipedia - Yusu Wang -- Chinese computer scientist and mathematician
Wikipedia - Yutaka Nishiyama -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Yutaka Yamamoto (mathematician) -- Japanese mathematician
Wikipedia - Yuval Flicker -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - Yves Laszlo -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Yvette Amice -- French mathematician
Wikipedia - Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat -- French mathematician, physicist
Wikipedia - Yvonne Dold-Samplonius -- Dutch mathematician, historian of mathematics and historian (1937-2014)
Wikipedia - Zalman Usiskin -- American mathematician
Wikipedia - ZbynM-DM-^[k M-EM- idak -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - ZdenM-DM-^[k DvoM-EM-^Yak -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - ZdenM-DM-^[k Frolik -- Czech mathematician
Wikipedia - Zdzislaw Krygowski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Zdzislaw Skupien -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Zenodorus (mathematician)
Wikipedia - Zenon Waraszkiewicz -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Zentralblatt MATH -- Abstracting and reviewing service for pure and applied mathematics
Wikipedia - Zero-sum game -- Mathematical representation of a situation in which each participant's gain or loss of utility is exactly balanced by the losses or gains of the utility of the other participants
Wikipedia - Zhang Heng -- Chinese polymath
Wikipedia - Zhihong Xia -- Chinese-American mathematician
Wikipedia - Ziauddin Ahmad -- Indian mathematician and philosopher
Wikipedia - Zoard GeM-EM-^Qcze -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Zoel Garcia de Galdeano -- Spanish mathematician
Wikipedia - Zofia Szmydt -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Zoia Ceausescu -- Romanian mathematician
Wikipedia - Zoltan Furedi -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Zoltan Pal Dienes -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Zoltan Szabo (mathematician) -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Zorn's lemma -- mathematical proposition equivalent to the axiom of choice
Wikipedia - Zsolt Baranyai -- Hungarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Zu Chongzhi -- Chinese mathematician-astronomer
Wikipedia - Zuowei Shen -- Chinese mathematician
Wikipedia - Zuse Institute Berlin -- Research institute for applied mathematics and computer science in Berlin, Germany
Wikipedia - Zvezdelina Stankova -- Bulgarian mathematician
Wikipedia - Zvi Galil -- Israeli mathematician and computer scientist
Wikipedia - Zvonimir Janko -- Croatian mathematician
Wikipedia - Zygmunt Janiszewski -- Polish mathematician
Wikipedia - Zygmunt Zalcwasser -- Polish mathematician
Kelly Miller ::: Born: July 23, 1863; Died: December 29, 1939; Occupation: Mathematician;
Joe Namath ::: Born: May 31, 1943; Occupation: Football player;
John Forbes Nash ::: Born: June 13, 1928; Died: May 23, 2015; Occupation: Mathematician;
John von Neumann ::: Born: December 28, 1903; Died: February 8, 1957; Occupation: Mathematician;
Blaise Pascal ::: Born: June 19, 1623; Died: August 19, 1662; Occupation: Mathematician;
Henri Poincare ::: Born: April 29, 1854; Died: July 17, 1912; Occupation: Mathematician;
Alan Turing ::: Born: June 23, 1912; Died: June 7, 1954; Occupation: Mathematician;
Andre Weil ::: Born: May 6, 1906; Died: August 6, 1998; Occupation: Mathematician;
William Whewell ::: Born: May 24, 1794; Died: March 6, 1866; Occupation: Polymath;
Alfred North Whitehead ::: Born: February 15, 1861; Died: December 30, 1947; Occupation: Mathematician;
Norbert Wiener ::: Born: November 26, 1894; Died: March 18, 1964; Occupation: Mathematician;
Andrew Wiles ::: Born: April 11, 1953; Occupation: Mathematician;
George Boole ::: Born: November 2, 1815; Died: December 8, 1864; Occupation: Mathematician;
Frederica Mathewes-Green ::: Born: 1952; Occupation: Author;
Jacob Bronowski ::: Born: January 18, 1908; Died: August 22, 1974; Occupation: Mathematician;
Hermann Weyl ::: Born: November 9, 1885; Died: December 8, 1955; Occupation: Mathematician;
Benjamin Peirce ::: Born: April 4, 1809; Died: October 6, 1880; Occupation: Mathematician;
Emilie du Chatelet ::: Born: December 17, 1706; Died: September 10, 1749; Occupation: Mathematician;
Cotton Mather ::: Born: February 12, 1663; Died: February 13, 1728; Occupation: Author;
Eric Temple Bell ::: Born: February 7, 1883; Died: December 21, 1960; Occupation: Mathematician;
Seymour Papert ::: Born: February 29, 1928; Died: July 31, 2016; Occupation: Mathematician;
Johan Galtung ::: Born: October 24, 1930; Occupation: Mathematician;
Simeon Denis Poisson ::: Born: June 21, 1781; Died: April 25, 1840; Occupation: Mathematician;
Srinivasa Ramanujan ::: Born: December 22, 1887; Died: April 26, 1920; Occupation: Mathematician;
George Polya ::: Born: December 13, 1887; Died: September 7, 1985; Occupation: Mathematician;
Hermann Minkowski ::: Born: June 22, 1864; Died: January 12, 1909; Occupation: Mathematician;
Jessica Mathews ::: Born: July 4, 1946;
Gian-Carlo Rota ::: Born: April 27, 1932; Died: April 18, 1999; Occupation: Mathematician;
John Lennox ::: Born: 1945; Occupation: Mathematician;
Pierre-Simon Laplace ::: Born: March 23, 1749; Died: March 5, 1827; Occupation: Mathematician;
Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet ::: Born: August 13, 1819; Died: February 1, 1903; Occupation: Mathematician;
Francis Galton ::: Born: February 16, 1822; Died: January 17, 1911; Occupation: Polymath;
Karl Pearson ::: Born: March 27, 1857; Died: April 27, 1936; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mathilde Blind ::: Born: March 21, 1841; Died: November 26, 1896; Occupation: Poet;
Farkas Bolyai ::: Born: February 9, 1775; Died: November 20, 1856; Occupation: Mathematician;
Richard Courant ::: Born: January 8, 1888; Died: January 27, 1972; Occupation: Mathematician;
Georg Cantor ::: Born: March 3, 1845; Died: January 6, 1918; Occupation: Mathematician;
Claude Shannon ::: Born: April 30, 1916; Died: February 24, 2001; Occupation: Mathematician;
Charles Proteus Steinmetz ::: Born: April 9, 1865; Died: October 26, 1923; Occupation: Mathematician;
Arthur Cayley ::: Born: August 16, 1821; Died: January 26, 1895; Occupation: Mathematician;
John G. Kemeny ::: Born: May 31, 1926; Died: December 26, 1992; Occupation: Mathematician;
Charles Mathias ::: Born: July 24, 1922; Died: January 25, 2010; Occupation: Former member of the United States Senate;
Jean le Rond d'Alembert ::: Born: November 16, 1717; Died: October 29, 1783; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mathew Staver ::: Born: 1956; Occupation: Lawyer;
Augustus De Morgan ::: Born: June 27, 1806; Died: March 18, 1871; Occupation: Mathematician;
James Joseph Sylvester ::: Born: September 3, 1814; Died: March 15, 1897; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mathew Brady ::: Born: May 18, 1822; Died: January 15, 1896; Occupation: Photographer;
Henri Lebesgue ::: Born: June 28, 1875; Died: July 26, 1941; Occupation: Mathematician;
Joseph-Louis Lagrange ::: Born: January 25, 1736; Died: April 10, 1813; Occupation: Mathematician;
Christiaan Huygens ::: Born: April 14, 1629; Died: July 8, 1695; Occupation: Mathematician;
Paul Halmos ::: Born: March 3, 1916; Died: October 2, 2006; Occupation: Mathematician;
Leopold Kronecker ::: Born: December 7, 1823; Died: December 29, 1891; Occupation: Mathematician;
Daniel Bernoulli ::: Born: February 8, 1700; Died: March 17, 1782; Occupation: Mathematician;
Evariste Galois ::: Born: October 25, 1811; Died: May 31, 1832; Occupation: Mathematician;
Pierre Louis Maupertuis ::: Born: September 28, 1698; Died: July 27, 1759; Occupation: Mathematician;
Gottlob Frege ::: Born: November 8, 1848; Died: July 26, 1925; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mary Everest Boole ::: Born: 1832; Died: 1916; Occupation: Mathematician;
Niels Henrik Abel ::: Born: August 5, 1802; Died: April 6, 1829; Occupation: Mathematician;
Isaac Todhunter ::: Born: November 23, 1820; Died: March 1, 1884; Occupation: Mathematician;
Adrien-Marie Legendre ::: Born: September 18, 1752; Died: January 10, 1833; Occupation: Mathematician;
Sofia Kovalevskaya ::: Born: January 15, 1850; Died: February 10, 1891; Occupation: Mathematician;
Giuseppe Peano ::: Born: August 27, 1858; Died: April 20, 1932; Occupation: Mathematician;
George Andrews ::: Born: December 4, 1938; Occupation: Mathematician;
Nikolai Lobachevsky ::: Born: December 1, 1792; Died: February 24, 1856; Occupation: Mathematician;
William Kingdon Clifford ::: Born: May 4, 1845; Died: March 3, 1879; Occupation: Mathematician;
Wolfgang Smith ::: Born: 1930; Occupation: Mathematician;
Bernard Bolzano ::: Born: October 5, 1781; Died: December 18, 1848; Occupation: Mathematician;
Increase Mather ::: Born: June 21, 1639; Died: August 23, 1723;
Mathis Wackernagel ::: Born: November 10, 1962;
Ralph P. Boas, Jr. ::: Born: August 8, 1912; Died: July 25, 1992; Occupation: Mathematician;
Janos Bolyai ::: Born: December 15, 1802; Died: January 27, 1860; Occupation: Mathematician;
Joseph Fourier ::: Born: March 21, 1768; Died: May 16, 1830; Occupation: Mathematician;
Hermann Hankel ::: Born: February 14, 1839; Died: August 29, 1873; Occupation: Mathematician;
Edward Kasner ::: Born: April 2, 1878; Died: January 7, 1955; Occupation: Mathematician;
Heinz Hopf ::: Born: November 19, 1894; Died: June 3, 1971; Occupation: Mathematician;
Nicolaus Copernicus ::: Born: February 19, 1473; Died: May 24, 1543; Occupation: Mathematician;
Samantha Mathis ::: Born: May 12, 1970; Occupation: Film actress;
Mathieu Amalric ::: Born: October 25, 1965; Occupation: Film actor;
Louis Bachelier ::: Born: March 11, 1870; Died: April 28, 1946; Occupation: Mathematician;
Tim Matheson ::: Born: December 31, 1947; Occupation: Actor;
Mathieu Kassovitz ::: Born: August 3, 1967; Occupation: Film director;
Stanislaw Ulam ::: Born: April 13, 1909; Died: May 13, 1984; Occupation: Mathematician;
John Edensor Littlewood ::: Born: June 9, 1885; Died: September 6, 1977; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mitchell Feigenbaum ::: Born: December 19, 1944; Occupation: Mathematical Physicist;
William A. Dembski ::: Born: July 18, 1960; Occupation: Mathematician;
Euclid ::: Born: 435 BC; Died: 365 BC; Occupation: Mathematician;
Charles Hermite ::: Born: December 24, 1822; Died: January 14, 1901; Occupation: Mathematician;
Antoni Zygmund ::: Born: December 25, 1900; Died: May 30, 1992; Occupation: Mathematician;
Alonzo Church ::: Born: June 14, 1903; Died: August 11, 1995; Occupation: Mathematician;
John Dee ::: Born: July 13, 1527; Died: March 26, 1609; Occupation: Mathematician;
Alexander Grothendieck ::: Born: March 28, 1928; Died: November 13, 2014; Occupation: Mathematician;
Augustin-Louis Cauchy ::: Born: August 21, 1789; Died: May 23, 1857; Occupation: Mathematician;
Johann Bernoulli ::: Born: August 6, 1667; Died: January 1, 1748; Occupation: Mathematician;
Jacob Bernoulli ::: Born: December 27, 1654; Died: August 16, 1705; Occupation: Mathematician;
John Napier ::: Born: 1550; Died: April 4, 1617; Occupation: Mathematician;
Karl Weierstrass ::: Born: October 31, 1815; Died: February 19, 1897; Occupation: Mathematician;
Richard Dedekind ::: Born: October 6, 1831; Died: February 12, 1916; Occupation: Mathematician;
Jacob Bernoulli ::: Born: December 27, 1654; Died: August 16, 1705; Occupation: Mathematician;
Gerolamo Cardano ::: Born: September 24, 1501; Died: September 21, 1576; Occupation: Mathematician;
Jacques Hadamard ::: Born: December 8, 1865; Died: October 17, 1963; Occupation: Mathematician;
Stephen Cole Kleene ::: Born: January 5, 1909; Died: January 25, 1994; Occupation: Mathematician;
Bernhard Riemann ::: Born: September 17, 1826; Died: July 20, 1866; Occupation: Mathematician;
Doron Zeilberger ::: Born: July 2, 1950; Occupation: Mathematician;
William Fogg Osgood ::: Born: March 10, 1864; Died: July 22, 1943; Occupation: Mathematician;
Philip J. Hanlon ::: Born: 1955; Occupation: Mathematician;
Sophus Lie ::: Born: December 17, 1842; Died: February 18, 1899; Occupation: Mathematician;
L. E. J. Brouwer ::: Born: February 27, 1881; Died: December 2, 1966; Occupation: Mathematician;
Harold Davenport ::: Born: October 30, 1907; Died: June 9, 1969; Occupation: Mathematician;
Richard Askey ::: Born: June 4, 1933; Occupation: Mathematician;
David van Dantzig ::: Born: September 23, 1900; Died: July 22, 1959; Occupation: Mathematician;
Irving Kaplansky ::: Born: March 22, 1917; Died: June 25, 2006; Occupation: Mathematician;
John G. Bennett ::: Born: June 8, 1897; Died: December 13, 1974; Occupation: Mathematician;
Paul Erdos ::: Born: March 26, 1913; Died: September 20, 1996; Occupation: Mathematician;
Leonhard Euler ::: Born: April 15, 1707; Died: September 18, 1783; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mathew Roydon ::: Born: 1580; Died: 1622; Occupation: Poet;
Emil Artin ::: Born: March 3, 1898; Died: December 20, 1962; Occupation: Mathematician;
Michael Atiyah ::: Born: April 22, 1929; Occupation: Mathematician;
Pierre Deligne ::: Born: October 3, 1944; Occupation: Mathematician;
Louis J. Mordell ::: Born: January 28, 1888; Died: March 12, 1972; Occupation: Mathematician;
Jean-Pierre Serre ::: Born: September 15, 1926; Occupation: Mathematician;
Rene Thom ::: Born: September 2, 1923; Died: October 25, 2002; Occupation: Mathematician;
Gregory Chaitin ::: Born: 1947; Occupation: Mathematician;
Timothy Gowers ::: Born: November 20, 1963; Occupation: Mathematician;
Grigori Perelman ::: Born: June 13, 1966; Occupation: Mathematician;
Daniel J. Bernstein ::: Born: October 29, 1971; Occupation: Mathematician;
Barry Mazur ::: Born: December 19, 1937; Occupation: Mathematician;
Ross Mathews ::: Born: September 24, 1979; Occupation: Television Personality;
Antanas Mockus ::: Born: March 25, 1952; Occupation: Mathematician;
Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi ::: Born: December 10, 1804; Died: February 18, 1851; Occupation: Mathematician;
Carl Friedrich Gauss ::: Born: April 30, 1777; Died: February 23, 1855; Occupation: Mathematician;
W.A. Mathieu ::: Born: 1937; Occupation: Composer;
Edmund Landau ::: Born: February 14, 1877; Died: February 19, 1938; Occupation: Mathematician;
Terence Tao ::: Born: July 17, 1975; Occupation: Mathematician;
Herbert Wilf ::: Born: June 13, 1931; Died: January 7, 2012; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov ::: Born: December 23, 1943; Occupation: Mathematician;
Brahmagupta ::: Born: 598; Died: 670; Occupation: Mathematician;
Sophie Germain ::: Born: April 1, 1776; Died: June 27, 1831; Occupation: Mathematician;
Isadore Singer ::: Born: April 24, 1924; Occupation: Professor of mathematics;
G. H. Hardy ::: Born: February 7, 1877; Died: December 1, 1947; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mathew Baynton ::: Born: November 18, 1980; Occupation: Actor;
Francois Viete ::: Born: 1540; Died: February 23, 1603; Occupation: Mathematician;
Saunders Mac Lane ::: Born: August 4, 1909; Died: April 14, 2005; Occupation: Mathematician;
David Hilbert ::: Born: January 23, 1862; Died: February 14, 1943; Occupation: Mathematician;
Robert Aumann ::: Born: June 8, 1930; Occupation: Mathematician;
Charles Babbage ::: Born: December 26, 1791; Died: October 18, 1871; Occupation: Mathematician;
Ken Ono ::: Born: March 20, 1968; Occupation: Mathematician;
Theodore Kaczynski ::: Born: May 22, 1942; Occupation: Mathematician;
Maryam Mirzakhani ::: Born: May 3, 1977; Occupation: Mathematician;
Johannes Kepler ::: Born: December 27, 1571; Died: November 15, 1630; Occupation: Mathematician;
Felix Klein ::: Born: April 25, 1849; Died: June 22, 1925; Occupation: Mathematician;
Gottfried Leibniz ::: Born: July 1, 1646; Died: November 14, 1716; Occupation: Mathematician;
Mathieu Demy ::: Born: October 15, 1972; Occupation: Film actor;
Benoit Mandelbrot ::: Born: November 20, 1924; Died: October 14, 2010; Occupation: Mathematician;
Richard Matheson ::: Born: February 20, 1926; Died: June 23, 2013; Occupation: Author;
Harry Mathews ::: Born: February 14, 1930; Died: January 25, 2017; Occupation: Author;
Mireille Mathieu ::: Born: July 22, 1946; Occupation: Singer;
Johnny Mathis ::: Born: September 30, 1935; Occupation: Singer;
Cameron Mathison ::: Born: August 25, 1969; Occupation: Actor;
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https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/907401.Edmond_A_Mathez
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/939955.Mathieu_Mariolle
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/9522755.Mathilde_Hoekstra
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/9546815.Neil_Mathison
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/95926.Steven_D_Mathewson
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/961261.Mathieu_Sapin
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/9761952.Mathilde_Thomas
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/9845715.Adriana_Mather
Goodreads author - Richard_Christian_Matheson
Goodreads author - Jerry_Mathes_II
Goodreads author - Dirk_Mathison
Goodreads author - Mathew_Babaoye
Goodreads author - Edgar_Mathieu
Goodreads author - Georgia_Carter_Mathers
Goodreads author - P_F_Mathews
Goodreads author - Joshua_Mathew
Goodreads author - Charles_T_Mathewes
Goodreads author - Mathias_Malzieu
Goodreads author - Catherine_Mathelin
