TERMS STARTING WITH
TERMS ANYWHERE
Acorn Computers Ltd. "company" A UK computer manufacturer, part of the {Acorn Computer Group} plc. Acorn was founded on 1978-12-05, on a kitchen table in a back room. Their first creation was an electronic slot machine. After the {Acorn System 1}, 2 and 3, Acorn launched the first commercial {microcomputer} - the {ATOM} in March 1980. In April 1981, Acorn won a contract from the {BBC} to provide the {PROTON}. In January 1982 Acorn launched the {BBC Microcomputer} System. At one time, 70% of microcomputers bought for UK schools were BBC Micros. The Acorn Computer Group went public on the Unlisted Securities Market in September 1983. In April 1984 Acorn won the Queen's Award for Technology for the BBC Micro and in September 1985 {Olivetti} took a controlling interest in Acorn. The {Master} 128 Series computers were launched in January 1986 and the BBC {Domesday} System in November 1986. In 1983 Acorn began to design the Acorn RISC Machine (ARM), the first low-cost, high volume {RISC} processor chip (later renamed the {Advanced RISC Machine}). In June 1987 they launched the {Archimedes} range - the first 32-bit {RISC} based {microcomputers} - which sold for under UKP 1000. In February 1989 the R140 was launched. This was the first {Unix} {workstation} under UKP 4000. In May 1989 the A3000 (the new {BBC Microcomputer}) was launched. In 1990 Acorn formed {Advanced RISC Machines} Ltd. (ARM) in partnership with {Apple Computer, Inc.} and {VLSI} to develop the ARM processor. Acorn has continued to develop {RISC} based products. With 1992 revenues of 48.2 million pounds, Acorn Computers was the premier supplier of {Information Technology} products to UK education and had been the leading provider of 32-bit RISC based {personal computers} since 1987. Acorn finally folded in the late 1990s. Their operating system, {RISC OS} was further developed by a consortium of suppliers. {Usenet} newsgroups: {news:comp.sys.acorn}, {news:comp.sys.acorn.announce}, {news:comp.sys.acorn.tech}, {news:comp.binaries.acorn}, {news:comp.sources.acorn}, {news:comp.sys.acorn.advocacy}, {news:comp.sys.acorn.games}. {Acorn's FTP server (ftp://ftp.acorn.co.uk/)}. {HENSA software archive (http://micros.hensa.ac.uk/micros/arch.html)}. {Richard Birkby's Acorn page (http://csv.warwick.ac.uk/~phudv/)}. {RiscMan's Acorn page (http://geko.com.au/riscman/)}. {Acorn On The Net (http://stir.ac.uk/~rhh01/Main.html)}. {"The Jungle" by Simon Truss (http://csc.liv.ac.uk/users/u1smt/u1smt.html)}. [Recent history?] (2000-09-26)
ahura-mazda ::: 'Lord Wisdom', Wise Lord. The supreme God in the ancient Persian monotheistic religious system taught by Zoroaster (Zarathushtra) sometime around 1000 BC. Ahura Mazda is said to be the beginning and the end, the creator of everything which can and cannot be seen, the Eternal, the Pure and the only Truth. Also referred to as Ormuzd. (see also ahriman) (the Farsi term yazdān also refers to God)
Aiken code "data" An alternative form of the {Binary Coded Decimal} (BCD) system for encoding numbers. Where BCD encodes each decimal digit in normal binary, Aiken code uses the encoding shown below. This is supposed to be less prone to corruption. The following table shows the encoding of each decimal digit, D, in BCD and Aiken code: D BCD Aiken 0 0000 0000 1 0001 0001 2 0010 0010 3 0011 0011 4 0100 0100 5 0101 1011 (inverted 4) 6 0110 1100 (inverted 3) 7 0111 1101 (inverted 2) 8 1000 1110 (inverted 1) 9 1001 1111 (inverted 0) The Aiken code was probably designed by {Howard Aiken} in the 1940s or 1950s for use in data transmission. Compare: {Gray code}. [What is it good for and why?] (2007-07-16)
amateur packet radio ::: (communications) (PR) The use of packet radio by amateurs to communicate between computers. PR is a complete amateur radio computer network with digipeaters (relays), mailboxes (BBS) and other special nodes.In Germany, it is on HF, say, 2m (300 and 1200 BPS), 70cm (1200 to 9600 BPS), 23cm (normally 9600 BPS and up, currently most links between digipeaters) and higher frequencies. There is a KW (short wave) Packet Radio at 300 BPS, too.Satellites with OSCAR (Orbiting Sattelite Carring Amateur Radio) transponders (mostly attached to commercial satellites by the AMateur SATellite (AMSAT) group) carry Packet Radio mailboxes or digipeaters.There are both on-line and off-line services on the packet radio network: You can send electronic mail, read bulletins, chat, transfer files, connect to about the hottest international KW connections currently coming up (so you can pile up).PR uses AX.25 (an X.25 derivative) as its transport layer and sometimes even TCP/IP is transmitted over AX.25. AX.25 is like X.25 but the adressing uses HAM calls like DG8MGV.There are special wormholes all over the world which tunnel amateur radio traffic through the Internet to forward mail. Sometimes mails travels over allow HAMs to bridge from Internet to AMPR-NET, e.g. db0fho.ampr.org or db0fho.et-inf.fho-emden.de, but only if you are registered HAM.Because amateur radio is not for profit, it must not be interconnected to the Internet but it may be connected through the Internet. All people on the (completely free) amateur radio net must be licensed radio amateurs and must have a call which is unique all over the world.There is a special domain AMPR.ORG (44.*.*.*) for amateur radio reserved in the IP space. This domain is split between countries, which can further subdivide it. For example 44.130.*.* is Germany, 44.130.58.* is Augsburg (in Bavaria), and 44.130.58.20 is dg8mgv.ampr.org (you may verify this with nslookup).Mail transport is only one aspect of packet radio. You can talk interactively (as in chat), read files, or play silly games built in the Packet Radio 1000 km are unlikely to be useable for real-time communication and long paths can introduce significant delay times (answer latency).Other uses of amateur radio for computer communication include RTTY (baudot), AMTOR, PACTOR, and CLOVER. .Usenet newsgroup: rec.radio.amateur.packet.(2001-05-12)
amateur packet radio "communications" (PR) The use of {packet radio} by amateurs to communicate between computers. PR is a complete amateur radio computer network with "digipeaters" (relays), mailboxes (BBS) and other special nodes. In Germany, it is on HF, say, 2m (300 and 1200 BPS), 70cm (1200 to 9600 BPS), 23cm (normally 9600 BPS and up, currently most links between digipeaters) and higher frequencies. There is a KW (short wave) Packet Radio at 300 BPS, too. Satellites with OSCAR (Orbiting Sattelite Carring Amateur Radio) transponders (mostly attached to commercial satellites by the AMateur SATellite (AMSAT) group) carry Packet Radio mailboxes or {digipeaters}. There are both on-line and off-line services on the packet radio network: You can send {electronic mail}, read bulletins, chat, transfer files, connect to on-line DX-Clusters (DX=far distance) to catch notes typed in by other HAMs about the hottest international KW connections currently coming up (so you can pile up). PR uses {AX.25} (an {X.25} derivative) as its {transport layer} and sometimes even {TCP/IP} is transmitted over AX.25. AX.25 is like X.25 but the adressing uses HAM "calls" like "DG8MGV". There are special "wormholes" all over the world which "tunnel" amateur radio traffic through the {Internet} to forward mail. Sometimes mails travels over satelites. Normally amateur satellites have strange orbits, however the mail forwarding or mailbox satellites have very predictable orbits. Some wormholes allow HAMs to bridge from Internet to {AMPR-NET}, e.g. db0fho.ampr.org or db0fho.et-inf.fho-emden.de, but only if you are registered HAM. Because amateur radio is not for profit, it must not be interconnected to the {Internet} but it may be connected through the Internet. All people on the (completely free) amateur radio net must be licensed radio amateurs and must have a "call" which is unique all over the world. There is a special {domain} AMPR.ORG (44.*.*.*) for amateur radio reserved in the IP space. This domain is split between countries, which can further subdivide it. For example 44.130.*.* is Germany, 44.130.58.* is Augsburg (in Bavaria), and 44.130.58.20 is dg8mgv.ampr.org (you may verify this with {nslookup}). Mail transport is only one aspect of packet radio. You can talk interactively (as in {chat}), read files, or play silly games built in the Packet Radio software. Usually you can use the autorouter to let the digipeater network find a path to the station you want. However there are many (sometimes software incompatible) digipeaters out there, which the router cannot use. Paths over 1000 km are unlikely to be useable for {real-time} communication and long paths can introduce significant delay times (answer latency). Other uses of amateur radio for computer communication include {RTTY} ({baudot}), {AMTOR}, {PACTOR}, and {CLOVER}. {A huge hamradio archive (ftp://ftp.ucsd.edu/hamradio/)}. {Usenet} newsgroup: {news:rec.radio.amateur.packet}. (2001-05-12)
Baudot code "communications" (For etymology, see {baud}) A {character set} predating {EBCDIC} and used originally and primarily on {paper tape}. Use of Baudot reportedly survives in {TDDs} and some HAM radio applications. In Baudot, characters are expressed using five {bits}. Baudot uses two code sub-sets, the "letter set" (LTRS), and the "figure set" (FIGS). The FIGS character (11011) signals that the following code is to be interpreted as being in the FIGS set, until this is reset by the LTRS (11111) character. binary hex LTRS FIGS -------------------------- 00011 03 A - 11001 19 B ? 01110 0E C : 01001 09 D $ 00001 01 E 3 01101 0D F ! 11010 1A G & 10100 14 H
BBN Butterfly ::: (computer) A supercomputer developed at BBN Technologies, named after the butterfly multi-stage switching network around which it was built. It could GP-1000 models used up to 256 Motorola 68020s. The later TC-2000 models used up to 512 Motorola 88100s.Language developed for, or ported to, the BBN Butterfly were Butterfly Common LISP, Butterfly Scheme, Delirium, and MultiScheme. .(2003-11-10)
BBN Butterfly "computer" A {supercomputer} developed at {BBN Technologies}, named after the "butterfly" multi-stage switching network around which it was built. It could have up to 512 {CPUs} connected to allow every CPU access to every other CPU's memory, albeit with about 15 times the latency than for its own. The earlier GP-1000 models used up to 256 {Motorola 68020s}. The later TC-2000 models used up to 512 {Motorola 88100s}. Language developed for, or ported to, the BBN Butterfly were {Butterfly Common LISP}, {Butterfly Scheme}, {Delirium}, and {MultiScheme}. {(http://paralogos.com/DeadSuper/Misc/BBN.html)}. (2003-11-10)
bignum "programming" /big'nuhm/ (Originally from {MIT} {MacLISP}) A {multiple-precision} computer representation for very large integers. Most computer languages provide a type of data called "integer", but such computer integers are usually limited in size; usually they must be smaller than 2^31 (2,147,483,648) or (on a {bitty box}) 2^15 (32,768). If you want to work with numbers larger than that, you have to use {floating-point} numbers, which are usually accurate to only six or seven decimal places. Computer languages that provide bignums can perform exact calculations on very large numbers, such as 1000! (the factorial of 1000, which is 1000 times 999 times 998 times ... times 2 times 1). For example, this value for 1000! was computed by the {MacLISP} system using bignums: 40238726007709377354370243392300398571937486421071 46325437999104299385123986290205920442084869694048 00479988610197196058631666872994808558901323829669 94459099742450408707375991882362772718873251977950 59509952761208749754624970436014182780946464962910 56393887437886487337119181045825783647849977012476 63288983595573543251318532395846307555740911426241 74743493475534286465766116677973966688202912073791 43853719588249808126867838374559731746136085379534 52422158659320192809087829730843139284440328123155 86110369768013573042161687476096758713483120254785 89320767169132448426236131412508780208000261683151 02734182797770478463586817016436502415369139828126 48102130927612448963599287051149649754199093422215 66832572080821333186116811553615836546984046708975 60290095053761647584772842188967964624494516076535 34081989013854424879849599533191017233555566021394 50399736280750137837615307127761926849034352625200 01588853514733161170210396817592151090778801939317 81141945452572238655414610628921879602238389714760 88506276862967146674697562911234082439208160153780 88989396451826324367161676217916890977991190375403 12746222899880051954444142820121873617459926429565 81746628302955570299024324153181617210465832036786 90611726015878352075151628422554026517048330422614 39742869330616908979684825901254583271682264580665 26769958652682272807075781391858178889652208164348 34482599326604336766017699961283186078838615027946 59551311565520360939881806121385586003014356945272 24206344631797460594682573103790084024432438465657 24501440282188525247093519062092902313649327349756 55139587205596542287497740114133469627154228458623 77387538230483865688976461927383814900140767310446 64025989949022222176590433990188601856652648506179 97023561938970178600408118897299183110211712298459 01641921068884387121855646124960798722908519296819 37238864261483965738229112312502418664935314397013 74285319266498753372189406942814341185201580141233 44828015051399694290153483077644569099073152433278 28826986460278986432113908350621709500259738986355 42771967428222487575867657523442202075736305694988 25087968928162753848863396909959826280956121450994 87170124451646126037902930912088908694202851064018 21543994571568059418727489980942547421735824010636 77404595741785160829230135358081840096996372524230 56085590370062427124341690900415369010593398383577 79394109700277534720000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000. [{Jargon File}] (1996-06-27)
bignum ::: (programming) /big'nuhm/ (Originally from MIT MacLISP) A multiple-precision computer representation for very large integers.Most computer languages provide a type of data called integer, but such computer integers are usually limited in size; usually they must be smaller than 2 times 1). For example, this value for 1000! was computed by the MacLISP system using bignums:40238726007709377354370243392300398571937486421071 46325437999104299385123986290205920442084869694048 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000.[Jargon File] (1996-06-27)
binary prefix "unit" (Or "IEC prefix") A prefix used with a {unit} of {data} to mean multiplication by a power of 1024. Binary prefixes are most often used with "{byte}" (e.g. "{kilobyte}") but also with {bit} (e.g. "{megabit}"). For example, the term {kilobyte} has historically been used to mean 1024 {bytes}, and {megabyte} to mean 1,048,576 bytes. The multipliers 1024 and 1,048,576 are powers of 1024, which is itself a power of two (1024 = 2^10). It is this factor of two that gives the name "binary prefix". This is in contrast to a {decimal prefix} denoting a power of 1000, which is itself a power of ten (1000 = 10^3). Decimal prefixes are used in science and engineering and are specified in widely adopted {SI} standards. Note that the actual prefix - kilo or mega - is the same, it is the interpretation that differs. The difference between the two interpretations increases with each multiplication, so while 1000 and 1024 differ by only 2.4%, 1000^6 and 1024^6 differ by 15%. The 1024-based interpretation of prefixes is often still used informally and especially when discussing the storage capacity of {random-access memory}. This has lead to storage device manufacturers being accused of false marketing for using the decimal interpretation where customers might assume the larger, historical, binary interpretation. In an attempt to clarify the distinction, in 1998 the {IEC} specified that kilobyte, megabyte, etc. should only be used for powers of 1000 (following SI). They specified new prefixes for powers of 1024 containing "bi" for "binary": {kibibyte}, {mebibyte}, etc.; an idea originally propsed by {IUPAC}. IEC also specified new abbreviations Ki, Mi, etc. for the new prefixes. Many other standards bodies such as {NIST}, {IEEE} and {BIPM} support this proposal but as of 2013 its use is rare in non-technical circles. Specific units of IEC 60027-2 A.2 and ISO/IEC 80000 IEC prefix Representations Customary prefix Name Symbol Base 2 Base Base 10 Name Symbol 1024 (approx) kibi Ki 2^10 1024^1 1.02x10^3 kilo k, K mebi Mi 2^20 1024^2 1.05x10^6 mega M gibi Gi 2^30 1024^3 1.07x10^9 giga G tebi Ti 2^40 1024^4 1.10x10^12 tera T pebi Pi 2^50 1024^5 1.13x10^15 peta P exbi Ei 2^60 1024^6 1.15x10^18 exa E zebi Zi 2^70 1024^7 1.18x10^21 zetta Z yobi Yi 2^80 1024^8 1.21x10^24 yotta Y (2013-11-04)
Birth-rate - The number of births per 1000 people in the population per year.
bit-paired keyboard "hardware" (Obsolete, or "bit-shift keyboard") A non-standard keyboard layout that seems to have originated with the {Teletype} {ASR-33} and remained common for several years on early computer equipment. The ASR-33 was a mechanical device (see {EOU}), so the only way to generate the character codes from keystrokes was by some physical linkage. The design of the ASR-33 assigned each character key a basic pattern that could be modified by flipping bits if the SHIFT or the CTRL key was pressed. In order to avoid making the thing more of a Rube Goldberg {kluge} than it already was, the design had to group characters that shared the same basic {bit pattern} on one key. Looking at the {ASCII} chart, we find: high low bits bits 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 010 ! "
bit-paired keyboard ::: (hardware) (Obsolete, or bit-shift keyboard) A non-standard keyboard layout that seems to have originated with the Teletype ASR-33 and remained of a Rube Goldberg kluge than it already was, the design had to group characters that shared the same basic bit pattern on one key.Looking at the ASCII chart, we find: high low bitsbits 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 arrangements on IBM's even clunkier 026 and 029 card punches.When electronic terminals became popular, in the early 1970s, there was no agreement in the industry over how the keyboards should be laid out. Some touch-type, there was little pressure from the pioneering users to adapt keyboards to the typewriter standard.The doom of the bit-paired keyboard was the large-scale introduction of the computer terminal into the normal office environment, where out-and-out standard became universal, bit-paired hardware was quickly junked or relegated to dusty corners, and both terms passed into disuse.[Jargon File] (1995-02-20)
bit rate ::: (communications, digital signal processing) (Or bitrate) A data rate expressed in bits per second. This is a similar to baud but the latter is more applicable to channels with more than two states.The common units of bit rate are kilobits per second (Kbps) and megabits per second (Mbps). In data rates, the multipliers k, M, etc. stand for powers of 1000 not powers of 1024.The term is also commonly used when discussing digital sampling and sample rates. For example, the MP3 audio compaction algorithm is often set to ouput CD audio which is encoded at 44100 16-bit stereo samples per second or 1408 kbps.(2003-05-19)
bit rate "communications, digital signal processing" (Or "bitrate") A {data rate} expressed in bits per second. This is a similar to {baud} but the latter is more applicable to channels with more than two states. The common units of bit rate are {kilobits per second} (Kbps) and {megabits per second} (Mbps). In data rates, the multipliers "k", "M", etc. stand for powers of 1000 not powers of 1024. The term is also commonly used when discussing digital {sampling} and {sample rates}. For example, the {MP3} audio {compaction} algorithm is often set to ouput files with a bitrate of 120 kbps. This means that the file contains an average of 120 kilobits for each second of audio (900 KB per minute). This compares with {CD audio} which is encoded at 44100 16-bit stereo samples per second or 1408 kbps. (2003-05-19)
bits per second ::: (communications, unit) (bps, b/s) The unit in which data rate is measured.For example, a modem's data rate is usually measured in kilobits per second. In 1996, the maximum modem speed for use on the PSTN was 33.6 kbps, rising to 56 kbps in 1997.Note that kilo- (k), mega- (M), etc. in data rates denote powers of 1000, not 1024.(2002-03-23)
bits per second "communications, unit" (bps, b/s) The unit in which {data rate} is measured. For example, a {modem}'s data rate is usually measured in {kilobits} per second. In 1996, the maximum modem speed for use on the {PSTN} was 33.6 kbps, rising to 56 kbps in 1997. Note that kilo- (k), mega- (M), etc. in data rates denote powers of 1000, not 1024. (2002-03-23)
Bond - 1. a written promise by a company, government, or other institution to pay the face amount at the maturity date. Periodic interest payments are usually required. Bonds are typically stated in $1000 denominations. Bonds may be secured by collateral or unsecured (debenture). A registered bond has the class="d-title" name of the owner on the issuer's records, whereas the holder of a bearer bond presents coupons for interest payments. Sinking fund bonds require the company to make annual deposits to a trustee. At maturity, the amount in the sinking fund (principal plus interest) is sufficient to pay the face of the bond. From the company's perspective, a bond issue has several advantages over a stock issue. Interest expense is tax deductible, whereas dividend payments are not. During inflation, debt is paid back in cheaper dollars. When bonds are issued at face value, the entry is to debit cash and credit bonds payable. When bonds are issued at a discount, such as with zero-coupon bonds, the entry is to debit cash and bond discount and credit bonds payable. The entry to record the interest each period is to debit interest expense and credit cash. Or 2. the cash or property given to assure performance (i.e., contractor depositing a performance bond on a construction project to be completed by a specified date). Or 3. type of insurance compensating employer for employee dishonesty.
Borland Software Corporation ::: (company) A company that sells a variety of PC software development and database systems. Borland was founded in 1983 and initially became famous for their low-cost software, particularly Turbo Pascal, Turbo C, and Turbo Prolog.Current and past products include the Borland C++ C++ and C developement environment, the Paradox and dBASE databases, Delphi, JBuilder, and InterBase.Borland has approximately 1000 employees worldwide and has operations in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.Borland sold Quattro Pro to Novell in 1994 for $100M. Novell later sold the product to Corel Corporation, who also bought Paradox. dBASE was sold in March(?) 1999 to dBase Inc.In Febuary 1998 Borland bought Visigenic Software, Inc..The company changed its name to Inprise Corporation on 1998-04-29 and then on 2000-11-14 they announced they were changing it back to Borland from the first quarter of 2001.Quarterly sales $69M, profits $61M (Aug 1994). $56M, $6.4M (July 2001) .Headquarters: 100 Borland Way, Scotts Valley, CA, 95066, USA. Telephone: +1 (408) 431 1000.(2002-03-16)
Borland Software Corporation "company" A company that sells a variety of {PC} software development and {database} systems. Borland was founded in 1983 and initially became famous for their low-cost software, particularly {Turbo Pascal}, {Turbo C}, and {Turbo Prolog}. Current and past products include the {Borland C++} C++ and C developement environment, the {Paradox} and {dBASE} {databases}, {Delphi}, {JBuilder}, and {InterBase}. Borland has approximately 1000 employees worldwide and has operations in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. Borland sold {Quattro} Pro to {Novell} in 1994 for $100M. Novell later sold the product to {Corel Corporation}, who also bought {Paradox}. dBASE was sold in March(?) 1999 to {dBase Inc.} In Febuary 1998 Borland bought {Visigenic Software, Inc.}. The company changed its name to Inprise Corporation on 1998-04-29 and then on 2000-11-14 they announced they were changing it back to Borland from the first quarter of 2001. Quarterly sales $69M, profits $61M (Aug 1994). $56M, $6.4M (July 2001) {(http://borland.com/)}. Headquarters: 100 Borland Way, Scotts Valley, CA, 95066, USA. Telephone: +1 (408) 431 1000. (2002-03-16)
brontobyte "unit, data" A proposed unit of {data} equal to 10^27 {bytes}. A brontobyte is 1000^9 bytes or 1000 {yottabytes}. "Bronto-" is not an official prefix and the term brontobyte is generally attributed to the IBM Dictionary of Computing. One brontobyte would be enough data to store a three-dimensional map of the Earth with one byte for each {voxel} of a one-centimetre grid. See {prefix}. [Where did IBM get it from?] (2013-11-04)
brute force ::: (programming) A primitive programming style in which the programmer relies on the computer's processing power instead of using his own intelligence heavy-handed, tedious way, full of repetition and devoid of any elegance or useful abstraction (see also brute force and ignorance).The canonical example of a brute-force algorithm is associated with the travelling salesman problem (TSP), a classical NP-hard problem:Suppose a person is in, say, Boston, and wishes to drive to N other cities. In what order should the cities be visited in order to minimise the distance travelled?The brute-force method is to simply generate all possible routes and compare the distances; while guaranteed to work and simple to implement, this algorithm is consider, and for N = 1000 - well, see bignum). Sometimes, unfortunately, there is no better general solution than brute force. See also NP-complete.A more simple-minded example of brute-force programming is finding the smallest number in a large list by first using an existing program to sort the list in ascending order, and then picking the first number off the front.Whether brute-force programming should actually be considered stupid or not depends on the context; if the problem is not terribly big, the extra CPU time algorithm may imply more long-term complexity cost and bug-chasing than are justified by the speed improvement.When applied to cryptography, it is usually known as brute force attack.Ken Thompson, co-inventor of Unix, is reported to have uttered the epigram When in doubt, use brute force. He probably intended this as a ha ha only serious, cleverness is often a difficult one that requires both engineering savvy and delicate aesthetic judgment.[Jargon File] (1995-02-14)
brute force "programming" A primitive programming style in which the programmer relies on the computer's processing power instead of using his own intelligence to simplify the problem, often ignoring problems of scale and applying naive methods suited to small problems directly to large ones. The term can also be used in reference to programming style: brute-force programs are written in a heavy-handed, tedious way, full of repetition and devoid of any elegance or useful abstraction (see also {brute force and ignorance}). The {canonical} example of a brute-force algorithm is associated with the "{travelling salesman problem}" (TSP), a classical {NP-hard} problem: Suppose a person is in, say, Boston, and wishes to drive to N other cities. In what order should the cities be visited in order to minimise the distance travelled? The brute-force method is to simply generate all possible routes and compare the distances; while guaranteed to work and simple to implement, this algorithm is clearly very stupid in that it considers even obviously absurd routes (like going from Boston to Houston via San Francisco and New York, in that order). For very small N it works well, but it rapidly becomes absurdly inefficient when N increases (for N = 15, there are already 1,307,674,368,000 possible routes to consider, and for N = 1000 - well, see {bignum}). Sometimes, unfortunately, there is no better general solution than brute force. See also {NP-complete}. A more simple-minded example of brute-force programming is finding the smallest number in a large list by first using an existing program to sort the list in ascending order, and then picking the first number off the front. Whether brute-force programming should actually be considered stupid or not depends on the context; if the problem is not terribly big, the extra CPU time spent on a brute-force solution may cost less than the programmer time it would take to develop a more "intelligent" algorithm. Additionally, a more intelligent algorithm may imply more long-term complexity cost and bug-chasing than are justified by the speed improvement. When applied to {cryptography}, it is usually known as {brute force attack}. {Ken Thompson}, co-inventor of {Unix}, is reported to have uttered the epigram "When in doubt, use brute force". He probably intended this as a {ha ha only serious}, but the original {Unix} {kernel}'s preference for simple, robust and portable {algorithms} over {brittle} "smart" ones does seem to have been a significant factor in the success of that {operating system}. Like so many other tradeoffs in software design, the choice between brute force and complex, finely-tuned cleverness is often a difficult one that requires both engineering savvy and delicate aesthetic judgment. [{Jargon File}] (1995-02-14)
bus network "networking" A {network topology} in which all {nodes} are connected to a single wire or set of wires (the bus). Bus networks typically use {CSMA/CD} techniques to determine which node should transmit data at any given time. Some {networks} are implemented as a {bus}, e.g. {Ethernet} - a one-bit bus operating at 10, 100, 1000 or 10,000 {megabits per second}. Originally Ethernet was a {physical layer} bus consisting of a wire (with {terminators} at each end) to which each node was attached. {Switched Ethernet}, while no longer physically a bus still acts as one at the logical layers.
called Zoroaster by the Greeks, who founded a monotheistic religion, probably sometime around 1000 BC. The Zoroastrian religion prevailed across the Persian empire until the empire was conquered by the Arabs who brought the religion of Islam. (see also Ahura Mazda above) (in some texts as Zarathustra)
Cellular Neural Network ::: (architecture) (CNN) The CNN Universal Machine is a low cost, low power, extremely high speed supercomputer on a chip. It is at least 1000 times faster computer. Because the entire computer is integrated into a chip, no signal leaves the chip until the image processing task is completed.Although the CNN universal chip is based on analogue and logic operating principles, it has an on-chip analog-to-digital input-output interface so that user-friendly CNN high-level language, like the C language, have been developed which makes it easy to implement any image processing algorithm.[Professor Leon Chua, University of California at Berkeley]. (1995-04-27)
Cellular Neural Network "architecture" (CNN) The CNN Universal Machine is a low cost, low power, extremely high speed {supercomputer} on a chip. It is at least 1000 times faster than equivalent {DSP} solutions of many complex {image processing} tasks. It is a stored program supercomputer where a complex sequence of image processing {algorithms} is programmed and downloaded into the chip, just like any digital computer. Because the entire computer is integrated into a chip, no signal leaves the chip until the image processing task is completed. Although the CNN universal chip is based on analogue and logic operating principles, it has an on-chip analog-to-digital input-output interface so that at the system design and application perspective, it can be used as a digital component, just like a DSP. In particular, a development system is available for rapid design and prototyping. Moreover, a {compiler}, an {operating system}, and a {user-friendly} CNN {high-level language}, like the {C} language, have been developed which makes it easy to implement any image processing algorithm. [Professor Leon Chua, University of California at Berkeley]. (1995-04-27)
Chiliastic ::: From the Greek for “1000.” Pertaining to the (Christian) belief that Jesus will reign for a thousand years in the end-times; also called millenarian (from the Latin).
Commodore 65 "computer" (Or Commodore 64DX, C65, C64DX) The last 8-bit computer designed by {Commodore Business Machines}, about 1989-1991. The C65 boasts an {ugly} collection of {custom} {integrated circuits} which makes even the {Amiga} hardware look standard. The core of the C65 {chipset} is the {CSG 4510} and {CSG 4569}. The 4510 is a {65CE02} with two {6526} {CIAs}. The 4569 is equivalent to a combination of the {6569} VIC-II and the {MMU} of the {Commodore 64}. The C65 also has a {DMA controller} (Commodore's purpose built {DMAgic}) which also functions as a simple {blitter}, and a {floppy controller} for the internal {Commodore 1581}-like disk drive. The floppy controller, known as the {F011}, supports seven drives (though the {DOS} only supports 2). The {4510} supports all the {C64} {video modes}, plus an 80 column text mode, and {bitplane} modes. The bitplane modes can use up to eight bitplanes, and {resolutions} of up to 1280 x 400. The {palette} is 12-bit like the {Amiga 500}. It also has two SID's (MOS 8580/6581) for stereo audio. The C65 has two busses, D and E, with 64 {kilobytes} of {RAM} on each. The VIC-III can access the D-bus while the CPU accesses the E-bus, and then they can swap around. This effectively makes the whole 8MB {address space} both {chip ram} and {fast ram}. {RAM} expansion is accomplished through a {trap door} slot in the bottom which uses a {grock} of a connector. The C65 has a {C128}-like native mode, where all of the new features are enabled, and the CPU runs at 3.5 megahertz with its {pipeline} enabled. It also has a C64 {incompatibility mode} which offers approx 50-80% compatibility with C64 software by turning off all its {bells and whistles}. The {bells and whistles} can still be accessed from the C64 mode, which is dissimilar to the C128's inescapable C64 mode. Production of the C65 was dropped only a few weeks before it moved from the Alpha stage, possibly due to Commodore's cash shortage. Commodore estimate that "between 50 and 10000" exist. There are at least three in Australia, about 30 in Germany and "some" in the USA and Canada. (1996-04-07)
Commodore 65 ::: (computer) (Or Commodore 64DX, C65, C64DX) The last 8-bit computer designed by Commodore Business Machines, about 1989-1991. The C65 boasts an ugly collection of custom integrated circuits which makes even the Amiga hardware look standard.The core of the C65 chipset is the CSG 4510 and CSG 4569. The 4510 is a 65CE02 with two 6526 CIAs. The 4569 is equivalent to a combination of the 6569 VIC-II resolutions of up to 1280 x 400. The palette is 12-bit like the Amiga 500. It also has two SID's (MOS 8580/6581) for stereo audio.The C65 has two busses, D and E, with 64 kilobytes of RAM on each. The VIC-III can access the D-bus while the CPU accesses the E-bus, and then they can swap whistles. The bells and whistles can still be accessed from the C64 mode, which is dissimilar to the C128's inescapable C64 mode.Production of the C65 was dropped only a few weeks before it moved from the Alpha stage, possibly due to Commodore's cash shortage. Commodore estimate that between 50 and 10000 exist. There are at least three in Australia, about 30 in Germany and some in the USA and Canada. (1996-04-07)
Compound interest - Apply interest on the capital plus all interest accrued to date. Eg. A loan with an annually applied rate of 10% for 1000 over two years would yield a gross total of 1210 at the end of the period (year 1 interest=100, year two interest=110). The same loan with simple interest applied would yield 1200 (interest on both years is 100 per year).
Crude birth rate - The number of births in a y one thousand population e.g. 30 per 1000, the as a 3% birth rate.
Crude death rate - The number of deaths in a year per one thousand population e.g. 10 per 1000, the same as a 1 % death rate.
cyclic redundancy check "algorithm" (CRC or "cyclic redundancy code") A number derived from, and stored or transmitted with, a block of data in order to detect corruption. By recalculating the CRC and comparing it to the value originally transmitted, the receiver can detect some types of transmission errors. A CRC is more complicated than a {checksum}. It is calculated using division either using {shifts} and {exclusive ORs} or {table lookup} ({modulo} 256 or 65536). The CRC is "redundant" in that it adds no information. A single corrupted {bit} in the data will result in a one bit change in the calculated CRC but multiple corrupted bits may cancel each other out. CRCs treat blocks of input bits as coefficient-sets for {polynomials}. E.g., binary 10100000 implies the polynomial: 1*x^7 + 0*x^6 + 1*x^5 + 0*x^4 + 0*x^3 + 0*x^2 + 0*x^1 + 0*x^0. This is the "message polynomial". A second polynomial, with constant coefficients, is called the "generator polynomial". This is divided into the message polynomial, giving a quotient and remainder. The coefficients of the remainder form the bits of the final CRC. So, an order-33 generator polynomial is necessary to generate a 32-bit CRC. The exact bit-set used for the generator polynomial will naturally affect the CRC that is computed. Most CRC implementations seem to operate 8 bits at a time by building a table of 256 entries, representing all 256 possible 8-bit byte combinations, and determining the effect that each byte will have. CRCs are then computed using an input byte to select a 16- or 32-bit value from the table. This value is then used to update the CRC. {Ethernet} {packets} have a 32-bit CRC. Many disk formats include a CRC at some level. (1997-08-02)
cyclic redundancy check ::: (algorithm) (CRC or cyclic redundancy code) A number derived from, and stored or transmitted with, a block of data in order to detect corruption. By recalculating the CRC and comparing it to the value originally transmitted, the receiver can detect some types of transmission errors.A CRC is more complicated than a checksum. It is calculated using division either using shifts and exclusive ORs or table lookup (modulo 256 or 65536).The CRC is redundant in that it adds no information. A single corrupted bit in the data will result in a one bit change in the calculated CRC but multiple corrupted bits may cancel each other out.CRCs treat blocks of input bits as coefficient-sets for polynomials. E.g., binary 10100000 implies the polynomial: 1*x^7 + 0*x^6 + 1*x^5 + 0*x^4 + 0*x^3 + used for the generator polynomial will naturally affect the CRC that is computed.Most CRC implementations seem to operate 8 bits at a time by building a table of 256 entries, representing all 256 possible 8-bit byte combinations, and input byte to select a 16- or 32-bit value from the table. This value is then used to update the CRC.Ethernet packets have a 32-bit CRC. Many disk formats include a CRC at some level. (1997-08-02)
data rate ::: (communications, unit) (Or data ransfer rate, transmission rate) The amount of data transferred per second by a communications channel or a computing or storage device.Data rate is measured in units of bits per second (written b/s or bps), bytes per second (Bps), or baud.When applied to data rate, the multiplier prefixes kilo-, mega-, giga-, etc. (and their abbreviations, k, M, G, etc.) always denote powers of 1000. For example, 64 kbps is 64,000 bits per second. This contrasts with units of storage where they stand for powers of 1024, e.g. 1 KB = 1024 bytes.[Relationship with bandwidth?](2002-03-23)
data transfer rate "communications" (Or "throughput, data rate", "transmission rate") The amount of {data} transferred in one direction over a link divided by the time taken to transfer it, usually expressed in bits per second (bps), bytes per second (Bps) or {baud}. The link may be anything from an interface to a {hard disk} to a radio transmission from a satellite. Where data transfer is not continuous throughout the given time interval, the data transfer rate is thus an average rate that will be lower than the peak rate. The peak or maximum possible rate may itself be lower than the {capacity} of the communication channel if the channel is shared, or part of the signal is not considered as data, e.g. {checksum} or {routing} information. When applied to data rate, the multiplier {prefixes} "kilo-", "mega-", "giga-", etc. (and their abbreviations, "k", "M", "G", etc.) always denote powers of 1000. For example, 64 kbps is 64,000 bits per second. This contrasts with units of {storage} where they stand for powers of 1024, e.g. 1 KB = 1024 bytes. The other important characteristic of a channel is its {latency}. The {bandwidth} of a channel determines the data transfer rate but is a different characteristic, measured in {Hertz}. [Relationship?] (2008-02-08)
D-1000 "computer" {Datamatic Corporation}'s first computer, which weighed 25 tons, took up 6,000 square feet and cost $1.5 million, produced some time after 1955. (2009-01-14)
Death-rate - The number of deaths per 1000 people in the population per year.