Goodreads author - Mathew_Snyder
Goodreads author - Mathieu_Gaborit
Goodreads author - Mathilde_Edith_Holtz
Goodreads author - M_R_Mathias
Goodreads author - Andrew_Mathews
Goodreads author - R_L_Mathewson
Goodreads author - Sarah_Matheny
Goodreads author - S_L_MacGregor_Mathers
Goodreads author - Mathias_nard
Goodreads author - Ayana_Mathis
Goodreads author - Harry_Mathews
Goodreads author - Mathias_Meyer
Goodreads author - Mathew_Dunn
Goodreads author - Jennifer_Mathews
Goodreads author - Louise_Mathias
Goodreads author - Matthew_Mather
Goodreads author - Jennifer_Mathieu
Goodreads author - Anne_Mather
Goodreads author - Carolyn_Mathews
Goodreads author - Jerry_D_Mathes
Goodreads author - P_F_Mathews
Goodreads author - Mark_Mathabane
Goodreads author - Taran_Matharu
Goodreads author - Charlotte_Mary_Matheson
Goodreads author - Mathias_Svalina
Goodreads author - Bhanumathi_Narasimhan
Goodreads author - Hal_Mathew
Goodreads author - Francine_Mathews
Goodreads author - Richard_Matheson
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Kheper - Mathers -- 30
http://malankazlev.com/kheper/topics/mathematics/index.html -- 0
auromere - where-does-mathematics-come-from
Integral World - Synchronicity and Mathematics: A Response to the Lanes, Elliot Benjamin
Integral World - Integral Mathematics: A Four Quadrants Approach , Elliot Benjamin
Integral World - Mathematical Proof and Logic, A Response to Peter Collins, Elliot Benjamin
Integral World - The Art Form of Mathematics, A Response to Peter Collins, Elliot Benjamin
Integral World - Mathematics or Philosophy or Science?, Elliot Benjamin
Integral World - The Mathematical Universe, Science, and Euler's Formula, Elliot Benjamin
Integral World - An Integral Mathematical Stage Model of Perspectives 3, Peter Collins
Integral World - The Problem with Mathematical Proof: Lack of an Integral Dimension, Peter Collins
Integral World - The Spectrum of Mathematics, Peter Collins
Integral World - Dynamic Nature of the Number System, Part I: Mathematics at a Crossroads, Peter Collins
Integral World - The Remarkable Euler Formula, Part 2. Where Mathematical and Spiritual Reality Meet, Peter Collins
Integral World - Clarifying Perspectives 4: Higher Order Perspectives and Integral Mathematics, Peter Collins
Integral World - An Integral Mathematical Stage Model of Perspectives 1, Peter Collins
Integral World - An Integral Mathematical Stage Model of Perspectives 2, Peter Collins
Integral World - You are Probability, Exploring the Universe as a Mathematical Superstructure, David Lane and Andrea Diem-Lane
Integral World - Impossible Rhetoric: Boomeritis and its rhetorical problems, Mathias Larsen
Integral World - Universal Pyramid, Jomy Mathews
Integral World - Universal Union, Jomy Mathews
Integral World - Pyramidal Democracy, Jomy Mathews
Integral World - Getting to the Point, A Review of Mike Hockney's The Mathematical Universe, Andy Smith
Integral World - Six Dimensional Space/Time, Mathematical Intuitions Underlying the Integral Meta-Paradigm of Science Named 'Collaborative Developmental Action Inquiry', Bill Torbert
Integral World -
Essential Meditations: Shamatha and Vipashyana
selforum - why we need maths and music and art
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2012/10/esoteric-mathematics.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2012/12/math-vortex.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2014/10/mathematical-dimensions.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2014/10/the-mystery-of-aleph-mathematics.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2014/10/vedic-mathematics-and-vedic-science.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2014/12/mathematics-science-and-spirituality.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2015/06/pseudomathematics.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2015/10/mathematics-and-art.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2016/06/michio-kakuis-god-mathematician.html
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2017/07/is-there-multidimensional-mathematical.html
dedroidify.blogspot - marko-rodin-math
https://circumsolatious.blogspot.com/2011/07/thea-vedic-mathematics-geometry-of-time.html
https://circumsolatious.blogspot.com/2013/03/the-mathematical-formula-of-supramental.html
https://esotericotherworlds.blogspot.com/2013/02/polymath.html
https://esotericotherworlds.blogspot.com/2013/03/dimension-mathematics-and-physics.html
https://esotericotherworlds.blogspot.com/2013/03/the-mathematics-of-paranormal.html
https://esotericotherworlds.blogspot.com/2013/06/polymath.html
wiki.auroville - Mathan
wiki.auroville - Mathilde_Alfassa
wiki.auroville - Pramatha
Dharmapedia - Indian_mathematics
Dharmapedia - Mathura
Dharmapedia - M._V._Kamath
Psychology Wiki - Ethnomathematics
Psychology Wiki - Human_sex_differences#Mathematics
Psychology Wiki - Math
Psychology Wiki - Mathematics
Psychology Wiki - Matrix_(mathematics)
Psychology Wiki - Optimization_(mathematics)
Psychology Wiki - Philosophy_of_mathematics
Psychology Wiki - Principia_Mathematica
Psychology Wiki - Shamatha
Psychology Wiki - Statistics_&_mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - aristotle-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - boolalg-math
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - descartes-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - fictionalism-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - formalism-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - kant-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - mathematical-style
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - mathematics-constructive
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - mathematics-explanation
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - mathematics-inconsistent
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - mathematics-nondeductive
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - mathphil-indis
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - naturalism-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - nominalism-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - philosophy-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - platonism-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - principia-mathematica
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - structuralism-mathematics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - wittgenstein-mathematics
Occultopedia - amathomancy
Occultopedia - aromatherapy
Occultopedia - iatromathematics
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http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/AkumaTh
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http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Iamathousandapples
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Math
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Math792d
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Mathemagician
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Mathias
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Mathicalaurachanneler
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Mathleticism
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/MathsAngelicVersion
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/MathStar
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Roymathew
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/UltimaThule
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Abstraction_(mathematics)
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Aftermath_of_World_War_II
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/A_History_of_Mathematics
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_mathematics
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/An_Introduction_to_Mathematics
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Applied_mathematics
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/rni_Mathiesen
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/A_Short_Account_of_the_History_of_Mathematics
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/A_Treatise_on_the_Mathematical_Theory_of_Elasticity
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Biju_Mathew
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Category:Films_about_mathematics
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https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Chamath_Palihapitiya
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https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Cotton_Mather
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Dan_Mathews
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Doctrine_of_proportion_(mathematics)
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https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/File:Aftermath_Battle_of_Triboltingen.jpg
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https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/pl:Mathew_B._Brady
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https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:MathWikibase
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https://allpoetry.com/Cornelius-Mathews
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https://allpoetry.com/Julie-Mathilde-Lippmann
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https://allpoetry.com/Mather-Byles
https://allpoetry.com/Mathilde-Blind
https://allpoetry.com/Mathilde-Raven
https://allpoetry.com/Mathurin-Regnier
https://allpoetry.com/Samuel-Mathewson-Baylis
https://allpoetry.com/Walter-J-Mathams
Square One Television (1987 - 1992) - Square One Television, or Square One TV for short, was a PBS series dedicated to making math fun.
Doctor Snuggles (1979 - 1981) - Dr. Snuggles is a scatterbrained inventor/doctor   with a menagerie of human and animal friends for company. There is the doctor's housekeeper Miss Nettles, and a clever badger called Dennis. Dr. Snuggles' extended family includes Mathilda   Junkbottom the robot, Granny Toots and the Cosmic Ca...
Judge Mathis (1999 - 2006) -
Mathica's Mathshop (1993 - 1994) - Mathica's Mathshop is a math tutorial TV series produced for TVO from 1993-1994. The 15-minute programs focus on teaching basic mathematics for primary grades by incorporating storytelling with the principles of the subject. Every program presents math through a familiar fairytale context which enco...
Monster Math Squad (2012 - 2016) - a Canadian CGI animated series, created by Jeff Rosen and produced by DHX Media for CBC Television.It follows the adventures of three monsters who go on missions that require math equations. Together, they solve math problems to complete missions.The series takes place in the city of Monstrovia, whe...
Megamaths (1996 - 2002) - a BBC educational television series for primary schools that was originally aired on BBC Two from 16 September 1996 to 4 February 2002. For its first four series, it was set in a castle on top of Table Mountain, populated by the four card suits (Kings, Queens and Jacks/Jackies, and a Joker who looke...
Rosario + Vampire (2008 - 2008) - Youkai Academy is a seemingly normal boarding school, except that its pupils are monsters learning to coexist with humans. All students attend in human form and take normal academic subjects, such as literature, gym, foreign language, and mathematics. However, there is one golden rule at Youkai Acad...
Tucker's Witch (1982 - 1983) - Tuckers Witch was a comedy detective series starring Tim Matheson & Catherine Hicks as Husband & Wife detectives Rick & Amanda Tucker.Rick & Amanda own & run a detective agency "Tucker & Tucker Investigation Agency" Rick is an above average Detective,Amanda is a Witch ( whose powers are not-always-r...
Mission Unstoppable with Miranda Cosgrove (2019 - Current) - This American educational & informational television program is produced for children ages 13-16 that celebrates women who have become superstars in STEM-related careers (science, technology, engineering and math. Each week, our host (Miranda Cosgrove) and her intrepid team of field reporters will...
Leave It to Beaver (1957 - 1963) - This American TV comedy series about a boy named Theodore "The Beaver" Cleaver (Jerry Mathers).
Math Monsters (2003 - 2004) - In this all-CGI series that was distributed to schools via video but also aired on PBS, the titular Math Monsters Mina, Multiplex, Split, and Addison apply math skills to task they are currently performing with fun songs and catchy rhymes along the way. Every episode of the series ended with a live-...
Black Sheep(1996) - This movie features the late Chris Farley as Mike Donnelly, the brother of Al Donnelly (Tim Matheson), who is running for Governor of the state of Washington against the 2 term incumbent Governor Evelyn Tracy (Christine Ebersole). Mike wants to help his brother win the election, but tends to screw...
Fletch(1985) - Irwin "Fletch" Fletcher (Chevy Chase) is a newspaper writer and a fast-talking master of disguise, using various looks to land interesting stories. When a millionaire named Alan Stanwyk (Tim Matheson) mistakes him for a beach bum (Fletch is doing research on drug dealing), Stanwyk offers Fletch mone...
Here Come the Munsters(1995) - The Munster clan comes to America to find Marilyn's father, who's been turned from mad scientist Norman Hyde to politician Brent Jeckyll. The whole Munster clan is here, with Edward Herrmann as Herman, Veronica Hamel as Lily, Robert Morse as Grandpa, Christine Taylor as Marilyn, and Mathew Botuchi...
Poltergeist II: The Other Side(1986) - The Freeling family move in with Diane's mother in an effort to escape the trauma and aftermath of Carol Anne's abduction by the Beast. But the Beast is not to be put off so easily and appears in a ghostly apparition as the Reverend Kane, a religeous zealot responsible for the deaths of his many fol...
Bloodfist VIII: Hard Way Out(1996) - Originally titled Bloodfist VIII: Trained to Kill, but released as Hard Way Out, this low-budget, martial arts actioner was filmed entirely in Ireland. It is the story of a quiet high school math teacher whose milque-toast demeanor masked a secret profession as a CIA agent that for 15 years took him...
Stand and Deliver(1988) - Jaime Escalante is a mathematics teacher in a school in a hispanic neighbourhood. Convinced that his students have potential, he adopts unconventional teaching methods to try and turn gang members and no-hopers into some of the country's top algebra and calculu
The Omega Man(1971) - Based on a novel I AM LEGEND by Ricird Matheson and a remake to THE LAST MAN ON EARTH. The last man on earth is not alone. From "the family." Lone survivor, doctor Robert Neville, struggles to create a cure for the plague that wiped out most of the human race while fighting The Family, a savage ludd...
Leon(1994) - Lon, the top hit man in New York, has earned a rep as an effective "cleaner." But when his next-door neighbors are wiped out by a loose-cannon DEA agent, he becomes the unwilling custodian of 12-year-old Mathilda. Before long, Mathilda's thoughts turn to revenge, and she considers following in L...
Dear Brigitte(1965) - A college professor(James Stewart) and his math prodigy son(Billy Mumy)take a trip to France to meet Brigitte Bardot.
Summer Wars(2009) - A young math genius solves a complex equation and inadvertently puts a virtual world's artificial intelligence in a position to destroy Earth.
Ice Princess(2005) - A teenager is torn between her desire to please her mother and following her own ambitions in this family-friendly comedy drama. Casey Carlyle is a high-school student who has a keen mind for math and looks to be on the fast track to Harvard, which is just the way her mother want it. However, Casey...
Appleseed(1988) - Appleseed takes place in the aftermath of World War III, where the General Management Control Office has constructed the experimental city known as Olympus. Built to be a paradise on Earth, Olympus is inhabited by humans, cyborgs, and bioroids (genetically engineered humans designed for increased ph...
Shrieker(1998) - Clark, a young Mathematics major at University, thinks she's found the best deal for student housing: a group of squatters who live in an abandoned hospital secretly. The quirky residents let her into their community provided she follow the rules, including not telling anyone about her living arrang...
A Beautiful Mind(2001) - After A Brilliant Mathematician Accepts Work In Cryptography When His Life Takes A Turn To The Nightmarish.
High School Musical(2006) - High School Musical is a story about two high school juniors from rival cliques Troy Bolton, captain of the basketball team, and Gabriella Montez, a beautiful and shy transfer student who excels in math and science. Together, they try out for the lead parts in their high school musical, and as a r...
New York(2009) - A 2009 Bollywood film that tells the story of Samir, Maya, and Omar. They are three New York college students whose lives are changed by 9/11 and its aftermath.
Hidden Figures(2016) - Hidden Figures is a 2016 American biographical drama film directed by Theodore Melfi and written by Melfi and Allison Schroeder. It is loosely based on the 2016 non-fiction book of the same name by Margot Lee Shetterly about black female mathematicians who worked at the National Aeronautics and Spac...
The Giant Claw(1957) - A giant space vulture from outer space comes to earth wreaking havoc and devouring humans. The world's only hope was a civil engineer (Jeff Morrow), a mathematician (Mara Corday), and the US military. Since its original release, The Giant Claw has been called one of the worst films ever made in the...
https://myanimelist.net/anime/33326/Aftermath -- Military, Music, Drama
21 Grams (2003) ::: 7.6/10 -- R | 2h 4min | Crime, Drama, Thriller | 16 January 2004 (USA) -- A freak accident brings together a critically ill mathematician, a grieving mother, and a born-again ex-con. Director: Alejandro G. Irritu (as Alejandro Gonzlez Irritu) Writer: Guillermo Arriaga
A Beautiful Mind (2001) ::: 8.2/10 -- PG-13 | 2h 15min | Biography, Drama | 4 January 2002 (USA) -- After John Nash, a brilliant but asocial mathematician, accepts secret work in cryptography, his life takes a turn for the nightmarish. Director: Ron Howard Writers: Akiva Goldsman, Sylvia Nasar (book)
A Brilliant Young Mind (2014) ::: 7.1/10 -- X+Y (original title) -- A Brilliant Young Mind Poster -- A socially awkward teenage math prodigy finds new confidence and new friendships when he lands a spot on the British squad at the International Mathematics Olympiad. Director: Morgan Matthews Writer:
Agora (2009) ::: 7.2/10 -- R | 2h 7min | Adventure, Biography, Drama | 9 October 2009 (Spain) -- A historical drama set in Roman Egypt, concerning a slave who turns to the rising tide of Christianity in the hope of pursuing freedom while falling in love with his mistress, the philosophy and mathematics professor Hypatia of Alexandria. Director: Alejandro Amenbar Writers:
All the Way (2016) ::: 7.3/10 -- TV-14 | 2h 12min | Biography, Drama, History | TV Movie 21 May 2016 -- Lyndon B. Johnson becomes the President of the United States in the chaotic aftermath of John F. Kennedy's assassination and spends his first year in office fighting to pass the Civil Rights Act. Director: Jay Roach Writers:
Bad Education ::: TV-14 | 30min | Comedy | TV Series (20122014) -- A comedy series about a teacher who is a bigger kid than the kids he teaches. Stars: Jack Binstead, Mathew Horne, Ethan Lawrence
Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ (1925) ::: 7.8/10 -- Not Rated | 2h 23min | Adventure, Drama, Romance | 8 October 1927 (USA) -- A Jewish prince seeks to find his family and revenge himself upon his childhood friend who had him wrongly imprisoned. Directors: Fred Niblo, Charles Brabin (uncredited) | 3 more credits Writers: Lew Wallace (novel) (as General Lew Wallace), June Mathis (adaptation) | 3 more credits Stars:
Bent (1997) ::: 7.2/10 -- NC-17 | 1h 45min | Drama, History, Romance | 26 November 1997 (USA) -- In 1930s Berlin, a gay Jew is sent to a concentration camp under the Nazi regime. Director: Sean Mathias Writers: Martin Sherman (screenplay), Martin Sherman (play)
Big Train ::: 30min | Comedy | TV Series (19982002) A British sketch comedy show where people in ordinary situations suddenly find themselves in absurd situations. Creators: Graham Linehan, Arthur Mathews Stars:
Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure (1989) ::: 7.0/10 -- PG | 1h 30min | Adventure, Comedy, Music | 17 February 1989 (USA) -- Two seemingly dumb teens set off on a quest to prepare the ultimate historical presentation with the help of a time machine. Director: Stephen Herek Writers: Chris Matheson, Ed Solomon
Buried Alive (1990) ::: 6.5/10 -- PG-13 | 1h 33min | Horror, Romance, Thriller | TV Movie 9 May 1990 -- A husband finds out that his wife and her lover are trying to kill him. Director: Frank Darabont Writers: David A. Davies (story), Mark Patrick Carducci (teleplay) Stars: Tim Matheson, Jennifer Jason Leigh, William Atherton | See full cast &
Come Undone (2000) ::: 6.7/10 -- Presque rien (original title) -- Come Undone Poster -- Mathieu, 18, spends the summer at his mother's summer house, in Brittany. On the beach, he meets Cdric, a boy his age. A love-story begins between the two boys. Director:
Come Undone (2000) ::: 6.7/10 -- Presque rien (original title) -- Come Undone Poster -- Mathieu, 18, spends the summer at his mother's summer house, in Brittany. On the beach, he meets Cdric, a boy his age. A love-story begins between the two boys. Director: Sbastien Lifshitz Writers:
Crimson Peak (2015) ::: 6.5/10 -- R | 1h 59min | Drama, Fantasy, Horror | 16 October 2015 (USA) -- In the aftermath of a family tragedy, an aspiring author is torn between love for her childhood friend and the temptation of a mysterious outsider. Trying to escape the ghosts of her past, she is swept away to a house that breathes, bleeds - and remembers. Director: Guillermo del Toro Writers:
Dead End ::: Connections -- Episode Guide 10 episodes Dead End Poster In a post-nuclear-war Jerusalem, two teenage siblings search for their little brother whom they lost in the aftermath of the bombing. They find that despite everything literally going up in smoke, nothing had really changed. Stars: Gaya Beer Gurevich, Ofir Sasson, Guy Shahaf
Duel (1971) ::: 7.6/10 -- PG | 1h 30min | Action, Thriller | TV Movie 13 November 1971 -- A business commuter is pursued and terrorized by the malevolent driver of a massive tractor-trailer. Director: Steven Spielberg Writers: Richard Matheson (screenplay), Richard Matheson (story)
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982) ::: 7.8/10 -- PG | 1h 55min | Family, Sci-Fi | 11 June 1982 (USA) -- A troubled child summons the courage to help a friendly alien escape Earth and return to his home world. Director: Steven Spielberg Writer: Melissa Mathison
Foyle's War ::: TV-14 | 1h 30min | Crime, Drama, Mystery | TV Series (20022015) -- As WWII rages, DCS Foyle fights his own war on the home-front; investigating crime on the south coast of England. Later series, see the retired detective working as an MI5 agent in the aftermath of the war. Creator:
Freaks and Geeks ::: TV-14 | 44min | Comedy, Drama | TV Series (19992000) -- A high school mathlete starts hanging out with a group of burnouts while her younger brother navigates his freshman year. Creator: Paul Feig
Freaks and Geeks ::: TV-14 | 44min | Comedy, Drama | TV Series (1999-2000) Episode Guide 18 episodes Freaks and Geeks Poster -- A high school mathlete starts hanging out with a group of burnouts while her younger brother navigates his freshman year. Creator: Paul Feig
Frequently Asked Questions About Time Travel (2009) ::: 7.1/10 -- PG-13 | 1h 23min | Comedy, Sci-Fi | 24 April 2009 (UK) -- While drinking at their local pub, three social outcasts attempt to navigate a time-travel conundrum. Director: Gareth Carrivick Writer: Jamie Mathieson
Ghosts -- 30min | Comedy, Fantasy | TV Series (2019 ) ::: A group of spirits restlessly squabble in an abandoned country home. Stars: Lolly Adefope, Mathew Baynton, Simon Farnaby
Go (1999) ::: 7.2/10 -- R | 1h 42min | Comedy, Crime | 9 April 1999 (USA) -- The aftermath of a drug deal as told from three different points of view. Director: Doug Liman Writer: John August
Godzilla vs. Destoroyah (1995) ::: 7.0/10 -- Gojira vs. Desutoroi (original title) -- Godzilla vs. Destoroyah Poster The aftermath of the Oxygen Destroyer brings forth Destoroyah, a beast intent on killing Godzilla, who is on the verge of a nuclear meltdown. Directors: Takao Okawara, Ishir Honda | 4 more credits Writers: Kaoru Kamigiku (story "Gojira tai Juniagojira") (as Kaoru Kamikiku), Kichi Kawakita (story "Gojira tai Barubaroi") | 6 more credits
Good Will Hunting (1997) ::: 8.3/10 -- R | 2h 6min | Drama, Romance | 9 January 1998 (USA) -- Will Hunting, a janitor at M.I.T., has a gift for mathematics, but needs help from a psychologist to find direction in his life. Director: Gus Van Sant Writers: Matt Damon, Ben Affleck
Greed (1924) ::: 8.1/10 -- Not Rated | 2h 20min | Drama, Thriller, Western | 26 January 1925 (USA) -- The sudden fortune won from a lottery fans such destructive greed that it ruins the lives of the three people involved. Director: Erich von Stroheim Writers: June Mathis (screen adaptation and scenario), Erich von Stroheim
Halloweentown II: Kalabar's Revenge (2001) ::: 6.5/10 -- TV-PG | 1h 21min | Adventure, Family, Fantasy | TV Movie 12 October -- Halloweentown II: Kalabar's Revenge Poster A young witch and her grandmother work together to foil the plans of a wicked warlock's son before he can use powerful spells to create chaos in the world. Director: Mary Lambert Writers: Jon Cooksey, Ali Marie Matheson | 1 more credit
Hasee Toh Phasee (2014) ::: 6.8/10 -- Not Rated | 2h 21min | Comedy, Romance | 7 February 2014 (USA) -- Nikhil is re-introduced to Meeta nearly ten years after their first meeting. Now, as Nikhil has one week to prove himself worth enough to marry Meeta's sister Karishma, the old acquaintances become quite close to each other. Director: Vinil Mathew (as Mathew Vinil) Writers:
Hidden Figures (2016) ::: 7.8/10 -- PG | 2h 7min | Biography, Drama, History | 6 January 2017 (USA) -- The story of a team of female African-American mathematicians who served a vital role in NASA during the early years of the U.S. space program. Director: Theodore Melfi Writers:
Hinterland ::: TV-14 | 1h 30min | Crime, Drama, Mystery | TV Series (20132016) -- A noir crime drama set in Aberystwyth, Wales, where troubled DCI Tom Mathias solves murders while searching for redemption. Stars: Richard Harrington, Mali Harries, Alex Harries
Horns (2013) ::: 6.5/10 -- R | 2h | Comedy, Crime, Drama | 3 October 2014 (USA) -- In the aftermath of his girlfriend's mysterious death, a young man awakens to find strange horns sprouting from his forehead. Director: Alexandre Aja Writers: Keith Bunin (screenplay), Joe Hill (based on the novel by)
Horrible Histories ::: 28min | Comedy, Family, History | TV Series (20092020) A group of British comedians show the sides of history they don't teach you in school. From the 'Savage Stone Age' to the 'Troublesome 20th Century', you see the full side to history. Stars: Jim Howick, Simon Farnaby, Mathew Baynton
House of Usher (1960) ::: 7.0/10 -- Approved | 1h 19min | Drama, Horror | 23 September 1960 (Japan) -- Upon entering his fiance's family mansion, a man discovers a savage family curse and fears that his future brother-in-law has entombed his bride-to-be prematurely. Director: Roger Corman Writers: Edgar Allan Poe (based on "The Fall of The House of Usher"), Richard Matheson (screenplay)
Industry ::: TV-MA | 6h 37min | Drama | TV Series (2020 ) -- Young bankers and traders make their way in the financial world in the aftermath of the 2008 collapse. Creators: Mickey Down, Konrad Kay
Invasion ::: TV-14 | 1h | Drama, Horror, Mystery | TV Series (20052006) In the aftermath of a hurricane, a Florida Park Ranger and his family deal with strange occurrences. Creator: Shaun Cassidy Stars:
Jack and the Cuckoo-Clock Heart (2013) ::: 7.0/10 -- Jack et la mcanique du coeur (original title) -- Jack and the Cuckoo-Clock Heart Poster -- A 19th-century drama about a man whose heart was replaced with a clock when he was born. The situation dictates that he should avoid feeling strong emotions -- love, most of all -- but he just can't keep his feelings under wraps. Directors: Stphane Berla, Mathias Malzieu
Kundun (1997) ::: 7.0/10 -- PG-13 | 2h 14min | Biography, Drama, History | 16 January 1998 (USA) -- From childhood to adulthood, Tibet's fourteenth Dalai Lama deals with Chinese oppression and other problems. Director: Martin Scorsese Writer: Melissa Mathison
Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath ::: TV-14 | 47min | Documentary | TV Series (20162019) -- A series featuring stories from former members of the Church of Scientology whose lives have been affected by the Church's alleged harmful practices. Stars:
Lon: The Professional (1994) ::: 8.5/10 -- Lon (original title) -- Lon: The Professional Poster -- Mathilda, a 12-year-old girl, is reluctantly taken in by Lon, a professional assassin, after her family is murdered. An unusual relationship forms as she becomes his protge and learns the assassin's trade. Director: Luc Besson
Margaret (2011) ::: 6.5/10 -- R | 2h 30min | Drama | 1 June 2012 (Italy) -- A young woman witnesses a bus accident, and is caught up in the aftermath, where the question of whether or not it was intentional affects many people's lives. Director: Kenneth Lonergan Writer:
Munich (2005) ::: 7.5/10 -- R | 2h 44min | Action, Drama, History | 6 January 2006 (USA) -- Based on the true story of the Black September aftermath, about the five men chosen to eliminate the ones responsible for that fateful day. Director: Steven Spielberg Writers: Tony Kushner (screenplay), Eric Roth (screenplay) | 1 more credit Stars:
Numb3rs ::: TV-PG | 43min | Crime, Drama, Mystery | TV Series (20052010) -- Working for the F.B.I., a mathematician uses equations to help solve various crimes. Creators: Nicolas Falacci, Cheryl Heuton
Patriots Day (2016) ::: 7.4/10 -- R | 2h 13min | Action, Crime, Drama | 13 January 2017 (USA) -- The story of the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing and the aftermath, which includes the city-wide manhunt to find the terrorists responsible. Director: Peter Berg Writers: Peter Berg (screenplay), Matt Cook (screenplay by) | 5 more credits
Pi (1998) ::: 7.4/10 -- R | 1h 24min | Drama, Horror, Mystery | 10 July 1998 (USA) -- A paranoid mathematician searches for a key number that will unlock the universal patterns found in nature. Director: Darren Aronofsky Writers: Darren Aronofsky, Darren Aronofsky (story) | 4 more credits
Pi (1998) ::: 7.4/10 -- R | 1h 24min | Drama, Horror, Mystery | 10 July 1998 (USA) -- A paranoid mathematician searches for a key number that will unlock the universal patterns found in nature. Director: Darren Aronofsky Writers: Darren Aronofsky, Darren Aronofsky (story) | 4 more credits
Pretty Little Liars: The Perfectionists ::: TV-14 | 45min | Crime, Drama, Mystery | TV Series (2019) -- Everything about the town of Beacon Heights seems perfect, but in the aftermath of the town's first murder, behind every Perfectionist hides secrets, lies and much needed alibies. Creator:
Proof (2005) ::: 6.7/10 -- PG-13 | 1h 40min | Drama, Mystery | 7 October 2005 (USA) -- The daughter of a brilliant but mentally disturbed mathematician, recently deceased, tries to come to grips with her possible inheritance: his insanity. Complicating matters are one of her father's ex-students, who wants to search through his papers, and her estranged sister, who shows up to help settle his affairs. Director: John Madden
Somewhere in Time (1980) ::: 7.2/10 -- PG | 1h 43min | Drama, Fantasy, Romance | 3 October 1980 (USA) -- A Chicago playwright uses self-hypnosis to travel back in time and meet the actress whose vintage portrait hangs in a grand hotel. Director: Jeannot Szwarc Writers: Richard Matheson (screenplay), Richard Matheson (novel)
The Accountant (2016) ::: 7.3/10 -- R | 2h 8min | Action, Crime, Drama | 14 October 2016 (USA) -- As a math savant uncooks the books for a new client, the Treasury Department closes in on his activities, and the body count starts to rise. Director: Gavin O'Connor Writer:
The Aftermath (2019) ::: 6.3/10 -- R | 1h 48min | Drama, Romance, War | 15 March 2019 (USA) -- Post World War II, a British colonel and his wife are assigned to live in Hamburg during the post-war reconstruction, but tensions arise with the German who previously owned the house. Director: James Kent Writers:
The Black Stallion (1979) ::: 7.3/10 -- G | 1h 58min | Adventure, Family, Sport | 17 October 1979 (USA) -- A boy encounters a horse and bonds with him, later training him to race. Director: Carroll Ballard Writers: Melissa Mathison (screenplay), Jeanne Rosenberg (screenplay) | 2 more
The Catherine Tate Show ::: TV-MA | 30min | Comedy | TV Series (20042009) Sketches by Catherine Tate and her comedy troupe. Stars: Catherine Tate, Mathew Horne, Niky Wardley Available on Amazon
The Colours of Infinity (1995) ::: 7.7/10 -- Not Rated | 52min | Documentary | TV Movie -- Arthur C. Clarke presents this unusual documentary on the mathematical discovery of the Mandelbrot Set (M-Set) in the visually spectacular world of fractal geometry. This show relates the ... S Director: Nigel Lesmoir-Gordon Writers: Arthur C. Clarke, Nigel Lesmoir-Gordon Stars:
The Comedy of Terrors (1963) ::: 6.7/10 -- Not Rated | 1h 24min | Comedy, Horror | 22 January 1964 (USA) -- Dishonest undertaker Waldo Trumbull and his sidekick Felix Gillie are creating their own customers when they cannot find willing ones. Director: Jacques Tourneur Writer: Richard Matheson (screenplay) Stars:
The Devil Rides Out (1968) ::: 7.0/10 -- G | 1h 35min | Horror | August 1968 (USA) -- Devil worshipers plan to convert two new victims. Director: Terence Fisher Writers: Richard Matheson (screenplay), Dennis Wheatley (novel)
The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society (2018) ::: 7.4/10 -- TV-14 | 2h 4min | Drama, Romance, War | 10 August 2018 (USA) -- In the aftermath of World War II, a writer forms an unexpected bond with the residents of Guernsey Island when she decides to write a book about their experiences during the war. Director: Mike Newell Writers:
The Imitation Game (2014) ::: 8.0/10 -- PG-13 | 1h 54min | Biography, Drama, Thriller | 25 December 2014 (USA) -- During World War II, the English mathematical genius Alan Turing tries to crack the German Enigma code with help from fellow mathematicians. Director: Morten Tyldum Writers: Graham Moore, Andrew Hodges (book)
The Impossible (2012) ::: 7.6/10 -- Lo imposible (original title) -- The Impossible Poster -- The story of a tourist family in Thailand caught in the destruction and chaotic aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Director: J.A. Bayona Writers:
The Incredible Shrinking Man (1957) ::: 7.6/10 -- Not Rated | 1h 21min | Horror, Sci-Fi | 17 May 1957 (France) -- When Scott Carey begins to shrink because of exposure to a combination of radiation and insecticide, medical science is powerless to help him. Director: Jack Arnold Writers: Richard Matheson (screenplay), Richard Matheson (novel)
The Last Man on Earth (1964) ::: 6.9/10 -- Not Rated | 1h 26min | Drama, Horror, Sci-Fi | 6 May 1964 (USA) -- When a disease turns all of humanity into the living dead, the last man on earth becomes a reluctant vampire hunter. Directors: Ubaldo Ragona (as Ubaldo B. Ragona), Sidney Salkow Writers: Richard Matheson (screenplay) (as Logan Swanson), William F. Leicester