Demon Internet Ltd. "company" One of the first company to provide public {Internet} access in the UK. The staff of Demon Systems Ltd., an established software house, started Demon Internet on 1992-06-01 and it was the first system in the United Kingdom to offer low cost full {Internet} access. It was started with the support of about 100 founder members who discussed the idea on {Compulink Information Exchange}, and were brave enough to pay a year's subscription in advance. They aimed to have 200 members in the first year to cover costs, ignoring any time spent. After about two weeks they realised they needed nearer 400. By November 1993 they had over 2000 subscribers and by August 1994 they had about 11000 with 20% per month growth. All revenues have been reinvested in resources and expansion of service. Demon link to {Sprintlink} in the United States making them totally independent. They peer with {EUNet} and {PIPEX} to ensure good connectivity in Great Britain as well as having links to the {JANET}/{JIPS} UK academic network. A direct line into the {Department of Computing, Imperial College, London (http://sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk)} from their Central London {Point of Presence} (PoP) (styx.demon.co.uk) gives access to the biggest {FTP} and {Archie} site in Europe. Demon provide local call access to a large proportion of the UK. The central London {PoP} provides {leased line} connections at a cheaper rate for those customers in the central 0171 area. Further lines and {PoPs} are being added continuously. Subscribers get allocated an {Internet Address} and can choose a {hostname} within the demon.co.uk {domain}. They can have any number of e-mail address at that host. In October 1994 Demon confirmed a large contract with the major telecommunications provider {Energis}. They will supply guaranteed bandwidth to Demon's 10Mb/s {backbone} from several cities and towns. Several {PoPs} will be phased out and replaced with others during 1995. E-mail: "internet@demon.net". {(ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/)}. {(http://demon.co.uk/)}. {Usenet} newsgroup: {news:demon.announce}. Telephone: +44 (181) 349 0063. Address: Demon Internet Ltd., 42 Hendon Lane, Finchley, London N3 1TT, UK. (1994-11-08)
Direct Inward Dialing "communications" (DID) A service offered by telephone companies which allows the last 3 or 4 digits of a phone number to be transmitted to the destination {exchange}. For example, a company could have 10 incoming lines, all with the number 234 000. If a caller dials 234 697, the call is sent to 234 000 (the company's exchange), and the digits 697 are transmitted. The company's exchange then routes the call to extension 697. This gives the impression of 1000 direct dial lines, whereas in fact there are only 10. Obviously, only 10 at a time can be used. This system is also used by {fax servers}. Instead of an exchange at the end of the 234 000 line, a computer running fax server software and {fax modem} cards uses the last three digits to identify the recipient of the fax. This allows 1000 people to have their own individual fax numbers, even though there is only one 'fax machine'. {Dictionary of PC Hardware and Data Communications Terms (http://ora.com/reference/dictionary/terms/D/Direct_Inward_Dialing.htm)}. (1997-06-29)
Direct Inward Dialing ::: (communications) (DID) A service offered by telephone companies which allows the last 3 or 4 digits of a phone number to be transmitted to the destination exchange.For example, a company could have 10 incoming lines, all with the number 234 000. If a caller dials 234 697, the call is sent to 234 000 (the company's lines, whereas in fact there are only 10. Obviously, only 10 at a time can be used.This system is also used by fax servers. Instead of an exchange at the end of the 234 000 line, a computer running fax server software and fax modem cards 1000 people to have their own individual fax numbers, even though there is only one 'fax machine'. . (1997-06-29)
Douglas Engelbart "person" Douglas C. Engelbart, the inventor of the {mouse}. On 1968-12-09, Douglas C. Engelbart and the group of 17 researchers working with him in the {Augmentation Research Center} at {Stanford Research Institute} in Menlo Park, California, USA, presented a 90-minute live public demonstration of the on live system, {NLS}, they had been working on since 1962. The presentation was a session in the of the Fall Joint Computer Conference held at the Convention Center in San Francisco, and it was attended by about 1000 computer professionals. This was the public debut of the computer {mouse}, {hypertext}, object addressing, dynamic file linking and shared-screen collaboration involving two persons at different sites communicating over a network with audio and video interface. The original 90-minute video: {Hyperlinks (http://vodreal.stanford.edu/engel/08engel200.ram)}, {Mouse (http://vodreal.stanford.edu/engel/12engel200.ram)}, {Web-board (http://vodreal.stanford.edu/engel/23engel200.ram)}. {Biography (http://www2.bootstrap.org/dce-bio.htm)}. {Tia O'Brien, "The Mouse", Silicon Valley News (http://mercurycenter.com/svtech/news/special/engelbart/)}. {(http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa081898.htm)}. (2003-08-06)
DS1 ::: (communications) A DS level and framing specification for synchronous digital streams, over circuits in the North American digital transmission hierarchy, at the T1 transmission rate of 1,544,000 bits per second (baud).DS1 is commonly used to multiplex 24 DS0 channels. Each DS0 channel, originally a digitised voice-grade telephone signal, carries 8000 bytes per second (64,000 and adds one framing bit, making a total of 193 bits per frame at 8000 frames per second. The result is 193*8000 = 1,544,000 bits per second.In the original standard, the successive framing bits continuously repeated the 12-bit sequence 110111001000, and such a 12-frame unit is called a super-frame. the 24 streams was used for signaling between network equipments. This is called robbed-bit signaling.To promote error-free transmission, an alternative called the extended super-frame (ESF) of 24 frames was developed. In this standard, six of the 24 idle and ringing. DS1 signals using ESF equipment are nearly error-free, because the CRC detects errors and allows automatic re-routing of connections.Compare T-carrier systems.[Kenneth Sherman, Data Communications : a user's guide, third edition (1990), Reston/Prentice-Hall/Simon & Schuster]. (1996-03-30)
DS1 "communications" A {DS level} and {framing specification} for synchronous digital streams, over circuits in the North American {digital transmission hierarchy}, at the {T1} transmission rate of 1,544,000 bits per second ({baud}). DS1 is commonly used to multiplex 24 {DS0} channels. Each DS0 channel, originally a digitised voice-grade telephone signal, carries 8000 bytes per second (64,000 bits per second). A DS1 frame includes one byte from each of the 24 DS0 channels and adds one {framing bit}, making a total of 193 bits per frame at 8000 frames per second. The result is 193*8000 = 1,544,000 bits per second. In the original standard, the successive framing bits continuously repeated the 12-bit sequence 110111001000, and such a 12-frame unit is called a super-frame. In voice telephony, errors are acceptable (early standards allowed as much as one frame in six to be missing entirely), so the least significant bit in two of the 24 streams was used for signaling between network equipments. This is called {robbed-bit signaling}. To promote error-free transmission, an alternative called the extended super-frame (ESF) of 24 frames was developed. In this standard, six of the 24 framing bits provide a six bit {cyclic redundancy check} (CRC-6), and six provide the actual framing. The other 12 form a virtual circuit of 4000 bits per second for use by the transmission equipment, for {call progress signals} such as busy, idle and ringing. DS1 signals using ESF equipment are nearly error-free, because the CRC detects errors and allows automatic re-routing of connections. Compare {T-carrier systems}. [Kenneth Sherman, "Data Communications : a user's guide", third edition (1990), Reston/Prentice-Hall/Simon & Schuster]. (1996-03-30)
DS level "communications" (Digital Signal or Data Service level) Originally an {AT&T} classification of transmitting one or more voice conversations in one digital data stream. The best known DS levels are {DS0} (a single conversation), {DS1} (24 conversations multiplexed), {DS1C}, {DS2}, and {DS3}. By extension, the DS level can refer to the raw data rate necessary for transmission: DS0 64 Kb/s DS1 1.544 Mb/s DS1C 3.15 Mb/s DS2 6.31 Mb/s DS3 44.736 Mb/s DS4 274.1 Mb/s (where K and M signify multiplication by 1000 and 1000000, rather than powers of two). In this sense it can be used to measure of data service rates classifying the user access rates for various point-to-point {WAN} technologies or standards (e.g. {X.25}, {SMDS}, {ISDN}, {ATM}, {PDH}). Japan uses the US standards for DS0 through DS2 but Japanese DS5 has roughly the circuit capacity of US DS4, while the European standards are rather different (see {E1}). In the US all of the transmission rates are integral multiples of 8000 bits per second but rates above DS1 are not necessarily integral multiples of 1,544 kb/s. (1998-05-18)
d ::: --> The nominal of the second tone in the model major scale (that in C), or of the fourth tone in the relative minor scale of C (that in A minor), or of the key tone in the relative minor of F.
As a numeral D stands for 500. in this use it is not the initial of any word, or even strictly a letter, but one half of the sign / (or / ) the original Tuscan numeral for 1000.
Edda(s) (Icelandic) [from edda great grandmother] Matrix of the mythic wisdom of the ancient Norse peoples, the Edda consists of two main parts: the poetic or Elder Edda, which was written down by Saemund the Wise in Iceland after the ancient oral traditions of the skalds, about 1000 AD, a version known as the Codex Regius.
entropy "theory" A measure of the disorder of a system. Systems tend to go from a state of order (low entropy) to a state of maximum disorder (high entropy). The entropy of a system is related to the amount of {information} it contains. A highly ordered system can be described using fewer {bits} of information than a disordered one. For example, a string containing one million "0"s can be described using {run-length encoding} as [("0", 1000000)] whereas a string of random symbols (e.g. bits, or characters) will be much harder, if not impossible, to compress in this way. {Shannon}'s formula gives the entropy H(M) of a message M in bits: H(M) = -log2 p(M) Where p(M) is the probability of message M. (1998-11-23)
Equivalent unit of production (EPU) - Number of fully completed units considered to b equivalent to a greater number of partially completed units i.e. if 1000 units are all 60% complete, then 600 whole units could be considered to be equivalently completed.
Euclid's Algorithm ::: (algorithm) (Or Euclidean Algorithm) An algorithm for finding the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two numbers. It relies on the identity gcd(a, b) = gcd(a-b, b) 96, 36 -> 60, 36 -> 24, 36 -> 24, 12 -> 12, 12 so the GCD of 132 and 168 is 12.This algorithm requires only subtraction and comparison operations but can take a number of steps proportional to the difference between the initial numbers (e.g. gcd(1, 1001) will take 1000 steps). (1997-06-30)
Euclid's Algorithm "algorithm" (Or "Euclidean Algorithm") An {algorithm} for finding the {greatest common divisor} (GCD) of two numbers. It relies on the identity gcd(a, b) = gcd(a-b, b) To find the GCD of two numbers by this algorithm, repeatedly replace the larger by subtracting the smaller from it until the two numbers are equal. E.g. 132, 168 -" 132, 36 -" 96, 36 -" 60, 36 -" 24, 36 -" 24, 12 -" 12, 12 so the GCD of 132 and 168 is 12. This algorithm requires only subtraction and comparison operations but can take a number of steps proportional to the difference between the initial numbers (e.g. gcd(1, 1001) will take 1000 steps). (1997-06-30)
exabyte "unit, data" (EB) A unit of {data} equal to 10^18 {bytes} but see {binary prefix} for other definitions. An exabyte is exactly 1000^6 bytes or 1000 {petabytes}. 1000 exabytes are one {zettabyte}. See {prefix}. (2013-11-04)
filter promotion "algorithm" In a {generate and test} algorithm, combining part of the filter with the generator in order to reduce the number of potential solutions generated. A trivial example: filter (" 100) [1..1000] ==" [1..99] where [1..n] generates the list of integers from 1 to n. Here the filter has been combined completely with the generator. This is an example of {fusion}. (2005-03-18)
filter promotion ::: (algorithm) In a generate and test algorithm, combining part of the filter with the generator in order to reduce the number of potential solutions generated. A trivial example: filter ( 100) [1..1000] ==> [1..99] has been combined completely with the generator. This is an example of fusion.(2005-03-18)
firlot ::: n. --> A dry measure formerly used in Scotland; the fourth part of a boll of grain or meal. The Linlithgow wheat firlot was to the imperial bushel as 998 to 1000; the barley firlot as 1456 to 1000.
Flash Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory "storage" (FEPROM, "flash memory") A kind of {non-volatile storage} device similar to {EEPROM}, but where erasing can only be done in blocks or the entire chip. In 1995 this relatively new technology started to replace {EPROMs} because reprogramming could be done with the chip installed. At that time FEPROMs could be rewritten about 1000 times. Like {EAPROM} and ferro-magnetic material, FEPROMs rely on {FN tunnelling}. Some flash memory supports block erase. (1995-04-22)
Flash Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory ::: (storage) (FEPROM, flash memory) A kind of non-volatile storage device similar to EEPROM, but where erasing can only be done in blocks or the entire chip.In 1995 this relatively new technology started to replace EPROMs because reprogramming could be done with the chip installed. At that time FEPROMs could be rewritten about 1000 times.Like EAPROM and ferro-magnetic material, FEPROMs rely on FN tunnelling. Some flash memory supports block erase. (1995-04-22)
Gauss ::: 1. (person) Carl Friedrich Gauss.2. (statistics) Gaussian distribution.See normal distribution.3. (unit) The unit of magnetic field strength. 1 gauss = 1 Maxwell / cm^2.A good loudspeaker coil magnet flux density is of the order of 10000 gauss.4. (language) A powerful matrix programming language by Aptech Systems. Gauss is very popular with econometricians. .(2003-10-25)
Gauss 1. "person" {Carl Friedrich Gauss}. 2. "statistics" Gaussian distribution. See {normal distribution}. 3. "unit" The unit of magnetic field strength. 1 gauss = 1 Maxwell / cm^2. A good loudspeaker coil magnet flux density is of the order of 10000 gauss. 4. "language" A powerful {matrix} programming language by {Aptech Systems}. Gauss is very popular with econometricians. {(http://rhkoning.xs4all.nl/gauss/index.htm)}. (2003-10-25)
gigabyte "unit, data" (GB or colloquially "gig") A unit of {data} equal to one billion {bytes} but see {binary prefix} for other definitions. A gigabyte is 1000^3 {bytes} or 1000 {megabytes}. A human gene sequence (including all the redundant codons) contains about 1.5 gigabytes of data. 1000 gigabytes are one {terabyte}. See {prefix}. {Human genome data content (http://bitesizebio.com/articles/how-much-information-is-stored-in-the-human-genome/)}. (2013-11-03)
gilley "humour" ({Usenet}) The unit of analogical bogosity. According to its originator, the standard for one gilley was "the act of bogotoficiously comparing the shutting down of 1000 machines for a day with the killing of one person". The milligilley has been found to suffice for most normal conversational exchanges. (1995-03-17)
GNU BC ::: A GNU version of BC which is self-contained and internally executes its own compiled code rather than acting as a front-end to DC like the standard Unix bc.Version 1.02parser (yacc), interpreter, BC math libraryPhilip A. Nelson FTP bc-1.02.tar.Z from a GNU archive site.requires: vsprintf and vfprintf routinesports: Unix (BSD, System V, MINIX, POSIX) Superset of POSIX BC (P10003.2/D11), with a POSIX-only mode.
GNU BC A {GNU} version of {BC} which is self-contained and internally executes its own compiled code rather than acting as a {front-end} to {DC} like the standard {Unix} bc. Version 1.02 parser (yacc), interpreter, BC math library Philip A. Nelson "phil@cs.wwu.edu" FTP bc-1.02.tar.Z from a {GNU archive site}. requires: vsprintf and vfprintf routines ports: Unix (BSD, System V, MINIX, POSIX) Superset of POSIX BC (P10003.2/D11), with a POSIX-only mode.
gter ma. (terma). In Tibetan, "hidden treasures" or "treasure text," a source of Tibetan Buddhist and BON sacred objects, including a wide range of manuscripts, relics, statuary, and ritual implements from earlier periods. Such treasure texts have been found in caves, mountains, lakes, valleys, or sequestered away in monasteries, sometimes within a pillar. Whether gter ma are BUDDHAVACANA, i.e., authentic words of the Buddha (or a buddha) or whether they are APOCRYPHA, is contested. In the RNYING MA canon, a division is made between gter ma and BKA' MA, the latter made up of commonly authenticated canonical works. Some gter ma are authentic (although proper criteria for authenticity is a subject of debate in both traditional and modern sources), and some are clearly forgeries and fabricated antiquities. Gter ma are of three types: sa gter ("earth treasure"), dgongs gter ("mind treasure"), and dag snang ("pure vision"). Those physically discovered in caves and so on are sa gter; they may be revealed in a public gathering (khrom gter) or found privately (gsang gter) and then shown to others; they may be accompanied by a prophecy (lung bstan; gter lung; see VYĀKARAnA) of the discovery, made at the time of concealment; the gter ma may have a guardian (gter srung), and the revealer (GTER STON) is often assisted by a dĀKINĪ. Dgongs gter are discovered in the mindstream of the revealer, placed there as seeds to be found, coming from an earlier lifetime, often as a direct disciple of PADMASAMBHAVA. Dag snang are discovered by the revealer through the power of the innate purity of the mind. Gter ma are associated most closely with the RNYING MA sect, although not exclusively so. The basic account of gter ma, in which myth and historical fact are interwoven, relates that prior to the persecution of Buddhism by GLANG DAR MA (reigned c. 838-842), PADMASAMBHAVA hid many teachings, often dictated to YE SHES MTSHO RGYAL, as treasures to be discovered in later times in order to ensure the continuation of the doctrine and to provide appropriate teachings for future generations. The first Tibetan gter ma appear sometime after the start of the second dispensation (PHYI DAR), c. 1000, with the rise of the new (GSAR MA) sects of BKA' GDAMS, SA SKYA, and BKA' BRGYUD, who in many cases call into question the authenticity of earlier Tibetan practices and translations. Gter ma became more common in the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries. Prominent among the revealers is PADMA LAS 'BREL RTSAL, a shadowy figure who revealed the RDZOGS CHEN SNYING THIG that KLONG CHEN RAB 'BYAMS PA then systematized into the definitive RDZOGS CHEN teachings. Klong chen pa's scholarly presentation was again made more accessible through a series of gter ma (called the KLONG CHEN SNYING THIG) discovered by 'JIGS MED GLING PA. These are the basis of the rdzogs chen teachings as they are commonly found today in most branches of the Rnying ma sect. According to traditional accounts, Padmasambhava taught a system of meditation called the MKHA' 'GRO SNYING THIG ("Heart Essence of the dākinī") to PADMA GSAL, the daughter of king KHRI SRONG SDE BTSAN, in whose heart he had inscribed a sacred syllable after bringing her back from the dead. They were discovered there by Padma las 'brel rtsal and Klong chen pa, who are her reincarnations. Besides this widely acknowledged tradition, there are numerous other gter ma that form the basis of practices and rituals in specific Rnying ma monasteries. For example, the main line of teachings and consecrations (ABHIsEKA) in the DPAL YUL monastery in the Khams region of eastern Tibet, and in its reestablished Indian branch near Mysore in South India, is based on gter ma teachings combining Rnying ma and Bka' brgyud practices, revealed by Mi 'gyur rdo rje and redacted by KARMA CHAGS MED; the gter ma discovered by PADMA GLING PA are held in great reverence by the 'BRUG PA BKA' BRGYUD sect in Bhutan; and the secret teachings of the fifth DALAI LAMA (1617-1682) that later locate and legitimate the role of the Dalai Lamas in the Dge lugs pa sect originated in gter ma that he revealed. The different gter ma were brought together in a quasi-canonical form by 'JAM MGON KONG SPRUL BLO GROS MTHA' YAS in his RIN CHEN GTER MDZOD ("Treasury of Precious Treasure Teachings"). It is believed that the sacred and even political space of Tibet is empowered through the discovery of gter ma and, by extension, that the religious practice of a region is empowered through the discovery of treasures within it.
Honeywell "company" A US company known for its {mainframes} and {operating systems}. The company's history is long and tortuous, with many mergers, acquisitions and name changes. A company formed on 1886-04-23 to make furnace regulators eventually merged in 1927 with another company formed in 1904 by a young plumbing and heating engineer named Mark Honeywell who was perfecting the heat generator. A 1955 joint venture with {Raytheon Corp.}, called {Datamatic Corporation}, marked Honeywell's entry into the computer business. Their first computer was the {D-1000}. In 1960 Honeywell bought out Raytheon's interest and the name changed to {Electronic Data Processing} (EDP) then in 1963 it was officially renamed Honeywell Inc. In 1970 Honeywell merged its computer business with {General Electric}'s to form Honeywell Information Systems. In 1986 a joint venture with the french company {Bull} and japanese {NEC Corporation} created Honeywell Bull. By 1991 Honeywell had withdrawn from the computer business, focussing more on aeropspace. {CII Honeywell} was an important department. Honeywell operating systems included {GCOS} and {Multics}. See also: {brain-damaged}. {History (http://www51.honeywell.com/honeywell/about-us/our-history.html)}. (2009-01-14)
IBM 704 "computer" A large, scientific computer made by {IBM} and used by the largest commercial, government and educational institutions. The IBM 704 had 36-bit memory words, 15-bit addresses and instructions with one address. A few {index register} instructions had the infamous 15-bit decrement field in addition to the 15-bit address. The 704, and {IBM 709} which had the same basic architecture, represented a substantial step forward from the {IBM 650}'s {magnetic drum} storage as they provided random access at electronic speed to {core storage}, typically 32k words of 36 bits each. [Or did the 704 actually come *before* the 650?] A typical 700 series installation would be in a specially built room of perhaps 1000 to 2000 square feet, with cables running under a raised floor and substantial air conditioning. There might be up to eight {magnetic tape} transports, each about 3 x 3 x 6 feet, on one or two "channels." The 1/2 inch tape had seven tracks and moved at 150 inches per second, giving a read/write speed of 15,000 six bit characters (plus parity) per second. In the centre would be the operator's {console} consisting of cabinets and tables for storage of tapes and boxes of cards; and a {card reader}, a {card punch}, and a {line printer}, each perhaps 4 x 4 x 5 feet in dimension. Small {jobs} could be entered via {punched cards} at the console, but as a rule the user jobs were transferred from cards to {magnetic tape} by {off-line} equipment and only control information was entered at the console (see {SPOOL}). Before each job, the {operating system} was loaded from a read-only system tape (because the system in {core} could have been corrupted by the previous user), and then the user's program, in the form of card images on the input tape, would be run. Program output would be written to another tape (typically on another channel) for printing off-line. Well run installations would transfer the user's cards to tape, run the job, and print the output tape with a turnaround time of one to four hours. The processing unit typically occupied a position symmetric but opposite the operator's console. Physically the largest of the units, it included a glass enclosure a few feet in dimension in which could be seen the "core" about one foot on each side. The 36-bit word could hold two 18-bit addresses called the "Contents of the Address Register" ({CAR}) and the "Contents of the Decrement Register" ({CDR}). On the opposite side of the floor from the tape drives and operator's console would be a desk and bookshelves for the ever-present (24 hours a day) "field engineer" dressed in, you guessed it, a grey flannel suit and tie. The maintenance of the many thousands of {vacuum tubes}, each with limited lifetime, and the cleaning, lubrication, and adjustment of mechanical equipment, was augmented by a constant flow of {bug} reports, change orders to both hardware and software, and hand-holding for worried users. The 704 was oriented toward scientific work and included {floating point} hardware and the first {Fortran} implementation. Its hardware was the basis for the requirement in some programming languages that loops must be executed at least once. The {IBM 705} was the business counterpart of the 704. The 705 was a decimal machine with a circular register which could hold several variables (numbers, values) at the same time. Very few 700 series computers remained in service by 1965, but the {IBM 7090}, using {transistors} but similar in logical structure, remained an important machine until the production of the earliest {integrated circuits}. [Was the 704 scientific, business or general purpose? Difference between 704 and 709?] (1996-01-24)
IBM 704 ::: (computer) A large, scientific computer made by IBM and used by the largest commercial, government and educational institutions.The IBM 704 had 36-bit memory words, 15-bit addresses and instructions with one address. A few index register instructions had the infamous 15-bit decrement field in addition to the 15-bit address.The 704, and IBM 709 which had the same basic architecture, represented a substantial step forward from the IBM 650's magnetic drum storage as they provided random access at electronic speed to core storage, typically 32k words of 36 bits each.[Or did the 704 actually come *before* the 650?]A typical 700 series installation would be in a specially built room of perhaps 1000 to 2000 square feet, with cables running under a raised floor and tape had seven tracks and moved at 150 inches per second, giving a read/write speed of 15,000 six bit characters (plus parity) per second.In the centre would be the operator's console consisting of cabinets and tables for storage of tapes and boxes of cards; and a card reader, a card punch, and a output would be written to another tape (typically on another channel) for printing off-line.Well run installations would transfer the user's cards to tape, run the job, and print the output tape with a turnaround time of one to four hours.The processing unit typically occupied a position symmetric but opposite the operator's console. Physically the largest of the units, it included a glass Contents of the Address Register (CAR) and the Contents of the Decrement Register (CDR).On the opposite side of the floor from the tape drives and operator's console would be a desk and bookshelves for the ever-present (24 hours a day) field augmented by a constant flow of bug reports, change orders to both hardware and software, and hand-holding for worried users.The 704 was oriented toward scientific work and included floating point hardware and the first Fortran implementation. Its hardware was the basis for the requirement in some programming languages that loops must be executed at least once.The IBM 705 was the business counterpart of the 704. The 705 was a decimal machine with a circular register which could hold several variables (numbers, values) at the same time.Very few 700 series computers remained in service by 1965, but the IBM 7090, using transistors but similar in logical structure, remained an important machine until the production of the earliest integrated circuits.[Was the 704 scientific, business or general purpose? Difference between 704 and 709?] (1996-01-24)
Illiac IV ::: (computer) One of the most infamous supercomputers ever. It used early ideas on SIMD (single instruction stream, multiple data streams). The project started in 1965, it used 64 processors and a 13MHz clock. In 1976 it ran its first sucessfull application. It had 1MB memory (64x16KB).Its actual performance was 15 MFLOPS, it was estimated in initial predictions to be 1000 MFLOPS. It totally failed as a computer, only a quarter of the fully 1966 to $31 million by 1972, and the computer took three more years of enginering before it was operational.The only good it did was to push research forward a bit, leading way for machines such as the Thinking Machines CM-1 and CM-2. (1995-04-28)
Illiac IV "computer" One of the most infamous {supercomputers} ever. It used early ideas on {SIMD} (single instruction stream, multiple data streams). The project started in 1965, it used 64 processors and a 13MHz clock. In 1976 it ran its first sucessfull application. It had 1MB memory (64x16KB). Its actual performance was 15 MFLOPS, it was estimated in initial predictions to be 1000 MFLOPS. It totally failed as a computer, only a quarter of the fully planned machine was ever built, costs escalated from the $8 million estimated in 1966 to $31 million by 1972, and the computer took three more years of enginering before it was operational. The only good it did was to push research forward a bit, leading way for machines such as the {Thinking Machines} {CM-1} and CM-2. (1995-04-28)
Indian Philosophy: General name designating a plethora of more or less systematic thinking born and cultivated in the geographic region of India among the Hindus who represent an amalgamation of adventitious and indigenous peoples, but confined at first exclusively to the caste-conscious Indo-germanic conquerors of the lands of the Indus and Ganges. Its beginnings are lost in the dim past, while a distinct emergence in tangible form is demonstrable from about 1000 B.C. Hindu idiosyncrasies are responsible for our inability to date with any degree of accuracy many of the systems, schools, and philosophers, or in some cases even to refer to the latter by name. Inasmuch as memory, not writing, has been universally favored in India, an aphoristic form (cf. sutra), subtended by copious commentaries, give Indian Philosophy its distinctive appearance. The medium is Sanskrit and the dialects derived from it. There are translations in all major Asiatic and European languages. The West became familiar with it when philologists discovered during last century the importance of Sanskrit. As a type of thinking employing unfamiliar conceptions and a terminology fluctuating in meaning (cf., e.g., rasa), it is distinct from Western speculations. Several peaks have been reached in the past, yet Indian Philosophy does not cease to act fructifyingly upon the present mind in India as elsewhere. Various factions advance conflicting claims as to the value of Indian speculation, because interpretations have not as yet become standardized. Textual criticism is now making strides, but with varying successes. Among larger histories of Indian Philosophy may be mentioned those of Deussen, Das Gupta, Bel-valkar and Ranade, and Radhakrishnan.
Infant mortality rate - The number of live-born infants who die before one year of age per 1000 of the population. This statistic is highly correlated with health care and nutrition standards.
INTERCOM ::: (language) The assembly language for the G-15.Versions: INTERCOM 101, INTERCOM 1000.[Listed in CACM 2(5):16, May 1959]. (1997-07-23)
INTERCOM "language" The {assembly language} for the {G-15}. Versions: INTERCOM 101, INTERCOM 1000. [Listed in CACM 2(5):16, May 1959]. (1997-07-23)
JNānasārasamuccaya. (T. Ye shes snying po kun las btus pa). A treatise of MADHYAMAKA scholasticism, traditionally attributed to ĀRYADEVA, but probably composed by a Madhyamaka exegete following the development of Madhyamaka and YOGĀCĀRA; the author sets forth Madhyamaka positions and denies the reality of consciousness (VIJNĀNA). It describes the doctrines of the later Indian philosophical schools, both Hindu and Buddhist. Although the work does not contain overtly tantric elements, it may be the work of the so-called tantric Āryadeva or Āryadevapāda. There is a commentary on the text by Bodhibhadra (c. 1000), the JNānasārasamuccayanibandhana.
JNānasrīmitra. (T. Ye shes dpal bshes gnyen) Late Indian YOGĀCĀRA philosopher and logician of the school of DHARMAKĪRTI at VIKRAMAsĪLA monastery, born between 975 and 1000. Within the Yogācāra, he held the so-called "aspectarian" (SĀKĀRA) position regarding the nature of cognition, taking a position opposed to that of RATNĀKARAsĀNTI. He is credited as the author of twelve treatises, including an important work on APOHA, the Apohaprakarana. In his works on logic, he upholds the interpretation of DHARMAKĪRTI by PRAJNĀKARAGUPTA against the interpretation by DHARMOTTARA.
Kārandavyuha. [alt. Karandavyuha; Avalokitesvaraguna-kārandavyuha] (T. Za ma tog bkod pa'i mdo; C. Dasheng zhuangyan baowang jing; J. Daijo shogon hoogyo; K. Taesŭng changom powang kyong 大乘莊嚴寶王經). In Sanskrit, "Description of the Casket [of AVALOKITEsVARA's Qualities]"; the earliest textual source for the BODHISATTVA Avalokitesvara's MANTRA "OM MAnI PADME HuM" (oM, O Jewel-Lotus); the extended version of the title is Avalokitesvaraguna-kārandavyuha. The earliest version of the Kārandavyuha is presumed to have been composed in Kashmir sometime around the end of the fourth or beginning of the fifth centuries CE. There are Tibetan and Chinese translations, including a late Chinese rendering made by the Kashmiri translator TIAN XIZAI (d. 1000) in 983. The Kārandavyuha displays characteristics of both sutra and TANTRA literature in its emphasis on the doctrine of rebirth in AMITĀBHA Buddha's pure land (SUKHĀVATĪ), as well as such tantric elements as the mantra "oM mani padme huM" and the use of MAndALAs; it is thought to represent a transitional stage between the two categories of texts. The sutra is composed as a dialogue between sĀKYAMUNI Buddha and the bodhisattva SARVANĪVARAnAVIsKAMBHIN. While describing Avalokitesvara's supernal qualities and his vocation of saving sentient beings, sākyamuni Buddha tells his audience about the mantra "oM mani padme huM" and the merits that it enables its reciters to accrue. Avalokitesvara is said to be the embodiment of the SAMBHOGAKĀYA (enjoyment body), the body of the buddha that remains constantly present in the world for the edification of all beings, and the dharma that he makes manifest is expressed in this six-syllable mantra (sAdAKsArĪ), the recitation of which invokes the power of that bodhisattva's great compassion (MAHĀKARUnĀ). The sutra claims that the benefit of copying this mantra but once is equivalent to that of copying all the 84,000 teachings of the DHARMA; in addition, there are an infinite number of benefits that derive from a single recitation of it.
kibibyte ::: (unit) The official ISO[?] name for 1024 bytes, to distinguish it from 1000 bytes which they call a kilobyte. Mebibyte, Gibibyte, etc, are prefixes for other powers of 1024. Although this new naming standard has been widely reported in 2003, it seems unlikely to catch on.(2003-09-27)
kibibyte "unit" The official ISO[?] name for 1024 {bytes}, to distinguish it from 1000 bytes which they call a kilobyte. "Mebibyte", "Gibibyte", etc, are prefixes for other powers of 1024. Although this new naming standard has been widely reported in 2003, it seems unlikely to catch on. (2003-09-27)
kilobaud "unit" 1000 {baud}. (1996-02-12)
kilobaud ::: (unit) 1000 baud. (1996-02-12)
kilobits per second "unit" (kbps, kb/s) A unit of {data rate} where 1 kb/s = 1000 bits per second. This contrasts with units of storage where 1 Kb = 1024 bits (note upper case K). (2002-03-23)
kilobits per second ::: (unit) (kbps, kb/s) A unit of data rate where 1 kb/s = 1000 bits per second. This contrasts with units of storage where 1 Kb = 1024 bits (note upper case K).(2002-03-23)
kilobyte "unit, data" (KB) A unit of {data} equal to 1000 {bytes} (but see {binary prefix} for other definitions). One kilobyte is the amount of data in 1000 {ASCII} (or {UTF-8}) characters or about 250 English words (whose average length is about four characters). 1000 kilobytes are one {megabyte}. (2014-07-21)
kiloflops "unit" 1000 {FLOPS}. See {prefix}. (1998-09-07)
kiloflops ::: (unit) 1000 FLOPS.See prefix. (1998-09-07)
kilostere ::: n. --> A cubic measure containing 1000 cubic meters, and equivalent to 35,315 cubic feet.
litre: A metric (but not SI) unit of capacity that is defined to be one-thousandth (1/1000) of a cubic metre. (m3). The unit is considered a special unit compatible with other SI units and prefixes.
megabyte "unit, data" (MB, colloquially "meg") A Unit of {data} equal to one million {bytes} but see {binary prefix} for other definitions. A megabyte is 1000^2 bytes or 1000 {kilobytes}. The text of a six hundred page paperback book stored as {ASCII} {characters} contains about one megabyte of data. The complete King James bible is 5.2 megabytes. 1000 megabytes are one {gigabyte}. See {prefix}. (2013-11-04)
metric ton: 1000 kg, also known as a tonne.
mil: An Imperial unit of length that is one-thousandth (1/1000) of an inch.
Millenarian ::: From the Latin for "1000" (see also chiliastic). Having to do with the expected millennium, or thousand-year reign of Christ prophesied in the New Testament book of Revelation (“the Apocalypse”), a time in which the world would be brought to perfection. Millenarian movements often grow up around predictions that this perfect time is about to begin. See eschatology.
milli-: An SI prefix which means one-thousandth (1/1000).
milliLampson /mil'*-lamp"sn/ A unit of talking speed, abbreviated mL. Most people run about 200 milliLampsons. The eponymous Butler Lampson (a CS theorist and systems implementor highly regarded among hackers) goes at 1000. A few people speak faster. This unit is sometimes used to compare the (sometimes widely disparate) rates at which people can generate ideas and actually emit them in speech. For example, noted computer architect C. Gordon Bell (designer of the {PDP-11}) is said, with some awe, to think at about 1200 mL but only talk at about 300; he is frequently reduced to fragments of sentences as his mouth tries to keep up with his speeding brain. [{Jargon File}]
MIPS Technologies, Inc. ::: (company) A company which designs, develops, and licenses reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessors and compilers. MIPS of MIPS Computer Systems which was founded in 1984 and merged with Silicon Graphics on 29 June 1992.MIPS Technologies developed the world's first RISC VLSI microprocessors (1985) (or was it the ARM?), the first commercial 64-bit microprocessor (MIPS R4000, the next generation general-purpose MIPS microprocessor and the most powerful processor in the world (October 1994).MIPS' semiconductor company partners participate in the design and development of MIPS processors and software and then produce, market, and support the Corporation, NKK Corporation, Philips Semiconductors, Siemens AG, and Toshiba Corporation.MIPS' products include:R4000 - 100 MHz; 1.35M transistors, primary i/d cache 8KB/8KB, SPECint92 58.3/ SPECfp92 61.4.R4300i - 133 MHZ, 1.35M transistors; primary i/d cache, 16KB/8KB, SPECint92 80, SPECfp92 60.R4400 - 250 MHz, 2.3M transistors, primary i/d cache 16KB/16KB, SPECint92 175.8, SPECfp92 164.4.R4600 - 133 MHz, 1.9M transistors, primary i/d cache 16KB/16KB, SPECint92 85, SPECfp92 75.R8000/R8010 - 90 MHz, 2.6M, .83M transistors, primary i/d cache, 16KB/16KB, SPECint92 132, SPECfp92 396.R10000 - 200 MHz, 6.7M transistors, primary i/d cache 32KB/32KB, SPECint92 >300, SPECfp92 >600.MIPS' processor chips were used in the DEC 3100 series of workstations. .Usenet newsgroup: comp.sys.mips. (1996-03-01)
MIPS Technologies, Inc. "company" A company which designs, develops, and licenses {reduced instruction set computer} (RISC) {microprocessors} and compilers. MIPS Technologies, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of {Silicon Graphics, Inc.} and operates as an independent unit. MIPS is the successor to the processor business of MIPS Computer Systems which was founded in 1984 and merged with Silicon Graphics on 29 June 1992. MIPS Technologies developed the world's first RISC {VLSI} microprocessors (1985) (or was it the {ARM}?), the first commercial 64-bit microprocessor ({MIPS R4000}, 1992), announced MIPS R4300i - the first 64-bit RISC processor designed for interactive consumer applications (April 1995). They announced the MIPS R10000 - the next generation general-purpose MIPS microprocessor and the most powerful processor in the world (October 1994). MIPS' semiconductor company partners participate in the design and development of MIPS processors and software and then produce, market, and support the processors. MIPS itself does not fabricate or sell products. MIPS' semiconductor partners are: {Integrated Device Technology}, {LSI Logic Corporation}, {NEC Corporation}, {NKK Corporation}, {Philips Semiconductors}, {Siemens AG}, and {Toshiba Corporation}. MIPS' products include: R4000 - 100 MHz; 1.35M transistors, primary i/d cache 8KB/8KB, SPECint92 58.3/ SPECfp92 61.4. R4300i - 133 MHZ, 1.35M transistors; primary i/d cache, 16KB/8KB, SPECint92 80, SPECfp92 60. R4400 - 250 MHz, 2.3M transistors, primary i/d cache 16KB/16KB, SPECint92 175.8, SPECfp92 164.4. R4600 - 133 MHz, 1.9M transistors, primary i/d cache 16KB/16KB, SPECint92 85, SPECfp92 75. R8000/R8010 - 90 MHz, 2.6M, .83M transistors, primary i/d cache, 16KB/16KB, SPECint92 132, SPECfp92 396. R10000 - 200 MHz, 6.7M transistors, primary i/d cache 32KB/32KB, SPECint92 "300, SPECfp92 "600. MIPS' processor chips were used in the {DEC 3100} series of {workstations}. {(http://mips.com/)}. {Usenet} newsgroup: {news:comp.sys.mips}. (1996-03-01)
ml: millilitre, sometimes written as mL, being one thousandth (1/1000) of a litre (L)..