The Man Who Knew Infinity (2015) ::: 7.2/10 -- PG-13 | 1h 48min | Biography, Drama | 29 April 2016 (USA) -- The story of the life and academic career of the pioneer Indian mathematician, Srinivasa Ramanujan, and his friendship with his mentor, Professor G.H. Hardy. Director: Matt Brown (as Matthew Brown) Writers:
The Monster Project (2017) ::: 4.5/10 -- 1h 39min | Action, Fantasy, Horror | 18 August 2017 (USA) -- A recovering drug addict takes a job with a documentary crew who plans to interview three subjects who claim to be real life monsters. Director: Victor Mathieu Writers: Corbin Billings (screenplay by), Shariya Lynn (screenplay by) | 3 more
The Night Stalker (1972) ::: 7.6/10 -- Not Rated | 1h 14min | Horror, Mystery | TV Movie 11 January 1972 -- An abrasive Las Vegas newspaper reporter investigates a series of murders committed by a vampire. Director: John Llewellyn Moxey Writers: Richard Matheson (teleplay), Jeffrey Grant Rice (story) (as Jeff Rice) Stars:
The Raven (1963) ::: 6.6/10 -- G | 1h 26min | Comedy, Fantasy, Horror | 25 January 1963 (USA) -- A magician, who has been turned into a raven, turns to a former sorcerer for help. Director: Roger Corman Writers: Richard Matheson (screenplay), Edgar Allan Poe (poem)
The Wrong Mans -- 29min | Comedy, Crime, Thriller | TV Series (20132014) ::: From actor/writer duo James Corden and Mathew Baynton, The Wrong Mans series centers on Sam Pinkett and Phil Bourne, office workers for Berkshire County Council, who have their menial ... S Creators:
Three Kings (1999) ::: 7.1/10 -- R | 1h 54min | Action, Adventure, Comedy | 1 October 1999 (USA) -- In the aftermath of the Persian Gulf War, four soldiers set out to steal gold that was stolen from Kuwait, but they discover people who desperately need their help. Director: David O. Russell Writers:
Treme ::: TV-MA | 59min | Drama, Music | TV Series (20102013) -- Life after Hurricane Katrina as the residents of New Orleans try to rebuild their lives, their homes, and their unique culture in the aftermath of one of the worst natural disasters in the USA. Creators:
Trilogy of Terror (1975) ::: 6.6/10 -- Unrated | 1h 12min | Horror, Thriller | TV Movie 4 March 1975 -- Three bizarre horror stories all of which star Karen Black in four different roles playing tormented women. Director: Dan Curtis Writers: William F. Nolan (teleplay), Richard Matheson (story) | 4 more credits Stars:
Violet Evergarden ::: TV-14 | 24min | Animation, Drama, Fantasy | TV Mini-Series (2018) Episode Guide 14 episodes Violet Evergarden Poster -- In the aftermath of a great war, Violet Evergarden, a young female ex-soldier, gets a job at a writers' agency and goes on assignments to create letters that can connect people. Stars:
Waves (2019) ::: 7.6/10 -- R | 2h 15min | Drama, Romance, Sport | 15 November 2019 (USA) -- Traces the journey of a suburban family - led by a well-intentioned but domineering father - as they navigate love, forgiveness, and coming together in the aftermath of a loss. Director: Trey Edward Shults Writer:
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Aftermath -- -- - -- 1 ep -- Original -- Military Music Drama -- Aftermath Aftermath -- The video is the result of Muse’s on-going creative collaborations with Japanese director Tekken, who previously delivered eye-catching, flipbook-style animated videos for the band’s tracks “Follow Me” and “Exogenesis: Symphony Part 3 (Redemption)”. -- -- (Source: Muse) -- Music - May 12, 2016 -- 1,216 6.02
After War Gundam X -- -- Sunrise -- 39 eps -- Original -- Sci-Fi Adventure Space Drama Mecha -- After War Gundam X After War Gundam X -- When one space colony declared its independence from the Earth Federation, the devastating 7th Space War, an all-out war between Earth and space, resulted. The Federation responded to the Space Revolutionary Army with mobile suits, called Gundams. However, the Space Revolutionary forces played their trump card and dropped hundreds of space colonies onto the Earth, plunging the planet into a seven-year-long nuclear winter. The Federation collapsed, but the Space Revolutionary Army was unable to invade the Earth in the aftermath of the colony drop. -- -- Fifteen years have passed. The year is now After War 0015, and a New Federation has sprung up on Earth to restore order. In space, the colonial leaders have been rebuilding their own forces as well. By chance, fifteen-year-old Garrod Ran has discovered an old Federation mobile suit, the Gundam X, and now he uses it to help out the Vulture ship Freeden in its struggle to keep the powers that be from repeating the mistakes of the past. -- 29,440 7.32
After War Gundam X -- -- Sunrise -- 39 eps -- Original -- Sci-Fi Adventure Space Drama Mecha -- After War Gundam X After War Gundam X -- When one space colony declared its independence from the Earth Federation, the devastating 7th Space War, an all-out war between Earth and space, resulted. The Federation responded to the Space Revolutionary Army with mobile suits, called Gundams. However, the Space Revolutionary forces played their trump card and dropped hundreds of space colonies onto the Earth, plunging the planet into a seven-year-long nuclear winter. The Federation collapsed, but the Space Revolutionary Army was unable to invade the Earth in the aftermath of the colony drop. -- -- Fifteen years have passed. The year is now After War 0015, and a New Federation has sprung up on Earth to restore order. In space, the colonial leaders have been rebuilding their own forces as well. By chance, fifteen-year-old Garrod Ran has discovered an old Federation mobile suit, the Gundam X, and now he uses it to help out the Vulture ship Freeden in its struggle to keep the powers that be from repeating the mistakes of the past. -- -- Licensor: -- Nozomi Entertainment -- 29,440 7.32
Amagami SS+ Plus -- -- AIC -- 13 eps -- Visual novel -- Slice of Life Comedy Romance School -- Amagami SS+ Plus Amagami SS+ Plus -- In the aftermath of Amagami SS, high school student Junichi Tachibana continues his relationships with the girls at his school. Amagami SS+ Plus offers a glimpse into what happened after the resolution of each girl's individual story. -- -- New events begin to take place between each of the girls and Junichi. Tsukasa Ayatsuji, the class representative, runs for student council president; Rihoko Sakurai, who has taken over the Tea Club with Junichi, still wants to confess her feelings to him; Ai Nanasaki questions the future of her relationship with Junichi when he leaves for college; Kaoru Tanamachi wonders if her relationship with Junichi will ever go any further; Sae Nakata and Junichi deal with classmates who still can't believe that someone so cute is his girlfriend; and Haruka Morishima wants to take their relationship to the next level and get married. -- -- -- Licensor: -- Sentai Filmworks -- TV - Jan 6, 2012 -- 135,953 7.43
Amagami SS+ Plus -- -- AIC -- 13 eps -- Visual novel -- Slice of Life Comedy Romance School -- Amagami SS+ Plus Amagami SS+ Plus -- In the aftermath of Amagami SS, high school student Junichi Tachibana continues his relationships with the girls at his school. Amagami SS+ Plus offers a glimpse into what happened after the resolution of each girl's individual story. -- -- New events begin to take place between each of the girls and Junichi. Tsukasa Ayatsuji, the class representative, runs for student council president; Rihoko Sakurai, who has taken over the Tea Club with Junichi, still wants to confess her feelings to him; Ai Nanasaki questions the future of her relationship with Junichi when he leaves for college; Kaoru Tanamachi wonders if her relationship with Junichi will ever go any further; Sae Nakata and Junichi deal with classmates who still can't believe that someone so cute is his girlfriend; and Haruka Morishima wants to take their relationship to the next level and get married. -- -- TV - Jan 6, 2012 -- 135,953 7.43
Ao no Exorcist: Kyoto Fujouou-hen -- -- A-1 Pictures -- 12 eps -- Manga -- Action Demons Supernatural Fantasy Shounen -- Ao no Exorcist: Kyoto Fujouou-hen Ao no Exorcist: Kyoto Fujouou-hen -- The ExWire of True Cross Academy are beset with shock and fear in the aftermath of discovering that one of their own classmates, Rin Okumura, is the son of Satan. But for the moment, they have more pressing concerns than that of Rin's parentage: the left eye of the Impure King, a powerful demon, has been stolen from the academy's Deep Keep. After an attempt is made to steal the right eye in Kyoto as well, Rin and the other ExWires are sent to investigate the mystery behind the Impure King and the ultimate goal of the thief. -- -- While this mission has them cooperating for the time being, Rin has never felt more distant from his fellow exorcists. In his attempt to reconcile with them, he undergoes specialized training to control his dark power. However, when the right eye is stolen not long after their arrival, the unthinkable threat of a traitor amongst them leaves them in need of all the power they can get. -- -- -- Licensor: -- Aniplex of America -- 555,650 7.41
Appleseed -- -- Gainax -- 1 ep -- Manga -- Action Sci-Fi Adventure Police Mecha -- Appleseed Appleseed -- Appleseed takes place in the aftermath of World War III, where the General Management Control Office has constructed the experimental city known as Olympus. Built to be a paradise on Earth, Olympus is inhabited by humans, cyborgs, and bioroids (genetically engineered humans designed for increased physical capabilities and decreased emotional capabilities). Bioroids run and control all of the administrative functions of Olympus, ensuring that the city remains the utopian society it was meant to be for all of its citizens. But for some people living in Utopia, the city has become less of a home and more of a cage. -- -- Police officer Calon Mautholos has grown to despise Olympus following his wife's suicide, blaming her death on the lack of creative freedom caused by the rules binding the citizens of the city. As his hatred for the city grows, Calon conspires with the terrorist A.J. Sebastian to destroy the Legislature of the Central Management Bureau to send the rules of Olympus that killed his wife tumbling down. But when Calon discovers it is not political malcontent, but rather hatred for bioroids that motives Sebastian, Calon turns renegade and gains the attention of city officials. Deunan Knute and her partner Briareos of the ESWAT counter-terrorism unit are dispatched to hunt down and stop Calon and Sebastian... by any means necessary! -- -- Licensor: -- Discotek Media, Manga Entertainment -- OVA - Apr 21, 1988 -- 25,245 6.60
Beastars -- -- Orange -- 12 eps -- Manga -- Slice of Life Psychological Drama Shounen -- Beastars Beastars -- In a civilized society of anthropomorphic animals, an uneasy tension exists between carnivores and herbivores. At Cherryton Academy, this mutual distrust peaks after a predation incident results in the death of Tem, an alpaca in the school's drama club. Tem's friend Legoshi, a grey wolf in the stage crew, has been an object of fear and suspicion for his whole life. In the immediate aftermath of the tragedy, he continues to lay low and hide his menacing traits, much to the disapproval of Louis, a red deer and the domineering star actor of the drama club. -- -- When Louis sneaks into the auditorium to train Tem's replacement for an upcoming play, he assigns Legoshi to lookout duty. That very night, Legoshi has a fateful encounter with Haru, a white dwarf rabbit scorned by her peers. His growing feelings for Haru, complicated by his predatory instincts, force him to confront his own true nature, the circumstances surrounding the death of his friend, and the undercurrent of violence plaguing the world around him. -- -- 525,888 8.00
Berserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku -- -- Studio 4°C -- 1 ep -- Manga -- Action Adventure Demons Drama Fantasy Horror Military Seinen Supernatural -- Berserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku Berserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku -- The Band of the Hawk and their enigmatic leader Griffith continue winning battle after battle as their prestige throughout the kingdom of Midland grows. But their latest task is one that has seen failure from everyone who has attempted it: the subjugation of the impenetrable fortress of Doldrey. -- -- But with members like Guts—the captain of the Hawks' raiders who can easily fell 100 men with his gigantic sword—such tasks prove to be trivial. However, in the aftermath of the battle, Guts decides to leave the Hawks in order to pursue his own dream and bids farewell to his companions, despite Griffith's attempts to make him stay. This single event causes Griffith to lose his composure, and leads him to make a decision that will alter his and the Hawks' fates forever. -- -- -- Licensor: -- NYAV Post, VIZ Media -- Movie - Jun 23, 2012 -- 156,516 7.91
Berserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku -- -- Studio 4°C -- 1 ep -- Manga -- Action Adventure Demons Drama Fantasy Horror Military Seinen Supernatural -- Berserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku Berserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku -- The Band of the Hawk and their enigmatic leader Griffith continue winning battle after battle as their prestige throughout the kingdom of Midland grows. But their latest task is one that has seen failure from everyone who has attempted it: the subjugation of the impenetrable fortress of Doldrey. -- -- But with members like Guts—the captain of the Hawks' raiders who can easily fell 100 men with his gigantic sword—such tasks prove to be trivial. However, in the aftermath of the battle, Guts decides to leave the Hawks in order to pursue his own dream and bids farewell to his companions, despite Griffith's attempts to make him stay. This single event causes Griffith to lose his composure, and leads him to make a decision that will alter his and the Hawks' fates forever. -- -- Movie - Jun 23, 2012 -- 156,516 7.91
Bokutachi wa Benkyou ga Dekinai -- -- Arvo Animation, Silver -- 13 eps -- Manga -- Harem Comedy Romance School Shounen -- Bokutachi wa Benkyou ga Dekinai Bokutachi wa Benkyou ga Dekinai -- Nariyuki Yuiga, an impoverished third-year high school student, works tirelessly to receive the VIP nomination, a scholarship that would cover all of his college tuition fees. In recognition of his hard work, the headmaster awards him the renowned scholarship. -- -- However, this scholarship is given under one condition: he must tutor the school's geniuses in their weakest subjects! Joining his new brigade of pupils are the math maestro Rizu Ogata, who wants to study humanities; the literature legend Fumino Furuhashi, who wants to study science; and Yuiga's sports-savvy childhood friend, Uruka Takemoto, who is hopeless at everything else. -- -- Bokutachi wa Benkyou ga Dekinai follows Yuiga as he tries to teach his three eccentric tutees in a series of strange and comedic antics. But as Ogata's and Furuhashi's ambitions conflict with their talents, will Yuiga be able to help his students achieve their dreams? -- -- 285,793 7.31
Code Geass: Boukoku no Akito 1 - Yokuryuu wa Maiorita -- -- Sunrise -- 1 ep -- Original -- Action Mecha Military Sci-Fi -- Code Geass: Boukoku no Akito 1 - Yokuryuu wa Maiorita Code Geass: Boukoku no Akito 1 - Yokuryuu wa Maiorita -- It is the year 2017, and Europe is being invaded by the forces of the Holy Britannian Empire. In an attempt to combat the opposition's overwhelming pressure and put an end to the massive casualties, the army forms a special unit called Wyvern, or W-0, composed of former Japanese citizens referred to as "Elevens." Recruited from ghettos, these young men and women pilot Knightmare frames—humanoid war machines—into dangerous operations where death awaits, hoping to make a name for themselves. -- -- When a European regiment attempting to recapture a crucial city is pinned down by the enemy, it's up to W-0 to bail them out. Among those selected for the rescue operation is Lieutenant Akito Hyuuga, known as "Hannibal's Ghost" due to his prowess on the battlefield. However, the supposed rescue mission becomes suicidal when, in an attempt to take out as many Britannians as possible, the commanding officer initiates the Knightmare's self-destruct sequence. In its aftermath, Akito finds that he is the last one standing… -- -- -- Licensor: -- Funimation -- Movie - Jul 16, 2012 -- 153,710 7.40
Duel Masters Zero -- -- - -- 24 eps -- Original -- Action Game Kids -- Duel Masters Zero Duel Masters Zero -- The previous season of 'Zero Duel Masters' was set in an alternate universe, so this season's plot is a continuation of the Duel Masters Charge. -- -- It follows the aftermath of the duel of Shobu vs. Zakira. -- -- (Source: Duel Masters Wikia) -- TV - Oct 6, 2007 -- 1,558 5.98
Final Fantasy VII: On the Way to a Smile - Episode: Denzel -- -- A-1 Pictures -- 1 ep -- Novel -- Action Fantasy Super Power -- Final Fantasy VII: On the Way to a Smile - Episode: Denzel Final Fantasy VII: On the Way to a Smile - Episode: Denzel -- After the three-pronged conflict between tyrannical electric company Shinra, rebel group Avalanche, and the maniacal Sephiroth, the damaged planet slowly heals its wounds. A rural town dubbed Edge sprouts up on the outskirts of Midgar's ruins. Reeve Tuesti, former Head of Urban Development at Shinra, interviews a young boy named Denzel for potential membership in Reeve's World Regenesis Organization, a group devoted to the restoration and protection of the planet. -- -- Denzel recounts his tragic history to Reeve, detailing how the aftermath of the heroic Avalanche's actions laid waste to Midgar and took the lives of everyone the boy knew. Through reminiscing to Reeve, Denzel discovers a newfound purpose. -- -- OVA - Apr 16, 2009 -- 23,906 7.12