Moore's Law "architecture" /morz law/ The observation, made in 1965 by {Intel} co-founder {Gordon Moore} while preparing a speech, that each new memory {integrated circuit} contained roughly twice as much capacity as its predecessor, and each chip was released within 18-24 months of the previous chip. If this trend continued, he reasoned, computing power would rise exponentially with time. Moore's observation still holds in 1997 and is the basis for many performance forecasts. In 24 years the number of {transistors} on processor chips has increased by a factor of almost 2400, from 2300 on the {Intel 4004} in 1971 to 5.5 million on the {Pentium Pro} in 1995 (doubling roughly every two years). Date Chip Transistors MIPS clock/MHz ----------------------------------------------- Nov 1971 4004 2300 0.06 0.108 Apr 1974 8080 6000 0.64 2 Jun 1978 8086 29000 0.75 10 Feb 1982 80286 134000 2.66 12 Oct 1985 386DX 275000 5 16 Apr 1989 80486 1200000 20 25 Mar 1993 Pentium 3100000 112 66 Nov 1995 Pentium Pro 5500000 428 200 ----------------------------------------------- Moore's Law has been (mis)interpreted to mean many things over the years. In particular, {microprocessor} performance has increased faster than the number of transistors per chip. The number of {MIPS} has, on average, doubled every 1.8 years for the past 25 years, or every 1.6 years for the last 10 years. While more recent processors have had wider {data paths}, which would correspond to an increase in transistor count, their performance has also increased due to increased {clock rates}. Chip density in transistors per unit area has increased less quickly - a factor of only 146 between the 4004 (12 mm^2) and the Pentium Pro (196 mm^2) (doubling every 3.3 years). {Feature size} has decreased from 10 to 0.35 microns which would give over 800 times as many transistors per unit. However, the automatic layout required to cope with the increased complexity is less efficient than the hand layout used for early processors. {(http://intel.com/intel/museum/25anniv/html/hof/moore.htm)}. {Intel Microprocessor Quick Reference Guide (http://intel.com/pressroom/no_frame/quickref.htm)}. {"Birth of a Chip", Linley Gwennap, Byte, Dec 1996 (http://byte.com/art/9612/sec6/art2.htm)}. See also March 1997 "inbox". {Chronology of Events in the History of Microcomputers (http://islandnet.com/~kpolsson/comphist.htm)}, Ken Polsson. See also {Parkinson's Law of Data}. [{Jargon File}] (1997-03-04)
MPC Level 1 Specification "multimedia" The original {Multimedia Personal Computer} specification. Minimum requirements are a 16 MHz {386SX} with 2 {megabytes} of {RAM}, a 30 MB {hard disk drive}, and a {CD-ROM} drive with a sustained data transfer rate of 150 KB/s at no more than 40% of {CPU} {bandwidth} and reading at least 16 KB blocks. The maximum average {seek time} is 1 second and the {Mean Time Between Failure} 10000 hours. Capability Mode 1. The computer must have 8-bit digital sound and an 8-note synthesizer with {MIDI} playback. Sample rates of 22.05 and 11.025 kHz must be supported by no more than 10% of CPU bandwidth, preferably 44.1 kHz at no more than 15% of CPU bandwidth. The synthesizer must support multi-voice, multi-timbral generation of six simultaneous melody notes and two simultaneous percussive notes with internal mixing capabilities to combine input from three sources and present the output as a stereo, line-level audio signal at the back panel. The video display must have a {resolution} of at least 640 x 480 in 16 colours. MIDI, I/O, and joystick ports must be previded. Compare {MPC Level 2 Specification}. (1997-01-19)
MPC Level 1 Specification ::: (multimedia) The original Multimedia Personal Computer specification.Minimum requirements are a 16 MHz 386SX with 2 megabytes of RAM, a 30 MB hard disk drive, and a CD-ROM drive with a sustained data transfer rate of 150 KB/s maximum average seek time is 1 second and the Mean Time Between Failure 10000 hours. Capability Mode 1.The computer must have 8-bit digital sound and an 8-note synthesizer with MIDI playback. Sample rates of 22.05 and 11.025 kHz must be supported by no more than mixing capabilities to combine input from three sources and present the output as a stereo, line-level audio signal at the back panel.The video display must have a resolution of at least 640 x 480 in 16 colours. MIDI, I/O, and joystick ports must be previded.Compare MPC Level 2 Specification. (1997-01-19)
Abbreviated km. 1 km = 1000 meters = 105 cm = 0.62 mile.
Packard Bell Electronics, Inc. "company" A leading US computer vendor. As recently as 29 November 1995 the Wall Street Journal reported that the company was having financial difficulties and that one of its major suppliers of CPUs, {Intel}, was about to make a large cash loan, so as to prevent loss of a major customer. Packard Bell is a privately held company and the WSJ also reported that {NEC} has been rumored to have bought a large minority block of shares to help the company stay in business. Its computers are sold in major retail outlets in the USA and are available as a bundled package: desktop or {tower} {486} {CPU}, single 3.5 inch {floppy disk drive}, {CD-ROM}, {sound card}, 14 inch colour {monitor}, and 4-8MB of {RAM}. 1995 end-of-year prices in Computer Currents magazine (a California Bay Area bi-monthly giveaway publication) are US$1500 (approx. 1000 pounds) for a 486 desktop, with 8MB RAM, 420MB hard disk drive, single 3.5 inch floppy drive, 14 inch colour monitor, 2-speed CD-ROM, and 16-bit sound card. Headquarters: Sacramento, California, USA. (1996-01-02)
Packard Bell Electronics, Inc. ::: (company) A leading US computer vendor.As recently as 29 November 1995 the Wall Street Journal reported that the company was having financial difficulties and that one of its major suppliers of reported that NEC has been rumored to have bought a large minority block of shares to help the company stay in business.Its computers are sold in major retail outlets in the USA and are available as a bundled package: desktop or tower 486 CPU, single 3.5 inch floppy disk drive, CD-ROM, sound card, 14 inch colour monitor, and 4-8MB of RAM.1995 end-of-year prices in Computer Currents magazine (a California Bay Area bi-monthly giveaway publication) are US$1500 (approx. 1000 pounds) for a 486 desktop, with 8MB RAM, 420MB hard disk drive, single 3.5 inch floppy drive, 14 inch colour monitor, 2-speed CD-ROM, and 16-bit sound card.Headquarters: Sacramento, California, USA. (1996-01-02)
Parallel with these developments was the growth of Buddhism in China, a story too long to relate here. Many Buddhist doctrines, latent in India, were developed in China. The nihilism of Madhyamika (Sun-lan, c. 450-c. 1000) to the effect that reality is Void in the sense of being "devoid" of any specific character, was brought to fullness, while the idealism of Vijnaptimatravada (Yogacara, Fahsiang, 563-c. 1000), which claimed that reality in its imaginary, dependent and absolute aspects is "representation-only," was pushed to the extreme. But these philosophies failed because their extreme positions were not consonant with the Chinese Ideal of the golden mean. In the meantime, China developed her own Buddhist philosophy consistent with her general philosophical outlook. We need only mention the Hua-yen school (Avatamisaka, 508) which offered a totalistic philosophy of "all in one" and "one in all," the T'ien-t'ai school (c. 550) which believes in the identity of the Void, Transitoriness, and the Mean, and in the "immanence of 3,000 worlds in one moment of thought," and the Chin-t'u school (Pure Land, c. 500) which bases its doctrine of salvation by faith and salvation for all on the philosophy of the universality of Buddha-nature. These schools have persisted because they accepted both noumenon and phenomenon, both ens and non-ens, and this "both-and" spirit is predominantly characteristic of Chinese philosophy.
Hertz - Abbreviated Hz. A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second. One kHz = 1000 Hz. One
petabyte "unit, data" (PB) A unit of data equal to one quadrillion {bytes} but see {binary prefix} for other definitions. A petabyte is 10^15 bytes or 1000^5 bytes or 1000 {terabytes}. As of 2013-11-05, the {Internet Archive} {Wayback Machine} contains almost two petabytes of data. A petabyte is the amount of data that would be required to store a 2000 by 1600 pixel image of every one of the 314 million people living in the USA in 2012. 1000 petabytes are one {exabyte}. See {prefix}. (2007-09-13)
petaflops "unit" 10^15 {flops} or 1000 {teraflops}. As with {flops}, the term ends in S in both the singular and plural as the S stands for seconds. The first computer to perform one petaflops was recorded in {June 2008 (http://top500.org/list/2008/06/100)}. By {June 2012 (http://top500.org/list/2012/06/100)} there were 20. (2013-04-27)
petaflops ::: (unit) 10^15 flops or 1000 teraflops. No computer has achieved this performance yet. (1997-07-21)
prefix ::: 1. (unit) The standard metric prefixes used in the Syst�me International d'Units (SI) conventions for scientific measurement.Here are the SI magnifying prefixes, along with the corresponding binary interpretations in common use: prefix abr decimal binary Femto and atto derive not from Greek but from Danish.The abbreviated forms of these prefixes are common in electronics and physics.When used with bytes of storage, these prefixes usually denote multiplication by powers of 1024 = 2^10 (K, M, and G are common in computing). Thus MB stands strictly, reserving upper case K for multiplication by 1024 (KB is thus kilobytes).Also, in data transfer rates the prefixes stand for powers of ten so, for example, 28.8 kb/s means 28,800 bits per second.The unit is often dropped so one may talk of a 40K salary (40000 dollars) or 2 meg of disk space (2*2^20 bytes).The accepted pronunciation of the initial G of giga- is hard, /gi'ga/.Confusing 1000 and 1024 (or other powers of 2 and 10 close in magnitude) - for example, describing a memory in units of 500K or 524K instead of 512K - is a 1440 KB = 1440 * 1024 = 1474560 bytes. Alas, this point is probably lost on the world forever.In 1993, hacker Morgan Burke proposed, to general approval on Usenet, the following additional prefixes: groucho (10^-30), harpo (10^-27), harpi (10^27), available for future expansion. Sadly, there is little immediate prospect that Mr. Burke's eminently sensible proposal will be ratified.2. (language) Related to the prefix notation.(2003-05-06)
Prutah (pl. prutot) ::: A monetary unit, 1000 of which equaled an Israeli pound.
Quality Systems & Software Ltd. "company" The company which produced the {DOORS} requirements engineering tool. They also provide consultancy as Requirements Engineering Ltd. {(http://qss.co.uk/)}. E-mail: Ian Alexander "iany@easynet.co.uk", Amanda Haisman-Baker "100023.44@compuserve.com". (1995-11-11)
Rambus DRAM ::: (storage) A high bandwidth DRAM, designed by Rambus, Inc. of Mountain View, CA.RDRAM is used mainly for video accelerators, and also in the Ultra 64 from Nintendo. It offers sustained transfer rates of around 1000 Mbps, compared to machines increase. SDRAM can operate up to around 100MHz, but RDRAM has been demonstrated by the manufacturers running at 600MHz.The memory is also only 8 or 9 bits wide, so the bandwidth would increase enormously if it were used in parallel to give 32 or 64-bit memory. (1996-12-13)
Rambus DRAM "storage" (RDRAM) A high bandwidth {DRAM}, designed by {Rambus, Inc.} of Mountain View, CA. RDRAM is used mainly for {video accelerators}, and also in the {Ultra 64} from {Nintendo}. It offers sustained {transfer rates} of around 1000 Mbps, compared to 200 Mbps for ordinary DRAM. Although it cannot be used as a direct replacement for existing memory, it is likely that it will replace DRAM and {SDRAM} as the main memory system in {personal computers} as the {bus} speeds required by these machines increase. SDRAM can operate up to around 100MHz, but RDRAM has been demonstrated by the manufacturers running at 600MHz. The memory is also only 8 or 9 {bits} wide, so the bandwidth would increase enormously if it were used in parallel to give 32 or 64-bit memory. {RDRAM Installation (http://www.cheapestrdram.com/rdram_install.php)}. (2007-06-13)
Real Programmers Don't Use Pascal "humour" Back in the good old days - the "Golden Era" of computers, it was easy to separate the men from the boys (sometimes called "Real Men" and "Quiche Eaters" in the literature). During this period, the Real Men were the ones that understood computer programming, and the Quiche Eaters were the ones that didn't. A real computer programmer said things like "DO 10 I=1,10" and "ABEND" (they actually talked in capital letters, you understand), and the rest of the world said things like "computers are too complicated for me" and "I can't relate to computers - they're so impersonal". (A previous work [1] points out that Real Men don't "relate" to anything, and aren't afraid of being impersonal.) But, as usual, times change. We are faced today with a world in which little old ladies can get computers in their microwave ovens, 12-year-old kids can blow Real Men out of the water playing Asteroids and Pac-Man, and anyone can buy and even understand their very own Personal Computer. The Real Programmer is in danger of becoming extinct, of being replaced by high-school students with {TRASH-80s}. There is a clear need to point out the differences between the typical high-school junior Pac-Man player and a Real Programmer. If this difference is made clear, it will give these kids something to aspire to -- a role model, a Father Figure. It will also help explain to the employers of Real Programmers why it would be a mistake to replace the Real Programmers on their staff with 12-year-old Pac-Man players (at a considerable salary savings). LANGUAGES The easiest way to tell a Real Programmer from the crowd is by the programming language he (or she) uses. Real Programmers use {Fortran}. Quiche Eaters use {Pascal}. Nicklaus Wirth, the designer of Pascal, gave a talk once at which he was asked how to pronounce his name. He replied, "You can either call me by name, pronouncing it 'Veert', or call me by value, 'Worth'." One can tell immediately from this comment that Nicklaus Wirth is a Quiche Eater. The only parameter passing mechanism endorsed by Real Programmers is call-by-value-return, as implemented in the {IBM 370} {Fortran-G} and H compilers. Real programmers don't need all these abstract concepts to get their jobs done - they are perfectly happy with a {keypunch}, a {Fortran IV} {compiler}, and a beer. Real Programmers do List Processing in Fortran. Real Programmers do String Manipulation in Fortran. Real Programmers do Accounting (if they do it at all) in Fortran. Real Programmers do {Artificial Intelligence} programs in Fortran. If you can't do it in Fortran, do it in {assembly language}. If you can't do it in assembly language, it isn't worth doing. STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING The academics in computer science have gotten into the "structured programming" rut over the past several years. They claim that programs are more easily understood if the programmer uses some special language constructs and techniques. They don't all agree on exactly which constructs, of course, and the examples they use to show their particular point of view invariably fit on a single page of some obscure journal or another - clearly not enough of an example to convince anyone. When I got out of school, I thought I was the best programmer in the world. I could write an unbeatable tic-tac-toe program, use five different computer languages, and create 1000-line programs that WORKED. (Really!) Then I got out into the Real World. My first task in the Real World was to read and understand a 200,000-line Fortran program, then speed it up by a factor of two. Any Real Programmer will tell you that all the Structured Coding in the world won't help you solve a problem like that - it takes actual talent. Some quick observations on Real Programmers and Structured Programming: Real Programmers aren't afraid to use {GOTOs}. Real Programmers can write five-page-long DO loops without getting confused. Real Programmers like Arithmetic IF statements - they make the code more interesting. Real Programmers write self-modifying code, especially if they can save 20 {nanoseconds} in the middle of a tight loop. Real Programmers don't need comments - the code is obvious. Since Fortran doesn't have a structured IF, REPEAT ... UNTIL, or CASE statement, Real Programmers don't have to worry about not using them. Besides, they can be simulated when necessary using {assigned GOTOs}. Data Structures have also gotten a lot of press lately. Abstract Data Types, Structures, Pointers, Lists, and Strings have become popular in certain circles. Wirth (the above-mentioned Quiche Eater) actually wrote an entire book [2] contending that you could write a program based on data structures, instead of the other way around. As all Real Programmers know, the only useful data structure is the Array. Strings, lists, structures, sets - these are all special cases of arrays and can be treated that way just as easily without messing up your programing language with all sorts of complications. The worst thing about fancy data types is that you have to declare them, and Real Programming Languages, as we all know, have implicit typing based on the first letter of the (six character) variable name. OPERATING SYSTEMS What kind of operating system is used by a Real Programmer? CP/M? God forbid - CP/M, after all, is basically a toy operating system. Even little old ladies and grade school students can understand and use CP/M. Unix is a lot more complicated of course - the typical Unix hacker never can remember what the PRINT command is called this week - but when it gets right down to it, Unix is a glorified video game. People don't do Serious Work on Unix systems: they send jokes around the world on {UUCP}-net and write adventure games and research papers. No, your Real Programmer uses OS 370. A good programmer can find and understand the description of the IJK305I error he just got in his JCL manual. A great programmer can write JCL without referring to the manual at all. A truly outstanding programmer can find bugs buried in a 6 megabyte {core dump} without using a hex calculator. (I have actually seen this done.) OS is a truly remarkable operating system. It's possible to destroy days of work with a single misplaced space, so alertness in the programming staff is encouraged. The best way to approach the system is through a keypunch. Some people claim there is a Time Sharing system that runs on OS 370, but after careful study I have come to the conclusion that they were mistaken. PROGRAMMING TOOLS What kind of tools does a Real Programmer use? In theory, a Real Programmer could run his programs by keying them into the front panel of the computer. Back in the days when computers had front panels, this was actually done occasionally. Your typical Real Programmer knew the entire bootstrap loader by memory in hex, and toggled it in whenever it got destroyed by his program. (Back then, memory was memory - it didn't go away when the power went off. Today, memory either forgets things when you don't want it to, or remembers things long after they're better forgotten.) Legend has it that {Seymore Cray}, inventor of the Cray I supercomputer and most of Control Data's computers, actually toggled the first operating system for the CDC7600 in on the front panel from memory when it was first powered on. Seymore, needless to say, is a Real Programmer. One of my favorite Real Programmers was a systems programmer for Texas Instruments. One day he got a long distance call from a user whose system had crashed in the middle of saving some important work. Jim was able to repair the damage over the phone, getting the user to toggle in disk I/O instructions at the front panel, repairing system tables in hex, reading register contents back over the phone. The moral of this story: while a Real Programmer usually includes a keypunch and lineprinter in his toolkit, he can get along with just a front panel and a telephone in emergencies. In some companies, text editing no longer consists of ten engineers standing in line to use an 029 keypunch. In fact, the building I work in doesn't contain a single keypunch. The Real Programmer in this situation has to do his work with a "text editor" program. Most systems supply several text editors to select from, and the Real Programmer must be careful to pick one that reflects his personal style. Many people believe that the best text editors in the world were written at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center for use on their Alto and Dorado computers [3]. Unfortunately, no Real Programmer would ever use a computer whose operating system is called SmallTalk, and would certainly not talk to the computer with a mouse. Some of the concepts in these Xerox editors have been incorporated into editors running on more reasonably named operating systems - {Emacs} and {VI} being two. The problem with these editors is that Real Programmers consider "what you see is what you get" to be just as bad a concept in Text Editors as it is in women. No the Real Programmer wants a "you asked for it, you got it" text editor - complicated, cryptic, powerful, unforgiving, dangerous. TECO, to be precise. It has been observed that a TECO command sequence more closely resembles transmission line noise than readable text [4]. One of the more entertaining games to play with TECO is to type your name in as a command line and try to guess what it does. Just about any possible typing error while talking with TECO will probably destroy your program, or even worse - introduce subtle and mysterious bugs in a once working subroutine. For this reason, Real Programmers are reluctant to actually edit a program that is close to working. They find it much easier to just patch the binary {object code} directly, using a wonderful program called SUPERZAP (or its equivalent on non-IBM machines). This works so well that many working programs on IBM systems bear no relation to the original Fortran code. In many cases, the original source code is no longer available. When it comes time to fix a program like this, no manager would even think of sending anything less than a Real Programmer to do the job - no Quiche Eating structured programmer would even know where to start. This is called "job security". Some programming tools NOT used by Real Programmers: Fortran preprocessors like {MORTRAN} and {RATFOR}. The Cuisinarts of programming - great for making Quiche. See comments above on structured programming. Source language debuggers. Real Programmers can read core dumps. Compilers with array bounds checking. They stifle creativity, destroy most of the interesting uses for EQUIVALENCE, and make it impossible to modify the operating system code with negative subscripts. Worst of all, bounds checking is inefficient. Source code maintenance systems. A Real Programmer keeps his code locked up in a card file, because it implies that its owner cannot leave his important programs unguarded [5]. THE REAL PROGRAMMER AT WORK Where does the typical Real Programmer work? What kind of programs are worthy of the efforts of so talented an individual? You can be sure that no Real Programmer would be caught dead writing accounts-receivable programs in {COBOL}, or sorting {mailing lists} for People magazine. A Real Programmer wants tasks of earth-shaking importance (literally!). Real Programmers work for Los Alamos National Laboratory, writing atomic bomb simulations to run on Cray I supercomputers. Real Programmers work for the National Security Agency, decoding Russian transmissions. It was largely due to the efforts of thousands of Real Programmers working for NASA that our boys got to the moon and back before the Russkies. Real Programmers are at work for Boeing designing the operating systems for cruise missiles. Some of the most awesome Real Programmers of all work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. Many of them know the entire operating system of the Pioneer and Voyager spacecraft by heart. With a combination of large ground-based Fortran programs and small spacecraft-based assembly language programs, they are able to do incredible feats of navigation and improvisation - hitting ten-kilometer wide windows at Saturn after six years in space, repairing or bypassing damaged sensor platforms, radios, and batteries. Allegedly, one Real Programmer managed to tuck a pattern-matching program into a few hundred bytes of unused memory in a Voyager spacecraft that searched for, located, and photographed a new moon of Jupiter. The current plan for the Galileo spacecraft is to use a gravity assist trajectory past Mars on the way to Jupiter. This trajectory passes within 80 +/-3 kilometers of the surface of Mars. Nobody is going to trust a Pascal program (or a Pascal programmer) for navigation to these tolerances. As you can tell, many of the world's Real Programmers work for the U.S. Government - mainly the Defense Department. This is as it should be. Recently, however, a black cloud has formed on the Real Programmer horizon. It seems that some highly placed Quiche Eaters at the Defense Department decided that all Defense programs should be written in some grand unified language called "ADA" ((C), DoD). For a while, it seemed that ADA was destined to become a language that went against all the precepts of Real Programming - a language with structure, a language with data types, {strong typing}, and semicolons. In short, a language designed to cripple the creativity of the typical Real Programmer. Fortunately, the language adopted by DoD has enough interesting features to make it approachable -- it's incredibly complex, includes methods for messing with the operating system and rearranging memory, and Edsgar Dijkstra doesn't like it [6]. (Dijkstra, as I'm sure you know, was the author of "GoTos Considered Harmful" - a landmark work in programming methodology, applauded by Pascal programmers and Quiche Eaters alike.) Besides, the determined Real Programmer can write Fortran programs in any language. The Real Programmer might compromise his principles and work on something slightly more trivial than the destruction of life as we know it, providing there's enough money in it. There are several Real Programmers building video games at Atari, for example. (But not playing them - a Real Programmer knows how to beat the machine every time: no challenge in that.) Everyone working at LucasFilm is a Real Programmer. (It would be crazy to turn down the money of fifty million Star Trek fans.) The proportion of Real Programmers in Computer Graphics is somewhat lower than the norm, mostly because nobody has found a use for computer graphics yet. On the other hand, all computer graphics is done in Fortran, so there are a fair number of people doing graphics in order to avoid having to write COBOL programs. THE REAL PROGRAMMER AT PLAY Generally, the Real Programmer plays the same way he works - with computers. He is constantly amazed that his employer actually pays him to do what he would be doing for fun anyway (although he is careful not to express this opinion out loud). Occasionally, the Real Programmer does step out of the office for a breath of fresh air and a beer or two. Some tips on recognizing Real Programmers away from the computer room: At a party, the Real Programmers are the ones in the corner talking about operating system security and how to get around it. At a football game, the Real Programmer is the one comparing the plays against his simulations printed on 11 by 14 fanfold paper. At the beach, the Real Programmer is the one drawing flowcharts in the sand. At a funeral, the Real Programmer is the one saying "Poor George, he almost had the sort routine working before the coronary." In a grocery store, the Real Programmer is the one who insists on running the cans past the laser checkout scanner himself, because he never could trust keypunch operators to get it right the first time. THE REAL PROGRAMMER'S NATURAL HABITAT What sort of environment does the Real Programmer function best in? This is an important question for the managers of Real Programmers. Considering the amount of money it costs to keep one on the staff, it's best to put him (or her) in an environment where he can get his work done. The typical Real Programmer lives in front of a computer terminal. Surrounding this terminal are: Listings of all programs the Real Programmer has ever worked on, piled in roughly chronological order on every flat surface in the office. Some half-dozen or so partly filled cups of cold coffee. Occasionally, there will be cigarette butts floating in the coffee. In some cases, the cups will contain Orange Crush. Unless he is very good, there will be copies of the OS JCL manual and the Principles of Operation open to some particularly interesting pages. Taped to the wall is a line-printer Snoopy calendar for the year 1969. Strewn about the floor are several wrappers for peanut butter filled cheese bars - the type that are made pre-stale at the bakery so they can't get any worse while waiting in the vending machine. Hiding in the top left-hand drawer of the desk is a stash of double-stuff Oreos for special occasions. Underneath the Oreos is a flowcharting template, left there by the previous occupant of the office. (Real Programmers write programs, not documentation. Leave that to the maintenance people.) The Real Programmer is capable of working 30, 40, even 50 hours at a stretch, under intense pressure. In fact, he prefers it that way. Bad response time doesn't bother the Real Programmer - it gives him a chance to catch a little sleep between compiles. If there is not enough schedule pressure on the Real Programmer, he tends to make things more challenging by working on some small but interesting part of the problem for the first nine weeks, then finishing the rest in the last week, in two or three 50-hour marathons. This not only impresses the hell out of his manager, who was despairing of ever getting the project done on time, but creates a convenient excuse for not doing the documentation. In general: No Real Programmer works 9 to 5 (unless it's the ones at night). Real Programmers don't wear neckties. Real Programmers don't wear high-heeled shoes. Real Programmers arrive at work in time for lunch [9]. A Real Programmer might or might not know his wife's name. He does, however, know the entire {ASCII} (or EBCDIC) code table. Real Programmers don't know how to cook. Grocery stores aren't open at three in the morning. Real Programmers survive on Twinkies and coffee. THE FUTURE What of the future? It is a matter of some concern to Real Programmers that the latest generation of computer programmers are not being brought up with the same outlook on life as their elders. Many of them have never seen a computer with a front panel. Hardly anyone graduating from school these days can do hex arithmetic without a calculator. College graduates these days are soft - protected from the realities of programming by source level debuggers, text editors that count parentheses, and "user friendly" operating systems. Worst of all, some of these alleged "computer scientists" manage to get degrees without ever learning Fortran! Are we destined to become an industry of Unix hackers and Pascal programmers? From my experience, I can only report that the future is bright for Real Programmers everywhere. Neither OS 370 nor Fortran show any signs of dying out, despite all the efforts of Pascal programmers the world over. Even more subtle tricks, like adding structured coding constructs to Fortran have failed. Oh sure, some computer vendors have come out with Fortran 77 compilers, but every one of them has a way of converting itself back into a Fortran 66 compiler at the drop of an option card - to compile DO loops like God meant them to be. Even Unix might not be as bad on Real Programmers as it once was. The latest release of Unix has the potential of an operating system worthy of any Real Programmer - two different and subtly incompatible user interfaces, an arcane and complicated teletype driver, virtual memory. If you ignore the fact that it's "structured", even 'C' programming can be appreciated by the Real Programmer: after all, there's no type checking, variable names are seven (ten? eight?) characters long, and the added bonus of the Pointer data type is thrown in - like having the best parts of Fortran and assembly language in one place. (Not to mention some of the more creative uses for
RH (Remote Handled) Waste ::: TRU waste that 1) emits an external dose rate greater than 0.2 rem/hr (200 mrem/hr) and less than or equal to 1000 rem/hr. 2) has a relatively large quantity of beta and gamma emitting radionuclides with half lives typically 30 years or less. 3) requires shielding.
Sendmail Inc. ::: (company) The company, announced in November 1997 and launched in March 1998, created by Eric Allman, the original author of Sendmail. Allman is Chief Technology Officer, Greg Olson is President and CEO.Sendmail Inc. will sell commercial upgrades, service and support to Internet Service Providers and corporations running critical e-mail applications, while still continuing freeware development.Sun Microsystems founders Bill Joy and Andy Bechtolscheim are among the investors in the company, along with Tim O'Reilly of publishers O'Reilly & Associates and John Funk of e-mail company InfoBeat Inc..Allman said that he devoted the fist six months of the life of Sendmail Inc. to finalising the freeware release. A commercial version was due in summer 1998, at around $1000 per server. The company is expected to reach $40m annual sales within three years. Funding is in the region of $1.25m. .Address: Emeryville, California, USA. (1998-08-25)
Sendmail Inc. "company" The company, announced in November 1997 and launched in March 1998, created by {Eric Allman}, the original author of {Sendmail}. Allman is Chief Technology Officer, {Greg Olson} is President and CEO. Sendmail Inc. will sell commercial upgrades, service and support to {Internet Service Providers} and corporations running critical {e-mail} applications, while still continuing {freeware} development. {Sun Microsystems} founders {Bill Joy} and Andy Bechtolscheim are among the investors in the company, along with Tim O'Reilly of publishers O'Reilly & Associates and John Funk of e-mail company {InfoBeat Inc.}. Allman said that he devoted the fist six months of the life of Sendmail Inc. to finalising the freeware release. A commercial version was due in summer 1998, at around $1000 per server. The company is expected to reach $40m annual sales within three years. Funding is in the region of $1.25m. {(http://sendmail.com/)}. Address: Emeryville, California, USA. (1998-08-25)
SI prefix "unit, standard" The {standard} metric prefixes used in the {Système International d'Unités} (SI) conventions for scientific measurement. Here are the SI magnifying prefixes, along with the corresponding binary interpretations in common use: prefix abr decimal binary yocto- 1000^-8 zepto- 1000^-7 atto- 1000^-6 femto- f 1000^-5 pico- p 1000^-4 nano- n 1000^-3 micro- * 1000^-2 * Abbreviation: Greek mu milli- m 1000^-1 kilo- k 1000^1 1024^1 = 2^10 = 1,024 mega- M 1000^2 1024^2 = 2^20 = 1,048,576 giga- G 1000^3 1024^3 = 2^30 = 1,073,741,824 tera- T 1000^4 1024^4 = 2^40 = 1,099,511,627,776 peta- 1000^5 1024^5 = 2^50 = 1,125,899,906,842,624 exa- 1000^6 1024^6 = 2^60 = 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 zetta- 1000^7 1024^7 = 2^70 = 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 yotta- 1000^8 1024^8 = 2^80 = 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 "Femto" and "atto" derive not from Greek but from Danish. The abbreviated forms of these prefixes are common in electronics and physics. When used with bytes of storage, these prefixes usually denote multiplication by powers of 1024 = 2^10 (K, M, G and T are common in computing). Thus "MB" stands for megabytes (2^20 bytes). This common practice goes against the edicts of the {BIPM} who deprecate the use of these prefixes for powers of two. The formal SI prefix for 1000 is lower case "k"; some, including this dictionary, use this strictly, reserving upper case "K" for multiplication by 1024 (KB is thus "kilobytes"). Also, in data transfer rates the prefixes stand for powers of ten so, for example, 28.8 kb/s means 28,800 bits per second. The unit is often dropped so one may talk of "a 40K salary" (40000 dollars) or "2 meg of disk space" (2*2^20 bytes). The accepted pronunciation of the initial G of "giga-" is hard, /gi'ga/. Confusing 1000 and 1024 (or other powers of 2 and 10 close in magnitude) - for example, describing a memory in units of 500K or 524K instead of 512K - is a sure sign of the {marketroid}. For example, 3.5" {microfloppies} are often described as storing "1.44 MB". In fact, this is completely specious. The correct size is 1440 KB = 1440 * 1024 = 1474560 bytes. Alas, this point is probably lost on the world forever. In 1993, hacker Morgan Burke proposed, to general approval on {Usenet}, the following additional prefixes: groucho (10^-30), harpo (10^-27), harpi (10^27), grouchi (10^30). This would leave the prefixes zeppo-, gummo-, and chico- available for future expansion. Sadly, there is little immediate prospect that Mr. Burke's eminently sensible proposal will be ratified. (2009-09-01)
slap on the side (Also called a {sidecar}, or abbreviated "SOTS"). A type of external expansion hardware marketed by computer manufacturers (e.g. {Commodore} for the {Amiga} 500/1000 series and {IBM} for the hideous failure called {IBM PCjr}). Various SOTS boxes provided necessities such as memory, hard drive controllers, and conventional expansion slots. [{Jargon File}]
speech recognition ::: (application) (Or voice recognition) The identification of spoken words by a machine. The spoken words are digitised (turned into sequence of numbers) and matched against coded dictionaries in order to identify the words.Most systems must be trained, requiring samples of all the actual words that will be spoken by the user of the system. The sample words are digitised, stored incoming words. Yet other systems aim to be speaker-independent, i.e. they will recognise words in their vocabulary from any speaker without training.Another variation is the degree with which systems can cope with connected speech. People tend to run words together, e.g. next week becomes neksweek connected speech it must take into account the way words are modified by the preceding and following words.It has been said (in 1994) that computers will need to be something like 1000 times faster before large vocabulary (a few thousand words), speaker-independent, connected speech voice recognition will be feasible. (1995-05-05)
speech recognition "application" (Or voice recognition) The identification of spoken words by a machine. The spoken words are digitised (turned into sequence of numbers) and matched against coded dictionaries in order to identify the words. Most systems must be "trained," requiring samples of all the actual words that will be spoken by the user of the system. The sample words are digitised, stored in the computer and used to match against future words. More sophisticated systems require voice samples, but not of every word. The system uses the voice samples in conjunction with dictionaries of larger vocabularies to match the incoming words. Yet other systems aim to be "speaker-independent", i.e. they will recognise words in their vocabulary from any speaker without training. Another variation is the degree with which systems can cope with connected speech. People tend to run words together, e.g. "next week" becomes "neksweek" (the "t" is dropped). For a voice recognition system to identify words in connected speech it must take into account the way words are modified by the preceding and following words. It has been said (in 1994) that computers will need to be something like 1000 times faster before large vocabulary (a few thousand words), speaker-independent, connected speech voice recognition will be feasible. (1995-05-05)
SPL ::: 1. Synchronous Programming Language. A DSP language. Introduction to the SPL Compiler, Computalker Consultants, 1986.2. Space Programming Language. Realtime language used by the US Air Force for aerospace software. Aka SPL/J6. Similar to JOVIAL. Space Programming Language Development, SAMSO TP 70-325, System Development Corp (Sep 1970). (See CLASP).3. System Programming Language. HP, 1977. An ALGOL-like language for the HP3000 computer allowing inline assembly code. MPE, the OS for the HP3000 was written in SPL. Pub.No.30000-90024, HP. See also SPLash!.4. Systems Programming Language.PRIME Computer, 80's. A variant of PL/I used on PRIME computers. PL/I subset G, less I/O plus a few extensions. SPL User's Reference Guide, Prime. (See PL/P.)5. Systems Programming Language.A PL/I subset/extension for the P1000.D.B. Wortman, U Toronto.Philips Data Sys, Netherlands, 1971.Symbolic constants, pointer arithmetic, inline assembly code. Used to implement compilers, operating systems, and database.[Experiences With SPL, J. Klunder in Machine Oriented Higher Level Languages, W. van der Poel, N-H 1974, pp. 385-393].[Can 4 and 5 be the same?]6. Student Programming Language.A translator-interpreter for a dialect of PL/I.7. Set Priority Level[Jargon File] (1995-02-07)
SPL 1. Synchronous Programming Language. A DSP language. "Introduction to the SPL Compiler", Computalker Consultants, 1986. 2. Space Programming Language. Realtime language used by the US Air Force for aerospace software. Aka SPL/J6. Similar to JOVIAL. "Space Programming Language Development", SAMSO TP 70-325, System Development Corp (Sep 1970). (See CLASP). 3. System Programming Language. HP, 1977. An ALGOL-like language for the HP3000 computer allowing inline assembly code. MPE, the OS for the HP3000 was written in SPL. Pub.No.30000-90024, HP. See also {SPLash!}. 4. Systems Programming Language. PRIME Computer, 80's. A variant of PL/I used on PRIME computers. PL/I subset G, less I/O plus a few extensions. SPL User's Reference Guide, Prime. (See PL/P.) 5. Systems Programming Language. A PL/I subset/extension for the P1000. D.B. Wortman, U Toronto. Philips Data Sys, Netherlands, 1971. Symbolic constants, pointer arithmetic, inline assembly code. Used to implement compilers, operating systems, and database. ["Experiences With SPL", J. Klunder in Machine Oriented Higher Level Languages, W. van der Poel, N-H 1974, pp. 385-393]. [Can 4 and 5 be the same?] 6. Student Programming Language. A translator-interpreter for a dialect of {PL/I}. 7. {Set Priority Level} [{Jargon File}] (1995-02-07)
SQLWindows "programming, product" A package used to graphically develop {MS-Windows} {client-server} applications. Sold by {Gupta} Corporation. {(http://wji.com/gupta/w1000030.html)}. {Demos FTP (ftp://wji.com/gupta/sqlw.demodisk/)}. (1995-07-05)
ST-506 "storage" The first full-height 5.25 inch {hard disk drive} for {personal computers}, introduced in 1980 by Shugart Technology (now {Seagate Technology}). The ST-506 stored up to 5 {megabtyes} after {formatting} using {MFM encoding}. It transferred data at 625 {kilobytes per second}. The ST-506 (like the {ST-412}) was interfaced to a computer via a {disk controller}. The interface was a faster version of the Shugart Associates {SA1000} interface, which was in turn based upon the {floppy disk drive} interface. Two cables connected the controller to the disk. The 34-pin control cable controlled mechanical motion and data was read or written serially using two pins of the 20-pin data cable. Other companies copied the interface, creating a universal {de facto standard} that was further strengthened by its revision to support Seagate's 10 MB ST-412 drive that was adopted for the {IBM PC XT}. Around 1990, {SCSI} and {ATA} superseded ST-506. These eliminated the problems of matching controllers to drives by physically integrating a controller with the drive, allowing {interleave ratios} and other disk parameters to be optimised by the manufacturer rather than the system integrator. {Connector pin-out (http://www.gamesx.com/hwb/co_ST506.html)}. (2007-03-06)
Système International d'Unités "unit, standard" (SI - International System of Units) The standard set of units of measurement set by the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960. There are seven base units: the {metre} (length), the {kilogram} (mass), the {second} (time), the {ampere} (electrical current), the kelvin (temperature), the mole (number of atoms) and the candela (luminous intensity). These are defined either in terms of physical properties such as the speed of light or, in the case of mass, by a "prototype" lump of platinum-iridium kept at {BIPM}. Derived units like meters per second (speed) are formed by combining base units. SI also specifies a list of {prefixes} (multipliers like "k" for 1000). {SI Home (http://www.bipm.org/en/si/)}. (2014-07-08)
Syst�me International d'Units ::: (unit, standard) (SI - International System of Units) The standard set of units of measurement set by the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures Derived units like meters per second (speed) are formed by combining base units. SI also specifies a list of prefixes (multipliers like k for 1000). .(2005-02-22)
terabyte "unit, data" (TB) A unit of {data} equal to one trillion {bytes}. A terabyte is 10^12 bytes or 1000^4 bytes or 1000 {gigabytes}. A {terabyte} is roughly the amount of data in 117 {DVDs} (at 8.5 {gigabytes} each). 1000 terabytes are one {petabyte}. (Note the spelling - one 'r'). See {prefix}. (2013-11-03)
The 18 major purānas, probably written around 300 to 1000
The_current_price ::: is the actual selling price of a security trading on an exchange, as well as the most recent price of a security listed in an investment portfolio. In the case of a bond, a bond's current price will often be quoted as 10% of the par value of $1000. A bond that currently trades at $99 is really priced at $990. Current price also refers to the present price of a stock, currency, commodity, stamps or a precious metal.
Thinking Machines Corporation "company" The company that introduced the {Connection Machine parallel computer} ca 1984. Four of the world's ten most powerful {supercomputers} are Connection Machines. Thinking Machines is the leader in scalable computing, with software and applications running on parallel systems ranging from 16 to 1024 processors. In developing the Connection Machine system, Thinking Machines also did pioneering work in parallel software. The 1993 technical applications market for massively parallel systems was approximately $310 million, of which Thinking Machines Corporation held a 29 percent share. Thinking Machines planned to become a software provider by 1996, by which time the parallel computing market was expected to have grown to $2 billion. Thinking Machines Corporation has 200 employees and offices worldwide. Address: 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1264, USA. Telephone: +1 (617) 234 1000. Fax: +1 (617) 234 4444. (1994-12-01)
Thinking Machines Corporation ::: (company) The company that introduced the Connection Machine parallel computer ca 1984. Four of the world's ten most powerful supercomputers are processors. In developing the Connection Machine system, Thinking Machines also did pioneering work in parallel software.The 1993 technical applications market for massively parallel systems was approximately $310 million, of which Thinking Machines Corporation held a 29 by which time the parallel computing market was expected to have grown to $2 billion.Thinking Machines Corporation has 200 employees and offices worldwide.Address: 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1264, USA. Telephone: +1 (617) 234 1000. Fax: +1 (617) 234 4444. (1994-12-01)
thousand ::: 1. Something represented by, representing, or consisting of 1000 units. 2. Often used to denote a large amount. thousands, thousand-hooded, thousand-pillared, thousand-voiced.
Tianxizai. (J. Tensokusai; K. Ch'onsikchae 天息災) (d. 1000). Kashmiri monk-translator, who arrived in China in 980. While residing at a cloister to the west of the imperial monastery of Taiping-Xingguosi in Yuanzhou (present-day Jiangxi province), he translated (sometimes working in collaboration with DĀNAPĀLA and Fatian) seventeen MAHĀYĀNA and prototantric scriptures into Chinese, including the BODHICARYĀVATĀRA, KĀRAndAVYuHA, AlpāksarāprajNāpāramitāsutra, Āyusparyantasutra, (Ārya)Tārābhattarikāyanāmāstottarasataka, Māricīdhāranī, and the MANJUsRĪMuLAKALPA.
tonne: A metric unit of mass of 1000 kilograms. It is sometimes called metric tonne to verbally distinguish it from the ton
Total cost of ownership (TCO) - The real amount an asset will cost. Example: An accounting application retails at $1000. Support - which is mandatory, costs a further $200 per annum. Assuming the software will be in use for 5 years, TCO will be $2000 (1000+5x200=2000).
TRS-80 ::: (computer) A series of personal computers sold by Tandy Radio Shack. The '80' refers to the use of Zilog Z-80 processor (NOT Intel 80x8x).There were 7.5 computers in the TRS-80 line: Models I, II, III, 4, 100, 102, 200. The Model 4P was a portable version of the Model 4 with no tape drive -- only 2 1/2-height single sided disk drives.Later models that Radio Shack produced were not TRS-80 machines -- they were based on the Intel 80x8x architecture. These included Tandy 1000, Tandy 2000, didn't build a computer based on this chip, it failed. It was used to design a boat for the America's Cup.The TRS-80 GUI, DeskMate, was proprietary, but no more than Windoze at the time.Many joke about TRaSh-80 machines but several models were in fact classics of their time. (1996-02-18)
TRS-80 "computer" A series of {personal computers} sold by {Tandy Radio Shack}. The '80' refers to the use of {Zilog Z-80} processor (NOT {Intel 80x8x}). There were 7.5 computers in the TRS-80 line: Models I, II, III, 4, 100, 102, 200. The Model 4P was a portable version of the Model 4 with no tape drive -- only 2 1/2-height single sided disk drives. Later models that Radio Shack produced were not TRS-80 machines -- they were based on the {Intel 80x8x} architecture. These included Tandy 1000, Tandy 2000, Tandy 3000, and others. The 1000 had a proprietary Color card. The 2000 was a powerful machine for its time, but was based on the {Intel 80186}, so when {IBM} didn't build a computer based on this chip, it failed. It was used to design a boat for the America's Cup. The TRS-80 {GUI}, DeskMate, was proprietary, but no more than {Windoze} at the time. Many joke about "{TRaSh-80}" machines but several models were in fact classics of their time. (1996-02-18)
University of Durham ::: (body, education) A busy research and teaching community in the historic cathedral city of Durham, UK (population 61000). Its work covers key branches of a major employer, the University contributes in a wide social and economic sense to the community.Founded in 1832, the University developed in Durham and Newcastle until 1963 when the independent University of Newcastle upon Tyne came into being. Durham launched University College, Stockton-on-Tees, which has 190 students in the first year. . (1995-03-17)
University of Durham "body, education" A busy research and teaching community in the historic cathedral city of Durham, UK (population 61000). Its work covers key branches of science and technology and traditional areas of scholarship. Durham graduates are in great demand among employers and the University helps to attract investment into the region. It provides training, short courses, and expertise for industry. Through its cultural events, conferences, tourist business and as a major employer, the University contributes in a wide social and economic sense to the community. Founded in 1832, the University developed in Durham and Newcastle until 1963 when the independent University of Newcastle upon Tyne came into being. Durham is a collegiate body, with 14 Colleges or Societies which are a social and domestic focus for students. In 1992, the Universities of Durham and Teesside launched University College, Stockton-on-Tees, which has 190 students in the first year. {(http://dur.ac.uk/)}. (1995-03-17)
University of Edinburgh ::: (body, education) A university in the centre of Scotland's capital. The University of Edinburgh has been promoting and setting standards in education Council of Edinburgh, making it the first post-Reformation university in Scotland, and the first civic university to be established in the British Isles.Known in its early years as King James College, or the Tounis (Town's) College, the University soon established itself internationally, and by the 18th century perspective, has kept Edinburgh at the forefront of new research and teaching developments whilst enabling it to retain a uniquely Scottish character.Edinburgh's academics are at the forefront of developments in the study and application of languages, medicine, micro-electronics, biotechnology, University precincts of many independently-funded, but closely linked, national research institutes .Address: Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9YL, UK.Telephone: +44 (131) 650 1000.See also ABSET, ABSYS, Alice, ASL+, Baroque, C++Linda, Cogent Prolog, COWSEL, Echidna, Edinburgh Prolog, Edinburgh SML, EdML, ELLIS, ELSIE, ESLPDPRO, Extended POPLER, Prolog, Prolog-2, Prolog-Linda, Scheme-Linda, Skel-ML, Standard ML, Sticks&Stones, supercombinators, SWI-Prolog, tail recursion modulo cons, WPOP. (1995-12-29)
University of Edinburgh "body, education" A university in the centre of Scotland's capital. The University of Edinburgh has been promoting and setting standards in education for over 400 years. Granted its Royal Charter in 1582 by James VI, the son of Mary Queen of Scots, the University was founded the following year by the Town Council of Edinburgh, making it the first post-Reformation university in Scotland, and the first civic university to be established in the British Isles. Known in its early years as King James College, or the Tounis (Town's) College, the University soon established itself internationally, and by the 18th century Edinburgh was a leading centre of the European Enlightenment and one of the continent's principal universities. The University's close relationship with the city in which it is based, coupled with a forward-looking, international perspective, has kept Edinburgh at the forefront of new research and teaching developments whilst enabling it to retain a uniquely Scottish character. Edinburgh's academics are at the forefront of developments in the study and application of languages, medicine, micro-electronics, biotechnology, computer-based disciplines and many other subjects. Edinburgh's standing as a world centre for research is further enhanced by the presence on and around University precincts of many independently-funded, but closely linked, national research institutes {(http://ed.ac.uk/)}. Address: Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9YL, UK. Telephone: +44 (131) 650 1000. See also {ABSET}, {ABSYS}, {Alice}, {ASL+}, {Baroque}, {C++Linda}, {Cogent Prolog}, {COWSEL}, {Echidna}, {Edinburgh Prolog}, {Edinburgh SML}, {EdML}, {ELLIS}, {ELSIE}, {ESLPDPRO}, {Extended ML}, {Hope}, {IMP}, {LCF}, {Lisp-Linda}, {Marseille Prolog}, {metalanguage}, {MIKE}, {ML}, {ML Kit}, {ML-Linda}, {Multipop-68}, {Nuprl}, {Oblog}, {paraML}, {Pascal-Linda}, {POP-1}, {POP-2}, {POPLER}, {Prolog}, {Prolog-2}, {Prolog-Linda}, {Scheme-Linda}, {Skel-ML}, {Standard ML}, {Sticks&Stones}, {supercombinators}, {SWI-Prolog}, {tail recursion modulo cons}, {WPOP}. (1995-12-29)
V.24 ::: (standard) The ITU-T standard defining interchange circuits between DTE and DCE. V.24 is the ITU-T equivalent of EIA standard EIA-232C, though V.24 only specifies the meaning of the signals, not the connector or the voltages used.V.24 recommends 12 modem carrier frequencies that will not interfere with Dual Tone Multi-Frequency or other telephone control tones. These are: GROUP A = 920 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1080 Hz, 1160 HzGROUP B = 1320 Hz, 1400 Hz, 1480 Hz, 1560 Hz (2004-08-02)
V.24 "standard" The {ITU-T} {standard} defining interchange circuits between {DTE} and {DCE}. V.24 is the {ITU-T} equivalent of {EIA} standard {EIA-232C}, though V.24 only specifies the meaning of the signals, not the connector or the voltages used. V.24 recommends 12 {modem} {carrier} frequencies that will not interfere with {Dual Tone Multi-Frequency} or other telephone control tones. These are: GROUP A = 920 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1080 Hz, 1160 Hz GROUP B = 1320 Hz, 1400 Hz, 1480 Hz, 1560 Hz Group C = 1720 Hz, 1800 Hz, 1880 Hz, 1960 Hz (2004-08-02)
Veda, plural Vedas: (Skr. knowledge) Collectively the ancient voluminous, sacred literature of India (in bulk prior to 1000 B.C.), composed of Rigveda (hymns to gods), Samaveda (priests' chants), Yajurveda (sacrificial formulae), and Atharvaveda (magical chants), which among theosophic speculations contain the first philosophic insights. Generally recognized as an authority even in philosophy, extended and supplemented later by sutras (q.v.) and various accessory textbooks on grammar, astronomy, medicine, etc., called Vedangas ("members of the Veda") and the philosophical treatises, such as the Upanishads (q.v.). -- K.F.L.
Vedas, dating from 1000 BC, consisting of spells, prayers, charms, and hymns &
Vedas, dating from between 1400-1000 BC, consisting of formulas &
Veda: The generic name for the most ancient sacred literature of the Hindus, consisting of the four collections called (1) Rig Veda, hymns to gods, (2) Sama Veda, priests’ chants, (3) Yajur Veda, sacrificial formulae in prose, and (4) Atharva Veda, magical chants; each Veda is divided into two broad divisions, viz. (1) Mantra, hymns, and (2) Brahmana, precepts, which include (a) Aranyakas, theology, and (b) Upanishads, philosophy; the Vedas are classified as revealed literature; they contain the first philosophical insights and are regarded as the final authority; tradition makes Vyasa the compiler and arranger of the Vedas in their present form; the Vedic period is conservatively estimated to have begun about 1500 to 1000 B.C.
wardialer ::: (security) Almost certainly a shortened version of WarGames dialer, from the film WarGames.1. carrier scanner2. A program which attempts to break a password of known length by iterating thru all possible combinations of characters that could make up that password.This approach is not feasable for cracking most passwords these days. However, as late as the mid-1980s, some long-distance companies required only very short long-distance providers' local connect numbers and iteratively try possible access codes. Codes which worked were logged for later illicit use.These wardialers had a high success rate because of the small range of possibilities to iterate through, e.g. 10000 for a five digit access code, compared to hundreds of trillions of combinations for an eight-character alphanumeric code.Long-distance providers soon required longer passwords and took advantage of technology for rapidly tracing the phone numbers that wardialers were being run from, such that running wardialers became pointless and dangerous. (1997-03-16)
wardialer "security" Almost certainly a shortened version of "WarGames dialer", from the film {WarGames}. 1. {carrier scanner} 2. A program which attempts to break a {password} of known length by iterating thru all possible combinations of characters that could make up that password. This approach is not feasable for cracking most passwords these days. However, as late as the mid-1980s, some long-distance companies required only very short numeric access codes (e.g. five digits) to verify the identity of their customers. Wardialers were created which would, running unattended, call up long-distance providers' local connect numbers and iteratively try possible access codes. Codes which worked were logged for later illicit use. These wardialers had a high success rate because of the small range of possibilities to iterate through, e.g. 10000 for a five digit access code, compared to hundreds of trillions of combinations for an eight-character alphanumeric code. Long-distance providers soon required longer passwords and took advantage of technology for rapidly tracing the phone numbers that wardialers were being run from, such that running wardialers became pointless and dangerous. (1997-03-16)
wavelength division multiplexing "communications" (WDM) {Multiplexing} several {Optical Carrier n} signals on a single {optical fibre} by using different wavelengths (colours) of {laser} light to carry different signals. The device that joins the signals together is known as a {multiplexor}, and the one that splits them apart is a {demultiplexor}. With the right type of fibre you can have a device that does both and that ought to be called a "mudem" but isn't. The first WDM systems combined two signals and appeared around 1985. Modern systems can handle up to 128 signals and can expand a basic 9.6 {Gbps} fibre system to a capacity of over 1000 Gbps. WDM systems are popular with telecommunications companies because they allow them to expand the capacity of their fibre networks without digging up the road again. All they have to do is to upgrade the (de)multiplexors at each end. However these systems are expensive and complicated to run. There is currently no {standard}, which makes it awkward to integrate with older but more standard {SONET} systems. Note that this term applies to an optical {carrier} (which is typically described by its wavelength), whereas {frequency division multiplexing} typically applies to a {radio} carrier (which is more often described by frequency). However, since wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional, and since radio and light are both forms of electromagnetic radiation, the distinction is somewhat arbitrary. See also {time division multiplexing}, {code division multiplexing}. [Is "wave division multiplexing", as in "dense wave division multiplexing" (DWDM) just a trendy abbreviation?] (2002-07-16)
wavelength division multiplexing ::: (communications) (WDM) Multiplexing several Optical Carrier n signals on a single optical fibre by using different wavelengths (colours) of laser light to carry different signals.The device that joins the signals together is known as a multiplexor, and the one that splits them apart is a demultiplexor. With the right type of fibre you can have a device that does both and that ought to be called a mudem but isn't.The first WDM systems combined two signals and appeared around 1985. Modern systems can handle up to 128 signals and can expand a basic 9.6 Gbps fibre system to a capacity of over 1000 Gbps.WDM systems are popular with telecommunications companies because they allow them to expand the capacity of their fibre networks without digging up the road no standard, which makes it awkward to integrate with older but more standard SONET systems.Note that this term applies to an optical carrier (which is typically described by its wavelength), whereas frequency division multiplexing typically applies to are both forms of electromagnetic radiation, the distinction is somewhat arbitrary.See also time division multiplexing, code division multiplexing.[Is wave division multiplexing, as in dense wave division multiplexing (DWDM) just a trendy abbreviation?](2002-07-16)
yottabyte "unit, data" (YB) A unit of {data} equal to 10^24 {bytes} but see {binary prefix} for other definitions. A yottabyte is 1000^8 bytes or 1000 {zettabytes}. It is estimated that the {web} contains about one yottabyte of data (2013). 1000 yottabytes has been called one {brontobyte}. See {prefix}. (2013-11-04)
zettabyte "unit, data" (ZB) A unit of {data} equal to 10^21 {bytes} but see {binary prefix} for other definitions. A zetabyte is 1000^7 bytes or 1000 {exabytes}. 1000 zettabytes are one {yottabyte}. See {prefix}. (2013-11-04)
KEYS (10k)
1 Jordan Peterson
1 Sri Ramakrishna
NEW FULL DB (2.4M)
12 Anonymous
4 James Altucher
4 Israelmore Ayivor
3 Mata Amritanandamayi
3 Mark Hitchcock
2 Thomas A Edison
2 Narendra Modi
2 Johnny B Truant
2 John D Barrow
2 Emily Dickinson
2 Edgar Allan Poe
2 Brian Greene
1:If your mind is soaked in the pleasure of worldly things, in "lust & greed"then God-Consciousness will not be kindled in you. You may try a 1000 times, but your efforts will be futile. But no sooner does attachment to worldly pleasure dry up than the spark of God flashes forth ~ Sri Ramakrishna, #KEYS
2:Bryan Del Monte (Author | Entrepreneur | Advertising & Marketing Expert | bryandelmonte.com)Answered April 26, 2016
That's like asking - what's considered a good day... it's so broad it depends.
That said, here's some realities about website traffic generally...
Under 10K unique visitors a month, it's very hard to draw any meaningful conclusions from your analytics. You're just way too small.
Around 100K a month, you'll be able to really spot some decent trends in your analytics that will allow you to make better content...
If you're drawing a million unique visitors a year, you're rapidly approaching the top 2% of all websites in the world.
If you're at 5-10M a year in unique visitors, you're a name brand site in your niche that is routinely visited. It also means you probably have 1000's of articls that are drawing a few hundred visits a month through SEO.
To be in the top 1/2 1% - you need to draw over 10M unique views a month. If you're at that level... you're on the level of Drudge, Facebook, Amazon, Pintrest, Twitter, etc...
Most websites have less than 3000 visitors a month... and by most I mean like 98%.
Putting all the aggregate stuff aside, here are some things to think about:
New/Returning matters. Do people find your content useful or not? Anything under 80% is a win... which is the average bounce rate.
A thousand true fans can lead to a successful website - it's not all about aggregate stats. (see Kevin Kelly's post - The Technium: 1,000 True Fans ~ Bryan Del Monte, Quora,#KEYS
*** WISDOM TROVE ***
1:The journey with a 1000 miles begins with one step. ~ confucius, @wisdomtrove 2:If you can't sell to 1 in 1000, why market to a million? ~ seth-godin, @wisdomtrove 3:If you can’t sell to 1 in 1000, why market to a million? ~ seth-godin, @wisdomtrove 4:I didn't fail 1000 times. The light bulb was an invention with 1000 steps. ~ thomas-edison, @wisdomtrove 5:When you begin a task, identify the target you must reach before you can stop working. For example, when working on a book, you could decide not to get up until you’ve written at least 1000 words. Hit your target no matter what. ~ steve-pavlina, @wisdomtrove 6:Children, if we can do archana of the 1000 Names of the Divine Mother daily with devotion, we will grow spiritually. There will never be lack of life's essentials, food and clothing, in a family that chants the 1000 Names with devotion. ~ mata-amritanandamayi, @wisdomtrove 7:Ceux qui revent eveilles ont conscience de 1000 choses qui echapent a ceux qui ne revent qu'endormis. The one who has day dream are aware of 1000 things that the one who dreams only when he sleeps will never understand. (it sounds better in french, I do what I can with my translation... ) ~ edgar-allan-poe, @wisdomtrove 8:In the beginning, not everyone may be able to clearly repeat every mantra in the 1000 Names. In that case, everyone can respond to the chants with just one mantra. While chanting the 1000 Names, the response may be & 9:Children, set aside at least half an hour in the morning and in the evening for spiritual practices. After bathing in the morning, a family should sit together and worship. Archana may be performed by chanting the 108 or 1000 Names of Devi or our chosen deity. We can also chant our mantra, meditate or sing hymns at this time. ~ mata-amritanandamayi, @wisdomtrove 10:We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty... All this will not be finished in the first 100 days. Nor will it be finished in the first 1000 days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin... And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you - ask what you can do for your country. ~ john-f-kennedy, @wisdomtrove *** NEWFULLDB 2.4M ***
1:One Original Thought is worth 1000 Meaningless Quotes. ~ Banksy, #NFDB
2:The journey with a 1000 miles begins with one step. ~ Confucius, #NFDB
3:If you can't sell to 1 in 1000, why market to a million? ~ Seth Godin, #NFDB
4:Read. Read 1000 pages for every 1 page that you write. ~ Sherman Alexie, #NFDB
5:I didn't fail 1000 times. The light bulb was an invention with 1000 steps. ~ Thomas A Edison, #NFDB
6:kiss 1000 with Poppymin.
When she returned home.
My heart completely burst. ~ Tillie Cole,#NFDB
7:Just like a picture is worth 1000 words, a camera phone is worth 1000 cell phones! ~ Philippe Kahn, #NFDB
8:Sometimes I think the Most High believes I can shoulder the weight of 1000 stars. ~ Brandi L Bates, #NFDB
9:I'd rather make a show 100 people need to see, than a show that 1000 people want to see. ~ Joss Whedon, #NFDB
10:Absolutely. There are a 1000 better coaches in the cities, but I'm the best in the country. ~ Lou Holtz, #NFDB
11:Writing 1000 words is only daunting if you haven't written them. When you're done, it's pie. ~ Selena Blake, #NFDB
12:A picture may describe a 1000 words but it will often need 1000 words to describe a picture. ~ Chloe Thurlow, #NFDB
13:When I started emceein', you had 500 maybe 1000 rappers in the whole world. Now there's 1.000.000, nahmean? ~ RZA, #NFDB
14:One becomes a beginner after 1000 days of training. One becomes a master after 10,000 days of practice. ~ Mas Oyama, #NFDB
15:Yahudiler, İÖ 1000’li yılların başından itibaren zengin ve etkili bir devlet haline gelmeye başladılar. ~ Anonymous, #NFDB
16:Yesterday I staked off the ground on the hill for an orchard. I want to get 1000 apple trees agrowing. ~ Ezra Cornell, #NFDB
17:In life you can fall down 1000 times but the point is to have the willingness to stand up and to start again. ~ Jose Mujica, #NFDB
18:Year after year, my eyes would scan the lunchroom like a T-1000, searching for a clique that might accept me. ~ Ernest Cline, #NFDB
19:I will not say I failed 1000 times, I will say that I discovered there are 1000 ways that can cause failure ~ Thomas A Edison, #NFDB
20:A journey of 1000 miles begins with a single step - Successful people are always looking for opportunities to help others. ~ Laozi, #NFDB
21:Classroom libraries are not 25 copies of 5 books. Classroom libraries are 1000-2000 copies of different books. ~ Richard Allington, #NFDB
22:I started Dell 28 yrs ago with $1000. Revenues in 1984 were $6 million. Last year $62.1 billion. Impossible is nothing. ~ Michael Dell, #NFDB
23:The old saying holds. Owe your banker 1000 and you are at his mercy; owe him 1 million and the position is reversed. ~ John Maynard Keynes, #NFDB
24:Our most exciting discoveries come from studying anomalies. The once-in-1000 occurrence is worth getting detail on. ~ Michael J Silverstein, #NFDB
25:In fact, among the 1000 titles which I have recorded in the past 35 years, there are less than 10% of classical titles. ~ Richard Clayderman, #NFDB
26:The sixteenth-century scholar, O’Flaherty, fixes the Milesian invasion of Ireland at about 1000 B. C. — the time of Solomon. ~ Seumas MacManus, #NFDB
27:40% of people who graduate college never read a book again. If you are in the remaining 60% you are 1000× ahead of everyone else. ~ James Altucher, #NFDB
28:Junior writers $300; Minor poets—$500 a week; Broken novelists—$850-1000; One play dramatists—$1500; Sucks—$2000. Wits—$2500. ~ F Scott Fitzgerald, #NFDB
29:Ho, J., & Dempsey, M. (2010). Viral marketing: motivations to forward online content. Journal of Business Research, 63 (9-10), 1000-1006 ~ Anonymous, #NFDB
30:If I say something about David [Bowie], I get 1000 tweets, if I say something about my business just a few! The more personal, the better. ~ Iman Abdulmajid, #NFDB
31:A monitor, processor, and keyboard stood separately on the floor — an old Tandy 1000 with the letters and numbers worn completely off the keys. ~ Blake Crouch, #NFDB
32:Our entire study of brown hyenas was restricted to chance meetings with them on a narrow ribbon of riverbed grassland no more than 1000 yards across. ~ Delia Owens, #NFDB
33:Shifting Lucy to his shoulder, he began to rock without moving his feet, a movement new to him but as old as fire and having the grace of 1000 years. ~ Kim Harrison, #NFDB
34:There are 18,500 villages in the country where electricity is yet to reach. We want to ensure these villages are electrified within the next 1000 days. ~ Narendra Modi, #NFDB
35:One big blow can hit and destroy any strong door in front of you. As for the 1000 feeble blows, they can’t even remove the cobwebs. Courage is the key. ~ Israelmore Ayivor, #NFDB
36:Music possesses much richer means of expression and it is a more subtle medium for translating the 1000 shifting moments of the feelings of the soul. ~ Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, #NFDB
37:Dealing with a simple burglary can require 1000 process steps and 70 forms to be completed as a case goes through the Criminal Justice System. That can't be right. ~ Theresa May, #NFDB
38:We regard those other cultures such as that of India, where many people live and believe and behave much as they did 1000 or 2000 years ago - as "undeveloped". ~ Arthur Erickson, #NFDB
39:Write 1000 words a day. That's only about four pages, but force yourself to do it. Put your finger down your throat and throw up. That's what writing's all about. ~ Ray Bradbury, #NFDB
40:When you take a photo at 1/1000 of a second, the moment can become an eternal fact, an eternal moment. So we have a philosophical problem of objectivity and subjectivity. ~ Eikoh Hosoe, #NFDB
41:Making a million dollars is the simplest thing in the world. Just find a product that sells for $2000 and that you can buy at a cost of $1000, and sell a thousand of them. ~ Jerry Gillies, #NFDB
42:The way I see it, gold is headed over $1000 an ounce, probably much higher. At anywhere near current prices, it's the lowest risk, highest potential investment I can think of. ~ Doug Casey, #NFDB
43:It's only "single steps" that make a journey of 1000 miles. It means the combined effect of many steps is the equivalence of a great journey. Go, take many little steps. ~ Israelmore Ayivor, #NFDB
44:When Satan is released for a brief time at the end of the millennium, his 1000-year prison sentence has not reformed his character. He has not changed. And mankind has not changed either. ~ Mark Hitchcock, #NFDB
45:With film, oftentimes you work in a vacuum and then you get on a high wire and then you try it and then the day's over and that piece of film exists somewhere in a vault for 1000,000 years and that's it. ~ Chris Pine, #NFDB
46:I know you have 1000 great ideas for things that iTunes could do. And we have 1000 more. But innovation is not about saying "yes" to everything. It's about saying "no" to all but the most crucial features. ~ Steve Jobs, #NFDB
47:En el momento de su muerte su colección contaba con más de catorce mil volúmenes, que incluían 1000 en griego, 94 en hebreo y cerca de 500 códices árabes. Era la mayor biblioteca privada del mundo occidental ~ Anonymous, #NFDB
48:Explaining the $1000 in cash and two watches he was given by two Japanese journalists after he helped arrange a private interview for them with First Lady Nancy Reagan: I didn't accept it. I received it. ~ Richard V Allen, #NFDB
49:[There is a] depth and urgency of the search of Jewish and Christian women for connection to the Divine, which found expression in more than 1000 years of feminist Bible criticism and religious re-visioning. ~ Gerda Lerner, #NFDB
50:I work just as hard and have just as much fun whether in a 50-seat house or in a 1000-seat house. It's a luxury to be in a tiny space every once in a while and a rush to be on a giant stage every once in a while. ~ Laurie Metcalf, #NFDB
51:I grew up in Southern California and there is a deep car culture there. I am now down to one car. It is a 1923 T pick up with 1000 hp. I have had a number of cars but little time and space so I have liquidated most of them. ~ Leland Sklar, #NFDB
52:SCARED TO DEATH In Arizona, a 1000-acre forest of junipers suddenly withered and died. Foresters are unable to explain it, but the Indians say the trees died of fear but they are not in agreement as to what caused the fright. ~ Malcolm Lowry, #NFDB
53:Technique is not being able to juggle a ball 1000 times. Anyone can do that by practicing. Then you can work in the circus. Technique is passing the ball with one touch, with the right speed, at the right foot of your team mate. ~ Johan Cruijff, #NFDB
54:To get 300 songs to fit together on an album, it's not like I choose 300 songs and say these are the ones I wanted to pick. To get those 300 songs I sampled 1000's of songs and narrowed down the ones I felt worked the best musically. ~ Girl Talk, #NFDB
55:The rebel army in Libya is just like 1,000 guys in Toyota trucks. The world is asking the question; can 1000 anti-government guys in pick-up trucks with small arms, take over a country of millions? To which I say, ask the Teabaggers. ~ Bill Maher, #NFDB
56:I figure 1000 words a day, or four pages, and sometimes I'll write more, but I'll try not to. Because I think you don't want to exhaust what it is you're writing about, so the next day you would have to gear up for a brand new scene. ~ Carolyn See, #NFDB
57:I like Beyoncé because of her tenacity and strength and for giving 1000 percent to her performances, which is a lost art these days. She's cut from the cloth of some of us that really like to perform are cut from. I'm a big Beyoncé fan. ~ MC Hammer, #NFDB
58:The thing about Matt Cameron is he has made us 1000 times a better band than we've ever been. He's such a freight train on drums and such a cool individual as a man that it makes us better as a band, and we are now complete with him. ~ Mike McCready, #NFDB
59:If they would have put positive opportunities in front of me to make $1000 a week, I would have done it. But they didn't. They put $1000 in front of me and an illegal way to make it. And they expect me not to do it because they say it's wrong. ~ Snoop Dogg, #NFDB
60:Moonshots, by their definition, live in that gray area between audacious projects and pure science fiction. Instead of mere 10 percent gains, they aim for 10x (meaning ten times) improvements—that’s a 1000 percent increase in performance. ~ Peter H Diamandis, #NFDB
61:Children, if we can do archana of the 1000 Names of the Divine Mother daily with devotion, we will grow spiritually. There will never be lack of life's essentials, food and clothing, in a family that chants the 1000 Names with devotion. ~ Mata Amritanandamayi, #NFDB
62:£1 invested in 2007 in a savings account giving 4% compound interest would have risen in value to £1× (1 + 0.04)1000= 108 million billion pounds by the year 3007. However, this will probably still be what you would have to pay for your Sunday newspaper. ~ Anonymous, #NFDB
63:vitesse de 1000 kilomètres à l’heure et plus tard, l'IA 58 Pucara et l'IA 63 Pampa mais jamais un vrai ovni. Remarque : Les États-Unis et la Grande-Bretagne ont essayé avec grands efforts de recruter Kurt Tank mais sans aval. ~ Jean Maximillien De La Croix de Lafayette, #NFDB
64:Revelation 20:3 says that Satan is cast into the abyss for 1000 years after the return of Christ to earth “so that he should not deceive the nations any longer.” This indicates that deceiving the nations must be one of his main goals during this present age. ~ Mark Hitchcock, #NFDB
65:I left my apartment in London and I sold everything. I literally had $1000 and a suitcase when I got on the plane. The next day I enrolled in my first acting class. We had some great people, Jim Carrey, Ellen DeGeneres, Molly Ringwald. It was very inspirational. ~ Jane Leeves, #NFDB
66:If the fine structure constant, that governs the strength of electromagnetic forces, were changed by more than 4 per cent or the strong force by more than 0.4 of one per cent then the production of carbon or oxygen would be reduced by factors of between 30 and 1000. ~ John D Barrow, #NFDB
67:Satan and that man is still man even after 1000 years of the righteous, benevolent rule of Christ on earth. Even under the most ideal circumstances imaginable, man is still totally depraved and in desperate need of a new heart by the regeneration of the Spirit of God. ~ Mark Hitchcock, #NFDB
68:This war proceeds along its terrible path by the slaughter of infantry...I say to myself every day. What is going on while we sit here, while we go away to dinner or home to bed? Nearly, 1000 - Englishmen, Britishers, and the other is America...Everything else is swept away. ~ Winston Churchill, #NFDB
69:When you hear a person say, "I hate," adding the name of some race, nation, religion, or social class, you are dealing with a belated mind. That person may dress like a modern, ride in an automobile, listen to the radio, but his or her mind is properly dated about 1000 B.C. ~ Harry Emerson Fosdick, #NFDB
70:The campaign for the White House is heating up with John Kerry taking heat for throwing his Vietnam medals away, getting a $1000 haircut, and wearing a 1970s wig known as 'the Leno.' There are really two sides to this story. And America can't wait for Kerry to present both of them. ~ David Letterman, #NFDB
71:In the beginning, not everyone may be able to clearly repeat every mantra in the 1000 Names. In that case, everyone can respond to the chants with just one mantra. While chanting the 1000 Names, the response may be 'Om Parashaktyai Namaha' or 'Om Sivasaktyaikya Rupinyai Namaha'. ~ Mata Amritanandamayi, #NFDB
72:Stephen Hawking gezegenimizin ötesine kaçmadığımız sürece önümüzdeki 1000 yıl içerisinde hayatta kalamayacağımızı söylüyor. Bu varoluş sorunumuz özgür zihinli insanların sayısı artırılarak çözülebilir. Çünkü tıpkı özgür kuşlar gibi yalnızca özgür zihinler yeni ufuklara ulaşabilirler! ~ Mehmet Murat ildan, #NFDB
73:Ceux qui revent eveilles ont conscience de 1000 choses qui echapent a ceux qui ne revent qu'endormis. The one who has day dream are aware of 1000 things that the one who dreams only when he sleeps will never understand. (it sounds better in french, I do what I can with my translation...) ~ Edgar Allan Poe, #NFDB
74:No one begs you to be a poet or write a 1000-page poem. You have to be fueled by a drive, a conviction - a need, a necessity, a vision that is so pressing that it has no other outlet but through you. That doesn't mean that you are unconscious or in trance, but there can be moments like that. ~ Anne Waldman, #NFDB
75:The CIA later found out that Sandoz had never produced LSD in quantities even remotely resembling ten kilograms. Apparently only ten milligrams were for sale, but a CIA contact in Switzerland mistook a kilogram, 1000 grams, for a milligram (.001 grams), which would explain the huge discrepancy. ~ Martin A Lee, #NFDB
76:1000
The Sea Said 'Come' To The Brook
The Sea said 'Come' to the Brook The Brook said 'Let me grow' The Sea said 'Then you will be a Sea I want a Brook - Come now'!