Gin no Guardian II -- -- Blade, Emon -- 6 eps -- Web manga -- Adventure Fantasy -- Gin no Guardian II Gin no Guardian II -- At Shinryou Private Academy—an expensive school for wealthy students—one would never expect to find the poverty-stricken Suigin Riku. When he is not working on one of his many part-time jobs to pay his tuition, he can often be found playing the RPG game Dungeon Century, where he has cultivated a relationship with an online friend. However, when Dungeon Century shuts down, he finds out that his crush, the kind-hearted Rei Riku, and his online friend are the same person. -- -- But in the aftermath of this revelation, Rei gets kidnapped and taken into Grave Buster, which is a new online game from the creators of Dungeon Century, forcing Suigin to enter the harsh new world of a pay-to-win game in order to save her. Gin no Guardian 2nd Season continues Suigin's quest to rescue Rei, while attempting to solve the mysteries of this strange game. -- -- -- Licensor: -- Funimation -- 46,176 6.58
Giovanni no Shima -- -- Production I.G -- 1 ep -- Original -- Drama Historical -- Giovanni no Shima Giovanni no Shima -- In the aftermath of the most devastating conflict mankind had ever experienced, the tiny island of Shikotan became part of the Sakhalin Oblast... and on the unhealed border in this remote corner of the world, friendship among children from two different countries timidly blossomed, striving to overcome language barriers and the waves of history. Inspired by true events. -- -- On August 15th, they told us we had lost the war. At that time, we did not really understand. Then one day, everything changed. Many soldiers, wearing uniforms we had never seen before, arrived on the island. That was the day I met Tanya. -- -- (Source: Production I.G) -- Movie - Feb 22, 2014 -- 25,126 7.70
Gokusen -- -- Madhouse -- 13 eps -- Manga -- Slice of Life Comedy Drama School Josei -- Gokusen Gokusen -- Kumiko Yamaguchi is smart, enthusiastic, and ready to start her dream job as a math teacher at Shirokin Academy. But as her first day opens on atrocious students and cowering teachers, Kumiko realizes that the all-boys high school is a cesspool of delinquents with no intention of improving themselves. -- -- However, what her rowdy students don't know is that behind her dorky facade, Kumiko is the acting head of a powerful yakuza clan, and she has the skills to prove it! Capable of overpowering even the strongest of gangsters in seconds, Kumiko must keep her incredible strength and criminal influence a secret in order to keep her job. Unfortunately, with the vice principal constantly trying to get her fired and Shin Sawada, the leader of her class of delinquents, suspecting she's stronger than she lets on, Kumiko has a difficult teaching career ahead of her. -- -- -- Licensor: -- Media Blasters, NYAV Post -- TV - Jan 7, 2004 -- 35,804 7.41
Hitorijime My Hero -- -- Encourage Films -- 12 eps -- Manga -- Drama Romance School Shounen Ai Slice of Life -- Hitorijime My Hero Hitorijime My Hero -- Masahiro Setagawa is a hopeless teenager who is often used by the neighborhood bullies as an errand boy. Defenseless, Masahiro knows that nobody will ever save him. However, his life drastically changes when he meets Kousuke Ooshiba, a man known as the "Bear Killer," who takes down neighborhood gangs. -- -- A year later, Masahiro and his former friend, Kensuke Ooshiba, attend high school, only to find that Kousuke is their math teacher. While the three grow closer, Masahiro starts to view Kousuke as his "hero," and Kousuke develops an urging desire to protect Masahiro. However, their normal lives take a turn when Kensuke's childhood friend, Asaya Hasekura, returns, seeing Kensuke as more than just a friend, much to his surprise. Will the three boys be able to live a regular high school life? Or will forbidden love keep them apart forever? -- -- -- Licensor: -- Sentai Filmworks -- 111,434 7.38
Karen Senki -- -- Next Media Animation -- 11 eps -- Original -- Action Sci-Fi -- Karen Senki Karen Senki -- In the post-apocalyptic aftermath of a war between machines and their creators, machines rule while humans exist in a state of servitude. Titular character Karen leads Resistance Group 11, an eclectic group of humans who find themselves fighting for their lives as they are hunted by the robots in each episode. Is this the end of humanity? Are they fighting a losing battle? -- -- Through Karen, we delve into a struggle between right and wrong, between indifference and love that explores some of the deepest questions about humanity. What is the difference between a thinking machine and a human being? What is a soul? -- -- (Source: Crunchyroll) -- ONA - Sep 27, 2014 -- 10,550 5.78
Koukaku Kidoutai Arise: Ghost in the Shell - Border:1 Ghost Pain -- -- Production I.G -- 1 ep -- Manga -- Sci-Fi Police Psychological Mecha -- Koukaku Kidoutai Arise: Ghost in the Shell - Border:1 Ghost Pain Koukaku Kidoutai Arise: Ghost in the Shell - Border:1 Ghost Pain -- The anime's story is set in 2027, one year after the end of the fourth non-nuclear war. New Port City is still reeling from the war's aftermath when it suffers a bombing caused by a self-propelled mine. Then, a military member implicated in arms-dealing bribes is gunned down. -- -- During the investigation, Public Security Section's Daisuke Aramaki encounters Motoko Kusanagi, the cyborg wizard-level hacker assigned to the military's 501st Secret Unit. Batou, a man with the "eye that does not sleep," suspects that Kusanagi is the one behind the bombing. The Niihama Prefectural Police detective Togusa is pursuing his own dual cases of the shooting death and a prostitute's murder. Motoko herself is being watched by the 501st Secret Unit's head Kurutsu and cyborg agents. -- -- (Source: ANN) -- -- Licensor: -- Funimation -- Movie - Jun 22, 2013 -- 53,787 7.46
Kurau Phantom Memory -- -- Bones -- 24 eps -- Original -- Action Sci-Fi Space Super Power Drama -- Kurau Phantom Memory Kurau Phantom Memory -- It is the year 2100, and on the colonized Moon, a project is under way to explore new aspects of energy. Amami Kurau is the daughter of the chief scientist on the project, and on her 12th birthday, she accompanies her father to the lab to observe the experiments. Then something goes awry, and Kurau is struck by twin bolts of light. In the aftermath, her father is dismayed to find that his daughter is no longer his daughter. Rather, her body is now home to two energy entities with fantastic powers. -- -- (Source: ANN) -- -- Licensor: -- ADV Films, Funimation -- TV - Jun 25, 2004 -- 26,641 7.34
Kurau Phantom Memory -- -- Bones -- 24 eps -- Original -- Action Sci-Fi Space Super Power Drama -- Kurau Phantom Memory Kurau Phantom Memory -- It is the year 2100, and on the colonized Moon, a project is under way to explore new aspects of energy. Amami Kurau is the daughter of the chief scientist on the project, and on her 12th birthday, she accompanies her father to the lab to observe the experiments. Then something goes awry, and Kurau is struck by twin bolts of light. In the aftermath, her father is dismayed to find that his daughter is no longer his daughter. Rather, her body is now home to two energy entities with fantastic powers. -- -- (Source: ANN) -- TV - Jun 25, 2004 -- 26,641 7.34
Le Chevalier D'Eon -- -- Production I.G -- 24 eps -- Original -- Historical Magic Mystery Seinen Supernatural -- Le Chevalier D'Eon Le Chevalier D'Eon -- In 18th century Paris, a coffin is found floating down the Seine River. It carries the corpse of noblewoman Lia de Beaumont: a spy of King Louis XV, and whose younger brother Charles d'Eon has just been knighted. When several disappearances occur throughout Paris, the young knight believes that they are somehow connected to his sister's death. Hoping to find her killers, d'Eon joins the secret police to investigate the incidents. -- -- Following the clues, they piece together that a conspiracy between members of the French and Russian nobility, spurred on by a cult, may be behind the disappearances. D'Eon concludes that Lia may have uncovered the truth while on a mission and was killed as a result. -- -- That night, the secret police are to arrest the Duke of Orléans on suspicion of being the mastermind. One of their own transforms into a demon called a Gargoyle and massacres the group. D'Eon attempts to rescue the sole survivor, only to find that he too has been transformed. During the ensuing battle, d'Eon is possessed by Lia's vengeful soul, who takes command of his body and slays the Gargoyle herself. In the aftermath, d'Eon must gather allies to discover the depth of this supernatural conspiracy. -- -- -- Licensor: -- ADV Films, Funimation -- TV - Jul 2, 2006 -- 50,521 7.22
Le Chevalier D'Eon -- -- Production I.G -- 24 eps -- Original -- Historical Magic Mystery Seinen Supernatural -- Le Chevalier D'Eon Le Chevalier D'Eon -- In 18th century Paris, a coffin is found floating down the Seine River. It carries the corpse of noblewoman Lia de Beaumont: a spy of King Louis XV, and whose younger brother Charles d'Eon has just been knighted. When several disappearances occur throughout Paris, the young knight believes that they are somehow connected to his sister's death. Hoping to find her killers, d'Eon joins the secret police to investigate the incidents. -- -- Following the clues, they piece together that a conspiracy between members of the French and Russian nobility, spurred on by a cult, may be behind the disappearances. D'Eon concludes that Lia may have uncovered the truth while on a mission and was killed as a result. -- -- That night, the secret police are to arrest the Duke of Orléans on suspicion of being the mastermind. One of their own transforms into a demon called a Gargoyle and massacres the group. D'Eon attempts to rescue the sole survivor, only to find that he too has been transformed. During the ensuing battle, d'Eon is possessed by Lia's vengeful soul, who takes command of his body and slays the Gargoyle herself. In the aftermath, d'Eon must gather allies to discover the depth of this supernatural conspiracy. -- -- TV - Jul 2, 2006 -- 50,521 7.22
Lodoss-tou Senki -- -- Madhouse -- 13 eps -- Novel -- Action Adventure Fantasy Magic Shounen Supernatural -- Lodoss-tou Senki Lodoss-tou Senki -- Created from the aftermath of the last great battle of the gods, Lodoss and its kingdoms have been plagued by war for thousands of years. As a quiet peace and unity finally become foreseeable over the land, an unknown evil begins to stir. An ancient witch has awakened, bent on preserving the island of Lodoss by creating political unbalance throughout the many kingdoms and keeping any one from maintaining central control. Only a mixed-race party of six young champions, led by the young warrior Parn, stand between this new threat and Lodoss' descent back into the darkness of war and destruction. -- -- (Source: ANN) -- -- Licensor: -- Central Park Media, Funimation -- OVA - Jun 30, 1990 -- 52,477 7.39
Lodoss-tou Senki -- -- Madhouse -- 13 eps -- Novel -- Action Adventure Fantasy Magic Shounen Supernatural -- Lodoss-tou Senki Lodoss-tou Senki -- Created from the aftermath of the last great battle of the gods, Lodoss and its kingdoms have been plagued by war for thousands of years. As a quiet peace and unity finally become foreseeable over the land, an unknown evil begins to stir. An ancient witch has awakened, bent on preserving the island of Lodoss by creating political unbalance throughout the many kingdoms and keeping any one from maintaining central control. Only a mixed-race party of six young champions, led by the young warrior Parn, stand between this new threat and Lodoss' descent back into the darkness of war and destruction. -- -- (Source: ANN) -- OVA - Jun 30, 1990 -- 52,477 7.39
Mushishi: Hihamukage -- -- Artland -- 1 ep -- Manga -- Adventure Slice of Life Mystery Historical Supernatural Fantasy Seinen -- Mushishi: Hihamukage Mushishi: Hihamukage -- The entire countryside comes to a halt midday to witness a rare solar eclipse that is rumored to allow the average person to see Mushi. Unable to avert their gaze, the air is full of awe and wonder—but those who know the Mushi are preparing for the eclipse's aftermath. -- -- Based on a prediction from Tanyuu Karibusa, the cursed recorder, Mushishi Ginko finds himself in a very unlucky farming village. Immediately following the solar eclipse, a strange black cloud begins to gather in the sky and blocks the sun once more. Suspecting it to be the work of a Mushi known as Hihami, Ginko seeks to liberate the village from perpetual darkness. However, it seems that not all of the villagers are eager to return to the light. -- -- Special - Jan 4, 2014 -- 109,100 8.57
Rec -- -- Shaft -- 9 eps -- Manga -- Comedy Drama Romance Seinen -- Rec Rec -- After being stood up for a movie date, marketing employee Fumihiko Matsumaru is about to throw away his tickets when he is stopped by a girl who implores him to let her accompany him instead. Thanks to his upbeat and eccentric companion Aka Onda, an aspiring voice actress, Fumihiko enjoys his evening. While walking home together, they find out that they live in the same neighborhood. Mere hours later, Fumihiko wakes up from a nightmare and hears sirens outside his window. Going outside to check the situation, he sees that Aka's apartment has burned down, along with all her possessions. Fumihiko invites the distressed Aka to stay at his place, leading to them sleeping together. -- -- In the aftermath of that fateful night, their personal and professional lives become inextricably intertwined. Not only do they begin living together platonically despite their one-night stand, they also discover that Aka will be voicing the mascot Fumihiko designed for his company's newest product. While trying to keep their live-in relationship under wraps for fear of scrutiny, the two begin to support each other throughout the difficulties in their respective careers. -- -- 100,360 7.33
Reideen -- -- Production I.G -- 26 eps -- - -- Action Mecha Sci-Fi -- Reideen Reideen -- Saiga is a normal high school student with a gift in mathematics. His daily routine is disrupted when his family gets news that his Father's remains have been discovered—a noted archeologist and researcher who had gone missing while exploring a site many years before. Among his remains were notes and artifacts that needed to be identified by the family near a notable triangular mountain in Japan known as "Japan's pyramid", a place suspected by some to be man-made. A meteor containing a strange robotic lifeform falls from the sky and begins to cause destruction, putting Saiga in danger and causing a mysterious bracelet from his father's research to activate and merge him with an ancient robot burried within the pyramid—a robot the runes describe as Reideen. It is now up to Saiga and guardian Reideen to fight against this unknown alien threat from the sky. -- -- (Source: ANN) -- -- Licensor: -- Sentai Filmworks -- TV - Feb 4, 2007 -- 7,753 6.56
Rosario to Vampire -- -- Gonzo -- 13 eps -- Manga -- Harem Comedy Romance Ecchi Vampire Fantasy School Shounen -- Rosario to Vampire Rosario to Vampire -- Youkai Academy is a seemingly normal boarding school, except that its pupils are monsters learning to coexist with humans. All students attend in human form and take normal academic subjects, such as literature, gym, foreign language, and mathematics. However, there is one golden rule at Youkai Academy—all humans found on school grounds are to be executed immediately! -- -- Tsukune Aono is an average teenager who is unable to get into any high school because of his bad grades. His parents inadvertently enroll him into Youkai Academy as a last-ditch effort to secure his education. As Tsukune unknowingly enters this new world, he has a run-in with the most attractive girl on campus, Moka Akashiya. Deciding to stay in the perilous realm in order to further his relationship with Moka, he does not realize that beneath her beauty lies a menacing monster—a vampire. -- -- Rosario to Vampire is a supernatural school comedy that explores Tsukune's romantic exploits, experiences, and misadventures with a bevy of beautiful but dangerous creatures. -- -- -- Licensor: -- Funimation -- 561,832 6.82
Sekaiichi Hatsukoi -- -- Studio Deen -- 12 eps -- Manga -- Comedy Drama Romance Shounen Ai -- Sekaiichi Hatsukoi Sekaiichi Hatsukoi -- After having to deal with jealousy from his co-workers for working under his father's name, prideful literary editor Ritsu Onodera is determined to establish himself in the industry. To accomplish this, he quits his job at his father's publishing company and transfers to Marukawa Publishing. But instead of being placed in their literary division, Ritsu finds himself working as the rookie manga editor for the Emerald editing department, a team that operates under extremely tight schedules in order to meet deadlines. There, Ritsu is introduced to the infamous editor-in-chief Masamune Takano, a persistent man who strives for results. -- -- As it turns out, Takano is actually Ritsu's high school love, and it is the aftermath of that heartbreak has caused Ritsu's reluctance to fall in love again. Now with the two reunited after several years of separation, the reestablishment of their relationship is marked by Takano's vow to make Ritsu say that he loves him again. -- -- Sekaiichi Hatsukoi follows three couples that are interconnected within the manga industry, with each being subject to the budding of first love. -- -- -- Licensor: -- Funimation -- TV - Apr 9, 2011 -- 179,884 7.76
Sekaiichi Hatsukoi -- -- Studio Deen -- 12 eps -- Manga -- Comedy Drama Romance Shounen Ai -- Sekaiichi Hatsukoi Sekaiichi Hatsukoi -- After having to deal with jealousy from his co-workers for working under his father's name, prideful literary editor Ritsu Onodera is determined to establish himself in the industry. To accomplish this, he quits his job at his father's publishing company and transfers to Marukawa Publishing. But instead of being placed in their literary division, Ritsu finds himself working as the rookie manga editor for the Emerald editing department, a team that operates under extremely tight schedules in order to meet deadlines. There, Ritsu is introduced to the infamous editor-in-chief Masamune Takano, a persistent man who strives for results. -- -- As it turns out, Takano is actually Ritsu's high school love, and it is the aftermath of that heartbreak has caused Ritsu's reluctance to fall in love again. Now with the two reunited after several years of separation, the reestablishment of their relationship is marked by Takano's vow to make Ritsu say that he loves him again. -- -- Sekaiichi Hatsukoi follows three couples that are interconnected within the manga industry, with each being subject to the budding of first love. -- -- TV - Apr 9, 2011 -- 179,884 7.76