The Sea said 'Go' to the Sea The Sea said 'I am he
You cherished' - 'Learned Waters Wisdom is stale - to Me'
~ Emily Dickinson,#NFDB
77:Ceux qui revent eveilles ont conscience de 1000 choses qui echapent a ceux qui ne revent qu'endormis.
The one who has day dream are aware of 1000 things that the one who dreams only when he sleeps will never understand.
(it sounds better in french, I do what I can with my translation...) ~ Edgar Allan Poe,#NFDB
78:Inside the woods is an abandoned hotel.
Trees grow in the lobby
and up through the rooms.
Limbs jut out through the windows.
It looks like outside
inside.
I climb the trees
through 1000 rooms.
I look for you
in each of them.
You’re a long shiny line. ~ Zachary Schomburg,#NFDB
79:/* Arduino Blink LED Sketch by Mary Smith, created 07/01/13 */ void setup() { pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // set digital pin 13 to output } void loop() { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // turn on digital pin 13 delay(1000); // pause for one second digitalWrite(13, LOW); // turn off digital pin 13 delay(1000); // pause for one second ~ Anonymous, #NFDB
80:India's sex ratio is 1000 boys for 940 girls. Who creates this disparity? It isn't God. Don't fill your coffers by sacrificing the mother's womb. People feel that sons will take care of them when they are old. But I have seen aged parents in old-age homes. I have seen families where one daughter serves parents more than five sons. ~ Narendra Modi, #NFDB
81:Children, set aside at least half an hour in the morning and in the evening for spiritual practices. After bathing in the morning, a family should sit together and worship. Archana may be performed by chanting the 108 or 1000 Names of Devi or our chosen deity. We can also chant our mantra, meditate or sing hymns at this time. ~ Mata Amritanandamayi, #NFDB
82:I've gotten a lot of exposure for my writing. My writing blog has gotten over 1000 unique hits since the Observer piece (quite a lot as before it was something like 20 people a day if I was lucky.) But more importantly the coverage exposed me to and so has allowed me to connect with a lot of new people I really enjoy interacting with. ~ Marie Calloway, #NFDB
83:The world beyond 450 ppm atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, the world that crosses carbon cycle tipping points that quickly take us to 1000 ppm, is a world not merely of endless regional resource wars around the globe. It is a world with dozens of Darfurs. It is a world of a hundred Katrinas, of countless environmental refugees ~ Joseph J Romm, #NFDB
84:Paganism, it turns out, was the original Icelandic religion before a mass conversion in the year 1000. That was largely seen as a business decision, and Icelanders have never been particularly good Christians. They attend church if someone is born or wed or dies, but otherwise they are, as one Icelander put it, “atheists with good intentions. ~ Eric Weiner, #NFDB
85:I am sitting here 93 million miles from the sun on a rounded rock which is spinning at the rate of 1000 miles an hour... and my head pointing down into space with nothing between me and infinity but something called gravity which I can't even understand, and which you can't even buy any place so as to have some stored away for a gravityless day. ~ Russell Baker, #NFDB
86:Eazy-E was not a rapper! He was a stone cold businessman. EAZY use to say that out of His own mouth. But one thing that he did have when it came to his artistry , is that voice. At least Eazy-E admitted he had ghost writers & people that wrote for him. Some of today's super star rappers will not admit they have ghost writers. Eazy-E always kept it 1000. ~ Kokane, #NFDB
87:not so long ago, all humans heard voices—generated internally, from the right hemisphere of the brain, but perceived (by the left hemisphere) as if external, and taken as direct communications from the gods. Sometime around 1000 B.C., Jaynes proposed, with the rise of modern consciousness, the voices became internalized and recognized as our own.21 ~ Oliver Sacks, #NFDB
88:How to teach again what has been taught correctly it incorrectly 1000 thousand times, throughout the millenniums of mankind's prudent folly? That is the hero's ultimate difficult task. How to render back into light-world language the speech-defying pronouncements of the dark? Many failures attest to the difficulties of this life-affirmative threshold. ~ Joseph Campbell, #NFDB
89:Weekly $25,000 shopping binges at Barney's and "high end" boutiques for clothes I barely wore were the norm. So were lavish meals with friends where I picked up $1000 tabs. These high-priced activities were within my limits because I was extremely successful financially, a testament to my manic behavior, not to mention my involvement in illegal activities. ~ Andy Behrman, #NFDB
90:What makes me so certain that the natural human lifespan is far in excess of the actual one is this. Among all my autopsies (and I have performed over 1000), I have never seen a person who died of old age. In fact, I do not think that anyone has ever died of old age yet. We invariably die because one vital part has worn out too early in proportion to the rest of the body. ~ Hans Selye, #NFDB
91:Our use of the phrase 'The Dark Ages' to cover the period from 600 to 1000 marks our undue concentration on Western Europe. [...] From India to Spain, the brilliant civilisation of Islam flourished. What was lost to Christendom at this time was not lost to civilisation, but quite the contrary. [...] To us it seems that West-European civilisation is civilisation, but this is a narrow view. ~ Bertrand Russell, #NFDB
92:If we were to smooth out all the material in the Universe into a uniform sea of atoms we would see just how little of anything there is. There would be little more than about 1 atom in every cubic metre of space. No laboratory on Earth could produce an artificial vacuum that was anywhere near as empty as that. The best vacuum achievable today contains approximately 1000 billion atoms in a cubic metre. ~ John D Barrow, #NFDB
93:I really identify with being a bookworm. I love reading, learning and books. I mean, I have 1000 books, all catalogued, already in my specially made library my dad made me. Books are my friends. I live in sweat pants and workout gear or t-shirt and jeans. I dress more for comfort than for fashion. I dress up if I have to go out but I can’t wait to come home and take off the makeup, heels and scratchy clothing. ~ Tania Marshall, #NFDB
94:I don't think much new ever happens. Most of us spend our days the same way people spent their days in the year 1000: walking around smiling, trying to earn enough to eat, while neurotically doing these little self-proofs in our head about how much better we are than these other slobs, while simultaneously, in another part of our brain, secretly feeling woefully inadequate to these smarter, more beautiful people. ~ George Saunders, #NFDB
95:six degrees of the mathematician Paul Erdös, himself a pioneer of network theory, as we have seen.13 Recent research suggests the number is now closer to five than six, which suggests that technological change since the 1970s has perhaps been less transformative than is commonly supposed.14 For the directors of Fortune 1000 companies, however, it is 4.6.15 For Facebook users it was 3.74 in 2012,16 and just 3.57 in 2016. ~ Niall Ferguson, #NFDB
96:He comes from the grave, his body a home of worms and filth. No life in his eyes, no warmth of his skin, no beating of his breast. His soul, as empty and dark as the night sky. He laughs at the blade, spits at the arrow, for they will not harm his flesh. For eternity, he will walk the earth, smelling the sweet blood of the living, feasting upon the bones of the damned. Beware, for he is the living dead. —OBSCURE HINDU TEXT, CIRCA 1000 B.C.E. ~ Max Brooks, #NFDB
97:If we can sell out a venue that's just as big as this in Omaha, if we can sell out DePaul in Chicago tomorrow, which looks like it's going to happen for 1100 or 1200 people, then obviously everyone will know that we can affect between 700 to 1000 people at a time in damn near every city in America, then I think that's a good start. It also tells people, and gives them an example, how independent hip-hop is able to do this without gigantic corporate support. ~ Immortal Technique, #NFDB
98:On that basis, the earliest burials in the Forum would be around 1000 BCE, the huts on the Palatine around 750–700 BCE (excitingly close to 753 BCE, as many have observed). But even these dates are far from certain. Recent scientific methods – including ‘radiocarbon dating’, which calculates the age of any organic material by measuring the residual amount of its radioactive carbon isotope – have suggested that they are all too ‘young’, by as much as a hundred years. ~ Mary Beard, #NFDB
99:We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty... All this will not be finished in the first 100 days. Nor will it be finished in the first 1000 days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin... And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you - ask what you can do for your country. ~ John F Kennedy, #NFDB
100:In Colma, a suburb of San Francisco, California there's a proposal pending to tax . . . the dead. If proponents get their way, grave sites will be taxed $5 dollars - per grave, per year - for eternity. In Colma the dead outnumber the living by a ratio of roughly 1000-to-1, including such notables as: Wyatt Earp, Levi Strauss, and William Randolph Hearst. And they, apparently, haven't paid their fair share. For liberals, when it comes to taxes . . . nothing is sacred. ~ Rush Limbaugh, #NFDB
101:The entropy of a system is related to the number of indistinguishable rearrangements of its constituents, but properly speaking is not equal to the number itself. The relationship is expressed by a mathematical operation called a logarithm; don't be put off if this brings back bad memories of high school math class. In our coin example, it simply means that you pick out the exponent in the number of rearrangements-that is, the entropy is defined as 1,000 rather than 2^1000. ~ Brian Greene, #NFDB
102:Imam 'Ali Zayn al-'Abidin (Sohn von Imam Husayn; möge Allah mit ihnen zufrieden sein), wurde beim Eintreten ins Gebet blass und begann zu zittern. Als er nach dem Grund gefragt wurde, antwortete er: "Wisst ihr denn nicht, Wem ich gleich gegenüber stehen werde?"
Wie sein Name "Zayn al-'Abidin" bereits verkündet, ist er die "Zierde (oder der Schmuck) der Anbeter".
Ihm gebührt noch ein anderer Titel, nämlich "as-Sajjad", weil er jede Nacht 1000 Rak'as betete. ~ Mostafa al Badawi,#NFDB
103:Notice that the value of the entropy and the amount of hidden information are equal. That's no accident. The number of possible heads-tails rearrangements is the number of possible answers to the 1,000 questions-(yes,yes,no,no,yes,...) or (yes,no,yes,yes,no,...) or (no,yes,no,no,no,...), and so on-namely, 2^1000. With entropy defined as the logarithm of the number of such rearrangements-1,000 in this case-entropy is the number of yes-no questions any one such sequence answers. ~ Brian Greene, #NFDB
104:Extending Jean-Paul's number (which Robert Bauval describes as magical and with which the earth is designed) into a whole one tropical year period of 365.24 days (i.e., one full revolution of Earth around the Sun) corresponds to an extension of the GPG's height (in addition to a one meter measure of the prolongation thereof) by a multiple of one sidereal month. This calibration scheme is guaranteed by dissecting the GPG's height (using Jean-Paul's number) into 1000/PI portions. ~ Ibrahim Ibrahim, #NFDB
105:Ufak bir karınca 1 milimetre kadardır. Bu, 1000 mikrometreye denk gelir. İnsanın ortalama kalınlıktaki bir saçı 80-100 mikrometre arasıdır. Mikoplazmalar ise bunlardan çok daha ufaktır. Klasik bir bakteriden bile çok ufaktırlar ve 0.1-0,3 µm civarında boya sahiptirler. Bu yüzden "ultramikrobakteri" olarak da anılırlar. Öyle ki, en küçük canlı-benzeri cansız formlarından biri olan virüsler 0.02-0.25 mikrometre arasında değişirler. Yani bazı mikoplazmalar, bazı virüslerden bile küçüktür! ~ Anonymous, #NFDB
106:Suppose that I see a hungry child in the street, and I am able to offer the child some food. Am I morally culpable if I refuse to do so? Am I morally culpable if I choose not to do what I easily can about the fact that 1000 children die every hour from easily preventable disease, according to UNICEF? Or the fact that the government of my own "free and open society" is engaged in monstrous crimes that can easily be mitigated or terminated? Is it even possible to debate these questions? ~ Noam Chomsky, #NFDB
107:Reviews are all bullshit, because they always change. When House of 1000 Corpses came out, all the reviews were awful. It was impossible to find a review better than "The worst movie ever made." And now I'll see more-modern magazines, and sometimes they'll re-review things, and I'll read this great review for it. It's the same thing with White Zombie! People talk about "Oh, White Zombie, these classic records. Why don't you do them now?" Everyone hated those records when they came out! The reviews were terrible. ~ Rob Zombie, #NFDB
108:People have been beaten to death in front of crowds that could easily overtake the attacker. The bigger the crowd, the more likely it is that nobody will intervene. The principle is called "diffusion of responsibility," and boils down to the pressure for conformity overwhelming the need to act. Any guilt over not acting is shared between the people not acting. You didn't stand by and watch someone get killed, after all. It was a crowd of 1000. You only stood around to the tune of 0.1% of the incident as a whole. ~ Johnny B Truant, #NFDB
109:When an important writer recommends a work to you -- whether by openly naming the title; or by shy=covert use of it (which perhaps is the greater praise) then go right ahead and follow his [sic!, etc] momentous hint ! A man with expertise and taste has done trusty spade-work for you : {pre=reading} and winnowing 1000 volumes of antiquated chaff for you. Not to make grateful use of such a hint would mean my thoughtless=arrogant shoving aside all the precious, irreplaceable hours that a venerable predecessor spent reading for me. ~ Arno Schmidt, #NFDB
110:The Fingers Of The Light
1000
The Fingers of the Light
Tapped soft upon the Town
With "I am great and cannot wait
So therefore let me in."
"You're soon," the Town replied,
"My Faces are asleep—
But swear, and I will let you by,
You will not wake them up."
The easy Guest complied
But once within the Town
The transport of His Countenance
Awakened Maid and Man
The Neighbor in the Pool
Upon His Hip elate
Made loud obeisance and the Gnat
Held up His Cup for Light.
~ Emily Dickinson,#NFDB
111:Tổng thống Mexico có thể đã bay sang New York, quy tụ hơn 20 ngân hàng lớn đã cho đất nước của ông vay tiền và tuyên bố như sau: "Thưa các quý vị, chúng tôi đã bị khánh tận. Và quý vị có biết câu ngạn ngữ này không: nếu một người vay của bạn 1000 USD thì đó là vấn đề của anh ta. Nhưng nếu một người vay bạn 10 triệu USD, thì đó là vấn nạn của bạn. Vâng, chúng tôi chính là vấn nạn của quý vị. Chúng tôi không thể thanh toán cho quý vị được. Vậy xin quý vị làm ơn đàm phán lại, thay đổi định hạn thanh toán và tiếp tục cấp thêm tín dụng cho chúng tôi. ~ Thomas L Friedman, #NFDB
112:I mean, I've never been thinking that if you're a fan you have to buy everything that somebody puts out. I mean, you've got a choice. If you don't want it, just don't buy it. It's also a reaction to YouTube and sharing of files. A lot of it is really bad sound, really low quality. So the librarian in me wants it at least to exist there so that in 20 years when I'm sitting in my rocking chair, it will still exist in the best sound quality possible, even though it only sold 1000 units or whatever. As much as I love the whole pirate kind of thing, the quality suffers. ~ Bjork, #NFDB
113:In 1967 the broom world was galvanised by the formation of the Nimbus Racing Broom Company. Nothing like the Nimbus 1000 had ever been seen before. Reaching speeds of up to a hundred miles per hour, capable of turning 360 degrees at a fixed point in mid-air, the Nimbus combined the reliability of the old Oakshaft 79 with the easy handling of the best Cleansweeps. The Nimbus immediately became the broom preferred by professional Quidditch teams across Europe, and the subsequent models (1001, 1500, and 1700) have kept the Nimbus Racing Broom Company at the top of the field. ~ J K Rowling, #NFDB
114:The unique manuscript of Beowulf, produced about 1000 A.D., was preserved in ways unknown and eventually included in the great library of Sir Robert Cotton, who died in 1631. This manuscript, copied on vellum by two scribes, was damaged at the top and outer edges by a fire in 1731, which obscured letters and some entire words. But the Icelandic scholar Grimur Thorkelin made a copy of the manuscript in 1787, before the scorched leaves had badly crumbled, and also commissioned a professional copyist ignorant of Old English to make another copy, imitating the Old English insular script, in that same year. ~ Unknown, #NFDB
115:Bank representatives discourage low-income customers from banking The most shocking finding from this study is the extent to which bank representatives misrepresent both product availability and client eligibility, effectively denying financial access to low-income customers solely upon their discretion. We observe that none of the 42 bank branches voluntarily offered a zero-balance account when initially approached by a low-income customer, and 12 out of 42 banks (28%) excluded potential clients by initially marketing unaffordable accounts (requiring initial deposits ranging from Rs. 1000 to Rs. 300,000). ~ Anonymous, #NFDB
116:What pleased the land-owner’s husband most was the insertion of a clause which stated that, if in any way our work of excavation was interfered with, or the contract was voided, he would have to pay £1000 down. He immediately went away and boasted of this to all his friends. ‘It is a matter of such importance,’ he said proudly, ‘that unless I give all the assistance in my power, and keep all the promises I have made on my wife’s behalf, I shall lose £1000.’ Everybody was enormously impressed. ‘£1000,’ they said. ‘It is possible he will lose £1000! have you heard that? They can extract from him £1000 if anything goes wrong!’ I ~ Agatha Christie, #NFDB
117:Mindless conformity is what turns us from humans into sheep. People have been beaten to death in front of crowds that could easily overtake the attacker. The bigger the crowd, the more likely it is that nobody will intervene. The principle is called "diffusion of responsibility," and boils down to the pressure for conformity overwhelming the need to act. Any guilt over not acting is shared between the people not acting. You didn't stand by and watch someone get killed, after all. It was a crowd of 1000. You only stood around to the tune of 0.1% of the incident as a whole. If your friends jumped off the Brooklyn Bridge, would you jump too? ~ Johnny B Truant, #NFDB
118:Academician Amosov’s ‘1000 Moves’ Morning ‘Recharge’ Complex 1. Squat –100 repetitions 2. Side bends –100 repetitions 3. Pushups on the floor –50 repetitions 4. Forward bends –100 repetitions 5. Straight arm lateral raises overhead –100 repetitions 6. Torso turns –50 repetitions 7. Roman chair situps –100 repetitions 8. One legged jumps in place –100 repetitions per leg 9. Bringing the elbows back –100 repetitions 10. ‘The birch tree’ –hold for the count of 100 11. Leg and hip raises. Lie on your back and bring your feet behind your head while keeping your legs reasonably straight. –100 repetitions 12. Sucking in the stomach –50 repetitions ~ Pavel Tsatsouline, #NFDB
119:We come to the page with too many expectations. Each poor little story is like a trembling donkey upon which we heap tons of weight. We don't just want a good book, we want a bestseller. If it isn't perfect, we hate it. If it isn't 100% right, it's 1000% wrong. Problem: we care too damn much. It's all or nothing with us and that's the kind of dichotomy that shanks our happiness right in the kidneys. So: care less. Ease off the stress stick. Have more fun with what you're doing. When your kids and dogs play in the mud, you can either freak out that they're too dirty, or you can laugh and jump in the mud, too. So, fuck it: jump in the damn mud already. ~ Chuck Wendig, #NFDB
120:When Winston Churchill wanted to rally the nation in 1940, it was to Anglo-Saxon that he turned: "We shall fight on the beaches; we shall fight on the landing grounds; we shall fight in the fields and the streets; we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender." All these stirring words came from Old English as spoken in the year 1000, with the exception of the last one, surrender, a French import that came with the Normans in 1066--and when man set foot on the moon in 1969, the first human words spoken had similar echoes: "One small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind." Each of Armstrong's famous words was part of Old English by the year 1000. ~ Robert Lacey, #NFDB
121:Werewolves had been so rationalized and medicalized by the year 1000 that they became subject to a medieval type of “heroin chic” romanticism in literature, in which they were frequently portrayed as attractive, lonely, suffering, victimized, self-sacrificing, chivalrous heroes in fictional and mythological tales emerging during the Grail romance era. The “chivalrous werewolf” narratives often feature a noble knight or prince who transforms into a werewolf to protect the subject of his romantic love, but while he is a werewolf she betrays him by stealing his transformative device—either a potion, a ring, a belt or his clothes—trapping him forever in his lovelorn werewolf state.25 ~ Peter Vronsky, #NFDB
122:Why I am Passionate and Dedicated 1000% to producing and bringing my books Loving Summer, Bitter Frost, and other book series to the Screen is because these are the very books that I was cyber-bullied on. When confronted by bullies, you don't shy away, but you Fight Back. Many people have not read the books, but believe fake news and damaging slanders against them and me as a person because it was a marketing strategy used to sell my books' rival books. By bringing these very books to the screen, people can see how different my books are to theirs. Also, most of all, it is pretty darn fun and fierce for me, as a female Asian writer, director, and producer to bring these fan favorite books to screen. ~ Kailin Gow, #NFDB
123:True, a socialistic society could see that 1000 litres of wine were better than 800 litres. It could decide whether or not 1000 litres of wine were to be preferred to 500 litres of oil. Such a decision would involve no calculation. The will of some man would decide. But the real business of economic administration, the adaptation of means to ends only begins when such a decision is taken. And only economic calculation makes this adaptation possible. Without such assistance, in the bewildering chaos of alternative materials and processes the human mind would be at a complete loss. Whenever we had to decide between different processes or different centres of production, we would be entirely at sea. ~ Ludwig von Mises, #NFDB
124:The accepted version of history is that the Federal Reserve was created to stabilize our economy. One of the most widely-used textbooks on this subject says: "It sprang from the panic of 1907, with its alarming epidemic of bank failures: the country was fed up once and for all with the anarchy of unstable private banking."23 Even the most naive student must sense a grave contradiction between this cherished view and the System's actual performance. Since its inception, it has presided over the crashes of 1921 and 1929; the Great Depression of '29 to '39; recessions in '53, '57, '69, '75, and '81; a stock market "Black Monday" in '87; and a 1000% inflation which has destroyed 90% of the dollar's purchasing power.24 ~ G Edward Griffin, #NFDB
125:Eliza wonders, floating in the corridors of Gateway, watching the RLVs rise into low Earth orbit, the continents shifting past, the clouds swirling, endlessly, this whole strange giant spaceship planet as it travels at 1200 kilometres an hour around the sun, while at the same time Earth, Mars, Venus, Sun and all travel at nearly 800,000 kilometres per hour around the centre of the galaxy, while at the same time this speed machine, Earth and sun and the galaxy itself move at 1000 kilometres per second towards the Great Attractor, that most mysterious of gravitational enigmas, this anomaly of mass that pulls to it the Milky Way as if it were a pebble: all this and we think we’re still, and it makes Eliza dizzy just to think about it. ~ Ellen Datlow, #NFDB
126:Tocmai am terminat de citit romanul dumneavoastră Lacrimile lui Satan. Nu vă voi vorbi despre intriga calchiată după Păsările vrăjite de Pierre d'Arcy, apărută în 1895 la Geneva, nici despre stil, care suferă de o relativă incoerență, în pofida eforturilor dumneavoastră de a omogeniza totul, în schimb am fost sensibilă la diversele citate cu care v-ați împănat proza: într-adevăr, v-ați înfruptat din oala comună a literaturii mondiale. În ce mă privește, am relevat capete de fraze, ar trebui să spun rămurele din Proust, Zola, Theophile Gautier, Sofocle, Tanizaki, Mishima, Moravia, Goethe și mă limitez la atât. Aș spune, cu aproximație, că din 250.000 de cuvinte, abia 1000 vă aparțin și încă, în cea mai mare parte, conjuncții și adverbe. ~ Anonymous, #NFDB
127:of the many Christianities of this time. For the entire period from 200 to 1000, Christianity remained predominantly a religion of Asia and of northern Africa. Though well established in parts of the western Mediterranean (and not least in large cities such as Rome and Carthage) Christianity spread slowly throughout the non-Mediterranean West. What we now call a distinctively “European” Christianity was unthinkable in the year 500 A.D. Even the notion of “Europe” itself only took on its modern meaning in around the year 650 A.D. (as we will see at the end of chapter 11). By the year 1000 A.D., what could be called a “European” Christianity had only recently been established, with the conversion of Germany, of parts of Eastern Europe, and of Scandinavia. ~ Peter R L Brown, #NFDB
128:Still, it is possible to outlaw entire technologies. In 2006 Kevin Kelly, the former editor of Wired magazine, did a study of the effectiveness of technology prohibitions across the last thousand years, beginning in the year 1000. During this period governments had banned numerous technologies and inventions, including crossbows, guns, mines, nuclear bombs, electricity, automobiles, large sailing ships, bathtubs, blood transfusions, vaccines, television, computers, and the Internet. Kelly found that few technology prohibitions had any staying power and that in general, the more recent the prohibition, the shorter its duration. Figure Epilogue Kevin Kelly’s chart of the duration of a technology prohibition plotted against the year in which it was imposed. ~ George M Church, #NFDB
129:So you open your mouth and listen to yourself say, “I want eight thousand a day. Plus expenses.”
This is the polite, industry-standard way of saying “piss off, I’m not interested.” You did the math over your morning coffee: You want to earn 100K a year, what with those bonuses you’ve been pulling on top of your salary. (Besides, a euro doesn’t buy what it used to.) There are 250 working days in a year, and a contractor works for roughly 40 per cent of the time, so you need to charge yourself out at 2.5 times your payroll rate, or 1000 a day in order to meet your target. Not interested in the job? Pitch unrealistically high. You never know…
“Done,” says Mr. Pin-Stripe, staring at you expressionlessly. And it is at that point that you realize you are well and truly fucked. ~ Charles Stross,#NFDB
130:While doing a survey in the area, he came across what looked like the remains of a small pre-Columbian village scattered about an ancient lava bed, called Angamuco, once a settlement of the fierce Purépecha (Tarascan) people, who rivaled the Aztecs in central Mexico from around AD 1000 until the arrival of the Spanish in the early 1500s. “We thought we could knock out Angamuco in a week,” he recalled. “We just kept going and going and going.” It turned out to be a huge site. In 2010, Fisher used lidar to map Angamuco. The results were perhaps even more astounding than those at Caracol. The images gathered after flying over Angamuco for just forty-five minutes revealed twenty thousand previously unknown archaeological features, including a bizarre pyramid that, seen from above, is shaped like a keyhole ~ Douglas Preston, #NFDB
131:Hamburg coffee auction: 1000's of sacks of coffee being sold, of different names & places of origin. They talked of price, analyzed merits of packaging and transport, praised the climate of some years & varying abundance of rainfall in some regions of world but not a single word was said of the men and women from whose hands these coffee beans had originated. no mention of the Tanzanian farmer who had discerned from the leaves the right moment to separate beans from branch. Not a single voice spoke of the Guatemalan peasant woman who, carrying a child on her back, climbed to the realm of the clouds to bring down the fruits that would brighten up the mornings in Europe.
Sebastiao Salgado does: restores the epic human sacrifice, the omnipresent dignity of work in the magnificent solemnity of his venture--recounting history of the world in images. ~ Luis Sep lveda,#NFDB
132:Although corporate bosses were starting to embrace BlackBerry, Lazaridis and Balsillie knew they faced a challenge selling bulk orders to big businesses. Technology purchases were the domain of chief information officers (CIOs). These executives were conservative and frowned on technology that exposed internal communications. “The problem with going through IT is they had to approve everything. It would take a year,” says Lazaridis. “You had to test everything, approve it, and most of these [CIOs] didn’t want it anyway. It was just another thing to deal with. But once a CEO tried it, that was it.” The solution, Lazaridis and Balsillie decided, was an unorthodox plan to infiltrate Fortune 1000 companies. RIM made it easy for influential managers and executives to link the addictive BlackBerry system into their corporate e-mail without involving the IT department. ~ Jacquie McNish, #NFDB
133:Whenever elephants met men, elephants fared badly. Syria's final elephants were exterminated by twenty-five hundred years ago. Elephants were gone from much of China literally before the year 1 and much of Africa by the year 1000. Meanwhile, in India and southern Asia, elephants became the mounts of kings; tanks against forts, prisoners' executioners, and pincushions of arrows, driven mad in battle; elephants became logging trucks and bulldozers, and, as with other slaves, their forced labor requires beatings and abuse. Since Roman times, humans have reduced Africa's elephant population by perhaps 99 percent. African elephants are gone from 90 percent of the lands they roamed as recently as 1800, when, despite earlier losses, an estimated twenty-six million elephants still trod the continent. Now they number perhaps four hundred thousand. (The diminishment of Asian elephants over historic times is far worse.) The planet's menagerie has become like shards of broken glass; we're grinding the shards smaller and smaller. ~ Carl Safina, #NFDB
134:But now, says Holland, look what happens with that 1000-gene seaweed when you assume that the genes are not independent. To be sure of finding the highest level of fitness in this case, natural selection would now have to examine every conceivable combination of genes, because each combination potentially has a different fitness. And when you work out the total number of combinations, it isn't 2 multiplied by 1000. It's 2 multiplied by itself 1000 times. that's 2^1000 , or about 10^300- a number so vast that it makes even the number of moves in chess seem infinitesimal. "Evolution can' even begin to try out that many things," says Holland. "And no matter how good we get with computers, we can't do it." Indeed, if every elementary particle in the observable universe were a supercomputer that had been number-crunching away since the Big Bang, they still wouldn't be close. And remember, that's just for seaweed. Humans and other mammals have roughly 100 times as many genes-and most of those genes come in many more than two varieties. ~ M Mitchell Waldrop, #NFDB
135:For a year or two past my 'publisher,' falsely so called, has been writing from time to time to ask what disposition should be made of the copies of 'A Week on the Concord and the Merrimack Rivers' still on hand, and at last suggesting that he had use for the room they occupied in his cellar. So I had them all sent to me here, and they have arrived to-day by express, filling the man's wagon,--706 copies out of an edition of 1000 which I bought of Munroe four years ago and have been ever since paying for, and have not quite paid for yet. The wares are sent to me at last, and I have an opportunity to examine my purchase. They are something more substantial than fame, as my back knows, which has borne them up two flights of stairs to a place similar to that to which they trace their origin. Of the remaining two hundred and ninety, seventy-five were given away, the rest sold. I have now a library of nearly nine hundred volumes, over seven hundred of which I wrote myself.
Is it not well that the author should behold the fruits of his labor? ~ Henry David Thoreau,#NFDB
136:Plague summer in London : and an increase of over 1000 deaths a week. Ralegh tried to kill himself the day after he was imprisoned, but the table knife with which he stabbed himself in the right breast left only a painful wound. During the fortnight in which he was healing, he could hear the bells ringing for plague victims. The bells never stopped tolling. In the streets, people with running sores could be seen, in hatred trying to infect others by strewing contaminated gloves, handkerchiefs, ruffs. Families took their bedding and went out into the country. The court of justice was removed to Winchester. One out of every six in the City was sick or dying of the plague. Infected ale-houses were not shut up. Londoners went out to the outlying towns, and died under the hedges; in Hampstead, they would fall in the yards and out-buildings, and there were barns around London where many would run to die. The jails were infected. There was an outbreak of 30 prisoners in Southwark; they were caught and put under stricter custody.
At the end of July, Ralegh was well and asking for Hariot. ~ Muriel Rukeyser,#NFDB
137:PATRICK HENRY HIGH SCHOOL Department of Social Studies SPECIAL NOTICE to all students Course 410 (elective senior seminar) Advanced Survival, instr. Dr. Matson, 1712-A MWF 1. There will be no class Friday the 14th. 2. Twenty-Four Hour Notice is hereby given of final examination in Solo Survival. Students will present themselves for physical check at 0900 Saturday in the dispensary of Templeton Gate and will start passing through the gate at 1000, using three-minute intervals by lot. 3. TEST CONDITIONS: a) ANY planet, ANY climate, ANY terrain; b) NO rules, ALL weapons, ANY equipment; c) TEAMING IS PERMITTED but teams will not be allowed to pass through the gate in company; d) TEST DURATION is not less than forty-eight hours, not more than ten days. 4. Dr. Matson will be available for advice and consultation until 1700 Friday. 5. Test may be postponed only on recommendation of examining physician, but any student may withdraw from the course without administrative penalty up until 1000 Saturday. 6. Good luck and long life to you all! (s) B. P. Matson, Sc.D. Approved: J. R. Roerich, for the Board ~ Robert A Heinlein, #NFDB
138:1000
The Vote Of Thanks
FOR every man who works there are
A dozen who will let him;
They'll smiling bask within the shade
The while his duties fret him.
And when his arduous tasks are done,
From out the idle ranks
There promptly steps a grateful one
To move a vote of thanks.
Where more than three foregathered are
In meeting, club or lodge,
Some cheerful soul must do the work
That all the others dodge.
Some one for all must toil and plan,
Some one the money banks,
For which the shirkers to a man
Will move a vote of thanks.
The many spend their hours in ease,
While busy are the few;
The glory of the game they want
But not its work to do.
Untroubled here on earth they live,
The strength that's in their shanks
They save, to those who toil, to give
A rising vote of thanks.
Some day when all the work is done
And rest has settled down,
Perhaps the weary toiler then
Will wear a golden crown.
Upon his breast may medals flash,
And at the Heavenly banks
Perhaps they'll even let him cash
Those rising votes of thanks.
~ Edgar Albert Guest,#NFDB
139:The German economic system as it existed before the war depended on three main factors: I. Overseas commerce as represented by her mercantile marine, her colonies, her foreign investments, her exports, and the overseas connections of her merchants; II. The exploitation of her coal and iron and the industries built upon them; III. Her transport and tariff system. Of these the first, while not the least important, was certainly the most vulnerable. The Treaty aims at the systematic destruction of all three, but principally of the first two. I (1) Germany has ceded to the Allies all the vessels of her mercantile marine exceeding 1600 tons gross, half the vessels between 1000 tons and 1600 tons, and one quarter of her trawlers and other fishing boats.[9] The cession is comprehensive, including not only vessels flying the German flag, but also all vessels owned by Germans but flying other flags, and all vessels under construction as well as those afloat.[10] Further, Germany undertakes, if required, to build for the Allies such types of ships as they may specify up to 200,000 tons[11] annually for five years, the value of these ships being credited to Germany against what is due from her for Reparation.[12] ~ John Maynard Keynes, #NFDB
140:The inner history of the Magian religion ends with Justinian’s time, as truly as that of the Faustian ends with Charles V and the Council of Trent. Any book on religious history shows “the”Christian religion as having had two ages of grand thought movements — 0-500 in the East and 1000-1500 in the West.61 But these are two springtimes of two Cultures, and in them are comprised also the non-Christian forms which belong to each religious development. The closing of the University of Athens by Justinian in 529 was not, as is always stated, the end of Classical philosophy — there had been no Classical philosophy for centuries. What he did, forty years before the birth of Mohammed, was to end the theology of the Pagan Church by closing this school and — as the historians forget to add — to end the Christian theology also by closing those of Antioch and Alexandria. Dogma was complete, finished — just as it was in the West with the Council of Trent (1564) and the Confession of Augsburg (1540), for with the city and intellectualism religious creative force comes to an end. So also in Jewry and in Persia, the Talmud was concluded about 500, and when Chosroes Nushirvan in 529 bloodily suppressed the Reformation of Mazdak. ~ Oswald Spengler, #NFDB
141:Europe was not born in the early Middle Ages. No common identity in 1000 linked Spain to Russia, Ireland to the Byzantine empire (in what is now the Balkans, Greece and Turkey), except the very weak sense of community that linked Christian polities together. There was no common European culture, and certainly not any Europe-wide economy. There was no sign whatsoever that Europe would, in a still rather distant future, develop economically and militarily, so as to be able to dominate the world. Anyone in 1000 looking for future industrialization would have put bets on the economy of Egypt, not of the Rhineland and Low Countries, and that of Lancashire would have seemed like a joke. In politico-military terms, the far south-east and south-west of Europe, Byzantium and al-Andalus (Muslim Spain), provided the dominant states of the Continent, whereas in western Europe the Carolingian experiment (see below, Chapters 16 and 17) had ended with the break-up of Francia (modern France, Belgium and western Germany), the hegemonic polity for the previous four hundred years. The most coherent western state in 1000, southern England, was tiny. In fact, weak political systems dominated most of the Continent at the end of our period, and the active and aggressive political systems of later on in the Middle Ages were hardly visible.
National identities, too, were not widely prominent in 1000, even if one rejects the association between nationalism and modernity made in much contemporary scholarship. ~ Chris Wickham,#NFDB
142:Bryan Del Monte (Author | Entrepreneur | Advertising & Marketing Expert | bryandelmonte.com)Answered April 26, 2016
That's like asking - what's considered a good day... it's so broad it depends.
That said, here's some realities about website traffic generally...
Under 10K unique visitors a month, it's very hard to draw any meaningful conclusions from your analytics. You're just way too small.
Around 100K a month, you'll be able to really spot some decent trends in your analytics that will allow you to make better content...
If you're drawing a million unique visitors a year, you're rapidly approaching the top 2% of all websites in the world.
If you're at 5-10M a year in unique visitors, you're a name brand site in your niche that is routinely visited. It also means you probably have 1000's of articls that are drawing a few hundred visits a month through SEO.
To be in the top 1/2 1% - you need to draw over 10M unique views a month. If you're at that level... you're on the level of Drudge, Facebook, Amazon, Pintrest, Twitter, etc...
Most websites have less than 3000 visitors a month... and by most I mean like 98%.
Putting all the aggregate stuff aside, here are some things to think about:
New/Returning matters. Do people find your content useful or not? Anything under 80% is a win... which is the average bounce rate.