Sekai Saikou no Ansatsusha, Isekai Kizoku ni Tensei suru -- -- SILVER LINK., Studio Palette -- ? eps -- Light novel -- Action Fantasy -- Sekai Saikou no Ansatsusha, Isekai Kizoku ni Tensei suru Sekai Saikou no Ansatsusha, Isekai Kizoku ni Tensei suru -- "I'm going to live for myself!" -- -- The greatest assassin on Earth knew only how to live as a tool for his employers—until they stopped letting him live. Reborn by the grace of a goddess into a world of swords and sorcery, he's offered a chance to do things differently this time around, but there's a catch...He has to eliminate a super-powerful hero who will bring about the end of the world unless he is stopped. -- -- Now known as Lugh Tuatha Dé, the master assassin certainly has his hands full, particularly because of all the beautiful girls who constantly surround him. Lugh may have been an incomparable killer, but how will he fare against foes with powerful magic? -- -- (Source: Yen Press) -- TV - Jul ??, 2021 -- 10,570 N/A -- -- Karen Senki -- -- Next Media Animation -- 11 eps -- Original -- Action Sci-Fi -- Karen Senki Karen Senki -- In the post-apocalyptic aftermath of a war between machines and their creators, machines rule while humans exist in a state of servitude. Titular character Karen leads Resistance Group 11, an eclectic group of humans who find themselves fighting for their lives as they are hunted by the robots in each episode. Is this the end of humanity? Are they fighting a losing battle? -- -- Through Karen, we delve into a struggle between right and wrong, between indifference and love that explores some of the deepest questions about humanity. What is the difference between a thinking machine and a human being? What is a soul? -- -- (Source: Crunchyroll) -- ONA - Sep 27, 2014 -- 10,550 5.78
Shingeki no Bahamut: Genesis - Short Story -- -- MAPPA -- 2 eps -- Game -- Action Adventure Demons Supernatural Magic Fantasy -- Shingeki no Bahamut: Genesis - Short Story Shingeki no Bahamut: Genesis - Short Story -- The first short story focuses on Favaro and Kaiser between the events of the first and second series as they visit Favaro's home village. -- -- The second short story shows Kaiser as a knight commander sparring with Jeanne, and sharing the reasons they remained as Orleans Knights in the aftermath of the final battle against Bahamut. -- ONA - Dec 28, 2016 -- 21,714 7.14
Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 -- -- - -- ? eps -- Manga -- Action Military Mystery Super Power Drama Fantasy Shounen -- Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 -- Second part of Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season. -- TV - Jan ??, 2022 -- 161,248 N/ABerserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku -- -- Studio 4°C -- 1 ep -- Manga -- Action Adventure Demons Drama Fantasy Horror Military Seinen Supernatural -- Berserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku Berserk: Ougon Jidai-hen II - Doldrey Kouryaku -- The Band of the Hawk and their enigmatic leader Griffith continue winning battle after battle as their prestige throughout the kingdom of Midland grows. But their latest task is one that has seen failure from everyone who has attempted it: the subjugation of the impenetrable fortress of Doldrey. -- -- But with members like Guts—the captain of the Hawks' raiders who can easily fell 100 men with his gigantic sword—such tasks prove to be trivial. However, in the aftermath of the battle, Guts decides to leave the Hawks in order to pursue his own dream and bids farewell to his companions, despite Griffith's attempts to make him stay. This single event causes Griffith to lose his composure, and leads him to make a decision that will alter his and the Hawks' fates forever. -- -- -- Licensor: -- NYAV Post, VIZ Media -- Movie - Jun 23, 2012 -- 156,516 7.91
Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 -- -- - -- ? eps -- Manga -- Action Military Mystery Super Power Drama Fantasy Shounen -- Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 -- Second part of Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season. -- TV - Jan ??, 2022 -- 161,248 N/A -- -- Tenjou Tenge -- -- Madhouse -- 24 eps -- Manga -- Action Ecchi Martial Arts Comedy Super Power School Shounen -- Tenjou Tenge Tenjou Tenge -- For some people, high school represents the opportunity for a fresh start. You can take new classes and make new friends. For Souichiro Nagi and Bob Makihara, though, high school means something different: the chance to become the top fighters in the entire student body! Too bad Toudou Academy is the hardest possible place to realize their dreams. Their new high school is no ordinary academic institution. Rather than concentrating on classic subjects like math and science, Toudou Academy was created for the sole purpose of reviving the martial arts in Japan! -- -- As a result, Souichiro's aspirations to become top dog are cut short when he runs afoul of Masataka Takayanagi and Maya Natsume. The two upperclassmen easily stop the freshmen duo's rampage across school, but rather than serving as a deterrent, it only stokes their competitive fire. What kind of monstrous fighters attend Toudou Academy? Are there any stronger than Masataka and Maya? And why in the world is Maya's younger sister stalking Souichiro? Learn the answers to these questions and more in Tenjou Tenge! -- -- Licensor: -- Discotek Media, Geneon Entertainment USA -- TV - Apr 2, 2004 -- 161,119 6.92
Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 -- -- - -- ? eps -- Manga -- Action Military Mystery Super Power Drama Fantasy Shounen -- Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season Part 2 -- Second part of Shingeki no Kyojin: The Final Season. -- TV - Jan ??, 2022 -- 161,248 N/A -- -- Tenjou Tenge -- -- Madhouse -- 24 eps -- Manga -- Action Ecchi Martial Arts Comedy Super Power School Shounen -- Tenjou Tenge Tenjou Tenge -- For some people, high school represents the opportunity for a fresh start. You can take new classes and make new friends. For Souichiro Nagi and Bob Makihara, though, high school means something different: the chance to become the top fighters in the entire student body! Too bad Toudou Academy is the hardest possible place to realize their dreams. Their new high school is no ordinary academic institution. Rather than concentrating on classic subjects like math and science, Toudou Academy was created for the sole purpose of reviving the martial arts in Japan! -- -- As a result, Souichiro's aspirations to become top dog are cut short when he runs afoul of Masataka Takayanagi and Maya Natsume. The two upperclassmen easily stop the freshmen duo's rampage across school, but rather than serving as a deterrent, it only stokes their competitive fire. What kind of monstrous fighters attend Toudou Academy? Are there any stronger than Masataka and Maya? And why in the world is Maya's younger sister stalking Souichiro? Learn the answers to these questions and more in Tenjou Tenge! -- TV - Apr 2, 2004 -- 161,119 6.92
Soredemo Machi wa Mawatteiru -- -- Shaft -- 12 eps -- Manga -- Slice of Life Comedy Seinen -- Soredemo Machi wa Mawatteiru Soredemo Machi wa Mawatteiru -- Hotori Arashiyama loves mysteries, but there's one she just can't solve: why does the solution to one problem inevitably seem to lead to another? Like how when Hotori has to start working at the Seaside Maid Cafe after school to pay off a debt and her friend Toshiko fortunately knows exactly how a Maid Cafe should be run. Which is fortunate since Hotori has no clue. Except that, unfortunately, Toshiko has no interest in working at the cafe—until she discovers that Hotori's childhood friend Hiroyuki is a regular. Which SEEMS fortunate. Except that Hotori doesn't know that, while Toshiko likes Hiroyuki, Hiroyuki secretly likes Hotori, while Hotori secretly has a crush on... No, no more spoilers! -- -- But if that's not enough drama, there's work, angst with a certain math teacher, table tennis between her classmates, her younger brother versus the school's bad girl... And yet, even though everything seems like it's going to crash at any moment, somehow Hotori's life keeps going hilariously forward. -- -- (Source: Sentai Filmworks) -- -- Licensor: -- Sentai Filmworks -- 51,364 7.44
Summer Wars -- -- Madhouse -- 1 ep -- Original -- Sci-Fi Comedy -- Summer Wars Summer Wars -- OZ, a virtual world connected to the internet, has become extremely popular worldwide as a spot for people to engage in a large variety of activities, such as playing sports or shopping, through avatars created and customized by the user. OZ also possesses a near impenetrable security due to its strong encryption, ensuring that any personal data transmitted through the networks will be kept safe in order to protect those who use it. Because of its convenient applications, the majority of society has become highly dependent on the simulated reality, even going as far as entrusting the system with bringing back the unmanned asteroid explorer, Arawashi. -- -- Kenji Koiso is a 17-year-old math genius and part-time OZ moderator who is invited by his crush Natsuki Shinohara on a summer trip. But unbeknownst to him, this adventure requires him to act as her fiancé. Shortly after arriving at Natsuki's family's estate, which is preparing for her great-grandmother's 90th birthday, he receives a strange, coded message on his cell phone from an unknown sender who challenges him to solve it. Kenji is able to crack the code, but little does he know that his math expertise has just put Earth in great danger. -- -- -- Licensor: -- Funimation, GKIDS, Warner Bros. Japan -- Movie - Aug 1, 2009 -- 435,444 8.08
Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann -- -- Gainax -- 27 eps -- Original -- Action Sci-Fi Adventure Comedy Mecha -- Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann -- Simon and Kamina were born and raised in a deep, underground village, hidden from the fabled surface. Kamina is a free-spirited loose cannon bent on making a name for himself, while Simon is a timid young boy with no real aspirations. One day while excavating the earth, Simon stumbles upon a mysterious object that turns out to be the ignition key to an ancient artifact of war, which the duo dubs Lagann. Using their new weapon, Simon and Kamina fend off a surprise attack from the surface with the help of Yoko Littner, a hot-blooded redhead wielding a massive gun who wanders the world above. -- -- In the aftermath of the battle, the sky is now in plain view, prompting Simon and Kamina to set off on a journey alongside Yoko to explore the wastelands of the surface. Soon, they join the fight against the "Beastmen," humanoid creatures that terrorize the remnants of humanity in powerful robots called "Gunmen." Although they face some challenges and setbacks, the trio bravely fights these new enemies alongside other survivors to reclaim the surface, while slowly unraveling a galaxy-sized mystery. -- -- -- Licensor: -- ADV Films, Aniplex of America, Bandai Entertainment -- 1,262,649 8.66
Tenjou Tenge -- -- Madhouse -- 24 eps -- Manga -- Action Ecchi Martial Arts Comedy Super Power School Shounen -- Tenjou Tenge Tenjou Tenge -- For some people, high school represents the opportunity for a fresh start. You can take new classes and make new friends. For Souichiro Nagi and Bob Makihara, though, high school means something different: the chance to become the top fighters in the entire student body! Too bad Toudou Academy is the hardest possible place to realize their dreams. Their new high school is no ordinary academic institution. Rather than concentrating on classic subjects like math and science, Toudou Academy was created for the sole purpose of reviving the martial arts in Japan! -- -- As a result, Souichiro's aspirations to become top dog are cut short when he runs afoul of Masataka Takayanagi and Maya Natsume. The two upperclassmen easily stop the freshmen duo's rampage across school, but rather than serving as a deterrent, it only stokes their competitive fire. What kind of monstrous fighters attend Toudou Academy? Are there any stronger than Masataka and Maya? And why in the world is Maya's younger sister stalking Souichiro? Learn the answers to these questions and more in Tenjou Tenge! -- TV - Apr 2, 2004 -- 161,119 6.92
Tokyo Magnitude 8.0 -- -- Bones, Kinema Citrus -- 11 eps -- Original -- Drama -- Tokyo Magnitude 8.0 Tokyo Magnitude 8.0 -- Middle school student Mirai Onozawa is dissatisfied with her family circumstances and, in a moment of frustration, wishes to tear everything apart. Unfortunately, these destructive thoughts seem to come true in the form of a magnitude 8.0 earthquake just a few moments later. -- -- When summer vacation begins, Mirai reluctantly takes her younger brother Yuuki to Odaiba, where a robot exhibition that he wanted to go to is being held. However, while they are in the exhibition center, the fury of a major earthquake shakes the Kanto region; helpless, both kids witness the devastating power of this natural disaster as it brings the city to its knees. -- -- In its aftermath, they stumble upon Mari Kusakabe, a motorcyclist and single mother who decides to help the young siblings. Aiming to return to their homes and reunite with their families, the group sets off on a long and hard journey through the decimated city. -- -- -- Licensor: -- Maiden Japan -- 244,963 8.05
Yao Shen Ji -- -- Ruo Hong Culture -- 40 eps -- Novel -- Action Adventure Demons Romance Martial Arts Fantasy -- Yao Shen Ji Yao Shen Ji -- In his past life, although too weak to protect his home when it counted, out of grave determination Nie Li became the strongest Demon Spiritist and stood at the pinnacle of the martial world. However, he lost his life during the battle with the Sage Emperor and six deity-ranked beasts. -- -- His soul was then brought back to when he was still 13 years old. Although he's the weakest in his class with the lowest talent, having only a red soul realm and a weak one at that, with the aid of the vast knowledge which he accumulated from his previous life, he decided to train faster than anyone could expect. He also decided to help those who died nobly in his previous life to train faster as well. -- -- He aims to protect the city from the coming future of being devastated by demon beasts and the previous fate of ending up destroyed. He aims to protect his lover, friends, family and fellow citizens who died in the beast assault or its aftermath. And he aims to destroy the so-called Sacred family who arrogantly abandoned their duty and betrayed the city in his past life. -- -- (Source: Goodreads) -- ONA - May 9, 2017 -- 11,207 7.42
Yuuki Yuuna wa Yuusha de Aru: Washio Sumi no Shou -- -- Studio Gokumi -- 6 eps -- Light novel -- Slice of Life Drama Magic Fantasy -- Yuuki Yuuna wa Yuusha de Aru: Washio Sumi no Shou Yuuki Yuuna wa Yuusha de Aru: Washio Sumi no Shou -- Three girls have been chosen by the great Shinju-sama to be heroes and fight against the destructive beings known as Vertexes—enemies that threaten the harmony and safety of the world. -- -- Unsure of when they would be called to duty, Sumi Washio, Sonoko Nogi, and Gin Minowa spent their time idly. However, with the sudden appearance of a Vertex, they realize they have no idea how to fight together as magical girls when they are nearly bested. They manage to defeat their enemy by sheer determination, but in the aftermath of the battle, the three decide to fix their teamwork issues and improve their combat capabilities. -- -- But as more enemies appear—and requiring even more power to defeat their nemeses—the girls may find themselves irreversibly changed by the use of their magic. What price will they have to pay to ensure victory, and is it one worth paying if humanity will be saved? -- -- 33,727 7.65
Yuuki Yuuna wa Yuusha de Aru: Washio Sumi no Shou -- -- Studio Gokumi -- 6 eps -- Light novel -- Slice of Life Drama Magic Fantasy -- Yuuki Yuuna wa Yuusha de Aru: Washio Sumi no Shou Yuuki Yuuna wa Yuusha de Aru: Washio Sumi no Shou -- Three girls have been chosen by the great Shinju-sama to be heroes and fight against the destructive beings known as Vertexes—enemies that threaten the harmony and safety of the world. -- -- Unsure of when they would be called to duty, Sumi Washio, Sonoko Nogi, and Gin Minowa spent their time idly. However, with the sudden appearance of a Vertex, they realize they have no idea how to fight together as magical girls when they are nearly bested. They manage to defeat their enemy by sheer determination, but in the aftermath of the battle, the three decide to fix their teamwork issues and improve their combat capabilities. -- -- But as more enemies appear—and requiring even more power to defeat their nemeses—the girls may find themselves irreversibly changed by the use of their magic. What price will they have to pay to ensure victory, and is it one worth paying if humanity will be saved? -- -- -- Licensor: -- Ponycan USA -- 33,727 7.65
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1993 Klamath Falls earthquakes
2016 Mathura clash
253 Mathilde
2E6 (mathematics)
Abhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar der Universitt Hamburg
Abstraction (mathematics)
Abune Mathias
Academy for Mathematics, Science, and Engineering
Academy for Math, Engineering, and Science
Academy of Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Science
Accelerated Math
ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
A Course of Pure Mathematics
Acraea admatha
Acta Applicandae Mathematicae
Acta Mathematica
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica
Acta Mathematica Hungarica
Acta Mathematica Sinica
Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum
Adaikalamatha College
Adam Marcus (mathematician)
Adam Mather
Addison-Wesley Secondary Math: An Integrated Approach: Focus on Algebra
Additional Mathematics
Adnyamathanha
Adnyamathanha language
Advanced level mathematics
Advances in Applied Mathematics
Advances in Mathematics
Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics
Aedes spermathecus
Aemona amathusia
Aequationes Mathematicae
African Institute for Mathematical Sciences
African Mathematical Union
Aftermath
Aftermath!
Aftermath (1927 film)
Aftermath (1994 film)
Aftermath (2004 film)
Aftermath (2010 TV series)
Aftermath (2012 film)
Aftermath (2014 film)
Aftermath (2016 TV series)
Aftermath (2017 film)
Aftermath (American band)
Aftermath (Amy Lee soundtrack)
Aftermath (Battery album)
Aftermath (comics)
Aftermathematics
Aftermath Entertainment
Aftermath (Muse song)
Aftermath of the 2000 Fijian coup d'tat
Aftermath of the 2008 Mumbai attacks
Aftermath of the 2011 Libyan Civil War
Aftermath of the 2011 Thoku earthquake and tsunami
Aftermath of the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum
Aftermath of the Bahraini uprising (AprilJune 2011)
Aftermath of the Bahraini uprising (JanuaryAugust 2012)
Aftermath of the Bahraini uprising (JulyDecember 2011)
Aftermath of the Bahraini uprising (SeptemberDecember 2012)
Aftermath of the Bronze Night
Aftermath of the Cuban Revolution
Aftermath of the Falklands War
Aftermath of the Holocaust
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Aftermath of the Korean War
Aftermath of the Lowdown
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Aftermath of World War II
Aftermath: Population Zero
Aftermath (Robinson novel)
Aftermath (Rolling Stones album)
Aftermath Services
Aftermath: The Remnants of War
A. G. Mathews
A history of mathematics
Ahobila Matha
Aidan Mathews
Ain Bni Mathar
Ajaip Singh Matharu
Alambazar Math
Alan Baker (mathematician)
Alan Matheney
Albert Mathiez
Alberto Pinto (mathematician)
Alessandra Celletti (mathematician)
Alessandro Marchetti (mathematician)
Alexander Anderson (mathematician)
Alexander F. Mathews
Alexander Kiselev (mathematician)
Alexander Mather
Alexander Matheson
Alexander Mathews (priest)
Alexander Mathis
Alexander Mathisen
Alexander Mathys
Alexander Novikov (mathematician)
Alexander Schmidt (mathematician)
Alexander Wallace Matheson
Alex Barnett (mathematician)
Alex Mathew
Alex Mathie
Alfred Foster (mathematician)
Alfred Mathews
Alfred Mathieu Giard
Alfrd Rnyi Institute of Mathematics
Algebraic semantics (mathematical logic)
Alice Lee (mathematician)
Alice Tligny Mathon
Allegory (mathematics)
All India Samathuva Makkal Katchi
All Night Long (Simon Mathew song)
All-Russian Mathematical Portal
Al Mathnah
Almost Mathieu operator
Alonzo C. Mather
Amara Indumathi
Amathay-Vsigneux
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
A Mathematician's Apology
A Mathematician's Lament
A Mathematician's Miscellany
Amathes
A. Mathias Mundadan
Amathina tricarinata
Amath Ndiaye
Amathole District Municipality
Amathole Mountains
Amathole Museum
Amathus
Amathusia
Amathusia andamanensis
Amathusia (butterfly)
Amathusia phidippus
Amathusiini
Amathus, Transjordan
Amathuxidia
Amathuxidia amythaon
Amath Yashya
AMD Core Math Library
American Institute of Mathematics
American Invitational Mathematics Examination
American Journal of Mathematics
American Mathematical Association of Two-Year Colleges
American Mathematical Monthly
American Mathematical Society
American Mathematics Competitions
Ameya Mathew
A. M. Mathai
Ammathiruvadi Temple
Amoeba (mathematics)
Anandamath
Anartia amathea
Ancient Egyptian mathematics
Andrea Milani (mathematician)
Andr Bloch (mathematician)
Andr Fortin (mathematician)
Andrei Knyazev (mathematician)
Andr Mathieu
Andrew Barclay (mathematician)
Andrew Booker (mathematician)
Andrew Mackay (mathematician)
Andrew Matheson
Andrew Mathews
Andrew Mathieson
Andrew Munro (mathematician)
Andrew Sutherland (mathematician)
Angelo Mathews
Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae Mathematica
Annals of Mathematical Statistics
Annals of Mathematics
Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics
Annamma Mathew
Annanias Mathe
Anne Mathams
Anne Mather
Ann Teresa Mathews
Annulus (mathematics)
Anthimos Mathews
Anthony Mather-Jackson
Anthony Stephen Mathew
Antiparallel (mathematics)
Antoine Flix Math
Antonio Monteiro (mathematician)
Anup Mathew Thomas
Aphrem Mathews
Applied mathematics
Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (English Edition)
Applied Maths
Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols
Arahanthgiri Jain Math
Archduchess Mathilda of Austria
Archie Matheson
Archiv der Mathematik
Archive for Mathematical Logic
Archives of American Mathematics
Arch/Matheos
Arctostaphylos klamathensis
Areas of mathematics
Arimathea
rni Mathiesen
Arnold Mathematical Journal
Arnold Mathew
Aromatherapy
Ars Mathematica
Ars Mathematica Contemporanea
Arthur Frank Mathews
Arthur Matheson
Arthur Mathews
Arthur Mathews (writer)
Arthur Walsh, 3rd Baron Ormathwaite
Art of Mathura
Asana-Math
AsciiMath
Ashta Mathas of Udupi
Asian Journal of Mathematics
Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad
Association for Women in Mathematics
Association of Christians in the Mathematical Sciences
Association of European Film Archives and Cinematheques
Association of Mathematics Teachers of India
Association of Teachers of Mathematics
Auguste Mathieu Panseron
Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers
Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute
Australian Mathematical Society
Australian Mathematics Competition
Austramathes fortis
Austramathes pessota
Austramathes purpurea
Automath
Autonomous system (mathematics)
Ayo Kimathi
Babylonian mathematics
Bachelor of Mathematics
Baden Powell (mathematician)
Balkan Mathematical Olympiad
Ball (mathematics)
Baltazar Mathias Keilhau
Baltic Way (mathematical contest)
Balumath (community development block)
Banach Journal of Mathematical Analysis
Bangladesh Mathematical Olympiad
Baranagar Math
Barrie-Jon Mather
Basemath
Basic Math (video game)
Basmath
Basque Center for Applied Mathematics
Battle of Brumath
Battle of Hamath
Battle of Saint-Mathieu
Belur Math
Bematha
Ben Green (mathematician)
Ben Matheson
Berlin workshops on Babylonian mathematics
Bernat Francs Caballero i Mathet
Bernhard Termath
Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability
Beyer Professor of Applied Mathematics
Bhaagamathie
Bhanumathi & Ramakrishna
Bhanumathi Narasimhan
Bharati Matha Temple
Bhavanpura, Mathura
Bill Mather-Brown
Bill Mathews
Bill Parry (mathematician)
BIT Numerical Mathematics
Blanzac-ls-Matha
Bobby Mathews
Bobby Mathews (general)
Bob Mathias
Bob McMath
Bonang Matheba
Book:College Mathematics: Algebra
Book:Mathematical Logic
Book:Mathematics
Brge Mathiesen
Bounded type (mathematics)
Brahmamgari Matham
Brazilian Mathematical Society
Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics
Brian Mathew
Brian White (mathematician)
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology
British Mathematical Olympiad
British Mathematical Olympiad Subtrust
British Society for Research into Learning Mathematics
British Society for the History of Mathematics
Bruce Reed (mathematician)
Bruce Smathers
Brumath
Bruno Mathsson
Budapest Semesters in Mathematics
Building (mathematics)
Bulletin de la Socit Mathmatique de France
Bulletin of Mathematical Sciences
Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society
Business mathematics
Buster Matheney
Buster Mathis
Buster Mathis Jr.
B. Valarmathi
BYU College of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
Cain Mathema
Calcutta Mathematical Society
Caliber (mathematics)
California Academy of Mathematics and Science
Cameron Mathison
Camille Mathi de Valfons
Camille Mather
Camp Klamath, California
Camp Mather-Camp Logan
Camps-Saint-Mathurin-Lobazel
Canada/USA Mathcamp
Canadian Journal of Mathematics
Canadian Mathematical Bulletin
Canadian Mathematical Olympiad
Canadian Mathematical Society
Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics
Canadian Undergraduate Mathematics Conference
Canton of Matheysine-Trives
Carex klamathensis
Carl Mathews
Carmen Mathews
Carmen Sandiego Adventures in Math
Carolina Araujo (mathematician)
Caroline Mathilde
Carol Martin Gatton Academy of Mathematics and Science in Kentucky
Carol Mather
Carrie Mathison
Carus Mathematical Monographs
Casualties of the Bahraini uprising of 2011 and its aftermath
Categories for the Working Mathematician
Category:French mathematicians
Category:Lists of things named after mathematicians
Category (mathematics)
Category:Villages in Mathura district
Cathrine Mathevon
Caustic (mathematics)
Cdric Mathy
Center for Mathematical Modeling
Center for Mathematics and Theoretical Physics
Center for Women in Mathematics
Central Department of Mathematics TU
Central Economic Mathematical Institute
Centre de Morphologie Mathmatique
Centre de Recherches Mathmatiques
Centre for Education in Mathematics and Computing
Centre for Mathematical Sciences
Centre for Mathematical Sciences (Cambridge)
Centre International de Rencontres Mathmatiques
Centre of Mathematics and Design
Chalakuzhy Paulose Mathen
Championnat International de Jeux Mathmatiques et Logiques
Chandramathi
Characterization (mathematics)
Character (mathematics)
Charles Edward Mathews
Charles Elkin Mathews
Charles James Mathews
Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts
Charles-Joseph Mathon de la Cour
Charles Kamathi
Charles Lawrence (mathematician)
Charles Mathes
Charles Mathew
Charles Mathews
Charles Mathias
Charles-Mathias Simons
Charles Mathiesen
Charles Mathieu Isidore Decaen
Charles Mathieu Schols
Charles Sims (mathematician)
Charles Thompson Mathews
Charles Willie Mathews
Charlotte Mary Matheson
Chartered Mathematician
Charumathi Raghuraman
Charumathi Ramachandran
Cheetah Math
Cheff v. Mathes
Chennai Mathematical Institute
Chester Mathis
ChhapraMathura Superfast Express
Chilo psammathis
China Girls Mathematical Olympiad
Chinaman: The Legend of Pradeep Mathew
Chinese Annals of Mathematics, Series B
Chinese mathematics
Chirality (mathematics)
Chitrabhanu (mathematician)
Chitrapur Math
Chloe Dewe Mathews
Chrestomathy
Chris Matheson
Chris Rogers (mathematician)
Chris Stevens (mathematician)
Christian Mathias Schrder
Christian Pierre Mathiesen
Christy Mathewson
Christy MathewsonMemorial Stadium
Chronology of ancient Greek mathematicians
Chumathang
Church's thesis (constructive mathematics)
Church of St. Joseph of Arimathea
Ciarn Mac Mathna
Cinematheque
Cinmathque de Tanger
Cinmathque Franaise
Cinmathque nationale du Liban
Cinmathque qubcoise
Cis (mathematics)
Clara Mathilda Faisst
Claremont Center for the Mathematical Sciences
Clarence Edward Mathias
Clark Mathis
Clasper (mathematics)
Classical mathematics
Claude-Louis Mathieu
Clay Mathematics Institute
Clay Mathematics Monographs
Clay Mathile
Closeness (mathematics)
Close to You (Johnny Mathis album)
Closure (mathematics)
Cmath
C mathematical functions
Cofinal (mathematics)
Colin Adams (mathematician)
Colin Mathieson
Colin Mathura-Jeffree
Collectanea Mathematica
Collge Mathieu
Comenius University Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics
Commensurability (mathematics)
Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici
Communications in Contemporary Mathematics
Communications in Mathematical Physics
Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics
Compactification (mathematics)
Compact object (mathematics)
Compositio Mathematica
CompuMath Citation Index
Compu-Math series
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
Computational mathematics
Computer-Based Math
Computer-based mathematics education
Computer mathematics
Computers and Mathematics with Applications
Concepts of Modern Mathematics
Conchoid (mathematics)
Concise Encyclopedia of Supersymmetry and Noncommutative Structures in Mathematics and Physics
Concrete Mathematics
Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences
Configuration space (mathematics)
Conglomerate (mathematics)
Congressional Science Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) Academic Competition
Connection (mathematics)
Constraint (mathematics)
Constructivism (philosophy of mathematics)
Consumer math
Contact (mathematics)
Contributions of Leonhard Euler to mathematics
Control (Mutemath song)
Control point (mathematics)
Cool Math Games
Core-Plus Mathematics Project
Cornelius Mathews
Corybantes mathani
Cotton Mather
Council for the Mathematical Sciences
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences
Craig Mathieson (polar explorer)
Crater LakeKlamath Regional Airport
Critical point (mathematics)
Cross of Otto and Mathilde
Crux Mathematicorum
Crystal (mathematics)
Cuban Missile Crisis: The Aftermath
Curl (mathematics)
Current (mathematics)
Curtis Cooper (mathematician)
Curtis Mathes Corporation
C. V. Mathew
Cyclic (mathematics)
Cyprus Mathematical Society
Daivanamathil
Dammathet Cave bent-toed gecko
Daniel Kane (mathematician)
Daniel Koat Mathews
Daniel Murray (mathematician)
Danish Mathematical Society
Dan Margalit (mathematician)
Dan Mathews
Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics
DatarMathews method for real option valuation
David Acheson (mathematician)
David Bevan (mathematician)
David Gauld (mathematician)
David Gibb (mathematician)
David Klein (mathematician)
David Mathayo David
David Mathebula
David Mathers
David Matheson
David Mathew
David Mathews
David Mathias
David Mathieson
David Mathis
David Mathison
David-Maurice-Joseph Mathieu de La Redorte
David McMath
David Nadler (mathematician)
David Spence (mathematician)
David Webb (mathematician)
Dead Space: Aftermath
Dearborn Center for Math, Science and Technology
Death of a Neapolitan Mathematician
Death of Sherin Mathews
Deborah and Franklin Haimo Awards for Distinguished College or University Teaching of Mathematics
Deborah Mathis
Decision mathematics
Dedan Kimathi
Dedan Kimathi University of Technology
Definitions of mathematics
Deformation (mathematics)
Degeneracy (mathematics)
Department of Informatics and Mathematical Modelling, Technical University of Denmark
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University
Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester
Department of the Interior v. Klamath Water Users Protective Ass'n
Derived set (mathematics)
Derry Mathews
Descent (mathematics)
Detention of Ayub Ali Khan and Mohammed Jaweed Azmath
Deutsche Kinemathek
Deutsche Mathematik
Dharmathakur
Dialling (mathematics)
Diarmuid Mathna's GAA
Diego Rodrguez (mathematician)
Dieter Mathoi
Differential (mathematics)
Digital Library of Mathematical Functions
Diocles (mathematician)
Discharging method (discrete mathematics)
Discrete Applied Mathematics
Discrete mathematics
Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science
Discrete Mathematics (journal)
Discrete spectrum (mathematics)
Disk (mathematics)
Disney's Math Quest with Aladdin
Distortion (mathematics)
Distribution (mathematics)
Division (mathematics)
Dmitry Gudkov (mathematician)
Doc Mathis
Domain (mathematical analysis)
Domingo Matheu
Donald in Mathmagic Land
Donald Macleod Matheson
Donald Matheson Sutherland
Donald Mathieson
Donkey Kong Jr. Math
Don Mathieson (lawyer)
Douglas Jones (mathematician)
Douglas West (mathematician)
Doug Mathis
Draft:Mathias Masson
Draft:Mathias Rissi
Draft:Matholela Moloi
Draft:MOVE IT Math
Dr. Dre Presents the Aftermath
Dromatheriidae
Duality (mathematics)
Duchess Mathilde Ludovika in Bavaria
Duke Mathematical Journal
E6 (mathematics)
E7 (mathematics)
E8 (mathematics)
Eccentricity (mathematics)
cole Mathieu-Martin
cole nationale suprieure d'lectronique, informatique, tlcommunications, mathmatique et mcanique de Bordeaux
cole nationale suprieure d'informatique et de mathmatiques appliques de Grenoble
Eddie Mathews
Edgar Mathews
Edinburgh Mathematical Society
douard Math
Educational Studies in Mathematics
Edward Marsh (polymath)
Edward Mathew
Edward Powys Mathers
Edward Wright (mathematician)
Ee Vazhi Mathram
Effects and aftermath of rape
Egyptian Mathematical Leather Roll
Einstein Institute of Mathematics
E. J. Mather
Elementary mathematics
Elemente der Mathematik
Element (mathematics)
lments de mathmatique
Elisha Mathewson
Eliud Mathu
Elizabeth Louisa Foster Mather
Elizabeth Matheson
Elizabeth Mathis
Elizabeth Scott (mathematician)
Eliza Kirkham Mathews
Ellen Buckingham Mathews
Emara Matha
E (mathematical constant)
Ematheudes
Ematheudes miosticta
Ematheudes neurias
Ematheudes nigropunctata
Ematheudes persicella
Ematheudes pseudopunctella
Ematheudes punctella
Ematheudes rhizolineata
Ematheudes rhodochroa
Ematheudes straminella
Emathla, Florida
Emathus
mile Lonard Mathieu
mile Mathieu
mile Mathieu (composer)
mile Mathis
Emil Mller (mathematician)
Encyclopedia of Mathematics
Engineering mathematics
Enoch Lewis (mathematician)
Ente Entethu Mathrem
Envelope (mathematics)
Epsilon numbers (mathematics)
Equaliser (mathematics)
Equality (mathematics)
Equiareal map (mathematics)
Erasmus Smith's Professor of Mathematics at Trinity College Dublin
Eric Matheny
Eric Mathoho
Erigeron klamathensis
Error analysis (mathematics)
Erwin Schrdinger International Institute for Mathematical Physics
Eryngium mathiasiae
Erythronium klamathense
Esther Murugi Mathenge
Ethics in mathematics
Ethnomathematics
tienne Mathieu
Euchaetes promathides
European Congress of Mathematics
European Mathematical Society
Evan Mathew Richards
Evelyn Nelson (mathematician)
Eventually (mathematics)
Everyday Mathematics
Ewing Matheson
E. W. Mathew
Exercise (mathematics)
Experimental mathematics
Experimental Mathematics (journal)
Expositiones Mathematicae
Expression (mathematics)
Extended Mathematical Programming
External (mathematics)
F4 (mathematics)
Fabius Aconius Catullinus Philomathius
Faculty of Mathematics, University of Cambridge
Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Faithfully (Johnny Mathis album)
Father Mathew
Father Mathew Bridge
Fathima Matha Chapel, Kandeswaram
Fathimath Dhiyana Saeed
Fathimath Fareela
Fathimath Nahula
Fathimath Zoona
F. David Mathews
Flix Math
Flix Mathieu
Femmes et Mathmatiques
Fence (mathematics)
Fernanda Botelho (mathematician)
Feu Mathias Pascal
Fiber (mathematics)
Fielden Professor of Pure Mathematics
Field (mathematics)
Figure-eight knot (mathematics)
Filter (mathematics)
Filtration (mathematics)
Finite mathematics
First cabinet of Louis Mathieu Mol
Fixed point (mathematics)
Flanders Mathematics Olympiad
Flatness (mathematics)
Fletcher Mathews Haight
Flip (mathematics)
Flora Stone Mather College Historic District
Flow (mathematics)
Folk mathematics
Forcing (mathematics)
Formalism (philosophy of mathematics)
Formulario mathematico
Fort Klamath
Fort Klamath, Oregon
Forum of Mathematics
Foundations of Computational Mathematics
Foundations of mathematics
Francine Mathews
Francis Charles McMath
Francis Clarke (mathematician)
Francis Dominic Murnaghan (mathematician)
Francis Mathew, 2nd Earl Landaff
Franois Chtelet (mathematician)
Franois-Dsir Mathieu
Franois-Eugne Mathieu
Franois Mathet
Franois Mathias Ren Leprieur
Francois Mathieu (entrepreneur)
Franois Mathy
Frank A. Mathews Jr.