A thousand true fans can lead to a successful website - it's not all about aggregate stats. (see Kevin Kelly's post - The Technium: 1,000 True Fans ~ Bryan Del Monte, Quora,#NFDB
143:Déjame ponerte otro ejemplo de un incidente concreto, uno que me resulta más próximo. Cuando mi esposa tenía ocho años y oía el sonido de las campanillas del camión de los helados bajando por la calle, corría hacia su madre y le pedía una moneda de veinticinco centavos. Su madre contestaba: «Lo siento, cariño, yo no tengo dinero. Ve a pedírselo a papá. Es papá el que tiene todo el dinero». Entonces mi esposa iba a pedírselo a su padre. Éste le daba la moneda, ella iba a comprarse el helado de cucurucho y tan campante. Una semana tras otra se repetía el mismo suceso. Así pues, ¿qué aprendió mi esposa sobre el dinero? En primer lugar, que son los hombres los que tienen todo el dinero. De modo que, una vez que estuvimos casados, ¿qué crees que esperaba de mí? Exacto: dinero. Y ¿sabes qué?, ¡ya no pedía monedas de veinticinco centavos! En cierto modo, se había licenciado. En segundo lugar, aprendió que las mujeres no tienen dinero. Si su madre (la deidad) no lo tenía, era obvio que así es como debería ser ella. Y para validar ese modo de ser se deshacía de forma inconsciente de todo su dinero. Además, lo hacía con absoluta precisión: si le dabas 100 dólares se gastaba 100 dólares; si le dabas 200, se gastaba 200; si le dabas 500, se gastaba 500, y si le dabas 1000, se gastaba 1000. Luego se apuntó a uno de mis cursos y aprendió todo acerca del arte del «apalancamiento» financiero. Entonces le di 2000 dólares, ¡y se gastó 10.000! Traté de explicarle: «No, cariño, «apalancamiento» significa que somos nosotros los que se supone que debemos obtener los 10.000 dólares, no gastarlos». Indudablemente había algo que no estaba asimilando. ~ T Harv Eker, #NFDB
144:Man schreibt das Jahr 1000.
Soeben hat in Bagdad der Buchhändler Ibn an-Nadim seinen „Katalog der Wissenschaften“ veröffentlicht. Das Werk enthält in zehn Bänden die Titel aller bisher in arabischer Sprache erschienenen Bücher aus Philosophie, Astronomie, Mathematik, Physik, Chemie, Medizin.
Studierende aus allen Gegenden des Orients und selbst aus dem Okzident lockt der Ruf von Cordobas hohen Schulen und von seiner Bibliothek, deren halbe Million Bücher einer der gelehrtesten Männer seiner Zeit, der vor vierundzwanzig Jahren verstorbene Kalif al-Hakam II. durch Dutzende von Aufkäufern gesammelt und größtenteils mit seinen Randbemerkungen versehen hat.
In Kairo betreuen mehrere hundert Bibliothekare in den beiden kalifischen Bibliotheken zusammen zwei Millionen zweihundert Bände; das entspricht dem Zwanzigfachen des Bestandes an Buchrollen der einstigen Bibliothek von Alexandrien.
„Es ist notorisch, daß es in Rom niemand gibt, der so viel Bildung besitzt, daß er sich zum Türsteher eignet. Mit welcher Stirn kann der sich anmaßen zu lehren, der selbst nichts gelernt hat!“ stöhnt der Mann, der am besten wissen muß, Gerbert von Aurillac, der im letzten der tausend Jahre nach Christo – 999 – selber in Rom den Stuhl Petri besteigt.
In diesem Jahr verfaßt Abulkasis das durch Jahrhunderte gültige Standardwerk der Chirugie, erörtert Albiruni, an universaler Geistigkeit der Aristoteles der Araber, die Drehung der Erde um die Sonne, entdeckt Alhazen die Gesetze des Sehens und experimentiert mit der camera obscura und mit sphärischen, zylindrischen und konischen Spiegeln und Linsen.
In diesem Jahr, in dem die arabische Welt dem Scheitelpunkt ihres goldenen Zeitalters entgegeneilt, erwartet das Abendland erschreckt, geängstigt das Ende der Zeiten. Mit dem ekstatischen Ausruf: „Jetzt kommt Christus, mit Feuer das Weltall zu richten!“ pilgert der zwanzigjährige Kaiserjüngling Otto III. „wegen begangener Verbrechen der strengen Regel des heiligen Romualdus gehorchend mit nackten Füßen von der Stadt Rom zum Berge Garganus“.
Und der junge Avicenna, eben zwanzigjährig wie er, beginnt die Welt mit seinem weithin strahlenden Ruhm zu erfüllen. ~ Sigrid Hunke,#NFDB
145:In all your Amours you should prefer old Women to young ones. You call this a Paradox, and demand my Reasons. They are these:
1. Because as they have more Knowledge of the World and their Minds are better stor’d with Observations, their Conversation is more improving and more lastingly agreable.
2. Because when Women cease to be handsome, they study to be good. To maintain their Influence over Men, they supply the Diminution of Beauty by an Augmentation of Utility. They learn to do a 1000 Services small and great, and are the most tender and useful of all Friends when you are sick. Thus they continue amiable. And hence there is hardly such a thing to be found as an old Woman who is not a good Woman.
3. Because there is no hazard of Children, which irregularly produc’d may be attended with much Inconvenience.
4. Because thro’ more Experience, they are more prudent and discreet in conducting an Intrigue to prevent Suspicion. The Commerce with them is therefore safer with regard to your Reputation. And with regard to theirs, if the Affair should happen to be known, considerate People might be rather inclin’d to excuse an old Woman who would kindly take care of a young Man, form his Manners by her good Counsels, and prevent his ruining his Health and Fortune among mercenary Prostitutes.
5. Because in every Animal that walks upright, the Deficiency of the Fluids that fill the Muscles appears first in the highest Part: The Face first grows lank and wrinkled; then the Neck; then the Breast and Arms; the lower Parts continuing to the last as plump as ever: So that covering all above with a Basket, and regarding only what is below the Girdle, it is impossible of two Women to know an old from a young one. And as in the dark all Cats are grey, the Pleasure of corporal Enjoyment with an old Woman is at least equal, and frequently superior, every Knack being by Practice capable of Improvement.
6. Because the Sin is less. The debauching a Virgin may be her Ruin, and make her for Life unhappy.
7. Because the Compunction is less. The having made a young Girl miserable may give you frequent bitter Reflections; none of which can attend the making an old Woman happy.
8thly and Lastly They are so grateful!! ~ Benjamin Franklin,#NFDB
146:But if you will not take this Counsel, and persist in thinking a Commerce with the Sex inevitable, then I repeat my former Advice, that in all your Amours you should prefer old Women to young ones. You call this a Paradox, and demand my Reasons. They are these:
1. Because as they have more Knowledge of the World and their Minds are better stor'd with Observations, their Conversation is more improving and more lastingly agreable.
2. Because when Women cease to be handsome, they study to be good. To maintain their Influence over Men, they supply the Diminution of Beauty by an Augmentation of Utility. They learn to do a 1000 Services small and great, and are the most tender and useful of all Friends when you are sick. Thus they continue amiable. And hence there is hardly such a thing to be found as an old Woman who is not a good Woman.
3. Because there is no hazard of Children, which irregularly produc'd may be attended with much Inconvenience.
4. Because thro' more Experience, they are more prudent and discreet in conducting an Intrigue to prevent Suspicion. The Commerce with them is therefore safer with regard to your Reputation. And with regard to theirs, if the Affair should happen to be known, considerate People might be rather inclin'd to excuse an old Woman who would kindly take care of a young Man, form his Manners by her good Counsels, and prevent his ruining his Health and Fortune among mercenary Prostitutes.
5. Because in every Animal that walks upright, the Deficiency of the Fluids that fill the Muscles appears first in the highest Part: The Face first grows lank and wrinkled; then the Neck; then the Breast and Arms; the lower Parts continuing to the last as plump as ever: So that covering all above with a Basket, and regarding2 only what is below the Girdle, it is impossible of two Women to know an old from a young one. And as in the dark all Cats are grey, the Pleasure of corporal Enjoyment with an old Woman is at least equal, and frequently superior, every Knack being by Practice capable of Improvement.
6. Because the Sin is less. The debauching a Virgin may be her Ruin, and make her for Life unhappy.
7. Because the Compunction is less. The having made a young Girl miserable may give you frequent bitter Reflections; none of which can attend the making an old Woman happy.
8thly and Lastly They are so grateful!!
Thus much for my Paradox. But still I advise you to marry directly; being sincerely Your affectionate Friend. ~ Benjamin Franklin,#NFDB
147:A scuola la signora Forbes mi disse che quando mia madre era morta era volata in cielo. Mi aveva raccontato questa cosa perché la signora Forbes è molto vecchia e crede nell’aldilà. Porta sempre i pantaloni della tuta perché sostiene che sono molto più comodi dei pantaloni normali. E ha una gamba leggermente più corta dell’altra a causa di un incidente in moto.
Quando mia madre è morta, però, non è andata in cielo perché il cielo non esiste.
Il marito della signora Peters è un prete che tutti chiamano il Reverendo Peters, e ogni tanto viene a trovarci a scuola per parlare un po’ con noi; un giorni gli chiesi dove fosse il cielo. - Non è nella nostra galassia. È un luogo a sè, - rispose.
Qualche volta il Reverendo Peters emette uno strano verso mentre pensa, una specie di ticchettio con la lingua. E fuma e si sente l’odore delle sigarette mentre tespira e a me dà fastidio.
Dissi che non c’era niente fuori dall’universo e che non poteva esistere un luogo a sè. A meno che non si attraversi un buco nero, ma un buco nero è ciò che si definisce una Singolarità, che significa che è impossibile scoprire cosa c’è dall’altra parte perché la forza di gravità di un buco nero è talmente potente che persino le onde elettromagnetiche come la luce non riescono a sfuggirle, e le onde elettromagnetiche sono il mezzo attraverso il quale riceviamo le informazioni su tutto ciò che è lontano da noi. Se il cielo si trovasse dall’altro lato di un buco nero i morti dovrebbero essere scaraventati nello spazio su dei razzi per arrivare fin lassù e così non è, altrimenti la gente se ne accorgerebbe.
Penso che le persone credano nell’aldilà perché detestano l’idea di morire, perché vogliono continuare a vivere e odiano pensare che altri loro simili possano trasferirsi in casa loro e buttare tutte le loro cose nel bidone della spazzatura.
Il Reverendo Peters spiegò: - Be’, quando dico che il cielo è fuori dall’universo è solo un modo di dire. Immagino che ciò che significa veramente è che i defunti sono con Dio.
- Ma Dio dov’è?
Allora il Reverendo Peters tagliò corto dicendo che avremmo fatto meglio a discuterne in un altro momento, quando avessimo avuto più tempo a disposizione.
Ciò che di fatto avviene quando una persona muore è che il cervello smette di funzionare e il corpo si decompone, come quando morí Coniglio e noi lo seppellimmo in fondo al giardino. E tutte le sue molecole si frantumarono in altre molecole e si sparsero nella terra e vennero mangiate dai vermi e defluirono nelle piante, e se tra 10 anni andremo a scavare nello stesso punto non troveremo altro che il suo scheletro. E tra 1000 anni anche il suo scheletro sarà scomparso. Ma va bene ugualmente perché adesso lui è parte dei fiori e del melo e del cespuglio di biancospino.
Quando una persona muore qualche volta viene messa in una bara, che significa che il suo corpo non si unirà alla terra per moltissimo tempo, finché anche il legno della bara non marcirà.
Mia madre però fu cremata. Questo vuol dire che è stata messa in una bara e bruciata e polverizzata per poi trasformarsi in cenere e fumo. Non so cosa capiti alla cenere e non potei fare domande al cimitero perché non andai al funerale. Però so che il fumo esce da lcamino e si disperde nell’aria e allora qualche volta guardo il cielo e penso che ci siano delle molecole di mia madre lassù, o nelle nuvole sopra l’Africa o l’Antartico, oppure che scendano sotto forma di pioggia nelle foreste pluviali del Brasile, o si trasformino in neve da qualche parte, nel mondo. ~ Mark Haddon,#NFDB
148:1000
The Menologium. (Preface To The Anglo-Saxon
Chronicles)
CHRIST WAS BORN, KING OF GLORY
in midwinter, mighty prince,
eternal, almighty, on the eighth day,
Healer, called, heaven's ward;
so at the same time singing praises
countless folk begin the year,
for the awaited time comes to town,
the first month, famous January.
Five nights later the Lord's baptism,
and eternal God's epiphany comes;
the twelve-days' time to blessed men known,
by us in Britain called Twelfthnight.
Four weeks later February falls,
Sol-month brighter settles in town,
a month minus two days;
so February's way was reckoned by the wise,
One night more is Mary's mass,
the King's mother; for on that day Christ,
the child of the Ruler, she revealed in the temple.
After five nights winter was fared,
and after seventeen he suffered death:
the Saviour's man, great Matthew,
when spring has come to stay in town.
And to the folk after five nights
-- unless it is Leap Year, when it comes one night later -by his cold clothes of frost and hail
wild March is known throughout the world,
Hlyda-month, blowing loud,
Eleven nights later, holy and noble,
Gregory shone in God's service,
honoured in Britain. So Benedict,
nine nights passing, sought the Preserver,
the resolute man celebrated in writings
by men under his rule. So the wise in reckoning
at that time count the equinox,
because, wielding power, God at the beginning
made on the same day sun and moon.
1001
Four nights after the Father
sent the equinox, his archangel announced
the mighty salvation to great Mary,
that she the Shaper of all should bear
bring to birth the best of kings,
as it was widely told through the world;
that was a great destiny delivered to us.
So after seven nights the Saviour sends
the month of April, most often bringing
the mighty time of comfort to mankind,
the Lord's resurrection, when joy is rightly
celebrated everywhere, as that wise one sang:
'This is the day which the Lord hath made;
we will rejoice and be glad in it.'
Nor may we hold that time by tally
of a length of days, nor the Lord's
ascension to heaven, for always it changes
within the rules known to the wise man,
old in winters; in the cycle
he can with craft find the holy days.
The martyrs' memory we must yet recount,
say in words, sing with wisdom,
that after nineteen nights and five
from Easter's blessed coming to us,
men begin to raise the relics,
holy treasures; that is a high day,
when Rogation is held. Quickly to men's homes,
six nights further in the fine gear,
in groves and flowers comes glorious, shining,
strongly to men as it must,
the fulness of May through many lands.
On the same day the noble disciples
Philip and James gave up their lives,
mighty warriors, for the maker's love.
After two nights was taken by God
to blessed Helen the noblest of beams,
on which lay suffering the Lord of angels
for love of man, the maker on a gallows
by the Father's leave. After the first week
minus one night, to men are brought
sun-bright days by summer to town,
warm weather. Woods and fields as soon
1002
bloom and blossom; so beauty is called up
over middle-earth, as in his manner
each kind of creature declares the King's love,
the Almighty's. After eight nights
and days turning, the Lord took up
Augustine into the other light,
embraced the blessed man who in Britain
gladly inspired men's obedience
within the will of God as wise Gregory bade.
Nor have I heard before of a better man
anywhere bringing better teaching,
a more celebrated bishop over the sea;
by the king's seat in Kent he rests near the church
after six long days the month draws near,
earlier by us called Litha,
now called June, and the gem rises
in the heavens the highest in the year,
then sinks from his place and sets;
he will not for long travel late,
the fairest light over the fields.
After thirteen nights and ten the glorious thane
loved by the Lord, John the Baptist, was born,
whom we celebrate in midsummer.
And widely it is held throughout the world,
widely honoured as well it should be,
that holy day in the homes of men,
when Peter and Paul the apostles,
loyal servants, suffered in Rome
five nights on from midsummer's day
glorious martyrdom; miracles they worked,
many for men among the nations,
countless, manifest and clear through the Maker's Son.
Then after two nights, timely to us,
comes July, in which James
on the twenty-fourth night took up his life,
wise and truthful, teacher of the people,
Zebedee's son. Summer on the seventh night
brings the weed-month brightly to town;
everywhere August comes to the earth,
and Lammas-time. Later coming,
one week minus one day,
is high autumn, heavy with harvest;
1003
then wealth is found that is fair on earth.
On the third day the glorious deacon
was martyred and went forth, mighty man,
Lawrence, who now has life
with the wonder-Father in reward for his works.
After five nights the fairest of virgins,
the wondrous woman, went to the God of hosts
for her son's mothering, to the victory-seat,
a home in heaven; the Saviour has so
repaid forever that perfect fostering.
Then on the tenth night in the turning of time,
Bartholomew here in Britain
is honoured far and wide for his fate.
So also after four nights,
the noble's death-day is known to men:
he who baptized the glorious Boy,
the worthy warrior of the Word,
of whom God said no greater man
was born on earth between man and woman.
And after three nights throughout the nations,
the month that is held by men as holy
fares to the people as it was foreseen,
as the old astronomers ere found,
September's way; and it was on the seventh day
that the best queens came to birth,
the Lord's mother. Then more days pass,
thirteen in number, and the blameless thane
clear-sighted in God's word sent up his spirit:
Matthew to his Maker
went in eternal joy. Then arrives
after three nights to the nations,
the day of equinox to the children of earth;
and here we count worthy, far and wide,
the archangel's time in the autumn,
Michael, known to the multitude,
five nights after the equinox-day.
Two nights later, the tenth month
comes to men with wise counsel,
October arrives among men with abundance:
Winterfylleth was the old word
among the island-dwellers, Angles and Saxons,
men and women. So the warriors' time comes
1004
on the twenty-seventh, and the two noble ones
on the same day are celebrated:
we have heard how long ago
Simon and Jude, shining with glory,
did great deeds. For that their doom
was a blessed uplifting. Then arrives quickly,
after four nights, to the folk with plenty,
Blotmonath in town, and brings feasting to men:
November, a time of blessedness
like no other month, by the Lord's mercy.
The same day we celebrate the feast of All Saints,
who worked in the world the will of God.
Then winter's day opens wide
in six nights, seizes the sun,
ravages the harvest with rime and snow,
chains them with frost at the Lord's command;
the green meadows may not stay with us,
the fields' covering. And four nights later
it was that the mighty one, Martin, departed,
the stainless servant sought the Lord;
and on the twelfth night Clement was taken,
sunk in the grey sea, strong in victory,
called on by name by many in need.
On the seventh night after, dear to the Saviour,
noble Andrew arose into heaven,
gave his ghost into God's keeping,
eager depart in earthly death,
Then morning to men brings in the month
called December by the Redeemer's children,
the old Yule. So in eight nights and twelve
the Saviour himself, strong in purpose,
gave with difficulty an eternal kingdom to Thomas,
and to the bold man his blessing.
Then after four nights the Father of angels
sent his Son into creation's expanse
to comfort mankind. Now you can find
the holy days, that man shall hold
throughout Britain at the bidding
of the Saxon's king at the same time.
~ Anonymous Olde English,#NFDB
149:Cold Calls: War Music, Continued
Many believe in the stars.
Take Quinamid
The son of a Dardanian astrologer
Who disregarded what his father said
And came to Troy in a taxi.
Gone.
Odysseus to Greece:
“Hector has never fought this far from Troy.
We want him further out. Beyond King Ilus’ tower.
So walk him to the centre of the plain and, having killed him,
Massacre the Trojans there.”
“Ave!”
Immediately beyond the ridge is Primrose Hill
Where Paris favoured Aphrodité.
“Take it,” said Hector.
Greece shouted: “Hurry up!”
Troy shouted: “Wait for us!”
See,
Far off,
Masts behind the half-built palisade.
Then
Nearer to yourselves
Scamánder’s ford
From which the land ascends
Then merges with the centre of the plain—
The tower (a ruin) its highest point.
Heaven.
Bad music.
Queen Hera is examining her gums.
Looking in through a window
Teenaged Athena says:
“Trouble for Greece.”
They leave.
Sea.
Sky.
The sunlit snow.
Two armies on the plain.
Hector, driven by Lutie,
His godchild and his nephew,
Going from lord to Trojan lord:
“The ships by dark.”
The ruined tower.
In front of it—
Their banners rising one by one.
One after one, and then another one—
50,000 Greeks.
And on a rise in front of Greece
Two hero lords:
Ajax the Great of Salamis
Behind his shield—
As fifty Trojan shields
Topped with blue plumes, swivelling their points,
Come up the rise—
Lord Teucer (five feet high and five feet wide)
Loading his bow,
Peering round Ajax’ shield,
Dropping this Trojan plume or that,
Ordering his archers to lie flat,
Promising God as many sheep as there are sheep to count
If he can put a shaft through Hector’s neck.
Prosperity!
Beneath the blue, between the sea, the snow, there
Hector is
Surrendering the urn of one he has just killed
To one who thought that he had killed the same.
Lord Teucer’s eye/Prince Hector’s throat.
But God would not. The bowstring snaps.
Outside God’s inner court.
Queen Hera and Athena still in line.
Hera so angry she can hardly speak.
A voice:
“The Wife, the Daughter.”
“You go. His face will make me
heave.”
“Serene and Dignified Grandee.”
“Papa to you.”
“Papa”—His hand—
“I know you do not want the Holy Family
visiting the plain.
But some of us would like to help the Greeks.
They lost their champion she.
Thousands of them have died. Now they are in retreat.
Please look.”
The plain.
“You will come back the moment that I call?”
“Of course, Papa.”
“Then . . . yes. Encourage Greece.
But voices only.
Words. Shouts. That sort of thing. A move—and home you come.”
“Of course, Papa.”
The plain.
Lord Teucer’s archers hidden in its grass.
Chylábborak, Lord Hector’s brother-in-law, to his blue plumes:
“Move!”
“Move!”
And on their flanks, between the sea and snow,
Led by Teléspiax’ silver yard
All Ilium’s masks
“Down came their points. Out came their battle cry.
And our cool Mr 5 x 5 called: ‘Up.’ And up we got
And sent our arrows into them,
That made them pirouette,
Topple back down the rise, leaving their dead
For some of us to strip, and some, the most,
To pause, to point, to plant, a third, a fourth
Volley into their naked backs. Pure joy!”
Chylábborak,
Holding his ground:
“Centre on me.
More die in broken than in standing ranks.
Apollo! Aphrodité! Our gods are here!
You taste the air, you taste their breath!
The Greek fleet, ours, by dark!”
Then he is ringed.
See an imperial pig harassed by dogs.
How, like a masterchef his crêpes,
He tosses them; and on their way back down
Eviscerates, then flips them back into the pack.
Likewise Chylábborak the Greeks who rushed.
Hector has seen it. As—
Beneath the blue, the miles of empty air,
Him just one glitter in that glittering mass—
The hosts begin to merge.
Fine dust clouds mixed with beams of light.
The Prince, down from his plate.
Either sides’ arrows whingeing by:
“Cover my back.”
Finding a gap
Dismissing blows as gales do slates,
Then at a run, leaping into the ring,
Taking Chylábborak’s hand:
“If you don’t mind?”
Agamemnon:
“Our time has come. God keeps his word.
Fight now as you have never fought.
We will be at Troy’s gates by dusk,
Through them by dark,
By dawn, across our oars,
As we begin our journey home,
Watching the windmills on its Wall
Turn their sails in flames.”
Heaven. The Wife. The Daughter.
Hands release black lacquer clasps inlaid with particles of gold.
Silk sheaths—with crashing waves and fishscales woven on a
navy ground—
Flow on the pavement.
Hands take their hands
While other hands supply
Warwear,
Their car,
And put the reins into Athena’s hands.
“. . . Troy’s gates by dusk,
Through them by dark . . .”
The Hours, the undeniable,
Open the gates of Paradise.
Beyond
The wastes of space.
Before
The blue.
Below
Now near
The sea, the snow.
All time experts in hand-to-hand action—
Friecourt, Okinawa, Stalingrad West—
Could not believe the battle would gain.
But it did.
10
Chylábborak’s ring is ringed. And then no ring at all.
Some Trojans raise their hands in prayer;
Some Panachéans shout for joy and wait to drag the corpses off.
Lutie, alone, the reins in one, his other hand
Hacking away the hands that grab his chariot’s bodywork,
Rearing his horses, Starlight and Bertie, through,
To,
Yes,
Chylábborak up; rescued;
Prince Hector covering. Then:
“Zoo-born wolf! Front for a family of thieves!”
Lord Diomed, on foot, with Sethynos.
My Lutie answering:
“Be proud Prince Hector is your Fate.”
(Which will be so,
Though Lutie will not see it.)
Chylábborak and Hector do not want to disappoint this oily pair:
“Here come the Sisters Karamazof, Spark,”
Chylábborak said. “Let’s send them home in halves.”
And jumped back down.
Around the tower, 1000 Greeks, 1000 Ilians, amid their swirl,
His green hair dressed in braids, each braid
Tipped with a little silver bell, note
Nyro of Simi—the handsomest of all the Greeks, save A.
The trouble was, he had no fight. He dashed from fight to fight,
Struck a quick blow, then dashed straight out again.
Save that this time he caught,
As Prince Aenéas caught his breath,
That Prince’s eye; who blocked his dash,
And as Lord Panda waved and walked away,
Took his head off his spine with a backhand slice—
Beautiful stuff . . . straight from the blade . . .
Still, as it was a special head,
Mowgag, Aenéas’ minder—
Bright as a box of rocks, but musical—
11
Spiked it, then hoisted it, and twizzling the pole
Beneath the blue, the miles of empty air,
Marched to the chingaling of its tinklers,
A knees high majorette
Towards the Greeks, the tower.
A roar of wind across the battlefield.
A pause.
And then
Scattering light,
The plain turned crystal where their glidepath stopped,
The Queen of Heaven shrills: “Typhoid for Troy!”
And through poor Nyro’s wobbling mouth
Athena yells:
“Slew of assiduous mediocrities!
Meek Greeks!”
It is enough.
Centre-plain wide,
Lit everywhere by rays of glorious light,
They rushed their standards into Ilium,
Diomed (for once) swept forward;
Converting shame to exaltation with his cry:
“Never—to Helen’s gold without her self!
Never—to Helen’s self
without her gold!”
Mowgag well slain.
Hewn through his teeth, his jaw slashed off,
And Nyro’s head beside him in the grass.
When Nyro’s mother heard of this
12
She shaved her head; she tore her frock; she went outside
Ripping her fingernails through her cheeks:
Then down her neck; her chest; her breasts;
And bleeding to her waist ran round the shops,
Sobbing:
“God, kill Troy.
Console me with its death.
Revenge is all I have.
My boy was kind. He had his life to live.
I will not have the chance to dance in Hector’s blood,
But let me hear some have before I die.”
“I saw her running round.
I took the photograph.
It summed the situation up.
He was her son.
They put it out in colour. Right?
My picture went around the
world.”
Down the shaft of the shot in his short-staved bow
Lord Panda has been follow-spotting Diomed.
Between “her self ” / “her gold” he shoots.
It hits. And as its barbs protrude through Dio’s back
Aenéas hears Lord Panda shout:
“He bleeds! The totem Greek! Right-shoulder-front!
How wise of Artemis to make
Panda her matador! Her numero uno! Moi!”
Diomed hit,
The heart went out of those who followed him
And they fell back.
Shields all round
Diomed on his knees
13
Lifting his hands:
“Sister and wife of God”
As Sethynos breaks off the arrowhead
“Eliminate my pain.”
Settles his knee beneath his hero’s shoulderblades
“Let me kill that oaf who claims my death”
Bridges his nape with one hand
“Before it comes with honour to my name.”
Then with his other hand
In one long strong slow pull
Drew the shank back, and out.
She heard his prayer.
Before their breathless eyes
His blood ran back into the pout the shank had left,
And to complete her miracle
Lord Diomed rose up between them, stood in the air,
Then hovered down onto his toes
Brimming with homicidal joy,
Imparting it to Greece.
Then Troy was driven back,
Trampling the half-stripped still-masked carcasses
Hatching the centre of the plain.
Aenéas / Panda.
“Get him.”
14
“Get him! I got him. He is dead. But there he is.”
And Diomed has spotted them.
“Calm down,” Aenéas said. “Perhaps he is possessed.”
“What god would visit him?”
“So pray to yours—and try another shot.”
“Huntress,” Lord Panda prays,
Bright-ankled god of nets and lines,
Of tangled mountains, ilex groves and dark cascades . . .”
But Artemis was bored with him
And let him rise, still praying hard,
Into the downflight of the javelin
Diomed aired at Prince Aenéas.
Sunlit, it went through Panda’s lips, out through his neck, and then
Through Biblock’s neck.
And so they fell; the lord, face up; the friend, face down
Gripping the blood-smeared barb between his teeth,
Between the sea and snow.
Aenéas covers them.
Eyeing his plate
—Technology you can enjoy—
Diomed found, and threw, a stone
As heavy as a cabbage made of lead,
That hit, and split, Aenéas’ hip.
Who went down on one knee
And put his shield hand on the grass
And with his other hand covered his eyes.
Dido might have become a grandmother
And Rome not had its day, except
As Diomed came on to lop his top
Aenéas’ mama, Aphrodité (dressed
In grey silk lounge pyjamas piped with gold
And snake-skin flip-flops) stepped
15
Between him and the Greek.
A glow came from her throat, and from her hair
A fragrance that betokened the divine.
Stooping, she kissed him better, as
Queen Hera whispered: “Greek, cut that bitch.”
And, Diomed, you did; nicking Love’s wrist.
Studying the ichor as
It seeped across her pulse into her palm
Our Lady of the Thong lifted her other hand
Removed a baby cobra from her hair
And dropped it, Diomed, onto your neck,
And saw its bite release its bane into your blood.
Then nobody could say
Who Diomed fought for, or for what he fought.
Rapt through the mass
Now shouting at the sky, now stomping on the plain,
He killed and killed and killed, Greek, Trojan, Greek,
Lord/less, shame/fame, both gone; and gone
Loyalty nurtured in the face of death,
The duty of revenge, the right to kill,
To jeer, to strip, to gloat, to be the first
To rally but the last to run, all gone—
And gone, our Lady Aphrodité, giggling.
While everywhere,
Driving your fellow Greeks
Back down the long incline that leads to the Scamánder’s ford,
Surely as when
Lit from the dark part of the sky by sudden beams,
A bitter wind
Detonates line by line of waves against the shore.
No mind. Even as Teucer backed away
He kept his eyes on you.
“You feel the stress? You feel the fear?
Behold your enemy! the Prince God loves!”
See Teucer’s bow. Hear Teucer’s: “This time lucky.”
16
His—
But this time it was not our Father, God,
Who saved your life, my Prince.
As Agamemnon cried:
“The ships are safe.
Stand at the riverside’s far bank.”
Teléspiax heard the rustle of Lord Teucer’s shot
And stood between yourself and it.
His head was opened, egglike, at the back,
Mucked with thick blood, blood trickling from his mouth.
His last words were:
“Prince, your trumpeter has lost his breath.”
“Our worst fear was his face would fade,”
Teléspiax’s father said.
“But it did not. We will remember it until we die.”
“Give his instrument to Hogem,” Hector said, and went—
Lutie on reins—between the sea and snow,
Throwing his chariots wide, Scamánderwards,
As easily as others might a cloak.
Diomed among this traffic, on his own,
Among his dead,
Their pools of blood, their cut-off body-parts,
Their cut-off heads,
Ashamed as his head cleared
To see Odysseus, Idomeneo, the Ajax—Big and Small—
Whipping away downslope, shouting towards Odysseus:
“Where are you going with your back to the battle?”
Who shouted back, although he did not turn:
“Look left!”
And there was Lutie driving Hector onto him,
Sure they would trample him, for sure
Queen Hera’s human, Diomed,
Would stand and die, except:
“Arms up, young king—” Nestor, full tilt,
Reins round his tummy, leaning out “—and
17
Jump . . .” wrists locked “. . . You young are just . . .”
Swinging him up onto the plate “. . . too much.”
“With your permission, Da?”
Nod. Drew. Then threw the chariot’s javelin
As Lutie spun his wheels, and Hector threw—
Those skewers trading brilliance as they passed—
And missed—both vehicles slither-straightening,
Regaining speed, close, close, then driven apart
By empty cars careering off the incline,
Or stationary cars, their horses cropping grass.
“Daddy, go slow. Hector will say I ran.”
“But not the widows you have made.”
And slow
And low
Cruising the blue above this mix
Heaven’s Queen and Ringsight-eyed Athena
Trumpeting down huge worms of sound
As Hector’s car rereached king Nestor’s, and:
“What kept you, Prince?” Diomed offered as they came abreast:
“You went for a refreshing towel?”
And threw his axe, that toppled through the air, and, oh,
Hector, my Hector, as you thought:
“If Heaven helps me Heaven shows it loves the best,”
Parted your Lutie’s mesh and smashed into his heart.
What did you say as God called you to death
Dear Lutie?
“King Prince, I leave you
driverless.”
And put the reins into his hands, and fled
Into oblivion
As Hector with his other hand
Held what his Lutie was, upright, face forwards, in between
The chariot’s basket and himself,
Shouting as he drove after them:
“Loathsome Greek,
18
Your loathsome hair, your loathsome blood,
Your loathsome breath, your loathsome heart,
Jump in your loathsome ships,
I will come after you,
Come over the Aegean after you,
And find you though you hide inside
Your loathsome father’s grave
And with my bare hands twist your loathsome head
Off your loathsome neck.”
There was a Greek called Themion.
Mad about armour. If not armour, cars.
Of course he went to Troy. And Troy
Saw a stray spear transfix him as he drove.
Companionably, his horses galloped up
On Starlight’s side, and muddled Starlight down,
And Bertie down, and brought the Prince
(Still holding Lutie) down, as all the world
Hurried, as if by windheads, on towards Scamánder’s ford.
hether you reach it from the palisade
Or through the trees that dot the incline’s last stretch
You hear Scamánder’s voice before you see
What one may talk across on quiet days
Its rippling sunspangled breadth
Streaming across the bars of pebbly sand
That form its ford
—Though on the Fleet’s side deeper, darkly bright.
And here
Tiptoeing from this bar to that,
Settling the cloudy sunshine of her hair,
Her towel retained by nothing save herself,
The god of Tops and Thongs
Our Lady Aphrodité came,
Her eyes brimfull with tears.
Scamánder is astonished by his luck.
19
“Beauty of Beauties, why are you weeping?”
“I have been hurt, Scamánder.”
“No . . .”
“Humiliated.”
“No . . .”
“Me. A god. Just like yourself. Touched . . .”
“Touched!”
“By a man.”
“A man!”
“A Greek.”
“Death to all Greeks!”
“He cut me!”
“Sacrilege!
. . . But where?”
“I need your healing touch.”
“How can I help you if you do not show me where?”
“Moisten its lips and my wound will be healed.”
“You must say where!”
“Well . . .”
The towel has slipped an inch.
“I am afraid you will be disappointed.”
“Never.”
“Are you sure?”
“Yes!”
“You will not criticize me?”
“No!”
Her wrist upturned.
Out-turned.
Her opened palm.
Fanning the fingers of her other hand,
Stroking his spangles with her fingertips.
“Goddess, I love you.
I have always loved you.
Say that you love me. Even a little.
I beg you. God grant it.”
“I need your help, Scamánder.”
“Take pity on me. Come into me.”
“You have your nymphs.”
“Bores! Bores!”
“I might be nibbled by an eel!”
“Death to all eels!”
The towel is down.
20
“Step into me . . .
I love your toes . . . please let me kiss your toes . . .
Your little dinkum-inkum toes . . .”
“No one has kissed them so nicely, Scamánder.”
“And now your knees . . .”
“You tickle me . . .”
“And now your thighs!”
“Oh, oh, go on . . .”
“And now your bum!
Your Holy Bum! Your Sacred Bum!
The Bum of Paradise!”
“Oh, my Scamánder, I must have your help . . .”
“Anything!”
The towel goes curling off,
And as she floated on his stream
Our Lady Aphrodité said:
“At any moment now the Greeks will reach your
Troy-side bank . . .”
Recall those sequences
When horsemen ride out of the trees and down into a
Somewhere in Kansas or Missouri, say.
So—save they were thousands—Greece
Into Scamánder’s ford.
stream
Coming downstream,
A smallish wave
That passes
But
Scamánder’s flow does not relapse.
Indeed
Almost without a sound
Its murmuring radiance rose
Into a dark, torrential surge,
Clouded with boulders, crammed with trees, as clamorous
21
as if it were a sea,
That lifted Greece, then pulled Greece down,
Cars gone, masks gone, gone under, reappearing, gone:
“Onto your knees! Praise Hector for this flood!
The Prince God loves!” Prince Hector claims
As he comes through the trees.
They do.
Then up and run, run, thousands of them,
To hold those Greeks who got back out
Under until their bubbles stopped; while those swept off
Turned somersaults amid Scamánder’s undertow.
The flat—
1000 yards of it between the river and the palisade.
The King:
“The Lord has not abandoned us.
To cross will be as bad for them.”
But it was not to be as bad for them.
Indeed,
As Hector drove towards Scamánder’s brink,
And as—their banners rising one by one,
One after one and then another one—
He and all Ilium began to enter it,
The river reassumed its softly-spoken, smooth, sunspangled way.
And Agamemnon cried:
“God, what are You for?
What use are You to me?”
As Hector cries:
22
“Two miracles!
Your Prince is close to God!”
And Hera to Athena:
“Fog?”
And fog came down.
And most of Greece got out.
Troy holding hands midstream.
An army peering through its masks.
Miss Tops and Thongs to God:
“Your Hera has . . .”