Frank George Mathias Rowley
Frank Kelly (mathematician)
Frank Mather
Frank Mathiesen
Frank Ramsey (mathematician)
Frederick Matheson
Fred Mather
Free-standing Mathematics Qualifications
French mathematical seminars
Freya Mathews
Functional (mathematics)
Function (mathematics)
Fundamenta Mathematicae
Further Mathematics
Fuzzy math
Fuzzy mathematics
G2 (mathematics)
Gabon Mathematical Society
Gagan Ullalmath
Gahirmatha Beach
Gail D. Mathieu
Gallimathias musicum
Gambling mathematics
Ganthimathi
Garey Mathurin
Gaudapadacharya Math
Gaudiya Math
Gazoryctra mathewi
Generator (mathematics)
Genius (mathematics software)
Genus (mathematics)
Geomathematics
George A. Mathews
George Andrews (mathematician)
George A. Smathers Libraries
George Ballard Mathews
George Buckley-Mathew
George Green (mathematician)
George Mathan
George Mathers
George Mathers, 1st Baron Mathers
George Mathers (architect)
George Matheson
George Matheson Murray
George Mathews
George Mathewson
George Mathews (soldier)
George Mathison
George R. Mather
George Sinclair (mathematician)
Georges Math
Georges Matheron
George Smathers
George Walker (mathematician)
George W. Mathews
Georgia Academy of Arts, Mathematics, Engineering and Science
Gerard Murphy (mathematician)
German Association for Mathematical Logic and for Basic Research in the Exact Sciences
German Mathematical Society
Germ (mathematics)
Gesellschaft fr Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik
Gesellschaft fr Didaktik der Mathematik
Gza Fodor (mathematician)
G. Gomathisankara Dikshidar
Ghana National Science and Maths Quiz
Ghumne Mechmathi Andho Manche
Giovanna Venetiglio Matheus
Giovanni Forni (mathematician)
Glasgow Mathematical Journal
Glenea mathematica
Global Digital Mathematics Library
Glossary of Principia Mathematica
Go and mathematics
Gokarna Math
Golden triangle (mathematics)
Gomathi Srinivasan
Gomathiyin Kaadhalan
Gorakhnath Math
Govardhan Math
Government Museum, Mathura
Governor Mathews
Graduate Studies in Mathematics
Graduate Texts in Mathematics
Grady Mathews
Granny knot (mathematics)
Graph (discrete mathematics)
Greater Hartford Academy of Mathematics and Science
Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering
Greek mathematics
Greg Mathews
Greg Mathis
Gregory Mathews
GRE Mathematics Test
Grethe Mathiesen
Group (mathematics)
Grundlagen der Mathematik
Guide to Available Mathematical Software
Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas
Guy David (mathematician)
Guy Matheson
Haaken C. Mathiesen Jr.
Haaken L. Mathiesen
Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics
Hkon Storm-Mathisen
Halumatha
Hamburg Mathematical Society
Hampshire College Summer Studies in Mathematics
Handbook of mathematical functions
Hannah Mather Crocker
Hans-Christian Mathiesen
Hao Huang (mathematician)
Harlan Mathews
Harmathque
Harmonic series (mathematics)
Harold Edwards (mathematician)
Harold Taylor (polymath)
Harriet Mathew
Harry Pollard (mathematician)
HarvardMIT Mathematics Tournament
Hawthorne Math and Science Academy
Heap (mathematics)
Hector Chang (mathematician)
Hegarty Maths
Helen Wilson (mathematician)
Heliconius hermathena
Helios and Matheson Analytics
Hellenic Mathematical Society
Help:Using Wikipedia for mathematics self-study
Henriette Mathiesen
Henri Math
Henri Mathias Berthelot
Henry Briggs (mathematician)
Henry Mathewson
Henry M. Mathews
Henry Moseley (mathematician)
Henry Priestley (mathematician)
Herchel Smith Professor of Pure Mathematics
Hermathena
Hermathena (composite of Hermes and Athena)
Hermathena oweni
Hiram F. Mather
Hiroshima Mathematical Journal
Historia Mathematica
History of Hindu Mathematics
History of Jardine Matheson & Co.
History of mathematical notation
History of mathematics
H. L. v. Matheson
Hollis Chair of Mathematicks and Natural Philosophy
Homology (mathematics)
Hong Kong Association of Science and Mathematics Education
Hong Kong Mathematics Olympiad
Hormathophylla spinosa
Howard Mather Burnham
How Do You Keep the Music Playing? (Johnny Mathis album)
HowrahMathura Chambal Express
Hugh Matheson
Ian Sloan (mathematician)
Ian Stewart (mathematician)
Ibn Sahl (mathematician)
Icelandic Junior College Mathematics Competition
Ida Elizabeth Brandon Mathis
Identity (mathematics)
Ifenain Ilmathen
Illinois Journal of Mathematics
Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy
Image (mathematics)
IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics
IMA Journal of Management Mathematics
IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information
Imathia
Immersion (mathematics)
Implementation of mathematics in set theory
Indagationes Mathematicae
Independence (mathematical logic)
Inderjit Singh Matharu
Indiana Academy for Science, Mathematics, and Humanities
Indiana University Mathematics Journal
Indian mathematics
Indian National Mathematical Olympiad
Indumathi D.
Inequality (mathematics)
Informal mathematics
Information source (mathematics)
Injakkadan Mathai & Sons
Institut de mathmatiques de Jussieu Paris Rive Gauche
Institut de Mathmatiques de Toulouse
Institute for Computational and Experimental Research in Mathematics
Institute for Mathematical Sciences
Institute for Mathematics and its Applications
Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics
Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics
Institute of Mathematical Sciences
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai
Institute of Mathematical Sciences (Spain)
Institute of Mathematical Statistics
Institute of Mathematics
Institute of Mathematics and Applications
Institute of Mathematics and Applications, Bhubaneswar
Institute of Mathematics and Informatics
Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy
Institute of Mathematics, Physics, and Mechanics
Institute of Statistical Mathematics
Integrated mathematics
Interactive Mathematics Program
Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling
International Association for Mathematical Geosciences
International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation
International Centre for Mathematical Sciences
International Commission on Mathematical Instruction
International Commission on the History of Mathematics
International Conference on Technology in Collegiate Mathematics
International Congress of Mathematicians
International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics
International Congress on Mathematical Education
International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
International Journal of Biomathematics
International Journal of Computer Mathematics
International Journal of Mathematics
International Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science
International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences
International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education
International Mathematical Modeling Challenge
International Mathematical Olympiad
International Mathematical Union
International Mathematics Competition for University Students
International Mathematics Research Notices
International Mathematics Research Surveys
International Society for Mathematical Sciences
International Society for the Interaction of Mechanics and Mathematics
International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science
Interval (mathematics)
Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy
Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity
Invariant (mathematics)
Inventiones Mathematicae
Inversion (discrete mathematics)
Involution (mathematics)
Irish Mathematical Society
Irreducibility (mathematics)
Irving Allen Mathews
Israel Journal of Mathematics
Israel Mathematical Union
Istanbul Center for Mathematical Sciences
Istvn Feny (mathematician)
Istvn Vincze (mathematician)
Italian Mathematical Union
Ithramathram
Ithramathram (1986 film)
Ithu Oru Thudakkom Mathram
Ivanauskiella psamathias
Ivanios Mathews
Ivan Ivanov (mathematician)
Ivan Mathias Petersson
Ivar Mathisen
Izvestiya: Mathematics
Jack Mathis
Jack W. Mathis
Jacob Matham
Jacques-Marie-Adrien-Csaire Mathieu
Jada Mathyssen-Whyman
Jahi McMath case
Jama Mosque, Mathura
James Arthur (mathematician)
James Caldwell (mathematician)
James C. Mathis III
James Crowley (mathematician)
James Cullen (mathematician)
James Gray (mathematician)
James Gregory (mathematician)
James Hodgson (mathematician)
James Hume (mathematician)
James Ivory (mathematician)
James Mather
James Mathers
James Mathes
James Matheson
James Mathew
James Mathews
James Mathewson
James Mathieson
James Mathison
James Maynard (mathematician)
James McMahon (mathematician)
James Mercer (mathematician)
James Milne (mathematician)
James M. Mathews
James N. Mathias Jr.
James Pierpont (mathematician)
James Stirling (mathematician)
James Wood (mathematician)
Jamie Mathiou
Jnos Aczl (mathematician)
Jnos Bolyai Mathematical Institute
Jnos Bolyai Mathematical Society
Jnos Komls (mathematician)
Japanese mathematics
Japan Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Jardine Matheson
Jardine Matheson Building
Jason Gaverick Matheny
Jason Matheson
Jason Mathews
Jatukham Rammathep
Jay Mathews
Jean Baptiste Mathey
Jean-Baptiste Morin (mathematician)
Jean Giraud (mathematician)
Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Srurier
Jeff Mathews
Jeff Mathis
Jeff Paris (mathematician)
Jeffrey Weeks (mathematician)
J. E. Mathews
Jeremy Fell Mathews
Jrmy Mathieu
Jesper Mller (mathematician)
Jessica Mathews
Jil Matheson
Jimbo Mathus
Jim Mathers
Jim Matheson
Jimmy Mathis
Jim Simons (mathematician)
Ji Matouek (mathematician)
Jisna Mathew
Joby Mathew
Joe Harris (mathematician)
Jol Camathias
Joel Matheson
Joe Namath
Johan Jensen (mathematician)
John Albert Mathews
John Alexander Mathieson
John Baxter Mather
John B. Mather
John Britton (mathematician)
John C. Mather
John Craig (mathematician)
John E. Mathews
John F. Matheus
John Foxx and the Maths
John Hinch (mathematician)
John H. Mathis & Company
John H. Smith (mathematician)
John J. Matheussen
John Joseph Mathews
John Laver Mather Cooper
John Lott (mathematician)
John Mathai (administrator)
John Mather
John Matheson
John Matheson (bishop)
John Mathew
John Mathews
John Mathews (American pioneer)
John Mathews (lawyer)
John Mathews (professor)
John Mathews (theologian)
John Mathias
John Mathieson
John Mathieson Anderson
John Mathieson (cinematographer)
John Mathiot
John Mathis
John Mathison
John Mathwin
John McCarthy (mathematician)
John McKay (mathematician)
John McNamara (mathematical biologist)
John McWhirter (mathematician)
John Morgan (mathematician)
John N. Mather
Johnny Mathis
Johnny Mathis (album)
Johnny Mathis discography
Johnny Mathis Seniors Classic
Johnny Mathis Sings
Johnny Mathis Sings the Music of Bacharach & Kaempfert
John of Matha
John Rigby (mathematician)
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John Taylor (mathematician)
John Toland (mathematician)
John Walsh, 1st Baron Ormathwaite
John Wilson (mathematician)
Joint Mathematical Council
Joint Mathematics Meetings
Joint Policy Board for Mathematics
Jonah Mathews
Jonathan Cape (mathematician)
Jonathan Mathews
Jonathan Mathis
Jon Mathews
Jorge Luis Borges and mathematics
Jorge Mathias
Jrgen Mathiesen
Jrgen Mathisen
Joris Mathijsen
Josef Mathauser
Joseph A. Ball (mathematician)
Joseph-Andr-Mathurin Jacrau
Joseph Mathen
Joseph Matheny
Joseph Matheson
Joseph Mathunjwa
Joseph-Mathurin Bourg
Joseph Mathy
Joseph of Arimathea
Josephus of Arimathea
Joshimath
Josh Mathews
Journal de Mathmatiques Pures et Appliques
Journal for Research in Mathematics Education
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics
Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
Journal of Mathematical Biology
Journal of Mathematical Economics
Journal of Mathematical Logic
Journal of Mathematical Physics
Journal of Mathematical Physics, Analysis, Geometry
Journal of Mathematical Psychology
Journal of Mathematics and the Arts
Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education
Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics
Journal of Recreational Mathematics
Journal of the American Mathematical Society
Journal of the European Mathematical Society
Joy Mathew
c (mathematician)
Jzsef Balogh (mathematician)
JsMath
Judge Mathis
Judgment (mathematical logic)
Julia Robinson Mathematics Festival
June Mathis
Kaalikaamba Kamatheshwara Temple
Kadalikkattil Mathai Kathanar
Kakanmath
Kamatha
K. A. Mathiazhagan
Kamathipura
Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science
Karabo Mathang-Tshabuse
Karl Reinhardt (mathematician)
Karnataka Arebhashe Samskruthi mathu Sahitya Academy
Kashi Math
Katharine Kniskern Mather
Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
Kayamath
K-cell (mathematics)
Keith Mathison
Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics
Kenneth Brown (mathematician)
Kenneth Falconer (mathematician)
Kenneth G. Matheson
Kenneth Mathews
Kenneth Mathiason Skeaping
Kentaro Yano (mathematician)
Kerwin Mathews
Kevin Ford (mathematician)
Kevin Mathews
Kharkhana Zinda Tilismath
Kharkov Mathematical Society
Killings and aftermath of the Mountain Meadows Massacre
Kimathanka
Kinemathek Bern
Kirtley F. Mather
Kismath
K. K. Mathew
Klamath
Klamath Agency, Oregon
Klamath Basin
Klamath Basin National Wildlife Refuge Complex
Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement
Klamath, California
Klamath Falls Gems
Klamath Falls Gems (194851)
Klamath Falls, Oregon
Klamath Glen, California
Klamath Lake sculpin
Klamath language
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Klamath Mountains
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Klamath people
Klamath Project
Klamath smallscale sucker
Klamath Theater Complex Fire
Klamath Tribes
Klaus Schmidt (mathematician)
Klein's Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences
K. M. Mathew
Knights of Father Mathew
Knot (mathematics)
Komatha En Kulamatha
Krishna Mathoera
Krishnapura matha
Kristian Mathias Fimland
Kuzhivelil Mathew
K. V. Kamath
L'Enseignement mathmatique
L'Intermdiaire des Mathmaticiens
La Cinmathque Mlis
Lahun Mathematical Papyri
Lajos Psa (mathematician)
Lake Matheson
Lake Mathews
L A Mathemagical Adventure
Language of mathematics
Latin letters used in mathematics
Latvian Mathematical Society
Lazar Mathew
Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath
Lecture Notes in Mathematics
Lemma (mathematics)
Lennart Mathiasen
Lennox Mathematics, Science & Technology Academy
Leon (mathematician)
Lon Mathot
Leo the Mathematician
Les Mathes
Les Mathurins (acrobatic act)
Letter from Cotton Mather to William Stoughton, September 2, 1692
Letters in Mathematical Physics
Lewis Evans (mathematician)
Lew Mathe
Libertina Amathila
Lift (mathematics)
Limit (mathematics)
Lina Mathon-Blanchet
List of African-American mathematicians
List of American mathematicians
List of birds of the Klamath Basin
List of Cambridge mathematicians
List of Chinese mathematicians
List of continuity-related mathematical topics
List of countries by medal count at International Mathematical Olympiad
List of craters on Mathilde
List of films about mathematicians
List of former toponyms in Imathia Prefecture
List of German mathematicians
List of Hungarian mathematicians
List of important publications in mathematics
List of Indian mathematicians
List of International Congresses of Mathematicians Plenary and Invited Speakers
List of International Mathematical Olympiad participants
List of International Mathematical Olympiads
List of Iranian mathematicians
List of Italian mathematicians
List of Jewish American mathematicians
List of Jewish mathematicians
List of letters used in mathematics and science
List of long mathematical proofs
List of Martin Gardner Mathematical Games columns
List of mathcore bands
List of mathematical artists
List of mathematical constants
List of mathematical functions
List of mathematical jargon
List of mathematical knots and links
List of mathematical logic topics
List of mathematical physics journals
List of mathematical probabilists
List of mathematical proofs
List of mathematical properties of points
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List of mathematical topics in quantum theory
List of mathematical topics in relativity
List of mathematicians born in the 19th century
List of mathematicians, physicians, and scientists educated at Jesus College, Oxford
List of mathematic operators
List of mathematics awards
List of mathematics competitions
List of mathematics education journals
List of mathematics journals
List of mathematics reference tables
List of math rock groups
List of monuments in Sagarmatha Zone
List of open-source software for mathematics
List of order structures in mathematics
List of Polish mathematicians
List of presidents of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics
List of Russian mathematicians
List of settlements in Imathia
List of Slovenian mathematicians
List of songs recorded by Mireille Mathieu
List of Ukrainian mathematicians
List of unsolved problems in mathematics
List of Welsh mathematicians
List of women in mathematics
Lists of mathematicians
Lists of mathematics topics
Literal (mathematical logic)
Lvia Gyarmathy
Li Ye (mathematician)
Llanfair-Mathafarn-Eithaf
Lloyd Mathews
LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics
Local time (mathematics)
LockwoodMathews Mansion
Locus (mathematics)
London Mathematical Society
Lottery mathematics
Louis Carr (mathematician)
Louise Hay (mathematician)
Louis-Mathias Auger
Louis-Mathias, Count de Barral



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