And with a wish He turned the fog to light
And with a word He called them back to Heaven.
Sky.
Snow.
The 1000 yards.
The palisade.
Hector:
“I am your Prince.
My name means He-Who-Holds.
Troy. And the plain. And now the ships.
For Troy!” his battle cry,
Rising into a common cry, that cry
Into a clamour, and that clamour to
Bayings of hatred.
23
800 yards.
The Child:
“We are the Greeks. We fight to win. If one is lost,
Close his eyes, step over him, and kill his enemy.”
800 yards.
The Greeks are tiring.
Nestor is on his knees:
“God of all Gods, Most Holy and Most High,
If Greece has ever sacrificed fresh blood to you,
Protect our ships.”
Heaven.
Soft music. Summertime. Queen Hera and Athena? Yes . . .
Some lesser gods
Observing their approach, approach,
Salaam, and then
Lead them—
Now both in black wraparound tops—
To God:
“Darling Daddy, here we are.”
“And” (Hera) “here we stay
Until you stop that worthless Hector killing Greeks.”
Up steps Love.
Hera: “Why is she wearing a tent?”
Love: “Father, see this.” (Her wrist.)
“Human strikes god! Communism! The end of everything!”
“Darlings,” He said,
“You know that being a god means being blamed.
Do this—no good. Do that—the same. The answer is:
Avoid humanity.
Remember—I am God.
I see the bigger picture.”
24
“And I am Hera, Heaven’s Queen,
Greece worships me.”
“Stuff Greece,” Love said.
“Your blubber-bummed wife with her gobstopper nipples
Hates Troy because Troy’s Paris put her last
When we stripped off for him.
As for the Ithacan boat-boy’s undercurved preceptatrix,
She hates Troy because my statue stands on its acropolis.”
Hera: “The cities’ whores were taxed to pay for it.”
Love (Dropping onto her knees before Himself):
“Please . . . stop them harming Troy. The greatest city
in the world.”
While Hera and Athena sang:
“Cleavage! Cleavage!
Queen of the Foaming Hole.
Mammoth or man or midge
She sucks from pole to pole.”
And God has had enough of it.
Lifting His scales He said:
“Hector will have his day of victory.”
Then crashed them to the ground.
700 yards.
The palisade.
Its gate.
Late sunlight on gilt beaks.
“There’s no escape from Troy.”
“Or from the plain at Troy.”
25
Begging for ransom, Trojan Hoti,
His arms around King Menelaos’ knees.
King Agamemnon: “Off.”
Then he punched Hoti in the face.
Then punched him in the face again.
And then again. And when he fell
King Agamemnon kicked him in the groin.
Kicking him in the groin with so much force
It took a step to follow up each kick.
Then pulled him up,
Then dragged him by his hair
This way and that,
Then left him, calling:
“Finish him off.”
And someone did.
“I was sixteen. I said: ‘Where is Achilles?’
Hard as it is to share another’s troubles when your own are pressing
Great Ajax took my hands in his and said:
‘He loves us. He is with us. He will come.’”
But he did not.
Then Ajax to himself:
“Dear Lord, you made me straight.
Give me the strength to last till dark.”
The Prince: “I get past
Their war is lost.”
everything I see.
It was.
Aenéas, Ábassee, Sarpédon, Gray,
Calling to one another down the line.
Then, with a mighty wall of sound,
As if a slope of stones
Rolled down into a lake of broken glass
26
We ran at them.
And now the light of evening has begun
To shawl across the plain:
Blue gray, gold gray, blue gold,
Translucent nothingnesses
Readying our space,
Within the deep, unchanging sea of space,
For Hesper’s entrance, and the silver wrap.
Covered with blood, mostly their own,
Loyal to death, reckoning to die
Odysseus, Ajax, Diomed,
Idomeneo, Nestor, Menelaos
And the King:
“Do not die because others have died.”
“Do not show them the palms of your hands.”
“Achil!”
“Achil!”
“If he won’t help us, Heaven help us.”
“Stand still and fight.”
“Feel shame in one another’s eyes.”
“I curse you, God. You are a liar, God.
Troy will be yours by dark—immortal lies.”
“Home!”
“Home!”
“There’s no such place.”
“You can’t launch burning ships.”
“More men survive if no one runs.”
But that is what Greece did.
Dropping their wounded,
Throwing down their dead,
Their shields, their spears, their swords,
They ran.
27
Leaving their heroes tattered, filthy, torn
And ran
And ran
Above their cries:
“I am the Prince! The victory is mine!”
Chylábborak:
“Do not take cowardice for granted.”
Scarce had he said it, when
His son, Kykéon, standing next to him
Took Ajax’ final spear cast in his chest.
“I shall not wear your armour, Sir,” he said.
And died.
“My son is dead.”
The Prince:
“Hector is loved by God.”
And Greece, a wall of walking swords,
But walking backwards,
Leaving the plain in silence
And in tears.
Idomeneo,
Running back out at those Trojans who came too close:
“You know my name. Come look for me. And boy,
The day you do will be the day you die.”
28
Hector to Troy:
“Soldiers!—
Unmatched my force, unconquerable my will.
After ten years of days, in one long day
To be remembered for as many days
As there are days to come, this is my day,
Your Hector’s day. Troy given back to Troy.
My day of victory!”
And when the cheering died:
“Some say: destroy Greece now. But I say no.
Out of your cars. Eat by your fires.
Two hundred fires! Around each fire
Five hundred men!
“The sound of grindstones turning through the night,
The firelight that stands between our blades,
So let King Agamemnon’s Own hold hands
And look into each other’s frightened eyes.
“True God! Great Master of the Widespread Sky!
If only you would turn
Me into a god,
As you, through me,
Tomorrow by their ships
Will see Greece die.”
Silence.
A ring of lights.
Within
Immaculate
In boat-cloaks lined with red
King Agamemnon’s lords—
The depression of retreat.
29
The depression of returning to camp.
Him at the centre of their circle
Sobbing,
Then shouting:
“We must run for it!”
Dark glasses in parked cars.
“King Agamemnon of Mycenae,
God called, God raised, God recognized,
You are a piece of shit,” Diomed said.
Silence again.
“Let us praise God,” Lord Ajax said,
“That Hector stopped before he reached the ships.”
Silence again.
Then
Nestor
(Putting his knee back in):
“Paramount Agamemnon, King of Kings,
Lord of the Shore, the Islands and the Sea
I shall begin, and end, with you.
Greece needs good words. Like them or not, the credit
will be yours.
Determined. Keen to fight, that is our Diomed—
As I should know. When just a boy of ten I fought
Blowback of Missolonghi, a cannibal, drank blood,
He captured you, he buggered you, you never walked again.
But Diomed lacks experience.
God has saved us, momentarily.
God loves Achilles.
You took, and you have kept, Achilles’ ribband she.”
“I was a fool!”
30
“And now you must appease him, Agamemnon.
Humble words. Hands shaken. Gifts.”
The King—wiping his eyes:
“As usual,
Pylos has said the only things worth hearing.
I was mad to take the she.
I shall pay fitting damages.
Plus her, I offer him
The Corfiot armour that my father wore.”
Silence.
The sea.
Its whispering.
“To which I add: a set of shields.
Posy, standard, ceremonial.
The last, cut from the hide of a one ton Lesbian bull.”
Silence.
The sea.
“And . . . a chariot!
From my own équipe!
They smoke along the ground . . .
They ride its undulations like a breeze . . .”
The sea.
“Plus: six horses—saddled, bridled and caparisoned,
Their grooms and veterinarians . . .
. . . And six tall shes:
Two good dancers, two good stitchers, two good cooks.
All capable of bearing boys . . .
“Oh, very well then: twenty loaves of gold,
31
The same of silver, and the same of iron.”
Masks. Lights.
Behind the lords
Some hundreds from the army have walked up.
Lord Nestor smiles.
Lord Menelaos smiles.
“Plus—
Though it may well reduce your King to destitution:
A’kimi’kúriex,
My summer palace by the Argive sea,
Its lawns, its terraces, its curtains in whose depths
Larks dive above a field of waving lilies
And fishscale-breakers shatter on blue rocks.
Then, as he draws their silky heights aside,
Standing among huge chests of looted booty,
Long necked, with lowered lids, but candid eyes,
My living daughter, Íphaniss, a diamond
Big as a cheeseball for her belly stud.
His wife to be! minus—I need not say—her otherwise huge
bride-price.”
“More!”
“More!”
“More!”
Lord Ajax almost has to hold him up.
“The whole of eastern Pel’po’nesia—
An area of outstanding natural beauty—
Its cities, Epi’dávros, Trów’é’zen,
Their fortresses, their harbours and their fleets,
Their taxpayers—glad to accept his modest ways—
All this, the greatest benefaction ever known,
If he agrees to fight. And he admits I am his King.”
Instantly, Nestor:
“An offer God himself could not refuse.
All that remains to say is:
Who shall take it to Achilles?”
32
Agamemnon: “You will.”
Starlight.
The starlight on the sea.
The sea.
Its whispering
Mixed with the prayers
Of Ajax and of Nestor as they walk
Along the shore towards Achilles’ gate.
“My lords?”
“Your lord.”
“This way.”
They find him, with guitar,
Singing of Gilgamesh.
“Take my hands. Here they are.”
You cannot take your eyes away from him.
His own so bright they slow you down.
His voice so low, and yet so clear.
You know that he is dangerous.
“Patroclus?
33
Friends in need.
Still,
Friends.
That has not changed,
I think.
Autómedon? Wine.
“Dear Lord and Master of the Widespread Sky,
Accept ourselves, accept our prayers.”
Their cups are taken.
“Father friend?”
King Nestor (for his life):
“You know why we are here.
We face death.
The mass choose slavery.
Mycenae has admitted he was wrong to wrong yourself.
In recompense he offers you
The greatest benefaction ever known.
Take it, and fight. Or else Hector will burn the ships
Then kill us randomly.
Remember what your Father said
The day when Ajax and myself drove up to ask
If you could come with us to Troy?
That you should stand among the blades where honour grows.
And secondly, to let your anger go.
Spirit, and strength, and beauty have combined
Such awesome power in you
A vacant Heaven would offer you its throne.
Think of what those who will come after us will say.
Save us from Hector’s god, from Hector, and from Hector’s force.
I go down on my knees to you, Achilles.”
“I must admire your courage, father friend,
For treating me as if I was a fool.
34
I shall deal with Hector as I want to.
You and your fellow countrymen will die
For how your King has treated me.
I have spent five years fighting for your King.
My record is: ten coastal and ten inland cities
Burnt to the ground. Their males, massacred.
Their cattle, and their women, given to him.
Among the rest, Briseis the Beautiful, my ribband she.
Not that I got her courtesy of him.
She joined my stock in recognition of
My strength, my courage, my superiority,
Courtesy of yourselves, my lords.
I will not fight for him.
He aims to personalise my loss.
Briseis taken from Achilles—standard practice:
Helen from Menelaos—war.
Lord Busy Busy, building his palisade, mounting my she,
One that I might have picked to run my house,
Raising her to the status of a wife.
Do I hate him? Yes, I hate him. Hate him.
And should he be afraid of me? He should.
I want to harm him. I want him to feel pain.
In his body, and between his ears.
I must admit,
Some of the things that you have said are true.
But look what he has done to me! To me!
The king on whom his kingliness depends!
I will not fight for him.
Hearing your steps, I thought: at last,
My friends have come to visit me.
They took their time about it, true—
After he took my she none of you came—
Now, though—admittedly they are in trouble,
Serious trouble—they have arrived as friends,
And of their own accord.
But you have not come here as friends.
And you have not come of your own accord.
You came because your King told you to come.
You came because I am his last resort.
And, incidentally, your last resort.
35
At least he offers stuff.
All you have offered is advice:
‘Keep your temper . . .
Mind your tongue . . .
Think what the world will say . . .’
No mention of your King’s treatment of me.
No sign of love for me behind your tears.
I will not fight for him.
I can remember very well indeed
The day you two grand lords came visiting my father’s house,
How I ran out to you, and took your hands—
The greatest men that I had ever seen:
Ajax, my fighting cousin, strong, brave, unafraid to die;
Nestor, the King of Sandy Pylos, wisdom’s sword.
And then, when all had had enough to eat and drink
And it was sealed that I should come to Troy,
Then my dear father said that lordship knows
Not only how to fight, and when to hold its tongue,
But of the difference between a child enraged
And honour bound lords.
I will not fight for him.
There is a King to be maintained. You are his lords.
My fighting powers prove my inferiority.
Whatever he, through you, may grant,
I must receive it as a favour, not of right,
Go back to him with downcast looks, a suppliant tone,
Acknowledge my transgressions—I did not
Applaud his sticky fingers on my she’s meek flesh.
My mother says I have a choice:
Live as a happy backwood king for aye
Or give the world an everlasting murmur of my name,
And die.
Be up tomorrow sharp
To see me sacrifice to Lord Poseidon and set sail.
Oh, yes, his gifts:
‘The greatest benefaction ever known.’
If he put Heaven in my hand I would not want it.
His offers magnify himself.
Likewise his child.
I do not want to trash the girl.
She is like me. Bad luck to have poor friends.
Bad luck to have his Kingship as your sire.
36
My father will select my wife.
Each spring a dozen local kings drive up
And lead their daughters naked round our yard.
Some decent local girl. My father’s worth
Is all the wealth we will require.
You Greeks will not take Troy.
You have disintegrated as a fighting force.
Troy is your cemetery. Blame your King.
The man who you say has done all he can.
The man who has admitted he was wrong.
But he has not done all he can.
And he has not admitted he was wrong.
Or not to me.
I want him here, your King.
His arms straight down his sides, his shoulders back,
Announcing loud and clear that he was wrong to take my she.
Apologising for that wrong, to me, the son of Péleus.
Before my followers, with you, Pylos and Salamis,
Crete. Sparta. Tyrins, Argos, Calydon, the Islands, here,
Stood to attention on either side of him.
That is my offer. Take it, or die.
Nestor may stay the night.
You, dear cousin Ajax, tell your King what I have said.
Preferably, in front of everyone.”
Who said,
As my Achilles lifted his guitar:
“Lord, I was never so bethumped with words
Since first I called my father Dad.”
The sea.
Their feet along the sand to Agamemnon’s gate.
And in starlit air
The Trojans singing:
“I love my wife, I love her dearly,
I love the hole she pisses through,
37
I love her lily-white tits
And her nut-brown arsehole,
I could eat her shit with a wooden spoon.”
~ Christopher Logue,#NFDB
7 Integral Yoga
2 Psychology
2 Occultism
2 Fiction
1 Hinduism
1 Christianity
4 Sri Aurobindo
3 The Mother
3 Carl Jung
2 H P Lovecraft
2 Lovecraft - Poems
2 Aion
0 1967-10-19, #Agenda Vol 08, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
Not this year, but it says there will be a terrible battle before the second coming of Christ. I know nothing about that myself! But a lady disciple in Holland has written a letter: it seems everyone there is terror-stricken, theres panic all over the country (!) and they say its the year of the battle. And here in India (not concertedly, of course), astrologers have said that September and October are months of a terrible battle (maybe not a war, but a battle) between Truth and Falsehood. There in Holland, it seems its like in the year 1000: they gather for meditations, entreaties, collective prayers. Well. And here, its the same thing, they are panic-stricken.
But battle there is. You cant move a finger without waging a battle.
1.03 - Measure of time, Moments of Kashthas, etc., #Vishnu Purana, #Vyasa, #Hinduism
[6]: 'One and seventy enumerations of the four ages, with a surplus.' A similar reading occurs in several other Purāṇas, but none of them state of what the surplus or addition consists; but it is, in fact, the number of years required to reconcile two computations of the Kalpa. The most simple, and probably the original calculation of a Kalpa, is its being 1000 great ages, or ages of the gods: ### Bhaviṣya P. Then 4.320.000 years, or a divine age, x 1000 = 4320.000.000 years, or a day or night of Brahmā,. But a day of Brahmā is also seventy-one times a great age multiplied by fourteen: 4.320.000 x 71 x 14= 4.294.080.000, or less than the preceding by 25.920.000; and it is to make up for this deficiency that a certain number of years must be added to the computation by Manvantaras. According to the Sūrya Siddhānta, as cited by Mr. Davis (A. R. 2. 231), this addition consists of a Sandhi to each Manvantara, equal to the Satya age, or 5.728.000 years; and one similar Sandhi at the commencement of the Kalpa: thus p. 25 4.320.000 x 71 = 306.720.000 + 1.728.000 = 308.448.000 x 14 = 4318.272.000 + 1.728.000 = 4320.000.000. The Pauranics, however, omit the Sandhi of the Kalpa, and add the whole compensation to the Manvantaras. The amount of this in whole numbers is 1.851.428 in each Manvantara, or 4.320.000 x 71= 306.720.000 + 1.851.428 = 308.571.428 x 14 = 4319.999.992; leaving a very small inferiority to the result of the calculation of a Kalpa by a thousand great ages. To provide for this deficiency, indeed, very minute subdivisions are admitted into the calculation; and the commentator on our text says, that the additional years, if of gods, are 5142 years, 10 months, 8 days, 4 watches, 2 Muhūrttas, 8 Kalās, 17 Kāṣṭhās, 2 Nimeṣas, and 1/7th; if of mortals, 1.851.428 years, 6 months, 24 days, 12 Nāris, 12 Kalās, 25 Kāṣṭhas, and 10 Nimeṣas. It will be observed, that in the Kalpa we have the regular descending series 4, 3, 2, with cyphers multiplied ad libitum.
[7]: The Brahma Vaivartta says 108 years, but this is unusual. Brahmā's life is but a Nimeṣa of Kṛṣṇa, according to that work; a Nimeṣa of Śiva, according to the Saiva Purāṇa.
1.05 - THE HOSTILE BROTHERS - ARCHETYPES OF RESPONSE TO THE UNKNOWN, #Maps of Meaning, #Jordan Peterson, #Psychology
explicit form from 1000-600 B.C. (and which undoubtedly depended for its form on much more ancient
less explicit ideas). The Zoroastrians developed a number of ideas which were later incorporated into
1.06 - The Sign of the Fishes, #Aion, #Carl Jung, #Psychology
magnae of the water trigon (2>, TIT.. X) fall m tne y ear s 1800 to 1600 and 1000
to 800 B.C.
1.14 - The Structure and Dynamics of the Self, #Aion, #Carl Jung, #Psychology
IV. 10 s = 1000 = Quarta Monas = chiliadike = Omnia sensibilia =
Corpus = ultima et sensibilis Unionum explicatio.
1.55 - Money, #Magick Without Tears, #Aleister Crowley, #Philosophy
I thought of this incident in Paris in the twenties, when I saw American tourists plaster the bonnets of their cars with 1000 franc notes, or tear them up and strew the floors of banks with them. Grimly I prognosticated Twenty-Nine. And it was so.
"Nice work!" you charmingly remark; but hardly what I sought to know." Patience, child!
1.69 - Farewell to Nemi, #The Golden Bough, #James George Frazer, #Occultism
1000 1997 August
1500 1998 October
1951-04-05 - Illusion and interest in action - The action of the divine Grace and the ego - Concentration, aspiration, will, inner silence - Value of a story or a language - Truth - diversity in the world, #Questions And Answers 1950-1951, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
So you think you are not in the illusion? You imagine you are outside the illusion? In the world as it is now, all is illusion. It is perhaps an advantage, but you see only the surface of things, at most a very small partyou do not see the depth of things, you do not see the core of things, you do not see the cause of things. Do you know what is going to happen tomorrow? You may guess it more or less, telling yourself that it will be like today but you dont know it at all. You do not know what is going to happen tomorrow, still less in a months time, yet less in a year. And do you know where you were before your birth? And do you know what will happen to you after your death? You take interest in what you do just because you do not know what is going to happen. If you were fully in the know of what is going to happen, I am sure that 999 persons in a 1000 would sit down quietly waiting for it to happen. If you know exactly what is going to take place, all your enthusiasm would evaporate and in most cases you would say, Have I to do all this to get there? Ah! no
Then illusion is necessary?
1957-02-07 - Individual and collective meditation, #Questions And Answers 1957-1958, #The Mother, #Integral Yoga
From the beginning of human history, it is known that certain groups of people would meet to express a certain common state of soul: some to sing together the praise of God, hymns, thanksgiving, to express adoration, thankfulness, gratitude, and to praise God; othersand there are historical examples of thisa certain number of people gathered together for a common invocation, for instance, to ask God for something, and this was done all together, united, in the hope that this invocation, this prayer, this asking would carry more weight. There have been some very famous instances. A very old one occurred in 1000 A.D. when some prophets had announced that it was the end of the world and everywhere people gathered together to offer common prayers and ask that the world may not come to an end (!) or anyway, for it to be protected. Much more recently, in modern times, when King George of England was dying of pneumonia, people assembled in England, not only in the churches but even in the streets in front of the royal palace, to offer prayers and ask God to cure him. It so happened that he recovered, and they believed that it was their prayers. That is, of course, the most external form, I could say the most worldly, of group meditation.
In all initiatory groups, in all the spiritual schools of ancient times, group meditation was always practised and in that case the motive was quite different. They assembled for a collective progress, to open together to a force, a light, an influence, and this is more or less what we want to try to do.
1f.lovecraft - At the Mountains of Madness, #Lovecraft - Poems, #unset, #Zen
and up to 1000 feet deep all formed, with needed accessories, no
greater load than three seven-dog sledges could carry; this being made
1f.lovecraft - The Rats in the Walls, #Lovecraft - Poems, #unset, #Zen
centre of a cult feared through half the heptarchy. About 1000 A.D. the
place is mentioned in a chronicle as being a substantial stone priory
2.09 - SEVEN REASONS WHY A SCIENTIST BELIEVES IN GOD, #God Exists, #Swami Sivananda Saraswati, #Hinduism
Suppose you put ten pennies, marked from one to ten, into your pocket and give them a good shuffle. Now try to take them out in sequence from one to ten, putting back the coin each time and shaking them all again. Mathematically we know that your chance of first drawing number one is one in ten; of drawing one and two in succession, one in 100; of drawing one, two and three in succession, one in 1000, and so on; your chance of drawing them all, from number one to number ten in succession, would reach the unbelievable figure of one in ten billion.
By the same reasoning, so many exacting conditions are necessary for life on the earth that they could not possibly exist in proper relationship by chance. The earth rotates on its axis 1000 miles an hour at the equator; if it turned at 100 miles an hour, our days and nights would be ten times as long as now, and the hot sun would likely burn up our vegetation each long day while in the long night any surviving sprout might well freeze.
Again the sun, source of our life, has a surface temperature of 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, and our earth is just far enough away so that this eternal life warms us just enough and not too much ! If the sun gave off only one half its present radiation, we would freeze, and if it gave as much more, we would roast.
2.18 - January 1939, #Evening Talks With Sri Aurobindo, #unset, #Zen
Sri Aurobindo: It is another form of robbery and yet, in spite of it all, I don't understand how France produces only 250 aeroplanes as compared to a 1000 of Germany! I don't know what these goverments do with the huge sums they get. There is a sufficiently honest administration in England. The public are uneasy about the war.
Disciple: Even some of the princes have been caught smuggling.
28.01 - Observations, #Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol 06, #Nolini Kanta Gupta, #Integral Yoga
16000 is a symbolic figure. 16 means full fullness - purnasya purnam; four represents completeness and square of four is complete completeness. The figure 1000 again means integrality, wholeness, cosmocity - infinity. Krishna consciousness is all this. Sahasrasirsa purusah. Gopikas - divine powers, emanations - Matrikas - to rule His new creation, His divine Lila. He was the lord of the Overmind, the cosmic manifestation. He cannot be satisfied with less than cosmic dimensions!
***
3.10 - The New Birth, #The Practice of Psycho therapy, #Carl Jung, #Psychology
ratio of 10, 100, 1000, 10,000, etc., just as the mystical body of the Church
is composed of an indefinitely large number of believers and is capable of
3.3.1 - Illness and Health, #Letters On Yoga IV, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
I do not know why working with X must make good health impossible, unless you mean that there is too much work imposed on you,but then the work can be lessened. In fact a complete rest and relief from the work can be arranged at present and for the future we can see afterwards. If you mean that working according to somebody elses ideas makes or keeps you ill, I do not see why it should be so. 999 people out of every 1000 do thatonly a few are able to carry out their own ideas and even they have to a large extent to suit their ideas to those of other people in the actual execution of their work. If you mean that to have to work under discipline, doing things in what you consider not the best way, makes you nervous, discouraged and ill, that is a pity. It would be so much better if you could leave the responsibility of the way of doing things to the Mother and do cheerfully what you have to do. However, if you cannot bring yourself to that attitude, some other way will have to be found hereafter. But at the present, if that is the case, to take rest as a relief would seem the only way.
***
Aeneid, #unset, #Arthur C Clarke, #Fiction
Italian precinct, where he went by the name of VIRBIUS. He married ARICIA and had a son, also named Virbius. vn, 1000.
Hip'potas a Trojan, killed by Camilla. Xi, 888.
BOOK XV. - The progress of the earthly and heavenly cities traced by the sacred history, #City of God, #Saint Augustine of Hippo, #Christianity
For they are by no means to be listened to who suppose that in those times years were differently reckoned, and were so short that one of our years may be supposed to be equal to ten of theirs. So that they say, when we read or hear that some man lived 900 years, we should understand ninety,ten of those years making but one of ours, and ten of ours equalling 100 of theirs. Consequently, as they suppose, Adam was twenty-three years of age when he begat Seth, and Seth himself was twenty years and six months old when his son Enos was born, though the Scripture calls these months 205 years. For, on the hypothesis of those whose opinion we are explaining, it was customary to divide one such year as we have into ten parts, and to call each part a year. And each of these parts was composed of six days squared; because God finished His works in six days, that He might rest the seventh. Of this I disputed according to my ability in the eleventh book.[170] Now six squared, or six times six, gives thirty-six days; and this multiplied by ten amounts to 360 days, or twelve lunar months. As for the five remaining days which are needed to complete the solar year, and for the fourth part of a day, which requires that into every fourth or leap-year a day be added, the ancients added such days as the Romans used to call "intercalary," in order to complete the number of the years. So that Enos, Seth's son, was nineteen years old when his son Cainan was born, though Scripture calls these years 190. And so through all the generations in which the ages of the antediluvians are given, we find in our versions that almost no one begat a son at the age of 100 or under, or even at the age of 120 or thereabouts; but the youngest fathers are recorded to have been 160 years old and upwards. And the reason of this, they say, is that no one can beget children when he is ten years old, the age spoken of by those men as 100, but that sixteen is the age of puberty, and competent now to propagate offspring; and this is the age[Pg 69] called by them 160. And that it may not be thought incredible that in these days the year was differently computed from our own, they adduce what is recorded by several writers of history, that the Egyptians had a year of four months, the Acarnanians of six, and the Lavinians of thirteen months.[171] The younger Pliny, after mentioning that some writers reported that one man had lived 152 years, another ten more, others 200, others 300, that some had even reached 500 and 600, and a few 800 years of age, gave it as his opinion that all this must be ascribed to mistaken computation. For some, he says, make summer and winter each a year; others make each season a year, like the Arcadians, whose years, he says, were of three months. He added, too, that the Egyptians, of whose little years of four months we have spoken already, sometimes terminated their year at the wane of each moon; so that with them there are produced lifetimes of 1000 years.
By these plausible arguments certain persons, with no desire to weaken the credit of this sacred history, but rather to facilitate belief in it by removing the difficulty of such incredible longevity, have been themselves persuaded, and think they act wisely in persuading others, that in these days the year was so brief that ten of their years equal but one of ours, while ten of ours equal 100 of theirs. But there is the plainest evidence to show that this is quite false. Before producing this evidence, however, it seems right to mention a conjecture which is yet more plausible. From the Hebrew manuscripts we could at once refute this confident statement; for in them Adam is found to have lived not 230 but 130 years before he begat his third son. If, then, this mean thirteen years by our ordinary computation, then he must have begotten his first son when he was only twelve or thereabouts. Who can at this age beget children according to the ordinary and familiar course of nature? But not to mention him, since it is possible he may have been able to beget his like as soon as he was created,for it is not credible that he was created so little as our infants are,not to mention him, his[Pg 70] son was not 205 years old when he begat Enos, as our versions have it, but 105, and consequently, according to this idea, was not eleven years old. But what shall I say of his son Cainan, who, though by our version 170 years old, was by the Hebrew text seventy when he beget Mahalaleel? If seventy years in those times meant only seven of our years, what man of seven years old begets children?
r1913 01 28, #Record of Yoga, #Sri Aurobindo, #Integral Yoga
Today, according to promise, proofs of the action of Aishwarya-ishita-vyapti in the karmasiddhi are beginning to crowd in; incidentally, the trikaldrishti is being justified against the relics of tamasic hesitation at every step. Dream became perfect in type, though still imperfectly organised, on its way to conversion into memorative experience in samadhi. Rupa in swapnasamadhi is now much more stable, although continuous experience in vision and in the sukshmadeha, as distinguished from continuous dream experience & momentary experiences in the sukshmadeha, are still held back from manifestation. Secondary utthapana in the neck increased in mahima, (maintenance while counting 1000 deliberately is the test), but defect of anima is still strong here and it resists successfully, in the back, the extension of the utthapana. Laghima is in all parts of the body sufficient, mahima variable, anima weak except in certain positions of the arms and legs. In the arms in the primary position utthapana can easily be maintained for an hour and, if necessary, for much longer. Arogya after a struggle gave proof of increasing force; there was the first real parthiva visrishti at the close of the seventh day, but even here the force of assimilation was proved by the absence of any serious reaction such as would have been inevitable a short while ago. Rupadrishti in the jagrat still progresses slowly & is perfect only in a few types, but its stability increases.
Dasya finally shed the remnants of the tertiary stage, & the quaternary dasyabuddhi is now constant & invariable whenever there is any turning of the mind towards the nature of the action, whatever the action may be. The purnabrahmadrishti is also normalised &, whenever there is smarana, invariable, whatever the object. Along with this development, there is perfect objective vishayananda even in the bibhatsa and jugupsita; the same perfection is establishing itself in the subjective vishaya, bibhatsa, apriya, amangala, & there are only a few defects. Kamananda fell to a minimum, but now persists under all circumstances and is not suspended at night, but is always there subject to the anusmarana. It is growing again in intensity, with the intention of maintaining intensity in the constancy. It still tends to diminish, though not disappear, while walking, and to become involved or implicit by distraction of attention.
Talks With Sri Aurobindo 1, #unset, #Arthur C Clarke, #Fiction
producing only 250 per month while Germany was producing 1000 and
England about 500 per month. Now they are trying to make up the deficit,
Talks With Sri Aurobindo 2, #Talks With Sri Aurobindo, #unset, #Zen
have given Rs. 1000 to the Allied war fund.
SATYENDRA: It is good Jaswant is in prison. Otherwise he would have
Verses of Vemana, #is Book, #unset, #Zen
Next: 1000-1099
1000
--- Overview of noun 1000
The noun 1000 has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts)
1. thousand, one thousand, 1000, M, K, chiliad, G, grand, thou, yard ::: (the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100)
--- Overview of adj 1000
The adj 1000 has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts)
1. (19) thousand, one thousand, 1000, m, k ::: (denoting a quantity consisting of 1,000 items or units)
--- Synonyms/Hypernyms (Ordered by Estimated Frequency) of noun 1000
1 sense of 1000
Sense 1
thousand, one thousand, 1000, M, K, chiliad, G, grand, thou, yard
=> large integer
=> integer, whole number
=> number
=> definite quantity
=> measure, quantity, amount
=> abstraction, abstract entity
=> entity
--- Hyponyms of noun 1000
1 sense of 1000
Sense 1
thousand, one thousand, 1000, M, K, chiliad, G, grand, thou, yard
=> millenary
--- Synonyms/Hypernyms (Ordered by Estimated Frequency) of noun 1000
1 sense of 1000
Sense 1
thousand, one thousand, 1000, M, K, chiliad, G, grand, thou, yard
=> large integer
--- Similarity of adj 1000
1 sense of 1000
Sense 1
thousand, one thousand, 1000, m, k
=> cardinal (vs. ordinal)
--- Antonyms of adj 1000
1 sense of 1000
Sense 1
thousand, one thousand, 1000, m, k
INDIRECT (VIA cardinal) -> ordinal
--- Coordinate Terms (sisters) of noun 1000
1 sense of 1000
Sense 1
thousand, one thousand, 1000, M, K, chiliad, G, grand, thou, yard
-> large integer
=> ten, 10, X, tenner, decade
=> eleven, 11, XI
=> twelve, 12, XII, dozen
=> teens
=> thirteen, 13, XIII, baker's dozen, long dozen
=> fourteen, 14, XIV
=> fifteen, 15, XV
=> sixteen, 16, XVI
=> seventeen, 17, XVII
=> eighteen, 18, XVIII
=> nineteen, 19, XIX
=> twenty, 20, XX
=> twenty-one, 21, XXI
=> twenty-two, 22, XXII
=> twenty-three, 23, XXIII
=> twenty-four, 24, XXIV, two dozen
=> twenty-five, 25, XXV
=> twenty-six, 26, XXVI
=> twenty-seven, 27, XXVII
=> twenty-eight, 28, XXVIII
=> twenty-nine, 29, XXIX
=> thirty, 30, XXX
=> forty, 40, XL
=> fifty, 50, L
=> sixty, 60, LX
=> seventy, 70, LXX
=> seventy-eight, 78, LXXVIII
=> eighty, 80, LXXX, fourscore
=> ninety, 90, XC
=> hundred, 100, C, century, one C
=> gross, 144
=> long hundred, great hundred, 120
=> five hundred, 500, D
=> thousand, one thousand, 1000, M, K, chiliad, G, grand, thou, yard
=> great gross, 1728
=> ten thousand, 10000, myriad
=> hundred thousand, 100000, lakh
=> million, 1000000, one thousand thousand, meg
=> crore
=> billion, one thousand million, 1000000000
=> billion, one million million, 1000000000000
=> trillion, one million million, 1000000000000
=> trillion, one million million million
=> quadrillion
=> quadrillion
=> quintillion
=> sextillion
=> septillion
=> octillion
=> aleph-null, aleph-nought, aleph-zero
--- Pertainyms of adj 1000
1 sense of 1000
Sense 1
thousand, one thousand, 1000, m, k
--- Derived Forms of adj 1000
--- Grep of noun 1000
1000
10000
100000
1000000
1000000000
1000000000000
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Wikipedia - List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp) (100001-200000) -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp) (1-100000) -- Wikipedia list article
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Wikipedia - List of named minor planets: 10000-19999 -- Wikipedia list article
Wikipedia - List of named minor planets: 1000-1999 -- Wikipedia list article
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Wikipedia - Southside 1-1000 -- 1950 film by Boris Ingster
Wikipedia - Speed skating at the 1976 Winter Olympics - Men's 1000 metres -- Speed skating at the Olympics
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Wikipedia - Speed skating at the 1984 Winter Olympics - Men's 1000 metres -- Speed skating at the Olympics
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Paul Merton ::: Born: July 9, 1957; Occupation: Writer;
Thomas Merton ::: Born: January 31, 1915; Died: December 10, 1968; Occupation: Writer;
Barbara Mertz ::: Born: September 29, 1927; Died: August 8, 2013; Occupation: Author;
W. S. Merwin ::: Born: September 30, 1927; Occupation: Poet;
Lionel Messi ::: Born: June 24, 1987; Occupation: Soccer player;
Nicholas Breton ::: Born: 1545; Died: 1626; Occupation: Poet;
Fred DuVal ::: Born: May 24, 1954; Occupation: Businessman;
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https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35496899.Betrayal__The_1000_Revolution___1_
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35510008-this-is-going-to-hurt
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35601657-1000-tage-sommer
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36100007-guts
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36100020-doms-of-the-lockdown-book-2
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36100022-thirsty
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36310005-star-witness
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36510007-positano
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36510008-hero
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/3761000-100-must-read-graphic-novels
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/37937080-emoji-the-iconic-brand-oltre-1000-stickers
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/38100043
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/38137099-1000-poemas-cl-sicos-que-debes-leer
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/38230178-1000-days-of-summer
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/38311694.the_1000_year_old_boy
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/38661214-the-1000-project
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/40211000-in-the-wake
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/40641000-wild-streak
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/40721000-black-acres
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/410009.Owl_at_Home
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/41998660-top-1000-arabic-words
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/42100015-unto-us-a-son-is-given
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/42122767-lmeden-nce-g-lmeniz-gereken-1000-karikat-r
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/43266569-detective-comics-2016--1000
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/43510007-the-gamercat-volume-2
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/43543311-the-early-middle-ages-284-1000
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/44100098-able-muse-winter-2018-no-26---print-edition
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/44910717-1000
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/491260.Bicycling_Magazine_s_1000_All_Time_Best_Tips
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/5100022-dragsters
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/527262.1000_Years_for_Revenge
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/55139.The_Year_1000
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/576.1000_Record_Covers
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6051000-snuf-en-de-verre-voetreis
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6093309-time-out-1000-things-to-do-in-new-york
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6100028-kleinstadtaff-re
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6100038
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/610004.Graveyard_Eyes
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/61000.Stand_Before_Your_God
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6352896-the-element-encyclopedia-of-1000-spells
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6374428-time-out-1000-things-to-do-in-london-for-under-10
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6471000-the-hite-report-on-women-loving-women
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6610003-the-how-of-happiness
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6861000-used-white-wife
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/7079945-the-hero-of-1000-years
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/7100050-the-hanging-tree
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/7881207-1000-years-of-annoying-the-french
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/795417.The_Year_1000_What_Life_Was_Like_At_the_Turn_of_the_First_Millennium
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8100015-by-nightfall
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/810002.Inventions_Researches_and_Writings_of_Nikola_Tesla
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/821000.Now_We_Are_Six
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8910004-a-handbook-of-new-testament-exegesis
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/91000.Conditions_Uncertain_and_Likely_to_Pass_Away
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/9210003-soul-traders
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/9410006-the-barn-dance
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100001.Glenn_Harrold
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100003.Mary_Elizabeth_Marlow
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100004.Catherine_Ponder
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000061.Edd_Vick
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/10000.Carly_Phillips
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100015.Edwene_Gaines
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/10001.Greg_Sheridan
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000207.Darko_Dukovski
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100027.Jim_Dwyer
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100028.Barry_Scheck
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100030.David_Ignatius
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000336.Daniel_Simberloff
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000338.Joseph_Grinnell
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100033.Joel_Kaplan
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000381.Philippa_Ballantine
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/10003.Laurie_Halse_Anderson
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000411.Claire_Hope_Cummings
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000450.Eshkol_Nevo
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000457.Thomas_R_Flagel
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000461.Lora_Lumpe
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000487.Boni_Ashburn
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100050.Michael_S_Rosenberg
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100054.Jerome_Silbergeld
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000569.Thomas_A_Watson
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000576.Philip_Gelatt
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000580.Fiona_Starr
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100059.Farhad_Daftary
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000604.Jacques_B_nigne_Bossuet
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100067.Charisse_Jones
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/10006839.Kristen_Brand
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/100068.Samuel_Edwards
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/10006.Mary_Downing_Hahn
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000834.NOT_A_BOOK
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000848.Quincy_J_Allen
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000848.Quincy_J__Allen
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000952.William_Bateson
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/10009734.P_M_McClure
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000977.Will_Belegon
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1000.William_Matthews
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1041000.FitzRoy_Richard_Somerset
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1081000.Stephen_S_Ilardi
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/110000.Carmine_Appice
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1100068.Gene_Yates
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1100089.Henry_H_Neff
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1100089.Henry_H__Neff
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1100089.Henry_H_Neff\
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/13801000.O_uz_Benlio_lu
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/14010000.Dana_Grant
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/14010001.Zachary_Scott_Hamilton
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/14010002.Austin_Heath
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/14100053.Rukmini_Srinivas
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/141000.Paul_Cain
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/14301000.David_Marcusson_Clavertz
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/14581000.Maxine_C_Johnson
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/15100001.Arthur_R_Kroeber
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/15100007.Rebecca_Schaeffer
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/15100008.Delani_Valin
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/15100009.Renee_Salkikar
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/15291000.David_R_Hamilton
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/16111000.Adriana_Domainguez
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/17131000.Beth_M_Stratton
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/17301000.Catherine_McIlwaine
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/17321000._
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/17371000.Patricia_Dsouza
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/17738917.1000lifehacks_com
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/18321000.Eniola_Aluko
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/18410008.Leya_Delray
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/19810008.R_L_King
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/210005.Tom_Chapin
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/2810009.Giovanni_Sabbatucci
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/301000.James_L_Gould
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/3100020.Jenny_Hval
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/3100027.Jacqueline_West
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/3100035.Ayala_Fader
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/3100093._
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/3321000.Mary_Rasch_Alt
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/341000.Fred_Hapgood
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/3910006.Ruth_D_Peterson
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4410008.Lisa_M_Hendey
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4710008._
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/5100095.J_R_Johansson
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/531000.Rob_Hill
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/610000.James_Jarvis
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/61000.Bob_Stahl
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/6510000.Sahar_Delijani
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/6510007.Angus_Trim
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/6521000.Rita_Grech
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/7010006.S_Ann_Cole
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/7181000.Rachel_Burns
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/7381000.E_A_Aymar
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/7410009.Sarah_Creech
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/7710004.Gary_Janetti
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/7851000.Stuart_I_Freedman
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/8110008.Rodney_Jones
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/821000.Eraserheads
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/831000.Firoze_Manji
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/9810006.Rick_Waldron
Goodreads author - Carly_Phillips
Goodreads author - Greg_Sheridan
Goodreads author - _
Goodreads author - David_Ignatius
Goodreads author - Joseph_Grinnell
Goodreads author - Philippa_Ballantine
Goodreads author - Laurie_Halse_Anderson
Goodreads author - Eshkol_Nevo
Goodreads author - Boni_Ashburn
Goodreads author - Michael_S_Rosenberg
Goodreads author - Jerome_Silbergeld
Goodreads author - Jacques_B_nigne_Bossuet
Goodreads author - Kristen_Brand
Goodreads author - Mary_Downing_Hahn
Goodreads author - NOT_A_BOOK
Goodreads author - Quincy_J_Allen
Goodreads author - P_M_McClure
Goodreads author - Henry_H_Neff
Goodreads author - Linda_M_Judd
Goodreads author - Noel_Vietmeyer
Goodreads author - Rebecca_Schaeffer
Goodreads author - Jacqueline_West
Goodreads author - _
Goodreads author - _
Goodreads author - Bob_Stahl
Goodreads author - Sahar_Delijani
Goodreads author - Joe_McFadden
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/1000
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_by_country
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_in_Europe
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_in_international_relations
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_in_military_history
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_in_politics
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_in_religion
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_architecture
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_BC
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_books
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_by_continent
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_by_country
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Asia
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Bulgaria
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Christianity
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_England
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Europe
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_France
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Germany
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_international_relations
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Italy
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_military_history
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_politics
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_religion
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Russia
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Spain
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_the_Byzantine_Empire
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_in_Ukraine
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_works
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:Born_in_the_1000s
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/Category:Died_in_the_1000s
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/File:1000th_Council_tenant,_77_Streamside,_Mangotsfield,_Bristol.jpg
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_Europeaan_vaccineert_Indonesische_pati%C3%ABnten_met_neosalvarsaan_tegen_de_ziekte_framboesia_TMnr_10006691.jpg
https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/List_of_famous_people/1000
https://greekmythology.wikia.org/wiki/File:S-l1000.jpg
https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Landkreuzer_P._1000_Ratte
https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Solothurn_S-18/1000
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000_establishments
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_architecture
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_BC
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_births
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Category:1000s_deaths
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0141000031
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810002132
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1424310008
https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Christian_missions#1000_to_1499
1000 Views of God
https://thoughtsandvisions-searle88.blogspot.com/2015/03/prisoners-could-serve-1000-year.html
dedroidify.blogspot - daily-dedroidify-10000-days
dedroidify.blogspot - wtf-11000-people-on-dzhokhar-tsarnaev
Psychology Wiki - Special:RecentChanges?limit=1000
https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Film/Die1000AugenDesDrMabuse
https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Film/HouseOf1000Corpses
https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/UsefulNotes/SG1000
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Aquatica1000
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/Emillang1000
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/N00bmaster1000
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/N1000sh
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Tropers/ToddTheT1000
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Category:1000s_births
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Category:1000s_deaths
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/File:Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/File:Fontaine-Saint-Michel-p1000419.jpg
The $1,000,000 Chance Of A Lifetime (1986 - 1987) - Before Deal Or No Deal, before Weakest Link, before Survivor and even before Who Wants To Be A Millionaire, there was The $1,000,000 Chance Of A Lifetime. Hosted by Jim Lange.
The $100,000 Pyamid (1985 - Current) - An updated nighttime version of The $25,000 Pyramid where in addition to winning $10,000 or $25,000 in the Winners Circle the 3 contestants who went to the top of the pyramid quicker returned for a tournamet of Champions.
The Dark Crystal(1982) - Another planet, another time. 1000 years ago the Dark Crystal was damaged by one of the Urskeks and an age of chaos began. Now the time of the great conjunction of the three suns is near. If the crystal is not healed now the control of the evil Skekses will last forever. Jen the last of the Gelfings...
Mannequin Two: On the Move(1991) - Once upon a time, the prince of kingdom Hauptman-Koenig was deeply in love with the farmer's daughter Jessie. But his mother didn't approve this and cursed her to stiffen to a statue for 1000 years. Now, almost 1000 years later, she's brought to a department store for an exhibition. Unknowingly trai...
Prehysteria 2(1994) - This made-for-video adventure is aimed squarely at younger audiences. The energetic quintet of pygmy dinosaurs that formed the basis of Prehysteria, returns, this time with an entirely different cast of people. Their exploits begin after they escape from their pen and leave the farm where they first...
The Devils Rejects(2005) - In this sequal to House of 1000 Corpses, Captain Spaulding,Otis,and Baby are on the run from the police following the events of House of 1000 Corpses.
House of 1000 Corpses(2003) - In 1977, four people set out on a road trip to wright a book about roadside attractions. On the way they encounter several things that eventually lead to their death.
House Of 1,000 Corpses(2003) - Two teenage couples traveling across the backwoods of Texas searching for urban legends of murder end up as prisoners of a bizarre and sadistic backwater family of serial killers.
10,000 BC(2008) - In 10,000 BC, a tribe of hunter-gatherers called the Yagahl live in a remote mountain range in the Urals and survive by killing woolly mammoths. D'Leh, a young hunter, has a companion named Evolet, an orphan who was found by the tribe. D'Leh, while hunting mammoths, manages to kill one and wins the...
Norbit(2007) - A mild-mannered guy who is engaged to a monstrous woman meets the woman of his dreams, and schemes to find a way to be with her.
Millennium(1989) - An NTSB investigator seeking the cause of an airline disaster meets a warrior woman from 1000 years in the future. She replaces the people from airplanes before they crash with corpses with the same features.
https://myanimelist.net/anime/10005/Tetsujin_28-gou__Hakuchuu_no_Zangetsu -- Action, Adventure, Mecha, Sci-Fi
https://myanimelist.net/anime/1000/Uchuu_Kaizoku_Captain_Herlock -- Action, Sci-Fi, Adventure, Space, Drama, Seinen
https://myanimelist.net/anime/10321/Uta_noPrince-sama_Maji_Love_1000 -- Harem, Music, Comedy, Romance, School, Shoujo
https://myanimelist.net/anime/1548/Shin_Taketori_Monogatari__1000-nen_Joou -- Drama, Mystery, Sci-Fi
https://myanimelist.net/anime/1549/1000-nen_Joou__Queen_Millennia -- Adventure, Fantasy, Drama, Sci-Fi
https://myanimelist.net/anime/17969/Tanken_Driland__1000-nen_no_Mahou -- Adventure, Fantasy
https://myanimelist.net/manga/10000/Bungaku_Shoujo_Series
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100011/Sono_Mono_Nochi_ni
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100035/Tongari_Boushi_no_Atelier
https://myanimelist.net/manga/10003/KoigokoroSenpukuchuu
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100051/Kimi_no_Na_wa_Another_Side__Earthbound
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100052/Grancrest_Senki
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100077/Dr_Prisoner
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100079/Oroka_na_Tenshi_wa_Akuma_to_Odoru
https://myanimelist.net/manga/10007/Shissou_Nikki
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100085/Tensei_shitara_Dragon_no_Tamago_datta__Saikyou_Igai_Mezasanee
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100090/Otonari_Complex
https://myanimelist.net/manga/100091/Datte_Oishii_no_ga_Warui
https://myanimelist.net/manga/121000/Kimi_ga_Shine__Tasuuketsu_Death_Game
1000 Ways to Die ::: TV-14 | 23min | Documentary | TV Series (20082012) -- Several different deaths based on true stories. Creator: Thom Beers
Blood of Zeus ::: TV-MA | 30min | Animation, Action, Fantasy | TV Series (2020 ) -- A commoner living in ancient Greece, Heron discovers his true heritage as a son of Zeus, and his purpose: to save the world from a demonic army. Creators:
Foxcatcher (2014) ::: 7.0/10 -- R | 2h 14min | Biography, Drama, History | 16 January 2015 (USA) -- U.S. Olympic wrestling champions and brothers Mark Schultz and Dave Schultz join "Team Foxcatcher", led by eccentric multi-millionaire John du Pont, as they train for the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, South Korea, but John's self-destructive behavior threatens to consume them all. Director: Bennett Miller
Gandahar (1987) ::: 7.1/10 -- PG | 1h 18min | Animation, Adventure, Fantasy | 20 September 1989 (USA) -- An evil force from a 1000 years in the future begins to destroy an idyllic paradise, where the citizens are in perfect harmony with nature. Director: Ren Laloux Writers: Ren Laloux (adaptation), Jean-Pierre Andrevon (novel) | 2 more credits
Heavenly Creatures (1994) ::: 7.3/10 -- R | 1h 39min | Biography, Crime, Drama | 14 October 1994 (New Zealand) -- Two teenage girls share a unique bond; their parents, concerned that the friendship is too intense, separate them, and the girls take revenge. Director: Peter Jackson Writers:
Heavyweights (1995) ::: 6.7/10 -- PG | 1h 40min | Comedy, Drama, Family | 17 February 1995 (USA) -- Plump kids are lured into joining a posh fat camp with the promise of quick weight loss and good times, only to find that the facility is a woodland hellhole run by a psycho ex-fitness instructor. Director: Steven Brill Writers:
Killing Zoe (1993) ::: 6.5/10 -- R | 1h 36min | Crime, Thriller | September 1994 (USA) -- The cab driver sets American Zed up with Zoe in his Paris hotel. Despite FFR1000 charged, she's an art student with day jobs e.g. bank. Safecracker Zed meets his junkie friend after 11 years to rob a bank. Director: Roger Avary Writer:
Life Is Sweet (1990) ::: 7.5/10 -- R | 1h 43min | Comedy, Drama | December 1991 (USA) -- A shop assistant, her cook husband, & their twin daughters ponder their lives over a few weeks in a working-class suburb north of London. Director: Mike Leigh Writer: Mike Leigh
Longtime Companion (1989) ::: 7.6/10 -- R | 1h 36min | Drama, Romance | 1 May 1990 (Portugal) -- The emergence and devastation of the AIDS epidemic is chronicled in the lives of several gay men living during the 1980s. Director: Norman Ren Writer: Craig Lucas
Lord of the Flies (1990) ::: 6.4/10 -- R | 1h 30min | Adventure, Drama, Thriller | 16 March 1990 (USA) -- Stranded on an island, a group of schoolboys degenerate into savagery. Director: Harry Hook Writers: William Golding (novel) (as Sir William Golding), Jay Presson Allen (screenplay) (as Sara Schiff)
Recount (2008) ::: 7.4/10 -- TV-MA | 1h 56min | Drama, History | TV Movie 25 May 2008 -- A chronicle of the weeks after the 2000 U.S. Presidential election, and the subsequent recounts in Florida. Director: Jay Roach Writer: Danny Strong Stars:
Secret Diary of a Call Girl ::: TV-MA | 30min | Drama | TV Series (20072011) -- Based on the popular diary of the anonymous sex worker known only as Belle de Jour. Creator: Lucy Prebble
The Long Walk Home (1990) ::: 7.3/10 -- PG | 1h 37min | Drama, History | 12 April 1991 (Brazil) -- Two women, black and white, in 1955 Montgomery Alabama, must decide what they are going to do in response to the famous bus boycott led by Martin Luther King. Director: Richard Pearce Writer:
The Most Hated Family in America (2007) ::: 8.0/10 -- Not Rated | 1h | Documentary | TV Movie 1 April 2007 -- Louis meets the Phelps family, who protest against an America that tolerates homosexuality Director: Geoffrey O'Connor Writer: Louis Theroux Stars:
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Uta no☆Prince-sama♪: Maji Love 1000% -- -- A-1 Pictures -- 13 eps -- Visual novel -- Harem Music Comedy Romance School Shoujo -- Uta no☆Prince-sama♪: Maji Love 1000% Uta no☆Prince-sama♪: Maji Love 1000% -- Haruka Nanami, an aspiring composer from the countryside, longs to write music for her beloved idol, Hayato Ichinose. Determined to accomplish this goal, she enrolls into Saotome Academy, a highly regarded vocational school for the performing arts. -- -- Upon her arrival, Haruka soon learns that everyone on staff, including the headmaster, is either an idol, a composer, or a poet. To top it all off, she is surrounded by incredibly talented future idols and composers, and the competition among the students is fierce; with the possibility of recruitment by the Shining Agency upon graduation, the stakes are incredibly high. As she strives to reach her dream at the academy, one fateful night, a series of events lead Haruka to a mysterious man standing in the moonlight, and he seems a bit familiar... -- -- TV - Jul 3, 2011 -- 171,922 7.08
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1000
$1000
1000
1000
10000000 (video game)
10000 lps
10000 Years Later
10001 Palermo
1000 Airplanes on the Roof
1000 AM
1000 Awesome Things
1000 Blank White Cards
1000 Clowns
1000 Connecticut Avenue
1000 Crore Club
1000 de La Gauchetire
1000 Fires
1000 Forms of Fear
1000 Friends of Oregon
1000Fryd
1000 Gecs
1000 Gecs and the Tree of Clues
1000 Genomes Project
1000 Guineas Stakes
1000 gute Grnde
1000 Homo DJs
1000hp
1000hp (album)
1000 Hurts
1000 Islands History Museum
1000 Islands Tower
1000 kilometr lenktyns
1000 km Brands Hatch
1000 km Buenos Aires
1000 km Catalunya
1000 km Istanbul
1000 km Jarama
1000 km Monza
1000 km Zeltweg
1000M
1000 Main
1000 Mankai no Kiss
1000 metres
1000 Miles
1000minds
1000 Mona Lisas
1000nen, Zutto Soba ni Ite...
1000 (number)
1000 Oceans
1000 Oru Note Paranja Katha
1000 percent
1000 Piazzia
1000 Roses
1000s
1000s BC (decade)
1000s (decade)
1000 Second Avenue
1000 series
1000 Sherbrooke West
1000s in art
1000s in England
1000s in poetry
1000 Smiling Knuckles
1000 Song Challenge
1000 Stars
1000 Stars (song)
1000 Thalaivangi Apoorva Chinthamani
1000th anniversary of the Christianization of Rus'
1000 Thoughts of Violence
1000 times
1000 to 1: The Cory Weissman Story
1000 Ways to Die
1000 Ways to Lie
1000-Word Philosophy
1000 Words
1000X (EP)
1000 Years of Popular Music
1000 yen note
1953 1000km of Nrburgring
1956 1000km of Nrburgring
1957 1000km of Nrburgring
1967 European Indoor Games Men's 3 1000 metres relay
1968 European Indoor Games Men's 3 1000 metres relay
1969 European Indoor Games Men's 3 1000 metres relay
1970 1000km of Nrburgring
1973 1000 Lakes Rally
1973 Hardie-Ferodo 1000
1974 Hardie-Ferodo 1000
1975 Hardie Ferodo 1000
1976 Hardie-Ferodo 1000
1977 Hardie-Ferodo 1000
1978 Hardie-Ferodo 1000
1979 Hardie-Ferodo 1000
1980 Hardie-Ferodo 1000
1981 James Hardie 1000
1982 James Hardie 1000
1983 1000 km of Nrburgring
1983 James Hardie 1000
1984 1000 km of Nrburgring
1984 James Hardie 1000
1984 Sandown 1000
1985 James Hardie 1000
1986 1000 km of Brands Hatch
1986 1000 km of Fuji
1986 1000 km of Nrburgring
1986 1000 km of Silverstone
1986 1000 km of Spa
1986 James Hardie 1000
1987 1000 km of Brands Hatch
1987 1000 km of Fuji
1987 1000 km of Jerez
1987 1000 km of Monza
1987 1000 km of Nrburgring
1987 1000 km of Silverstone
1987 1000 km of Spa
1987 James Hardie 1000
1988 1000 km of Brands Hatch
1988 1000 km of Fuji
1988 1000 km of Monza
1988 1000 km of Nrburgring
1988 1000 km of Silverstone
1988 1000 km of Spa
1988 Tooheys 1000
1989 Tooheys 1000
1990 Tooheys 1000
1991 Tooheys 1000
1992 1000 km of Suzuka
1992 Tooheys 1000
1993 Tooheys 1000
1994 Tooheys 1000
1995 Tooheys 1000
1996 AMP Bathurst 1000
1997 AMP Bathurst 1000
1997 Primus 1000 Classic
1998 AMP Bathurst 1000
1998 FAI 1000
1999 FAI 1000
1999 Le Mans Fuji 1000 km
2000 1000 km of Nrburgring
2000 FAI 1000
2001 V8 Supercar 1000
2002 Bob Jane T-Marts 1000
2003 1000 km of Le Mans
2003 1000 km of Spa
2003 Bob Jane T-Marts 1000
2004 1000 km of Monza
2004 1000 km of Nrburgring
2004 1000 km of Silverstone
2004 1000 km of Spa
2004 Bob Jane T-Marts 1000
2005 1000 km of Istanbul
2005 1000 km of Monza
2005 1000 km of Nrburgring
2005 1000 km of Silverstone
2005 1000 km of Spa
2005 Supercheap Auto 1000
2006 1000 km of Donington
2006 1000 km of Istanbul
2006 1000 km of Jarama
2006 1000 km of Nrburgring
2006 1000 km of Spa
2006 FIM Superstock 1000 Cup
2006 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
2007 1000 km of Monza
2007 1000 km of Nrburgring
2007 1000 km of Silverstone
2007 1000 km of Spa
2007 1000 km of Valencia
2007 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
200809 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 1000 metres
200809 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 5000 and 10000 metres
200809 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
2008 1000 km of Catalunya
2008 1000 km of Monza
2008 1000 km of Nrburgring
2008 1000 km of Silverstone
2008 1000 km of Spa
2008 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
2009 1000 km of Catalunya
2009 1000 km of Nrburgring
2009 1000 km of Okayama
200910 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 1000 metres
200910 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 5000 and 10000 metres
200910 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
2009 ATP World Tour Masters 1000
2009 FIM Superstock 1000 Cup
2009 Shanghai ATP Masters 1000
2009 Shanghai ATP Masters 1000 Doubles
2009 Shanghai ATP Masters 1000 Singles
2009 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
2010 1000 km of Hungaroring
201011 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 1000 metres
201011 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 5000 and 10000 metres
201011 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
2010 FIM Superstock 1000 Cup
2010 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
201112 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 1000 metres
201112 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 5000 and 10000 metres
201112 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
2011 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
201213 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 1000 metres
201213 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 5000 and 10000 metres
201213 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
2012 41st International Pokka 1000km
2012 FIM Superstock 1000 Cup
2012 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 5000 and 10000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 1 Men's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 1 Women's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 2 Men's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 2 Women's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 3 Men's 10000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 3 Men's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 3 Women's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 4 Men's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 4 Women's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 5 Men's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 5 Women's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 6 Men's 1000 metres
201314 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 6 Women's 1000 metres
2013 42nd International Pokka Sapporo 1000km
2013 FIM Superstock 1000 Cup
2013 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 5000 and 10000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 1 Men's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 1 Women's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 2 Men's 10000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 2 Men's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 2 Women's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 3 Men's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 3 Women's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 4 Men's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 4 Women's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 6 Men's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 6 Women's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 7 Men's 1000 metres
201415 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 7 Women's 1000 metres
2014 European Stock 1000 Series
2014 FIM Superstock 1000 Cup
2014 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Men's 5000 and 10000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 1 Men's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 1 Women's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 2 Men's 10000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 2 Men's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 2 Women's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 3 Men's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 3 Women's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 4 Men's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 4 Women's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 5 Men's 1000 metres
201516 ISU Speed Skating World Cup World Cup 5 Women's 1000 metres
2015 ENEOS 1000 kilometr lenktyns
2015 FIM Superstock 1000 Cup
2015 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
201617 ISU Speed Skating World Cup Women's 1000 metres
2016 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
2017 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
2018 1000Bulbs.com 500
2018 ATP World Tour Masters 1000
2018 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000
2019 ATP Tour Masters 1000
2019 Bathurst 1000
A1000
Abarth 1000 GT Coup
ACAE CJ-1000A
AD 1000
AD Seaplane Type 1000
AeroAndina MXP-1000 Tayrona
Akai S1000
Allison 1000 transmission
All Time Top 1000 Albums
Amiga 1000
AmigaOne X1000
AP1000
APF-MP1000
Aprilia RST1000 Futura
Aprilia RSV 1000 R
A Stroke of 1000 Millions
Athletics at the 2004 Summer Paralympics Men's 10000 metres T1113
Athletics at the 2004 Summer Paralympics Men's 10000 metres T54
Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Men's 10000 metres
Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Boys' 1000 metres
Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Girls' 1000 metres
ATP Tour Masters 1000
Auto Union 1000 Sp
Baja 1000
Baldwin DRS-4-4-1000
Baldwin VO-1000
Bathurst 1000
BMW S1000R
BMW S1000RR
Buildings at 1000 Block of Seventh Street, and 649651 New York Avenue NW
Cile Ferate Romne Line 1000
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's folding K-1 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's folding K-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 10000 metres
Canoeing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1964 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1964 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1964 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1964 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1964 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1980 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1980 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1980 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1980 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1980 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1984 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1984 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1984 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1984 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1984 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1988 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1988 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1988 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1988 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1988 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1992 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1992 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1992 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1992 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1992 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1996 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1996 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1996 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1996 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 1996 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2002 Asian Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2002 Asian Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2002 Asian Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2002 Asian Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2002 Asian Games Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2004 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2004 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2004 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2004 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2004 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2006 Asian Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2006 Asian Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2006 Asian Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2006 Asian Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 Asian Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 Asian Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 Asian Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 Asian Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 Asian Games Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 South American Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 South American Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 South American Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 South American Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 South American Games Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 South American Games Women's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 South American Games Women's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2010 South American Games Women's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2011 Pan American Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2011 Pan American Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2011 Pan American Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2011 Pan American Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2011 Pan American Games Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2013 Summer Universiade Men's K1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2014 Asian Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2014 Asian Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2014 Asian Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2014 Asian Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2014 Asian Games Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Pan American Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Pan American Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Pan American Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Pan American Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Pan American Games Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2016 Summer Olympics Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2016 Summer Olympics Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2016 Summer Olympics Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2016 Summer Olympics Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2016 Summer Olympics Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2018 Asian Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2018 Asian Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2018 Asian Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2019 Pan American Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2019 Pan American Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2019 Pan American Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoeing at the 2019 Pan American Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2015 European Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2015 European Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2015 European Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2015 European Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2015 European Games Men's K-4 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2019 European Games Men's C-1 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2019 European Games Men's C-2 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2019 European Games Men's K-1 1000 metres
Canoe sprint at the 2019 European Games Men's K-2 1000 metres
Canon EOS 1000D
Casio AE-1000W
Cetomacrogol 1000
CITEFA MP-1000 Martin Pescador
Class 1000
Compaq TC1000
Counties of Hungary (10001920)
CPR-1000
Dager fra 1000 r
DATAmatic 1000
DEC 7000/10000 AXP
De Nederlandse pozie van de 19de en 20ste eeuw in 1000 en enige gedichten
DG Flugzeugbau DG-1000
Dice 10000
DMS-1000
Dragon boat at the 2010 Asian Games Men's 1000 metres
Dragon boat at the 2010 Asian Games Women's 1000 metres
Dragon boat at the 2018 Asian Games Men's 1000 metres
Ducati PaulSmart 1000 LE
E1000
E1000 series
Economic History of Europe (1000 AD Present)
Embraer Lineage 1000
ENER 1000
F1000
Faculty of 1000
Farman F.1000
Ferrari SF1000
First 1000 days
Focke-Wulf 1000x1000x1000
Fortune 1000
Frecciarossa 1000
Fugue in G minor, BWV 1000
Garmin G1000
Generation 1000 Euros
German submarine U-1000
Hennessey Viper Venom 1000 Twin Turbo
Hitachi G1000
Honda CB1000R
Honda CBF1000
Honda CBR1000RR
Honda VF1000
Honda VTR1000F
Honda XL1000V Varadero
House of 1000 Corpses
House of 1000 Corpses (soundtrack)
HP Pavilion dv1000 series
Ice sledge speed racing at the 1988 Winter Paralympics Women's 1000 metres grade II
IEC 61000-3-2
IEC 61000-4-4
IEC 61000-4-5
If I Had $1000000
Ik Omhels Je Met 1000 Armen
Indian 1000-rupee note
Junkers J.1000
JXD 1000
K1000
Kawasaki GPZ1000RX
Kawasaki Kz1000
Kawasaki Ninja 1000
Kawasaki Z1000
Keikyu 1000 series
Keikyu N1000 series
Keio 1000 series
KIC 10001893
Kimi wa 1000%
Kingdom of Hungary (10001301)
Knox v. Service Employees International Union, Local 1000
Korail Class 210000
Korail Class 311000
Korail Class 341000
Landkreuzer P. 1000 Ratte
LEDA 1000714
Lima LS-1000
List of International Organization for Standardization standards, 10000-10999
List of Jupiter trojans (Greek camp) (100001200000)
List of Jupiter trojans (Greek camp) (1100000)
List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp) (100001200000)
List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp) (1100000)
List of Kosmos satellites (7511000)
List of minor planets: 100001101000
List of minor planets: 1000111000
List of minor planets: 109001110000
List of minor planets: 11000
List of minor planets: 110001111000
List of minor planets: 120001121000
List of minor planets: 130001131000
List of minor planets: 140001141000
List of minor planets: 150001151000
List of minor planets: 160001161000
List of minor planets: 170001171000
List of minor planets: 180001181000
List of minor planets: 190001191000
List of minor planets: 200001201000
List of minor planets: 2000121000
List of minor planets: 209001210000
List of minor planets: 210001211000
List of minor planets: 220001221000
List of minor planets: 230001231000
List of minor planets: 240001241000
List of minor planets: 250001251000
List of minor planets: 260001261000
List of minor planets: 270001271000
List of minor planets: 280001281000
List of minor planets: 290001291000
List of minor planets: 300001301000
List of minor planets: 3000131000
List of minor planets: 309001310000
List of minor planets: 310001311000
List of minor planets: 320001321000
List of minor planets: 330001331000
List of minor planets: 340001341000
List of minor planets: 350001351000
List of minor planets: 360001361000
List of minor planets: 370001371000
List of minor planets: 380001381000
List of minor planets: 390001391000
List of minor planets: 400001401000
List of minor planets: 4000141000
List of minor planets: 409001410000
List of minor planets: 410001411000
List of minor planets: 420001421000
List of minor planets: 430001431000
List of minor planets: 440001441000
List of minor planets: 450001451000
List of minor planets: 460001461000
List of minor planets: 470001471000
List of minor planets: 480001481000
List of minor planets: 490001491000
List of minor planets: 500001501000
List of minor planets: 5000151000
List of minor planets: 509001510000
List of minor planets: 510001511000
List of minor planets: 520001521000
List of minor planets: 530001531000
List of minor planets: 540001541000
List of minor planets: 6000161000
List of minor planets: 7000171000
List of minor planets: 8000181000
List of minor planets: 9000191000
List of minor planets: 900110000
List of minor planets: 99001100000
List of mountains of the British Isles by height (5011000)
List of named minor planets: 100000149999
List of named minor planets: 1000019999
List of named minor planets: 10001999
List of New Testament lectionaries (5011000)
List of New Testament minuscules (11000)
List of New Testament minuscules (9011000)
List of NGC objects (11000)
List of NHL players with 1000 assists
List of Quebec 1000 meter peaks
List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 901 to 1000
List of wars: 10001499
List of wars: before 1000
LRTA 1000 class
M-10000
M-10001
M-10002
M-10003 to M-10006
MCST-R1000
Meanings of minor planet names: 100001101000
Meanings of minor planet names: 1000111000
Meanings of minor planet names: 109001110000
Meanings of minor planet names: 11000
Meanings of minor planet names: 110001111000
Meanings of minor planet names: 120001121000
Meanings of minor planet names: 130001131000
Meanings of minor planet names: 140001141000
Meanings of minor planet names: 150001151000
Meanings of minor planet names: 160001161000
Meanings of minor planet names: 170001171000
Meanings of minor planet names: 180001181000
Meanings of minor planet names: 190001191000
Meanings of minor planet names: 200001201000
Meanings of minor planet names: 2000121000
Meanings of minor planet names: 209001210000
Meanings of minor planet names: 210001211000
Meanings of minor planet names: 220001221000
Meanings of minor planet names: 230001231000
Meanings of minor planet names: 240001241000
Meanings of minor planet names: 250001251000
Meanings of minor planet names: 260001261000
Meanings of minor planet names: 270001271000
Meanings of minor planet names: 280001281000
Meanings of minor planet names: 290001291000
Meanings of minor planet names: 300001301000
Meanings of minor planet names: 3000131000
Meanings of minor planet names: 309001310000
Meanings of minor planet names: 310001311000
Meanings of minor planet names: 320001321000
Meanings of minor planet names: 330001331000
Meanings of minor planet names: 340001341000
Meanings of minor planet names: 350001351000
Meanings of minor planet names: 360001361000
Meanings of minor planet names: 380001381000
Meanings of minor planet names: 390001391000
Meanings of minor planet names: 400001401000
Meanings of minor planet names: 4000141000
Meanings of minor planet names: 409001410000
Meanings of minor planet names: 410001411000
Meanings of minor planet names: 420001421000
Meanings of minor planet names: 450001451000
Meanings of minor planet names: 470001471000
Meanings of minor planet names: 5000151000
Meanings of minor planet names: 509001510000
Meanings of minor planet names: 510001511000
Meanings of minor planet names: 6000161000
Meanings of minor planet names: 7000171000
Meanings of minor planet names: 8000181000
Meanings of minor planet names: 9000191000
Meanings of minor planet names: 900110000
Meanings of minor planet names: 99001100000
Medal "In Commemoration of the 1000th Anniversary of Kazan"
Melkus RS 1000
Mitsubishi Colt 1000
Mondial Piega 1000
...More than 1000 Words
Moto Guzzi V1000 Convert
Motorola A1000
MRTJ 1000 series
MZ 1000S
N1000
Nagoya Municipal Subway N1000 series
NE1000
NGC 1000
Nikon Coolpix P1000
Nikon Coolpix S1000pj
Nordic 10000m Challenge
NS Class 1000
Odakyu 10000 series HiSE
Odakyu 1000 series
OPR-1000
Osaka Monorail 1000 series
OS T1000
P1000
P1000-class picket boat
Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ1000
PC 1000
Pentax K1000
Pilot 1000
Polaroid Land Camera 1000
Pratt & Whitney PW1000G
PV-1000
R10000
Radeon X1000 series
Rally 1000 Miglia
Rational R1000
Raven 1000 UL
Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba
REMA 1000
Rockin' 1000
Roller speed skating at the 2010 Asian Games Men's 10000 metres points elimination
Roller speed skating at the 2010 Asian Games Women's 10000 metres points elimination
Roller Sports at the 2017 Summer Universiade Men's 10000 metres elimination races
Roller Sports at the 2017 Summer Universiade Men's 1000 metres sprint
Roller Sports at the 2017 Summer Universiade Women's 10000 metres elimination races
Roller Sports at the 2017 Summer Universiade Women's 1000 metres sprint
Rolls-Royce Trent 1000
Russell 1000 Index
S1000
S1000-class submarines
SC1000 bomb
SDSS J01061000
Seibu 10000 series
SG-1000
Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics Men's 1000 yard free rifle
Short track speed skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 1994 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 1994 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 1999 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 1999 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2002 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2002 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2006 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2006 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2007 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2007 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2011 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2011 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2015 Winter Universiade Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2015 Winter Universiade Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2017 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2017 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics Boys' 1000 metres
Short track speed skating at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics Girls' 1000 metres
Simca 1000
Simca 1000 Coup
SIPA S.1000 Coccinelle
koda 1000 MB
Sok 1000
Solothurn S-18/1000
Sony DCR-VX1000
Sotetsu 10000 series
Sotetsu 11000 series
Speed skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1960 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1964 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1968 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1972 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1976 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1976 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1980 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1980 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1984 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1984 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1986 Asian Winter Games Men's 10000 metres
Speed skating at the 1986 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1986 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1988 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1988 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1990 Asian Winter Games Men's 10000 metres
Speed skating at the 1990 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1990 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1994 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1994 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1996 Asian Winter Games Men's 10000 metres
Speed skating at the 1996 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1996 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1999 Asian Winter Games Men's 10000 metres
Speed skating at the 1999 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 1999 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2002 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2002 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2003 Asian Winter Games Men's 10000 metres
Speed skating at the 2003 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2003 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2006 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2006 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2007 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2007 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2011 Asian Winter Games Men's 10000 metres
Speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2017 Asian Winter Games Men's 10000 metres
Speed skating at the 2017 Asian Winter Games Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2017 Asian Winter Games Women's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Men's 1000 metres
Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Women's 1000 metres
Stadion 1000-lecia Pastwa Polskiego
Subaru 1000
Sunbeam 1000 hp
Suzuki GSX-R1000
Suzuki SV1000
Suzuki TL1000R
Suzuki TL1000S
Suzuki V-Strom 1000
Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics Men's 1000 metre freestyle
T1000
T-1000
Tandy 1000
TCDD DE11000
Texas Instruments TMS1000
Timeline of British history (10001499)
Timeline of British history (before 1000)
Timex Sinclair 1000
Tobu 10000 series
Tokyo Metro 10000 series
Tokyu 1000 series
Toshiba T1000
Ty Rapid 1000 series
TV1000 Poland
TV1000 Russkoe Kino
TX-1000 series
User:Northamerica1000/Churnalism
User:Northamerica1000/Eager to delete
V1000
VAX 7000/10000
Vickers V-1000
Vossloh G1000 BB
World record progression 1000 m speed skating men
World record progression 1000 m speed skating women
Worth1000
WTA 1000 tournaments
WWE Raw 1000
Yaesu FT-1000MP
Yakovlev Yak-1000
Yamaha GTS1000
Yamaha XV1000
Yamaha YZF1000R Thunderace
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